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1,118 results on '"Churchill, A. C."'

4. Productivity and Biomass of Australia’s Rangelands: Towards a National Database

Author

Porfirio, Luciana L, Antille, Diogenes L, Watson, Ian, Abbott, Brett N, Bowman, D. M. J. S., Briggs, Peter R, Canadell, Josep G, Churchill, Amber C, Donohue, Randall J, Guerschman, Juan P, Haverd, Vanessa, Hill, Michael J, Knauer, Juergen, Murphy, Brett P, Paget, Matt, Prior, Lynda D, Roxburgh, Stephen H, Williamson, Grant J, and BHL Australia

Published
2020

7. Dysregulation of the NLRP3 Inflammasome and Promotion of Disease by IL-1β in a Murine Model of Sandhoff Disease.

Author

Platt, Nick, Shepherd, Dawn, Smith, David A., Smith, Claire, Wallom, Kerri-Lee, Luqmani, Raashid, Churchill, Grant C., Galione, Antony, and Platt, Frances M.

Subjects
LYSOSOMAL storage diseases, NLRP3 protein, KNOCKOUT mice, INFLAMMASOMES, INTERLEUKIN-1
Abstract

Sandhoff disease (SD) is a progressive neurodegenerative lysosomal storage disorder characterized by GM2 ganglioside accumulation as a result of mutations in the HEXB gene, which encodes the β-subunit of the enzyme β-hexosaminidase. Lysosomal storage of GM2 triggers inflammation in the CNS and periphery. The NLRP3 inflammasome is an important coordinator of pro-inflammatory responses, and we have investigated its regulation in murine SD. The NLRP3 inflammasome requires two signals, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and ATP, to prime and activate the complex, respectively, leading to IL-1β secretion. Peritoneal, but not bone-marrow-derived, macrophages from symptomatic SD mice, but not those from pre-symptomatic animals, secrete the cytokine following priming with LPS with no requirement for activation with ATP, suggesting that such NLRP3 deregulation is related to the extent of glycosphingolipid storage. Dysregulated production of IL-1β was dependent upon caspase activity but not cathepsin B. We investigated the role of IL-1β in SD pathology using two approaches: the creation of hexb−/−Il1r1−/− double knockout mice or by treating hexb−/− animals with anakinra, a recombinant form of the IL-1 receptor antagonist, IL-1Ra. Both resulted in modest but significant extensions in lifespan and improvement of neurological function. These data demonstrate that IL-1β actively participates in the disease process and provides proof-of-principle that blockade of the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1β may provide benefits to patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2025
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8. Randomised controlled trial of intravenous nafamostat mesylate in COVID pneumonitis: Phase 1b/2a experimental study to investigate safety, Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics

Author

Quinn, Tom M., Gaughan, Erin E., Bruce, Annya, Antonelli, Jean, O'Connor, Richard, Li, Feng, McNamara, Sarah, Koch, Oliver, MacKintosh, Claire, Dockrell, David, Walsh, Timothy, Blyth, Kevin G., Church, Colin, Schwarze, Jürgen, Boz, Cecilia, Valanciute, Asta, Burgess, Matthew, Emanuel, Philip, Mills, Bethany, Rinaldi, Giulia, Hardisty, Gareth, Mills, Ross, Findlay, Emily Gwyer, Jabbal, Sunny, Duncan, Andrew, Plant, Sinéad, Marshall, Adam D.L., Young, Irene, Russell, Kay, Scholefield, Emma, Nimmo, Alastair F., Nazarov, Islom B., Churchill, Grant C., McCullagh, James S.O., Ebrahimi, Kourosh H., Ferrett, Colin, Templeton, Kate, Rannard, Steve, Owen, Andrew, Moore, Anne, Finlayson, Keith, Shankar-Hari, Manu, Norrie, John, Parker, Richard A., Akram, Ahsan R., Anthony, Daniel C., Dear, James W., Hirani, Nik, and Dhaliwal, Kevin

Published
2022
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17. Aridity drives the response of soil total and particulate organic carbon to drought in temperate grasslands and shrublands

Author

Shi, Baoku, Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel, Knapp, Alan K, Smith, Melinda D, Reed, Sasha, Osborne, Brooke, Carrillo, Yolima, Maestre, Fernando T, Zhu, Yu, Chen, Anping, Wilkins, Kate, Holdrege, Martin C, Kulmatiski, Andrew, Picon-Cochard, Catherine, Roscher, Christiane, Power, Sally, Byrne, Kerry M, Churchill, Amber C, Jentsch, Anke, Henry, Hugh A L, Beard, Karen H, Schuchardt, Max A, Eisenhauer, Nico, Otfinowski, Rafael, Hautier, Yann, Shen, Huitao, Wang, Yonghui, Wang, Zhongwu, Wang, Chengliang, Cusack, Daniela Francis, Petraglia, Alessandro, Carbognani, Michele, Forte, T'ai G W, Flory, S, Hou, Pengli, Zhang, Tao, Gao, Weifeng, Sun, Wei, Shi, Baoku, Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel, Knapp, Alan K, Smith, Melinda D, Reed, Sasha, Osborne, Brooke, Carrillo, Yolima, Maestre, Fernando T, Zhu, Yu, Chen, Anping, Wilkins, Kate, Holdrege, Martin C, Kulmatiski, Andrew, Picon-Cochard, Catherine, Roscher, Christiane, Power, Sally, Byrne, Kerry M, Churchill, Amber C, Jentsch, Anke, Henry, Hugh A L, Beard, Karen H, Schuchardt, Max A, Eisenhauer, Nico, Otfinowski, Rafael, Hautier, Yann, Shen, Huitao, Wang, Yonghui, Wang, Zhongwu, Wang, Chengliang, Cusack, Daniela Francis, Petraglia, Alessandro, Carbognani, Michele, Forte, T'ai G W, Flory, S, Hou, Pengli, Zhang, Tao, Gao, Weifeng, and Sun, Wei

Abstract

The increasing prevalence of drought events in grasslands and shrublands worldwide potentially has impacts on soil organic carbon (SOC). We leveraged the International Drought Experiment to study how SOC, including particulate organic carbon (POC) and mineral-associated organic carbon (MAOC) concentrations, responds to extreme drought treatments (1-in-100-year) for 1 to 5 years at 19 sites worldwide. In more mesic areas (aridity index > 0.65), SOC and POC concentrations decreased by 7.9% (±3.9) and 15.9% (±6.2) with drought, respectively, but there were no impacts on MAOC concentrations. However, drought had no impact on SOC, POC, or MAOC concentrations in drylands (aridity index < 0.65). The response of SOC to drought varied along an aridity gradient, concomitant with interannual precipitation variability and standing SOC concentration gradients. These findings highlight the differing response magnitudes of POC and MAOC concentrations to drought and the key regulating role of aridity.

Published
2024

19. Evaluating the Feasibility and Acceptability of a Co-Designed Physical Activity Intervention for Rural Middle Schoolers: A Pilot Study

Author

Watkins, Janette M., primary, Brunnemer, Julia E., additional, Heeter, Kathleen N., additional, Medellin, Andrew M., additional, Churchill, William C., additional, Goss, Janelle M., additional, Hobson, James M., additional, Werner, Nicole E., additional, Weaver, R. Glenn, additional, Kercher, Vanessa M. Martinez, additional, and Kercher, Kyle A., additional

Published
2024
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20. A master protocol to investigate a novel therapy acetyl-l-leucine for three ultra-rare neurodegenerative diseases: Niemann-Pick type C, the GM2 gangliosidoses, and ataxia telangiectasia

Author

Fields, T., Patterson, M., Bremova-Ertl, T., Belcher, G., Billington, I., Churchill, G. C., Davis, W., Evans, W., Flint, S., Galione, A., Granzer, U., Greenfield, J., Karl, R., Kay, R., Lewi, D., Mathieson, T., Meyer, T., Pangonis, D., Platt, F. M., Tsang, L., Verburg, C., Factor, M., and Strupp, M.

Published
2021
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22. Adenosine integrates light and sleep signalling for the regulation of circadian timing in mice

Author

Jagannath, Aarti, Varga, Norbert, Dallmann, Robert, Rando, Gianpaolo, Gosselin, Pauline, Ebrahimjee, Farid, Taylor, Lewis, Mosneagu, Dragos, Stefaniak, Jakub, Walsh, Steven, Palumaa, Teele, Di Pretoro, Simona, Sanghani, Harshmeena, Wakaf, Zeinab, Churchill, Grant C., Galione, Antony, Peirson, Stuart N., Boison, Detlev, Brown, Steven A., Foster, Russell G., and Vasudevan, Sridhar R.

Published
2021
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23. Nitrogen niche partitioning between tropical legumes and grasses conditionally weakens under elevated CO2.

Author

Churchill, Amber C., Zhang, Haiyang, Kim, Gil Won, Catunda, Karen L. M., Anderson, Ian C., Isbell, Forest, Moore, Ben, Pendall, Elise, Plett, Jonathan M., Powell, Jeff R., and Power, Sally A.

Subjects
*RESOURCE availability (Ecology), *ATMOSPHERIC carbon dioxide, *LEGUME farming, *SPECIES distribution, *PLANT diversity, *NITROGEN fixation
Abstract

Plant community biodiversity can be maintained, at least partially, by shifts in species interactions between facilitation and competition for resources as environmental conditions change. These interactions also drive ecosystem functioning, including productivity, and can promote over‐yielding‐ an ecosystem service prioritized in agro‐ecosystems, such as pastures, that occurs when multiple species together are more productive than the component species alone. Importantly, species interactions that can result in over‐yielding may shift in response to rising CO2 concentrations and changes in resource availability, and the consequences these shifts have on production is uncertain especially in the context of tropical mixed‐species grasslands.We examined the relative performance of two species pairs of tropical pasture grasses and legumes growing in monoculture and mixtures in a glasshouse experiment manipulating CO2. We investigated how over‐yielding can arise from nitrogen (N) niche partitioning and biotic facilitation using stable isotopes to differentiate soil N from biological N fixation (BNF) within N acquisition into above‐ground biomass for these two‐species mixtures.We found that N niche partitioning in species‐level use of soil N versus BNF drove species interactions in mixtures. Importantly partitioning and overyielding were generally reduced under elevated CO2. However, this finding was mixture‐dependent based on biomass of dominant species in mixtures and the strength of selection effects for the dominant species.This study demonstrates that rising atmospheric CO2 may alter niche partitioning between co‐occurring species, with negative implications for the over‐yielding benefits predicted for legume‐grass mixtures in working landscapes with tropical species. Furthermore, these changes in inter‐species interactions may have consequences for grassland composition that are not yet considered in larger‐scale projections for impacts of climate change and species distributions. Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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24. Nitrogen niche partitioning between tropical legumes and grasses conditionally weakens under elevated CO2.

Author

Churchill, Amber C., Zhang, Haiyang, Kim, Gil Won, Catunda, Karen L. M., Anderson, Ian C., Isbell, Forest, Moore, Ben, Pendall, Elise, Plett, Jonathan M., Powell, Jeff R., and Power, Sally A.

Subjects
RESOURCE availability (Ecology), ATMOSPHERIC carbon dioxide, LEGUME farming, SPECIES distribution, PLANT diversity, NITROGEN fixation
Abstract

Copyright of Functional Ecology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Published
2024
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26. Design and rationale of the medical students learning weight management counseling skills (MSWeight) group randomized controlled trial

Author

Ockene, Judith K., Ashe, Karen M., Hayes, Rashelle B., Churchill, Linda C., Crawford, Sybil L., Geller, Alan C., Jolicoeur, Denise, Olendzki, Barbara C., Basco, Maria Theresa, Pendharkar, Jyothi A., Ferguson, Kristi J., Guck, Thomas P., Margo, Katherine L., Okuliar, Catherine A., Shaw, Monica A., Soleymani, Taraneh, Stadler, Diane D., Warrier, Sarita S., and Pbert, Lori

Published
2018
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28. Examination of betahistine bioavailability in combination with the monoamine oxidase B inhibitor, selegiline, in humans—a non-randomized, single-sequence, two-period titration, open label single-center phase 1 study (PK-BeST)

Author

Strupp, Michael, primary, Churchill, Grant C., additional, Naumann, Ivonne, additional, Mansmann, Ulrich, additional, Al Tawil, Amani, additional, Golentsova, Anastasia, additional, and Goldschagg, Nicolina, additional

Published
2023
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30. Mosaic fungal individuals have the potential to evolve within a single generation

Author

Tyrrell, Maura G., Peabody, Diane C., Peabody, Robert B., James-Pederson, Magdalena, Hirst, Rachel G., Allan-Perkins, Elisha, Bickford, Heather, Shafrir, Amy, Doiron, Robert J., Churchill, Amber C., Ramirez-Tapia, Juan Carlos, Seidel, Benjamin, Torres, Lynes, Fallavollita, Kathryn, Hernon, Thomas, Wiswell, Lindsay, Wilson, Sarah, Mondo, Erica, Salisbury, Kathleen, Peabody, Carrie, Cabral, Patrick, Presti, Lauren, McKenna-Hoffman, Kelsey, Flannery, Michele, Daly, Kaitlin, Haghighat, Darius, and Lukason, Daniel

Published
2020
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37. Rapid quantification of biological nitrogen fixation using optical spectroscopy.

Author

Zhang, Haiyang, Plett, Jonathan M, Catunda, Karen L M, Churchill, Amber C, Moore, Ben D, Powell, Jeff R, Power, Sally A, Yang, Jinyan, and Anderson, Ian C

Subjects
OPTICAL spectroscopy, STANDARD deviations, NITROGEN fixation, GLOBAL warming, REFLECTANCE spectroscopy, MASS spectrometry
Abstract

Biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) provides a globally important input of nitrogen (N); its quantification is critical but technically challenging. Leaf reflectance spectroscopy offers a more rapid approach than traditional techniques to measure plant N concentration ([N]) and isotopes (δ15N). Here we present a novel method for rapidly and inexpensively quantifying BNF using optical spectroscopy. We measured plant [N], δ15N, and the amount of N derived from atmospheric fixation (Ndfa) following the standard traditional methodology using isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS) from tissues grown under controlled conditions and taken from field experiments. Using the same tissues, we predicted the same three parameters using optical spectroscopy. By comparing the optical spectroscopy-derived results with traditional measurements (i.e. IRMS), the amount of Ndfa predicted by optical spectroscopy was highly comparable to IRMS-based quantification, with R 2 being 0.90 (slope=0.90) and 0.94 (slope=1.02) (root mean square error for predicting legume δ15N was 0.38 and 0.43) for legumes grown in glasshouse and field, respectively. This novel application of optical spectroscopy facilitates BNF studies because it is rapid, scalable, low cost, and complementary to existing technologies. Moreover, the proposed method successfully captures the dynamic response of BNF to climate changes such as warming and drought. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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38. Two-pore Channels (TPC2s) and Nicotinic Acid Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate (NAADP) at Lysosomal-Sarcoplasmic Reticular Junctions Contribute to Acute and Chronic β-Adrenoceptor Signaling in the Heart

Author

Capel, Rebecca A., Bolton, Emma L., Lin, Wee K., Aston, Daniel, Wang, Yanwen, Liu, Wei, Wang, Xin, Burton, Rebecca-Ann B., Bloor-Young, Duncan, Shade, Kai-Ting, Ruas, Margarida, Parrington, John, Churchill, Grant C., Lei, Ming, Galione, Antony, and Terrar, Derek A.

Published
2015
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40. Nicotinic Acid Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate (NAADP) and Endolysosomal Two-pore Channels Modulate Membrane Excitability and Stimulus-Secretion Coupling in Mouse Pancreatic β Cells

Author

Arredouani, Abdelilah, Ruas, Margarida, Collins, Stephan C., Parkesh, Raman, Clough, Frederick, Pillinger, Toby, Coltart, George, Rietdorf, Katja, Royle, Andrew, Johnson, Paul, Braun, Matthias, Zhang, Quan, Sones, William, Shimomura, Kenju, Morgan, Anthony J., Lewis, Alexander M., Chuang, Kai-Ting, Tunn, Ruth, Gadea, Joaquin, Teboul, Lydia, Heister, Paula M., Tynan, Patricia W., Bellomo, Elisa A., Rutter, Guy A., Rorsman, Patrik, Churchill, Grant C., Parrington, John, and Galione, Antony

Published
2015
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42. N-acetyl-L-leucine for Niemann-Pick type C: a multinational double-blind randomized placebo-controlled crossover study

Author

Fields, T, Bremova, T M, Billington, I, Churchill, G C, Evans, W, Fields, C, Galione, A, Kay, R, Mathieson, T, Martakis, K, Patterson, M, Platt, F, Factor, M, and Strupp, M

Subjects
Medicine (miscellaneous), Pharmacology (medical), 610 Medicine & health
Abstract

Background Niemann-Pick disease type C (NPC) is a rare autosomal recessive neurodegenerative lysosomal disease characterized by multiple symptoms such as progressive cerebellar ataxia and cognitive decline. The modified amino acid N-acetyl-leucine has been associated with positive symptomatic and neuroprotective, disease-modifying effects in various studies, including animal models of NPC, observational clinical case studies, and a multinational, rater-blinded phase IIb clinical trial. Here, we describe the development of a study protocol (Sponsor Code “IB1001-301”) for the chronic treatment of symptoms in adult and pediatric patients with NPC. Methods This multinational double-blind randomized placebo-controlled crossover phase III study will enroll patients with a genetically confirmed diagnosis of NPC patients aged 4 years and older across 16 trial sites. Patients are assessed during a baseline period and then randomized (1:1) to one of two treatment sequences: IB1001 followed by placebo or vice versa. Each sequence consists of a 12-week treatment period. The primary efficacy endpoint is based on the Scale for the Assessment and Rating of Ataxia, and secondary outcomes include cerebellar functional rating scales, clinical global impression, and quality of life assessments. Discussion Pre-clinical as well as observational and phase IIb clinical trials have previously demonstrated that IB1001 rapidly improved symptoms, functioning, and quality of life for pediatric and adult NPC patients and is safe and well tolerated. In this placebo-controlled cross-over trial, the risk/benefit profile of IB1001 for NPC will be evaluated. It will also give information about the applicability of IB1001 as a therapeutic paradigm for other rare and common neurological disorders. Trial registrations The trial (IB1001-301) has been registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT05163288) and www.clinicaltrialsregister.eu (EudraCT: 2021–005356-10). Registered on 20 December 2021.

Published
2023
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