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In the design and construction of buildings and infrastructures, the reconstruction of a reliable 3D engineering geological model is an essential step to optimize costs of the construction and limit risks from failure or damage due to unforeseen ground conditions. The modeling of ground conditions is a challenging issue to be tackled especially in the case of geological units with complex geometries and spatially variable geotechnical properties. In such a direction, coupled geological and geotechnical criteria are usually adopted to define engineering geological units.These concepts are considered by the current technical rules for geotechnical design such as the Eurocode 7 and in the national regulations which have followed it, known in Italy as “Norme Tecniche per le Costruzioni (NTC).” Notwithstanding this advanced regulatory framework, no comprehensive indications on methodological approaches were given for the 3D engineering geological modeling and geotechnical characterization of a design and construction site. In this paper, the case study of the highly heterogeneous and heteropic pyroclastic-alluvial stratigraphic setting of the Nola plain (Campania, southern Italy) characterizing the site of the Nola’s logistic plant is dealt with. The approaches are based on the engineering geological modeling analysis of a high number of stratigraphic, laboratory and in situ geotechnical data, collected for the design of the plant, and the use of a specialized modeling software providing advanced capabilities in spatial modeling of geological and geotechnical information, as well as in their visual representation. The results obtained, including also the analysis of statistical variability of geotechnical properties and the identification of representative geotechnical values, can be potentially considered a methodological approach, consistent with the current technical rules for geotechnical design as well as with fundamental concepts of engineering geological modeling and mapping.

El presente el articulo muestra la importancia de implementar en las obras de ingeniería de la función pública, el concepto de Ciclo de vida de proyectos tal como lo establece el PMI, para mejorar las condiciones de ejecución de los proyectos de infraestructura y crear cierres que no generen investigaciones, por sobre costos, adiciones y ampliación de tiempos no justificados. Los proyectos en su momento de gestación deben tener claro la gestión del alcance, tiempo, costos, calidad, recursos humanos, comunicaciones, riesgos, adquisiciones, interesados, y la planeación de ejecución. El documento presenta, paso a paso, el ciclo de vida de los proyectos de Obra Civil o Infraestructura en la función pública, en donde se analiza las entradas y salidas en cada una de sus fases y también los interesados en cada una de ellas, con este modelo se busca ayudar a los municipios de bajos recursos como son los municipios de 5 y 6 categoría, en la ejecución de proyectos sin tener que evadir los requisitos para la realización de los proyectos exitosos en generación de empleo, disminución de costos administrativos y riesgo cero en ejecución y obras inconclusas. The present article shows the importance of implementing in the engineering works of the public function, the concept of Life Cycle of projects as established PMI, to improve the conditions of execution of the infrastructure projects and create closures that do not generate Public investigations about over costs, additions and extension of unjustified times. The projects in their time of gestation must have a clear management of scope, time, costs, quality, human resources, communications, risks, procurement, stakeholders and the implementation planning. This document shows, step by step, the life cycle of engineer and Infrastructure projects in the public function, where the inputs and outputs are analyzed in each of their phases and also the stakeholders in each one of the process, this model try to seek help for low-income municipalities such as municipalities of 5th and 6th category in the execution of projects without having to evade the requirements for successful projects in employment generation, reduction of administrative costs and risk Zero in execution and unfinished works.

Weak soils like unconsolidated clay and peat may deform and compress considerably by loading, for example, by sand bodies for roads and railways. Archaeological sites within such easily compressible soil layers may therefore be heavily affected by different kinds of construction works. The vulnerability of archaeological sites to compression is largely dependent on soil properties like lithology, grain-size, and previous loading history. This may therefore differ considerably. Predicting the compression sensitivity is of great value for planners, since they can estimate in which areas in situ protection of archaeological sites may be feasible and where it would require (costly) technical measures or plan adaptations. As part of the Cultural Heritage Agency's research programme on construction and archaeology, we prepared predictive maps of the compression sensitivity of the subsurface sediments in the Netherlands for 1 m depth intervals from 0 to 20 m depth. The maps were constructed using a full 3-D model of the subsurface of the Netherlands. In combination with the Indicative Map of Archaeological Values (IKAW) that is already available, these maps can be used to better estimate the technical measures needed and costs involved for in situ protection of archaeological sites in the planning phase of construction projects. © W. S. Maney & Son Ltd 2012.

Conference of 2013 SPIE Conference on Sensors and Smart Structures Technologies for Civil, Mechanical, and Aerospace Systems 2013 ; Conference Date: 10 March 2013 Through 14 March 2013; Conference Code:97276; International audience; Corrosion of reinforced bar (rebar) in concrete structures represents a major issue in civil engineering works, being its detection and evolution a challenge for the applied research. In this work, we present a new methodology to corrosion detection in reinforced concrete structures, by combining Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) sensors with the electrochemical and physical properties of rebar in a simplified assembly. Tests in electrolytic solutions and concrete were performed for pitting and general corrosion. The proposed Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) methodology constitutes a direct corrosion measurement potentially useful to implement or improve Condition-Based Maintenance (CBM) program for civil engineering concrete structures.

Weak soils like unconsolidated clay and peat may deform and compress considerably by loading, for example, by sand bodies for roads and railways. Archaeological sites within such easily compressible soil layers may therefore be heavily affected by different kinds of construction works. The vulnerability of archaeological sites to compression is largely dependent on soil properties like lithology, grain-size, and previous loading history. This may therefore differ considerably. Predicting the compression sensitivity is of great value for planners, since they can estimate in which areas in situ protection of archaeological sites may be feasible and where it would require (costly) technical measures or plan adaptations. As part of the Cultural Heritage Agency's research programme on construction and archaeology, we prepared predictive maps of the compression sensitivity of the subsurface sediments in the Netherlands for 1 m depth intervals from 0 to 20 m depth. The maps were constructed using a full 3-D model of the subsurface of the Netherlands. In combination with the Indicative Map of Archaeological Values (IKAW) that is already available, these maps can be used to better estimate the technical measures needed and costs involved for in situ protection of archaeological sites in the planning phase of construction projects. © W. S. Maney & Son Ltd 2012.

The paper focuses on the role and importance of the risk management during construction of highways and railways. For this purpose the engineering riskn will be defined. The main principles of geotechnical risk will be explained. Some cases stories of undesirables events during construction of underground works will be presented and discussed. In the conclusion author will underlines main conditions of succesfull risk management principles to be respected.

This thesis provides a survey of the research results of the relationship between on the one hand the construction, management and maintenance of civil engineering works, and on the other hand the environment, nature and landscape, with the main focus on motorways and coastal protection. The growing number and increase in size of civil engineering works and the growing need for protection measures of the sandy coasts have led to an ever increasing risk of adverse effects on the nature and landscape of the Netherlands, as well as to an increase in the degree of the impact of these effects. Consequently, such institutions as the Road and Hydraulic Engineering Institute (Dienst Weg- en Waterbouwkunde - DWW -) of the Directorate General of Public Works and Water Management (Rijkswaterstaat) of the Ministry of Transport, Public Works and Water Management have carried out extensive studies of possible adverse effects. Based on these studies were carried out of measures intended to prevent adverse effects, to avoid their impact and to mitigate and/or to compensate for them (i.e. to take measures elsewhere in order to bring about a no net loss of nature values), apart from measures that can produce positive effects. From a scientific point of view as well as of the interest of society it is important to pay attention to the possibilities for better inserting civil engineering work (e.g. construction and use of infrastructure and such activities as coastal management) into ecosystems in order to conserve and develop biodiversity. In this thesis the results of conducted research as well as outsources studies are presented in the form of a synthesis. In this context, the focus has been on integrating knowledge concerning the understanding, use and control of patterns and processes of ecosystems into the planning, the design, construction and maintenance of civil engineering works. Special attention was paid to roads, waterways, road verges, slopes, banks and bridges and viaducts related to the main infrastructure. Much attention is paid not only to the results of the research, but also to integrating the knowledge and understanding developed, in combination with other studies in the same field carried out under the responsibility of the Regional Directorates of Rijkswaterstaat. This thesis was realized in the authors capacity as head (later, former head) of the research section of the environment department of the Road and Hydraulic Engineering Institute and nowadays as coordinator of research into environmental measures for infrastructure; as part-time staff member at the Delft Interfaculty Research Centre for the Sustainable Constructed Environment, especially the research programme 'The Ecological City'; and later as part-time researcher/lecturer at the Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences of the Delft University of Technology. This thesis discusses applied research, which incorporated original research work intended to extend the available knowledge and especially to solve clearly defined practical problems, which in this thesis are considered in their integral context as much as possible. The main research questions, which have been subdivided into subquestions, were in which fields and by which means contributions can be made to reduce adverse effects or to increase the ecological significance of civil engineering works, both existing ones and those to be constructed. Studies have also been made whether it would be possible to formulate on the basis of the research results a set of ecological engineering principles to be used in actual practice. In addition to the systematic collection, analysis and evaluation of data using the available methods and technology in the relevant research fields, research was carried out into the possibilities of creating a synthesis - a combination of not only monofunctional but also multifunctional (interdisciplinary) solutions, since the latter are expected to lead to a larger degree of sustainable development of our actions. Ecological engineering can play an important role in this context. This thesis includes a summary of the knowledge and understanding of the application of ecological engineering in the field of the integration of roads and road systems and natural patterns and processes, the significance of road verges as habitats for plants and animals, the fragmenting effect of roads and the possibilities to adopt mitigating measures, the insertion of roads into the landscape and the management of sandy coasts. The thesis gives also insight into the way the responsibility for environmental and ecological issues in relation to the primary tasks of Rijkswaterstaat has developed within the organisation. This thesis highlights some of the important aspects referred to above concerning motorways and nature, environment and landscape. For aspects about environmental impact assessments (EIA) and motorways, reference is made to the thesis by dr. E.J.J.M. Arts, productgroup leader tracé at the Road and Hydraulic Engineering Institute and as far as the subject compensation is concerned, to the soon to be published thesis written by drs. R. Cuperus, productgroup leader nature and landscape at the Road and Hydraulic Engineering Institute. For the fields of noise and roads and air and roads, reference is made to both existing literature and to upcoming publications within the scope of the ongoing 'Noise Innovation Programme' contracted to the DWW and the recently launched 'Airquality Innovation Programme'.

This thesis provides a survey of the research results of the relationship between on the one hand the construction, management and maintenance of civil engineering works, and on the other hand the environment, nature and landscape, with the main focus on motorways and coastal protection. The growing number and increase in size of civil engineering works and the growing need for protection measures of the sandy coasts have led to an ever increasing risk of adverse effects on the nature and landscape of the Netherlands, as well as to an increase in the degree of the impact of these effects. Consequently, such institutions as the Road and Hydraulic Engineering Institute (Dienst Weg- en Waterbouwkunde - DWW -) of the Directorate General of Public Works and Water Management (Rijkswaterstaat) of the Ministry of Transport, Public Works and Water Management have carried out extensive studies of possible adverse effects. Based on these studies were carried out of measures intended to prevent adverse effects, to avoid their impact and to mitigate and/or to compensate for them (i.e. to take measures elsewhere in order to bring about a no net loss of nature values), apart from measures that can produce positive effects. From a scientific point of view as well as of the interest of society it is important to pay attention to the possibilities for better inserting civil engineering work (e.g. construction and use of infrastructure and such activities as coastal management) into ecosystems in order to conserve and develop biodiversity. In this thesis the results of conducted research as well as outsources studies are presented in the form of a synthesis. In this context, the focus has been on integrating knowledge concerning the understanding, use and control of patterns and processes of ecosystems into the planning, the design, construction and maintenance of civil engineering works. Special attention was paid to roads, waterways, road verges, slopes, banks and bridges and viaducts related to the main infrastructure. Much attention is paid not only to the results of the research, but also to integrating the knowledge and understanding developed, in combination with other studies in the same field carried out under the responsibility of the Regional Directorates of Rijkswaterstaat. This thesis was realized in the authors capacity as head (later, former head) of the research section of the environment department of the Road and Hydraulic Engineering Institute and nowadays as coordinator of research into environmental measures for infrastructure; as part-time staff member at the Delft Interfaculty Research Centre for the Sustainable Constructed Environment, especially the research programme 'The Ecological City'; and later as part-time researcher/lecturer at the Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences of the Delft University of Technology. This thesis discusses applied research, which incorporated original research work intended to extend the available knowledge and especially to solve clearly defined practical problems, which in this thesis are considered in their integral context as much as possible. The main research questions, which have been subdivided into subquestions, were in which fields and by which means contributions can be made to reduce adverse effects or to increase the ecological significance of civil engineering works, both existing ones and those to be constructed. Studies have also been made whether it would be possible to formulate on the basis of the research results a set of ecological engineering principles to be used in actual practice. In addition to the systematic collection, analysis and evaluation of data using the available methods and technology in the relevant research fields, research was carried out into the possibilities of creating a synthesis - a combination of not only monofunctional but also multifunctional (interdisciplinary) solutions, since the latter are expected to lead to a larger degree of sustainable development of our actions. Ecological engineering can play an important role in this context. This thesis includes a summary of the knowledge and understanding of the application of ecological engineering in the field of the integration of roads and road systems and natural patterns and processes, the significance of road verges as habitats for plants and animals, the fragmenting effect of roads and the possibilities to adopt mitigating measures, the insertion of roads into the landscape and the management of sandy coasts. The thesis gives also insight into the way the responsibility for environmental and ecological issues in relation to the primary tasks of Rijkswaterstaat has developed within the organisation. This thesis highlights some of the important aspects referred to above concerning motorways and nature, environment and landscape. For aspects about environmental impact assessments (EIA) and motorways, reference is made to the thesis by dr. E.J.J.M. Arts, productgroup leader tracé at the Road and Hydraulic Engineering Institute and as far as the subject compensation is concerned, to the soon to be published thesis written by drs. R. Cuperus, productgroup leader nature and landscape at the Road and Hydraulic Engineering Institute. For the fields of noise and roads and air and roads, reference is made to both existing literature and to upcoming publications within the scope of the ongoing 'Noise Innovation Programme' contracted to the DWW and the recently launched 'Airquality Innovation Programme'.

Annual losses of life and property due to fire continue to be an economic drain on all developed countries. The steady improvement in building regulations and their administration is assisting the work of fire protection in those branches of building design that are normally the province of the architect. Civil engineers do not always have such assistance available. The works they design might appear to be free from all risk of fire. Examples are cited from Canadian experience to show the fallacy of this view. The facts in these cases are summarized, not with critical intent, but in order to draw from them confirmation of the precautions that should always be taken in the design, maintenance and construction of civil engineering works. With changing design concepts for buildings, the civil engineer is having to give increased attention to fire as a factor in his contributions to building design. This work must always be viewed against the background of the basic economics of fire prevention measures, final decisions always involving some degree of calculated risk., Reprinted from: Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers, 1971, 50, December, p. 467-486, ISSN: 0020-3262; and Discussion, 1972, 52, August, p. 189-201.

The relationship between climate, seasonal frost penetration and permafrost is discussed in relation to construction activities. The nature of the ground thermal regime, the mechanism of frost heaving, and the criteria for frost susceptibility of earth materials are outlined. Practical examples related to the design and construction of building foundations, roads, runways and ice rinks are described and problems of freezing during construction activities and thaw settlement of the ground are reviewed., 27th Annual University of Minnesota Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering Conf.: 1979-02, Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA

The instructions or guidelines presented in this translation outline factors to be considered in the planning and design of townsites and engineering facilities in the "Northern Construction - Climatic Zone" or permafrost region. Included are sections on buildings (residential, public and industrial), services (water, sewerage, heat, gas), hydro- electric plants (concrete and earth- and rock-fill dams), railroads and highways and gas pipelines.

A brief summary is presented of the current state of knowledge in Canada, concerning the action of ice on structures. The characteristics of ice covers and questions concerning ice, that must be considered in the design of structures are described., Proceedings of a Conference on Ice Pressures Against Structures: 01 November 1966, Québec, Québec, Canada

This paper presents the research and discusses the findings concerning the identification and definition of quality dimensions related to the monitoring data obtained in the safety control of major civil engineering works, namely dams and bridges. The analysis of the behavior and the safety evaluation of these works essentially depend on the quality of the data collected by the sensors, named the observation data, besides the quality of the models and, last but not least, the knowledge and experience of the experts involved. In addition, LNEC1 stores and preserves the observation data concerning major civil engineering works, which represents an important research source for LNEC and Universities and, thus, shapes itself as an e-Science scenario. Differently from other e-Science environment authors, we have not restricted our work to objective dimensions, whose measures can be calculated automatically. It appears, from the experts’ opinions, that some subjective dimensions can largely enrich the quality information about archived data at the expense of some additional work in data curation. In the development of this research we used an online version of the Delphi method with the Q-Sort technique, complemented with upstream interviews and a downstream meeting with the experts. We found out, and sorted by the importance level assigned by the experts, ten dimensions for the quality of observation data, which are error-of-observation, coherence, relevancy, interpretability, timeliness, completeness, accessibility, appropriate amount of data, access security and preservation. 3 tabelas CTI/NTIEC 2009 7 e 8 de Novembro