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Introducción. La obesidad abdominal es considerada un factor de riesgo de enfermedad cardiovascular y diabetes. El consumo excesivo episódico de alcohol y la inactividad física también son factores de riesgo comportamentales asociados a enfermedades no transmisibles. Objetivo: Analizar la asociación entre la obesidad abdominal, el consumo de alcohol y la inactividad física en universitarios panameños. Materiales y métodos: Estudio transversal analítico realizado en 374 estudiantes universitarios panameños en el periodo abril – diciembre de 2021. Se implementó el cuestionario para la vigilancia de factores de riesgo de enfermedades no transmisibles de la Organización Mundial de la Salud y se evaluó la circunferencia de cintura. La obesidad abdominal se estableció con una circunferencia de cintura ≥80 cm en mujeres y ≥90 cm en hombres. Se realizaron análisis descriptivos, bivariados y múltiples usando modelos de regresión logística para determinar la asociación entre las variables del estudio. Las pruebas U Mann-Whitney y Chi cuadrado fueron utilizadas para analizar diferencias por sexo. Resultados: Una tercera parte de los universitarios participantes presentaron obesidad abdominal. Las mujeres reportaron mayores niveles de inactividad física (

Introducción. La convivencia o matrimonio puede conllevar a cambios en los patrones alimenticios y actividad física, afectando parámetros antropométricos como el perímetro abdominal. Objetivo. Determinar la relación entre el estado conyugal y el perímetro abdominal en adultos peruanos. Metodología. Estudio observacional, analítico, retrospectivo y transversal a partir de datos de la encuesta nacional de salud familiar. La población fue de 29206 adultos desde los 18 años. Las variables fueron: estado conyugal, sexo y perímetro abdominal. Se usó las pruebas Ji-cuadrado, V de Cramer, Odds Ratio y razón de prevalencias crudo y ajustado mediante regresión logística binaria, y regresión de Poisson, respectivamente, siendo las variables de ajuste: consumo de alcohol, etnia, lengua materna, nivel educativo, índice de masa corporal, presión arterial sistólica y diastólica y edad. Resultados. El promedio de perímetro abdominal fue mayor en adultos con estado conyugal casado/conviviente en ambos sexos, llegando en el rango de riesgo. Las mujeres con estado conyugal casado/conviviente tuvieron altos porcentajes de perímetro abdominal de riesgo (85,30%) mientras que en hombres del grupo casado/conviviente fue más frecuente (57,70%) el perímetro normal. En el análisis multivariado mediante regresión logística binaria, las mujeres con el estado conyugal casado/conviviente tuvieron 2,39 veces mayor de perímetro abdominal de riesgo que las solteras con una prevalencia 1,42 veces mayor. En hombres casados/convivientes, la probabilidad de perímetro abdominal elevado fue 1,40 veces mayor que en solteros, con una prevalencia 1,31 veces mayor. Conclusión. El estado conyugal casado/conviviente está asociado a una mayor probabilidad de perímetro abdominal elevado en esta población.

Objective: to establish the cut-off point of the abdominal perimeter for overweight and obesity adjusted to the body mass index in adults of the Peruvian population. Material and methods: observational, analytical, retrospective and cross-sectional study based on data from the national demographic and family health survey (ENDES). There was no sample calculation because the entire population was analyzed. The variables were: sex, abdominal perimeter and body mass index (BMI). Results: with an area under the curve of 0.954 in women and 0.952 for men, an abdominal perimeter of 86 centimeters was established as the cut-off point for overweight in women, with a sensitivity (S) of 90%, and a specificity (E) 89% and for obesity an abdominal perimeter of 95 centimeters (S=89%, E=85%). In men, an abdominal perimeter of 89 centimeters (S=87%, E=87%) was established as a cut-off point to determine overweight and an abdominal perimeter of 99 centimeters (S=88%, E=90%) for obesity. Based on the new cut-off points, a higher prevalence of overweight and obesity was found in women (69% and 29%) than in men (60% and 19%), with a better association, agreement and confidence interval of the Odds. Ratio with respect to the analysis of abdominal perimeter and BMI prior to the COR analysis. Conclusions: the abdominal perimeter cut-off points adjusted to BMI in men were 89 centimeters for overweight and 99 centimeters for obesity, and in women it was 86 centimeters for overweight and 95 centimeters for obesity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Introduction: Hypertension constitutes a problem of public health in almost all over the world. Among the risk factors associated with it, the accumulation of fat is notable, which can, in turn, establish risks and determine comorbidities and mortality associated with this nosological entity. Objective: To determine the variations in the values of the abdominal perimeter and waist-hip ratio in patients with hypertension, according to selected epidemiological and clinical variables. Methods: A descriptive, prospective and cross-sectional study was carried out on 221 patients with hypertension, belonging to doctor's office 19 of Josué País García Teaching Polyclinic in Santiago de Cuba municipality, from June, 2019 to December, 2020. Results: There was a prevalence of the female sex and the 65-74 age group (28.5%). The anthropometric indicators, abdominal perimeter and waist-hip ratio, had values that exceeded the established normal parameters for both sexes. The calculation of the abdominal perimeter revealed a predominance of obesity in the female sex, while it was classified as increased in the male sex. Conclusions: The values of the waist-hip ratio and abdominal perimeter exceeded those classified by the World Health Organization as high risk of presenting the disease in both sexes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Hypertension constitutes a problem of public health in almost all over the world. Among the risk factors associated with it, the accumulation of fat is notable, which can, in turn, establish risks and determine comorbidities and mortality associated with this nosological entity. Objective: To determine the variations in the values of the abdominal perimeter and waist-hip ratio in patients with hypertension, according to selected epidemiological and clinical variables. Methods: A descriptive, prospective and cross-sectional study was carried out on 221 patients with hypertension, belonging to doctor's office 19 of Josué País García Teaching Polyclinic in Santiago de Cuba municipality, from June, 2019 to December, 2020. Results: There was a prevalence of the female sex and the 65-74 age group (28.5%). The anthropometric indicators, abdominal perimeter and waist-hip ratio, had values that exceeded the established normal parameters for both sexes. The calculation of the abdominal perimeter revealed a predominance of obesity in the female sex, while it was classified as increased in the male sex. Conclusions: The values of the waist-hip ratio and abdominal perimeter exceeded those classified by the World Health Organization as high risk of presenting the disease in both sexes.

Copyright of Revista Argentina de Antropología Biológica is the property of Revista Argentina de Antropologia Biologica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Enfermería Investiga: Investigaciin, Vinculación, Docencia y Gestiin is the property of Revista Enfermeria Investiga and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

La crisis generada por la pandemia de COVID-19 afectó la alimentación y el estado de salud de trabajadores del sector agrícola. El objetivo de esta investigación es identificar cambios en la frecuencia de consumo de alimentos y el estado nutricional en 16 campesinos residentes en la comunidad rural La Picadora, teniendo en cuenta el impacto que la situación económica y epidemiológica pueden haber producido luego de la pandemia de COVID-19. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo en los mismos 16 individuos en octubre de 2017 y abril de 2022, que incluyó entrevistas, cuestionarios de frecuencia de consumo de alimentos y mediciones antropométricas. Las variables discretas iniciales (2017) y las finales (2022) se compararon mediante la prueba de rangos con signos de Wilcoxon y las variables continuas se contrastaron mediante la prueba t Student. La disminución de la frecuencia del consumo de pastas, carne de cerdo, vísceras, refrescos industriales y dulces y el aumento de la frecuencia de consumo de grasa vegetal fueron estadísticamente significativas. El peso, el índice de masa corporal y la circunferencia de la cintura aumentaron, mientras que la talla disminuyó, siendo significativos los cambios observados en la circunferencia de la cintura y la talla. Concluimos que la dieta en el 2022 fue menos variada que en el 2017. Cambios en el patrón de alimentación y en los modos y estilos de vida durante la pandemia de COVID-19 constituyeron factores de riesgo para el aumento de la adiposidad abdominal en campesinos normopesos y sobrepesos. Las mediciones antropométricas demostraron su utilidad para el monitoreo del estado nutricional de poblaciones rurales agrícolas.

Introducción: La obesidad y el déficit de vitamina D son alteraciones que están presentes en el adulto mayor, pero su asociación entre ambos no está del todo claro. Objetivo: Determinar la asociación entre obesidad y el déficit de vitamina D en población adulta mayor. Métodos: Revisión sistemática de estudios observacionales. La búsqueda se realizó en Pubmed/Medline, SCOPUS, Web of Science, Cochrane Library y EMBASE. La obesidad fue medida a través a través del índice de masa corporal y cintura abdominal; el déficit de vitamina D, por la 25-hidroxi-vitamina D. Estos datos se combinaron con un modelo de efectos aleatorios y las medidas de asociación se calcularon a través del el odds ratio (OR). La heterogeneidad se midió según el I cuadrado. Resultados: Cinco estudios fueron incluidos (n= 17 700. Se encontró asociación entre la vitamina D con la obesidad según índice de masa corporal (OR= 1,36; IC95 %: 1,04-1,77) y según cintura abdominal abdominal (OR=1,74; IC95 %: 1,26-2,40. La heterogeneidad de los efectos entre los estudios fue de moderada a alta. Conclusiones: Se encuentra asociación entre la presencia de obesidad y el déficit de vitamina D en la población anciana.

Introduction: Introduction: total kidney volume (TKV) increases in patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD), which perturbs anthropometric measurements. Objectives: the primary objectives were to investigate the accuracy of waist circumference (WC) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) for determining abdominal obesity in patients with ADPKD by comparison with magnetic resonance images. The secondary objectives were to investigate the associations of energy/macronutrient intake with WC and WHR. Methods: sixty patients with ADPKD were recruited from a nephrology outpatient clinic in this cross-sectional study. Main outcome measures were: TKV, total subcutaneous fat (TSF), total intraperitoneal fat (TIF), WC, WHR, body mass index (BMI), skinfold thickness (SFT), and energy/macronutrient intake. Results: mean age was 48.6 ± 11.3 years, 38 of 60 were women, median TKV was 1486 (IQR, 981-2847) mL. The patients classed as obese by the BMI had higher WC, TSF, TIF, and SFT than did non-obese; however, WHR was similar in obese and non-obese men. In the all-patients group, the WHR of obese and non-obese patients were also similar. TKV was positively correlated with WC and WHR in women, but not in men. In the multivariate analysis, TKV was an independent factor affecting WC and WHR in women. Dietary fat intake was similar in groups with and without abdominal obesity according to WC and WHR. Conclusions: in women with ADPKD, WC and WHR may not be accurate anthropometric measurements for evaluation of abdominal obesity; however, they may be associated with TKV. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Introduction: central obesity is associated with an autonomic dysfunction characterized by an increase in sympathetic activity and a reduction in vagal tone, leading to a decrease in heart rate variability. Objective: we aimed to analyze the relationship between the time and frequency domains of heart rate variability with central obesity, and its hemodynamic variables in normal-weight, overweight and obese adults. Methods: a total of 65 adults were evaluated (25.4 ± 3.2 years old) and distributed in 3 groups: normal weight group (NW group), overweight group (OW group) and obese group (OB group). Heart rate variability parameters at rest and both anthropometric and hemodynamic variables were recorded. Results: the results showed a positive correlation between waist circunference and LF/HF ratio in the OW (p = 0.0008; r = 0.6607; r2 = 0.4365) and OB (p = 0.0001; r = 0.8286; r2 = 0.6866) groups. The waist-to-height ratio showed significant differences with HF in the NW, OW, and OB groups. The variables related to the parasympathetic system (SDNN, RMSSD, pNN50, HF) in the OB and OW groups showed a decrease in values when compared to the NW group. Likewise, the variable related to the sympathetic system (LF) in the OB and OW groups increased its values when compared with the NW group. The LF/HF ratio increased from the NW group to the OW and OB groups (1.6 ± 0.7; 2.5 ± 1.8 and 3.3 ± 0.7). Conclusion: overweight and obese adults present a modulation of sympathetic activity predominance at rest. This increased activity is represented by the time and frequency domains of heart rate variability, having an important correlation with waist circumference and waist-to-height ratio. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Antecedentes: el sobrepeso y la obesidad son importantes factores de riesgo de hipertensión y diabetes tipo 2. Además, imponen una carga significativa sobre el sistema nacional de salud. Objetivo: evaluar la correlación entre el índice de masa corporal (IMC) y la circunferencia de la cintura (CC) con la glucemia de glucosa en ayunas por presión arterial en residentes de la fracción Norma Luisa del municipio de Minga Guazú, Paraguay en 2013. Métodos: Estudio transversal que incluyó a 280 participantes entre 18 y 64 años, de la comunidad Norma Luisa del municipio de Minga Guazú, Paraguay, entre septiembre de 2012 y mayo de 2013. Resultados: en las cuatro categorías de IMC y WC, las diferencias entre los valores medios para la presión arterial sistólica y diastólica y la glucosa en ayunas fueron estadísticamente significativas (p

Objetivo: comparar la utilidad del índice cintura-talla y el índice de masa corporal para detectar factores de riesgo cardiometabólicos en niños de 5-18 años, atendidos en la consulta externa del Hospital Infantil Regional Universitario Doctor Arturo Grullón en el período octubre-diciembre del año 2016. Método: se realizó un estudio observacional, comparativo, de corte transversal y fuente primaria, con una muestra de 118 pacientes. Se midieron las variables sociodemográficas (edad y sexo), antropométricas (peso, talla, IMC, ICT, PC, TA), y laboratorios (glicemia, ALT, colesterol, triglicéridos, HDL, LDL). Para el análisis cuantitativo se calculó el promedio y la desviación estándar, para el análisis cualitativo se utilizó la prueba estadística chi-cuadrado. Resultados: tanto el ICT como el IMC detectan de manera similar las alteraciones de la presión arterial sistólica (ICT=15.9 %, IMC=15 %), diastólica (ICT=20.4 %, IMC= 21.8 %), obesidad (ICT=69.5 %, IMC=73.7 %), HDL (ICT=6.8 %, IMC=5.6 %). En relación a la evaluación de la obesidad ambos índices arrojaron resultados afines, 69.5 % para ICT y 73.7 % el IMC. En la valoración de los niveles altos de ALT se obtuvieron resultados similares, presentando el ICT un 8.1 % y el IMC un 8.9 %. Conclusión: se demostró que tanto el ICT como el IMC son buenos predictores de factores de riesgos cardiometabólicos.

Introduction: Introduction: early detection of childhood obesity plays a crucial role in the prevention of diseases during adulthood. At present, the most commonly used screening tool for detecting overweight/obesity in children is the percentile for age of body mass index, although this rate is unable to provide information about fat distribution. An emerging marker of abdominal fat distribution is waist circumference (WC). Objective: the aim of this study was to evaluate the differences between the different diagnostic criteria available to define overweight and obesity in order to establish the optimal WC cut-off values for the Spanish children population. Methods: a cross-sectional study was carried out in 8,241 schoolchildren aged 3 to 12 years from Villanueva de la Cañada (Madrid, Spain). WC (cm), weight (kg) and height (cm) were measured according to the recommendations of the Society for the Advancement of Kineanthropometry (ISAK). The values obtained for the diagnostic criteria (Spanish Orbegozo Foundation (OF), the International Obesity Task Force (IOTF), and the World Health Organization (WHO) were compared using McNemar's test for paired proportions. The kappa coefficient (κ) was used to assess the degree of agreement of the three classifications. We analyzed the validity of body mass index (BMI) and WC using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. The Youden index was used to determine cut-off values for WC that identify childhood obesity Results: overweight and obesity prevalences were calculated according to the OF, IOTF, and WHO criteria. There was a "substantial" agreement for the overweight and obesity categories between the Spanish criteria and IOTF (κ = 0.636), while agreement was "slight" between the Spanish criteria and those of WHO (κ = 0.198). The estimated cut-off WC criteria ranged from 54.5 to 88.0, varying according to sex and age. Conclusion: the proposed WC cut-off values, stated for the first time in a young Spanish population, are a simple and valid alternative as diagnostic criteria of abdominal obesity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Introducción: El objetivo de este trabajo fue describir la prevalencia y los factores asociados a la obesidad abdominal de adultos de 20 a 59 años del Estado de Pernambuco, Brasil. Material y métodos: Estudio epidemiológico de corte transversal con una muestra representativa de la población adulta de áreas urbanas y rurales de este estado brasileño (1.496 personas). La circunferencia de la cintura (CC), fue utilizada como indicador de riesgo de enfermedad cardiovascular y predictor de la obesidad abdominal. Resultados: La prevalencia de obesidad abdominal en los adultos del Estado de Pernambuco fue de 64,4%. Al realizar los análisis por sexo se encontró una prevalencia de obesidad abdominal de 37,7% (IC: 33,4-42,1) en hombres y 80,7% (IC: 78,1-83,1) en las mujeres respectivamente. En el análisis multivariable ajustado para el sexo masculino mantuvieron asociación con la obesidad abdominal las variables: edad y trabajo formal y en relación a las mujeres se encontró asociación con edad, escolaridad y menopausia. Conclusiones: Alta prevalencia de obesidad abdominal en la población adulta de la región Nordeste de Brasil, asociada a algunos factores de tipo social y biológicos, reflejan la necesidad de mayor planificación e implementación de estrategias intersectoriales vinculadas al control y prevención de este importante problema nutricional.

Introduction: Introduction: in the Brazilian population it is noted that obesity is increasing in all ages, particularly in the elderly, due to changes in habits and the consumption of foods with high energy density. The objective of this study was to reanalyze the data from a Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) in order to obtain new food patterns from the elderly population. Methods: sociodemographic data, morbidities, and Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) results were collected from a representative sample of 355 elderly in the city of Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil, and stratified by Basic Health Unit in the municipality. The data from the FFQ were transformed into daily consumption, and only foods with an intake of at least 40 % were included in the analysis. Eating patterns were obtained by means of an exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis using the principal component method, associating them with obesity and demographic variables obtained via structural equation models (SEMs). Results: with the data from the FFQ, four eating patterns were obtained using the exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis: healthy, traditional, snacks and weekend meals, and mild diet. Using SEMs and considering general obesity as measured by the body mass index (BMI), being female, younger, hypertensive, diabetic, and having lower adherence to the traditional pattern increases BMI. Additionally, using SEMs and considering central obesity as measured by waist circumference (WC), being hypertensive or diabetic, and having a lower adherence to the traditional pattern increases WC. Conclusion: removing excess zeroes from FFQ data it was possible to obtain well-defined eating patterns using the exploratory and confirmatory analysis, and to associate them with obesity through SEMs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The 2D:4D is thought as a biomarker for prenatal androgen exposure. Some studies have reported a significant difference between the sexes. Earlier studies reported variations in different ethnic and geographic groups. 2D:4D is related to several medical conditions including cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and metabolic syndrome (MetS). The present study investigated the relationships between hand preference, ratio of the index finger (2nd digit: 2D) and ring finger (4th digit: 4D) lengths (2D:4D), height, waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), waist circumference (WC) and weight, body mass index (BMI) in a Turkish population. The study comprised 118 healthy subjects (68 males and 50 females). 2D and 4D finger lengths and some anthropometric traits (height, weight, WC) were measured. The BMI and WHtR were calculated. Hand preference was determined by using a questionnaire (Edinburgh handedness inventory). Geschwind scores were calculated to evaluate the degree of hand preference. The mean age was 26.74 (female 27.86, male 25.89). The right hand 2D:4D was found significantly lower in males (0.9797) than in females (0.9922) (p< 0.001), but the left hand 2D:4D was insignificant. Significant correlations (negative) were observed between the 2D:4D (both left and right) and WHtR; the 2D:4D ratio (both left and right) and WC in males. However, in females, these correlations were insignificant. The R2D:4D was sexually dimorphic in a Turkish population. There were significant differences between strong right (SR) and weak left (WL) in terms of the R2D:4D. However only 5 subject's hand preference was found WL. Therefore, further studies are needed to determine the relationships between hand preference and R2D:4D in Turkish population. Further studies are needed to determine whether a larger sample population alters these possible associations between the ratio of 2D:4D and other investigated traits in a Turkish population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objetivo: avaliar indicadores antropométricos e demográficos associados à pressão arterial elevada em crianças de 6 a 10 anos de idade de áreas urbana e rural de Minas Gerais. Método: estudo transversal realizado com 335 crianças. Foram coletados dados antropométricos, demográficos e de pressão arterial. As análises foram realizadas por meio dos testes Qui-quadrado, t student, Mann-Whitney e regressão logística, com cálculo do odds ratio como medida de associação. Resultados: a prevalência de pressão arterial elevada foi significativamente maior entre as crianças da área rural. Na área urbana, a chance de pressão arterial elevada foi maior nas crianças que possuíam o índice de massa corporal elevado (2,97 [1,13-7,67]) e, na área rural, naquelas que possuíam a circunferência da cintura aumentada (35,4 [3,0-406,2]) e faixa etária de 9-10 anos (4,29 [1,46-12,6]). Conclusão: o índice de massa corporal e a circunferência da cintura elevados foram importantes indicadores antropométricos para a pressão arterial elevada, assim como a idade em crianças residentes na área rural. A avaliação do índice de massa corporal e da circunferência da cintura, para além das avaliações nutricionais, representa importante ação para o rastreio de pressão arterial elevada em crianças de diferentes contextos territoriais.

The aim of this research was to determine the level of adiposity and obesity among Macedonian adolescents and to compare the results with previous studies conducted in this population, as well as those conducted in other populations. The sample included 2390 adolescents from four urban different regions of R. Macedonia aged between 11 to 18 years; 1238 males and 1152 females. Weight, height, waist, and hip circumference (WC, HC) as well as triceps, calf, subscapular, and suprailiac skinfold thickness (SFT) were measured. Body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), subscapular/triceps skinfold ratio (STR), and percentage body fat were computed. The prevalence of overweight and obesity defined by the IOTF children growth reference were calculated and age-dependent and gender-specific smoothed percentile curves for BMI and ROC curves were generated. The boys have statistically significantly higher values of WC, WHR and WHtR in all adult categories (except WHtR at 18 years old), greater body weight at the age of 12 to 18, and body weight 13 to 18 years (p<0.001). Weight, height and BMI are increasing with age in both, boys and girls, and decreases in girls. The level of adiposity of Macedonian adolescents has increased over the past 20 years and has reached the level of developed countries that face an obesity epidemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Introducción. La circunferencia de la cintura es una medida antropométrica importantísima en el estudio de la obesidad, pero no existe una población de referencia nacional. Objetivo. Poner a disposición una referencia percentilar suavizada y mostrar algunas características en relación a una serie de variables estudiadas. Diseño. Estudio descriptivo, observacional, transversal. Participantes. Adolescentes. Intervenciones. En 8 236 adolescentes de 14 a 19 años se midió la circunferencia de la cintura. Principales medidas de resultados. Promedios, desviación estándar y prevalencias de riesgo cardiovascular. Resultados. Se presenta una referencia nacional de valores de circunferencia de la cintura y se toma el valor correspondiente al 90 percentilo como nivel de corte para identificar a los adolescentes con riesgo cardiovascular. Del total de la población estudiada, el 12% presentaba riesgo. Los que mostraban mayor riesgo fueron los del género masculino (12,1%), los que vivían en áreas urbanas (15,9%), en los dominios de Costa Sur (27,1%) y Lima Metropolitana (19,9%), en ciudades por debajo de los 1000 msnm (15,4%), los obesos (94,8%) y los considerados no pobres (14,7%). A excepción del género, las demás variables presentaron una asociación significativamente estadística con la circunferencia de la cintura. Conclusiones. El riesgo cardiovascular ya estuvo presente a una edad temprana, lo que obliga a tomar las medidas correspondientes para su tratamiento.

Antecedentes: la cintura hipertrigliceridémica (CHT) se asocia a elevado riesgo cardiometabólico (RCM) en adultos, sin embargo, se dispone de poca información si el mismo refleja cambios metabólicos adversos en adolescentes con y sin exceso de peso. Objetivo: evaluar el perfil de RCM asociado con la CHT y su capacidad para predecir factores de RCM en adolescentes, categorizados según el puntaje Z del índice de masa corporal. Materiales y métodos: se evaluaron 96 adolescentes (12-17 años) divididos en dos grupos: normopeso y sobrepeso/obesidad. Se determino peso, talla, circunferencia de cintura, presión arterial, estadio de maduración sexual y marcadores bioquímicos de RCM. Se calculó un índice de RCM agrupado (IRCMa). Resultados: la frecuencia de CHT fue de 9,8%. El número de casos de CHT fue mayor al avanzar la maduración sexual (p

Background: it has become a controversy if obesity per se is an independent cardiometabolic risk factor it self or it influences like a contributing element of other factors, specially hypertension, insulin resistance and dislipidemias. Objective: determining which of the anthropometric parameters used to quantify obesity is more associated to the cardiometabolic risk factors. Methods: a correlational and descriptive study in 105 workers of the Medical Sciences University of Cienfuegos from June 2011 to July 2013. There were operationalized like clinical variables: measurement of the abdominal waist, index of corporal mass, cutaneous crease and blood pressure; and like variables of laboratory: total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, glucemia and tri-glycerides. It was calculated the correlation coefficient of Pearson with 95 % confidence interval. Results: it was evidenced a light increment of total cholesterol in individuals of the masculine sex at expense of HDL, without modifications in the rest of the variables. In no obese individuals a bigger propensity to the cardiometabolic risk was observed. The index of greasy mass did not show significant correlation with the rest of anthropometric parameters. There is a narrow correlation among individuals with altered abdominal waist and the criteria established for the diagnosis of metabolic syndrome. Conclusions: the perimeter of waist constitutes a parameter of essential measure in the obese patient's evaluation, independently of the IMC, since it has been demonstrated a positive association between abdominal obesity and cardiometabolic risk.

Copyright of Revista Nutrición Clínica y Dietética Hospitalaria is the property of Sociedad Espanola de Dietetica y Ciencias de la Alimentacion and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: to determine the prevalence of obesity according to waist/height ratio in four municipalities of the Colombian Caribbean. Materials and methods: descriptive, cross-sectional study. Secondary source information was analyzed from 1161 people aged 20 to 64 from 4 municipalities in the department of Atlántico, where anthropometric measurements (weight, height, waist circumference) were carried out in a standardized way. The prevalence of obesity according to international standards for body mass index, waist circumference and waist size ratio was analyzed, and prevalence are compared according to sociodemographic variables. The concordance between the three measurements is also evaluated, according to the Kappa test. Results: 72% of participants were women. 36% of respondents was under 40 years of age. Prevalence of obesity by RCT: 81.3%, by waist circumference: 77.2%, and by BMI: 27.7%. It was significantly higher in: older people, engaged in housework, in those who do not live in pairs, in those with lower educational levels, and in those belonging to a contributory regime. The total agreement between RCT and PC, was 0.766. Conclusions: the waist-to-size relationship is a sensitive indicator of obesity. It is necessary to use it with other indicators and to evaluate its relationship with cardiovascular risk factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to identify dietary patterns and assess their association with abdominal fat. A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Central West Region of Brazil with a probabilistic sample of 208 adults of both sexes. Data on food intake was obtained using a food frequency questionnaire and factor analysis (principal components) was conducted to identify dietary patterns. Waist circumference (WC) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) were used to assess abdominal fat. The association between dietary patterns and body fat distribution was examined using multiple linear regression analysis adjusted for confounders. Three dietary patterns were identified: Western, regional traditional, and prudent. A positive association was found between the Western pattern and WC (p = 0.04) and WHR (p = 0.001) and between the regional traditional pattern and WHR (p = 0.05) among women. A slight association was also found between the latter pattern and WC (p = 0.07) also among women. An association was found between the Western and regional traditional dietary patterns and a larger concentration of abdominal fat among women.

Antecedentes: la enfermedad cardiovascular se asocia con alteraciones lipídicas, hiperglucemia y exceso de peso. Objetivo: asociar las alteraciones en los lípidos séricos y la glucemia con exceso de peso y adiposidad corporal, en adolescentes aparentemente sanos. Material y métodos: estudio descriptivo transversal en 372 adolescentes de12 a 15 años, de la escuela secundaria básica Protesta de Baraguá-Cuba, en quienes se relacionó el índice de masa corporal (IMC) y circunferencia de la cintura con los lípidos séricos y la glucemia. Resultados: se encontraron las siguientes prevalencias: CT≥170 mg/dL, 24,7%; c-LDL≥110 mg/dL, 12,6%; TG≥90 mg/dL, 34,1%; c-HDL≤45 mg/dL, 16,1% y glucemia >125mg/dL 10,5%. La prevalencia de exceso de peso según IMC >p85 fue 14,7% y la de valores de riesgo y atípicos de circunferencia de cintura (CC) fue 23,6%. Según Chi2 en las mujeres se encontraron diferencias entre glucemia >125mg/dL según IMC y CC (p0,05). Conclusión: en los adolescentes estudiados las prevalencias de exceso de peso y de adiposidad central fueron altas, las relaciones entre valores alterados de TG, c-HDL e hiperglucemia con exceso de peso y adiposidad central dependen del sexo.

In recent years, it has grown reflection on what is the best anthropometric parameter for measuring overweight and obesity, which consistently stratify the risk for cardiovascular events and cause mortality.

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Objectives. To examine both body mass index (BMI) status and waist circunference (WC) in a large international sample of adult Special Olympics participants from Latin America. It also explored the association of age and sex with obesity in this population. Materials and methods. BMI and WC records from a total of 4 174 (2 683 male and 1 491 female) participant records from the Special Olympics International Health Promotion database were examined. Results. The prevalence of overweight and obesity was quite high (i.e. > 40%), but generally lower than studies involving adults with intellectual disabilities from Europe and the USA. Chi-square analyses revealed that both increasing age and being female significantly predicted levels of overweight, obesity, and WC. Conclusions. These results suggest that efforts need to be made to prevent and reduce rates of overweight and obesity among Latin American Special Olympics participants, particularly women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: To examine trends in the relationship between smoking history and both general and central fatness in adults from a Mediterranean setting. Materials and methods: The ENCAT 1992-1993 and 2002-2003 surveys were used; samples consisted of 482 men, 589 women from 1992-1993, and 515 men, 613 women from 2002-2003, aged 25-60 years. Measured anthropometry and self-reported data on smoking habits, diet, lifestyle and SES were collected. General fatness was defined as WHO's BMI overweight and obesity, and central fatness was defined as WHO's Increased-Risk-for-metabolic-complications Waist Circumference (IR WC) and Substantially-Increased-Risk WC (SIR WC). Simple logistic regression was used to estimate multivariate-adjusted associations between general/central fatness and smoking history.Results: By 2002-2003, most associations observed in 1992-1993 had been strongly attenuated: only male current-heavy-smoking remained associated with IR/SIR WC (three-fold) and female current-moderate-smokers were 0.57 times less likely to have an IR/SIR WC (p < 0.10).Conclusions: Although causality cannot be established, results suggest a positive association between heavy smoking and central fatness among men, but no association between former smoking and general/central fatness; findings strengthen arguments for promoting smoking cessation to reduce smoking -and obesity- associated morbidity and mortality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cancer aetiology is multifactorial; risk factors comprise obesity, central adiposity, physical inactivity and excessive/deficient intake of foods and/or nutrients with pro-carcinogenic/protective effects. We aim to analyze the pattern of nutritional status, food intake and physical activity in a cohort of cancer patients. This pilot cross-sectional study was conducted in 64 outpatients referred for Radiotherapy. Nutritional parameters evaluated: BMI, waist circumference, body composition by tetrapolar bioimpedance (Xitron®). Usual food intake was collected with a short food frequency questionnaire and physical activity was assessed with Jacksons' questionnaire. Overweight/obesity and excessive body fat mass prevalence was of 53% and 61%, respectively. Central obesity, which indicates moderate/high cardio-metabolic risk, was found in 78% of patients. Food frequency analysis showed a poor intake in vegetables and a high intake in meat and carbohydrates. Physical inactivity was prevalent. This pilot study in cancer patients, showed a high prevalence of overweight/obesity, excessive fat mass and central obesity, simultaneously with sedentary lifestyles and an inadequate diet, poor in protective foods and excessive in deleterious ones. Thus, these patients exhibit a high risk pattern for cancer development and for a poorer prognosis. The implementation of measures to promote balanced and protective diets and to encourage physical activity practice is urgently needed.

The present study aimed to assess the prevalence of the hypertriglyceridemic waist phenotype and its associated factors among subjects that have been followed up from birth. In 1982, all maternity hospitals in the city of Pelotas, in the Southern Region of Brazil, were visited and all births were recorded. Babies whose parents lived in the urban area of Pelotas were subsequently followed up on several occasions. A 22 to 23-year follow-up of this birth cohort was carried out in 2004 and 2005. The presence of the hypertriglyceridemic waist phenotype was defined as waist circumference ≥ 90cm and triglyceride levels ≥ 177mg/dL for males, and waist circumference ≥ 85cm and triglyceride levels ≥ 133mg/dL for females. The prevalence of the hypertriglyceridemic waist phenotype was 5.9% and 4.5% among men and women, respectively. Among males, a sedentary lifestyle during leisure time, smoking and obesity were associated with the presence of the hypertriglyceridemic waist phenotype, whereas among females the condition was positively associated with skin color, family income, obesity and dietary fat intake.El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar la prevalencia del fenotipo de la cintura hipertrigliceridémica y sus factores asociados entre individuos que fueron observados desde su nacimiento. En 1982, las maternidades de Pelotas, sur de Brasil, fueron visitadas y todos los nacimientos fueron identificados. En 2004-2005, se decidió realizar un seguimiento de toda la cohorte. La presencia del fenotipo de la cintura hipertrigliceridémica se definió como una circunferencia de la cintura ≥ 90cm y triglicéridos ≥ 177mg/dL para el sexo masculino y circunferencia de la cintura ≥ 85cm y triglicéridos ≥ 133mg/dL para las mujeres. La prevalencia del fenotipo de la cintura hipertrigliceridémica fue de un 5,9% y un 4,5% entre los hombres y mujeres, respectivamente. Para los hombres, el sedentarismo en el ocio, tabaquismo y obesidad estuvo asociado con el fenotipo de la cintura hipertrigliceridémica. Por otro lado, entre las mujeres, el fenotipo de la cintura hipertrigliceridémica fue positivamente asociado con el color de la piel, renta familiar, obesidad y consumo de grasa.O presente estudo teve como objetivo determinar a prevalência do fenótipo da cintura hipertrigliceridêmica e seus fatores associados entre indivíduos que foram seguidos desde o nascimento. Em 1982, as maternidades de Pelotas, sul do Brasil, foram visitadas e todos os nascimentos foram identificados. Em 2004-2005, buscou-se acompanhar toda a coorte. A presença de fenótipo da cintura hipertrigliceridêmica foi definida como circunferência da cintura ≥ 90cm e triglicerídeos ≥ 177mg/dL para o sexo masculino, e circunferência da cintura ≥ 85cm e triglicerídeos ≥ 133mg/dL para as mulheres. A prevalência de fenótipo da cintura hipertrigliceridêmica foi de 5,9% e 4,5% entre os homens e mulheres, respectivamente. Para os homens, o sedentarismo no lazer, tabagismo e obesidade estiveram associados com fenótipo da cintura hipertrigliceridêmica. Por outro lado, entre as mulheres, fenótipo da cintura hipertrigliceridêmica foi positivamente associado com a cor da pele, renda familiar, obesidade e consumo de gordura.

Introducción: la señal aterosclerótica temprana ha sido identificada como una línea prioritaria de investigación para el Centro de Investigaciones y Referencia de Aterosclerosis de la Habana. Objetivo: determinar a través del pesquisaje las señales ateroscleróticas tempranas en niños de 6 a 11 años. Material y método: se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo y transversal en 247 niños aparentemente sanos pertenecientes al semi-internado "Salvador González Delgado" del área de salud del Policlínico "Hermanos Cruz" del municipio de Pinar del Río en el período 2009-2010. Los datos fueron almacenados en una base de datos en Microsoft Excel 2003, y procesados mediante el programa Statistica 4.2. Las variables fueron resumidas mediante frecuencias absolutas y relativas porcentuales. Resultados: se halló un 23,9 % de niños sobrepesos y un 39,3 % de obesos, el 73,3% estaban afectados por tabaquismo pasivo. Se identificaron un 24,7% de niños prehipertensos y un 3,2 % de hipertensos. Conclusiones: la presencia demostrada de señales aterogénicas tempranas asociadas al sobrepeso corporal, a la circunferencia de la cintura, a la tensión arterial y al hábito de fumar pasivo, encontrado en niños supuestamente sanos de entre 6 y 11 años por su médico de familia, sus padres y sus maestros, constituyen una señal de alarma para las autoridades de salud y obliga al pesquisaje activo y sistemático de estas señales en todos los niños.Introduction: early atherosclerotic signs have been identified as a top priority of investigation to the Research Center and Reference of Atherosclerosis in Havana Province. Objective: to screen early atherosclerotic signs in children from 6 to 11 years old.Material and Method: an observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted in 247 children apparently healthy enroll at "Salvador Gonzalez Delgado" elementary school, belonging to "Hermanos Cruz" health area in Pinar del Rio province during 2009-2010. The data were stored in a database (Microsoft Excel 2003) and processed using the Statistics 4.2 program. The variables were summed up by means of absolute and relative percentage frequencies. Results: 23.9 % of children were overweight and 39,3% obese, 73,3% were affected by passive smoking. Pre-hypertensive children (24,7%) were identified and 3,2% suffered from hypertension. Conclusions: the presence of early atherogenic signs associated with overweight bodies, waist circumference, blood pressure and passive smoking in children apparently healthy (6 to 11 years old) found by family doctors, parents and school teachers constitute warning indicators to the health authorities, undertaking active and systematic screening of these signs in children.

Com o objetivo de estimar a prevalência de obesidade abdominal e avaliar os fatores associados em adultos do Estado de Pernambuco, Brasil, foi realizado, em 2006, um estudo transversal, de base populacional, envolvendo 1.580 indivíduos na faixa etária de 25-59 anos. A obesidade abdominal foi determinada pela circunferência da cintura ≥ 80cm para mulheres e ≥ 94cm para homens. O modelo conceitual considerou variáveis socioeconômicas, demográficas, reprodutivas e comportamentais. A prevalência de obesidade abdominal foi de 27,1% (IC95%: 23,8-30,7) no sexo masculino e 69,9% (IC95%: 66,8-72,8) no feminino (p < 0,001). A análise ajustada revelou maior prevalência em homens a partir de 50 anos, da região metropolitana, de maior renda, ex-fumantes e consumidores de bebidas alcoólicas. Entre as mulheres, foi mais prevalente a partir de 30 anos, em ex-fumantes e naquelas com a primeira gestação antes de 18 anos. Fica evidente a gravidade e a multifatorialidade do problema da adiposidade central no Estado de Pernambuco, além de ser possível destacar que os determinantes da obesidade são diferentes entre os sexos.Con el objetivo de estimar la prevalencia de obesidad abdominal y evaluar los factores asociados en adultos del estado de Pernambuco, Brasil, se realizó, en 2006, un estudio transversal, de base poblacional, involucrando a 1.580 individuos en una franja de edad de 25-59 años. La obesidad abdominal fue determinada por la circunferencia de la cintura ≥ 80cm para mujeres y ≥ 94cm para hombres. El modelo conceptual consideró variables socioeconómicas, demográficas, reproductivas y de comportamiento. La prevalencia de obesidad abdominal fue de un 27,1% (IC95%: 23,8-30,7) en el sexo masculino y un 69,9% (IC95%: 66,8-72,8) en el femenino (p < 0,001). El análisis ajustado reveló mayor prevalencia en hombres a partir de 50 años, de la región metropolitana, de mayor renta, ex-fumadores y consumidores de bebidas alcohólicas. Entre las mujeres, fue más prevalente a partir de 30 años, en ex-fumadoras y en aquellas con la primera gestación antes de los 18 años. Es evidente la gravedad y la multifactorialidad del problema de la adiposidad central en el estado de Pernambuco, además de ser destacable que los determinantes de la obesidad son diferentes entre los sexos.In order to estimate the prevalence of abdominal obesity and associated factors in Pernambuco State, Brazil, a cross-sectional population-based study was conducted in 2006, including 1,580 adults 25 to 59 years of age. Abdominal obesity was defined as waist circumference (WC) ≥ 80cm in women and ≥ 94cm in men. The conceptual model included demographic, socioeconomic, reproductive, and behavioral variables. Prevalence of abdominal obesity was 27.1% (95%CI: 23.8-30.7) in males and 69.9% (95%CI: 66.8-72.8) in females (p < 0.001). Multivariate analysis showed higher prevalence in men 50 years or older in the metropolitan area and those with higher income, former smokers, and drinkers. Among women, obesity was more prevalent above 30 years of age, in former smokers, and in women with first pregnancy before age 18. Central adiposity is clearly a multifactor condition in the State of Pernambuco, and the determinants of obesity differ between the sexes.

Introduction: Since the excess of body fat is associated with higher morbid-mortality rates (mainly in adults), precise, reliable, cost-effective, and broadly applicable methods are necessary for its assessment in population-based studies and in clinical practice. Objective: To evaluate the correlation between body fat estimated either by bioelectrical impedance or by the sum of skinfold thicknesses and anthropometric indicators of fat distribution. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted enrolled 348 undergraduate students (median 21 years), from the Federal University of Pernambuco, Northeast Brazil. Results: 262 of the subjects were women. Mean body fat assessed by bioelectrical impedance was 22.3 ± 6.2% in women and 15.2 ± 4.2% in men. Body fat obtained by the sum of skinfold thicknesses was similar to that assessed by bioelectrical impedance only in men. A strong correlation was observed between body fat assessed by bioelectrical impedance and that assessed by the sum of the skinfold thicknesses, waist circumference and waist-to-height ratio. Regarding the conicity index, there was a moderate correlation for men and a weak correlation for women. Conclusions: The sum of skinfold thicknesses surrogate of body fat percentage and can be used to assess body fat when BIA is not available in the field. Additional information about central fat distribution can be supply by measuring the waist circumference or waist-to-height ratio.Introducción: Desde que el exceso de grasa corporal se asocia con mayores tasas de morbi-mortalidad (sobre todo en los adultos), los métodos precisos y fiables, rentables, y aplicables en términos generales son necesarios para su evaluación en estudios basados en población y en la práctica clínica. Objetivo: Evaluar la correlación entre la grasa corporal estimada, ya sea por impedancia bioeléctrica o por la suma de pliegues cutáneos y los indicadores antropométricos de la distribución de la grasa. Métodos: Un estudio transversal se realizó con 348 estudiantes, con una edad promedio de 21 años, de la Universidad Federal de Pernambuco, nordeste de Brasil. La grasa corporal se evaluó mediante impedancia bioeléctrica y la suma de pliegues cutáneos. Circunferencia de la cintura, la relación cintura-altura y el índice de conicidad fueron utilizados como indicadores centrales de distribución de grasa Resultados: 262 de los sujetos eran mujeres. Media de la grasa corporal por impedancia bioeléctrica evaluados fue de 22,3 ± 6,2% en mujeres y 15,2 ± 4,2% en los hombres. Grasa corporal obtenida mediante la suma de pliegues cutáneos fue similar a la evaluada por impedancia bioeléctrica sólo en los hombres. Una fuerte correlación se observó entre la grasa corporal evaluada por impedancia bioeléctrica y espesores de los evaluados por la suma de los pliegues cutáneos, circunferencia de la cintura y relación cintura-altura. En cuanto al índice de conicidad, se observó una correlación moderada para los hombres y una correlación débil para las mujeres. Conclusiones: La suma de pliegues cutáneos se puede utilizar para evaluar la grasa corporal en la ausencia de la impedancia bioeléctrica. Información adicional sobre la distribución de la grasa central puede ser la oferta mediante la medición del circunferencia de la cintura o la relación cintura-altura.

Background and objective: Different anatomical locations for measuring waist circumference are described in the literature but the best anatomical location for measuring waist circumference in older adults has yet to be established. Thus, an exploratory study was developed to examine which waist circumference best explains abdominal fat mass in older adults. Methods: Waist circumference was measured in the ten different anatomical locations from a sample of 51 older adults. The choice of which waist circumference measurement best associated with abdominal fat mass was evaluated with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) measurement of abdominal fat. Results: Mean waist circumference values varied from 81.9 (standard deviation (SD): 8.7) cm and 91.5 (SD: 11.2) cm for women and between 95.7 (SD: 8.2) cm and 101.5 (SD: 10.4) cm for men, according to the different anatomical locations. The coefficients of determination of the linear regression model varied from 0.545 to 0.698 (p < 0.001) and the standardised coefficients varied from 0.738 and 0.836 (p < 0.001). The anatomical landmark situated 2.5 cm above the umbilicus was the waist circumference measurement that associated best with abdominal fat mass measured by DXA. Conclusion: This exploratory study contributes to the recognition that the anatomical location where the waist circumference measurement is taken gives considerably different results. The waist circumference measurement 2.5 cm above the umbilicus was the best surrogate measure of abdominal fat in this older adult's sample.Fundamento y objetivo: La literatura describe diferentes localizaciones anatómicas para medir la circunferencia de la cintura. Sin embargo, la mejor localización anatómica para tal medición en ancianos aun no se ha establecido. El presente estudio exploratorio pretende determinar cuál es el lugar anatómico que se asocia mejor entre la medida del perímetro de la cintura y el tejido adiposo abdominal en esta población. Método: Se midió la circunferencia de la cintura en diez lugares anatómicos diferentes, en una muestra de 51 ancianos. El tejido adiposo abdominal se determinó mediante absorciometría de doble energía de rayos X (DXA). Resultados: Los valores medios de la circunferencia de cintura, teniendo en cuenta las mediciones en distintos lugares anatómicos, variaron de 81,9 cm (desviación estándar (DE): 8,7) a 91,5 cm (DE: 11,2) entre las mujeres y de 95,7 cm (DE: 8,2) a 101,5 cm (DE: 10,4) entre los hombres. Los coeficientes de determinación del modelo de regresión lineal variaron entre 0,545 y 0,698 (p < 0,001) y los coeficientes estandarizados variaron entre 0,738 y 0,836 (p < 0,001). El punto de referencia anatómico situado a 2,5 cm por encima del ombligo ha sido la medición de la circunferencia de cintura que mejor se asocia con el tejido adiposo abdominal medida por DXA. Conclusión: Este estudio exploratorio demuestra que la localización anatómica donde se realiza la medición de circunferencia de la cintura influye en los resultados que se obtienen. La medición a 2,5 cm por encima del ombligo se ha mostrado como el mejor indicador del tejido adiposo en esta muestra de ancianos.

Introducción: El síndrome metabólico constituye una constelación de condiciones que al confluir en un mismo individuo incrementa el riesgo cardiovascular y la aparición ulterior de Diabetes mellitus. La circunferencia de la cintura es una herramienta útil para el diagnóstico de esta condición al alcance de la Atención Primaria. Sin embargo, no se cuenta con valores cubanos que establezcan un punto de corte para diagnosticar el síndrome metabólico. Objetivo: Determinar el valor de corte de la circunferencia de la cintura para el diagnóstico de síndrome metabólico en una población de La Habana. Método: Estudio descriptivo de corte transversal realizado en 116 adultos del consultorio 5 del Policlínico Camilo Cienfuegos durante el 2009. Se midió la circunferencia de la cintura y el resto de las variables contenidas en los criterios del Adult Treatment Panel ATP III. Mediante el sistema SPSS se obtuvo la curva ROC para ambos sexos ploteando los valores de circunferencia de la cintura con el diagnóstico de Síndrome Metabólico. Resultados: Se obtuvieron como puntos de corte de la circunferencia de la cintura para diagnóstico de síndrome metabólico 89.5cm en la mujer y 93 cm en el hombre. Conclusiones: El punto de corte de circunferencia de la cintura se corresponde en el sexo femenino con los valores del ATP III. Se recomienda ampliar el estudio a otras comunidades para obtener datos más fiables.circumference is a useful tool in primary care units it doesn't exist a Cuban cut-off point of waist circumference to diagnose the metabolic syndrome. Objective:To establish a cut-off point level of waist circumference for the diagnosis of the metabolic syndrome by making a study at Camilo Cienfuegos community in Havana city. Methods:It was made a cross sectional study in 116 adults at Camilo Cienfuegos community in 2009. Waist circumference was measured taking into consideration the Adult treatment panel criteria (ATP III).ROC curve was obtained by using SPSS system plotting the values of waist circumference related to metabolic syndrome. Results:They were established 89,5 cm and 93 cm as cut-off points of waist circumference to diagnose metabolic syndrome in women and men respectively. Conclusions:The established cut-off point level of waist circumference in women to diagnose the metabolic syndrome is similar to the one proposed by the ATP III criteria.

Introducción: la obesidad es una enfermedad crónica y multifactorial que junto con el sobrepeso, es ahora el factor de riesgo cardiovascular más frecuente en personas con enfermedad coronaria establecida. Objetivo: describir cómo se evidencian algunos indicadores de adiposidad en una cohorte de individuos asistentes a un consultorio del médico de la familia del Policlínico 1ro de Enero del municipio Playa. Material y Método: se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo, de corte transversal, en 383 pacientes atendidos en el consultorio Núm.13 del Policlínico 1ro de Enero, en el municipio Playa, provincia La Habana, en los meses de septiembre y octubre del 2011. Se analizaron las variables edad, sexo, índice de masa corporal, circunferencia de la cintura, circunferencia de la cadera e índice cintura-cadera. Resultados: se obtuvo una frecuencia relativa de sobrepeso y obesidad de 38,9% y 17,2% respectivamente. El 47,8% tenía obesidad abdominal al utilizar la circunferencia de la cintura como marcador y 88,8% cuando se usó el índice cintura-cadera. Conclusiones: existió un porcentaje elevado de pacientes con obesidad, sobrepeso y un aumento de la distribución abdominal de la grasa corporal, sobre todo, al utilizar el índice cintura-cadera como marcador antropométrico.Introduction: the obesity and overweight are two chronic and multifactorial diseases that constitute the factors of more frequent cardiovascular risks in people with established coronary illness. Objective: to describe how some indicators of adiposity are evidenced in a cohort of assisting individuals to outpatient desk at the "1ro de Enero" polyclinic in Playa municipality. Material and Methods: a cross sectional, descriptive and observational study was made. The study universe was constituted by 383 patients that visited the Núm.13 outpatient desk at the "1ro de Enero" polyclinic, Playa municipality, Havana, in the months of September and October of 2011. The variable age, sex, corporal mass Index, circumference of the waist, circumference of de hip, waist hip index were analyzed. Results: it was identified a 38, 9% of people with overweight and 17, 2% with obesity. 47,8% of people had abdominal obesity when the circumference of the waist was used as marker and 88,8% with the waist hip index. Conclusions: we concluded that in this population exist a high percentage of patients with obesity, overweight and an increase of the abdominal distribution of the corporal fat, mainly when using the waist hip index.

Background: The measurement of waist circumference (WC) is the most prevalent cause of the metabolic syndrome (MS). Objective: The aim of this study was to correlate WC and BMI with high-density lipoprotein (HDL-c) levels in patients with MS being consulted by the Family Health Program (PSF), Brazil. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from September to November 2008 with 42 patients (29 women and 13 men) from 35 to 77 years. Dietary intake was reported, and biochemical and body composition measures were taken. Results: The HDL-c levels were higher in women when compared to men (48.4 ± 8.1 mg/dL vs. 36.4 ± 7.8 mg/dL). However, the triglycerides (TG)/HDL-c ratio and TG concentrations were lower in women (3.8 ± 1.5 and 178.0 ± 57.8 mg/dL, respectively) than in men (9.4 ± 8.5 and 471.5 ± 501.5 mg/dL, respectively). Regarding skinfold profile, the triceps was greater in females (37.0 ± 8.4 cm vs. 20.7 ± 10.5 cm). The dietetic profile showed that women had a lower intake of energy, fiber, phosphorus and sodium. The fruits and vegetables intake was diminished in the participants of this study, as less than 60% of the women and 50% of men met the daily recommendations. Approximately 54% of men and 28% of women had a lower intake of dairy products daily. Moreover, the results shows that the WC was negatively correlated to HDL-c (r = -0.41, p < 0.05) whereas the BMI is not associated with HDL-c (r = -0.34, p > 0.06). Conclusion: Our findings showed that WC is a better predictor of changes in HDL-c than BMI.Antecedentes: La medición de la circunferencia de la cintura (CC) es la causa más prevalente del síndrome metabólico (SM). Objetivo: el propósito de este estudio fue correlacionar la CC y el IMC con las concentraciones de lipoproteínas de densidad elevada (HDL-c) en pacientes con SM vistos en consulta del Programa de salud familiar (PSF), de Brasil. Métodos: Este estudio trasversal se realizó entre septiembre y noviembre de 2008 en 42 pacientes (29 mujeres y 13 hombres) de 35 a 77 años. Se registró la ingesta dietética y se tomaron medidas biomecánicas de la composición corporal. Resultados: las concentraciones de HDL-c fueron significativamente mayores en las mujeres en comparación con los hombres (48,4 ± 8,1 mg/dl frente a 36,4 ± 7,8 mg/dl). Sin embargo, la relación triglicéridos (TG)/HDL-c y las concentraciones totales de TG (3,8 ± 1,5 mg/dl y 178,0 ± 57,8 mg/dl, respectivamente) fueron menores en las mujeres que en los hombres (9,4 ± 8,5 mg/dl y 471,5 (92,0-1793,5) mg/dl, respectivamente). Con respecto al perfil del pliegue cutáneo, el tríceps fue mayor en mujeres (37,0 ± 8,4 cm frente a 20,7 ± 10,5 cm). El perfil dietético mostró que las mujeres tenían un menor aporte de energía, fibra, fósforo y sodio. La ingestión de frutas y verduras fue baja en los participantes en el estudio, menor del 60 y del 50% de las recomendaciones diarias en mujeres y hombres, respectivamente. Aproximadamente, el 54% de lo hombres y el 28% de las mujeres no tomaba productos lácteos a diario. Además, los resultados muestran que la CC se correlaciona negativamente con la HDL-c (r= -0,41, p < 0,05) mientras que el IMC no se asocia con las HDL-c (r = -0,34, p > 0,06). Conclusión: nuestros hallazgos mostraban que la CC es un mejor predictor de los cambios en las HDL-c que el IMC.

Introducción: La circunferencia de la cintura elevada se ha asociado a un mayor riesgo cardiometabólico. Esta medida antropométrica se usa con frecuencia en el diagnóstico del síndrome metabólico y como marcador sustituto de la obesidad abdominal. Material y métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo de corte transversal, para determinar el grado de acumulación de grasa abdominal y su asociación a otros factores de riesgo y enfermedades consecuentes de la aterosclerosis, en 116 pacientes adultos del Consultorio núm. 5 del Policlínico Camilo Cienfuegos, en el 2010. Resultados: La circunferencia abdominal media obtenida fue 92 cm en la mujer y 91,5 cm en el hombre. La circunferencia de la cintura se asoció a los triglicéridos con Pearson 0,44 y 0,52 (pIntroduction: The circumference of the high waist has been associated to a bigger cardio metabolic risk. This anthropometric measure is frequently used in the diagnosis of the metabolic syndrome and it is a substituted marker of abdominal obesity. Material and methods: It was made a descriptive study of cross sectional cut in 116 adults patients from consulting room 5 in Camilo Cienfuegos polyclinic in 2010 to determine the abdominal fat accumulation degree and its association to other risk factors and the consequent diseases of atherosclerosis. Results: The average abdominal circumference obtained was 92 cm in women and 91.5 cm in men. The waist circumference was associated to Triglycerides with Pearson 0,44 and 0,52(P< 0,01). The main risk factors identified were obesity, hypertriglyceridemia and hypertension. Conclusion: Persons who had a bigger circumference of waist presented higher levels of triglycerides, glycaemia and high blood pressure.