Author: "Christopher Barnes" - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

171 results on '"Christopher Barnes"'

1. Conservation volunteers’ experiences of connecting with nature during the COVID-19 pandemic: an interpretative phenomenological analysis

Author: Rhys Furlong, Jenny Hallam, and Christopher Barnes
Subjects: COVID-19, Interpretative phenomenological analysis, Nature connectedness, Conservation, Wellbeing, Psychology, BF1-990
Abstract: Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic caused significant negative implications for individual wellbeing and many people accessed green spaces to help them cope with the demands of national lockdown restrictions. In response, the current study used Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) to investigate the experiences of ten UK based nature volunteers whose activities had been disrupted due to the UK COVID-19 lockdowns throughout 2020. Each nature volunteer participated in a semi-structured interview held on a virtual platform which invited them to explore their experiences in nature during the pandemic. Analysis identified three main themes. ‘Sensations of nature’ explored the sense of presence and oneness with nature that the volunteers felt when mindfully engaging with the sensations found in nature. ‘Stability from nature’ investigated the ways in which the volunteers found meaning in nature and the sense of comfort, stability and hope this provided. Finally, ‘Changing relationships with nature’ examined the greater environmental awareness that the volunteers experienced and the ways in which this led to a desire to give back to nature. It is argued that mindful engagement with nature enhances a sense of personal wellbeing and cultivates a connection to nature which encourages environmental concern.
Published: 2024
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2. Amending high sugar in V. vinifera cv. Shiraz wine must by pre-fermentation water treatments results in subtle sensory differences for naïve wine consumers

Author: Billy Xynas, Christopher Barnes, and Kate Howell
Subjects: harvest timing, fermentation, water treatment, chemical compounds, sensory attributes, wine quality, Agriculture, Botany, QK1-989
Abstract: Global warming presents challenges to all wine-grape growers and winemakers across the globe. Increasing growing season temperatures means that grapes are harvested with higher sugar concentrations than preferred for high-quality winemaking. The now Australian permitted water-treatment of high-sugar musts can produce wines with lower alcohol levels, however, recent studies show impacts on associated chemical compounds and sensory parameters can affect final wine quality. Commercial applications based on these earlier findings are limited as many focus on one vintage, one or two harvest timings, small wine samples and limited numbers of panellists for sensory analysis. We expand by first investigating the chemical profiles and sensory parameters of wines produced from V. vinifera cv. Shiraz for three harvest times: early 13.5°Baumé (°Bé), middle 14.5 °Bé and late 15.5 °Bé across two vintages (2020/2021). Just-About-Right sensory analysis assesses 159 naïve wine consumer panellists’ feedback. We show late 15.5 °Bé and middle 14.5 °Bé wine has the highest levels for chemical compounds of colour density (a.u.), total tannin (%), total pigment (a.u.), total phenolics (a.u.) and free anthocyanins (mg/L), as confirmed by PCA analysis outcomes. Sensory analysis shows the least preference for vegetal smell (2.50) in 13.5 °Bé wine, with the highest preference for colour intensity (3.06) in early 13.5 °Bé wine and body in late 15.5 °Bé wine. Secondly, 15.5 °Bé and middle 14.5 °Bé pre-fermentation musts are subject to water dilution or ‘bleed and replace’ treatments. These wines have lower final alcohol levels, decreases in most chemical compound levels, but with subtler effects for sensory profiles. For instance, there is a high preference for astringency (3.01), ripe fruit taste (2.96) and hotness (2.95) in late diluted 13.5 °Bé wine. Vegetal smell (2.89) is most preferred in late ‘bleed and replace’ 13.5 °Bé wine. All water treatments have minimal impact on dark fruit smell, ripe fruit smell, odour intensity, odour complexity, red fruit taste and dark fruit taste. Middle diluted 13.5 °Bé wine has the highest overall rating and is the most preferred. This study offers valuable insights revealing that water treatments of pre-fermentation musts can produce wines with preferable lower alcohol levels, and while this winemaking approach may negatively affect several chemical compounds, many favourable sensory properties can still be preserved. This is a crucial consideration for winemakers when addressing wine quality from these winemaking techniques.
Published: 2024
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3. Moderating impacts of water addition in must by the use of Accentuated Cut Edges (ACE) vinification for Vitis vinifera cv. Shiraz winemaking

Author: Billy Xynas, Christopher Barnes, and Kate Howell
Subjects: water dilution, sensory parameters, wine quality, Accentuated Cut Edges (ACE), chemical compounds, Agriculture, Botany, QK1-989
Abstract: In a warming climate, high-quality wine production is challenging due to grapes having higher sugar concentration, with wines being produced with higher alcohol levels, which can negatively impact final wine quality. Australian regulations now permit water treatment of pre-fermentation musts, which can ameliorate these effects, but final wines often lack colour and flavour. Accentuated Cut Edges (ACE) can overcome these drawbacks. ACE mechanically breaks grape skins into small fragments and accelerates phenolic extraction during wine fermentation, yet we do not know to what extent by reference to different applied levels of ACE. Expanding on previous studies, we implement ACE at three grape skin fragmentation levels: 10-second ACE treatment (low), 20-second ACE treatment (moderate (mod)) and 40-second ACE treatment (high), into pre-fermentation 15.5 °Bé musts for Vitis vinifera cv. Shiraz, which is then diluted with water to 13.5 °Bé. For chemical compounds, reduced total phenolics (a.u.) in diluted to 13.5 °Bé (no ACE) treatment wine (53.00 a.u.) can be addressed by diluted to 13.5 °Bé high ACE treatment, restoring levels similar to 15.5 °Bé (non-diluted no ACE) treatment wine (54.33 a.u.). Total tannins (%) are restored to a similar level as 15.5 °Bé (non-diluted no ACE) treatment wine (1.19 %) by diluted to 13.5 °Bé high ACE treatment (1.20 %). Sensory analysis for naïve wine consumers shows that diluted to 13.5 °Bé moderate ACE treatment produces wine with the greatest preference for colour intensity and increased preference for odour intensity and dark fruit taste. Further, 13.5 °Bé high ACE treatment produces a wine with the greatest preference for hotness and vegetal smell and an increased preference for dark fruit taste. Both diluted to 13.5 °Bé high ACE and diluted to 13.5 °Bé mod ACE treatment wines demonstrate a statistically significant increase in purchase likelihood when compared to 15.5 °Bé (non-diluted no ACE) and diluted to 13.5 °Bé (no ACE) treatment wines. If and when water treatment of pre-fermentative musts winemaking approaches become more widely accepted globally, it is important that all winemakers are provided with additional mitigation strategies such as ACE, which can further address any consequential impacts on final wine quality outcomes.
Published: 2024
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4. The applicability of nature-based interventions to support mothers’ postnatal wellbeing: A conceptual review

Author: Katherine Hall, Christopher Barnes, Lucy Duggan, Samantha Walton, Paul Moran, Katrina Turner, and Jonathan Evans
Subjects: Postnatal depression, Nature, Outdoors, Nature-based interventions, Mothers, Human ecology. Anthropogeography, GF1-900, Social sciences (General), H1-99
Abstract: Nature-based interventions represent promising candidates for supporting mothers and infants in the postnatal period, which is a vulnerable time for mothers to experience mental health difficulties. Possible mechanisms by which nature-based interventions may support postnatal health include those of a biological/physiological nature (for example natural light optimising circadian rhythm, improving microbiome health, providing opportunities for physical activity), relational/social pathways, and cognitive and creative pathways. A conceptual understanding of these possible mechanisms will aid the design and evaluation of postnatal nature-based interventions.
Published: 2024
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5. Co-designing a nature-based intervention to promote postnatal mental health for mothers and their infants: a complex intervention development study in England

Author: Richard Brown, Paul Moran, Katrina M Turner, Jonathan Evans, Katherine Hall, Christopher Barnes, Rosa Roberts, Lucy Duggan, and Melanie Williamson
Subjects: Medicine
Abstract: Objectives There is burgeoning evidence for the potential of nature-based interventions to improve wellbeing. However, the role of nature in enhancing maternal mental health, child development and early relationships remains relatively unexplored. This study aimed to develop a co-designed nature-based intervention to improve postnatal mothers’ and infants’ wellbeing.Design, setting and participants Person-based and co-design approaches informed the planning and design of the postnatal nature-based intervention. In stage 1, a multidisciplinary team was formed to agree research questions and appropriate methodology, and a scoping review was conducted. Six qualitative focus groups were then held with 30 mothers and 15 professional stakeholders. In stage 2, intervention guiding principles and a logic model were developed, and a stakeholder consensus meeting was convened to finalise the prototype intervention. The research was conducted in Bristol, UK, across voluntary, educational and community-based healthcare settings.Results Stakeholder consultation indicated significant enthusiasm for a postnatal nature-based intervention. A scoping review identified little existing research in this area. Focus group data are reported according to four broad themes: (1) perceived benefits of a group postnatal nature-based intervention, (2) potential drawbacks and barriers to access, (3) supporting attendance and implementation, and (4) ideas for intervention content. The developed intervention was tailored for mothers experiencing, or at risk of, postnatal mental health difficulties. It was identified that the intervention should facilitate engagement with the natural world through the senses, while taking into account a broad range of postnatal-specific practical and psychological needs.Conclusions To our knowledge, this is the first reported use of person-based and co-design approaches to develop a postnatal nature-based intervention. The resulting intervention was perceived by target users to address their needs and preferences. Further research is needed to determine the feasibility, clinical and cost-effectiveness of this approach.
Published: 2023
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6. The 50-year Landsat collection 2 archive

Author: Christopher J. Crawford, David P. Roy, Saeed Arab, Christopher Barnes, Eric Vermote, Glynn Hulley, Aaron Gerace, Mike Choate, Christopher Engebretson, Esad Micijevic, Gail Schmidt, Cody Anderson, Martha Anderson, Michelle Bouchard, Bruce Cook, Ray Dittmeier, Danny Howard, Calli Jenkerson, Minsu Kim, Tania Kleyians, Thomas Maiersperger, Chase Mueller, Christopher Neigh, Linda Owen, Benjamin Page, Nima Pahlevan, Rajagopalan Rengarajan, Jean-Claude Roger, Kristi Sayler, Pat Scaramuzza, Sergii Skakun, Lin Yan, Hankui K. Zhang, Zhe Zhu, and Steve Zahn
Subjects: Landsat, Collection 2, Surface reflectance, Surface temperature, Analysis ready data, Physical geography, GB3-5030, Science
Abstract: The Landsat global consolidated data archive now exceeds 50 years. In recognition of the need for consistently processed data across the Landsat satellite series, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) initiated collection-based processing of the entire archive that was processed as Collection 1 in 2016. In preparation for the data from the now successfully launched Landsat 9, the USGS reprocessed the Landsat archive as Collection 2 in 2020. This paper describes the rationale for, and the contents and advancements provided by Collection 2, and highlights the differences between the Collection 1 and Collection 2 products. Notably, the Collection 2 products have improved geolocation and, for the first time, the USGS provides a global inventory of Level 2 surface reflectance and surface temperature products. Also for the first time, the USGS used a commercial cloud computing architecture to efficiently process the archive and enable direct cloud access of the Landsat products. The paper concludes with discussion of likely improvements expected in Collection 3 in preparation for the Landsat Next mission that is planned for launch in the early 2030s.
Published: 2023
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7. Mothers’ accounts of the impact of being in nature on postnatal wellbeing: a focus group study

Author: Katherine Hall, Jonathan Evans, Rosa Roberts, Richard Brown, Christopher Barnes, and Katrina Turner
Subjects: Postnatal depression, Nature, Outdoors, Nature-based interventions, Mothers, Gynecology and obstetrics, RG1-991, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract: Abstract Background The postnatal period is a vulnerable time for mothers to experience stress and mental health difficulties. There is increasing evidence that spending time in nature is beneficial for wellbeing. Nature-based interventions have been developed to support mental health, but not specifically tailored for mothers during the postnatal period. Understanding mothers’ views and experiences of nature would help determine the suitability for and potential impact of such interventions on postnatal wellbeing. Aims To explore mothers’ views on the impact of spending time in nature on their postnatal mental wellbeing. Methods Focus groups were held with mothers of young children (under five), including mothers from migrant and refugee communities, mothers living with mental health difficulties, and disabled mothers. Data were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis. Results Four focus groups were held, with a total of 30 participants. Six themes were developed: (1) mothers’ experiences of what constitutes ‘nature’; (2) sensing nature improves wellbeing; (3) natural spaces facilitate human connection; (4) nature provides escape and relief from daily indoor stressors; (5) nature allows new perspectives; and (6) mothers face a variety of environmental, practical, psychological, physical, socioeconomic, and cultural barriers to spending time in nature during the postnatal period. Conclusions Mothers report significant benefits to their postnatal wellbeing when spending time in nature. Further research is warranted to understand whether nature-based interventions have the potential to support postnatal wellbeing, socially, mentally, and physically.
Published: 2023
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8. Effect of Laryngoscope Blade Size on First Pass Success of Tracheal Intubation in Critically Ill Adults

Author: Kevin R. Landefeld, MD, Seiji Koike, MAS, Ran Ran, MD, Matthew W. Semler, MD, MSc, Christopher Barnes, MD, Susan B. Stempek, PA-C, MMSc, David R. Janz, MD, MSc, Todd W. Rice, MD, MSc, Derek W. Russell, MD, Wesley H. Self, MD, MPH, Derek Vonderhaar, MD, Jason R. West, MD, Jonathan D. Casey, MD, MSc, Akram Khan, MD, for the Pragmatic Critical Care Research Group, Adit A. Ginde, Sheetal Gandotra, Brian E. Driver, Matthew E. Prekker, Stacy Trent, David R. Janz, Derek W. Russell, Todd W. Rice, Wesley H. Self, and Kevin Gibbs
Subjects: Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aid, RC86-88.9
Abstract: OBJECTIVES:. Tracheal intubation (TI) is a common procedure in critical care, often performed with a Macintosh curved blade used for direct laryngoscopy (DL). Minimal evidence informs the choice between Macintosh blade sizes during TI. We hypothesized that Macintosh 4 blade would have higher first-attempt success than Macintosh 3 blade during DL. DESIGN:. Retrospective analysis using a propensity score and inverse probability weighting of data from six prior multicenter randomized trials. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS:. Adult patients who underwent nonelective TI at participating emergency departments and ICUs. We compared the first-pass success of TI with DL in subjects intubated with a size 4 Macintosh blade on the first TI attempt to subjects with a size 3 Macintosh blade on the first TI attempt. MAIN RESULTS:. Among 979 subjects, 592 (60.5%) had TI using DL with a Macintosh blade, of whom 362 (37%) were intubated with a size 4 blade and 222 (22.7%) with a size 3 blade. We used inverse probability weighting with a propensity score for analyzing data. We found that patients intubated with a size 4 blade had a worse (higher) Cormack-Lehane grade of glottic view than patients intubated with a size 3 blade (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.458; 95% CI, 1.064–2.003; p = 0.02). Patients intubated with a size 4 blade had a lower first pass success than those with a size 3 blade (71.1% vs 81.2%; aOR, 0.566; 95% CI, 0.372–0.850; p = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE:. In critically ill adults undergoing TI using DL with a Macintosh blade, patients intubated using a size 4 blade on first attempt had a worse glottic view and a lower first pass success than patients intubated with a size 3 Macintosh blade. Further prospective studies are needed to examine the optimal approach to selecting laryngoscope blade size during TI of critically ill adults.
Published: 2023
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9. Non-Invasive Digital Technologies to Assess Wine Quality Traits and Provenance through the Bottle

Author: Natalie Harris, Claudia Gonzalez Viejo, Christopher Barnes, and Sigfredo Fuentes
Subjects: near-infrared spectroscopy, machine learning modelling, authenticity, wine fraud, Fermentation industries. Beverages. Alcohol, TP500-660
Abstract: Due to increased fraud rates through counterfeiting and adulteration of wines, it is important to develop novel non-invasive techniques to assess wine quality and provenance. Assessment of quality traits and provenance of wines is predominantly undertaken with complex chemical analysis and sensory evaluation, which tend to be costly and time-consuming. Therefore, this study aimed to develop a rapid and non-invasive method to assess wine vintages and quality traits using digital technologies. Samples from thirteen vintages from Dookie, Victoria, Australia (2000–2021) of Shiraz were analysed using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIR) through unopened bottles to assess the wine chemical fingerprinting. Three highly accurate machine learning (ML) models were developed using the NIR absorbance values as inputs to predict (i) wine vintage (Model 1; 97.2%), (ii) intensity of sensory descriptors (Model 2; R = 0.95), and (iii) peak area of volatile aromatic compounds (Model 3; R = 0.88). The proposed method will allow the assessment of provenance and quality traits of wines without the need to open the wine bottle, which may also be used to detect wine fraud and provenance. Furthermore, low-cost NIR devices are available in the market with required spectral range and sensitivity, which can be affordable for winemakers and retailers and can be used with the machine learning models proposed here.
Published: 2022
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10. BOugie or stylet in patients UnderGoing Intubation Emergently (BOUGIE): protocol and statistical analysis plan for a randomised clinical trial

Author: Li Wang, Tamer Hudali, Megan Moore, Robert Mitchell, Wesley H Self, Todd W Rice, Matthew W Semler, Kate O’Connor, David B Page, Christopher Hughes, Swati Gulati, Jonathan D Casey, Derek W Russell, Derek J Vonderhaar, William S Stigler, John Whittle, Jason R West, Kevin W Gibbs, Janna S Landsperger, Sarah W Robison, Itay Bentov, Matthew E Prekker, Christopher John Lindsell, David Janz, John P Gaillard, Bradley Lloyd, Sheetal Gandotra, Anna Altz-Stamm, Cristina Bardita, Mary Clay Boone, Joe W Chiles, Kristina Collins, Abby Drescher, Kevin G Dsouza, Janna Dunn, Stacy Ejem, Josh Gautney, Nicole Harris, Savannah Herder, R Chad Wade, Rutwij Joshi, Daniel Kelmenson, Anne Merrill Mason, Scott R Merriman, Takudzwa Mkorombindo, Jada Nowak, Lisa Sarratt, Tabitha Stewart, Kadambari Vijaykumar, Gina White, Micah R Whitson, Christopher Barnes, Andrew M Walters, Adit A Ginde, Brian Driver, Stacy A Trent, Lane M Smith, AM Joffe, Michelle P Howell, Steven Mitchell, Andrew Latimer, Kevin Doerschug, Vikas Koppurapu, Alicia K Cupelo, Paige DeVries, Sally Dye, Andrea Fletcher, Christopher S Gray, Kevin High, Michael C Kurz, Carol L Lyle, Justin Oeth, Erika LW Rice, Alexandra Schick, Jamie Stang, Nathaniel D Westphal, Tak Watase, Vijay Krishnamoorthy, Raquel R Bartz, William C Fox, Bret D Alvis, Stephanie C Demasi, Laura E Goyack, Kristy K Ford, Trevor S Mattox, Sheylan D Patel, G Bruno Pereira, Anthony Defebio, Jennifer Friedel, Feysel Mohamed, Karina Nava, Angela Otoo, Christian Perez, and Cori Withers
Subjects: Medicine
Abstract: Introduction Intubation-related complications are less frequent when intubation is successful on the first attempt. The rate of first attempt success in the emergency department (ED) and intensive care unit (ICU) is typically less than 90%. The bougie, a semirigid introducer that can be placed into the trachea to facilitate a Seldinger-like technique of tracheal intubation and is typically reserved for difficult or failed intubations, might improve first attempt success. Evidence supporting its use, however, is from a single academic ED with frequent bougie use. Validation of these findings is needed before widespread implementation.Methods and analysis The BOugie or stylet in patients Undergoing Intubation Emergently trial is a prospective, multicentre, non-blinded randomised trial being conducted in six EDs and six ICUs in the USA. The trial plans to enrol 1106 critically ill adults undergoing orotracheal intubation. Eligible patients are randomised 1:1 for the use of a bougie or use of an endotracheal tube with stylet for the first intubation attempt. The primary outcome is successful intubation on the first attempt. The secondary outcome is severe hypoxaemia, defined as an oxygen saturation less than 80% between induction until 2 min after completion of intubation. Enrolment began on 29 April 2019 and is expected to be completed in 2021.Ethics and dissemination The trial protocol was approved with waiver of informed consent by the Central Institutional Review Board at Vanderbilt University Medical Center or the local institutional review board at an enrolling site. The results will be submitted for publication in a peer-reviewed journal and presented at scientific conferences.Trial registration number ClinicalTrials.gov Registry (NCT03928925).
Published: 2021
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11. Increased Bacterial Richness Associated With Lesions Within the Porites spp. of Vietnam

Author: Linett Rasmussen, Christopher Barnes, Sarah Siu Tze Mak, Kristín Rós Kjartansdóttir, Thomas Arn Hansen, Hai Doan-Nhu, Lam Nguyen-Ngoc, Tobias Guldberg Frøslev, Micaela Hellström, and Anders Johannes Hansen
Subjects: microbiome, molecular ecology, metabarcoding, bacteria, fungi, Evolution, QH359-425, Ecology, QH540-549.5
Abstract: Coral reefs worldwide are rapidly declining due to increasing anthropogenic stressors and environmental changes, with large-scale mortalities of coral reefs observed in many locations across the globe. It has become clear that the microbiome of corals is important in understanding the causes of coral infections, although its exact role is yet to be fully understood. Here, we characterize the bacteria and fungi associated with the non-lesional and lesional (identified by discoloration and tissue loss) tissues of coral species from Vietnam. Metabarcoding of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene and the fungal ITS rRNA gene region were performed. We sampled across two Porites species with potentially multiple causes of stresses, yet the bacterial compositions of lesional regions were consistently different from non-lesional areas of the same coral. These differences were driven by a considerable and significant increase in OTU richness within the lesional region compared to the non-lesional region. While no single OTU was consistently associated with lesional tissue, indicator analysis revealed that nine OTUs were significantly more persistent in the lesional regions that could represent useful bioindicators of stress. Meanwhile, there were no indicator OTUs in the non-lesional region. Further investigations are needed to determine whether changing bacterial communities play a mechanistic role in inducing lesioning, or are opportunistically colonizing stressed corals.
Published: 2020
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12. Do Transgenerational Epigenetic Inheritance and Immune System Development Share Common Epigenetic Processes?

Author: Rwik Sen and Christopher Barnes
Subjects: transgenerational, epigenetic, development, immune system, chromatin, histone, Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract: Epigenetic modifications regulate gene expression for development, immune response, disease, and other processes. A major role of epigenetics is to control the dynamics of chromatin structure, i.e., the condensed packaging of DNA around histone proteins in eukaryotic nuclei. Key epigenetic factors include enzymes for histone modifications and DNA methylation, non-coding RNAs, and prions. Epigenetic modifications are heritable but during embryonic development, most parental epigenetic marks are erased and reset. Interestingly, some epigenetic modifications, that may be resulting from immune response to stimuli, can escape remodeling and transmit to subsequent generations who are not exposed to those stimuli. This phenomenon is called transgenerational epigenetic inheritance if the epigenetic phenotype persists beyond the third generation in female germlines and second generation in male germlines. Although its primary function is likely immune response for survival, its role in the development and functioning of the immune system is not extensively explored, despite studies reporting transgenerational inheritance of stress-induced epigenetic modifications resulting in immune disorders. Hence, this review draws from studies on transgenerational epigenetic inheritance, immune system development and function, high-throughput epigenetics tools to study those phenomena, and relevant clinical trials, to focus on their significance and deeper understanding for future research, therapeutic developments, and various applications.
Published: 2021
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13. High-throughput metabarcoding reveals the effect of physicochemical soil properties on soil and litter biodiversity and community turnover across Amazonia

Author: Camila D. Ritter, Alexander Zizka, Fabian Roger, Hanna Tuomisto, Christopher Barnes, R. Henrik Nilsson, and Alexandre Antonelli
Subjects: Brazil, Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs), Rainforest, Eukaryotes, Soil microorganisms, Prokaryotes, Medicine, Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract: Background Knowledge on the globally outstanding Amazonian biodiversity and its environmental determinants stems almost exclusively from aboveground organisms, notably plants. In contrast, the environmental factors and habitat preferences that drive diversity patterns for micro-organisms in the ground remain elusive, despite the fact that micro-organisms constitute the overwhelming majority of life forms in any given location, in terms of both diversity and abundance. Here we address how the diversity and community turnover of operational taxonomic units (OTU) of organisms in soil and litter respond to soil physicochemical properties; whether OTU diversities and community composition in soil and litter are correlated with each other; and whether they respond in a similar way to soil properties. Methods We used recently inferred OTUs from high-throughput metabarcoding of the 16S (prokaryotes) and 18S (eukaryotes) genes to estimate OTU diversity (OTU richness and effective number of OTUs) and community composition for prokaryotes and eukaryotes in soil and litter across four localities in Brazilian Amazonia. All analyses were run separately for prokaryote and eukaryote OTUs, and for each group using both presence-absence and abundance data. Combining these with novel data on soil chemical and physical properties, we identify abiotic correlates of soil and litter organism diversity and community structure using regression, ordination, and variance partitioning analysis. Results Soil organic carbon content was the strongest factor explaining OTU diversity (negative correlation) and pH was the strongest factor explaining community turnover for prokaryotes and eukaryotes in both soil and litter. We found significant effects also for other soil variables, including both chemical and physical properties. The correlation between OTU diversity in litter and in soil was non-significant for eukaryotes and weak for prokaryotes. The community compositions of both prokaryotes and eukaryotes were more separated among habitat types (terra-firme, várzea, igapó and campina) than between substrates (soil and litter). Discussion In spite of the limited sampling (four localities, 39 plots), our results provide a broad-scale view of the physical and chemical correlations of soil and litter biodiversity in a longitudinal transect across the world’s largest rainforest. Our methods help to understand links between soil properties, OTU diversity patterns, and community composition and turnover. The lack of strong correlation between OTU diversity in litter and in soil suggests independence of diversity drives of these substrates and highlights the importance of including both measures in biodiversity assessments. Massive sequencing of soil and litter samples holds the potential to complement traditional biological inventories in advancing our understanding of the factors affecting tropical diversity.
Published: 2018
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14. 2510

Author: Amber L. Allen, Christopher Barnes, Kevin S. Hanson, David Nelson, Randy Harmatz, Eric Rosenberg, Linda Allen, Lilliana Bell, Lynne Meyer, Debbie Lynn, Jeanette Green, Peter Iafrate, Matthew McConnell, Patrick White, Samantha Davuluri, and Tarun Gupta Akirala
Subjects: Medicine
Abstract: OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: To create a searchable public registry of all Quality Improvement (QI) projects. To incentivize the medical professionals at UF Health to initiate quality improvement projects by reducing startup burden and providing a path to publishing results. To reduce the review effort performed by the internal review board on projects that are quality improvement Versus research. To foster publication of completed quality improvement projects. To assist the UF Health Sebastian Ferrero Office of Clinical Quality & Patient Safety in managing quality improvement across the hospital system. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: This project used a variant of the spiral software development model and principles from the ADDIE instructional design process for the creation of a registry that is web based. To understand the current registration process and management of quality projects in the UF Health system a needs assessment was performed with the UF Health Sebastian Ferrero Office of Clinical Quality & Patient Safety to gather project requirements. Biweekly meetings were held between the Quality Improvement office and the Clinical and Translational Science – Informatics and Technology teams during the entire project. Our primary goal was to collect just enough information to answer the basic questions of who is doing which QI project, what department are they from, what are the most basic details about the type of project and who is involved. We also wanted to create incentive in the user group to try to find an existing project to join or to commit the details of their proposed new project to a data registry for others to find to reduce the amount of duplicate QI projects. We created a series of design templates for further customization and feature discovery. We then proceed with the development of the registry using a Python web development framework called Django, which is a technology that powers Pinterest and the Washington Post Web sites. The application is broken down into 2 main components (i) data input, where information is collected from clinical staff, Nurses, Pharmacists, Residents, and Doctors on what quality improvement projects they intend to complete and (ii) project registry, where completed or “registered” projects can be viewed and searched publicly. The registry consists of a quality investigator profile that lists contact information, expertise, and areas of interest. A dashboard allows for the creation and review of quality improvement projects. A search function enables certain quality project details to be publicly accessible to encourage collaboration. We developed the Registry Matching Algorithm which is based on the Jaccard similarity coefficient that uses quality project features to find similar quality projects. The algorithm allows for quality investigators to find existing or previous quality improvement projects to encourage collaboration and to reduce repeat projects. We also developed the QIPR Approver Algorithm that guides the investigator through a series of questions that allows an appropriate quality project to get approved to start without the need for human intervention. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: A product of this project is an open source software package that is freely available on GitHub for distribution to other health systems under the Apache 2.0 open source license. Adoption of the Quality Improvement Project Registry and promotion of it to the intended audience are important factors for the success of this registry. Thanks goes to the UW-Madison and their QI/Program Evaluation Self-Certification Tool (https://uwmadison.co1.qualtrics.com/SE/?SID=SV_3lVeNuKe8FhKc73) used as example and inspiration for this project. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: This registry was created to help understand the impact of improved management of quality projects in a hospital system. The ultimate result will be to reduce time to approve quality improvement projects, increase collaboration across the UF Health Hospital system, reduce redundancy of quality improvement projects and translate more projects into publications.
Published: 2017
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15. Family Relationships in the Early Years

Author: Kay Owen, Christopher Barnes
Published: 2023

16. USGS CEOS Analysis Ready Data for Land Achievements and Future Plans.

Author: Christopher Barnes, Andreia Siqueira, and Steven Labahn
Published: 2021
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17. The U. S. Geological Survey's Approach to Analysis Ready Data.

Author: Cody Anderson, Steve Labahn, Dennis L. Helder, Greg Stensaas, Christopher Engebretson, Christopher J. Crawford, Calli B. Jenkerson, and Christopher Barnes
Published: 2019
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18. Circadian leadership: A review and integration of chronobiology and leadership

Author: Christopher Barnes, Stefan Volk, and Kevin Lowe
Subjects: Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management, Sociology and Political Science, General Psychology, Applied Psychology
Published: 2022

19. Understanding the impact of newborn touch upon mothers of hospitalized preterm neonates

Author: Christopher Barnes and Elvidina N. Adamson-Macedo
Subjects: Life-span and Life-course Studies
Abstract: Introduction: Many interventions have been designed to support the development of the preterm baby and minimise the complications of prematurity. However, there is limited evidence of the possible psychological benefits of touch to the mother when she is the one performing the support programme during the hospitalisation of her newborn. Objective: This study explored whether the type of touch provided to preterm neonates had an impact on maternal self-efficacy, self-esteem and maternal-to-infant attachment, as-well-as newborn weight gain. Methods: Using a randomised cluster trial, forty babies and their mothers were allocated to one of two groups receiving either a touch-based intervention (TAC-TIC; Touching And Caressing; Tender In Caring) or spontaneous touch. Results: Mothers who provided the touch-based intervention demonstrated greater increases in self-efficacy, self-esteem and attachment, and babies gained more weight than those using spontaneous touch. Conclusion: The results indicate that systematic touch interventions may be used to facilitate the mother-baby relationship as well as to promote newborn weight gain.
Published: 2022

20. Exhumation of continental margin rocks from mantle depths to orogenic foreland: example from the Seve Nappe Complex of the central Scandinavian Caledonides

Author: Chong Ma, Jarosław Majka, Jeffrey A. Benowitz, Christopher Barnes, Håkan Sjöström, David G. Gee, and Mark G. Steltenpohl
Subjects: General Earth and Planetary Sciences
Published: 2022

21. Oral Endotracheal Tube Stabilization for Facial Burns in Infants—Report of Two Techniques

Author: Jasjit K Dillon, Aparna Bhat, Christopher Barnes, Barclay Stewart, and Andrea B Burke
Subjects: Rehabilitation, Emergency Medicine, Surgery
Abstract: Establishing a secure airway is critical in the acute phase of facial burns. This case report involving a 9-month-old infant with facial burns describes two techniques of securing an oral airway—trans-alveolar wiring and the application of an intermaxillary fixation (IMF) screw. The use of an IMF screw was more reliable than trans-alveolar wiring, as it allowed a secure airway through the patient’s hospitalization, which involved seven additional surgical interventions including five separate facial skin grafts over a 3-month period.
Published: 2023

22. The prevalence of bleeding disorders in women with proven endometriosis: results of a screening study

Author: Sarah Heynemann, Emma Rachel Accadia, Melissa Cameron, Ray Dauer, Christopher Barnes, and Sonia R Grover
Abstract: Objective: To establish the rate of bleeding disorders amongst women with confirmed endometriosis and clarify predictive features on history. Methods: Eight-two women with confirmed diagnosis of endometriosis were recruited from a tertiary womens hospital. General bleeding tendency was evaluated with a modified internationally standardised questionnaire, and a bleeding score was calculated. Menstrual loss was evaluated by obtaining current and heaviest-ever menses profile using Pictorial Blood loss Assessment Chart(PBAC). Forty-one women satisfied criteria for a significant bleeding tendency and underwent coagulation tests including Prothrombin time(PT), activated partial thromboplastin time(aPTT), Platelet Function Analyser-100(PFA-100) and von Willebrand factor(vWF)/Factor VIII(FVIII) studies. Results : The prevalence of abnormal screening haemostasis tests for the population was 17.72% (95% CI 10.04-27.94) for all tests, 8.54%(95% CI 3.50-16.80) for vWF tests, and 12.99%( 95% CI 6.41-22.59) for PFA-100. Receiver Operator Characteristic curve analysis demonstrated a very good performance of the bleeding score as a diagnostic test for haemostatic abnormalities for nulliparous women with endometriosis. Bleeding symptoms individually were not predictive. Logistic regression suggested the combination of mittleschmerz, cutaneous bleeding symptoms, heavy menstrual bleeding and prolonged bleeding from minor wounds as predictive for haemostatic abnormalities (p=0.0197). Conclusion: The prevalence of abnormal bleeding tests in women with endometriosis on preliminary testing was higher than the population rate of bleeding abnormalities and thus people with histologically proven endometriosis warrant a higher index of suspicion with respect to testing for mild bleeding disorders.
Published: 2023

23. Software Architecture Rationale Capture through Intelligent Argumentation.

Author: Xiaoqing Frank Liu, Nagaprashanth Chanda, and Eric Christopher Barnes
Published: 2014

24. Text-Based Clustering and Analysis of Intelligent Argumentation Data.

Author: Eric Christopher Barnes and Xiaoqing Frank Liu
Published: 2014

25. 100% inspection does not mean 100% defect detection

Author: Christopher Barnes, Valerie Rautureau, Christine Gardner, Alan McDonagh, Isabelle Damay, Peggy Guetard, Mike Selzer, Heidi Fronheiser, Antonio Burazer, and Scott Ewan
Published: 2023

26. Epigenetic features, methods, and implementations associated with COVID-19

Author: Rwik Sen, Shreya Sarkar, Sarantis Chlamydas, Michael Garbati, and Christopher Barnes
Published: 2023

27. Deciphering the tectonometamorphic history of subducted metapelites using quartz‐in‐garnet and Ti‐in‐quartz (QuiG–TiQ) geothermobarometry : A key for understanding burial in the Scandinavian Caledonides

Author: Pauline Jeanneret, Iwona Klonowska, Christopher Barnes, Jarosław Majka, Johanna Holmberg, Mattia Gilio, William Nachlas, Matteo Alvaro, Karolina Kośmińska, Henning Lorenz, Thomas Zack, Anna Ladenberger, and Hemin Koyi
Subjects: P–T–D–t evolution, 40Ar/39Ar dating, Scandinavian Caledonides, Geochemistry, Geochemistry and Petrology, quartz-in-garnet, Geology, Geologi, Geokemi, Ti-in-quartz thermobarometry
Abstract: The Seve Nappe Complex is a subduction-related high-grade metamorphic unit that was emplaced onto the margin of Baltica during Caledonian orogenesis. In this paper, the tectonometamorphic evolution of the Lower Seve Nappe in the Scandinavian Caledonides was characterized with the help of the continuous Collisional Orogeny in the Scandinavian Caledonides (COSC-1) drill core, using a combination of various P–T estimation techniques based on garnet–quartz mineral pairs (quartz-in-garnet and Ti-in-quartz [QuiG–TiQ]), conventional thermobarometry and thermodynamic modelling of phase equilibria. This multi-method approach yields complementary results and delivers critical data to constrain a comprehensive pressure–temperature–deformation–time (P–T–D–t) evolutionary path for the metasedimentary rocks of the Lower Seve Nappe. In the garnetiferous metasedimentary rocks, quartz inclusions in garnet preserve the P–T conditions of three distinct garnet growth stages corresponding to three metamorphic stages Ms1 to Ms3, including prograde and peak metamorphic conditions. Ms1 and Ms2 stages were constrained via quartz inclusions in garnet core and mantle. They are relatively close in the P–T space and could be considered as one single continuous prograde event occurring at epidote–amphibolite facies conditions of 460–520°C and 0.6–0.85 GPa. The growth of the garnet outermost rim defines the Ms3 stage at amphibolite facies conditions of 590–610°C and 1.13–1.18 GPa and corresponds to the peak metamorphic conditions. The microstructural analysis shows that the finite ductile strain pattern of the Lower Seve Nappe results from the superposition of four deformation phases. The initial phase D1 is defined by the S1 foliation that is still preserved as a curved inclusion trail in the garnet core. The D2 phase initiated contemporaneously with garnet core growth and the development of muscovite–biotite–plagioclase S2 foliation. Garnet outermost rim growth marks the end of the prograde path and peak metamorphic conditions. This stage is overprinted by the D3 phase and Ms4 stage associated with the development of the main regional metamorphic and mylonitic fabric S3 associated with C′-type shear bands along the retrograde path. Ms4 stage, which was constrained using traditional thermobarometric techniques, corresponds to the chemical re-equilibration of the metasedimentary minerals and occurred under amphibolite facies conditions at ~570–610°C and 0.78–1.00 GPa. The D3 phase is then generally weakly to strongly overprinted by later lower grade deformation D4 phase at greenschist facies conditions (Ms5). 40Ar/39Ar ages of syn-kinematic white mica and biotite indicate that the final stage of the thrusting of the Lower Seve Nappe and thus the timing of its emplacement onto the Offerdal Nappe occurred at c. 423 Ma. Collectively, these results are consistent with previous estimates of the timing and conditions of metamorphism derived from the Lower Seve Nappe especially in west-central Jämtland. However, application of QuiG–TiQ thermobarometry demonstrated that quartz inclusions in garnet can preserve different aspects of garnet growth, which are not accessible by traditional methods especially in complex terranes, and therefore provided new significant insights into the Lower Seve prograde evolution.
Published: 2023

28. Contributors

Author: Megha Bhat Agni, Fares Al-Ejeh, Amjad Ali, Mariam Al-Muftah, Taís Aparecida Alvarenga, Lobna Al-Zaidan, K.R. Anu, Farha Anwer, Maryum Arif, Hayeqa Shahwar Awan, Anindya Bandyopadhyay, Katarina Baralić, Bruno Henrique Groenner Barbosa, Debmalya Barh, Christopher Barnes, Amina Basheer, Takwa Bedhiafi, Tulika Bhardwaj, Dragica Bozic, Elenice Valentim Carmona, Subhash Chandra, Nathaniel Chapin, Almas Chaudhry, Sarantis Chlamydas, Harry Coppock, Emmanuel Cornillot, Simone Gonçalves da Fonseca, Damodara Gowda, Subham Das, Santanu Dasgupta, Said Dermime, Daniela Fernanda dos Santos Alves, Danijela Đukić-Ćosić, Erika Christiane Marocco Duran, Queenie Fernandes, Juan Luis Fernandez-Martinez, Ana Cláudia Barbosa Honório Ferreira, Danton Diego Ferreira, Roger Frutos, Michael Garbati, Luiz Gustavo Gardinassi, Konstantinos I. Gourgoulianis, Mubashir Hassan, Pramukh Subrahmanya Hegde, Varghese Inchakalody, Alex Joseph, Tushar Joshi, Nagesh Kancharla, Bineypreet Kaur, Jaspreet Kaur, Adithi Kellarai, Andrzej Kloczkowski, Gustavo Barbosa Libotte, Davi Vinícius de Lima, Fran Sérgio Lobato, Abhilash Ludhiadch, Saul O. Lugo Reyes, Kenneth Lundstrom, Amit K. Maiti, Shalini Mathpal, Maysaloun Merhi, Sarra Mestiri, Mostafa M. Mohamed, Maria Helena Baena de Moraes Lopes, Dina Moustafa, Anjana Munshi, Anam Naz, Mina A. Nessiem, Mehmet Özdemir, Gustavo Mendes Platt, Sari Eka Pratiwi, Abdur Rahman, Afsheen Raza, Demóstenes Zegarra Rodríguez, Helioswilton Sales-Campos, Luis Otávio Santos, Shreya Sarkar, Björn W. Schuller, Rwik Sen, Fatima Shahid, Priyanka Sharma, Abubakar Siddique, Ammara Siddique, Pallavi Somvanshi, Camila Oliveira Silva Souza, Syeda Duaa Tahir, Nassiba Taib, Sushma Tamta, Shahab Uddin, Ayşe Rüveyda Uğur, George D. Vavougios, Maaz Waseem, Umesh Prasad Yadav, Eugenia Ch. Yiannakopoulou, Ysrafil Ysrafil, Tahreem Zaheer, Sotirios G. Zarogiannis, and Katarina Živančević
Published: 2023

29. Non-Invasive Digital Technologies to Assess Wine Quality Traits and Provenance through the Bottle

Author: Christopher Barnes, Natalie Harris, Sigfredo Fuentes, and Claudia Gonzalez Viejo
Subjects: near-infrared spectroscopy, machine learning modelling, authenticity, wine fraud, Plant Science, Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (miscellaneous), Food Science
Abstract: Due to increased fraud rates through counterfeiting and adulteration of wines, it is important to develop novel non-invasive techniques to assess wine quality and provenance. Assessment of quality traits and provenance of wines is predominantly undertaken with complex chemical analysis and sensory evaluation, which tend to be costly and time-consuming. Therefore, this study aimed to develop a rapid and non-invasive method to assess wine vintages and quality traits using digital technologies. Samples from thirteen vintages from Dookie, Victoria, Australia (2000–2021) of Shiraz were analysed using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIR) through unopened bottles to assess the wine chemical fingerprinting. Three highly accurate machine learning (ML) models were developed using the NIR absorbance values as inputs to predict (i) wine vintage (Model 1; 97.2%), (ii) intensity of sensory descriptors (Model 2; R = 0.95), and (iii) peak area of volatile aromatic compounds (Model 3; R = 0.88). The proposed method will allow the assessment of provenance and quality traits of wines without the need to open the wine bottle, which may also be used to detect wine fraud and provenance. Furthermore, low-cost NIR devices are available in the market with required spectral range and sensitivity, which can be affordable for winemakers and retailers and can be used with the machine learning models proposed here.
Published: 2022
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30. Integrating Functional with Non-functional Requirements Analysis In Object Oriented Modeling Tool Based on HOOMT (S).

Author: Jinwu Wang, Fan Zhang, Xiaoqing (Frank) Liu, Eric Christopher Barnes, Buqing Cao, and Mingdong Tang
Published: 2013

31. Conflict detection and resolution for product line design in a collaborative decision making environment.

Author: Xiaoqing (Frank) Liu, Eric Christopher Barnes, and Juha Erik Savolainen
Published: 2012
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32. Exploring the lived experiences of mothers who identify with ‘gender disappointment’

Author: Jenny Hallam, Christopher Barnes, Nina Young, Jane Montague, and Jessica Jackson
Subjects: Disappointment, Feeling, Lived experience, media_common.quotation_subject, education, medicine, Context (language use), medicine.symptom, Psychology, Developmental psychology, Term (time), media_common
Abstract: In a western context, little is known about the term ‘gender disappointment’, which describes feelings of despair around not having a child of the desired sex. This study aimed to explore the lived experiences of British women who identify with the concept. Six mothers with only sons, who also desired a daughter, participated in a semi-structured interview via an online platform. An interpretative phenomenological analysis identified themes related to pity, societal expectations of unfulfillment, and concerns relating to the future mother-son relationship, feelings of guilt and shame, barriers to seeking help and the benefits of talking. The study concludes that there is a need for greater awareness of gender disappointment and the negative impact it has on maternal wellbeing. In addition, mothers who identify with gender disappointment would benefit from support from health visitors to enable them to access the help they need.
Published: 2021

33. Experiences Gained from Construction of Long Beach Container Terminal Middle Harbor Automated Terminal at the Port of Long Beach

Author: Cesar Larios, David Tran, Christopher Barnes, Reza Alamir, and Raj S. Varatharaj
Published: 2022

34. Paradoxical Leadership: An Episodic-Circadian Approach

Author: Stefan Volk and Christopher Barnes
Subjects: General Medicine
Published: 2022

35. Chronobiology & Sleep @ Work

Author: Jana Kühnel, Stefan Volk, Christopher Barnes, J. Jeffrey Gish, Cristiano L O Guarana, Jette Völker, Johannes Friedrich Walter Arendt, Ronald Bledow, Anne Casper, Brian Gunia, Jaewook Lee, Kevin B. Lowe, Dan Ni, and Sabine Sonnentag
Subjects: General Medicine
Published: 2022

36. 69 Methamphetamine Positivity Prior to Burn Surgery Does not Adversely Affect Intraoperative or Inpatient Outcomes

Author: Clifford Sheckter, Nada Rizk, David Crawford, Yvonne Karanas, Christopher Barnes, and Tam Pham
Subjects: Rehabilitation, Emergency Medicine, Surgery
Abstract: Introduction The treatment of burn patients using amphetamines is challenging for hemodynamic and behavioral reasons. In addition, recent amphetamine use may also pose intraoperative risks. Due to insufficient literature to guide the safety and timing of operative care, wide practice variation exists in the operative timing for this patient population. We hypothesize that burn excision without negative amphetamine toxicology is safe. Methods We queried the operative and electronic health records of amphetamine-positive patients treated from 2017-2022 at two ABA verified burn centers. The practice guideline at Center A obtains admission toxicology only and proceeds with surgery based on hemodynamic status and operative urgency, whereas Center B sends daily toxicology until a negative test results. The primary safety outcome was the use of vasoactive agents during the index operation. This risk was modeled via logistic regression and adjusted for injury severity and hospital day for index operation. Secondary outcomes included death and inpatient complications. Results A total of 270 patients were identified during the study period. Mean age was 45.5 years (SD 12.9 years), median TBSA was 9.2% and the majority were male (76.7%). There were no significant differences in injury size, age, or male/female proportion between the two sites. Whereas Center A only tested once on admission, Center B obtained a median of 4 toxicology screens prior to surgery. There were no difference in mean induction systolic blood pressure between the 2 sites, although Center A had more patients who had SBP< 95 or >160mmHg on induction (one-way ANOVA p=0.596). The adjusted OR of requiring vasoactive support during surgery was not associated with negative toxicology status (p=0.821). A larger injury size (%TBSA >20) conferred a significant higher risk of vasoactive support (adj. OR 13.42 [3.90 – 46.23], p< 0.001). Clinical outcomes at the 2 sites were similar in the terms of mortality, number of operations, stroke, and hospital length of stay. Conclusions Comparison between 2 ABA verified burn centers identifies a significant variation in practice with regards to serial amphetamine screenings prior to burn surgery. This study indicates that negative toxicology does not impact intraoperative anesthesia management nor subsequent burn clinical outcomes. Applicability of Research to Practice Serial toxicology tests are unnecessary to guide operative timing of burn patients with amphetamine use.
Published: 2023

37. Employing Internet2 Technology to Enable Collaborative Research and Distributed Training in Complex Multi-Operation Settings.

Author: Christopher Barnes, Linda Elliott, and Eileen Entin
Published: 2001

38. Handbook of Research on Academic Libraries as Partners in Data Science Ecosystems

Author: Nandita Mani and Christopher Barnes
Published: 2022

39. Thapsigargins and induced chemical defence in Thapsia garganica

Author: Carmen Quiñonero-López, Christopher Barnes, Henrik Toft Simonsen, Madeleine Ernst, Karen Martinez-Swatson, and Nina Rønsted
Subjects: Thapsigargin, Apiaceae, SERCA, Metabolite, fungi, food and beverages, Biology, biology.organism_classification, Biochemistry, Thapsia garganica, chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, Biosynthesis, Gene expression, Toxicity, cardiovascular system, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Abstract: Thapsigargin and related compounds are produced by Thapsia garganica L. (Apiaceae) and are thought to be a defence compound against herbivory. Thapsigargin inhibits the sarco-endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA) in both vertebrates and invertebrates. This activity is responsible for its potent toxicity, as well as the potential use to treat solid tumours. However, the ecological role and regulation of thapsigargin are not well understood, and the aim of this study was to investigate if thapsigargin biosynthesis was responsive to leaf damage. To test the response to potential leaf damage during a herbivory, greenhouse plants were subjected to clipping to mimic the physical damage. Unclipped versus clipped plants were sampled for chemical analysis and the gene expression for the two known thapsigargin biosynthetic genes (TgTPS2 and TgCYP76AE2) was investigated. Data obtained by LC–ESI–MS/MS were used to perform molecular networking to identify chemical constituents related to thapsigargin and its biosynthesis. The results show a significant change in a plant’s chemical profile after mimicking an herbivory event. Both the chemical analysis and gene expression data show that T. garganica plants can induce the biosynthesis of this class of defence compounds at the site of an attack. Thapsigargins are clearly the dominant defence compounds in these plants, and they seem to be produced through a common biosynthetic pathway with little diversity. This likely means that T. garganica has a relatively simple response to herbivory, as opposed to many other plant species that have been shown to have complex metabolite responses to herbivory.
Published: 2020

40. Rugby Player’s Aorta: Alarming Prevalence of Ascending Aortic Dilatation and Effacement in Elite Rugby Players

Author: Laura Moore, David S. Celermajer, David Marshman, Sharon Kay, Stuart M. Grieve, Benjamin M. Moore, Michael Seco, and Christopher Barnes
Subjects: Adult, Male, Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Aortic root, Aortic Diseases, Football, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Asymptomatic, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Internal medicine, medicine.artery, Prevalence, medicine, Humans, Clinical significance, 030212 general & internal medicine, Aorta, Aged, Aortic dilatation, Population mean, business.industry, Mean age, Middle Aged, Dilatation, Athletes, Echocardiography, Cardiology, medicine.symptom, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, human activities
Abstract: Prompted by a cluster of observations concerning ascending aortic pathology in elite rugby players, we assessed over 150 asymptomatic predominantly retired players with echocardiography, aiming to document the prevalence and severity of ascending aortic dilatation and/or anterior aortic effacement, both 'risk factors' for potentially catastrophic aortic complications.Rugby players (at least 5 years of high level competitive rugby) were classified as elite (national, state or first grade representatives) or non-elite. A total of 152 asymptomatic players with a mean age of 45 ± 13 years (range 21-65) underwent transthoracic echocardiography. Z-scores (number of standard deviations from a population mean) were calculated for aortic root and ascending aortic size.Regarding the aortic root, a Z-score of2 was seen in 24% (expected prevalence 2.3%, p 0.001) and a Z-score3 was seen in 4% (expected prevalence 0..1%, p 0.001). Sixty-two (62) players (41%) had an aortic root greater than 40 mm diameter. Ascending aortic Z-scores were2 in 53% of players and3 in 22% (p 0.001). Abnormal anterior aortic effacement at the sinotubular junction (STJ) was seen in 88 players (58%). Abnormal aortic dilatation and effacement were associated with a longer duration of competitive rugby participation and elite status, respectively.Ascending aortic dilatation with abnormal anterior effacement is exceedingly common in asymptomatic retired elite rugby players. This warrants increased surveillance in retired players until the clinical significance of these findings can be further investigated.
Published: 2020

41. Psychometric Properties of the Spanish Version of the Perceived Maternal Parenting Self-efficacy (PMP S-E) Tool for Primiparous Women

Author: Carolina Vargas-Porras, María Inmaculada de Molina-Fernández, Elvidina N. Adamson-Macedo, Zayne Milena Roa-Díaz, Christopher Barnes, and Carme Ferré-Grau
Subjects: Adult, Psychometrics, Epidemiology, Colombia, Young Adult, Cronbach's alpha, Surveys and Questionnaires, Content validity, Humans, Medicine, 610 Medicine & health, Reliability (statistics), Face validity, Parenting, business.industry, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Reproducibility of Results, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Construct validity, Translating, Self Efficacy, Exploratory factor analysis, Comprehension, Parity, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Female, business, 360 Social problems & social services, Clinical psychology
Abstract: OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to determine the validity and the reliability of the Perceived Maternal Parenting Self-Efficacy tool translated into Spanish and adapted to be used among primiparous women of term babies. METHODS Validation study. A total of 210 women participated in the survey to establish construct validity and reliability. The questionnaire has 20 items and four subscales. The higher the score, the higher the self-efficacy. A process of translation/back-translation and cultural adaptation in accordance with international standards and an expert review were conducted to test face and content validity. The Validity Content Index and an exploratory factor analysis were used to identify the structure of the questionnaire. Reliability was estimated using Cronbach's alpha coefficient. RESULTS Linguistic and cultural adaptation, validation and reliability were performed. Face validity for women was as follows: high comprehension (99%); and for experts: medium comprehension (84.1%), medium clarity (83.9%) and medium precision (80%). Concerning pertinence, the content validity index was 0.93 (i.e., highly pertinent). Concerning relevance, the content validity index was 0.96 (i.e., highly relevant). Factor validation identified four factors that accounted for 91% of the variance. Overall Cronbach's alpha value was 0.98 (IC 95 0.97-0.98). CONCLUSIONS FOR PRACTICE Given the robust properties of the Spanish version of the Perceived Maternal Parenting Self-efficacy, it may be used to identify women with low self-efficacy and to assess the effectiveness of health-based interventions.
Published: 2020

42. Correlations between sleep disturbance and brain structures associated with neurodegeneration in the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center Uniform Data Set

Author: Shanna Burke, Adrienne Grudzien, Tan Li, Marlou Abril, Christine Spadola, Christopher Barnes, Kevin Hanson, Michael Grandner, and Steven DeKosky
Subjects: Sleep Wake Disorders, Neurology, Alzheimer Disease, Physiology (medical), Humans, Brain, Surgery, Neurology (clinical), General Medicine, Gray Matter, Sleep, Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Abstract: This study aimed to 1) determine the association between sleep disturbance and brain structure volumes, 2) the moderation effect of apolipoprotein ε4 genotype on sleep disturbance and brain structures, and 3) the moderation effect of sleep disturbance on cognitive status and regional brain volumes. Using the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center Uniform Data Set (n = 1,533), multiple linear regressions were used to evaluate the association between sleep disturbance and brain volumes. Sleep disturbance was measured using one question from the NPI-Q. After controlling for intracranial volume, age, sex, years of education, race, ethnicity, and applying the FDR correction, total cerebrospinal fluid volume, left lateral ventricle volume, total lateral ventricle volume, and total third ventricle volume demonstrated significantly higher means for those with sleep disturbance. Total brain volume, total white and gray matter volume, total cerebrum brain volume (including gray but not white matter), left hippocampus volume, total hippocampal volume, the left, right, and total frontal lobe cortical gray matter volume, and the left, right, and total temporal lobe cortical gray matter volume demonstrated significantly lower mean volumes for those with sleep disturbance. Sleep disturbance moderated the association between cognitive status and lateral ventricular volumes. These findings suggest that disrupted sleep is associated with atrophy across multiple brain regions and ventricular hydrocephalus ex vacuo.
Published: 2022

43. When is it safe to resume anticoagulation in traumatic brain injury?

Author: Ireana C. Ng, Christopher Barnes, Subarna Biswas, David Wright, and Arman Dagal
Subjects: Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Brain Injuries, Traumatic, Anticoagulants, Humans, Pulmonary Embolism, Aged
Abstract: When to resume or initiate anticoagulation therapy following traumatic brain injury (TBI) is controversial. This summary describes the latest evidence to guide best practice.Following trauma, prophylactic, and therapeutic anticoagulation (TAC) have been widely encouraged to prevent major comorbidities such as pulmonary embolism and deep venous thrombosis. Increased rebleeding risk and potentially catastrophic outcome from initiation of anticoagulation treatment in TBI are mainly influenced by institutional guidelines or physician preference in the absence of level I or II recommendations. In recent years, there has been an increasing number of TBI in the elderly population on anticoagulation for other medical conditions; this complicates the decision and timing to restart anticoagulation after the injury.Strategies and timing to start prophylactic and TAC differ significantly between institutions and physicians. Each TBI patient should be evaluated on a case-by-case basis on when to start anticoagulation. More investigation is required to guide best practice.
Published: 2022

44. Zircon age depth-profiling sheds light on the early Caledonian evolution of the Seve Nappe Complex in west-central Jämtland

Author: Katarzyna Walczak, David G. Gee, Jarosław Majka, Christopher Barnes, and Iwona Klonowska
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Zircon geochronology, Geochemistry, Metamorphism, Geology, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, Granulite, 01 natural sciences, Seve Nappe Complex, Double dunking, Nappe, Caledonian Orogeny, HP, Depth profiling, Ordovician, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Laurentia, Baltica, UHP metamorphism, Geologi, Metamorphic facies, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Zircon
Abstract: The Scandinavian Caledonides comprise nappe stacks of far-travelled allochthons that record closure of the Iapetus Ocean and subsequent continental collision of Baltica and Laurentia. The Seve Nappe Complex (SNC) of the Scandinavian Caledonides includes relics of the outermost Baltoscandian passive margin that were subducted to mantle depths. The earliest of the deep subduction events has been dated to ca. 500–480 Ma. Evidence of this event has been reported from the northern exposures of the SNC. Farther south in the central and southern segments of the SNC, (ultra)high-pressure rocks have yielded younger ages in the range of ca. 470–440 Ma. This study provides the first record of the early Caledonian event in the southern SNC. The evidence has been obtained by depth profiling of zircon grains that were extracted from the Tvaraklumparna microdiamond-bearing gneiss. These zircon grains preserve eclogite facies overgrowths that crystallized at 482.6 ± 3.8 Ma. A second, chemically-distinct zircon overgrowth records granulite facies metamorphism at 439.3 ± 3.6 Ma, which corroborates previous geochronological evidence for granulite facies metamorphism at this time. Based on these results, we propose that the entire outer margin of Baltica was subducted in the late Cambrian to early Ordovician, but the record of this event may be almost entirely eradicated in the vast majority of lithologies by pervasive late Ordovician to early Silurian metamorphism.
Published: 2022

45. Causes of Parole Revocation Through the Lens of the Youth: A Qualitative Analysis of Potential Factors

Author: Deborah Kurth Jones, Christopher Barnes, and Nubia Garcia-Shinagawa
Subjects: Law, Pathology and Forensic Medicine
Abstract: Studies on the experience of reentry following confinement in a correctional facility for youth offenders is limited, and often quantitative. Using qualitative data gathered through structured interviews with 43 youths, this study examined potential risk and protective factors connected with parole revocation. For this sample, the most significant risk factors experienced were related to substance use, failure to receive needed mental health services, and poor relationships and communication with their parole officer. The findings underscore the importance of social support for youth recently released from secure care confinement, and specific examples of actions and approaches that can interfere with youths’ feelings of support are provided. Multiple policy and programming recommendations for the juvenile justice system are offered.
Published: 2023

46. PSUN218 The Impact of Mandatory Pre-Operative Endocrinology Outpatient Consultation Before Elective Surgery in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus

Author: Ahmet Selcuk Can, Jaya Naran, Neha Ghalib, Roople Risam, Caroline LaFerla, Alexander Gaykovyy, Rami Azzam, Samantha Lavertue, Christopher Barnes, and Tahir HaytoÄŸlu
Subjects: Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
Abstract: Introduction A multi-departmental quality improvement initiative by endocrinology, internal medicine, surgery, and anesthesia became effective, making it the standard of care to call for an outpatient endocrinology consult for diabetic patients undergoing elective surgery in our hospital. Aim We tested our hypothesis that mandatory endocrinology consults prior to elective surgery decreases negative outcome parameters in patients with poorly controlled diabetes. Material and Method: Patients with diabetes mellitus (T2DM) who had an HbA1C 8% and above and who were planned to have elective surgery were seen by Endocrinology Service as an outpatient before the surgery date and were cleared until fasting glucose is less than 200 mg/dl or HbA1c is less than 8%. Retrospective analysis of 64 inpatient elective T2DM surgical patients, with no endocrine consults from 09/2019-12/2019 (Group I), comparing with 51 inpatient elective T2DM surgical patients from 09/2020-12/2020, with endocrine consults prior to surgery (Group II). Exclusion criteria: Emergency surgical patients and patients who received endocrine consults prior to surgery from September – December 2019. Primary outcome measure: Average capillary glucose, length of stay (LOS), the number of patients with hypoglycemic episodes ( Results There were 64 patients without endocrinology consult in 2019 (Group I) and 51 patients with endocrinology consult in 2020 (Group II). Although it was a mandatory policy, only 11 out of 51 patients were consulted to endocrinology. There was no difference in baseline characteristics of age, gender, average HbA1c, and type of surgery between the two groups. Average glucose during hospital stay, the number of patients who had hypoglycemia (13% versus 6%), average LOS, readmission within 30 days and postoperative infection rate were not statistically different between Group I and II. In Group I hypoglycemic events were 2% of all the capillary glucose measurements performed (17 hypoglycemia out of 852) and in Group II hypoglycemic events were %0.5 (3 out of 653) of all the capillary glucose measurements performed during surgical admission (p Conclusion The number of hypoglycemic events were lower in patients with diabetes and preoperative mandatory endocrinology consultation. There was no difference in average glucose, LOS, the number of subjects with hypoglycemia, readmission or infection rate. The study should be repeated after more education about mandatory preoperative endocrinology consults to surgeons is delivered and after the COVID pandemic is over, when there are no restrictions on elective surgery. Presentation: Sunday, June 12, 2022 12:30 p.m. - 2:30 p.m.
Published: 2022

47. Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

Author: Labeau, Sonia O, Afonso, Elsa, Benbenishty, Julie, Blackwood, Bronagh, Boulanger, Carole, Brett, Stephen J, Calvino-Gunther, Silvia, Chaboyer, Wendy, Coyer, Fiona, Deschepper, Mieke, François, Guy, Honore, Patrick M, Jankovic, Radmilo, Khanna, Ashish K, Llaurado-Serra, Mireia, Lin, Frances, Rose, Louise, Rubulotta, Francesca, Saager, Leif, Williams, Ged, Blot, Stijn I, Dritan, Muzha, Antoni Margarit Ribas, Fernando, Lipovesty, Cecilia, Loudet, Fiona, Coyer, Philipp, Eller, Nafseen, Mostafa, Patrick, M Honoré, Vanesa Mercado Telleria, Jasmina, Smajic, Paula Cristina Nogueira, Khalid Mahmood Khan Nafees, Romuald, Hentchoya, Louise, Rose, Javiera, Soledad, Frances, Lin, Yenny, Cardenas, Amylkar Garay Reyes, Alan, Sustic, Meropi, Mpouzika, Tamas, Vymazal, Hanne Irene Jensen, Hernan, Aguirre-Bermeo, Liivi, Maddison, Maija, Valta, Silvia, Calvino-Gunther, Frank, Bloos, Faustina Excel Adipa, Vasilios, Koulouras, Judy, Enamorado, Zsuzsann, Ágoston, Hrönn, Birgisdóttir, Amit, Gupta, Mohan, Gurjar, Bram, Kilapong, Seyed Mohammadreza Hashemian, Ignacio, Martin-Loeches, Julie, Benbenishty, Andrea, Cortegiani, Kelly, Fletcher, Yoshiro, Hayashi, Wangari, Waweru-Siika, Khalid, Abidi, Sang-Min, Lee, Burhan, Hadri, Mihails, Dolgusevs, Fayez François Abillama, Tomas, Jovaisa, Cyril, Thix, Muhammed, Elhadi, Basri Mat Nor, Shanti, Ratnam, Mohd Zulfakar Mazlan, Sundaresan, Maiyalagan, Luis, Sánchez-Hurtado, Adrian, Belii, Mendsaikhan, Naranpurev, Prabha, Gautam, Dylan De Lange, Rachael, Parke, Rose Ekama Ilesanmi, Mirjana, Shosholcheva, Antonija, Petosic, Ranveig, Lind, Madiha Hashmi Ffarcsi, Javier, Bogarin, Aaron Mark Hernandez, Malgorzata, Mikaszewska-Sokolewicz, Bruno, Sousa, Dana, Tomescu, Dorel, Sandesc, Theogene, Twagirumugabe, Vitaly, Gusarov, Maie, Ebaid, Radmilo, Jankovic, Gari, Slobodianiuk, Andrea, Martonova, Rihard, Knafelj, Mervyn, Mer, Emilio, Maseda, Bernardo, Panka, Joerg, C Schefold, Eva, Joelsson-Alm, Konlawij, Trongtrakul, Lorna, Merritt-Charles, Lamia Ouanes Besbes, Yalım, Dikmen, Lesia, Zgrzheblovska, Mark, Fielding, Francesca, Rubulotta, Ashish, K Khanna, Leif, Saager, Ingrid von der Osten, Alban, Greca, Alma, Cani, Nordian, Xhindi, Genci, Hyska, Antonio Margarit Ribas, Susana, Pinto, Paulo, Alves, Romina, Esposito, Emanuel, Valgolio, John Thomas Sanchez Minope, Antonio, Abdala, Maria, Ayala, Silvina, Bravo, Ana, Bantar, Patricia, Delgado, Gustavo, Badariotti, Fernando, Lipovestky, Ana, Diaz, Pablo, Saul, Mariano, Setten, Alejandra, Aucapina, Ysica, Acosta, Victor, Gonzalez, Luis, Camputaro, Fernando, Baccaro, Robert, Villa, Marcela, Mastantuono, Emiliano, Dean, Oscar Fernández Rostello, Patricia, Brizuela, Julio Ricardo Bartoli, Matias, Guereschi, Cristian, Quiroga, Sofia, Putruele, Paula, Villegas, Veronica, Curilen, Ruben, Fernandez, Mariangeles Gabriela Nocheretti, Rosana Gabriela Escalante, Cecilia Inés Loudet, Silvia, Fernandez, Ana Laura Gonzalez, Gustavo Andres Alvarez, Federico, Iglesias, Silvia, Chaparro, Graciela, Zakalik, Gonzalo, Pagella, Matías, Baini, Pierina Arias Campos, Ignacio, Sabbag, Armando, Schmukler, Imelda Perdomo Fonseca, Gonzalo Martín Alvarez, Mario, Ramirez, Fernando, Tapia, Carlos Alejandro Bascary, Graciela Del Valle Gimenez, Fernando Pablo Bertoletti, Esteban, Milioto, Pablo Julio Maldonaldo Bonsignore, Maria Alejandra Fernandez, Julie, Smith, Tim, Chimunda, Lorraine, Thompson, Teena, Maguire, Wendy, Chaboyer, Stacey, Watts, Marion, Mitchell, Madeleine, Powell, India, Lye, Leanne, Parsons, Nerilee, Baker, Claire, Reynolds, Amy, Thompson, Kristy, Masters, Kellie, Sosnowski, Lynette, Morrison, Gavin, D Leslie, Ramanathan, Lakshmanan, Alexis, Tabah, Wendy, Brown, Sharon, McDowell-Skaines, Andrea, Mclucas, Chris, Smith, Mandy, Tallot, Sarah, Jones, Michelle, Barakat-Johnson, Thomas, Leong, Rand, Butcher, Kerrie, Martin, Philipp, Douschan, Dirk von Lewinski, René, Schmutz, Uta, Kolussi, Fatema, Salman, Zainab, Ateya, Koen De Decker, Niels Van Regenmortel, Anita, Jans, Patricia, 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Gama, Juan Sebastian Hernandez, Nestor, Caicedo, Jorge, Marin, Maria-Elena, Ochoa, Monica, Gomez, José, Rojas-Suarez, Jeniffer, Gonzalez, Amylkar José Garay Reyes, Edwin, Chapeta, Estefania, Orozco, Ina, Filipović-Grčić, Anita, Vuković, Suzana, Pečenković, Aleksandar, Šuput, Gordana, Zivanovic-Posilovic, Armanda, Bozena, Nikolina, Udiljak, Morena, Milic, Renata Curic Radivojevic, Slobodan, Mihaljevic, Marijana, Matas, Dinko, Tonkovic, Hemena, Čuljak, Ivana, Herceg, Gordana, Pavlisa, Milena, Dobric, Tatjana, Beker, Višnja Nesek Adam, Tanja, Goranovic, Chrysanthos, Markoulias, Mina, Mathaios, Maria, Mylordou, Eleni, Achilleos, Pavlina, Kleanthous, Veronika, Kotanidi, Maria, Foka, Iwy, Charalabous, Anna, Alexandrou, Marios, Georgiou, Artemis, Patsalos, Sofia, Zepoy, Constantina, Constantinou, Petr, Piza, Tomas, Vymazal, Elisabeth, Wiborg, Louise, Bruhn, Karin, Kaasby, Karin Rehnholt Pedersen, Sanne, Mikkelsen, Marie, Collet, Anne, Langvad, Hanne, Andresen, Susanne, Fischer, Inger Ebbesen Kjærgård, Britta, Jepsen, Birthe, Husted, Morten, Bestle, Anne Marie Kodal, Tina Charlotte Bitsch Hansen, Anne Sofie Bomholt Pedersen, Tina Damgaar Thomsen, Anisette, Hoegenhaven, Mette, From, Tine Melgaard Frandsen, Grit, Henning, Anja, Hansen, Inger Abildgaard Bliksted, Luis Mario Tamayo, Pedro, Mogrovejo, Carolina, Palaez, Diego Rolando Morocho Tutillo, Cintia Valencia Hurtado, Maria Fernanda García, Diana, Alvarez, Fausto, Guerrero, Alexandra, Vasquez, Martin, Kütimets, Kadri, Tamme, Eneli, Anvelt, Lomangisi, Dlamini-Sserumaga, Carita, Löfqvist, Virpi, Lusenius, Outi, Kauppi, Jenni-Katarina, Sakki, Tarja, Tervo-Heikkinen, Ulla, Kesti, Merja, Merilainen, Elina, Karjula, Minna, Peltomaa, Auli, Palmu, Maarit, Ahtiala, Maija Anniina Valta, Hervé, Mentec, Gaëtan, Plantefève, Guillaume, Besch, Sébastien, Pili-Floury, Stanislas, Ledochowski, Marc Danguy des Déserts, Christophe, Giacardi, Cédric, Daubin, Audrey, Massard, Yann Le Guen, Agnès, Blanc, Simon, Mandaroux, Silvia Calvino Günther, 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Humberto, Gallegos-Perez, Nancy, Hernandez-Sanchez, Lucia, Hernandez-Ponce, Luis, Gorordo-Delsol, Marcos, Hernandez-Romero, Saira, Gomez, Fernando, Molinar, Silvio, A Ñamendys-Silva, Juan, P Romero-Gonzalez, Daira, Gonzalez, Antonio, Landaverde, Miguel Ángel Sosa, Berenice, Navarro, José Ivan Rodriguez de Molina Serrano, Sergio Reyes Iburrigarro, Alejandro, Ibarra, Joaquin, Aguirre, Mayra, Martinez-Gonzalez, Nayeli Rocio Cañas Padilla, Ana Alícia Velarde Pineda, Missael Vladimir Espinoza Villafuerte, María Ocotlan Gonzalez Herrera, Battsetseg, Baasanjav, Abdelhamid, Hachimi, Mina, Elkhayari, Tarek, Dendane, Nisha Bhandari Subedi, Sabina Dhakal Pathak, Meena, Manandhar, Laura Van Gulik, Mark Van Den Brink, Peter Van Vliet, Benjamin, Gerretsen, Lettie Van Den Berg, Marina De Haan, Binny, Tuinstra, Paul, Kuijpers, Jennifer, Reijntjens, Jan Wytze Vermeijden, Martin, Rinket, Margijske, Vanroest, Auke, Reidinga, Bert, Loef, Willem, Dieperink, Marisa, Onrust, Tom, Dormans, Laura, Bormans, Matty, Koopmans, Rik, T Gerritsen, Arlette Van Den Elst, Mirjam, Evers, Oscar, Oiting, Rob, Wilting, Bart, Ramaker, Mark van der Kuil, Jan-Willem, Fijen, Lenneke, Haas, Jasper, Haringman, Lynette, Newby, Eileen, Gilder, Danielle, Hacking, Rica, Dagooc, Rima, Song, Hansjoerg, Waibel, Frances, Dawn, Jackie, Rapley, Llesley, Chadwick, Carmel, Chapman, Petra, Crone, Jonathan, Albrett, Peter, Marko, Jennifer, Goodson, Troy, Browne, Richard, Whitticase, Cheryl, Davidson, Harriet, Judd, Daniel, Owens, Tonia, Onyeka, Innocent, Ugwu, Rose, Ilesanmi, Prisca Olabisi Adejumo, Afolabi, Owojuyigbe, Anthony, Adenekan, Stella, Uba, Christiana, Chime, Deborah, Jibrin, Babangida John Sankey, Oyebola, Adekola, Simeon, Olanipekun, Mirjana, Shosolcheva, Vanja, Gievski, Andrijan, Kartalov, Filip, Naumovski, Biljana, Kuzmanovska, Angela, Trposak, Zaneta, Bogoevska-Miteva, Rodney, Rosalia, Brita Fosser Olsen, Britt, Sjobo, Karianne Dale Jensen, Drammen, Sykehus, Birgitte Fosser Johansen, Esben, Straede, Edda, Johansen, Inger Johanne Finnstrom, Annette, Toellefsen, Hege, Ostenjo, Hege, Bjorgen, Bjorn, Bratsberg, Elin, Kristoffersen, Elin Mari Skorstad, Siri, Hansen, Sylvi, Vullum, Gro Anne Lunde, Wenche, Arntsen, Mette, Lund, Gro Ringstad Akselsen, Kristina Reinertsen Monstad, Ane, Stenset, Hanne, Haugom, Bjoern, Monsen, Lisa, Høgvall, Siw, Trudvang, Britt, Galaaen, Siv Karin Malmin, Marit Hildegunn Andersen, Rita Foss Hargott, Yvonne, Andersen, Elin, Steffenak, Marit, Nyhus, Barbro, Meland, Madiha, Hashmi, Noelia, Rivas, Elizabeth, Maidana, Alberto de Jesús Ortiz, Dolly Mabel Bordon Cabral, Marcelo, Simi, Cesar, Aponte, Juan Carlos Rivas, Sirley, Gill, Amilcar, Garcia, Gloria, Alvarenga, Laura, Cespedes, Hugo, Perez, Maria Liz Moreira, Fidelina, Canete, Roberto, Gonzalez, Natalia, Monges, Mary, Coman, Marcelo, Pederzani, Natalia, Franco, Ferdinand, Aganon, Regina, Martinez, Debbie, Noblezada-Uy, Chris Gerome Ellazar, Franklin Dean Cerezo, Jose Emmanuel Palo, Cristal April Jane Aperocho, Michael, Isanan, Marta, Tubacka, Przemyslaw, Jasiewicz, Miroslaw, Czuczwar, Michal, Borys, Aleksandra, Gutysz-Wojnicka, Lidia, Glinka, Ryszard, Gawda, Jan, Bilawicz, Paula, Cabrita, João, Vieira, Margarida Ferreira Figueiredo, Cristiana Mota Pinheiro, Nelson, Antunes, Laura, Pedro, Fatima, Ferreira, Isabel, Parente, Maria, Varela, Fatima, Fernandes, Claudia, Martins, Abel, Viveiros, Raquel, Cavaco, Clara Santa Rita, Sofia, Dias, Ana Margarida Feranandes, Pedro, Silva, Catarina, Nunes, João, Cabral, Filpe, Pires, Hilaryano, Ferreira, Jacinta, Santos, Vitor Manuel Vaz Pinto, Bruno Miguel Bispo, Amelia, Ferreira, Elena, Molinos, Estevão, Lafuente, Ricardo, Gregorio, Humberto, Costa, Ângela, Lima, Susana, Ferreira, Vanda, Seromenho, Eulália, Luis, Idália, Valerio, Helena, Cesar, Ana, Tavares, Ahmed Subhy Alsheikhly, Saeed, Mahmood, Catalin Traian Guran, Alida, Moise, Daniela Carmen Filipescu, Mihail, Luchian, Mihai, Popescu, Monica Adriana Scutariu, Cristina, Petrisor, Natalia, Hagau, Ioana, Grigoras, Tatiana, Patrichi, Vitaly, Gusarev, Alexandra, Pivkina, Vladimir, Kulakov, Olga, Ignatenko, Julia, Kovaleva, Trina, Zhivotneva, Marina, Zhedaeva, Nikita, Matiushkov, Olga, Ershova, Natalya, Egorova, Victoria, Khoronenko, Danil, Baskakov, Dmitry, Sergeev, Michael, Piradov, Liudmila, Grishina, Marat, Magomedov, Evgeniy, Zuev, Uri, Gorokhovatsky, Anna, Leonova, Liudmila, Fadeeva, Vladislav, Belskiy, Dmitriy, Galishevskiy, Nadezhda, Zubareva, Maksim, Tribulev, Oksana, Zueva, Alexander, Kiselev, Nikolaj, Kamenshchikov, Ekaterina, Tokareva, Maxim, Petrushin, Irina, Starchenko, Isaac, Nshimyumuremyi, Jerome, Muhizi, Egide, Buregeya, Josue, Nzarora, Amer, Assiri, Maie Salem Ebaid, Ghaleb, Almekhlafi, Yasser, Mandourah, Jelena, Velickovic, Dejan, Veličković, Bojan, Jovanovic, Adi, Hadzibegovic, Branislava, Stefanovic, Vanja, Misic, Vesna, Bumbasirevic, Marija, Rajković, Milena, Stojanovic, Srđan, Gavrilovic, Maja, Stanojević, Aktham, Yaghi, Anton, Turčan, Peter, Firment, Garri, Slobodianiuk, Daria, Rabarova, Danca, Lančaričová, Janko, Vlaovic, Matjaž, Groznik, Milica, Lukic, Janja, Perme, Maja, Sostaric, Nejc, Umek, Tomislav, Mirkovic, Simon, Dolenc, Misa, Fister, Nika, Zorko, Andrej, Markota, Nomhle Princess Yeni, Phumele, Jali, Shelley, Schmollgruber, Muhommed Ridwaan Syed, Nivisha, Parag, Robert, Wise, Maria, Galiana, José Alejandro Navarro, Ana María De Pablo, Patricia, Albert, Pilar, Martinez, Yolanda, Mendiara, Barbara, Garcia, Ana Alabart Llinas, Marilyn, Riveiro, Elisabet, Gallart, Alba, Riera, Miquel, Sanz, Swagotika, Salo, Miguel Angel Gimenez Lajara, Montserrat Venturas Nieto, Rosa, Garcia, José Manuel Garcia Pena, Maria Carmen Gorgolas, Maria Aranzazu Isasi, Rafael, Sierra, Federico, Gordo, Isabel, Conejo, Vicent, Salvà-Costa, Carolina, Garzón-Tovar, Sara, Lospitao, Rafael, Gonzalez, Pedro, Gutierrez, Mercè, Girona, Jordi, Adamuz, Pablo Garcia Olivares, José Peral Gutierrez de Ceballos, Celia, Tirado, Irene De Wit, Ana Belén Curto Polo, Maria Del Mar Diaz Salcedo, Javier, Ripolles-Melchor, Eugenio, Martinez-Hurtado, Jorge Duerto Alvarez, María Luisa Bravo Arcas, Juan Ignacio Torres Gonzalez, Ana Belén Sánchez de la Ventana, Pablo Lopez-Arcas Calleja, Raquel Garcia Alvarez, Purificacion Sanchez Zamora, Alvaro Ortega Guerrero, Rosario, Cosano, Jonathan, Perez-Vacas, Margarita, Campos-Perez, Emma Moreno Barreiro, Losune Cano Sanchez, Monica Garcia Diaz, Raquel, Jimenez, Lorena Del Rio Cabajo, Daniel Sancho Muriel, Helena Fernandez Alonso, Ana Wensell Fernández, Isabel Santín Piñan, Guillermo Muñiz Albaiceta, Maria Cristina Iglesias Fernandez, Francisco Javier Saenz Abos, Pablo, Monedero, Ramon Molina Chueca, Lydia Gallego Aguirre, Silvia Call Manosa, Carmen Partera Luque, Neus, Calpe, Monica Recio Losilla, Meritxell Tapia Fores, Olga, Farre, Oscar, Fernandez, M Del Rosario Villar Redondo, Donaldo, S Arteta Arteta, Maria Angeles Hurtado Sanchez, Cristina Paños Espinosa, Laura Martinez Reyes, Laura Claramunt Domenech, Carmen Velasco Guillén, Josep Trenado Alvarez, Mercedes Del Cotillo, Jesus Emilio Barrueco-Francioni, Belen Burgos Conde, Maria Pilar Sogues Blanco, Maria Luisa Blasco, Ana Isabel Clement, Clara, Hurtado, Luz Coronado Sanz, David, Perez-Torres, Estefanía, Prol-Silva, Jorge, Pereira, Iván Areán González, Anastasio Espejo Cano, Cesar Rodriguez Nuñez, Inmaculada Lorenzo Fernadez, Alejandra Azahara Marguello Fernandez, Rosa Del Bosque Diez, Badiola, Hilario, Begoña, Zalba-Etayo, Ana, Pascual-Bielsa, Preveen, Banwarie, Dick, Nahar, Alisha van Axel, Naraindath, N Boedjawan, Erika Backlund Jansson, Ann-Sofie, Malvemyr, Lotta, Johansson, Ulla, Sandberg, Catarina, Tingsvik, Gunilla, Mattsson, Gun, Löf, Martin, Spångfors, Mona, Ringdal, Sebastian, Geijer, Lotti, Orvelius, Mia, Hylen, Caroline, Lagerhäll, Eva, Åkerman, Viveca Hamback Hellkvist, Ulrica, Mickelsson, Ewa, Wahlbom, Ing-Marie, Larsson, Ewa, Wallin, Filippo, Boroli, Solenne, Ory, Margaret Lynn Jong, Alexander, Dullenkopf, Martin, Lang, Yvan, Fleury, Marianne, Maus, Nawfel, Ben-Hamouda, Anne, Fishman, Mei Yu Hsu, Shu Chuan Chang, Konlawij, Trongtratul, Chaiwut, Sawawiboon, Sunthiti, Morakul, Bodin, Khwannimit, Keevan, Singh, Dale, Ventour, Dianne, Figaro-Barclay, Sasha, Sankar-Maharaj, Mhamed Sami Mebazaa, Salma, Kamoun, Souheil, Elatrous, Lamia, Besbes, Fekri, Abroug, Walid, Naija, Youssef Zied Elhechmi, Walid, Sellami, Zied, Hajjej, Takoua, Merhabene, Imen, Talik, Ozlem Ozkan Kuscu, Ozcengiz, Dilek, Avşar, Zerman, Hayriye Cankar Dal, Sema, Turan, Semih, Aydemir, Hakan, Yilmaz, Duygu Kayar Calili, Seval, İzdes, Melike, Cengiz, Ayça, Gümüş, Banu, Taşdemir, Ali, Kağnıcı, Mustafa, Ay, Serap Avcı Ay, Gulbahar, Caliskan, Turkay, Akbas, Abidin Oner Balbay, Serdar, Efe, Volkan, Inal, Gülseren, Elay, Pınar, Karabacak, Boğaç, Özserezli, Evren, Şentürk, Oktay, Demirkiran, Suha, Bozbay, Elif, Erdogan, Mustafa, Akker, Nebia, Peker, Asu, Ozgultekin, Sibel Ocak Serin, Can, Turan, Gulsah, Karaoren, Senay, Goksu, Sait, Karakurt, Huseyin, Arikan, Fethi, Gül, İsmail, Cinel, Iskender, Kara, Hasan Nabi Undar, Yesim Serife Bayraktar, Jale Bengi Çelik, Murat Emre Tokur, Demet Tok Aydin, İsmail, Yildiz, Beysim, Özcan, Başar, Erdivanli, Ahmet, Eroglu, Devrim, Akdağ, Nurdan, Ünlü, Adonis, Dungca, Ashwaq, Ali, Bindu, Thankamma, Paul Eric Reyes, Sini, John, Ajitha, Rajendran, Fatima Kasem El Ahmad, Kathleen Ann Smiley, Susanna, Hojden, Mia Thorning Miller, Vishnu Das Sasidharan Nair, Maria Gracia San Antonio, Khaled Al Qawasmeh, Sabah Abu Shawish, Hilary, Twiggs, Ines, Rosado, Volodymyr, Babych, Faye, Morren, Charlotte, Young, Nicola, Vaughan-Jones, Stephanie, Harris, Karen, Burns, Carmel, Georgiev, Rosina, Shayamano, Ian, Kerslake, Peter, Creber, Ana, Vochin, Catherine, O'Brien, Paul, Caddell, Samantha, Hagan, Mandy, Hughes, Tomasz, Torlinski, James, Sherwin, Santhana, Kannan, Amber, Markham, Richard, Lebon, Jason, Cupitt, Julius, Cranshaw, Nigel, White, Victoria, Marriott, Wendy, Milner, Casiano Barrera Groba, Joao, Azoia, Petra, Polgarova, Shaly, George, Ritoo, Kapoor, Ceri, Lynch, Nathalie, Fox, Karen, Cranmer, Natalie, Fox, Thomas, Llewellym, Kelly, Matthews, Louise, Maltby, Jowena, Ibao, Karen, Boulton, Rachel, Jarman, Karen, Baxter, Ashok Sundai Raj, Arif, Moghal, Joanne, White, Suzanne, Barrowcliffe, Mark, Pulletz, Vaarisan, Ganeshalingam, Rosaleen, Baruah, Carole, Boulanger, Helen, Baker, Justin, Woods, Poe Poe Ei, Vongayi, Ogbeide, Paul, Hayden, Jennifer, Hughes, Madhu, Balasubramanian, Armorel, Salberg, Rajnish, Saha, Dagmar, Holmquist, Claire, Derbyshire, Neil, Smith, Elizabeth, Stones, Jane, Ademokun, Monica, Popescu, Maria Schofield Legorburo, Samantha, North, Carole, Brett, Helen, Jaundoo, Jayne, Craig, Simon, Whiteley, Clare, Howcroft, Liz, Wilby, Peter, Delve, David, Shaw, Karen, Williams, Ingeborg, D Welters, Jane, Mcmullen, Stephen, Brett, Leah, Flores, Treiza, Trueman-Dawkins, Mae, Templeton, John, Adams, Catherine, Smith, John, Prowle, Heather, Byers, Andrea, Mcdonnell, Bernd Oliver Rose, Rosie, Reece-Anthony, Luis, Mendes, Marcela, Vizcaychipi, Rhian, Bull, Grace, Lacaden, Eleanor, Santiago, Carlos Castro Delgado, Sarah, Farnell-Ward, Elaine, Thorpe, Justine, Somerville, Anne, Williams, Donna, Cummings, Helen, Derrick, Sarah, Brumwell, Claire, Randell, Nicola, Mccann, Emma, Aves, Gillian, Berry, Tamas, Szakmany, Una, Gunter, Paul, Pulak, Nikki, Sarkar, Kerry, Wright, Vitor, Gomes, Jones, Jo, Ruth, Palfrey, Julie, Camsooksai, Abby, Lewis, Antony, Eneas, Ascanio, Tridente, Louise, Barr, Beverley, Thomas, Emma, Parkin, Daniel, Horner, Christian, Frey, Suzanne, Bench, Rachel, Baumber, Phil, Broadhurst, Matthew, Jackson, Lynne, Williams, Michele, Clark, Jonathan, Paddle, Sarah, Bean, Sarah, Buckley, Christopher, Palfreeman, Sophie, Liu, Nicola, Allison, Ben, Attwood, Penny, Parsons, Victoria, Houghton, Sarah Jane Turner, David, Higgins, Egidija, Bielskute, Nicola, Horrigan, Reni, Jacob, Karen, Habgood, Ahmed, Zaki, Amy, Collins, Jenny, Lord, Charalice, Ramiro, Agnieszka, 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European Society of Intensive Care Medicine (ESICM) Trials Group Collaborators, Muzha, D., Ribas, A.M., Lipovesty, F., Loudet, C., Coyer, F., Eller, P., Mostafa, N., Honoré, P.M., Telleria, V.M., Smajic, J., Nogueira, P.C., Nafees, KMK, Hentchoya, R., Rose, L., Soledad, J., Lin, F., Cardenas, Y., Reyes, A.G., Sustic, A., Mpouzika, M., Vymazal, T., Jensen, H.I., Aguirre-Bermeo, H., Maddison, L., Valta, M., Calvino-Gunther, S., Bloos, F., Adipa, F.E., Koulouras, V., Enamorado, J., Ágoston, Z., Birgisdóttir, H., Gupta, A., Gurjar, M., Kilapong, B., Hashemian, S.M., Martin-Loeches, I., Benbenishty, J., Cortegiani, A., Fletcher, K., Hayashi, Y., Waweru-Siika, W., Abidi, K., Lee, S.M., Hadri, B., Dolgusevs, M., Abillama, F.F., Jovaisa, T., Thix, C., Elhadi, M., Nor, B.M., Ratnam, S., Mazlan, M.Z., Maiyalagan, S., Sánchez-Hurtado, L., Belii, A., Naranpurev, M., Gautam, P., De Lange, D., Parke, R., Ilesanmi, R.E., Shosholcheva, M., Petosic, A., Lind, R., Ffarcsi, M.H., Bogarin, J., Hernandez, 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A.S., Goller, S., Afonso, E., Larina, E., Labeau, Sonia O. [0000-0003-3863-612X], Afonso, Elsa [0000-0003-0873-0852], Benbenishty, Julie [0000-0002-8488-9649], Blackwood, Bronagh [0000-0002-4583-5381], Boulanger, Carole [0000-0002-1392-6633], Brett, Stephen J. [0000-0003-4545-8413], Calvino-Gunther, Silvia [0000-0003-3586-7205], Chaboyer, Wendy [0000-0001-9528-7814], Coyer, Fiona [0000-0002-8467-0081], Deschepper, Mieke [0000-0001-6797-3147], Honore, Patrick M. [0000-0002-6697-4890], Jankovic, Radmilo [0000-0003-0742-8686], Khanna, Ashish K. [0000-0002-9083-891X], Llaurado-Serra, Mireia [0000-0002-5123-0581], Lin, Frances [0000-0001-8735-5469], Rose, Louise [0000-0003-1700-3972], Rubulotta, Francesca [0000-0001-8644-1728], Saager, Leif [0000-0003-3416-4727], Williams, Ged [0000-0002-7481-2445], Blot, Stijn I. [0000-0003-2145-0345], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, Critical Care, Labeau S.O., Afonso E., Benbenishty J., Blackwood B., Boulanger C., Brett S.J., Calvino-Gunther S., Chaboyer W., Coyer F., Deschepper M., Francois G., Honore P.M., Jankovic R., Khanna A.K., Llaurado-Serra M., Lin F., Rose L., Rubulotta F., Saager L., Williams G., Blot S.I., Muzha D., Ribas A.M., Lipovesty F., Loudet C., Eller P., Mostafa N., Telleria V.M., Smajic J., Nogueira P.C., Nafees K.M.K., Hentchoya R., Soledad J., Cardenas Y., Reyes A.G., Sustic A., Mpouzika M., Vymazal T., Jensen H.I., Aguirre-Bermeo H., Maddison L., Valta M., Bloos F., Adipa F.E., Koulouras V., Enamorado J., Agoston Z., Birgisdottir H., Gupta A., Gurjar M., Kilapong B., Hashemian S.M., Martin-Loeches I., Cortegiani A., Fletcher K., Hayashi Y., Waweru-Siika W., Abidi K., Lee S.-M., Hadri B., Dolgusevs M., Abillama F.F., Jovaisa T., Thix C., Elhadi M., Nor B.M., Ratnam S., Mazlan M.Z., Maiyalagan S., Sanchez-Hurtado L., Belii A., 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Bielskute E., Horrigan N., Jacob R., Habgood K., Zaki A., Collins A., Lord J., Ramiro C., Kubisz-Pudelko A., Kotze M., Williams H., Iovenko I., Tsarev A., Briva A., Mendez G., Napolitano L., Teig M., Rodriguez G.E., Ben-Jacob T., Potestio C., Eng T., Mahanes D., Khanna A., Duggal A., Nananmori M., Lois M., Karamchandani K., Bealer C., Barefield C., Terry D., Fivecoat P., Idowu O., Cata J., Clesi T., Peterson J., Hatton K., Dhaliwal J., Mueller D., Tao J., Eltorai A.S., Pastores S.M., Remor N., Salazar J., Barkas D., Joffe A., Barnes C., Sona C., Schallom M., Short J., Lorenzo J., Von Der Osten I., Borkowska M., Demarre L., Pleitinckx V., Xing C., Debue A.-S., Goller S., Larina E., Labeau, S. O., Blackwood, B., Brett, S. J., Deschepper, M., Francois, G., Honore, P. M., Khanna, A. K., Williams, G., Blot, S. I., Ribas, A. M., Telleria, V. M., Nogueira, P. C., Nafees, K. M. K., Reyes, A. G., Jensen, H. I., Adipa, F. E., Agoston, Z., Hashemian, S. M., Lee, S. -M., Abillama, F. F., Nor, B. M., Mazlan, M. Z., Sanchez-Hurtado, L., De lange, D., Ilesanmi, R. E., Ffarcsi, M. H., Hernandez, A. M., Schefold, J. C., Besbes, L. O., Minope, J. T. S., Rostello, O. F., Bartoli, J. R., Nocheretti, M. G., Escalante, R. G., Loudet, C. I., Gonzalez, A. L., Alvarez, G. A., Campos, P. A., Fonseca, I. P., Alvarez, G. M., Bascary, C. A., del Valle Gimenez, G., Bertoletti, F. P., Bonsignore, P. J. M., Fernandez, M. A., Leslie, G. D., Mclucas, A., Jacquet, L. -M., de Almeida, A. O., Jorge, S. A., Schmidt, R. C., Garcia, P. C., Ronchini, A. L. V., Manap, N. B. A., Laizner, A. M., Mcquirter, M., Kampayana, B. S., Sepulveda, M. I., Zamorano, M. J. F., Zhao, R. H., Hu, L. P., Jiao, Q. F., Wang, H. Y., Xia, C. J., Insu, L., Zhu, J. Y., Zhu, J. F., Huang, R. F., Wang, L. L., Song, J. H., Liu, X. M., Li, Z. S., Li, L. C., Zeng, J. M., Hu, X. C., Wang, R. X., Tak, P. S., Ho, S. W., Jiang, Q. X., Huang, L. P., Liu, X. L., Jiang, J. H., Gong, Y. Y., Lei, D. H., Bi, A. P., Zhao, H. M., Cao, Z. Q., Wu, S. F., Tian, X. F., Feng, Z. X., Liu, X. Z., Jiang, Z. X., Wang, G. X., Hu, R. L., Li, X. Q., Yu, Z. J., Yang, Y. X., Gama, L. M. S., Hernandez, J. S., Ochoa, M. -E., Reyes, A. J. G., Filipovic-Grcic, I., Vukovic, A., Pecenkovic, S., Suput, A., Radivojevic, R. C., Culjak, H., Adam, V. N., Pedersen, K. R., Kjaergard, I. E., Kodal, A. M., Hansen, T. C. B., Pedersen, A. S. B., Thomsen, T. D., Frandsen, T. M., Bliksted, I. A., Tamayo, L. M., Tutillo, D. R. M., Hurtado, C. V., Garcia, M. F., Kutimets, M., Lofqvist, C., Sakki, J. -K., Valta, M. A., Plantefeve, G., Deserts, M. D., Gunther, S. C., Timsit, J. -F., Farkas, J. -C., Bosl, K., Schuppel, S., Stubner, A., Osei, I. P., Kusi-Appiah, A. -C., Yakubu, Y. H., Patsiou, E. -C., Stalika, K. M. M., Enamorado, J. E., Jonasdottir, R. J., Lestari, M. I., Finn, D. O. C. R., Mcpherson, S., Ghioldi, D. M., Bruno, A. V., Maggiore, S. M., Volta, C. A., Taibi, M. R., Tranello, F. P., Giusti, G. D., Martin, M. A., Correia, M. C., Kim, J. H., Kim, K. C., Bae, J. -M., Park, S. Y., Park, T. S., Lee, H. B., Kim, S. C., Chee, H. K., Huh, J. W., Sim, Y. S., Ahn, J. -J., Kang, B. J., Lee, W. -Y., Lee, S. J., Feghaly, M. E., Belkhair, W. A., Tababa, O. W. E., Alkhumsi, S. I. R., Alshrif, A. I., Aboufray, A. A., Triki, A. R., Zahra, H. B., Al-Alawi, M. M. S., Ghula, M. A. A., Bahrin, L. K. K., Deva, S. R., Rahim, A. H. A., Hassan, W. N. W., Ismail, W. N. W., Ali, M. N., Khoo, T. M., Samat, N. M., Tong, J. M. G., Adib, N. A. N., Nor, M. B. M., Sulaiman, S. R., Foong, K. W., Hua, N. P., Zermeno, J. M., Nava, C. L. L., Nandyelly, S. J. R., Sanchez-Hurtado, L. A., Nava, L. P. A., Herrera, J. G., de Anda, G. F. V., Namendys-Silva, S. A., Romero-Gonzalez, J. P., Sosa, M. A., de Molina Serrano, J. I. R., Iburrigarro, S. R., Padilla, N. R. C., Pineda, A. A. V., Villafuerte, M. V. E., Herrera, M. O. G., Subedi, N. B., Pathak, S. D., Vermeijden, J. W., Gerritsen, R. T., Fijen, J. -W., Adejumo, P. O., Sankey, B. J., Olsen, B. F., Jensen, K. D., Johansen, B. F., Finnstrom, I. J., Skorstad, E. M., Lunde, G. A., Akselsen, G. R., Monstad, K. R., Hogvall, L., Malmin, S. K., Andersen, M. H., Hargott, R. F., de Jesus Ortiz, A., Cabral, D. M. B., Rivas, J. C., Moreira, M. L., Ellazar, C. G., Cerezo, F. D., Palo, J. E., Aperocho, C. A. J., Figueiredo, M. F., Pinheiro, C. M., Rita, C. S., Feranandes, A. M., Pinto, V. M. V., Bispo, B. M., Lima, A., Alsheikhly, A. S., Guran, C. T., Filipescu, D. C., Scutariu, M. A., Ebaid, M. S., Velickovic, D., Rajkovic, M., Stanojevic, M., Turcan, A., Lancaricova, D., Yeni, N. P., Syed, M. R., Navarro, J. A., De Pablo, A. M., Llinas, A. A., Lajara, M. A. G., Nieto, M. V., Pena, J. M. G., Gorgolas, M. C., Isasi, M. A., Salva-Costa, V., Garzon-Tovar, C., Olivares, P. G., de Ceballos, J. P. G., Polo, A. B. C., del Mar Diaz Salcedo, M., Alvarez, J. D., Arcas, M. L. B., Gonzalez, J. I. T., de la Ventana, A. B. S., Calleja, P. L. -A., Alvarez, R. G., Zamora, P. S., Guerrero, A. O., Barreiro, E. M., Sanchez, L. C., Diaz, M. G., Muriel, D. S., Alonso, H. F., Fernandez, A. W., Pinan, I. S., Albaiceta, G. M., Fernandez, M. C. I., Abos, F. J. S., Chueca, R. M., Aguirre, L. G., Manosa, S. C., Luque, C. P., Losilla, M. R., Fores, M. T., del Rosario Villar Redondo, M., Arteta Arteta, D. S., Sanchez, M. A. H., Espinosa, C. P., Reyes, L. M., Domenech, L. C., Guillen, C. V., Alvarez, J. T., del Cotillo, M., Barrueco-Francioni, J. E., Conde, B. B., Blanco, M. P. S., Blasco, M. L., Clement, A. I., Sanz, L. C., Gonzalez, I. A., Cano, A. E., Nunez, C. R., Fernadez, I. L., Fernandez, A. A. M., Boedjawan, N. N., Jansson, E. B., Malvemyr, A. -S., Lof, G., Spangfors, M., Lagerhall, C., Akerman, E., Hellkvist, V. H., Larsson, I. -M., Jong, M. L., Hsu, M. Y., Chang, S. C., Mebazaa, M. S., Elhechmi, Y. Z., Kuscu, O. O., Dal, H. C., Calili, D. K., Izdes, S., Gumus, A., Tasdemir, B., Kagnici, A., Ay, S. A., Balbay, A. O., Ozserezli, B., Senturk, E., Serin, S. O., Gul, F., Cinel, I., Undar, H. N., Bayraktar, Y. S., Celik, J. B., Tokur, M. E., Aydin, D. T., Yildiz, I., Ozcan, B., Akdag, D., Unlu, N., Reyes, P. E., Ahmad, F. K. E., Smiley, K. A., Miller, M. T., Antonio, M. G. S., Qawasmeh, K. A., Shawish, S. A., Groba, C. B., Raj, A. S., Ei, P. P., Legorburo, M. S., Welters, I. D., Mcmullen, J., Mcdonnell, A., Rose, B. O., Delgado, C. C., Mccann, N., Turner, S. J., Rodriguez, G. E., Eltorai, A. S., Pastores, S. M., Demarre, L., and Debue, A. -S.
Subjects: Male, Original, medicine.medical_treatment, artificial, Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine, Medical and Health Sciences, Pressure ulcer, law.invention, Decubitus epidemiology, ICU, Morbidity, Mortality, Outcome, Pressure injury, Risk factors, Adult, Aged, Hospital Mortality, Humans, Patient Discharge, Prevalence, Risk Factors, Intensive Care Units, Respiration, Artificial, 0302 clinical medicine, decubitus epidemiology, pressure injury, pressure ulcer, outcome, risk factors, morbidity, mortality, law, Medicine and Health Sciences, adults, Medicine, Simplified Acute Physiology Score, icu, ziekenhuissterfte, Immunodeficiency, intensive care, European Society of Intensive Care Medicine (ESICM) Trials Group Collaborators, mannen, volwassenen, COST, Intensive care unit, STATE, ULCERS, Underweight, medicine.symptom, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Human, medicine.medical_specialty, risicofactoren, Decubitus epidemiology, ICU, Pressure injury, Pressure ulcer, Outcome, Risk factors, Morbidity, Mortality, pressure injuries, Intensive Care Unit, prevalentie, NO, 1117 Public Health and Health Services, DecubICUs Study Team, 03 medical and health sciences, Critical Care Medicine, Anesthesiology, General & Internal Medicine, Health Sciences, ouderen, Mechanical ventilation, Science & Technology, business.industry, decubitus, Risk Factor, 030208 emergency & critical care medicine, 1103 Clinical Sciences, Odds ratio, medicine.disease, Emergency & Critical Care Medicine, Confidence interval, 030228 respiratory system, Emergency medicine, kunstmatige ademhaling, RISK-FACTORS, business, respiration
Abstract: Funder: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013347, Funder: Flemish Society for Critical Care Nurses, Purpose: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are particularly susceptible to developing pressure injuries. Epidemiologic data is however unavailable. We aimed to provide an international picture of the extent of pressure injuries and factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries in adult ICU patients. Methods: International 1-day point-prevalence study; follow-up for outcome assessment until hospital discharge (maximum 12 weeks). Factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injury and hospital mortality were assessed by generalised linear mixed-effects regression analysis. Results: Data from 13,254 patients in 1117 ICUs (90 countries) revealed 6747 pressure injuries; 3997 (59.2%) were ICU-acquired. Overall prevalence was 26.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.9–27.3). ICU-acquired prevalence was 16.2% (95% CI 15.6–16.8). Sacrum (37%) and heels (19.5%) were most affected. Factors independently associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries were older age, male sex, being underweight, emergency surgery, higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Braden score < 19, ICU stay > 3 days, comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunodeficiency), organ support (renal replacement, mechanical ventilation on ICU admission), and being in a low or lower-middle income-economy. Gradually increasing associations with mortality were identified for increasing severity of pressure injury: stage I (odds ratio [OR] 1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8), stage II (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.9), and stage III or worse (OR 2.8; 95% CI 2.3–3.3). Conclusion: Pressure injuries are common in adult ICU patients. ICU-acquired pressure injuries are associated with mainly intrinsic factors and mortality. Optimal care standards, increased awareness, appropriate resource allocation, and further research into optimal prevention are pivotal to tackle this important patient safety threat.
Published: 2021
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48. USGS CEOS Analysis Ready Data for Land Achievements and Future Plans

Author: Andreia Siqueira, Christopher Barnes, and Steven Labahn
Subjects: Subject-matter expert, Data products, business.industry, Interoperability, Environmental monitoring, Environmental resource management, Agency (sociology), Geological survey, Space (commercial competition), business, Reflectivity
Abstract: The efforts of the Committee on Earth Observation Satellites (CEOS) to bring CEOS Analysis Ready Data for Land (CARD4L) products to countries and international organizations quickly and easily continues to receive important support from the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). As part of its engagement with CARD4L, the USGS worked to address specific Threshold and Target Product Family Specification (PFS) requirements for its Landsat Collection 2 Level-2 science products and in July 2020, received formal CEOS endorsement for 100 percent CARD4L-compliance at the Threshold level for Collection 2 surface reflectance and surface temperature. This endorsement ensures these products meet a level of interoperability with data from other Earth-observing platforms, such as Europe's Sentinel-2 satellites, as the European Space Agency also works toward CARD4L-compliant products. In addition to the Collection 2 Level-2 land surface data products, the USGS recognizes Landsat's potential to make a valuable contribution to aquatic science and environmental monitoring capabilities for aquatic ecosystems, especially in coastal and inland waters. Working with subject matter experts, the USGS has been coordinating an international agency effort to establish a new CARD4L PFS for aquatic reflectance to be considered for CEOS endorsement in 2021.
Published: 2021

49. Evaluation of a Compassionate Mind Training Intervention with School Teachers and Support Staff

Author: Hajra Ashra, Jane Montague, Frances A. Maratos, David Sheffield, Wendy Wood, Paul Gilbert, Christopher Barnes, and Mary Welford
Subjects: 050103 clinical psychology, Medical education, medicine.medical_specialty, Health (social science), Mindfulness, Social Psychology, Public health, Training intervention, media_common.quotation_subject, 05 social sciences, Professional development, Experimental and Cognitive Psychology, 050105 experimental psychology, Developmental and Educational Psychology, medicine, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Quality (business), Psychological resilience, Psychology, Set (psychology), Curriculum, Applied Psychology, media_common
Abstract: Teacher retention is a key issue facing schools, with stress, student behavior, current competitive policies, and practices resulting in many leaving within the first 5 years of qualification. Consequently, recent in-school research initiatives have focused on resilience training, although the quality of such conducted studies is debated. Drawn from compassion-focused therapy (CFT), this study set out to explore a six-module compassionate mind training (CMT) program with school staff to improve well-being. As part of their continued professional development, over 70 teachers and support staff took part in the CMT, with a mixed-measures AAB quantitative and qualitative design employed. This enabled us to explore both implementation effectiveness and outcome effectiveness in terms of parameters of well-being. The initiative was well received with the majority of staff reporting positively on their experiences of the curriculum and practices. Additionally, exercise practice was associated with significant increases in self-compassion (p < 0.01) and significant decreases in self-criticism (p < 0.05). Thematic analyses further revealed benefits of CMT for dealing with emotional difficulties. As a feasibility study, our results demonstrate many benefits of CMT in educational settings. CMT may hold promise as a way of helping those in education counteract the current competition-based nature of education, especially that which contributes to negative changes in well-being. Given this, future research should employ a control group design, a larger sample size, and a range of well-being measures at follow-up, to fully evaluate the utility of CMT in educational settings.
Published: 2019

50. The development of categorization in early childhood: a review

Author: Christopher Barnes and Kay Owen
Subjects: Early childhood education, Social Psychology, education, 05 social sciences, 050301 education, Semantics, Language acquisition, Pediatrics, Child development, body regions, stomatognathic system, Categorization, Developmental and Educational Psychology, Cognitive development, Semantic memory, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Early childhood, Psychology, 0503 education, 050104 developmental & child psychology, Cognitive psychology
Abstract: Despite receiving scant attention, the evolution of categorization in early childhood is of central importance, not only in clarifying the child’s understanding of the world but in terms of...
Published: 2019

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