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In this work, seven copolymers possessing thienothiophene and mesitylboron units were prepared. Incorporation of triphenylamine (TPA) and tetraphenylethene (TPE) into TT unit was probed to enhance their light-emitting efficiencies. Density functional theory investigations of the model compounds revealed the presence of an intramolecular charge transfer transition between the donor TT units and the boron acceptor atom. Among the seven TT-boron copolymers, four of them were used for the fabrication of polymer light emitting diodes 9PLEDs) and two of the devices exhibited pure white color according to the CIE. Although the efficiencies of the devices are low, as this study is the first example of thienothiophene inverted perpendicular inverted perpendicular-boron copolymers emitting white color, they are promising examples for future studies.

Synthesis of comonomer, possessing 4,4'-dinonyl-2,2'-bithiazole and 3,5-diphenyldithieno[3,2-b;2',3'-d] thiophene (T-NBT-Ph2DTT-NBT-T) units, was achieved using Stille cross coupling reaction. Its electropolymerization was conducted in acetonitrile, containing 0.1 M NaCLO4 + 0.1 M LiCIO4 (MCIO4). Properties of the polymer film, obtained P[T-NBT-Ph2DTT-NBT-T], were characterized by electrochemical techniques. Effect of the polymerization charge on the redox behavior of the polymer film was investigated, and the film was further characterized by UV-visible spectrophotometric measurements. Corresponding electrical equivalent circuit was applied to the experimental electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) data to explain the parameters Of each element and the interface of the Pt/P[T-NBT-Ph2DTF-NBT-T]/MCIO4 system. The band gap of the polymer was obtained as 1.86 eV by in situ spectroelectrochemical measurements. Good stability in the oxidized state was verified experimentally. Molecular orbitals and electropolymerization of the comonomer were investigated at OFT level. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Two novel D-A (donor-acceptor) and one D-A-D small molecules containing mesitylborane as an acceptor and triphenylamine as a donor, linked through a thieno[3,2-b]thiophene p-conjugated spacer, are synthesized and characterized. Their photo- and electrochemical properties were investigated by experimental and computational studies. The emission quantum efficiencies were determined to be between 46% and 68% in THF. Their solid-state quantum yields were recorded up to 42%. The fabricated electroluminescent devices as emitting materials showed sky-blue to yellowish green emissions. Their devices exhibit high performance with a turn-on voltage, maximal brightness, and highest luminescence efficiency of up to 4.0 V, 1200 cd m(-2) and 1.13 cd A(-1), respectively. These results pave new avenues for the future molecules possessing D and A units connected via fused thiophenes.

Synthesis of comonomer possessing 4,4'-dinonyl-2,2'-bithiazole and 3-phenylthieno[3,2-b] thiophene units (PhTT-NBT-PhTT) was performed under Stille cross coupling condition. Its electropolymerization was conducted in the presence of trifluroborate-diethyl ether (BF3 center dot DEE) to lower the electrochemical polymerization potential through a complex formation between heteroaromatic monomers and boron trifluoride. Electrochemical properties of obtained P[PhTT] and P[PhTT-NBT-PhTT] films, such as effect of electrolyte, polymerization charge, potential limits on the redox behaviour were investigated. They were further characterized by UV-visible spectrophotometric measurements. Corresponding electrical equivalent circuit was applied to the experimental electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) data to explain the parameters of each element and the interface between the Pt/P[PhTT]/BF3 center dot DEE and Pt/P[PhTT-NBT-PhTT]/BF3 center dot DEE systems. The band gap of P[PhTT-NBT-PhTT was obtained as 2.04 eV by insitu spectroelectrochemical measurements. Frontier molecular orbitals and electropolymerization of the comonomer were assessed computationally. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

WOS: 000299017200001, This 2010 review of alien species along the coasts of Turkey represents a total of 400 alien species belonging to 14 systematic groups. The present paper also reports the first findings of Vanderhorstia mertensi in the Aegean Sea (Gokova Bay), Chama adspersa in the Sea of Marmara and Mya arenaria in the Aegean Sea. A total of 124 new alien species was determined within the last 5 years. Mollusca had the highest number of species (105 species), followed by Polychaeta (75 species), Crustacea (64 species) and Pisces (58 species). The highest number of alien species (330 species) were encountered on the Levantine coast of Turkey, followed by the Aegean Sea (165 species), Sea of Marmara (69 species) and Black Sea (20 species). The Suez Canal (66% of the total number of alien species) is the main vector for species introductions to the coasts of Turkey, followed by the shipmediated transport (30%). The majority of species (306 species, 76% of total number of species) have become established in the area, while 59 species are classified as casual (15%), 23 species as questionable (6%) and 13 species as cryptogenic (3%). One new alien species was introduced to the coasts of Turkey every 4 weeks between 199:1 and 2010. The majority of aliens were found on soft substratum (198 species) in shallow waters (0-10 m) (319 species). Some species such as Caulerpa racemosa, Amphistegina lobifera, Amphisorus hemprichii, Rhopilema nomadica, Mnemiopsis leidyi, Hydroides spp., Ficopomatus enigmaticus, Charybdis longicollis, Rapana venosa, Asterias rubens, Siganus spp. and Lagocephalus sceleratus show a highly invasive character, and have great impacts both on the prevailing ecosystems and humans.

WOS: 000288831000015, The state-of-art on alien species in the Mediterranean Sea is presented, making distinctions among the four subregions defined in the EU Marine Strategy Framework Directive: (i) the Western Mediterranean Sea (WMED); (ii) the Central Mediterranean Sea (CMED); (iii) the Adriatic Sea (ADRIA); and (iv) the Eastern Mediterranean Sea (EMED). The updated checklist (December 2010) of marine alien species within each subregion, along with their acclimatization status and origin, is provided. A total of 955 alien species is known in the Mediterranean, the vast majority of them having being introduced in the EMED (718), less in the WMED (328) and CMED (267) and least in the Adriatic (171). Of these, 535 species (56%) are established in at least one area. Despite the collective effort of experts who attempted in this work, the number of introduced species remains probably underestimated. Excluding microalgae, for which knowledge is still insufficient, aliens have increased the total species richness of the Mediterranean Sea by 5.9%. This figure should not be directly read as an indication of higher biodiversity, as spreading of so many aliens within the basin is possibly causing biotic homogenization. Thermophilic species, i.e. Indo-Pacific, Indian Ocean, Red Sea, Tropical Atlantic, Tropical Pacific, and circum(sub)tropical, account for 88.4% of the introduced species in the EMED, 72.8% in the CMED, 59.3% in the WMED and 56.1% in the Adriatic. Cold water species, i.e. circumboreal, N Atlantic, and N Pacific, make up a small percentage of the introduced species, ranging between 4.2% and 21.6% and being more numerous in the Adriatic and less so in the EMED. Species that are classified as invasive or potentially invasive are 134 in the whole of the Mediterranean: 108 are present in the EMED, 75 in the CMED, 53 in the Adriatic and 64 in the WMED. The WMED hosts most invasive macrophytes, whereas the EMED has the lion's share in polychaetes, crustaceans, molluscs and fish., SEBI2010 - Streamlining European 2010 Biodiversity Indicators Expert Group 5; EUEuropean Union (EU) [036949]; Italian Ministry for the Environment, The work was initiated under the auspices of the SEBI2010 - Streamlining European 2010 Biodiversity Indicators Expert Group 5: Numbers and costs of invasive alien species.; Further research on the distribution of alien species in the Mediterranean Sea has been carried out in the frame of the Integrated Project 'SESAME' (Southern European Seas: Assessing and Modelling Ecosystem changes: Project no: 036949) funded by the EU [A. Zenetos, I. Siokou and N. Streftaris] and in the frame of the research project The impacts of biological invasions and climate change on the biodiversity of the Mediterranean Sea' (C.N. Bianchi and C. Morri), an Italy-Israel co-operation funded by the Italian Ministry for the Environment. Special thanks are due to C. Salas Casanova and A. Logan whose constructive criticism and suggestions have improved the manuscript.

WOS: 000273967800012, An individual belonging to the eunicid polychaete species Marphysa disjuncta Hartman, 1961 was collected on muddy substratum at 100 m deep in Fethiye Bay (Levantine Sea, Eastern Mediterranean). This species is new to the Mediterranean fauna. It closely resembles to Marphysa bellii a native species, but it lacks compound falcigers and has unidentate subacicular hooks. This species has only been reported from the Eastern and Western Pacific Ocean and could have been introduced to the Mediterranean Sea via ballast waters of vessels., TUBITAKTurkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Arastirma Kurumu (TUBITAK) [104Y065], We wish to thank our colleagues at the Department of Hydrobiology, Ege University for collecting and sorting benthic material. This study has been financially supported by TUBITAK (Project Number: 104Y065).

Checklist delle specie degli anellidi policheti della fauna Italiana

The disproportionately low presence of marine species in the list of invasive alien species (IAS) of Union concern of the European Union (EU) Regulation 1143/2014 does not fully acknowledge the threat they pose to the EU marine environment. In this study, the first EU-scale Horizon Scanning (HS) focusing on marine alien species was performed, aiming to deliver a ranked list of species that should be of high priority for risk assessment (Article 5 of the EU IAS Regulation). Species absent from or with a limited distribution in EU marine waters were targeted. In total, 363 alien species were initially screened for HS by a panel of experts, including a broad range of taxonomic groups. Species were scored for their likelihood of arrival, establishment, spread, and impact in EU waters. A consensus workshop ranked 267 species, including a subset of 26 prioritized species. These species are considered to be mainly introduced by shipping (fouling and ballast water), via the Suez Canal, and aquaculture activities. The 26 priority species were also scrutinized in terms of feasibility of their management; 18 of them were suggested for performing risk assessments on the basis of the EU IAS Regulation. Since biological invasions are dynamic and connected with accelerated globalization and diversified human activities, we recommend HS to be repeated periodically to review the species already listed and assess new ones.

The present paper deals with the description of specimens of a new species of Pseudobranchiomma Jones, 1962 collected from the Sea of Marmara between 50 and 100 m depths, a genus that, up to now, is represented within the Mediterranean area by only one species. The new species is mainly characterized by having radioles without serrations, well-developed paired compound eyes on radioles, absence of dorsal pinnular appendages, minute interramal eyespots appearing after chaetiger 5, and pointed ventral sacs and lappets. The morphological features of the new species are compared to those of the most similar species.