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Introduction: High average age of human populatin, lovered immunity and excessive use of antibiotics are elements leading to increase of frequency of fungal infections and among them fungal infections of skin. This situation result in increase use of antifungal drugs causing arising drug resistance. Therapy failure force serching for a new chemiotherapeutics with antifungal activity. Aim of work: The aim of the work was the estimation of antifungal nicotinamide activity some antifungal drugs against Candida strains and examination of the cross resistance between nicotinamide and sone antifungal drugs. Material and methods: In tests 111 Candida strains from clinical material and C. albicans ATCC 10231, C. glabrata ATCC 2001 strains were used. Nicotinamide (SigmaAldrich) in solid form was used. In estimation of antifungal acivity of nicotinamide macrodilution metod in liquid medium was used. Disk-diffusion method for estimation of sensitivity to antifungal drugs was used. Results: Carried out tests allowed to determine nicotinamide MIC (Minimal Inhibitory Concentration) in a range of 20-50 mg/mI. The same nicotinamide activity against strains sensitive and resistant to tested antifungal drugs was observed. Conclusion: 1. Nicotinamide indicates antifungal activity against Candida strains. 2. Sensitivity to nicotinamide of Candida albicans and Candida glabrata strains isolated from clinical material does not depend on resistance level of those strains to tested antifungal chemiotherapeutics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Vitamins and vitamins derivates are often use in local treatment of skin diseases. One of the drugs belonging to mentioned group is nicotinamide. Nicotinamide is a biologically active form of niacin that proves a beneficial effect on skin after topical application. In situation of recurrent failure in treatment of infections caused by dermatophytes and taking into consideration beneficial action of nicotinamide on skin undertaking a research on nicotinamide action on dermatophytes seemed to be reasonable. Aim of work: The aim of the work was the estimation of antifungal nicotinamide activity against dermatophyes and examination of influence of some environmental factors on its activity. Material and methods: In tests 80 dermatophytes strains from clinical material were used. Modification of described in literature methods for MIC estimation was used. Results: Carried out tests allowed to determine nicotinamide MIC (Minimal Inhibitory Concentration) in a range of 10-50 mg/ml. Depending on species and inokulum range, antifungal activity revealed after 12-48 hours of exposition. The presence of proteins in environment (1% serum or 1% albumin) did not affect nicotinamide activity. Conclusions: 1. Research results indicate nicotinamide activity against dermatophytes in concentration 10-50 mg/ml. 2. Nicotinamide antifungal activity require twelve or forty-eight hours exposition depending on inoculum rate and species. 3. The presence of proteins in environment did not affect nicotinamide activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: An important prognostic factor for drugs effectiveness is use of standardized laboratory methods of in vitro antifungal susceptibility testing. The method of inoculum preparation and standardization is particularly important. In CLSI (Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute, USA), documents concerning drug susceptibility testing, there is not reference method for dermatophytes. Many authors adapted procedures for testing filamentous fungi (M 38-P). Use of this methods, however, creates some problems with inoculum standardization. Aim of the work: Preparing reliable method of inoculum preparation and standardization for dermatophytes in vitro susceptibility testing. Material and methods: 47 clinical isolates of dermatophytes were used. Stock inoculum suspensions of the fungi were prepared from 14-day-old cultures grown on a Sabourud at 28°C. Fungi were probed with a wire loop, homogenizated 3 minutes with 5 ml of sterile saline solution (0.9%). The resulting mixture of conidia and hyphal fragments was transferred to sterile tubes and mixed for 2-3 minutes. Heavy particles were allowed to settle for 15 to 20 min at room temperature. 1-2 cm of supernatatant were adjusted to density 1 McFarland, and than diluted thousandfold for obtaining final inoculum. For precise inoculum quantification the numbers of CFU (Colony Forming Units) /ml of initial suspensions have been counted. Results: For all tested dermatophytes the obtained inocula were in a range of 107 CFU /ml. Conclusion: 1. For dermatophytes, homogenization is a convenient method of inoculum preparation. 2. Homogenization can be use for obtaining the suspension of hyphal fragments and conidia even in the case of poor fungal growth. 3. Use of densytometer allows to simplify the method of inoculum preparation for dermatophytes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]