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6 results on '"Chuanwen Tian"'

1. Evaluation of an I177L gene-based five-gene-deleted African swine fever virus as a live attenuated vaccine in pigs

Author

Yingnan Liu, Zhenhua Xie, Yao Li, Yingying Song, Dongdong Di, Jingyi Liu, Lang Gong, Zongyan Chen, Jinxian Wu, Zhengqin Ye, Jianqi Liu, Wanqi Yu, Lu Lv, Qiuping Zhong, Chuanwen Tian, Qingqing Song, Heng Wang, and Hongjun Chen

Subjects
African swine fever virus, gene-deleted, live attenuated vaccine, safety, protective efficacy, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216, Microbiology, QR1-502
Abstract

ABSTRACTAfrican swine fever (ASF) is a highly contagious disease of domestic and wild pigs caused by the African swine fever virus (ASFV). The current research on ASF vaccines focuses on the development of naturally attenuated, isolated, or genetically engineered live viruses that have been demonstrated to produce reliable immunity. As a result, a genetically engineered virus containing five genes deletion was synthesized based on ASFV Chinese strain GZ201801, named ASFV-GZΔI177LΔCD2vΔMGF. The five-gene-deleted ASFV was safe and fully attenuated in pigs and provides reliable protection against the parental ASFV strain challenge. This indicates that the five-gene-deleted ASFV is a potential candidate for a live attenuated vaccine that could control the spread of ASFV.

Published
2023
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4. African swine fever virus I73R is a critical virulence-related gene: A potential target for attenuation

Author

Yingnan Liu, Zhou Shen, Zhenhua Xie, Yingying Song, Yao Li, Rui Liang, Lang Gong, Dongdong Di, Jianqi Liu, Jingyi Liu, Zongyan Chen, Wanqi Yu, Lu Lv, Qiuping Zhong, Xinxin Liao, Chuanwen Tian, Rongrong Wang, Qingqing Song, Heng Wang, Guiqing Peng, and Hongjun Chen

Subjects
Multidisciplinary
Abstract

African swine fever virus (ASFV) is a large, double-stranded DNA virus that causes a fatal disease in pigs, posing a threat to the global pig industry. Whereas some ASFV proteins have been found to play important roles in ASFV–host interaction, the functional roles of many proteins are still largely unknown. In this study, we identified I73R , an early viral gene in the replication cycle of ASFV, as a key virulence factor. Our findings demonstrate that pI73R suppresses the host innate immune response by broadly inhibiting the synthesis of host proteins, including antiviral proteins. Crystallization and structural characterization results suggest that pI73R is a nucleic-acid-binding protein containing a Zα domain. It localizes in the nucleus and inhibits host protein synthesis by suppressing the nuclear export of cellular messenger RNA (mRNAs). While pI73R promotes viral replication, the deletion of the gene showed that it is a nonessential gene for virus replication. In vivo safety and immunogenicity evaluation results demonstrate that the deletion mutant ASFV-GZΔ I73R is completely nonpathogenic and provides effective protection to pigs against wild-type ASFV. These results reveal I73R as a virulence-related gene critical for ASFV pathogenesis and suggest that it is a potential target for virus attenuation. Accordingly, the deletion mutant ASFV-GZΔ I73R can be a potent live-attenuated vaccine candidate.

Published
2023

5. Evaluation of an I177L gene-based five-gene-deleted African swine fever virus as a live attenuated vaccine in pigs

Author

Yingnan Liu, Zhenhua Xie, Yao Li, Yingying Song, Dongdong Di, Jingyi Liu, Lang Gong, Zongyan Chen, Jinxian Wu, Zhengqin Ye, Jianqi Liu, Wanqi Yu, Lu Lv, Qiuping Zhong, Chuanwen Tian, Qingqing Song, Heng Wang, and Hongjun Chen

Subjects
Infectious Diseases, Epidemiology, Virology, Drug Discovery, Immunology, Parasitology, General Medicine, Microbiology
Abstract

African swine fever (ASF) is a highly contagious disease of domestic and wild pigs caused by the African swine fever virus (ASFV). The current research on ASF vaccines focuses on the development of naturally attenuated, isolated, or genetically engineered live viruses that have been demonstrated to produce reliable immunity. As a result, a genetically engineered virus containing five genes deletion was synthesized based on ASFV Chinese strain GZ201801, named ASFV-GZΔI177LΔCD2vΔMGF. The five-gene-deleted ASFV was safe and fully attenuated in pigs and provides reliable protection against the parental ASFV strain challenge. This indicates that the five-gene-deleted ASFV is a potential candidate for a live attenuated vaccine that could control the spread of ASFV.

Published
2022

6. Moist heat as a promising method to decontaminate N95 masks: A large scale clinical study comparing four decontamination modalities—moist heat, steam, ultraviolet-C irradiation, and hydrogen peroxide plasma

Author

Hei Man Wong, Cheok Hong Mun, Weng Keong Loke, Wei Qi Lim, Geraldine Wei Yen Chee, Sook Lan Tan, Jye Yng Teo, Yi Yan Yang, Hendrix Tanoto, Xian Jun Loh, Chen Ee Lee, Chuanwen Tiang, Wei Yee Wan, Charlene Cheong, Kue Bien How, Moi Lin Ling, and Ban Hock Tan

Subjects
Mask decontamination, Mask fit, Mask integrity, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract

Background: Early in the COVID-19 pandemic, there was a global shortage of masks. Although mask reprocessing was practiced, no clinical study has assessed systematically the impact of repeated cycles of wear and decontamination on the integrity of N95 filtering facepiece respirators (FFRs). Methods: We evaluated mask fit assessed by qualitative respirator fit test (QRFT) after each cycle of wear and decontamination, as well as four measures of mask integrity—bacterial filtration efficacy, particle filtration efficacy, differential pressure, and splash resistance through five cycles of wear and decontamination using one of the four modalities (moist heat, steam, ultraviolet-C irradiation, and hydrogen peroxide plasma). Results: A total of 60.6% (hydrogen peroxide plasma) to 77.5% (moist heat) of the FFRs passed five cycles of wear and decontamination, as assessed by the wearers passing QRFT all five times. Moist heat-decontaminated FFRs retained all technical measures of integrity through all five cycles. Conclusions: This is the first large-scale study to assess systematically the impact (clinically and quantitatively) on N95 FFR integrity of repeated cycles of wearing followed by decontamination.Our results suggest that moist heat is a promising method for decontaminating N95 FFRs. Performing QRFT after every cycle of wear and decontamination ensures wearer safety. Although there is currently no mask shortage, reprocessing may reduce medical waste and improve sustainability.

Published
2023
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