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Batteries are pivotal for transitioning to a climate-friendly future, leading to a surge in battery research. Scopus (Elsevier) lists 14,388 papers that mention "lithium-ion battery" in 2023 alone, making it infeasible for individuals to keep up. This paper discusses strategies based on structured, semantic, and linked data to manage this information overload. Structured data follows a predefined, machine-readable format; semantic data includes metadata for context; linked data references other semantic data, forming a web of interconnected information. We use a battery-related ontology, BattINFO to standardise terms and enable automated data extraction and analysis. Our methodology integrates full-text search and machine-readable data, enhancing data retrieval and battery testing. We aim to unify commercial cell information and develop tools for the battery community such as manufacturer-independent cycling procedure descriptions and external memory for Large Language Models. Although only a first step, this approach significantly accelerates battery research and digitalizes battery testing, inviting community participation for continuous improvement. We provide the structured data and the tools to access them as open source.

Open access to research data is increasingly important for accelerating research. Grant authorities therefore request detailed plans for how data is managed in the projects they finance. We have recently developed such a plan for the EU-H2020 BIG-MAP project - a cross-disciplinary project targeting disruptive battery-material discoveries. Essential for reaching the goal is extensive sharing of research data across scales, disciplines and stakeholders, not limited to BIG-MAP and the European BATTERY 2030+ initiative but within the entire battery community. The key challenges faced in developing the data management plan for such a large and complex project were to generate an overview of the enormous amount of data that will be produced, to build an understanding of the data flow within the project and to agree on a roadmap for making all data FAIR. This paper describes the process we followed and how we structured the plan., Comment: 12 pages, 4 figures; the full DMP is published as Supporting Information

The presence of massive stars (MSs) in the region close to the Galactic Center (GC) poses several questions about their origin. The harsh environment of the GC favors specific formation scenarios, each of which should imprint characteristic kinematic features on the MSs. We present a 2D kinematic analysis of MSs in a GC region surrounding Sgr A* based on high-precision proper motions obtained with the Hubble Space Telescope. Thanks to a careful data reduction, well-measured bright stars in our proper-motion catalogs have errors better than 0.5 mas yr$^{-1}$. We discuss the absolute motion of the MSs in the field and their motion relative to Sgr A*, the Arches and the Quintuplet. For the majority of the MSs, we rule out any distance further than 3-4 kpc from Sgr A* using only kinematic arguments. If their membership to the GC is confirmed, most of the isolated MSs are likely not associated with either the Arches or Quintuplet clusters or Sgr A*. Only a few MSs have proper motions suggesting they are likely members of the Arches cluster, in agreement with previous spectroscopic results. Line-of-sight radial velocities and distances are required to shed further light on the origin of most of these massive objects. We also present an analysis of other fast-moving objects in the GC region, finding no clear excess of high-velocity escaping stars. We make our astro-photometric catalogs publicly available., Comment: 28 pages, 33 figures, 9 tables. Accepted for publication in MNRAS. [v3: Fixed bibliography]

Aqueous zinc-air batteries (ZABs) are a low-cost, safe, and sustainable technology for stationary energy storage. ZABs with pH-buffered near-neutral electrolytes have the potential for longer lifetime compared to traditional alkaline ZABs due to the slower absorption of carbonates at non-alkaline pH values. However, existing near-neutral electrolytes often contain halide salts, which are corrosive and threaten the precipitation of ZnO as the dominant discharge product. This paper presents a method for designing halide-free aqueous ZAB electrolytes using thermodynamic descriptors to computationally screen components. The dynamic performance of a ZAB with one possible halide-free aqueous electrolyte based on organic salts is simulated using an advanced method of continuum modeling, and the results are validated by experiments. XRD, SEM, and EDS measurements of Zn electrodes show that ZnO is the dominant discharge product, and operando pH measurements confirm the stability of the electrolyte pH during cell cycling. Long-term full cell cycling tests are performed, and RRDE measurements elucidate the mechanism of ORR and OER. Our analysis shows that aqueous electrolytes containing organic salts could be a promising field of research for zinc-based batteries, due to their Zn$^{2+}$ chelating and pH buffering properties. We discuss the remaining challenges including the electrochemical stability of the electrolyte components., Comment: 16 pages, 12 figures

This paper presents a combined theoretical and experimental investigation of aqueous near-neutral electrolytes based on chloride salts for rechargeable zinc-air batteries (ZABs). The resilience of near-neutral chloride electrolytes in air could extend ZAB lifetime, but theory-based simulations predict that such electrolytes are vulnerable to other challenges including pH instability and the unwanted precipitation of mixed zinc hydroxide chloride products. In this work, we combine theory-based simulations with experimental methods such as full cell cycling, operando pH measurements, ex-situ XRD, SEM, and EDS characterization to investigate the performance of ZABs with aqueous chloride electrolytes. The experimental characterization of near-neutral ZAB cells observes the predicted pH instability and confirms the composition of the final discharge products. Steps to promote greater pH stability and control the precipitation of discharge products are proposed., Comment: 13 pages, 12 figures

Tuberculosis relapse is a barrier to shorter treatment. It is thought that lipid rich cells, phenotypically resistant to antibiotics, may play a major role. Most studies investigating relapse use sputum samples although tissue bacteria may play an important role. We developed a non-destructive, label-free technique combining wavelength modulated Raman (WMR) spectroscopy and fluorescence detection (Nile Red staining) to interrogate Mycobacterium tuberculosis cell state. This approach could differentiate single 'dormant' (lipid rich, LR) and 'non-dormant' (lipid poor, LP) cells with high sensitivity and specificity. We applied this to experimentally infected guinea pig lung sections and were able to distinguish both cell types showing that the LR phenotype dominates in infected tissue. Both in-vitro and ex-vivo spectra correlated well, showing for the first time that Mycobacterium tuberculosis, likely to be phenotypically resistant to antibiotics, are present in large numbers in tissue. This is an important step in understanding the pathology of relapse supporting the idea that they may be caused by M. tuberculosis cells with lipid inclusions., Comment: 20 pages, Scientific Reports, 2017