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Modular small-scale sulphuric acid production plants, the technologies used for sulphur dioxide gaseous effluent treatment (tail-gas scrubbing single-absorption systems; single-absorption with regenerative systems; double-absorption systems), and an example of a modular-plant layout utilising a single-absorption stage and a tail-gas scrubbing system, developed for a mining company, are described. The development of heat-recovery systems such as the SAFEHR system for use in modular sulphuric acid plants is discussed. Test results of a comparison of leak-hole corrosion rates between a typical water/98% sulphuric acid heat-recovery system and a SAFEHR CS270 inert fluid/98% sulphuric acid system are presented. A case study is provided for a modular plant - designed for a mining company in a remote area of Brazil - which generates 150 000 t/d of 98% sulphuric acid, dried air containing less than 400 volumetric ppm of sulphur dioxide, and 4 t/h of medium-pressure steam., Modular small-scale sulphuric acid production plants, the technologies used for sulphur dioxide gaseous effluent treatment (tail-gas scrubbing single-absorption systems; single-absorption with regenerative systems; double-absorption systems), and an example of a modular-plant layout utilising a single-absorption stage and a tail-gas scrubbing system, developed for a mining company, are described. The development of heat-recovery systems such as the SAFEHR system for use in modular sulphuric acid plants is discussed. Test results of a comparison of leak-hole corrosion rates between a typical water/98% sulphuric acid heat-recovery system and a SAFEHR CS270 inert fluid/98% sulphuric acid system are presented. A case study is provided for a modular plant - designed for a mining company in a remote area of Brazil - which generates 150 000 t/d of 98% sulphuric acid, dried air containing less than 400 volumetric ppm of sulphur dioxide, and 4 t/h of medium-pressure steam.

Monsanto Environ-Chem have developed a new physical absorption process for the desulphurisation of flue gases. The selected absorbent (DBBP) has high SO2-loading capability and low stripping requirements. It has a very low vapour pressure and relatively low viscosity. Acidic washing can further reduce the vapour pressure. The absorbent is only slightly toxic and is classified as a flame retardant. It has very low corrosion rates and was found to be very stable under a variety of conditions. The absorption process is suitable for the treatment of metallurgical off-gases and offers capital and operating cost advantages over currently available technology., Monsanto Environ-Chem have developed a new physical absorption process for the desulphurisation of flue gases. The selected absorbent (DBBP) has high SO2-loading capability and low stripping requirements. It has a very low vapour pressure and relatively low viscosity. Acidic washing can further reduce the vapour pressure. The absorbent is only slightly toxic and is classified as a flame retardant. It has very low corrosion rates and was found to be very stable under a variety of conditions. The absorption process is suitable for the treatment of metallurgical off-gases and offers capital and operating cost advantages over currently available technology.