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A pesquisa foi conduzida com objetivo de avaliar o efeito residual de diferentes fontes lipídicas na dieta de codornas japonesas (Coturnix japonica) na fase de recria sob o desempenho e a qualidade de ovos na fase inicial de postura. Na primeira etapa foram utilizadas 400 codornas japonesas com idade de 21 dias, as aves foram distribuídas em tratamentos seguindo um delineamento inteiramente casualizado com dez repetições, de oito aves, em cinco tratamentos: ração basal (RB) com 2,5% de óleo de soja, RB com 2,5 % de óleo de milho, RB com 2,5% de óleo algodão, RB com 2,5% de óleo de girassol e RB com 2,5% de óleo de canola. Aos 42 dias mantendo o delineamento inicial, todas aves receberam ração basal com óleo de soja, para que fosse avaliado o efeito residual da fase anterior sobre o desempenho e a qualidade dos ovos na fase inicial de postura (43 - 84 dias). As diferentes fontes lipídicas não afetaram o desempenho das aves na fase inicial de produção. Para a qualidade dos ovos, os parâmetros de altura, diâmetro e índice de gema, gravidade e UH foram melhores no tratamento com utilização de óleo de girassol. Houve efeito residual da utilização de fontes lipídicas de origem vegetal na dieta em fase de recria de codornas japonesas sobre as características da qualidade dos ovos. As fontes lipídicas oriundas das sementes de soja, milho, algodão, canola e girassol podem ser utilizadas como ingredientes energéticos na dieta de recria de codornas poedeiras por não serem prejudiciais ao desempenho inicial das aves. A longevidade na produção dos ovos das aves alimentadas com diferentes fontes lipídicas na fase de recria foi semelhante. Palavras-chave: Efeito residual; fase de postura; óleos vegetais; repercussão da postura.

This study aims to evaluate the effects of the inclusion of different homoeopathic products on the diet of laying quails. We used 200 Japanese quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica) distributed in a completely randomized design consisting of the adoption of four experimental diets, with eight replicates of five quails each. The treatments were control (without additives), calcium carbonate (vehicle used in the products), Fertsigo®, and Ovosigo®. We determined the performance, egg quality, and blood biochemical profile of quails. The data were submitted to Tukey test at 5% probability. There was a significant effect of the homeopathic products Fertsigo® and Ovosigo® on the variables egg weight, yolk, albumen, and shell percentage. It did not affect the performance and blood biochemical profile (p > 0.05). The addition of the homoeopathic product Ovosigo® and FertSigo® in diets of Japanese quails at the laying phase is recommended because they resulted in the better weight of the egg and its components. Thus, the application of homoeopathy in the production of quails is a viable practice, since it is easy to manage, has a reduced cost, and exerts positive effects on the performance of quails.

Glycerin is a by-product from the biodiesel chain whose energy value can be beneficial to pig diets. In this study, eight barrows were distributed individually into metabolic cages in a completely randomized block design. The animals were fed diets containing 0, 5, 10 and 15% glycerin from soybean oil and subjected to the methods of total feces and urine collection and chromic oxide marker. We determined the digestibility coefficients (DC); the dietary levels of digestible dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP), mineral matter (MM), ether extract (EE), an neutral detergent fiber (NDF); digestible energy (DE); metabolizable energy (ME); and these last two variables corrected for the nitrogen content (DEn and MEn). Digestible OM values increased linearly with glycerin inclusion in the diets. The digestible CP of the diets showed an inversely proportional relationship with glycerin inclusion levels. Digestible MM decreased linearly when determined by the total collection method and quadratically when determined by the marker method. There was a linear increase in the digestible and metabolizable coefficients of energy, DE, DEn, ME and MEn of the diets as the glycerin inclusion level was increased. Inclusion of up to 15% glycerin obtained from soybean oil production increased the digestible fractions of organic matter and energy of the diets.

Pre-slaughter handling of pigs established properly is very important, not only from the point of view of welfare, but also for the quality of meat. The aim of present research was to evaluate the effect of gender and density of pigs during their transport to the abattoir on the skin temperature and carcass and meat quality. Were used 192 (115.54 ± 6.03 kg) finishing pigs to investigate the effects of gender (barrows and gilts) and transport densities for slaughter (236, 251, and 275 kg/m²) on the skin temperature and carcass and meat quality. Average skin temperature between genders and transport densities at any point of time during pre-slaughter did not differ. Skin temperatures before unloading had the highest average value relative to all other time points, followed by immediately after unloading and remaining the same for the next 2 h. Lowest skin temperature value was registered on pigs at the pre-slaughter time followed by farm and at loading times. Pigs transported with different densities did not show differences for the skin carcass lesions. Meat from pigs transported at 275 kg/m² presented higher frequency of red, soft, exudative (RSE) and lower of red, firm, non-exudative (RFN) classes as compared to those for other densities. Animals transported at 236 and 251 kg/m² did not differ as the frequency of RSE and RFN meat. Skin temperature of pigs oscillate along the pre-slaughter times and the pre-slaughter transport of pigs at 236 and 251 kg/m² generates less frequency classes of faulty pork, although difference in the densities did not have any effect on the skin temperature and skin lesions.

Biscuit bran can be alternatively used as a partial or total substitute for conventional ingredients, however, it is necessary to evaluate the impact of its inclusion. Thus, this study aimed at evaluating the inclusion of biscuit bran in diets of lactating sows. A total of 16 lactating sows was used in a completely randomized design, with four treatments and each sow being considered an experimental unit. Treatments consisted of inclusions of 0%, 10%, 20% and 30% of biscuit bran composed by 50% of cream and salt and water crackers and 50% of buttered, chocolate and related biscuits. The weight, weight loss and weight variation, at the end of the lactation period, did not differ statistically for the different biscuit bran inclusion levels. Treatments did not affect the ration consumption, milk yield and bacon thickness of sows or the litter performance. The economic analysis showed better values for diets containing 20% and 30% of biscuit bran. It was concluded that the inclusion of biscuit bran was viable up to 30%, in diets for lactating sows, without affecting the sow and litter performance.

Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar e realizar um levantamento sobre as condições do manejo pré-abate de suínos na região de Sinop-MT. Foram acompanhados vinte eventos do embarque dos suínos na granja ao desembarque em oito granjas totalizando 2.318 suínos, e submetidos ao mesmo tipo de veículo de transporte e unidade frigorífica. Em cada carregamento, dados sobre as características das condições de acesso rodoviário à granja, do embarcadouro e das estradas; tempo de jejum; manejo de embarque e desembarque, densidade e perdas pelo transporte foram coletados. Para a análise de dados consideram-se as características construtivas dos embarcadouros, o uso de objetos e de comportamento aversivo de colaboradores durante o embarque e desembarque analisados pela frequência relativa, enquanto as características de embarque, transporte, desembarque e perdas causadas pelo transporte analisados através de estatística descritiva. Diante desse levantamento, verificou-se que 50% das granjas apresentam fácil acesso, 83,3% das granjas possuíam embarcadouro de madeira, 85% das rampas de embarque possuíam ranhuras, apresentando-se em estado de conservação médio ou bom, e 57,14% com inclinação inferior a 20º. Foi observada média de quatro colaboradores em cada carregamento e variação em relação a densidades no transporte, tempo de percurso e a relação de percurso de rodovias não pavimentadas. O manejo pré-abate de suínos na região estudada apresenta características como jejum, densidade, número de colaboradores e perda de peso ao transporte próximo aos padrões conhecidos, no entanto, é preciso rever procedimentos como tempo de percurso entre granja e frigorifico e uso de objetos e conduta ao embarque dos animais.

Resumo. Avaliou-se a densidade mineral óssea de perus de corte submetidos a vacinação contra cocidiose. Utilizou-se 420 perus de corte de um dia, divididos em 4 tratamentos com 5 repetições: T1 – dieta controle; T2 – dieta e drogas anticoccidianas; T3 – dieta controle e vacina comercial; T4 – dieta controle e vacina recombinante. A vacinação foi realizada via ração, no oitavo dia de vida das aves, que foram alojadas com densidade recomendadas no manual da linhagem. Aos 28 dias as aves foram submetidas ao desafio de coccidiose, realizado inoculação de oocistos replicados diretamente no esôfago das aves. A qualidade óssea foi avaliada aos 21, 35, 49 e 72 dias de idade. Para isso, foram coletadas 8 aves por tratamento, em cada idade de coleta, que foram sacrificadas por deslocamento cervical. As tíbias e os fêmures foram radiografados e tomografados para avaliação da densidade óssea, posteriormente foram avaliados os teores de matéria seca, cinzas ósseas, cálcio e de fósforo. Houve diferenças apenas entre as idades, sendo que os tratamentos não causaram alterações das características ósseas. Aos 56 dias as aves apresentaram pior qualidade óssea. Os tratamentos não influenciaram os parâmetros estudados. O que permite concluir que a vacinação contra coccidiose promove boa mineralização dos ossos.

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to determine the nutritional value of glycerin for pigs using different inclusion levels of this test ingredient and the methodologies of total collection and chromium oxide marker. Eight barrows were distributed individually into metabolic cages, in a randomized-block experimental design, and fed diets containing 0, 50, 100, and 150 g kg−1 plant-derived crude glycerin. The feed digestibility methodologies of total feces and urine collection and chromium oxide marker were analyzed. Inclusion of up to 150 g kg−1 crude glycerin improved the digestibility coefficients of organic matter and energy of the diets. The collection method based on the use of chromium oxide marker underestimates the digestibility coefficient of ash and the energy values of glycerin in relation to the total collection method, but yields similar results to those obtained with the total collection method for the dry matter, organic matter, crude protein, ether extract, and neutral detergent fiber assessed.

ABSTRACT We investigated the influence of poultry rearing factors, including strain, type of ventilation, and sex on the slaughter characteristics of broiler chickens. Factorial analysis of mixed data was employed to analyze the data from broiler flocks slaughtered between 2018 and 2020 in Mato Grosso do Sul, comprising 2,684 flocks and 82,486,500 birds. The characterization information considered included age at slaughter, average weight, date of slaughter, percentage of pododermatitis, percentage of scratches, percentage of pre-slaughter condemnations, percentage of slaughter condemnations, percentage of total condemnation, percentage of field mortality, type of ventilation, strain, and sex. The factorial analysis of mixed data aimed to identify the relationships between pre-slaughter factors and slaughter characteristics. Five main components, explaining 85.5% of the total data variance, were derived from the analysis. Age, generated value per kilo of product, and percentage of pre-slaughter condemnations exhibited positive correlations. Negative pressure ventilation was found to be more closely associated with the percentage of pododermatitis, while the dark house system showed a stronger association with the percentage of total condemnation and percentage of pre-slaughter condemnation. The Cobb strain and female sex were found to be more strongly related to the generated value of the product. Strain, sex, and type of ventilation were identified as decisive factors influencing the characteristics of meat yields and the economic results of poultry activity in slaughterhouses. Moreover, it was observed that percentages of scratches and pododermatitis were negatively correlated with the value generated ($/kg) by broiler flocks, and they were more closely associated with positive pressure ventilation systems, Ross strain, mixtures of strains within the same flock, and male chickens. It was possible to prove the strong interdependence between the rearing stage of broiler chickens and the slaughterhouse, which needs to be considered in decision making by agroindustry to achieve an ideal rearing model.

ABSTRACT This study aimed to analyze the economic viability of the implementation of a mechanized harvesting of broilers where the activity is carried out entirely manually. The viability indicators used were net present value (NPV), net future value (NFV), net uniform value (NUV), discounted payback (DP), and internal rate of return (IRR). Scenario analysis, sensitivity, and Monte Carlo simulation were performed in the present study. The results showed that the initial investment was US$ 1,868,302.76. The average price paid by the slaughterhouse to third-party manual harvesting companies was US$ 18.17 per thousand broilers, which was converted into revenue in the cash flow of the project. The cash flow result was positive at US$ 22,256.14 over the entire study period considering a daily catch of 144 thousand broilers. The results of the economic viability analysis were NPV of US$ 64,786.23, NFV of US$ 333,382.11, NUV of US$ 735.19, DP of 13.82 years, IRR of 0.965 monthly, and modified IRR of 0.933 monthly. These values prove the economic viability of implementing the project considering the market conditions at the time of the study. The analysis of scenarios showed great sensitivity to the exchange rate and the price of fuels. The Monte Carlo simulation highlighted a moderate risk of negative NPV, emphasizing the importance of considering this variable when making decisions. Despite these challenges, the potential benefits of mechanized harvesting, such as increased efficiency and reduced labor costs, make it a promising alternative to manual harvesting, even for small to medium-sized poultry industries.

The aim was to study the evolution and severity of white striping and wooden breast myopathies and to carry out a study on the parameters of meat quality and allometric growth of male and female broilers at different ages. The experiment was conducted in a broiler house in a completely randomized design, using 960 one-day-old chicks of the Cobb® strain, with 480 chicks of each sex. 96 birds per treatment were slaughtered weekly at the age of 21 to 49 days. The present study analyses the occurrence of myopathies, their scores, and their evolution over the age of the birds, comparing males and females. Further assessments included the allometric coefficient and meat quality analyses such as physical measurements (breast length, width, and thickness), pH, colour (L*, a*, and b*), drip loss, water-holding capacity, cooking loss, and shear force. The results demonstrate that the sex of birds did not affect the occurrence of white striping and wooden breast myopathies. However, the degree of myopathies evolved with advancing age, suggesting the weight as a predisposing factor for these myopathies. The emergence of white striping myopathy occurred as early as in the third week of the birds' life. Wooden breast did not develop as isolated myopathy, occurring only in the concomitant presence of white striping. The allometric coefficient demonstrated that regardless of the sex and age, broiler breast had positive heterogonic growth, i.e. late growth in relation to the other parts of the body.

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to determine the energy values and metabolizability of different lipid sources in the diet of Japanese quail at the laying phase. The quail were distributed in a completely randomized design with ten replications of seven poultry per treatment, totaling six treatments: basal feed (control) and basal feed containing 10% soybean oil, corn oil, canola oil, sunflower oil, and poultry fat. The values of nitrogen-corrected apparent metabolizable energy (AMEn) and the metabolizability coefficient (MC%) were evaluated. No significant difference was found between the different lipid sources for AMEn (kcal/kg) and MC (%). The value of metabolizable energy corrected for nitrogen for soybean oil was 8,790 kcal/kg; 8,773 kcal/kg for corn oil; 8,784 kcal/kg for canola oil; 8,788 kcal/kg for sunflower oil; and 8,681 kcal/kg for poultry fat in laying Japanese quail. The digestibility coefficients were 93.88% for soybean oil, 93.53% for corn oil, 93.32% for canola oil, 93.74% for sunflower oil, and 93.06% for poultry fat.

Wooden breast myopathy (WB) strongly affects the poultry industry mainly in terms of consumers rejection and economical loses, due to morphological changes in broiler muscle tissue and consequently low meat quality. The aim of this study is to evaluate the histomorphometry of muscle fibers of breast fillets of broilers with severity levels of WB myopathy. The histological evaluation considered 30 samples of the pectoralis major muscle and the level of WB myopathy (ten normal fillets, ten moderate fillets, and ten severe fillets). Fillets with a severe level of WB present low average fiber number, high average fiber diameter, low percentage of fibers with diameter of less than 20 µm, low percentage of fibers with diameter between 20 and 40 µm, and high percentage of fibers with diameter between 40 and 70 µm. Fiber cross-sectional area is greater in fillets affected by moderate and severe WB. Thus, fillets with a severe level of WB damage the muscle fiber structure and contribute more severely to the degenerative processes of breast meat.

ABSTRACT The objective of the present research was to study the incidence of broiler carcass condemnations over eleven years and identify the productive phase that causes greater loss in slaughter process. The origin of these condemnations was determined before and after fasting. Evaluated broilers were reared in positive pressure warehouses and slaughtered between 28 and 34 days old with carcass weight ranging from 0.7 to 1.4 kg. Fasting occurred, on average, 9 h before the slaughter. Condemnation and slaughter data were collected from 2004 to 2014 in a slaughterhouse with slaughter capacity of 120,000 broilers/day. The causes of rearing condemnations were airsaccullitis, arthritis, abscess, ascites, cachexia, cellulitis, colibacillosis, dermatosis, salpingitis, hemorrhagic syndrome, and neoplasia; and the causes of pre-slaughter and slaughter condemnations were bruising, fracture, inadequate bleeding, excessive scaling, contamination, dehydration, death at the platform, disgusting appearance, and delayed evisceration. The mean values of total and partial condemnations per year, occurrence and proportion of condemnations index (OCI) for every thousand broilers slaughtered, and rates of pre and post-fasting condemnations were calculated. Condemnations rates (%) and OCI were higher after fasting; partial and total contamination stood out, with a frequency of 77% and 30%, respectively, after fasting. Long fasting, uneven lots or unbalanced equipment may cause extravasation of the gastrointestinal contents and contaminate broiler carcasses. Practices such as monitoring fasting and equipment adjustment to broiler carcass size may reduce carcass condemnation incidence.

The objective of this experiment was to evaluate levels of replacement (0, 33, 67 and 100%) of corn silage with fresh sugarcane in dairy-goat diets on the ingestive behavior of these animals. Eight lactating Alpine goats (after lactation peak) with a live weight of 51.95±3.29 kg were distributed into two 4 × 4 Latin squares according to their milk production. Animals were placed in individual pens where they received diets ad libitum, twice a day, with a roughage:concentrate ratio of 40:60, during 72 days of experiment. The evaluated variables were time spent feeding (TSF), ruminating (TSR), idle (TSI) and chewing (TSC), dry matter intake (DMI), neutral detergent fiber intake (NDFI), feeding efficiency of dry matter (FEDM) and neutral detergent fiber (FENDF), rumination efficiency of dry matter (REDM) and neutral detergent fiber (RENDF), number of ruminal boli per day (NRB) and number of rumination chews per day (NRC). The different treatments had no effect on TSF or TSR. However, a linear effect was observed on TSC. There was a linear effect on TSI, in which the highest value was observed in the treatment with 0% of sugarcane inclusion. A quadratic effect was observed on dry matter intake, with minimum point of 2.14 kg/day for 68.04% of sugarcane inclusion; however, NDFI was not affected by the different treatments. There was no effect of treatments on FEDM, although a quadratic effect was observed on FENDF, wherein the lowest value was observed in the treatment with 67% of sugarcane inclusion. There was no effect of different levels of corn silage replacement on REDM, RENDF, NRB or NRC. Sugarcane can be replaced with corn silage without changing the times spending on feeding and rumination.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the correlation between the ability to walk (gait score), incidence of femoral degeneration, tibial dyschondroplasia, valgus and varus deformity and leg symmetry of broiler chickens. Male chickens of the Cobb strain from a commercial poultry farm were utilized in this experiment. Fifty 35 and 42-day-old birds were evaluated according to the gait score and valgus or varus incidence. To assess the bilateral symmetry and the lesion score for femoral degeneration and tibial dyschondroplasia, broilers were weighed and euthanized for the removal of the femur and tibia of both legs. The lesion scores for femoral degeneration and tibial dyschondroplasia, varus or valgus deformity, bone symmetry and gait scores of the chickens were then correlated. It was found that weight, age and the incidence of femoral degeneration and tibial dyschondroplasia are not always correlated with the gait score and that only valgus deformity is more correlated.

O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar as características de qualidade: pH, cor, valor R, perda por exsudação, capacidade de retenção e absorção de água, capacidade de emulsificação, perdas por cocção, força de cisalhamento e análise sensorial da carne de matrizes pesadas de descarte de frangos de corte. A carne de peito de matrizes apresentou valores médios do parâmetro pH, valor R, perda por exsudação e valor de L* de 5,70, 1,43, 2,00 e 50,11, respectivamente. Para a capacidade de retenção e absorção de água, perda de peso por cozimento e força de cisalhamento, os valores médios foram de 77, 58, 18% e 4,94kgf cm-2, respectivamente. Na análise sensorial, a carne de matriz apresentou baixa intensidade de maciez (6,9) e menor suculência (3,4) e foi a mais elástica, borrachenta e difícil de deglutir. A carne de matrizes pesadas de descarte apresenta boas características de qualidade tecnológicas que possibilitam sua utilização como matéria-prima para a elaboração de industrializados.The aim of this research was evaluate the meat quality broiler breeder hens: pH, color, R value, drip loss, water holding capacity, water absorption capacity, emulsion capacity, cooking loss, shear force and sensorial analysis. The breast meat of broiler hens presents means values for pH, R value, drip loss and L* value parameter of 5.70, 1.43, 2.00 and 50.11, respectively. The means value for water retention capacity, water absorption capacity, cooking loss and shear force, were 77, 58, 18% e 4.94kgf cm-2 respectively. For sensory analysis, the meat of broiler hen present lower tenderness intensity (6.9), lower succulence (3.4), more elasticity, rubbery and swallowing difficulties. The meat of broiler hens presented good technology quality characteristics that make it possible to be used as meat for elaborated industry.

Este trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar o efeito do tempo de desossa da carne de matrizes pesadas, para destinar esta carne ao possível consumo “in natura”. Portanto, foram coletados 80 peitos com osso em abatedouro comercial. No Laboratório de Qualidade de Carne da FMVZ/Unesp, Campus de Botucatu-SP, os peitos foram desossados nos tempos zero (imediatamente após o resfriamento), 4, 8 e 12h “post-mortem”, sendo utilizados 20 peitos por tratamento. Com 24h “post-mortem”, foram avaliados os parâmetros: pH, cor (L*, a* e b*), perda de peso por cocção (PPC), capacidade de retenção de água (CRA), forçade cisalhamento (FC), índice de fragmentação miofibrilar (MFI) e estrutura morfológica da fibra muscular (diâmetro da fibra e número de fibras por campo). Os parâmetros cor (L*, a* e b*), perda de peso por cocção, capacidade de retenção de água, força de cisalhamento ediâmetro da fibra muscular apresentaram diferença estatística significativa (p ≤ 0,05) entre os tempos avaliados de desossa. A força de cisalhamento apresentou diferença significativa (p ≤ 0,05) para o tratamento zero (8,478), em relação aos tempos de desossa 4, 8 e 12h (5,154; 5,375 e 4,819, respectivamente). Deste modo foi observada melhora na maciez da carne com o tempo de desossa maior que 4h “post-mortem”.The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of deboning time on broiler breeder hen meat for in natura consumption. Eighty samples of breast fillets with bone (Pectoralis major muscle) were collected and divided into four groups of 20 samples each; each group represented a different post-mortem deboning time: 0 (immediately after cooling),4, 8 and 12h post-mortem. At 24h post-mortem, all samples were evaluated for the following parameters: pH, color (L*, a* and b*), cooking loss, water retention capacity, shear force, myofibrillar fragmentation index and fiber diameter. Color (L*, a* and b*), cooking loss, water retention capacity and shear force were significantly different (p ≤ 0.05) among the evaluated deboning times. The shear force value of breast fillets deboned at 0h post-mortem (8.478) was significantly different (p ≤ 0.05) from those deboned at 4, 8 and 12h post-mortem (5.154; 5.375 and 4.819, respectively). Therefore, an increase in the tenderness of breastfillets was observed, when deboning was performed at least 4h post-mortem.

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o desempenho e a morfometria do epitélio intestinal de frangos de corte da linhagem colonial Label Rouge, submetidos a dietas com e sem adição de simbiótico, e distribuídos em dois sistemas de criação, confinados e com acesso apiquete. Foram utilizados 560 pintos de corte de um dia de idade, machos, distribuídos em um delineamento em blocos ao acaso, com dois tratamentos, e quatro repetições de 35 aves cada. As aves que receberam simbiótico, na dieta, e as aves do sistema confiando obtiveram melhores resultados de desempenho em relação às aves dos demais tratamentos. Houve efeito da dieta sobre o peso do fígado e do íleo, e efeito do sistema de criação sobre o peso de moela e de jejuno. No duodeno, houve efeito da dieta apenas dentro do sistema de criação confinado para a largura das vilosidades. No jejuno, houve efeito do sistema de criação para profundidade de criptas. Foipossível concluir que a adição de simbiótico na alimentação de frangos de corte, tipo colonial, contribui para melhor desempenho, sem alterar a morfometria do epitélio gastrintestinal indiferente do sistema de criação.This study aimed to evaluate the performance and morphometrics of the intestinal epithelium of Label Rouge broilers submitted to diets with or without the addition of a symbiotic, and distributed into two production systems – indoors or with access to a paddock. A total number of 560 day-old male chicks were distributed in a completelyrandomized block design with two treatments, with four replications of 35 birds each. Birds fed the symbiotic and reared indoors presented better performance as compared to birds in the other treatments. The diet influenced liver and ileum weights, whereas the production system affected gizzard and jejunum weights. In the duodenum, only the indoor production system affected villi width. The production system influenced crypt depth in the jejunum. It was concluded that the addition of the symbiotic product to Label Rouge broiler diets improved performance, whereas gastrointestinal epithelium morphometrics were not affected, regardless of the rearing system.

O experimento foi realizado nas instalações experimentais da Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia da Unesp, Campus de Botucatu e objetivou-se avaliar o efeito das dietas com milho e farelo de soja, sorgo com alto tanino e farelo de soja e sorgo com baixo tanino e farelo de soja sobre o desempenho, rendimento de carcaça e parâmetros gastrintestinais de frangos de corte. Foram utilizados 1200 pintos de corte de um dia, da linhagem Ross 308, distribuídos em 24 boxes em um delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial 3 x 2, três dietas: 100% milho e farelo de soja, 100% sorgo com alto tanino e farelo de soja (SAT) e 100% sorgo com baixo tanino e farelo de soja (SBT) e dois sexos, com 4 repetições de 50 aves cada. O desempenho foi avaliado aos 21, 35 e 42 dias de idade e aos 42 dias de idade, uma amostra de 5 aves por repetição foi abatida para a determinação do rendimento de carcaça e das partes. Foram medidos o rendimento do peito desossado, coxa e sobrecoxa, asas, dorso e gordura abdominal. Aos 14, 21, 28, 35 e 42 dias de idade foram sacrificadas 3 aves por repetição para avaliação do desenvolvimento das vísceras e dos intestinos por meio de pesagens e medidas. Conclui-se que, ao utilizar sorgo com alto tanino (cultivar AG3002 com 1,89 g/kg) e sorgo com baixo tanino (cultivar SAARA com 0,49 g/kg) em substituição ao milho não foi encontrado efeito significativo (p>0,05) para os parâmetros analisados de desempenho e rendimento de carcaça, não ocorrendo também efeito evidente sobre a porcentagem das vísceras e intestinos e as medidas dos intestinos.The experiment was carried out in the experimental facilities of Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia of Unesp, Botucatu Campus and the objective was evaluate the effect of corn, sorghum with tannin and sorghum no tannin-based diets on the gastric and bowel parameters in broiler . One thousand and two hundred sexed Ross 308, one-day-old chicks were used, divided in 24 boxes in an completely randomized experimental design with factorial arrangement 3x2, three diets: 100% corn, 100% sorghum with tannin (SAT) and 100% sorghum without tannin (SBT) and two sexes, with 4 replications of 50 birds each The broiler performance was evaluate at 21, 35 and 42 days of age. At 42 days of age, a sample of 5 birds per replication was slaughtered to carcass yield determination.At 14, 21, 28, 35 and 42 days of age 3 birds per replication were slaughtered for the evaluation of guts and bowel development by means of weighing and measurements. It can be concluded that, when using sorghum with tannin (AG3002 crop with 1.89g/kg) and sorghum no tannin (SAARA crop, with 0.49g/kg) replacing corn, there was no evident effect (p>.05) on performance, carcass yield, as well as on guts and bowel percentage or on the bowel measures.

Este trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar o efeito do tempo de desossa da carne de matrizes pesadas, para destinar esta carne ao possível consumo “in natura”. Portanto, foram coletados 80 peitos com osso em abatedouro comercial. No Laboratório de Qualidade de Carne da FMVZ/Unesp, Campus de Botucatu, Estado de São Paulo, os peitos foram desossados nos tempos zero (imediatamente após o resfriamento), 4, 8 e 12h “post-mortem”, sendo utilizados 20 peitos por tratamento. Com 24h “post-mortem”, foram avaliados os parâmetros: pH, cor (L*, a* e b*), perda de peso por cocção (PPC), capacidade de retenção de água (CRA), força de cisalhamento (FC), índice de fragmentação miofibrilar (MFI) e estrutura morfológica da fibra muscular (diâmetro da fibra e número de fibras por campo). Os parâmetros cor (L*, a* e b*), perda de peso por cocção, capacidade de retenção de água, força de cisalhamento e diâmetro da fibra muscular apresentaram diferença estatística significativa (p ≤ 0,05) entre os tempos avaliados de desossa. A força de cisalhamento apresentou diferença significativa (p ≤ 0,05) para o tratamento zero (8,478), em relação aos tempos de desossa 4, 8 e 12h (5,154; 5,375 e 4,819, respectivamente). Deste modo foi observada melhora na maciez da carne com o tempo de desossa maior que 4h “post-mortem”.

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o desempenho e a morfometria do epitélio intestinal de frangos de corte da linhagem colonial Label Rouge, submetidos a dietas com e sem adição de simbiótico, e distribuídos em dois sistemas de criação, confinados e com acesso a piquete. Foram utilizados 560 pintos de corte de um dia de idade, machos, distribuídos em um delineamento em blocos ao acaso, com dois tratamentos, e quatro repetições de 35 aves cada. As aves que receberam simbiótico, na dieta, e as aves do sistema confiando obtiveram melhores resultados de desempenho em relação às aves dos demais tratamentos. Houve efeito da dieta sobre o peso do fígado e do íleo, e efeito do sistema de criação sobre o peso de moela e de jejuno. No duodeno, houve efeito da dieta apenas dentro do sistema de criação confinado para a largura das vilosidades. No jejuno, houve efeito do sistema de criação para profundidade de criptas. Foi possível concluir que a adição de simbiótico na alimentação de frangos de corte, tipo colonial, contribui para melhor desempenho, sem alterar a morfometria do epitélio gastrintestinal indiferente do sistema de criação.

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to determine the digestibility coefficient (DC) of nutrients and the digestible energy (DE), and metabolizable energy (ME) values of distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) produced in Brazil by different methods. Eight barrows with 23.3±4.1 kg were housed in metabolic cages in a randomized block design and fed diets containing 0, 200, 400, and 600 g kg–1 of corn DDGS. We determined the digestibility of dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE), mineral matter (MM), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and gross energy (GE) by the total collection (TC) and chromium oxide marker (Cr) methods. Distillers dried grains with solubles provided the respective DM, OM, CP, EE, MM, NDF, and GE values of 910, 863, 286, 66.9, 46.8, 500 g kg–1, and 4,780 kcal kg–1. The DE and ME values of DDGS were 3,739 and 3,401 kcal kg–1 and 3,691 and 3,213 kcal kg–1 as determined by TC and Cr methods, respectively. The growing inclusion of DDGS did not affect the DE or ME values. The digestibility coefficients of DM, OM, CP, EE, MM, and NDF were 767, 765, 827, 691, 883, and 821 g kg–1, respectively, by the total collection method. The Cr underestimated the values of all variables compared with TC method. Levels up to 600 g kg–1 of the test ingredient do not influence the DE and ME of DDGS, but compromises the digestibility coefficients of DM, OM, and NDF.