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This review explores the integration of titanium carbide (Ti3C2Tx) MXene materials with three-dimensional (3D) printing techniques for advanced functional applications. Ti3C2Tx MXenes exhibit remarkable intrinsic properties like high surface area, metallic conductivity, and flexible surface functionalities. These materials can be associated to 3D printing techniques that offer solutions to conventional techniques’ limitations, enabling the creation of high-performance, free-standing, and multiscale devices with precise control over architecture. Additionally, 3D printing techniques are cost-effective, energy-saving, and sustainable, reducing material waste and carbon footprint. This review begins by presenting an overview of two-dimensional (2D) materials and their distinct characteristics when comparted to the MXenes family, followed by discussions on synthesis routes for 3D printable MXene inks and fabrication methods for complex MXene-based structures. Various applications of 3D-printed MXene architectures are explored, particularly in energy storage devices like supercapacitors and batteries, leveraging MXenes exceptional electrical conductivity and high surface area to enhance energy storage capabilities. Moreover, the potential of 3D-printed MXene architectures in smart devices, incorporating technologies such as artificial intelligence and connectivity features, is highlighted, particularly in smart sensors, biosensors, electromagnetic shielding, and environmental remediation.

The endomembrane system in plant cells enables the cell to manage and coordinate a variety of membranous compartments so that they and their contents arrive at the right location. The secretory pathway is an essential part of this complex network and has its gateway at the Endoplasmic Reticulum. Therefore, alterations at the ER can affect how protein trafficking takes place and how cargo leaves this organelle. With this work, we assessed how abnormalities at the Endoplasmic Reticulum would interfere with protein sorting and trafficking. We used an Arabidopsis mutant—leb-2 GFP-h, presenting abnormal ER morphology, and evaluated the expression of aspartic proteinases and genes related to vacuolar transport along with the localization of a specific vacuolar sorting signal—plant-specific insert (PSI). Our results show that alterations in the leb-2 GFP-h mutant did not disrupt the transport of PSI–mCherry to the vacuole but influenced the expression of endogenous aspartic proteinases. Furthermore, the study of key endomembrane genes expression revealed an upregulation of the SNARE proteins AtVAMP722 and AtVAMP723. The leb-2 mutant seems not to interfere with vacuolar routes but may be implicated in secretion events.

Para entender e monitorar adequadamente os riscos decorrentes de processos deformantes, como a subsidência, é fundamental identificá-los e avaliar sua magnitude adequadamente. O uso do GNSS é amplamente difundido para avaliar o panorama geral dessas instabilidades, seja por meio de posições absolutas ou medições contínuas dos pontos dentro das áreas afetadas. Por outro lado, a técnica interferométrica em uma abordagem multi-temporal (MT-InSAR), como a técnica PSInSAR, permite monitorar e detectar pequenas variações no terreno causadas por movimentos da superfície, como deslizamentos de terra ou subsidência. Nesse sentido, este manuscrito tem como objetivo complementar os resultados de uma análise de subsidência por meio de observações GPS realizadas em uma região do bairro Guabirotuba, em Curitiba (PR), utilizando o processamento interferométrico empregando a técnica PSInSAR com base em 77 imagens SAR do satélite Sentinel-1A, adquiridas na órbita descendente durante o período de 2016 a 2022. Os resultados revelaram que as estações da rede GPS implantada no Guabirotuba apresentaram uma velocidade extremamente lenta quando projetadas na direção da linha de visada (LoS) do satélite. A projeção na LoS dos deslocamentos relativos das coordenadas (north, east, up) e das velocidades apresentou comportamentos semelhantes e, em alguns pontos, divergentes quando comparados aos resultados obtidos com a técnica PSInSAR.

O objetivo deste artigo é refletir sobre a construção das representações midiáticas do skate de rua nas mídias a partir de filmes e transmissões das Olimpíadas de Tóquio de 2020 na Globo e de três colunas publicadas em 2021 e 2022, de Chico Lins, Valmir Moratelli e Débora Martins. Busca-se explorar o ethos do for fun da cultura do skate, em contraste com a noção de fair play valorizado no espírito olímpico, ressaltando aspectos ligados às culturas juvenis na contemporaneidade. Pesquisadores da Comunicação em sua articulação com o esporte, e estudiosos da cultura de skate juntam-se a autores da sociologia, como Sérgio Buarque de Holanda, com o controverso conceito do “homem cordial”, tomado aqui como categoria que ajuda a revelar representações midiáticas do ethos do street skate e sua contribuição para o resgate de uma dada identidade nacional.

Diabetes Mellitus Type I (DM1) is an autoimmune disease, characterized by the total destruction of the beta (β) cells of the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas. This disease can strike people at any age, but it usually develops in children or young adults. Because of the high prevalence of DM1 in the young population, as well as all the difficulties in effective self-management in this population, with very specific characteristics, it is essential to develop therapeutic education interventions, with the aim of acquiring self-management skills. Thus, the main objective of this study is to identify the benefits of therapeutic nursing education interventions in promoting self-management of adolescents with DM1. For this, an Integrative Literature Review was carried out, using the EBSCOhost, PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science platforms. Six articles were eligible. In terms of results, benefits were identified in the health of adolescents, with the use of therapeutic education interventions by nurses, including the control of capillary glycemia, better acceptance of the pathology, improvement in body mass index, increased adherence to the therapeutic regime, a reduction in hospitalizations and complications, contribution to bio-psycho-social well-being and improvement quality of life.

The aspartic proteinase cardosin A is a vacuolar enzyme found to accumulate in protein storage and lytic vacuoles in the flowers and protein bodies in the seeds of the native plant cardoon. Cardosin A was first isolated several decades ago and has since been extensively characterized, both in terms of tissue distribution and enzyme biochemistry. In the native system, several roles have been attributed to cardosin A, such as reproduction, reserve mobilization, and membrane remodeling. To participate in such diverse events, cardosin A must accumulate and travel to different compartments within the cell: protein storage vacuoles, lytic vacuoles, and the cytoplasmic membrane (and eventually outside the cell). Several studies have approached the expression of cardosin A in Arabidopsis thaliana and Nicotiana tabacum with promising results for the use of these systems to study of cardosin A trafficking. A poly-sorting mechanism has been uncovered for this protein, as two different vacuolar sorting determinants, mediating different vacuolar routes, have been described. The first is a conventional C-terminal domain, which delivers the protein to the vacuole via the Golgi, and the second is a more unconventional signal—the plant-specific insert (PSI)—that mediates a Golgi-independent route. The hypothesis that these two signals are activated according to cell needs and in organs with high metabolic activity is investigated here. An Arabidopsis line expressing cardosin A under an inducible promoter was used to understand the dynamics of cardosin A regarding vacuolar accumulation during seed germination events. Using antibodies against different regions of the protein and combining them with immunofluorescence and immunocytochemistry assays in different young seedling tissues, cardosin A was detected along the secretory pathway to the protein storage vacuole, often associated with the endoplasmic reticulum. More interestingly, upon treatment with the drug Brefeldin A, cardosin A was still detected in protein storage vacuoles, indicating that the intact protein can bypass the Golgi in this system, contrary to what was observed in N. tabacum. This study is a good starting point for further research involving the use of fluorescent fusions and exploring in more detail the relationship between cardosin A trafficking and plant development.

O texto que se apresenta é uma reflexão que parte da análise de um livro-álbum editado a pensar num pré-leitor, A Manta. Uma história aos quadradinhos (de tecido) (Martins e Kono 2010), em que o tema da leitura de objetos se relaciona com a iniciação à leitura literária e dela beneficiando. Indo ao encontro da temática do presente dossiê, o espaço cultural em que a biblioteca pública tem por missão construir-se e que, não uniformemente, pratica como espaço de convívio entre pessoas e livros em que estes são, simultaneamente, trampolins e alvos, modificou-se durante os dois períodos de confinamento entre 2020 e 2021. O contacto com o livro enquanto objeto manipulável que facilita a aproximação ao ato de ler em consonância com a linguagem visual que a arquitetura dos livros infantis contempla com especial cuidado, parece ter obrigado a regressar à audição como sentido primeiro para estes pré-leitores. A nossa leitura deste livro-álbum infantil é um exercício-modelo, que poderá replicar-se em sessões que vão ao encontro das metodologias das Humanidades Públicas, em que, não nos distraindo com o que o texto literário evoca ou sugere, nos fará a ele voltar para nos focarmos no plano que nele nos interessa. No presente caso, foi a atenção dada às histórias sobre ausências várias, que os objetos trazem consigo e que a leitura da literatura presentifica, mesmo na ausência do livro

The main source of financing is bank loans for Portuguese small and medium-sized entities (SMEs), which implies several constraints to obtaining additional funds. Relying on the argument of Positive Accounting Theory (PAT) that accounting choices are not neutral and on Agency Theory that information asymmetry prevails between insiders and outsiders, we analyzed the impacts of debt on earnings quality, focusing on its level, its increases, and its term of payment. We estimated econometric regressions using panel data with fixed effects over 2013–2019, using discretionary accruals as an inverse proxy of earnings quality. We found empirical evidence that the relationship between debt and earnings quality tends to vary in sign, as the quality of financial information deteriorates with debt, but as debt becomes high, firms tend to increase the quality of earnings. Furthermore, we found that short-term debt tends to decrease earnings quality more than long-term debt. This article aimed to contribute to the prior literature by collecting evidence that debt levels tend to be an incentive to increase earnings management and fill the gap by analyzing the influence of different debt features. This evidence is useful because earnings management may compromise both stakeholders’ confidence and the efficient allocation of capital.

We investigate whether accounting information system quality has an impact on the level and efficiency of firms’ investments. While firms’ growth depends on investment and financing decisions, accounting information is fundamental for the decision-making of several stakeholders. We assess the accounting information system quality by discretionary accruals, whereas the investment inefficiency is estimated by the residuals of an investment regression for a sample of 3073 Portuguese SMEs from 27 industries, over the period from 2016 to 2021 using a panel regression analysis. The empirical evidence suggests that firms exhibiting higher accounting information system quality tend to invest more. In addition, firms with a lower accounting information system quality have more inefficient investments, as they tend to engage in more overinvestment, although this is not significant for underinvestment. Therefore, this study provides new evidence regarding the impact of accounting information systems on investment that may be useful for several stakeholders, such as managers, creditors, regulators, and academics, by providing evidence for SMEs, where empirical studies are scarce.

The aim of this article is to show how autonomy for the transmission of know-how of experienced workers is characterized by taking into account the conditions of work organization and realization. The study took place in an industrial lithography company organized according to a lean model, and was based on 14 half-days of activity observation, 6 semi-structured interviews with the lithographers, and periods of data restitution with management (human resources team and production manager) and workers. The results reveal two main types of situation where transmission autonomy is either “prevented” or “conditional”. These types of situation are underpinned by a dilemma in the activity of experienced workers (between transmission and production) the outcome of which tends to favour production. By default, this choice is supported by management who ignore the requirements of the lithographers’ work and makes them responsible for the transmission.The study shows the issues underlying transmission autonomy and emphasises the need for management to think about transmission by considering the conditions in which autonomy can be exercised.

The literature on knowledge management as a broad area, typically studied under the scope of business management, and on knowledge transmission as a process, often studied under the scope of work psychology and ergonomics, although extensive, lacks a synthesis regarding the dimensions involved in knowledge management or transmission practices in workplaces. Thus, this study aims to systematize the existing programs for management or transmission of knowledge in workplaces and to develop a conceptual framework to support their design and implementation in this context. Thereto, the study resorts to the main scientific approaches that address knowledge management and knowledge transmission (business management and work psychology/ergonomics). The methodology followed a systematic review to identify and analyse the programs concerning the management or transmission of knowledge implemented in professional contexts, nearly from the beginning of the 21st century, considering the two scientific approaches. The analysis of the 28 articles shows what defines the implemented practices, their impact, and the role assumed by HR. The results demonstrate differences and similarities between the two approaches which guided the dimensions included in the conceptual framework. This study makes advances for both the scientific field, bringing different scientific discourses closer together by acknowledging their strengths; and for practitioners, through the possibility of improving the understanding of the application scope of the concepts of knowledge management and knowledge transmission, as well as supporting their action in workplaces.

Persistent Scatterer Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (PSInSAR™) é uma técnica de sensoriamento remoto que usa como base a técnica Differential InSAR (DInSAR), porém, emprega uma série de interferogramas diferenciais advindas de uma pilha de imagens Single Look Complex - Synthetic Aperture Radar (SLC-SAR) devidamente corregistradas e adquiridas em um intervalo de tempo sobre uma mesma área para, de tal modo, selecionar pixels que apresentam um índice de dispersão da amplitude dentro de um limiar estabelecido e, assim, gerar uma série histórica de deslocamento da superfície. A PSInSAR™ usa pixels que contenham dispersores persistentes que são caracterizados por obras de engenharia como pontes, taludes, telhados, casas, prédios, e algumas feições naturais como rochas. Por meio da análise da fase desses pixels, a PSInSAR™ consegue superar algumas dificuldades encontradas com a DInSAR, tais como, problemas correlacionados com a falta de correlação atmosférica, temporal e espacial. Desde a sua idealização no início dos anos de 2000 e devido a sua capacidade de mapear deslocamentos superficiais a uma acurácia milimétrica, a PSInSAR™ vem sendo amplamente usada em estudos sobre subsidências, deslizamentos, monitoramento de barragens, monitoramento de minas e de estruturas de engenharia no modo geral. Nesse sentido, o presente artigo descreve o princípio básico de funcionamento da técnica, investiga a sua aplicabilidade no âmbito nacional e internacional e apresenta os pacotes de processamento existentes no mercado assim como o acesso de dados interferométricos que possibilitam à utilização da PSInSAR™.

Amazonian rivers are only partial barriers to the dispersal of most species, but they still form the limits between the distributions of many similar species. We show that two competitively-identical species may remain allopatric for hundreds of generations when a river only reduces the chance of a species crossing it. To illustrate this, we developed a two-dimensional cellular automata for two allopatric species under neutral-theory dynamics and recorded the time required for the first extinction of a species and the frequency with which it occurred across replicate simulations. Our results indicate that neutral processes associated with reduced dispersal across rivers can maintain competitively-identical species allopatric for hundreds of generations despite repeated river crossings. These cross-river incursions were rarely successful owing to the low likelihood of a rare invader outcompeting resident populations. This process provides a plausible mechanism for the maintenance of Amazonian biodiversity and may explain the spatial-distribution limits of species caused by large rivers in the Amazon that are not absolute barriers to dispersal.

With the increase in global life expectancy, maintaining health into old age becomes a challenge, and research has thus concentrated on various strategies which aimed to mitigate the effects of skin aging. Aromatic plants stand out as promising sources of anti-aging compounds due to their secondary metabolites, particularly essential oils (EOs). The aim of this study was to ascribe to Ferulago lutea EO several biological activities that could be useful in the context of skin aging. The EO was obtained using hydrodistillation and characterized by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The anti-inflammatory potential was assessed using lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated macrophages. The effect on cell migration was disclosed using scratch wound assay. Lipogenesis was induced using T0901317, hyperpigmentation with 3-isobutyl-1-methylxantine (IBMX) and senescence with etoposide. Our results show that the EO was characterized mainly by α-pinene and limonene. The EO was able to decrease nitric oxide (NO) release as well as iNOS and pro-IL-1β protein levels. The EO promoted wound healing while decreasing lipogenesis and having depigmenting effects. The EO also reduced senescence-associated β-galactosidase, p21/p53 protein levels and the nuclear accumulation of γH2AX. Overall, our study highlights the properties of F. lutea EO that make it a compelling candidate for dermocosmetics applications.

In the scope of Behavioral Decision Theory, Accounting-based Earnings Management (AEM) may compromise the success of decision making of a firm’s stakeholders. Given that AEM constitutes a barrier to the decision-making process, we aim to identify the main motivations of the players of AEM. Besides, in this study we also intend to analyze the implementing and detecting of AEM practices in financial statements and to evaluate whether individual characteristics influence the ability to implement and detect creative accounting practices. To achieve the proposed objectives, a quantitative methodology approach was used. A survey was applied to Portuguese’s certified accountants. In the data analyses, we applied the univariate and multiple analysis. Based on 159 observations, we find that most certified accountants indicate the main motivations are related to the reduction of the cost of capital and tax burden, the strength of the “code law system”, and that the managers are the main players. Our evidence also shows that the AEM practices are easily implemented and detected in the financial statements. In addition, we find that age, professional experience, and academic qualifications of the certified accountant tend to have an impact on the ability to implement AEM in the financial statements, contrary to gender and training area. Furthermore, gender and academic financial statements. This research is important for the development of the literature, entities that operate in accounting standardization and for the users of accounting and financial information. This study contributes to a better understanding of AEM practice, and it originally combines individual characteristics of accounting professionals with AEM practice.

Summary: Background: Knowledge regarding the risks associated with Zika virus (ZIKV) infections in pregnancy has relied on individual studies with relatively small sample sizes and variable risk estimates of adverse outcomes, or on surveillance or routinely collected data. Using data from the Zika Brazilian Cohorts Consortium, this study aims, to estimate the risk of adverse outcomes among offspring of women with RT-PCR-confirmed ZIKV infection during pregnancy and to explore heterogeneity between studies. Methods: We performed an individual participant data meta-analysis of the offspring of 1548 pregnant women from 13 studies, using one and two-stage meta-analyses to estimate the absolute risks. Findings: Of the 1548 ZIKV-exposed pregnancies, the risk of miscarriage was 0.9%, while the risk of stillbirth was 0.3%. Among the pregnancies with liveborn children, the risk of prematurity was 10,5%, the risk of low birth weight was 7.7, and the risk of small for gestational age (SGA) was 16.2%. For other abnormalities, the absolute risks were: 2.6% for microcephaly at birth or first evaluation, 4.0% for microcephaly at any time during follow-up, 7.9% for neuroimaging abnormalities, 18.7% for functional neurological abnormalities, 4.0% for ophthalmic abnormalities, 6.4% for auditory abnormalities, 0.6% for arthrogryposis, and 1.5% for dysphagia. This risk was similar in all sites studied and in different socioeconomic conditions, indicating that there are not likely to be other factors modifying this association. Interpretation: This study based on prospectively collected data generates the most robust evidence to date on the risks of congenital ZIKV infections over the early life course. Overall, approximately one-third of liveborn children with prenatal ZIKV exposure presented with at least one abnormality compatible with congenital infection, while the risk to present with at least two abnormalities in combination was less than 1.0%. Funding: National Council for Scientific and Technological Development - Brazil (Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico – CNPq); Wellcome Trust and the United Kingdom's Department for International Development; European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program; Medical Research Council on behalf of the Newton Fund and Wellcome Trust; National Institutes of Health/National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; Foundation Christophe et Rodolphe Mérieux; Coordination for the improvement of Higher Education Personnel (Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - Capes); Ministry of Health of Brazil; Brazilian Department of Science and Technology; Foundation of Research Support of the State of São Paulo (Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo – FAPESP); Foundation of Research Support of the State of Rio de Janeiro (Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro – FAPERJ); Foundation of Support for Research and Scientific and Technological Development of Maranhão; Evandro Chagas Institute/Brazilian Ministry of Health (Instituto Evandro Chagas/Ministério da Saúde); Foundation of Research Support of the State of Goiás (Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Goiás – FAPEG); Foundation of Research Support of the State of Rio Grande do Sul (Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul – FAPERGS); Foundation to Support Teaching, Research and Assistance at Hospital das Clínicas, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto (Fundação de Apoio ao Ensino, Pesquisa e Assistência do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto); São Paulo State Department of Health (Secretaria de Saúde do Estado de São Paulo); Support Foundation of Pernambuco Science and Technology (Fundação de Amparo à Ciência e Tecnologia de Pernambuco – FACEPE).

In this article we analyse whether the level of conservative accounting practice is associated with economic conditions in Greece, Ireland, Portugal, Spain (GIPS) and the UK. For that purpose, we study conditional conservatism surrounding the 2007/08 global financial crisis, using an approach that consists in examining two stages of the crisis, which we denote by the earlier stage of the crisis and the later stage of the crisis. Furthermore, we analyse the impact of the intensity of economic changes and institutional factors by comparing conservatism in the GIPS, which were more severely affected by the crisis, with the UK. The results are consistent with a conservative accounting practice in those countries over the sample period from 1998 to 2018. Besides, we find evidence of a decrease in conservative accounting in the earlier stage of the crisis and an increase in the later stage. In addition, the results suggest an incremental sensitivity of conservatism in countries that were more severely affected by financial crisis. Our findings are consistent with managers adjusting financial reporting in response to the economic environment, sometimes they appear to respond to the demand for a conservative practice from stakeholders, but other times they act as if they wanted to mislead outsiders. Therefore, this study brings some insights to the debate about the use of accounting conservatism and its relation to economic conditions.

Este artigo apresenta parte dos resultados de uma pesquisa de doutorado dedicada a analisar o ciclo de desenvolvimento da política educacional em gênero e diversidade sexual no Brasil. A partir das proposições de Stephen Ball, que acionam noções foucaultianas de poder e discurso para a análise de políticas educacionais, buscou-se, para além da métrica, compreender as dinâmicas político-discursivas que marcaram tanto a produção dessa política quanto a sistemática reação que se lançou sobre ela. Neste artigo, são apresentados seus antecedentes, suas principais ações, os agentes envolvidos na sua construção e o discurso pedagógico que produziram. São identificados também seus principais opositores, suas táticas de ação e estratégias discursivas, apontando como se articularam com os movimentos reacionários que marcaram o país nos últimos anos. Por fim, apontam-se indícios de que o debate sobre gênero e diversidade sexual nas escolas sobrevive mesmo em tempos de conservadorismo, censura e terrorismo ideológico.

Nanomaterials offer a broad spectrum of applications in biomedicine. The shapes of gold nanoparticles could modulate tumor cell behavior. Spherical (AuNPsp), stars (AuNPst) and rods (AuNPr) shapes of polyethylene glycol coated-gold nanoparticles (AuNPs-PEG) were synthesized. Metabolic activity, cellular proliferation, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were measured and the impact of AuNPs-PEG in metabolic enzymes function was evaluated by RT-qPCR in PC3, DU145, and LNCaP prostate cancer cells. All AuNPs were internalized, and the different morphologies of AuNPs showed to be an essential modulator of metabolic activity. For PC3 and DU145, the metabolic activity of AuNPs was found to rank in the following order from lowest to highest: AuNPsp-PEG, AuNPst-PEG, and AuNPr-PEG. Regarding LNCaP cells, the AuNPst-PEG were less toxic, followed by AuNPsp-PEG and AuNPr-PEG, but it seems not to be dose-dependent. The proliferation was lower in AuNPr-PEG in PC3 and DU145 cells but was stimulated around 10% in most conditions (0.001–0.1 mM) in LNCaP cells (not statistically significant). For 1 mM, LNCaP cells showed a significant decrease in proliferation only for AuNPr-PEG. The outcomes of the current study demonstrated that different AuNPs conformations influence cell behavior, and the correct size and shape must be chosen considering its final application in the field of nanomedicine.

Background: Propolis is a bee product used since ancient times due to its diverse biological applications. We aimed to investigate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory action of Brazilian propolis in THP-1 cells stimulated with 1‐fluoro‐2,4‐dinitrobenzene (DNFB) or lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Methods: Cell viability was assessed by resazurin assay, antioxidant activity was evaluated by DPPH assay, superoxide dismutase (SOD) 1 and 2 activity was evaluated by colorimetric assay. CD86 expression was determined by flow cytometry. IL-1β and HMOX-1 were analysed by Western blot. Results: Propolis did not affect cell viability and exhibited a potent antioxidant activity. Propolis alone induced SOD 1 activity. LPS stimulated SOD2, concomitantly or not with propolis. In the presence of LPS, propolis induced a higher HMOX-1 expression. Propolis inhibited CD86 expression stimulated by DNFB. LPS induced pro-IL-1β expression and propolis did not affect its action. Conclusion: Propolis exhibited an antioxidant action in a cell-free system and in a cell based-model. Propolis exerted an anti-inflammatory/antiallergic action, probably due to its antioxidant activity.

Objectives: To assess whether electronic records data could improve the efficiency, exhaustiveness, and representativeness of SSI surveillance by selecting a group of high-risk patients for manual review. Methods: Colorectal surgeries (2016–2018) and cholecystectomies (2017–2018) were selected. Post-surgical antibiotic use, positive culture, C-reactive protein (CRP) values, body temperature, leukocyte count, surgical re-intervention, admission to the emergency room, and hospital readmission were retrieved. For representativeness, procedures registered in HAI-Net were compared with non-included procedures, and the validity of each variable (or combination) was tested considering the presence of SSI as the gold standard. The proportion of procedures flagged for manual review by each criterion was estimated. Results: Little more than 50% of procedures were included in HAI-Net (SSI risk: 10.6% for colorectal and 2.9% for cholecystectomies). Non-included procedures showed higher proportions of infection markers. Antibiotic use and CRP >100 mg/dl presented the highest sensitivity for both surgical groups, while antibiotic use achieved the highest positive predictive value in both groups (22% and 21%, respectively) and flagged fewer colorectal procedures (47.7%). Conclusions: Current SSI surveillance has major limitations. Thus, the reported incidence seems unreliable and underestimated. Antibiotic use appears to be the best criterion to select a sub-sample of procedures for manual review, improving the exhaustiveness and efficiency of the system.

O Levantamento Batimétrico (LB) tem como objetivo a determinação e a representação gráfica do relevo topográfico de áreas submersas. O detalhamento dessas superfícies é uma inferência da disposição dos dados batimétricos e da precisão de aquisição destes dentro dos limites especificados para cada equipamento sonar de feixe único. Por conseguinte, a precisão dos Modelo Digitais de Elevação (MDEs) está relacionada a esses preceitos e, consequentemente, infere na precisão volumétrica de reservação. Durante o LB, realizado no pré-reservatório do Passaúna, localizado na região metropolitana de Curitiba-PR, planejou-se o espaçamento entre as Linhas Regulares de Sondagem (LRS) de 15 metros, este, no entanto, foi aumentando de 15 em 15 m até, conforme as orientações vigentes para esses ambientes, alcançar o espaçamento de 300 metros. E para cada conjunto de dados, determinou-se o MDE utilizando os interpoladores Kriging (KRG) e Inverse Distance Weighted (IDW). Em seguida, determinou-se os resíduos a partir da comparação entre as profundidades sondadas, obtidas nas linhas de verificação, com as profundidades interpoladas, advindas dos MDEs, onde obteve-se um Root Mean Square médio de 0,180 m nos MDEs com as LRS espaçadas de 15 até 105 metros gerados com os dados posicionadas com o WS3910 e interpoladas com o IDW. A partir da comparação entre os volumes advindos dos MDEs com o modelo computado com os dados batimétricos com as LRS espaçadas em 15m, obteve-se uma diferença volumétrica abaixo de -4,76% nos MDEs com LRS espaçadas de 30 metros até 180 metros.

Urban densification and severe housing deficit of the low and middle-income population have been worsening as the urbanization process grew. It is not uncommon that lower income population finds some shelter irregularly occupying riverine areas. Today, flood risk processes associated with river dynamics generate significant expenses and concerns for public management. In view of this, the main objective of this work is to develop a flood risk supporting tool, which deals with some of the current urban planning drawbacks, being simple and accessible even to cities with little technical and investment capacities. This tool results from a multi-criteria analysis, and it is represented by a quantitative index, called the Inundation Risk Index, varying from 0 to 100. This new index is capable of combining factors related to both the natural characteristics of the watershed, which respond to the physical susceptibility to flooding, simulating the hazard, and to socioeconomic characteristics of the population and of the region affected, representing the vulnerability. Once normalized, each of the factors that compose the index is operated, in a relatively simple formulation, composed of weighted sums and weighted products. The Inundation Risk Index was applied to a case study in the Bacanga river basin, in the municipality of São Luís-Maranhão State/Brazil. In this work, was used a hydrodynamic model to validate the hazard component of the index. The results obtained by the mathematical modeling are consistent with the situation measured by Inundation Risk Index, which are also consistent with real practical observations and historical reports.

Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo geral identificar a presença das coleções (de objetos e bibliográficas) que representem a história dos negros e as tradições culturais africanas no Brasil. Os objetivos específicos consistem em discorrer sobre o colecionismo; discutir a preservação da memória e cultura africana e afro-brasileira, além de destacar as principais unidades de informação com coleções que representam a cultura africana e afro-brasileira. Considera-se que a disseminação da memória africana e afro-brasileira é potencializada por essas coleções, pois colecionar artefatos e documentos que retratam a história e a cultura negra representa um ato de resistência e evidência das práticas culturais das populações negras. Tem uma abordagem teórico-bibliográfica, com propósito crítico e reflexivo pautado nas teorias do colecionismo e da memória. Foram identificadas dentro do contexto brasileiro por meio de mapeamentos as principais unidades de informações especializadas, a preservação em diversas tipologias de coleções que contribuem para conservação e fortalecimento da memória, história, cultura e identidade dos africanos e afro-brasileiros. Estas unidades colecionadoras podem ser assim classificadas: Centros de Estudos Africanos (6 instituições), Núcleos de Estudos Afro-brasileiros (139 instituições) e Museus afros (36 instituições), entre organizações públicas e privadas. Essas coleções são formadas por objetos informacionais que identificam períodos históricos, registrando um passado, o qual é recordado por meio da memória, intensificada pelos objetos, cujos significados, via representações, se fazem presentes na mente do indivíduo e dão sentido à experiência. Atreladas à s informações orais, as coleções representam valiosas fontes de informação e conhecimento. Portanto, os registros como relatos, inventários, objetos museológicos funcionam como informações primárias para desvendar e representar histórias e culturas passadas preservando a memória das populações de origem africana no Brasil. Para as futuras pesquisas é importante selecionar um museu privado para identificação dos objetos, reconstituição de sua origem e os significados tanto para o museu quanto para a comunidade ao seu redor.

This paper mainly tackles the training of Kaingang teachers in the south of Brazil. Methodologically funded on cartographical perspective, the study intends to show a historical movement that gradually breaks through the domination and tutelage practices enforced upon native people. Initiated by the Portuguese colonization, the domination practices were extended and deepened throughout the whole colonial period and specially on the 20th century, when the Brazilian government created more effective mechanisms for integrating the indigenous population into the national society, being among them the school education. Although the domination/subordination process has caused many damages to the autonomous existence of each indigenous community, we point out that there was also a strong, even if sometimes silent process of re-existence (resistance/re-existence), that became more evident and reverberant in the last two decades of the 20th century and during the 2000’s. The documental registries and historiographical studies here analyzed highlight the coy and sporadic state initiatives, in frequent agreement with religious orders, in the educational training of Kaingang teachers for the schools built in the indigenous lands. Changes begin to occur as of the Federal Constitution of 1988, that officially abolished the integration-seeking school education and tutelage, and legally supported the indigenous demands for a specific school, with teachers who belong to their people. In consequence, we see protagonist and autonomous indigenous acts, breaking the tutelary practices deployed under domination/submission contexts, and opening paths for autonomy concerning specific school education and indigenous teachers’ performance.

While financial statements are the primary source of information about a firm, they tend to be under earnings management practices, namely to avoid paying tax. Therefore, we aim to examine whether taxes still affect earning persistence in an era of prevalent digital information. For that purpose, we use book–tax differences considering the deductible temporary differences and the taxable temporary differences. In addition, we analyze which of the two earnings components are more affected by taxes, specifically cash flow or accruals. We estimate econometric regressions using panel data to test our hypotheses. Through a sample of 421 small- and medium-sized (SME) Portuguese firms, between 2016 and 2020, we found empirical evidence that earning persistence tends to be lower when deductible temporary differences increase, while taxable temporary differences produce no statically significant effect. Furthermore, our results suggest that cash flow component increases more earning persistence than accruals. Therefore, deductible temporary difference may be an indicator of earnings management activities in these firms. These results are relevant, given the potential negative consequences of earnings management for the efficient decision making of stakeholders and even more because SMEs represent a substantial number of firms in European countries, particularly in Portugal.

Plants must adapt to cope with adverse environmental conditions that affect their growth and development. To overcome these constraints, they can alter their developmental patterns by modulating cellular processes and activating stress-responsive signals. Alongside the activation of the antioxidant (AOX) system, a high number of genes are expressed, and proteins must be distributed to the correct locations within the cell. The endomembrane system and associated vesicles thus play an important role. Several pathways have been associated with adverse environmental conditions, which is the case for the exocyst-positive organelle—EXPO. The present work, using Arabidopsis mutants with T-DNA insertions in the gene EXO70, essential for EXPO vesicles formation, was designed to characterise the anatomical (morphology and root length), biochemical (quantification of stress markers and antioxidant system components), and molecular responses (gene expression) to abiotic stresses (saline, drought, oxidative, and metal-induced toxicity). The results obtained showed that mutant plants behave differently from the wild type (WT) plants. Therefore, in the exo70 mutant, morphological changes were more noticeable in plants under stress, and the non-enzymatic component of the antioxidant system was activated, with no alterations to the enzymatic component. Furthermore, other defence strategies, such as autophagy, did not show important changes. These results confirmed the EXPO as an important structure for tolerance/adaptation to stress.

RESUMO Este artigo tem por objetivo fazer um recuo histórico sobre o processo de consolidação do debate entre avaliação, qualidade e gênero nas políticas públicas de Educação Infantil para, então, apresentar alguns aspectos dos Indicadores de Qualidade da Educação Infantil Paulistana, um instrumento de autoavaliação institucional participativa (AIP) que insere gênero como parte das dimensões de qualidade. Qualidade é entendida como negociada e um conceito em disputa (BONDIOLI, 2004; MOSS, 2002; DAHLBERG; MOSS; PENCE, 2003). Consideramos imprescindível destacar, entre os achados da pesquisa, a configuração dessa política de avaliação de qualidade elaborada por mulheres-professoras que compartilhavam de concepções teóricas de infâncias e Educação Infantil consensuadas nos documentos nacionais e internacionais da área a partir da perspectiva de gênero (SCOTT, 1988). Em uma dimensão que nasce com a demanda por questões raciais, a dimensão de gênero entra na intersecção. O grupo de mulheres-professoras responsável pela construção desta dimensão específica, nomeadas “guardiãs da questão”, utilizou-se do documento como um instrumento de luta e, como opção política, pautou as diferenças e as desigualdades de gênero e étnico-raciais na Educação Infantil de São Paulo. Nesse sentido, suas reflexões nos colocam alguns importantes desafios para a intersecção necessária entre avaliação, gênero e qualidade na Educação Infantil.

Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o estado nutricional em diferentes fases de vida escolar de crianças das escolas da rede municipal do município de Montes Claros – GO. Trata-se de um estudo do tipo observacional descritivo, com corte transversal. Os dados foram obtidos por meio de entrevista, utilizando um questionário semiestruturado, com aplicação individualizada. Inicialmente foram coletados dados de idade, posteriormente foi realizada a avaliação antropométrica, caracterizada pela avaliação da estatura, peso, índice de Massa corporal (IMC) os quais foram verificados por meio de fita métrica, estadiômetro e balança digital e calculadora. Os escolares foram divididos em 5 grupos de acordo com a faixa etária estabelecida pelo Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar (PNAE) sendo destes 370 (48,62%) do gênero feminino e 391 (51,38%) masculinos. Inicialmente os grupos apresentaram uma faixa de eutrofia 82% para meninos e 74,13% para meninas, com o avanço da idade foi possível observar uma redução de estado nutricional adequado para 61,34% nos meninos e 55,68% nas meninas, resultado esse, evidencia a transição nutricional pela qual o país tem passado. A presença do profissional nutricionista guiado pelas diretrizes do PNAE é um fator fundamental para a manutenção do estado nutricional adequado dos escolares.

Scarlet fever is essentially a childhood disease, although it may occur in all ages. Early diagnosis and treatment are essential in preventing the spread of infection and progression to life-threatening complications. The case presented describes the clinical difficulty in the diagnosis of scarlet fever in an adult patient with acute involvement of the airway (oedematous laryngitis) and the need for emergent orotracheal intubation and eventually tracheotomy. A high degree of suspicion related to the airway involvement is of utmost importance in an emergency room setting.

While nanomaterials offer wide-ranging solutions, their intensified use causes environmental contamination, posing ecotoxicological risks to several organisms, including plants. It becomes important to understand the phytotoxicity of NMs and find sustainable strategies to enhance plant tolerance to these emerging contaminants. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the potential of ascorbic acid (AsA) in increasing the tolerance of in vitro grown tomato seedlings to nickel oxide nanomaterials (nano-NiO). Seeds of Solanum lycopersicum cv. Micro-Tom were germinated in culture medium containing 30 mg/L nano-NiO, 150 mg/L AsA, or a combination of both. A control situation was included. Surprisingly, single AsA administration in the medium impaired the growth of tomato seedlings and increased the lipid peroxidation of biomembranes. Nonetheless, plant development was more severely repressed by nano-NiO, with evident macroscopic effects that did not translate into serious redox disorders. Still, proline and AsA levels diminished in response to nano-NiO, while glutathione and phenols increased. Despite the negative effects of AsA on non-stressed plants, nano-NiO-induced stress was counteracted by AsA supply, with enhanced levels of glutathione and phenols. Overall, the supplementation with AsA proved to be a “blessing in disguise” for plants under nano-NiO-induced stress, improving antioxidant capacity and activating other defense mechanisms.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), a condition strongly associated with obesity and insulin resistance, is characterized by hepatic lipid accumulation and activation of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response. The sirtuin 2 (SIRT2) protein deacetylase is emerging as a new player in metabolic homeostasis, but its role in the development of hepatic steatosis and its link with ER stress activation remains unknown. SIRT2-knockout (SIRT2-KO) and wild-type mice were fed either a control or a high-fat diet (HFD) for 4 weeks. Genetic manipulation of SIRT2 levels was performed in human hepatic cells. Although apparently normal under a control diet, SIRT2-KO mice showed accelerated body weight gain and adiposity on a HFD, accompanied by severe insulin resistance. Importantly, SIRT2-KO mice exhibited worsened hepatic steatosis independently from diet, consistent with upregulated gene expression of lipogenic enzymes and increased expression of ER stress markers. Exposure of hepatic cells to palmitate induced lipid accumulation, increased ER stress, and decreased SIRT2 expression. Moreover, SIRT2-silenced cells showed enhanced lipid accumulation and ER stress activation under basal conditions, whereas SIRT2 overexpression abrogated palmitate-induced lipid deposition and ER stress activation. Our findings reveal a role for SIRT2 in the regulation of hepatic lipid homeostasis, potentially through the ER stress response, suggesting that SIRT2 activation might constitute a therapeutic strategy against obesity and its metabolic complications.

Enquadramento: a inteligência emocional (IE) é o conjunto de capacidades do indivíduo para identificar, gerir e entender as suas próprias emoções e de se auto motivar perante situações constrangedoras e geradoras de conflitos. Reflete as atitudes e comportamentos do profissional perante diferentes contextos tendo impacte na qualidade da sua atuação. Objetivos: descrever a IE dos enfermeiros na área do cuidado ao doente crítico e identificar as estratégias comportamentais utilizadas pelos mesmos. Metodologia: estudo qualitativo, descritivo e exploratório. A recolha de dados foi realizada através de um focus group com 8 enfermeiros peritos no cuidado ao doente crítico. Resultados: emergiram 6 categorias relativas à IE dos enfermeiros na área do cuidado ao doente crítico: profissionalismo, relações interpessoais, organização do serviço, partilha de emoções, gestão do trabalho e autocontrolo emocional. Conclusão: como estratégias utilizadas identificou-se a partilha de emoções entre pares, a gestão do tempo para debater as situações existentes durante o horário laboral, a capacidade de autocontrolo emocional, a adaptabilidade ao meio e a forma como se estabelece a relação com o cliente.

Bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) membranes, with remarkable physical and mechanical properties, emerged as a versatile biopolymeric carrier of bioactive compounds for skin care applications. In this study, BNC membranes were loaded with glycerol (as plasticizer and humectant agent) and different doses (1–3 μg cm−2) of an aqueous extract obtained from the hydro-distillation of Eucalyptus globulus Labill. leaves (HDE), for application as sheet facial masks. All membranes are resistant and highly malleable at dry and wet states, with similar or even better mechanical properties than those of a commercial BNC mask. Moreover, the HDE was found to confer a dose-dependent antioxidant activity to pure BNC. Additionally, upon 3 months of storage at 22–25 °C and 52% relative humidity (RH) or at 40 °C and 75% RH, it was confirmed that the antioxidant activity and the macroscopic aspect of the membrane with 2 μg cm−2 of HDE were maintained. Membranes were also shown to be non-cytotoxic towards HaCaT and NIH/3T3 cells, and the membrane with 2 μg cm−2 of HDE caused a significant reduction in the senescence-associated β-galactosidase activity in NIH/3T3 cells. These findings suggest the suitability and potential of the obtained membranes as bioactive facial masks for anti-aging applications.

O presente estudo teve como objetivo investigar a formação continuada, ofertada pela Secretaria Municipal de Educação (SMED) de Pelotas em parceria com a Escola Superior de Educação Física da Universidade Federal de Pelotas (ESEF/UFPel), como possibilidade de aprimoramento profissional de seus participantes. Trata-se de um estudo de natureza qualitativa, desenvolvido com quatro professores concursados de Educação Física da rede pública municipal de Pelotas, no Rio Grande do Sul, que atenderam ao critério de ter participado das formações continuadas de rugby, hóquei, punhobol e beisebol ofertadas pela SMED em parceria com ESEF/UFPel nos anos de 2017 e 2018. O instrumento utilizado para coleta das informações foi uma entrevista semiestruturada aplicada individualmente aos professores. Como principais resultados encontrados destacam-se a importância da formação continuada em relação ao conhecimento e aplicação de modalidades esportivas até então não convencionais nas escolas e a influência da formação no sentido de um estímulo à promoção e participação em festivais esportivos de cunho escolar. Portanto, através das formações, foi possível propiciar uma ressignificação do ensino do esporte no ambiente escolar, ao instigar o fomento de modalidades esportivas não convencionais, assim como a oferta de espaços para competição escolar.

O texto apresenta um panorama histórico sobre os processos de escolarização kaingang no Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, de meados do século XIX ao limiar do século XXI, a fim de compreender como esse povo se relacionou com as iniciativas escolares propostas por missionários (jesuítas e capuchinhos) e pelo Estado (tanto do governo local, quanto central), destacando como atuaram (e seguem atuando) na relação com a instituição escolar; assenta-se em fontes bibliográficas, documentos oficiais do Estado e publicações de intelectuais indígenas. À luz da Nova História Indígena, conclui-se que os kaingang foram agentes ativos em seu processo de escolarização e atuaram de diferentes formas frente à escola: negando-a, interessando-se por ela e negociando possibilidades.

The production of extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) is the main defense mechanism found in Gram negative bacteria. Among all the ESBLs, the CTX-M enzymes appear as the most efficient in terms of dissemination in different epidemiological contexts. CTX-M enzymes exhibit a striking plasticity, with a large number of allelic variants distributed in several sublineages, which can be associated with functional heterogeneity of clinical relevance. This observational analytical study provides an update of this family, currently with more than 200 variants described, from a phylogenetic, molecular, and structural point of view through homology in amino acid sequences. Our data, combined with described literature, provide phylogenetic and structural evidence of a new group. Thus, herein, we propose six groups among CTX-M enzymes: the already stablished CTX-M-1, CTX-M-2, CTX-M-8, CTX-M-9, and CTX-M-25 clusters, as well as CTX-M-151 as the new cluster.

Plant cells face many changes through their life cycle and develop several mechanisms to cope with adversity. Stress caused by environmental factors is turning out to be more and more relevant as the human population grows and plant cultures start to fail. As eukaryotes, plant cells must coordinate several processes occurring between compartments and combine different pathways for protein transport to several cellular locations. Conventionally, these pathways begin at the ER, or endoplasmic reticulum, move through the Golgi and deliver cargo to the vacuole or to the plasma membrane. However, when under stress, protein trafficking in plants is compromised, usually leading to changes in the endomembrane system that may include protein transport through unconventional routes and alteration of morphology, activity and content of key organelles, as the ER and the vacuole. Such events provide the tools for cells to adapt and overcome the challenges brought on by stress. With this review, we gathered fragmented information on the subject, highlighting how such changes are processed within the endomembrane system and how it responds to an ever-changing environment. Even though the available data on this subject are still sparse, novel information is starting to untangle the complexity and dynamics of protein transport routes and their role in maintaining cell homeostasis under harsh conditions.

This paper aims at exploring a methodological instrument – the accident journey charts –, depicting their structure and the challenges and potential related to their use. The accident journey charts were designed under the scope of a research which focused on the analysis of the circumstances and consequences the work accidents have on the individuals and on the back-to-work process. Additionally, the accident journey charts took an exploratory role in looking at processes of reconstruction of experiences after a work accident, focusing on the institutional path the injured people had to follow. Their use, within the study, was determinant to reveal and depict the paths and journeys of the injured workers after an accident, through the temporal reconstruction of a story and a health event – the accident. It also contributed to a better understanding of the accident’s impact on the injured workers’ life (on the institutional path, on the interactions that took place, and on the feelings and emotions they have been through).

This paper discusses the obstacles the injured workers have to face upon their return to work after the accident. Two studies developed in Portugal support the analysis and the reflection on this issue. One of the studies is the outcome of a request from a company settled in the North of Portugal involving the workers with medical restrains to perform their usual work. The order consisted in an intervention to define an alternative work context. The other study, ordered by the Associação Nacional dos Deficientes e Sinistrados do Trabalho [National Association of Disabled Workers Injured On-the-job], aimed at depicting the workers’ post-accident paths from different activity sectors. Three main categories of obstacles emerge from the findings, namely, when the workers return to the same function with no prior analysis and planning; when the content of the job is assigned without taking the workers’ opinion into account; and when the return neglects the need for the collective work to be reorganized. The concept of the work accident as a turning point in the professional path is reinforced. The implications are always unique and the analysis to that singularity makes it possible to sign specific intervention proposals beyond the individual paths.

Gender relations gained greater visibility in the fight against several forms of inequality within the most recent educational policies. However, a setback against the gender agenda neglects its mention in many educational policy documents, such as education plans, and controls school practices. Against this tendency and intertwined with tensions and contradictions, occurred in the context of Child Education in the city of São Paulo an opposite movement: the inclusion of gender in the construction of Quality Indicator for Child Education of the city of São Paulo. a public policy was defined in which gender was introduced as a dimension of quality. Therefore, this paper, part of a doctoral research, is based on the theoretical articulations between Joan Scott and Norbert Elias in order to analyze the process of construction of this public educational policy that leads to Child Education a controversial theme, such as gender relations, and supposes the examination of the game of disputes, tensions, concessions and challenges that shaped such policy.

This paper aims at exploring a case study of a group of teachers of the 2 nd Cycle of Basic Education, for pupils aged 10 and 11 according to the Portuguese Education System, who belong to the disciplinary group of Visual and Technological Education. The analysis is twofold: it focuses on the one hand on understanding the changes in the work activity and the constraints that resulted from changes in education implemented at national level; and on the other hand on the identification of regulatory strategies developed by the teachers. Based on the fieldwork (individual interviews, activity analysis, documentary analysis) there is evidence of variations and constraints, as a result from the changes, both in the teachers' activity (e.g. increase in the workload) and in their health (e.g. tiredness, anxiety, disappointment). In order to face the constraints they were experiencing, the teachers developed individual, but also group regulatory strategies, demonstrating the protective and supportive effect the group had in the continuity of the work and in the preservation of these teachers' health.

Adverse conditions caused by abiotic stress modulate plant development and growth by altering morphological and cellular mechanisms. Plants’ responses/adaptations to stress often involve changes in the distribution and sorting of specific proteins and molecules. Still, little attention has been given to the molecular mechanisms controlling these rearrangements. We tested the hypothesis that plants respond to stress by remodelling their endomembranes and adapting their trafficking pathways. We focused on the molecular machinery behind organelle biogenesis and protein trafficking under abiotic stress conditions, evaluating their effects at the subcellular level, by looking at ultrastructural changes and measuring the expression levels of genes involved in well-known intracellular routes. The results point to a differential response of the endomembrane system, showing that the genes involved in the pathway to the Protein Storage Vacuole and the exocyst-mediated routes are upregulated. In contrast, the ones involved in the route to the Lytic Vacuole are downregulated. These changes are accompanied by morphological alterations of endomembrane compartments. The data obtained demonstrate that plants’ response to abiotic stress involves the differential expression of genes related to protein trafficking machinery, which can be connected to the activation/deactivation of specific intracellular sorting pathways and lead to alterations in the cell ultrastructure.

Neste artigo debate-se a questão da educação literária e apresenta-se a implementação de uma proposta didática, para a exploração na sala de aula, de um livro de literatura para a infância, num entendimento de que a educação literária pressupõe a aprendizagem das convenções do texto literário e a promoção de uma relação de prazer entre o texto literário e a criança. Esta proposta didática foi implementada no trabalho de campo desenvolvido, como um processo de iniciação à dimensão investigativa da prática profissional, numa turma de 2.º ano. Os objetivos da proposta didática eram desenvolver nas crianças o gosto pelo livro de literatura para a infância e pela leitura; estimular a imaginação, a criatividade, a capacidade de reflexão e o espírito crítico das crianças; promover uma relação de afeto, de prazer entre as crianças e o livro literário. Para a recolha dos dados foram utilizadas a observação participante e as notas de campo. A exploração da obra, a adesão das crianças à obra e a esta exploração, o seu envolvimento emocional, patente nas suas respostas, permitiu-nos concluir que a educação literária, na infância e na escola, pode ser uma realidade.

Experimental evidence highlights nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2) as a molecular target in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The well-known effect of electrophilic cysteine-reactive skin allergens on Nrf2-activation led to the hypothesis that these compounds could have a therapeutic role in AD. This was further supported by the neuroprotective activity of the skin allergen dimethyl fumarate (DMF), demonstrated in in vivo models of neurodegenerative diseases. We evaluated the effect of the cysteine-reactive allergens 1,4-phenylenediamine (PPD) and methyl heptine carbonate (MHC) on (1) neuronal redox imbalance and calcium dyshomeostasis using N2a wild-type (N2a-wt) and human APP-overexpressing neuronal cells (wild-type, N2a-APPwt) and (2) on neuroinflammation, using microglia BV-2 cells exposed to LPS (lipopolysaccharide). Phthalic anhydride (PA, mainly lysine-reactive), was used as a negative control. DMF, PPD and MHC increased Hmox1 gene and HMOX1 protein levels in N2a-APPwt cells suggesting Nrf2-dependent antioxidant activity. MHC, but also PA, rescued N2a-APPwt mitochondrial membrane potential and calcium levels in a Nrf2-independent pathway. All the chemicals showed anti-inflammatory activity by decreasing iNOS protein in microglia. This work highlights the potential neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory role of the selected skin allergens in in vitro models of AD, and supports further studies envisaging the validation of the results using in vivo AD models.

RESUMO: Com base em pesquisa sobre assexualidade, este artigo traz reflexões sobre os limites e as possibilidades do uso de entrevistas por e-mail. Com o objetivo de alcançar pessoas autoidentificadas como assexuais - em diferentes lugares do Brasil - a investigação que deu origem ao artigo utilizou o e-mail como ferramenta metodológica. Este artigo apresenta os desafios da realização de entrevistas por e-mail diante da ausência de pistas sociais como gestos, entonação de voz e linguagem corporal. Também expõe as vantagens ao possibilitar maior alcance geográfico dos sujeitos, ao permitir a participação de pessoas que - por diferentes motivos - não concederiam entrevista presencialmente; e ao viabilizar o contato com uma autoidentificação nascida e difundida nos meios virtuais. Esses aspectos evidenciam o fortalecimento das tecnologias de informação e comunicação como instâncias socializadoras no processo de construção identitária na contemporaneidade e a contribuição do acesso à internet para o enriquecimento da pesquisa sobre assexualidade.

Este artigo explora a relação entre Estado e movimentos sociais na produção de políticas públicas de educação voltadas para o gênero e para a diversidade sexual. Esta reflexão toma como fontes principais duas investigações mais recentes voltadas para a compreensão da introdução do gênero e da diversidade sexual nas políticas públicas de educação no Brasil, no governo de Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva: uma tese de livre docência (VIANNA, 2011) e outro trabalho que verificou como as políticas voltadas para o currículo foram compreendidas, apropriadas e implementadas por professoras e professores de escolas públicas do estado de São Paulo (VIANNA, 2012). A intenção deste artigo foi olhar a produção dessas políticas a partir das tensões presentes na interlocução do governo Lula com demandas sociais por diminuição da desigualdade e construção de direitos sociais advindas do movimento LGBT (Lésbicas, Gays, Bissexuais, Transexuais e Transgêneros). Ao discutir ganhos, perdas e desafios futuros, o texto destaca as contradições presentes no processo de interlocução entre o governo e o movimento LGBT. Quando o governo introduz demandas de gênero e diversidade sexual na educação, parece querer valorizar o tema sem considerar as relações de poder que determinam os parâmetros tradicionais que sustentam as relações de gênero e as identidades docentes no cotidiano escolar.