Author: "Christo Venter" - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

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166 results on '"Christo Venter"'

1. Simultaneous Spectral and Spatial Modelling of Young Pulsar Wind Nebulae

Author: van Rensburg, Carlo and Kruger, Christo Venter P. Paulus
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: We model the morphology and spectrum of a pulsar wind nebula using a leptonic emission code. This code is a time-dependent, multi-zone model that investigates the changes in the particle spectrum as they traverse the nebula. We calculate the synchrotron and inverse Compton emissivities at different positions in the nebula, obtaining the surface brightness versus the radius, and also the size of the nebula as a function of energy. We incorporate a time and spatially-dependent $B$-field, spatially-dependent bulk particle speed implying convection and adiabatic losses, diffusion, as well as radiative losses. We calibrate our new model using two independent models. We then apply the model to PWN G0.9+0.1 and show that simultaneously fitting the spectral energy distribution and the energy-dependent source size may lead to constraints on several model parameters pertaining to the spatial properties of the PWN., Comment: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1803.10625
Published: 2018

2. Probing the High-energy Gamma-Ray Emission Mechanism in the Vela Pulsar via Phase-resolved Spectral and Energy-dependent Light-curve Modeling

Author: Monica Barnard, Christo Venter, Alice K. Harding, Constantinos Kalapotharakos, and Tyrel J. Johnson
Subjects: Instrumentation And Photography
Abstract: Recent kinetic simulations sparked a debate regarding the emission mechanism responsible for pulsed GeV γ-ray emission from pulsars. Some models invoke curvature radiation, while other models assume synchrotron radiation in the current sheet. We interpret the curved spectrum of the Vela pulsar as seen by H.E.S.S. II (up to ∼100 GeV) and the Fermi Large Area Telescope to be the result of curvature radiation due to primary particles in the pulsar magnetosphere and current sheet. We present phase-resolved spectra and energy-dependent light curves using an extended slot gap and current-sheet model, invoking a step function for the accelerating electric field as motivated by kinetic simulations. We include a refined calculation of the curvature radius of particle trajectories in the lab frame, impacting the particle transport, predicted light curves, and spectra. Our model reproduces the decrease of the flux of the first peak relative to the second one, evolution of the bridge emission, near-constant phase positions of peaks, and narrowing of pulses with increasing energy. We can explain the first of these trends because we find that the curvature radii of the particle trajectories in regions where the second γ-ray light-curve peak originates are systematically larger than those associated with the first peak, implying that the spectral cutoff of the second peak is correspondingly larger. However, an unknown azimuthal dependence of the E field, as well as uncertainty in the precise spatial origin of the GeV emission, precludes a simplistic discrimination of emission mechanisms.
Published: 2022
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3. Very-high-energy Emission from Pulsars

Author: Alice K. Harding, Christo Venter, and Konstantinos Kalapotharakos
Subjects: Astrophysics
Abstract: Air-Cherenkov telescopes have detected pulsations at energies above 50 GeV from a growing number of Fermi pulsars. These include the Crab, Vela, PSR B1706−44, and Geminga, with the first two having pulsed detections above 1 TeV. In some cases, there appears to be very-high-energy (VHE) emission that is an extension of the Fermi spectra to high energies, while in other cases, additional higher-energy spectral components that require a separate emission mechanism may be present. We present results of broadband spectral modeling using global magnetospheric fields and multiple emission mechanisms that include synchro-curvature (SC) and inverse Compton scattered (ICS) radiation from accelerated particles (primaries) and synchrotron self-Compton (SSC) emission from lower-energy pairs. Our models predict three distinct VHE components: SC from primaries whose high-energy tail can extend to 100 GeV, SSC from pairs that can extend to several TeV, and ICS from primary particles accelerated in the current sheet that scatter pair synchrotron radiation, which appears beyond 10 TeV. Our models suggest that H.E.S.S.-II and MAGIC have detected the high-energy tail of the primary SC component that produces the Fermi spectrum in Vela, Geminga, and PSR B1706−44. We argue that the ICS component peaking above 10 TeV from Vela has been seen by H.E.S.S. Detection of this emission component from the Crab and other pulsars is possible with the High Altitude Water Cherenkov Observatory and Cherenkov Telescope Array, and will directly measure the maximum particle energy in pulsars.
Published: 2021
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4. A NICER View of Spectral and Profile Evolution for Three X-ray-Emitting Millisecond Pulsars

Author: Dominick M Rowan, Zaynab Ghazi, Lauren Lugo, Elizabeth Spano, Andrea Lommen, Alice Harding, Christo Venter, Renee Ludlam, Paul S Ray, Matthew Kerr, Zaven Arzoumanian, Slavko Bogdanov, Julia Deneva, Sebastien Guillot, Natalia Lewandowska, Craig B Markwardt, Scott Ransom, Teruaki Enoto, Kent S Wood, and Keith C Gendreau
Subjects: Astrophysics
Abstract: We present two years of Neutron star Interior Composition Explorer (NICER) X-ray observations of three energetic rotation-powered millisecond pulsars (MSPs): PSRs B1937+21, B1821−24, and J0218+4232. We fit Gaussians and Lorentzians to the pulse profiles for different energy sub-bands of the soft X-ray regime to measure the energy dependence of pulse separation and width. We find that the separation between pulse components of PSR J0218+4232 decreases with increasing energy at >3σ confidence. The 95% upper limit on pulse separation evolution for PSRs B1937+21 and B1821−24 is less than 2 milliperiods per keV. Our phase-resolved spectral results provide updated constraints on the non-thermal X-ray emission of these three pulsars. The photon indices of the modeled X-ray emission spectra for each pulse component of PSR B1937+21 are inconsistent with each other at the 90% confidence level, suggesting different emission origins for each pulse. We find that the PSR B1821−24 and PSR J0218+4232 emission spectra are invariant with phase at the 90% confidence level. We describe the implications of our profile and spectral results in the context of equatorial current sheet emission models for these three MSPs with non-thermal, magnetospheric X-ray emission.
Published: 2020
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5. Probing the non-thermal emission geometry of AR Sco via optical phase-resolved polarimetry

Author: Louis du Plessis, Christo Venter, Zorawar Wadiasingh, Alice K Harding, David A H Buckley, Stephen B Potter, and P J Meintjes
Subjects: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: AR Sco is a binary system that contains a white and red dwarf. The rotation rate of the white dwarf has been observed to slow down, analogous to rotation-powered radio pulsars; it has thus been dubbed a "white dwarf pulsar". We previously fit the traditional radio pulsar rotating vector model to the linearly polarised optical data from this source, constraining the system geometry as well as the white dwarf mass. Using a much more extensive dataset, we now explore the application of the same model to binary phase-resolved optical polarimetric data, thought to be the result of non-thermal synchrotron radiation, and derive the magnetic inclination angle $\alpha$ and the observer angle $\zeta$ at different orbital phases. We obtain a $\sim 10^{\circ}$ variation in $\alpha$ and $\sim 30^{\circ}$ variation in $\zeta$ over the orbital period. The variation patterns in these two parameters is robust, regardless of the binning and epoch of data used. We speculate that the observer is detecting radiation from an asymmetric emission region that is a stable structure over several orbital periods. The success of this simple model lastly implies that the pitch angles of the particles are small and the pulsed, non-thermal emission originates relatively close to the white dwarf surface., Comment: 13 pages, 14 figures, accepted by MNRAS
Published: 2021

6. Scaling Up Innovative Participatory Design for Public Transportation Planning: Lessons from Experiments in the Global South

Author: Cristian Navas, Christo Venter, Christopher Zegras, Juan Antonio Carrasco, Erik Vergel-Tovar, and Jonathan Leape
Subjects: 050210 logistics & transportation, Transportation planning, Engineering, Emerging technologies, business.industry, Mechanical Engineering, 05 social sciences, 0211 other engineering and technologies, Global South, 021107 urban & regional planning, 02 engineering and technology, Engineering management, Software deployment, Public transport, Mapping system, Participatory design, 0502 economics and business, business, Civil and Structural Engineering
Abstract: New data, new technologies, and greater computational power are changing the possibilities for involving stakeholders in transportation planning. This article explores these possibilities by comparing deployments of an interactive web-based public transportation mapping system in four cities of the Global South. Structured workshops focused on different public transportation improvement projects and involved different types of stakeholders. Despite the differences across the workshops, they allow for some comparison of the effects. In relation to the technology itself, participants broadly agreed about its usefulness and usability. Pre-/post-workshop surveys suggest that participants learned about the transportation projects presented but reveal modest evidence in relation to other impacts, such as learning about the concept of accessibility, and gaining an appreciation for the potential broader urban system impacts of public transport projects. Knowledge among the participants tended to converge, and the tool helped promote dialog among participants and generated some empathy for others. The workshop experiences provide some hope for such tools in enhancing public transportation planning processes, globally, but “scaling up” the technology would need to overcome institutional, technical, and procedural challenges.
Published: 2020

7. Detection of extended TeV emission around the Geminga pulsar with H.E.S.S

Author: Michael Punch, Christo Venter, Christian Stegmann, Stefan Wagner, Andreas Zech, Yasunobu Uchiyama, M. Hörbe, L. Mohrmann, Hassan Abdalla, Albert Seyffert, Michael Backes, Laenita Lorraine Oberholzer, Dieter Horns, K. Nakashima, Tim Holch, K. Bernloehr, Naomi Tsuji, Heinrich J. Völk, Regis Terrier, Carlo Romoli, Gerard Fontaine, Tadayuki Takahashi, M. Fuessling, Hester Schutte, S. Steinmassl, Samuel Timothy Spencer, Sami Caroff, Victor Doroshenko, Frank M. Rieger, Clemens Hoischen, A. A. Zdziarski, P. T. O'Brien, Markus Holler, Q. Remy, Felix Jankowsky, Hannah Dalgleish, German Hermann, Paul Morris, Anne Lemiere, E. Kasai, Louis Du Plessis, Johann van der Walt, Martin Tluczykont, Dan Parsons, Anna Barnacka, D. Malyshev, Nukri Komin, Tom Armstrong, Felix Aharonian, Gilles Maurin, J. F. Glicenstein, David Sanchez, Krzysztof Katarzynski, Victor Barbosa Martins, Ira Jung, C. Arcaro, Sebastian Panny, Gianluca Giavitto, Angel Noel, Bruno Khelifi, Alison Mitchell, Santiago Pita, Werner Hofmann, Gašper Kukec Mezek, Atreyee Sinha, Emma Ona-Wilhelmi, Jonathan Mackey, Carlo van Rensburg, Gerd Puehlhofer, Lei Sun, Laura Olivera-Nieto, Hambeleleni Ndiyavala, Floriane Cangemi, A. Yusafzai, C. Levy, Alexandre Marcowith, Felix Werner, Thomas Lohse, Hend Yassin, Anton Dmytriiev, Manuel Meyer, Arnaud Mares, Manami Sasaki, Mathieu Naurois, Catherine Boisson, Jhilik Majumdar, N. Zywucka, Sumari Hattingh, Takaaki Tanaka, Gavin Rowell, Hector Rueda Ricarte, Mathieu Bony, Oguzhan Anguener, C. Moore, Riaan Steenkamp, Richard White, Kirsty Feijen, Heike Prokoph, Thomas Bylund, Rowan Batzofin, Andreas Zmija, Dorit Glawion, Samuel Zouari, Tomasz Bulik, Robert Brose, Andrea Santangelo, Jacco Vink, Michal Ostrowski, Anna Luashvili, Jacques Muller, Malgorzata Curlo, Marion Spir-Jacob, M. Lemoine-Goumard, Lente Dreyer, David Huber, J.-P. Lenain, Matthieu Renaud, Amid Nayerhoda, Hugh Spackman, Michael Kreter, Justine Devin, Sabrina Casanova, Anu Kundu, Stefan Klepser, V. Sahakian, G. Peron, Alessandro Montanari, Garret Cotter, Vikas Joshi, Zhiqiu Huang, T. Chand, Lott Frans, D. A. Prokhorov, K. Kosack, Sylvia Zhu, P. J. Meintjes, David Berge, Yves Gallant, Lukasz Stawarz, Stefan Ohm, Halim Ashkar, Fabian Leuschner, Jason John Watson, Davit Zargaryan, Arache Djannati-Ataï, Johannes Schaefer, S. J. Fegan, Andreas Quirrenbach, Gaëtan Fichet de Clairfontaine, Axel Donath, A. W. Chen, Stefan Funk, Alicja Wierzcholska, Guillem Marti'i-Devesa, P. Reichherzer, V. Poireau, Jimmy N.S. Shapopi, Jaqueline Catalano, Stefano Gabici, Ramin Marx, M. Panter, Michael Zacharias, Jim Hinton, Jean-Pierre Ernenwein, U. Katz, G. Lamanna, R. Konno, Isak Delberth Davids, Fabian Schüssler, A. Fiasson, Sabrina Einecke, Iryna Lypova, S. Sailer, Dmitry Khangulyan, Charles Thorpe-Morgan, Roberta Zanin, Emmanuel Moulin, Andrew Taylor, B. Rudak, Kathrin Egberts, Johannes Veh, J. Bolmont, Faical Ait-Benkhali, Kleopas Shiningayamwe, Jacek Niemiec, G. Vasileiadis, Monica Barnard, Yvonne Becherini, Denys Malyshev, Maria Haupt, Olaf Reimer, Edna Ruiz Velasco, Lenka Tomankova, Sébastien Le Stum, Thomas Murach, Christopher van Eldik, Rafal Moderski, Mohanraj Senniappan, Francois Brun, P. Vincent, Heiko Salzmann, Andreas Specovius, Yu Wun Wong, Vincent Marandon, Hannes Thiersen, Vardan Baghmanyan, Celine Armand, Dmitriy Kostunin, L. Giunti, Brian van Soelen, Thomas Tavernier, Markus Boettcher, Michelle Tsirou, M.-H. Grondin, Rachel Simoni, Anita Reimer, Constantin Steppa, Ullrich Schwanke, Jean Damascene Mbarubucyeye, Wlodek Kluzniak, Brian Reville, Connor Duffy, James Davies, R. J. Tuffs, B. Bi, Mischa Breuhaus, Pauline Chambery, Marek Jamrozy, Helene Sol, Paolo Marchegiani, Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and H.E.S.S.
Subjects: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Gamma rays, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, FOS: Physical sciences, imaging, Astronomy, IACT, Cosmology, Tellurium compounds, Cherenkov counter, gamma ray: emission, Pulsar, HESS, Milagro, TeV, HESS - Abteilung Hinton, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, HAWC, Cosmic rays, Cherenkov radiation, pulsar
Abstract: Highly extended gamma-ray emission around the Geminga pulsar was discovered by Milagro and verified by HAWC. Despite many observations with Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes (IACTs), detection of gamma-ray emission on angular scales exceeding the IACT field-of-view has proven challenging. Recent developments in analysis techniques have enabled the detection of significant emission around Geminga in archival data with H.E.S.S.. In 2019, further data on the Geminga region were obtained with an adapted observation strategy. Following the announcement of the detection of significant TeV emission around Geminga in archival data, in this contribution we present the detection in an independent dataset. New analysis results will be presented, and emphasis given to the technical challenges involved in observations of highly extended gamma-ray emission with IACTs., PoS: Proceedings of Science, 395, ISSN:1824-8039, Proceedings of 37th International Cosmic Ray Conference
Published: 2022

8. Searching for VHE gamma-ray emission associated with IceCube neutrino alerts using FACT, H.E.S.S., MAGIC, and VERITAS

Author: Konstancja, Satalecka, Acciari, Victor A., Stefano, Ansoldi, Lucio Angelo Antonelli, Axel Arbet Engels, Manuel, Artero, Katsuaki, Asano, Dominik, Baack, Ana, Babic, Andr('(e))s, Baquero, Ulisses Barres de Almeida, Juan Abel Barrio, Ivana, Batkovi('(c)), Josefa Becerra Gonzalez, Wlodek, Bednarek, Lorenzo, Bellizzi, Elisa, Bernardini, Maria-Isabel, Bernardos, Alessio, Berti, Jürgen, Besenrieder, Wrijupan, Bhattacharyya, Ciro, Bigongiari, Adrian, Biland, Oscar, Blanch, Hendrik, Bökenkamp, Giacomo, Bonnoli, Zeljka, Bosnjak, Giovanni, Busetto, Roberto, Carosi, Giovanni, Ceribella, Matteo, Cerruti, Yating, Chai, Ashot, Chilingarian, Stefan, Cikota, Sidika Merve Colak, Eduardo, Colombo, Jose Luis Contreras, Juan, Cortina, Stefano, Covino, Giacomo D( extquotesingle)Amico, Valerio D( extquotesingle)Elia, Paolo Da Vela, Francesco, Dazzi, Alessandro De Angelis, Barbara De Lotto, Manuel, Delfino, Jordi, Delgado, Carlos Delgado Mendez, Davide, Depaoli, Federico Di Pierro, Leonardo Di Venere, Elia Do Souto Espi(~(n))eira, Dijana Dominis Prester, Alice, Donini, Daniela, Dorner, Michele, Doro, Dominik, Elsaesser, Vandad Fallah Ramazani, Alicia, Fattorini, Maria Victoria Fonseca, Lluis, Font, Christian, Fruck, Satoshi, Fukami, Yasushi, Fukazawa, Garc('(i))a L('(o))pez, Ramon J., Markus, Garczarczyk, Sargis, Gasparyan, Markus, Gaug, Giglietto, Nicola, Francesco, Giordano, Pawel, Gliwny, Nikola, Godinovic, David, Green, Jarred Gershon Green, Daniela, Hadasch, Alexander, Hahn, Lea, Heckmann, Javier, Herrera, John, Hoang, Dario, Hrupec, Moritz, Hütten, Tomohiro, Inada, Kazuma, Ishio, Yuki, Iwamura, Irene Jim('(e))nez Mart('(i))nez, Jenni, Jormanainen, L('(e))a, Jouvin, Marie, Karjalainen, Daniel, Kerszberg, Yukiho, Kobayashi, Hidetoshi, Kubo, Junko, Kushida, Alessandra, Lamastra, Damir, Lelas, Francesco, Leone, Elina, Lindfors, Lena, Linhoff, Saverio, Lombardi, Francesco, Longo, Ruben, Lopez-Coto, Marcos, L('(o))pez-Moya, Alicia, L('(o))pez-Oramas, Loporchio, Serena, Bernardo Machado de Oliveira Fraga, Camilla, Maggio, Pratik, Majumdar, Martin, Makariev, Manuela, Mallamaci, Galina, Maneva, Marina, Manganaro, Karl, Mannheim, Laura, Maraschi, Mos(`(e)), Mariotti, Manel, Martinez, Daniel, Mazin, Stefano, Menchiari, Simone, Mender, Sa( (s))a Mi('(c))anovi('(c)), Davide, Miceli, Tjark, Miener, Jose Miguel Miranda, Razmik, Mirzoyan, Edgar, Molina, Abelardo, Moralejo, Daniel, Morcuende, Victoria, Moreno, Elena, Moretti, Takeshi, Nakamori, Lara, Nava, Vitaly, Neustroev, Cosimo, Nigro, Kari, Nilsson, Kyoshi, Nishijima, Koji, Noda, Seiya, Nozaki, Yoshiki, Ohtani, Tomohiko, Oka, Jorge, Otero-Santos, Simona, Paiano, Michele, Palatiello, David, Paneque, Riccardo, Paoletti, Paredes, Josep M., Lovro, Pavleti('(c)), Pablo, Pe(~(n))il, Massimo, Persic, Marine, Pihet, Pier Giorgio Prada Moroni, Elisa, Prandini, Chaitanya, Priyadarshi, Ivica, Puljak, Wolfgang, Rhode, Marc, Rib('(o)), Javier, Rico, Chiara, Righi, Andrea, Rugliancich, Narek, Sahakyan, Takayuki, Saito, Shunsuke, Sakurai, Francesco Gabriele Saturni, Bernd, Schleicher, Kevin, Schmidt, Thomas, Schweizer, Julian, Sitarek, Iva, ( (S))nidari('(c)), Dorota, Sobczy('(n))ska, Alessia, Spolon, Antonio, Stamerra, Jelena Stri( (s))kovi('(c)), Derek, Strom, Marcel, Strzys, Yusuke, Suda, Tihomir, Suri('(c)), Mitsunari, Takahashi, Ryuji, Takeishi, Fabrizio, Tavecchio, Petar, Temnikov, Tomislav, Terzic, Masahiro, Teshima, Luca, Tosti, Stefano, Truzzi, Antonio, Tutone, Santiago, Ubach, Juliane van Scherpenberg, Gaia, Vanzo, Monica VAZQUEZ ACOSTA, Sofia, Ventura, Vassil, Verguilov, Carlo Francesco Vigorito, Vincenzo, Vitale, Ievgen, Vovk, Martin, Will, Carolin, Wunderlich, Tokonatsu, Yamamoto, Darko, Zari('(c)), Matteo, Balbo, Thomas, Bretz, Jens, Buss, Laura, Eisenberger, Dorothee, Hildebrand, Roman, Iotov, Adelina, Kalenski, Dominik, Neise, Maximilian, Noethe, Aleksander, Paravac, Vitalii, Sliusar, Roland, Walter, Rasha, Abbasi, Markus, Ackermann, Jenni, Adams, Juanan, Aguilar, Ahlers, M., Maryon, Ahrens, Cyril Martin Alispach, Antonio Augusto Alves Junior, Najia Moureen Binte Amin, Rui, An, Karen, Andeen, Tyler, Anderson, Gisela, Anton, Carlos, Arguelles, Yosuke, Ashida, Spencer, Axani, Xinhua, Bai, Aswathi Balagopal, V., Anastasia Maria Barbano, Barwick, S. W., Benjamin, Bastian, Vedant, Basu, Sebastian, Baur, Bay, R. C., Beatty, J. J., Becker, K. -H., Julia Becker Tjus, Chiara, Bellenghi, Segev, Benzvi, Berley, D., Besson, D. Z., Gary, Binder, Daniel, Bindig, Blaufuss, E., Summer, Blot, Matthias, Boddenberg, Federico, Bontempo, Jurgen, Borowka, Boser, S., Olga, Botner, Jakob, Bottcher, Etienne, Bourbeau, Federica, Bradascio, Braun, J., Stephanie, Bron, Jannes, Brostean-Kaiser, Sally-Ann, Browne, Alexander, Burgman, Ryan, Burley, Raffaela, Busse, Michael, Campana, Erin, Carnie-Bronca, Chujie, Chen, Dmitry, Chirkin, Koun, Choi, Bryanlee, Clark, Kenneth, Clark, Lew, Classen, Alan, Coleman, Gabriel, Collin, Conrad, J. M., Paul, Coppin, Pablo, Correa, Cowen, D. F., Cross, R., Christian, Dappen, Pranav, Dave, Catherine DE CLERCQ, James, Delaunay, Hans, Dembinski, Kunal, Deoskar, Sam De Ridder, Abhishek, Desai, Paolo, Desiati, Krijn de Vries, Gwenhaël de Wasseige, Meike De With, Tyce, Deyoung, Sukeerthi, Dharani, Alejandro, Diaz, Juan Carlos Diaz-Velez, Markus, Dittmer, Hrvoje, Dujmovic, Matt, Dunkman, Michael, Duvernois, Emily, Dvorak, Thomas, Ehrhardt, Philipp, Eller, Ralph, Engel, Hannah, Erpenbeck, John, Evans, Evenson, P. A., Kwok Lung Fan, Fazely, A. R., Sebastian, Fiedlschuster, Aaron, Fienberg, Kirill, Filimonov, Chad, Finley, Leander, Fischer, Derek, B Fox, Anna, Franckowiak, Elizabeth, Friedman, Alexander, Fritz, Philipp, Furst, Gaisser, T. K., Jay, Gallagher, Erik, Ganster, Alfonso, Garcia, Simone, Garrappa, Gerhardt, L., Ava, Ghadimi, Christian, Glaser, Theo, Glauch, Thorsten, Glusenkamp, Goldschmidt, A., Javier, Gonzalez, Sreetama, Goswami, Darren, Grant, Timoth('(e))e, Gr('(e))goire, Spencer, Griswold, Mehmet, Gunduz, Christoph, Günther, Christian, Haack, Allan, Hallgren, Halliday, R., Halve, L., Halzen, F., Martin Ha Minh, Kael, Hanson, John, Hardin, Harnisch, Alexander A., Andreas, Haungs, Simon, Hauser, Dustin, Hebecker, Helbing, K., Felix, Henningsen, Hettinger, Emma C., Stephanie, Hickford, Joshua, Hignight, Colton, Hill, Hill, G. C., Kara, Hoffman, Ruth, Hoffmann, Tobias, Hoinka, Benjamin, Hokanson-Fasig, Hoshina, K., Feifei, Huang, Matthias, Huber, Thomas, Huber, Klas, Hultqvist, Mirco, Hunnefeld, Raamis, Hussain, Seongjin, In, Nad(`(e))ge, Iovine, Aya, Ishihara, Matti, Jansson, George, Japaridze, Minjin, Jeong, Ben, Jones, Donghwa, Kang, Woosik, Kang, Xinyue, Kang, Alexander, Kappes, David, Kappesser, Timo, Karg, Martina, Karl, Karle, A., Katz, U., Kauer, M., Moritz, Kellermann, Kelley, J. L., Ali, Kheirandish, Ken( extquotesingle)ichi Kin, Thomas, Kintscher, Joanna, Kiryluk, Spencer, Klein, Ramesh, Koirala, Hermann, Kolanoski, Tomas, Kontrimas, Lutz, Kopke, Claudio, Kopper, Sandro, Kopper, Koskinen, D. J., Paras, Koundal, Michael, Kovacevich, Marek, Kowalski, Tetiana, Kozynets, Emma, Kun, Naoko, Kurahashi, Neha, Lad, Cristina Lagunas Gualda, Justin, Lanfranchi, Michael, J Larson, Frederik Hermann Lauber, Jeffrey, Lazar, Jiwoong, Lee, Kayla, Leonard, Agnieszka, Leszczy('(n))ska, Yijia, Li, Massimiliano, Lincetto, Qinrui, Liu, Maria, Liubarska, Elisa, Lohfink, Cristian Jesus Lozano Mariscal, Lu, Lu, Francesco, Lucarelli, Andrew, Ludwig, William, Luszczak, Yang, Lyu, Wing Yan Ma, James, Madsen, Kendall, Mahn, Yuya, Makino, Sarah, Mancina, Ioana Codrina Maris, Maruyama, Reina H., Mase, K., Thomas, Mcelroy, Frank, Mcnally, James Vincent Mead, Meagher, K., Andres, Medina, Maximilian, Meier, Stephan, Meighen-Berger, Jessie, Micallef, Daniela, Mockler, Teresa, Montaruli, Roger, Moore, Morse, R., Marjon, Moulai, Richard, Naab, Ryo, Nagai, Uwe, Naumann, Jannis, Necker, Le Viet Nguyen, Hans, Niederhausen, Mehr, Nisa, Sarah, Nowicki, Dave, Nygren, Anna Obertacke Pollmann, Marie, Oehler, Olivas, A., Erin O( extquotesingle)Sullivan, Hershal, Pandya, Daria, Pankova, Nahee, Park, Grant, Parker, Ek Narayan Paudel, Larissa, Paul, Carlos Perez de los Heros, Lilly, Peters, Saskia, Philippen, Damian, Pieloth, Sarah, Pieper, Martin, Pittermann, Pizzuto, A., Plum, M., Yuiry, Popovych, Alessio, Porcelli, Maria Prado Rodriguez, Buford Price, P., Brandom, Pries, Gerald, Przybylski, Christoph, Raab, Amirreza, Raissi, Mohamed, Rameez, Rawlins, K., Immacolata Carmen Rea, Abdul, Rehman, Ren('(e)), Reimann, Giovanni, Renzi, Elisa, Resconi, Simeon, Reusch, Mike, Richman, Benedikt, Riedel, Ella, Roberts, Sally, Robertson, Gerrit, Roellinghoff, Martin, Rongen, Carsten, Rott, Tim, Ruhe, Dirk, Ryckbosch, Devyn Rysewyk Cantu, Ibrahim, Safa, Julian, Saffer, Sebastian Sanchez Herrera, Alexander, Sandrock, Joakim, Sandroos, Marcos, Santander, Subir, Sarkar, Sourav, Sarkar, Maximilian Karl Scharf, Merlin, Schaufel, Harald, Schieler, Sebastian, Schindler, Schlunder, P., Torsten, Schmidt, Austin, Schneider, Judith, Schneider, Schröder, Frank G., Lisa Johanna Schumacher, Georg, Schwefer, Steve, Sclafani, Seckel, D., Surujhdeo, Seunarine, Ankur, Sharma, Shefali, Shefali, Manuel, Silva, Barbara, Skrzypek, Ben, Smithers, Robert, Snihur, Jan, Soedingrekso, Dennis, Soldin, Christian, Spannfellner, Glenn, Spiczak, Christian, Spiering, Juliana, Stachurska, Michael, Stamatikos, Stanev, T., Robert, Stein, Joeran, Stettner, Steuer, A., Stezelberger, T., Timo, Sturwald, Thomas, Stuttard, Sullivan, G. W., Taboada, I., Frederik, Tenholt, Samvel, Ter-Antonyan, Tilav, S., Franziska, Tischbein, Kirsten, Tollefson, Christoph, Tönnis, Simona, Toscano, Delia, Tosi, Alexander, Trettin, Maria, Tselengidou, Chunfai, Tung, Andrea, Turcati, Roxanne, Turcotte, Colin, Turley, Jean Pierre Twagirayezu, Bunheng, Ty, Martin Unland Elorrieta, Nora, Valtonen-Mattila, Justin, Vandenbroucke, Nick van Eijndhoven, David, Vannerom, Jakob van Santen, Stef, Verpoest, Matthias, Vraeghe, Walck, C., Timothyblake, Watson, Chris, Weaver, Philip, Weigel, Andreas, Weindl, Matthew, Weiss, Jan, Weldert, Chris, Wendt, Johannes, Werthebach, Mark, Weyrauch, Nathan, Whitehorn, Wiebusch, C. H., Dawn, Williams, Martin, Wolf, Kurt, Woschnagg, Gerrit, Wrede, Johan, Wulff, Xianwu, Xu, Yiqian, Xu, Juan Pablo Yanez, Yoshida, S., Shiqi, Yu, Tianlu, Yuan, Zelong, Zhang, Weidong, Jin, Hassan, Abdalla, Felix, Aharonian, Faical, Ait-Benkhali, Oguzhan, Anguener, Cornelia, Arcaro, Celine, Armand, Tom, Armstrong, Halim, Ashkar, Michael, Backes, Vardan, Baghmanyan, Victor Barbosa Martins, Anna, Barnacka, Monica, Barnard, Rowan, Batzofin, Yvonne, Becherini, David, Berge, Konrad, Bernlöhr, Baiyang, Bi, Markus, Boettcher, Catherine, Boisson, Julien, Bolmont, Mathieu de Bony, Mischa, Breuhaus, Robert, Brose, Francois, Brun, Tomasz, Bulik, Thomas, Bylund, Floriane, Cangemi, Sami, Caroff, Sabrina, Casanova, Jaqueline, Catalano, Pauline, Chambery, Tej Bahadur Chand, Andrew, Chen, Garret, Cotter, Malgorzata, Curlo, Jean Damascene Mbarubucyeye, Isak Delberth Davids, James, Davies, Justine, Devin, Arache, Djannati-Ataï, Anton, Dmytriiev, Axel, Donath, Victor, Doroshenko, Lente, Dreyer, Louis Du Plessis, Connor, Duffy, Kathrin, Egberts, Sabrina, Einecke, Gabriel, Emery, Jean-Pierre, Ernenwein, Steven, Fegan, Kirsty, Feijen, Armand, Fiasson, Gaëtan Fichet de Clairfontaine, Gerard, Fontaine, Lott, Frans, Matthias, Fuessling, Stefan, Funk, Stefano, Gabici, Yves, Gallant, Shahede, Ghafourizade, Gianluca, Giavitto, Luca, Giunti, Dorit, Glawion, Jean-Francois, Glicenstein, Marie-H('(e))l(`(e))ne, Grondin, Sumari, Hattingh, Maria, Haupt, German, Hermann, Jim, Hinton, Werner, Hofmann, Clemens, Hoischen, Tim, Holch, Markus, Holler, Dieter, Horns, Zhiqiu, Huang, David, Huber, Mario, Hörbe, Marek, Jamrozy, Felix, Jankowsky, Vikas, Joshi, Ira, Jung, Eli, Kasai, Krzysztof, Katarzynski, Ul(`(i)), Katz, Dmitry, Khangulyan, Bruno, Khelifi, Stefan, Klepser, Wlodek, Kluzniak, Nukri, Komin, Ruslan, Konno, Karl, Kosack, Dmitriy, Kostunin, Michael, Kreter, Ga( (s))per Kukec Mezek, Anu, Kundu, Giovanni, Lamanna, S('(e))bastien Le Stum, Anne, Lemiere, Marianne, Lemoine-Goumard, Jean-Philippe, Lenain, Fabian, Leuschner, Christelle, Levy, Thomas, Lohse, Anna, Luashvili, Iryna, Lypova, Jonathan, Mackey, Jhilik, Majumdar, Denys, Malyshev, Dmitry, Malyshev, Vincent, Marandon, Paolo, Marchegiani, Alexandre, Marcowith, Arnaud, Mares, Guillem Marti( extquotesingle)i-Devesa, Ramin, Marx, Gilles, Maurin, Pieter, Meintjes, Manuel, Meyer, Alison, Mitchell, Rafal, Moderski, Lars, Mohrmann, Alessandro, Montanari, Chris, Moore, Paul, Morris, Emmanuel, Moulin, Jacques, Muller, Thomas, Murach, Kaori, Nakashima, Mathieu Naurois (de), Amid, Nayerhoda, Hambeleleni, Ndiyavala, Jacek, Niemiec, Angel, Noel, Paul O( extquotesingle)Brien, Laenita Lorraine Oberholzer, Stefan, Ohm, Laura, Olivera-Nieto, Emma Ona-Wilhelmi (de), Michal, Ostrowski, Sebastian, Panny, Michael, Panter, Dan, Parsons, Giada, Peron, Santiago, Pita, Vincent, Poireau, Dmitry, Prokhorov, Heike, Prokoph, Gerd, Puehlhofer, Michael, Punch, Andreas, Quirrenbach, Patrick, Reichherzer, Anita, Reimer, Olaf, Reimer, Quentin, Remy, Matthieu, Renaud, Brian, Reville, Frank, Rieger, Carlo, Romoli, Gavin, Rowell, Bronislaw, Rudak, Hector Rueda Ricarte, Edna Ruiz Velasco, Vardan, Sahakian, Simon, Sailer, Heiko, Salzmann, David, Sanchez, Andrea, Santangelo, Manami, Sasaki, Johannes, Schaefer, Hester, Schutte, Ullrich, Schwanke, Fabian, Schüssler, Mohanraj, Senniappan, Albert, Seyffert, Shapopi, Jimmy N. S., Kleopas, Shiningayamwe, Rachel, Simoni, Atreyee, Sinha, Helene, Sol, Hugh, Spackman, Andreas, Specovius, Samuel Timothy Spencer, Marion, Spir-Jacob, Lukasz, Stawarz, Riaan, Steenkamp, Christian, Stegmann, Simon, Steinmassl, Constantin, Steppa, Lei, Sun, Tadayuki, Takahashi, Takaaki, Tanaka, Thomas, Tavernier, Andrew, Taylor, Regis, Terrier, Hannes, Thiersen, Charles, Thorpe-Morgan, Martin, Tluczykont, Lenka, Tomankova, Michelle, Tsirou, Naomi, Tsuji, Richard, Tuffs, Yasunobu, Uchiyama, Johann van der Walt, Christopher van Eldik, Carlo van Rensburg, Brian van Soelen, George, Vasileiadis, Johannes, Veh, Christo, Venter, Pascal, Vincent, Jacco, Vink, Völk, Heinrich J., Stefan, Wagner, Jason John Watson, Felix, Werner, Richard, White, Alicja, Wierzcholska, Yu Wun Wong, Hend, Yassin, Anke, Yusafzai, Michael, Zacharias, Roberta, Zanin, Davit, Zargaryan, Andrzej, Zdziarski, Andreas, Zech, Sylvia, Zhu, Andreas, Zmija, Samuel, Zouari, Natalia, Zywucka, The FACT Collaboration, The H.E.S.S. Collaboration, The IceCube Collaboration, The MAGIC Collaboration, The VERITAS Collaboration, and Współautorami artykułu są członkowie Magic Collaboration, IceCube Collaboration, FACT Collaboration, H.E.S.S. Collaboration, VERITAS Collaboration w liczbie 808
Subjects: Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Point source, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Gamma ray, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, FOS: Physical sciences, IACT, Astrophysics, law.invention, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Telescope, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), law, HESS - Abteilung Hinton, ddc:530, High Energy Physics::Experiment, MAGIC (telescope), Neutrino, Blazar, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Cherenkov radiation
Abstract: The realtime follow-up of neutrino events is a promising approach to search for astrophysical neutrino sources. It has so far provided compelling evidence for a neutrino point source: the flaring gamma-ray blazar TXS 0506+056 observed in coincidence with the high-energy neutrino IceCube-170922A detected by IceCube. The detection of very-high-energy gamma rays (VHE, $\mathrm{E} > 100\,\mathrm{GeV}$) from this source helped establish the coincidence and constrained the modeling of the blazar emission at the time of the IceCube event. The four major imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescope arrays (IACTs) - FACT, H.E.S.S., MAGIC, and VERITAS - operate an active follow-up program of target-of-opportunity observations of neutrino alerts sent by IceCube. This program has two main components. One are the observations of known gamma-ray sources around which a cluster of candidate neutrino events has been identified by IceCube (Gamma-ray Follow-Up, GFU). Second one is the follow-up of single high-energy neutrino candidate events of potential astrophysical origin such as IceCube-170922A. GFU has been recently upgraded by IceCube in collaboration with the IACT groups. We present here recent results from the IACT follow-up programs of IceCube neutrino alerts and a description of the upgraded IceCube GFU system., Presented at the 37th International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC 2021). See arXiv:2107.06966 for all IceCube contributions. See arXiv:2108.05257 for all H.E.S.S. contributions
Published: 2022

9. Limits on primordial black hole evaporation from H.E.S.S. observations

Author: Hannah Dalgleish, Michael Punch, Samuel Timothy Spencer, Stefan Ohm, Stefan Klepser, M. Fuessling, Constantin Steppa, Markus Holler, Q. Remy, Felix Jankowsky, Alessandro Montanari, Stefano Gabici, Felix Aharonian, Dan Parsons, S. Steinmassl, Sami Caroff, Gianluca Giavitto, Sumari Hattingh, Takaaki Tanaka, Ramin Marx, M. Panter, Laura Olivera-Nieto, A. Yusafzai, M.-H. Grondin, U. Katz, N. Zywucka, Alison Mitchell, Krzysztof Katarzynski, Catherine Boisson, J. Bolmont, Victor Barbosa Martins, Ullrich Schwanke, P. T. O'Brien, Jhilik Majumdar, Markus Boettcher, Faical Ait-Benkhali, Dieter Horns, C. Arcaro, Floriane Cangemi, V. Poireau, Jimmy N.S. Shapopi, Jean Damascene Mbarubucyeye, Wlodek Kluzniak, Clemens Hoischen, A. A. Zdziarski, Carlo van Rensburg, Albert Seyffert, Justine Devin, Gavin Rowell, G. Vasileiadis, Johann van der Walt, V. Sahakian, K. Nakashima, Sébastien Le Stum, Denys Malyshev, Regis Terrier, Mathieu Bony, Oguzhan Anguener, Tadayuki Takahashi, Victor Doroshenko, L. Giunti, E. Kasai, Vikas Joshi, Carlo Romoli, Yves Gallant, Frank M. Rieger, Atreyee Sinha, Kirsty Feijen, K. Bernloehr, Samuel Zouari, Andreas Zmija, Christian Stegmann, Michal Ostrowski, Stefan Wagner, J.-P. Lenain, Christo Venter, Hugh Spackman, S. J. Fegan, Andreas Zech, Jason John Watson, Heinrich J. Völk, Jean-Pierre Ernenwein, M. Lemoine-Goumard, Yasunobu Uchiyama, Matthieu Renaud, Mohanraj Senniappan, L. Mohrmann, Lukasz Stawarz, Anton Dmytriiev, German Hermann, Paul Morris, Johannes Veh, Brian Reville, Connor Duffy, James Davies, Stefan Funk, Alicja Wierzcholska, Michelle Tsirou, Michael Kreter, Anne Lemiere, Rachel Simoni, Andreas Quirrenbach, Manami Sasaki, R. J. Tuffs, B. Bi, Guillem Marti'i-Devesa, Jacek Niemiec, M. Hörbe, Andreas Specovius, Andrea Santangelo, Mischa Breuhaus, Pauline Chambery, Olaf Reimer, Michael Zacharias, Emma Ona-Wilhelmi, Martin Tluczykont, Yu Wun Wong, Robert Brose, Michael Backes, Francois Brun, Thomas Lohse, Marek Jamrozy, Jaqueline Catalano, T. Chand, Thomas Murach, Arache Djannati-Ataï, P. Reichherzer, Gašper Kukec Mezek, P. Vincent, Anita Reimer, Laenita Lorraine Oberholzer, Nukri Komin, G. Lamanna, Helene Sol, R. Konno, Monica Barnard, Anna Barnacka, Heiko Salzmann, G. Peron, Vincent Marandon, Hannes Thiersen, Andrew Taylor, Garret Cotter, Tim Holch, Dmitriy Kostunin, Hend Yassin, Isak Delberth Davids, Manuel Meyer, A. Fiasson, Tom Armstrong, Celine Armand, Johannes Schaefer, Roberta Zanin, Zhiqiu Huang, Paolo Marchegiani, Vardan Baghmanyan, Naomi Tsuji, Mathieu Naurois, D. A. Prokhorov, K. Kosack, Gerard Fontaine, Brian van Soelen, David Sanchez, Santiago Pita, Werner Hofmann, Hester Schutte, Hambeleleni Ndiyavala, Gilles Maurin, J. F. Glicenstein, Thomas Tavernier, Kleopas Shiningayamwe, Bruno Khelifi, Edna Ruiz Velasco, Lenka Tomankova, Sabrina Einecke, Iryna Lypova, Yvonne Becherini, Hassan Abdalla, C. Levy, Sylvia Zhu, P. J. Meintjes, David Berge, Richard White, Jacco Vink, Heike Prokoph, Marion Spir-Jacob, David Huber, Amid Nayerhoda, Maria Haupt, Sabrina Casanova, Halim Ashkar, Fabian Leuschner, B. Rudak, Kathrin Egberts, Christopher van Eldik, Rafal Moderski, Anna Luashvili, Lott Frans, Jim Hinton, S. Sailer, Dmitry Khangulyan, Charles Thorpe-Morgan, Angel Noel, Jonathan Mackey, C. Moore, Dorit Glawion, Davit Zargaryan, Tomasz Bulik, Malgorzata Curlo, Lente Dreyer, Gaëtan Fichet de Clairfontaine, Axel Donath, A. W. Chen, Riaan Steenkamp, Fabian Schüssler, Emmanuel Moulin, Thomas Bylund, Rowan Batzofin, Jacques Muller, Hector Rueda Ricarte, Louis Du Plessis, Anu Kundu, D. Malyshev, Ira Jung, Sebastian Panny, Gerd Puehlhofer, Lei Sun, Alexandre Marcowith, Felix Werner, and Arnaud Mares
Subjects: Physics, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, media_common.quotation_subject, Gravitational collapse, Evaporation, Order (ring theory), Primordial black hole, Astrophysics, Radiation, Universe, media_common, Hawking radiation
Abstract: Primordial Black Holes are expected to be formed in the early Universe by the gravitational collapse of overdense regions, among other mechanisms. They are also expected to loose their mass over time by the Hawking radiation process. As the rates of this radiation increase with temperature, the PBH evaporation should result in a violent explosion. The current upper limits on explosion rates are on the order of 10$^{4}$ − 10$^{5}$pc$^{-3}$yr$^{-1}$. In this contribution we'll present the results of a search for TeV γ-ray burst within timescale of few seconds, using nearly 5000 hours of H.E.S.S. data. The search algorithm and statistical estimation strategy will be presented as well as cosmological implications of this measurement.
Published: 2022

10. Detection of new Extreme BL Lac objects with H.E.S.S. and Swift XRT

Author: Angel Priyana Noel, Hassan Abdalla, Felix Aharonian, Faical Ait-Benkhali, Oguzhan Anguener, Cornelia Arcaro, Celine Armand, Tom Armstrong, Halim Ashkar, Michael Backes, Vardan Baghmanyan, Victor Barbosa Martins, Anna Barnacka, Monica Barnard, Rowan William Batzofin, Yvonne Becherini, David Berge, Konrad Bernloehr, Baiyang Bi, Markus Böttcher, Catherine Boisson, Julien Bolmont, Mathieu Bony (de), Mischa Breuhaus, Robert Brose, Francois Brun, Tomasz Bulik, Thomas Bylund, Floriane Cangemi, Sami Caroff, Sabrina Casanova, Jaqueline Catalano, Pauline Chambery, Tej Bahadur Chand, Andrew Chen, Garret Cotter, Malgorzata Curlo, Hannah Dalgleish, Jean Damascene Mbarubucyeye, Isak Delberth Davids, James Davies, Justine Devin, Arache Djannati-Ataï, Anton Dmytriev, Axel Donath, Victor Doroshenko, Lente Dreyer, Louis Du Plessis, Connor Duffy, Kathrin Egberts, Sabrina Einecke, Jean-Pierre ERNENWEIN, Steven Fegan, Kirsty Feijen, Armand Fiasson, Gaëtan Fichet de Clairfontaine, Gerard Fontaine, Lott Frans, Matthias Fuessling, Stefan Funk, Stefano Gabici, Yves Gallant, Gianluca Giavitto, Luca Giunti, Dorit Glawion, Jean-Francois Glicenstein, Marie-Hélène Grondin, Sumari Hattingh, Maria Haupt, German HERMANN, Jim Hinton, Werner Hofmann, Clemens Hoischen, Tim Holch, Markus Holler, Dieter Horns, Zhi-Qiu Huang, David Huber, Mario Hörbe, Marek Jamrozy, Felix Jankowsky, Vikas Joshi, Ira JUNG, Eli Kasai, Krzysztof Katarzynski, Ulì Katz, Dmitry Khangulyan, Bruno Khelifi, Stefan Klepser, Wlodek Kluzniak, Nukri Komin, Ruslan Konno, Karl Kosack, Dmitriy Kostunin, Michael Kreter, Gašper Kukec Mezek, Anu Kundu, Giovanni Lamanna, Sebastien Le Stum, Anne Lemiere, Marianne Lemoine-Goumard, Jean-Philippe Lenain, Fabian Leuschner, Christelle Levy, Thomas Lohse, Anna Luashvili, Iryna Lypova, Jonathan Mackey, Jhilik Majumdar, Denys Malyshev, Dmitry Malyshev, Vincent Marandon, Paolo Marchegiani, Alexandre Marcowith, Arnaud Mares, Guillem Martí-Devesa, Ramin Marx, Gilles Maurin, Pieter Meintjes, Manuel Meyer, Alison Mitchell, Rafal Moderski, Lars Mohrmann, Alessandro Montanari, Chris Moore, Paul Morris, Emmanuel Moulin, Jacques Muller, Thomas Murach, Kaori Nakashima, Mathieu Naurois (de), Amid Nayerhoda, Hambeleleni Davids, Jacek Niemiec, Paul O'Brien, Laenita Lorraine Oberholzer, Stefan Ohm, Laura Olivera-Nieto, Emma Ona-Wilhelmi (de), Michal Ostrowski, Sebastian Panny, Michael Panter, Dan Parsons, Giada Peron, Santiago Pita, Vincent Poireau, Dmitry A Prokhorov, Heike Prokoph, Gerd PUEHLHOFER, Michael Punch, Andreas Quirrenbach, Patrick Reichherzer, Anita Reimer, Olaf Reimer, Quentin Remy, Matthieu Renaud, Brian Reville, Frank Rieger, Carlo Romoli, Gavin P Rowell, Bronislaw Rudak, Hector Rueda Ricarte, Edna Ruiz Velasco, Vardan Sahakian, Simon Sailer, Heiko Salzmann, David Sanchez, Andrea Santangelo, Manami Sasaki, Johannes Schaefer, Hester Schutte, Ullrich Schwanke, Fabian Schüssler, Mohanraj Senniappan, Albert Seyffert, Jimmy N.S. Shapopi, Kleopas Shiningayamwe, Rachel Simoni, Atreyee Sinha, Helene Sol, Hugh Spackman, Andreas Specovius, Samuel Timothy Spencer, Marion Spir-Jacob, Lukasz Stawarz, Riaan Steenkamp, Christian Stegmann, Simon Steinmassl, Constantin Steppa, Lei Sun, Tadayuki Takahashi, Takaaki Tanaka, Thomas Tavernier, Andrew Taylor, Regis Terrier, Hannes Thiersen, Charles Thorpe-Morgan, Martin Tluczykont, Lenka Tomankova, Michelle Tsirou, Naomi Tsuji, Richard Tuffs, Yasunobu Uchiyama, Johann van der Walt, Christopher van Eldik, Carlo van Rensburg, Brian van Soelen, George Vasileiadis, Johannes Veh, Christo Venter, Pascal Vincent, Jacco Vink, Heinrich J. Völk, Stefan Wagner, Jason John Watson, Felix Werner, Richard White, Alicja Wierzcholska, Yu Wun Wong, Hend Mahmoud Yassin, Anke Yusafzai, Michael Zacharias, Roberta Zanin, Davit Zargaryan, Andrzej Zdziarski, Andreas Zech, Sylvia Zhu, Andreas Zmija, Samuel Zouari, Natalia Żywucka, Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), H.E.S.S., and Fermi-LAT
Subjects: accelerator, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, gamma ray: absorption, VHE, law.invention, blazar, X-ray, particle: acceleration, law, HESS, synchrotron, Radiative transfer, TeV, High Energy Stereoscopic System, 10. No inequality, Absorption (electromagnetic radiation), Blazar, Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Range (particle radiation), energy: high, redshift, Redshift, Synchrotron, Particle acceleration, spectral, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract: Extreme high synchrotron peaked blazars (EHBLs) are amongst the most powerful accelerators found in nature. Usually the synchrotron peak frequency of an EHBL is above $10^{17}\,$Hz, i.e., lies in the range of medium to hard X-rays making them ideal sources to study particle acceleration and radiative processes. EHBL objects are commonly observed at energies beyond several TeV, making them also powerful probes of gamma-ray absorption in the intergalactic medium. During the last decade, several attempts have been made to increase the number of EHBL detected at TeV energies and probe their spectral characteristics. Here we report new detections of EHBLs in the TeV energy regime, each at a redshift of less than 0.2, by the High Energy Stereoscopic System (H.E.S.S.). Also, we report on X-ray observations of these EHBLs candidates with Swift XRT. In conjunction with the very high energy observations, this allows us to probe the radiation mechanisms and the underlying particle acceleration processes., Proceedings of the 37th International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC 2021)
Published: 2022

11. H.E.S.S. ToO program on nearby core-collapse Supernovae : search for very-high energy γ-ray emission towards the SN candidate AT2019krl in M74

Author: German Hermann, Paul Morris, Tadayuki Takahashi, Victor Doroshenko, Ramin Marx, Marek Jamrozy, E. Kasai, Jean-Pierre Ernenwein, Helene Sol, M. Panter, Denys Malyshev, U. Katz, Stefan Klepser, Alessandro Montanari, Markus Boettcher, Jacek Niemiec, Johannes Veh, Olaf Reimer, Regis Terrier, Robert Brose, M.-H. Grondin, Paolo Marchegiani, Matthieu Renaud, Stefan Ohm, Faical Ait-Benkhali, Thomas Murach, Carlo Romoli, Frank M. Rieger, Constantin Steppa, T. Chand, Laura Olivera-Nieto, Mohanraj Senniappan, G. Peron, Stefano Gabici, A. Yusafzai, Garret Cotter, Zhiqiu Huang, D. A. Prokhorov, K. Kosack, Ullrich Schwanke, Johannes Schaefer, Sébastien Le Stum, Jean Damascene Mbarubucyeye, Wlodek Kluzniak, Arache Djannati-Ataï, Hannah Dalgleish, P. Reichherzer, Santiago Pita, Justine Devin, Hambeleleni Ndiyavala, Martin Tluczykont, Maria Haupt, J. Bolmont, G. Lamanna, M. Hörbe, Albert Seyffert, Isak Delberth Davids, A. Fiasson, Rachel Simoni, Roberta Zanin, P. T. O'Brien, Samuel Timothy Spencer, Brian Reville, Connor Duffy, C. Levy, James Davies, Dmitriy Kostunin, Gašper Kukec Mezek, Michal Ostrowski, Michael Backes, R. J. Tuffs, B. Bi, J.-P. Lenain, Jaqueline Catalano, Hugh Spackman, Dan Parsons, Halim Ashkar, Fabian Leuschner, Atreyee Sinha, Mathieu Bony, Oguzhan Anguener, S. J. Fegan, Brian van Soelen, N. Zywucka, Mischa Breuhaus, Pauline Chambery, Anton Dmytriiev, Laenita Lorraine Oberholzer, K. Nakashima, Christo Venter, Hend Yassin, Tim Holch, Kirsty Feijen, M. Fuessling, R. Konno, Manami Sasaki, Anna Barnacka, Markus Holler, Q. Remy, Felix Jankowsky, Manuel Meyer, Francois Brun, Andrew Taylor, Vikas Joshi, K. Bernloehr, P. Vincent, Anita Reimer, Krzysztof Katarzynski, Naomi Tsuji, Stefan Funk, Andrea Santangelo, Alicja Wierzcholska, Mathieu Naurois, Thomas Tavernier, Catherine Boisson, Floriane Cangemi, Gerard Fontaine, Anne Lemiere, Felix Aharonian, B. Rudak, V. Poireau, Kathrin Egberts, Jimmy N.S. Shapopi, S. Steinmassl, Sami Caroff, Heiko Salzmann, Hester Schutte, Jhilik Majumdar, Heinrich J. Völk, Andreas Specovius, Lukasz Stawarz, G. Vasileiadis, Richard White, Victor Barbosa Martins, Andreas Zmija, Jacco Vink, M. Lemoine-Goumard, Yu Wun Wong, Alison Mitchell, Jason John Watson, Celine Armand, David Huber, Andreas Quirrenbach, Sabrina Casanova, Emma Ona-Wilhelmi, Michael Kreter, Vincent Marandon, Hannes Thiersen, Guillem Marti'i-Devesa, Nukri Komin, Tom Armstrong, L. Giunti, Vardan Baghmanyan, Michael Zacharias, Christian Stegmann, Thomas Lohse, Stefan Wagner, Andreas Zech, Yasunobu Uchiyama, L. Mohrmann, Carlo van Rensburg, C. Arcaro, Christopher van Eldik, Samuel Zouari, Rafal Moderski, V. Sahakian, David Sanchez, Gavin Rowell, Michelle Tsirou, Yves Gallant, Kleopas Shiningayamwe, Werner Hofmann, Sabrina Einecke, Edna Ruiz Velasco, Iryna Lypova, Yvonne Becherini, Lenka Tomankova, Heike Prokoph, Monica Barnard, Marion Spir-Jacob, Amid Nayerhoda, Gilles Maurin, J. F. Glicenstein, Sylvia Zhu, P. J. Meintjes, David Berge, Bruno Khelifi, Jim Hinton, S. Sailer, Dmitry Khangulyan, Charles Thorpe-Morgan, Hassan Abdalla, Davit Zargaryan, Gaëtan Fichet de Clairfontaine, Axel Donath, A. W. Chen, Fabian Schüssler, Emmanuel Moulin, Gianluca Giavitto, Ira Jung, Sebastian Panny, Louis Du Plessis, Sumari Hattingh, Gerd Puehlhofer, Lei Sun, Thomas Bylund, Rowan Batzofin, Takaaki Tanaka, Alexandre Marcowith, Felix Werner, Jacques Muller, Anna Luashvili, Stuart Ryder, Lott Frans, Arnaud Mares, Hector Rueda Ricarte, Angel Noel, Jonathan Mackey, C. Moore, Dorit Glawion, D. Malyshev, Tomasz Bulik, Riaan Steenkamp, Malgorzata Curlo, Lente Dreyer, Anu Kundu, Michael Punch, Dieter Horns, Clemens Hoischen, A. A. Zdziarski, and Johann van der Walt
Subjects: Core (optical fiber), Physics, Supernova, High energy, Gamma ray, Collapse (topology), Astrophysics
Abstract: While the youngest known supernova remnants (SNRs), such as Cassiopeia A (Cas A), have been proven to be able to accelerate cosmic rays (CRs) only up to ∼ 10$^{14}$ eV at their present evolutionary stages, recent studies have shown that particle energies larger than a few PeV (10$^{15}$ eV) could be reached during the early stages of a core-collapse Supernova (cc-SN), when the high-velocity forward shock expands into the dense circumstellar medium (CSM) shaped by the stellar progenitor wind. Such environments, in particular the type IIn SNe whose progenitors may exhibit mass loss rates as high as 10$^{-2}$ M$_{\bigodot}$ yr$^{-1}$, could thus lead to γ-ray emission from $\pi ^{0}$ decay in hadronic interactions, potentially detectable with current Cherenkov telescopes at very-high energies. Such a detection would provide direct evidence for efficient acceleration of CR protons/nuclei in supernovae, and hence new insights on the long-standing issue of the origin of Galactic Cosmic Rays. In that context, the High Energy Stereoscopic System (H.E.S.S.) has been carrying out a Target of Opportunity program since 2016 to search for such an early very-high-energy γ-ray emission towards nearby core-collapse supernovae and supernova candidates (up to ∼ 10 Mpc), within a few weeks after discovery. After giving an overview of this H.E.S.S. Target of Opportunity program, we present the results obtained from the July 2019 observations towards the transient AT2019krl, originally classified as a type IIn supernova, which occurred in the galaxy M74 at ∼ 9.8 Mpc. Although its nature still remains unclear, the derived H.E.S.S. constraints on this transient are placed in the general context of the expected VHE γ-ray emission from core-collapse supernovae.
Published: 2022

12. Modeling globular clusters as multi-wavelength emitters

Author: Hambeleleni Davids, Christo Venter, and Michael Backes
Published: 2021

13. Probing the High-energy $\gamma$-ray Emission Mechanism in the Vela Pulsar via Phase-resolved Spectral and Energy-dependent Light Curve Modeling

Author: Monica Barnard, Christo Venter, Alice K. Harding, Constantinos Kalapotharakos, and Tyrel J. Johnson
Subjects: Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: Recent kinetic simulations sparked a debate regarding the emission mechanism responsible for pulsed GeV $\gamma$-ray emission from pulsars. Some models invoke curvature radiation, while other models assume synchrotron radiation in the current-sheet. We interpret the curved spectrum of the Vela pulsar as seen by H.E.S.S. II (up to $\sim$100 GeV) and the $Fermi$ Large Area Telescope (LAT) to be the result of curvature radiation due to primary particles in the pulsar magnetosphere and current sheet. We present phase-resolved spectra and energy-dependent light curves using an extended slot gap and current sheet model, invoking a step function for the accelerating electric field as motivated by kinetic simulations. We include a refined calculation of the curvature radius of particle trajectories in the lab frame, impacting the particle transport, predicted light curves, and spectra. Our model reproduces the decrease of the flux of the first peak relative to the second one, evolution of the bridge emission, near-constant phase positions of peaks, and narrowing of pulses with increasing energy. We can explain the first of these trends because we find that the curvature radii of the particle trajectories in regions where the second $\gamma$-ray light curve peak originates are systematically larger than those associated with the first peak, implying that the spectral cutoff of the second peak is correspondingly larger. However, an unknown azimuthal dependence of the $E$-field as well as uncertainty in the precise spatial origin of the GeV emission, precludes a simplistic discrimination of emission mechanisms., Comment: 24 pages, 19 figures, accepted by ApJ
Published: 2021

14. Modelling Phase-resolved Spectra and Energy-dependent Light Curves of the Vela Pulsar to Scrutinize its GeV Emission Mechanism

Author: Monica Barnard, Constantinos Kalapotharakos, Christo Venter, Alice K. Harding, and Tyrel J. Johnson
Subjects: Energy dependent, Physics, Pulsar, Phase (waves), Astrophysics, Light curve, Vela, Mechanism (sociology), Spectral line
Published: 2021

15. TeV Emission of Galactic Plane Sources with HAWC and H.E.S.S

Author: Nicola Omodei, Sebastian Panny, A. Sandoval, Q. Piel, S. Raab, Arturo Iriarte, Kirsty Feijen, R. D. Parsons, Michael Newbold, J. Zorn, Michael Schneider, Fernando Garfias, D. Huber, Christo Venter, Jacek Niemiec, Arnaud Mares, Frank M. Rieger, Thomas Weisgarber, A. Dmytriiev, Olaf Reimer, A. Zech, E. Ruiz-Velasco, Thomas Bylund, Y. A. Gallant, David Sánchez, R. López-Coto, Jorge Cotzomi, Jacques Muller, H. León Vargas, Alison Peisker, Justine Devin, Thomas Murach, P. Morris, Harm Schoorlemmer, Jonathan Mackey, Andrea Albert, Samuel Zouari, Pascal Vincent, M. Zacharias, Stefan Ohm, S. Pita, Tadayuki Takahashi, Gilgamesh Luis-Raya, A. Yusafzai, Andreas Quirrenbach, Samuel Timothy Spencer, Stefano Gabici, Regis Terrier, Victor Doroshenko, L. Nellen, Włodek Kluźniak, R. Noriega-Papaqui, E. Kasai, C. Moore, L. Oakes, J. Bolmont, Michal Ostrowski, J.-P. Lenain, Pooja Surajbali, William H. Lee, L. Olivera-Nieto, E. Moulin, Tomasz Bulik, Rhiannon Turner, Lente Dreyer, O. Martinez, Stefan Klepser, Alessandro Montanari, D. J. van der Walt, Fernando Ureña-Mena, J. P. Harding, César Alvarez, Michael DuVernois, A.M. Taylor, J. C. Arteaga-Velézquez, Connor Duffy, Davit Zargaryan, R. J. White, Stefan Funk, Alicja Wierzcholska, Dmitriy Kostunin, J. Damascene Mbarubucyeye, R. Rauth, Maria Magdalena González, Kristi Engel, A. Galván-Gámez, Christoph Deil, Krzysztof Katarzynski, F. Eichhorn, Mohanraj Senniappan, E. Moreno, Michael Punch, Axel Donath, B. Hona, A. W. Chen, S. Steinmassl, Sami Caroff, Domenico Tiziani, D. Malyshev, Catherine Boisson, M. Panter, Mora Durocher, U. Katz, Pedro Miranda-Romagnoli, C. Arcaro, H. Zhou, Michael Backes, S. Coutiño de León, Ernesto Belmont-Moreno, M. de Bony de Lavergne, R. Brose, Petra Hüntemeyer, C. Levy, Francois Brun, R. J. Tuffs, B. Bi, Andreas Specovius, Joachim Hahn, K. P. Arunbabu, Riaan Steenkamp, Gavin Rowell, P. Reichherzer, James E. M. Watson, M. Bryan, E. de Oña Wilhelmi, Łukasz Stawarz, C. van Rensburg, Pierre Brun, Brenda Dingus, V. Marandon, J. A. Morales-Soto, M. Büchele, H. Prokoph, C. De León, A. Marcowith, V. Baghmanyan, J. Schäfer, Nu. Komin, Tim Holch, Q. Remy, H. M. Schutte, Isak Delberth Davids, A. Fiasson, Jean-Pierre Ernenwein, Hassan Abdalla, S. Hernandez, Jim Hinton, V. Sahakian, E. De la Fuente, F. Werner, Mischa Breuhaus, Luis Villaseñor, Yu Wun Wong, Hambeleleni Ndiyavala, D. Avila Rojas, G. Lamanna, K. S. Caballero-Mora, Roberta Zanin, G. Emery, Halim Ashkar, Fabian Leuschner, Heiko Salzmann, A. S. Seyffert, Kwok Lung Fan, M. Hörbe, T. Tavernier, Nissim Illich Fraija, P. T. O'Brien, Johannes Veh, S. Sailer, Dmitry Khangulyan, Gilles Maurin, S. J. Fegan, A. Djannati-Ataï, D. Jankowsky, J. Dyks, Celine Armand, M. Füßling, R. Marx, Dieter Horns, M. Tluczykont, F. Ait Benkhali, J. F. Glicenstein, M. U. Nisa, Marek Jamrozy, Clemens Hoischen, A. A. Zdziarski, A. Jardin-Blicq, E. O. Angüner, R. Diaz Hernandez, N. Shafi, Natalia Żywucka, M. de Naurois, Andrea Santangelo, K. Malone, Gwenael Giacinti, L. Sun, M.-H. Grondin, D. Garcia, M. Seglar-Arroyo, B. Khélifi, A. J. Smith, T. Capistrán, B. van Soelen, G. Hermann, Anna Barnacka, D. Gottschall, Anne Lemiere, B. Rudak, Markus Böttcher, K. Tollefson, Jhilik Majumdar, Helene Sol, T. Chand, C. Brisbois, Andreas Zmija, Tom Armstrong, Elijah Willox, Carlo Romoli, Alison Mitchell, R. Torres-Escobedo, Atreyee Sinha, Manuel Meyer, I. Martinez-Castellanos, Zorawar Wadiasingh, A. Priyana Noel, V. Barbosa Martins, C. van Eldik, M. Lemoine-Goumard, M. Tsirou, Michael Kreter, Anna Lia Longinotti, F. Schüssler, Dezhi Huang, Jose Andres Garcia-Gonzalez, Werner Hofmann, Monica Barnard, Juan Carlos Diaz-Velez, V. Poireau, Jimmy N.S. Shapopi, K. Nakashima, José Serna-Franco, G. Peron, Garret Cotter, Jacco Vink, A. Carraminana, Umberto Cotti, Jim Davies, M. A. Kastendieck, Thomas Lohse, K. Kosack, Paolo Marchegiani, Konrad Bernlöhr, Heinrich J. Völk, Sabrina Casanova, Catalina Espinoza, M. Renaud, D. Berge, G. Vasileiadis, F. Salesa Greus, I. Jung-Richardt, Kleopas Shiningayamwe, Gilles Fontaine, J. T. Linnemann, Lenka Tomankova, M. Mostafá, G. Fichet de Clairfontaine, R. Konno, Gianluca Giavitto, V. Joshi, B. Peyaud, G. Pühlhofer, J. A. Goodman, H. Odaka, A. Reimer, R. W. Ellsworth, R. W. Springer, M. Curyło, F. Hueyotl-Zahuantitla, E. G. Pérez-Pérez, Y. Pérez Araujo, A. Nayerhoda, Christian Stegmann, Stefan Wagner, Yasunobu Uchiyama, David Kieda, L. Mohrmann, Misao Sasaki, Markus Holler, Felix Jankowsky, Felix Aharonian, D. Glawion, Jesús Martínez-Castro, Segev BenZvi, Constantin Steppa, L. Giunti, D. A. Prokhorov, Ullrich Schwanke, L. Rinchiuso, J. A. Matthews, Ibrahim Torres, Rachel Simoni, A. Carosi, K. Egberts, S. Chandra, Ruben Alfaro, Sabrina Einecke, Iryna Lypova, Daniel Rosa-Gonzalez, Yvonne Becherini, M. Fernández Alonso, L. Dirson, G. Martí-Devesa, C. Trichard, Sylvia Zhu, P. J. Meintjes, J. H. E. Thiersen, Marion Spir-Jacob, Maria Haupt, C. D. Rho, Rafal Moderski, Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille (CPPM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE (UMR_7585)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet (LLR), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier (LUPM), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Etudes Nucléaires de Bordeaux Gradignan (CENBG), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Gravitation and Astroparticle Physics Amsterdam, High Energy Astrophys. & Astropart. Phys (API, FNWI), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Collaboration, H.E.S.S., and Collaboration, HAWC
Subjects: High-energy astronomy, media_common.quotation_subject, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, IACT, Field of view, 030226 pharmacology & pharmacy, 01 natural sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Observatory, 0103 physical sciences, High Energy Stereoscopic System, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Cherenkov radiation, media_common, Physics, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Galactic plane, Space and Planetary Science, Sky, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], High energy astrophysics
Abstract: International audience; The High Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) observatory and the High Energy Stereoscopic System (H.E.S.S.) are two leading instruments in the ground-based very-high-energy γ-ray domain. HAWC employs the water Cherenkov detection (WCD) technique, while H.E.S.S. is an array of Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes (IACTs). The two facilities therefore differ in multiple aspects, including their observation strategy, the size of their field of view, and their angular resolution, leading to different analysis approaches. Until now, it has been unclear if the results of observations by both types of instruments are consistent: several of the recently discovered HAWC sources have been followed up by IACTs, resulting in a confirmed detection only in a minority of cases. With this paper, we go further and try to resolve the tensions between previous results by performing a new analysis of the H.E.S.S. Galactic plane survey data, applying an analysis technique comparable between H.E.S.S. and HAWC. Events above 1 TeV are selected for both data sets, the point-spread function of H.E.S.S. is broadened to approach that of HAWC, and a similar background estimation method is used. This is the first detailed comparison of the Galactic plane observed by both instruments. H.E.S.S. can confirm the γ-ray emission of four HAWC sources among seven previously undetected by IACTs, while the three others have measured fluxes below the sensitivity of the H.E.S.S. data set. Remaining differences in the overall γ-ray flux can be explained by the systematic uncertainties. Therefore, we confirm a consistent view of the γ-ray sky between WCD and IACT techniques.
Published: 2021

16. 'Spider' Millisecond Pulsar Binaries as Potential TeV Emitters

Author: Alice K. Harding, Matthew G. Baring, Christian J. T. van der Merwe, Christo Venter, and Zorawar Wadiasingh
Subjects: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Light curve, Synchrotron, Spectral line, Galaxy, law.invention, Particle acceleration, Positron, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Pulsar, Millisecond pulsar, law, Physics::Accelerator Physics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
Abstract: Pulsar winds interacting with sources of external pressure are well-established as efficient and prolific TeV accelerators in our Galaxy. Yet, enabled by observations from Fermi-LAT, a growing class of non-accreting pulsars in binaries has emerged and these are likely to become apparent as TeV emitters in the CTA era. This class consists of the black widows and redbacks, binaries in which a millisecond pulsar interacts with its low-mass companion. In such systems, an intrabinary shock can form as a site of particle acceleration and associated nonthermal emission. We motivate why these sources are particularly interesting for understanding pulsar winds. We also describe our new multizone code which models the X-ray and gamma-ray synchrotron and inverse Compton spectral components for select spider binaries, including diffusion, convection, and radiative energy losses in an axially symmetric, steady-state approach. This new multizone code simultaneously yields energy-dependent light curves and orbital-phase-resolved spectra. It also better constrains the multiplicity of electron/positron pairs that have been accelerated up to TeV energies and are necessary to power orbitally-modulated synchrotron emission components between the X-rays and MeV/GeV bands potentially observed in some systems. This affords a more robust prediction of the expected high-energy and VHE gamma-ray flux. Nearby MSPs with hot or flaring companions may be promising targets for CTA, and it is possible that spider binaries could contribute to the observed AMS-02 energetic positron excess., Comment: Presented at the 37th International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC 2021)
Published: 2021

17. Modelling Spatial and Temporal Emission Properties of the Young Pulsar Wind Nebula Kes 75

Author: Carlo van Rensburg, Anu Kundu, and Christo Venter
Subjects: Physics, Astronomy, Pulsar wind nebula
Published: 2021

18. Is PKS 0625-354 another variable TeV active galactic nucleus?

Author: Halim Ashkar, Fabian Leuschner, Gilles Maurin, Riaan Steenkamp, J. F. Glicenstein, Heike Prokoph, Bruno Khelifi, Floriane Cangemi, Michael Punch, Gianluca Giavitto, Anna Luashvili, Lott Frans, Sumari Hattingh, Martin Tluczykont, Marek Jamrozy, Sabrina Einecke, Takaaki Tanaka, Iryna Lypova, Marion Spir-Jacob, Yvonne Becherini, Helene Sol, Rachel Simoni, Davit Zargaryan, Hannah Dalgleish, Jim Hinton, Gašper Kukec Mezek, Gaëtan Fichet de Clairfontaine, Axel Donath, A. W. Chen, S. Sailer, Dmitry Khangulyan, Charles Thorpe-Morgan, Andreas Zmija, Amid Nayerhoda, M. Lemoine-Goumard, Stefan Klepser, Alessandro Montanari, C. Arcaro, S. J. Fegan, Anu Kundu, B. Rudak, T. Chand, Hend Yassin, Michael Kreter, Paolo Marchegiani, Tadayuki Takahashi, Dmitriy Kostunin, Mathieu Bony, Oguzhan Anguener, Fabian Schüssler, Manuel Meyer, Markus Boettcher, Gavin Rowell, Kathrin Egberts, Maria Haupt, Victor Doroshenko, Emmanuel Moulin, Ira Jung, Brian van Soelen, Sebastian Panny, Mathieu Naurois, E. Kasai, Kirsty Feijen, Samuel Timothy Spencer, Dieter Horns, Vikas Joshi, Thomas Tavernier, Johannes Schaefer, Gerd Puehlhofer, Lei Sun, Constantin Steppa, Jacek Niemiec, Hassan Abdalla, Albert Seyffert, Olaf Reimer, Christian Stegmann, Stefan Wagner, Andreas Zech, Alexandre Marcowith, Regis Terrier, Felix Werner, Yasunobu Uchiyama, K. Nakashima, K. Bernloehr, Carlo Romoli, Hector Rueda Ricarte, Lukasz Stawarz, Frank M. Rieger, Thomas Murach, Kleopas Shiningayamwe, Clemens Hoischen, A. A. Zdziarski, Christopher van Eldik, N. Zywucka, Jaqueline Catalano, L. Mohrmann, Monica Barnard, Rafal Moderski, Heinrich J. Völk, Arnaud Mares, Ullrich Schwanke, Stefan Ohm, Thomas Bylund, Rowan Batzofin, Anita Reimer, Andreas Quirrenbach, Edna Ruiz Velasco, Johann van der Walt, Jhilik Majumdar, Guillem Marti'i-Devesa, R. Konno, Jacques Muller, Dan Parsons, Jean Damascene Mbarubucyeye, Wlodek Kluzniak, Lenka Tomankova, Stefano Gabici, Andrew Taylor, Michael Zacharias, Christo Venter, Sylvia Zhu, P. J. Meintjes, David Berge, M. Hörbe, Michael Backes, Robert Brose, V. Poireau, Jimmy N.S. Shapopi, V. Sahakian, Krzysztof Katarzynski, Brian Reville, Connor Duffy, Laenita Lorraine Oberholzer, Tim Holch, Anton Dmytriiev, M. Fuessling, Manami Sasaki, G. Vasileiadis, Catherine Boisson, Arache Djannati-Ataï, P. Reichherzer, J. Bolmont, Jason John Watson, D. Malyshev, Andrea Santangelo, Naomi Tsuji, Matthieu Renaud, Denys Malyshev, Isak Delberth Davids, G. Lamanna, James Davies, A. Fiasson, Roberta Zanin, Yves Gallant, S. Steinmassl, Sami Caroff, R. J. Tuffs, Gerard Fontaine, B. Bi, Santiago Pita, Hambeleleni Ndiyavala, Hester Schutte, Justine Devin, Mohanraj Senniappan, C. Levy, Mischa Breuhaus, Pauline Chambery, Andreas Specovius, Jean-Pierre Ernenwein, Yu Wun Wong, Johannes Veh, Vincent Marandon, Hannes Thiersen, Vardan Baghmanyan, Markus Holler, Q. Remy, Felix Jankowsky, Richard White, Felix Aharonian, Jacco Vink, Alison Mitchell, David Huber, Sabrina Casanova, Louis Du Plessis, Angel Noel, Jonathan Mackey, Anna Barnacka, C. Moore, Victor Barbosa Martins, Dorit Glawion, Carlo van Rensburg, Anne Lemiere, Tomasz Bulik, Malgorzata Curlo, Emma Ona-Wilhelmi, Samuel Zouari, Thomas Lohse, Lente Dreyer, Michal Ostrowski, J.-P. Lenain, Hugh Spackman, Stefan Funk, Alicja Wierzcholska, Ramin Marx, M. Panter, U. Katz, Faical Ait-Benkhali, G. Peron, Garret Cotter, Sébastien Le Stum, Zhiqiu Huang, D. A. Prokhorov, K. Kosack, P. T. O'Brien, Atreyee Sinha, Laura Olivera-Nieto, A. Yusafzai, Nukri Komin, Tom Armstrong, David Sanchez, Werner Hofmann, L. Giunti, Michelle Tsirou, Francois Brun, P. Vincent, Heiko Salzmann, Celine Armand, M.-H. Grondin, German Hermann, and Paul Morris
Subjects: Physics, Brightness, Active galactic nucleus, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Flux, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Viewing angle, Variable (computer science), symbols.namesake, symbols, Spectral energy distribution, Blazar, Doppler effect, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract: The majority of the active galactic nuclei (AGN) detected at very-high-energies above 100 GeV belong to the class of blazars with a small angle between the jet-axis and the line-of-sight. Only about 10 percent of the gamma-ray AGN are objects with a larger viewing angle resulting in a smaller Doppler boosting of the emission. Originally, it was believed that gamma-ray emission can only be observed from blazars and those are variable in its brightness. Instead, the last years have shown that non-blazar active galaxies also show a fascinating variability behaviour which provide important new insights into the physical processes responsible for the gamma-ray production and especially for flaring events. Here, we report on the observation of gamma-ray variability of the active galaxy PKS 0625−354 detected with the H.E.S.S. telescopes in November 2018. The classification of PKS 0625−354 is a still matter of debate. The H.E.S.S. measurements were performed as part of a flux observing program and showed in the first night of the observation a detection of the object with > 5σ. A denser observation campaign followed for the next nine nights resulting in a decrease of the gamma-ray flux. Those observations were accompanied with Swift in the X-ray and UV/optical band allowing for the reconstruction of a multi-band broad-band spectral energy distribution. We will discuss the implications of the gamma-ray variability of the object.
Published: 2021

19. Search for dark matter annihilation towards the inner Milky Way halo with the H.E.S.S. Inner Galaxy Survey

Author: Clemens Hoischen, A. A. Zdziarski, Robert Brose, Johann van der Walt, Halim Ashkar, Fabian Leuschner, Stefan Ohm, L. Giunti, Albert Seyffert, Davit Zargaryan, Stefan Klepser, Alessandro Montanari, K. Nakashima, Gaëtan Fichet de Clairfontaine, Sabrina Einecke, Axel Donath, A. W. Chen, Iryna Lypova, K. Bernloehr, Heinrich J. Völk, Yvonne Becherini, Stefano Gabici, Michelle Tsirou, Anna Luashvili, Vikas Joshi, J. Bolmont, Fabian Schüssler, M.-H. Grondin, Emmanuel Moulin, Andreas Specovius, Kleopas Shiningayamwe, Anne Lemiere, B. Rudak, Lott Frans, Michael Punch, Edna Ruiz Velasco, Sylvia Zhu, P. J. Meintjes, David Berge, Michael Backes, Matthieu Renaud, German Hermann, Paul Morris, Kathrin Egberts, Constantin Steppa, Tadayuki Takahashi, Laenita Lorraine Oberholzer, Tim Holch, Lukasz Stawarz, Louis Du Plessis, Naomi Tsuji, V. Poireau, Jimmy N.S. Shapopi, Victor Doroshenko, Yu Wun Wong, Emma Ona-Wilhelmi, Riaan Steenkamp, E. Kasai, G. Lamanna, Ullrich Schwanke, Gerard Fontaine, Jim Hinton, Victor Barbosa Martins, Thomas Lohse, Frank M. Rieger, Hester Schutte, Carlo van Rensburg, Francois Brun, P. Vincent, Heiko Salzmann, Mathieu Bony, Oguzhan Anguener, Kirsty Feijen, S. Sailer, Dmitry Khangulyan, Charles Thorpe-Morgan, Ramin Marx, Dmitriy Kostunin, M. Panter, U. Katz, Jean Damascene Mbarubucyeye, Wlodek Kluzniak, Jaqueline Catalano, R. Konno, Hector Rueda Ricarte, T. Chand, Samuel Zouari, P. T. O'Brien, M. Hörbe, Celine Armand, Andreas Quirrenbach, Guillem Marti'i-Devesa, Faical Ait-Benkhali, Andrew Taylor, G. Vasileiadis, Vincent Marandon, Brian van Soelen, Marek Jamrozy, Hannes Thiersen, Dieter Horns, Hassan Abdalla, Thomas Bylund, Rowan Batzofin, Sébastien Le Stum, Thomas Tavernier, Gilles Maurin, Floriane Cangemi, Helene Sol, Christian Stegmann, Jacques Muller, Vardan Baghmanyan, Johannes Schaefer, J. F. Glicenstein, Anu Kundu, Stefan Wagner, Andreas Zech, Yasunobu Uchiyama, Monica Barnard, L. Mohrmann, Arache Djannati-Ataï, C. Levy, Atreyee Sinha, Bruno Khelifi, Michal Ostrowski, J.-P. Lenain, Hugh Spackman, Michael Zacharias, Regis Terrier, Hannah Dalgleish, P. Reichherzer, Andreas Zmija, Gianluca Giavitto, Jacek Niemiec, M. Lemoine-Goumard, Paolo Marchegiani, Markus Holler, Carlo Romoli, Isak Delberth Davids, Stefan Funk, Alicja Wierzcholska, Olaf Reimer, Q. Remy, Felix Jankowsky, Michael Kreter, Anna Barnacka, Brian Reville, Connor Duffy, A. Fiasson, Roberta Zanin, Thomas Murach, Heike Prokoph, James Davies, Sumari Hattingh, Felix Aharonian, Richard White, Angel Noel, M. Fuessling, R. J. Tuffs, B. Bi, Christo Venter, Takaaki Tanaka, D. Malyshev, Jonathan Mackey, Jacco Vink, Ira Jung, Sebastian Panny, Alison Mitchell, Anita Reimer, David Huber, Sabrina Casanova, Marion Spir-Jacob, Mischa Breuhaus, Pauline Chambery, Gerd Puehlhofer, C. Arcaro, C. Moore, Jhilik Majumdar, Lei Sun, Santiago Pita, Hambeleleni Ndiyavala, S. Steinmassl, Sami Caroff, Anton Dmytriiev, Dorit Glawion, G. Peron, Garret Cotter, Alexandre Marcowith, Felix Werner, Amid Nayerhoda, Manami Sasaki, Tomasz Bulik, Zhiqiu Huang, Malgorzata Curlo, Maria Haupt, Andrea Santangelo, Arnaud Mares, Lente Dreyer, D. A. Prokhorov, K. Kosack, V. Sahakian, Gavin Rowell, Jean-Pierre Ernenwein, N. Zywucka, Denys Malyshev, Markus Boettcher, Yves Gallant, Christopher van Eldik, Rafal Moderski, Johannes Veh, Samuel Timothy Spencer, Mohanraj Senniappan, Rachel Simoni, Dan Parsons, Krzysztof Katarzynski, Catherine Boisson, Justine Devin, Lenka Tomankova, Martin Tluczykont, Gašper Kukec Mezek, Hend Yassin, Manuel Meyer, Mathieu Naurois, Jason John Watson, S. J. Fegan, Nukri Komin, Tom Armstrong, David Sanchez, Werner Hofmann, Laura Olivera-Nieto, and A. Yusafzai
Subjects: Physics, Annihilation, WIMP, Milky Way, Weakly interacting massive particles, media_common.quotation_subject, Dark matter, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Halo, Astrophysics, Galaxy, Universe, media_common
Abstract: The presence of dark matter (DM) is suggested by a wealth of astrophysical and cosmological measurements. However, its underlying nature is yet unknown. Among the most promising candidates are weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs): particles with mass and coupling strength at the electroweak scale and thermally produced in the early universe have a present relic density consistent with that observed today. WIMP self-annihilation would produce Standard Model particles including gamma-rays, which have been long-time recognized as a prime messenger to indirectly detect dark matter signals. The centre of the Milky Way is predicted as the brightest source of DM annihilations. The H.E.S.S. collaboration is currently performing a survey of the inner region of the Milky Way, the Inner Galaxy Survey (IGS), intended to achieve the best sensitivity to faint and diffuse emissions in a region of several degrees around the Galactic Centre. We analyzed 2014-2020 observations taken with the five-telescope array to search for a DM annihilation signal. With the current dataset of about 550 hours, we found no significant excess and therefore derived strong constraints on the velocity-weighted annihilation cross-section. TeV thermal WIMPs can be probed in different annihilation channels.
Published: 2021

20. Modelling uncertainties in GeV - TeV flux predictions of Galactic globular clusters

Author: Christo Venter, Hambeleleni Davids, Michael Backes, and A. Kopp
Subjects: Physics, Globular cluster, Flux, Astrophysics
Published: 2021

21. Modeling Very-High-Energy Emission from Pulsars

Author: Alice K. Harding, Constantinos Kalapotharakos, and Christo Venter
Subjects: Physics, Pulsar, law, Millisecond pulsar, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Synchrotron radiation, Astrophysics, MAGIC (telescope), Vela, Spectral line, Synchrotron, Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope, law.invention
Abstract: Ground-based Air-Cherenkov telescopes have detected pulsations at energies above 50 GeV from a growing number of {\sl Fermi} pulsars. These include the Crab, Vela, PSR~B1706-44 and Geminga pulsar, with the first two having pulsed detections above 1 TeV. In some cases, there appears to be very-high-energy (VHE) emission that is an extension of the {\sl Fermi} spectra to higher energies, while in other cases, additional higher-energy spectral components that require a separate emission mechanism may be present. We will present results of broadband spectral modeling using global magnetosphere fields and multiple emission mechanisms that include synchro-curvature (SC) and inverse Compton scattered (ICS) radiation from accelerated particles (primaries) and synchrotron self-Compton (SSC) emission from lower-energy pairs. Our models predict three distinct VHE components: SC from primaries whose high-energy tail can extend to 100 GeV, SSC from pairs that can extend to several TeV and ICS from primary particles accelerated in the current sheet, scattering pair synchrotron radiation, that appears beyond 10 TeV. Model spectra show a wide range of VHE flux, with detectable pair SSC and primary ICS components expected for Crab-like pulsars and some millisecond pulsars but only a primary ICS component for Vela. Our models suggest that H.E.S.S.-II and MAGIC have detected the high-energy tail of the primary SC component that produces the {\sl Fermi} spectrum in Vela, Geminga and PSR B1706$-$44. We argue that the ICS component peaking above 10 TeV from Vela has been seen by H.E.S.S. Detection of this emission component from the Crab and other pulsars is possible with HAWC and CTA, and directly measures the maximum particle energy in pulsars.
Published: 2021

22. Revealing x-ray and gamma ray temporal and spectral similarities in the GRB 190829A afterglow

Author: K. Egberts, Davit Zargaryan, Axel Donath, A. W. Chen, G. Pühlhofer, M. de Bony de Lavergne, V. Poireau, P. T. O'Brien, P. A. Evans, Riaan Steenkamp, A. Lemiere, F. Eichhorn, Nu. Komin, J. Schäfer, Włodek Kluźniak, A. S. Seyffert, N. Shafi, Natalia Żywucka, Sebastian Panny, R. J. White, Domenico Tiziani, D. Malyshev, T. Chand, Jhilik Majumdar, V. Baghmanyan, Clemens Hoischen, A. A. Zdziarski, Jacco Vink, Alison Mitchell, Joachim Hahn, M. Füßling, C. van Eldik, J.F. Glicenstein, Lei Sun, P. Reichherzer, Jim Davies, A. Carosi, Zorawar Wadiasingh, Q. Remy, Anna Barnacka, A. Djannati-Ataï, A. Montanari, E. Moulin, M. de Naurois, Alexandre Marcowith, Arnaud Mares, Christoph Deil, Sabrina Casanova, Christo Venter, G. Peron, Garret Cotter, M. Hörbe, Dmitriy Kostunin, E. Ruiz-Velasco, Mohanraj Senniappan, Thomas Bylund, E. O. Angüner, S. Raab, Tadayuki Takahashi, F. Brun, R. J. Tuffs, B. Bi, H. Prokoph, C. van Rensburg, A. Zech, J. Muller, Monica Barnard, B. Peyaud, Kirsty Feijen, R. Rauth, Pierre Brun, Victor Doroshenko, Michael Punch, E. Kasai, Konrad Bernlöhr, M. Curyło, Stefano Gabici, Gianluca Giavitto, Frank M. Rieger, Michael Backes, Stefan Klepser, J.-P. Ernenwein, A. Dmytriiev, Mischa Breuhaus, J. Dyks, G. Emery, L. Olivera-Nieto, Tim Holch, S. Fegan, Samuel Zouari, M.-H. Grondin, L. Mohrmann, Stefan Ohm, I. Jung-Richardt, Markus Böttcher, K. Kosack, A. Reimer, G. Hermann, Marek Jamrozy, Regis Terrier, S. Pita, Markus Holler, Felix Jankowsky, Armelle Jardin-Blicq, E. de Ona Wilhelmi, A.M. Taylor, Carlo Romoli, J. Damascene Mbarubucyeye, Hester Schutte, Dieter Horns, Jonathan Mackey, Tom Armstrong, Helene Sol, Sylvia Zhu, P. J. Meintjes, Hambeleleni Ndiyavala, G. Fontaine, H. Odaka, Felix Aharonian, V. Barbosa Martins, Andreas Specovius, Michal Ostrowski, Johannes Veh, D. J. van der Walt, Yu Wun Wong, L. Oakes, C. Moore, J. Bolmont, D. Jankowsky, M. Seglar-Arroyo, Paolo Marchegiani, Rachel Simoni, R. Marx, S. Steinmassl, D. Glawion, Łukasz Stawarz, Manuel Meyer, Tomasz Bulik, Lente Dreyer, Andreas Quirrenbach, Sabrina Einecke, Iryna Lypova, Constantin Steppa, D. A. Prokhorov, M. Zacharias, Christopher J. Duffy, A. Wierzcholska, M. Tluczykont, Christian Stegmann, Stefan Wagner, Yasunobu Uchiyama, F. Schüssler, Yvonne Becherini, Jimmy N.S. Shapopi, C. Levy, Werner Hofmann, G. Lamanna, M. A. Kastendieck, James E. M. Watson, Ullrich Schwanke, G. Vasileiadis, Isak Delberth Davids, Misao Sasaki, Bruno Khelifi, M. Büchele, M. Lemoine-Goumard, J. Zorn, Elisabetta Bissaldi, Roberta Zanin, F. Ait Benkhali, L. Rinchiuso, M. Scalici, Y. A. Gallant, J. Devin, Jim Hinton, D. Berge, V. Sahakian, F. Werner, Andrea Santangelo, Stefan Funk, S. Sailer, Dmitry Khangulyan, Michael Kreter, Jacek Niemiec, D. A. Sanchez, A. Priyana Noel, C. Arcaro, Fabian Leuschner, J. H. E. Thiersen, M. Panter, U. Katz, K. Nakashima, Olaf Reimer, G. Martí-Devesa, H. Ashkar, Q. Piel, P. Morris, Gavin Rowell, M. Bryan, Kleopas Shiningayamwe, A. Yusafzai, Thomas Murach, G. Maurin, Maria Haupt, Heinrich J. Völk, M. Renaud, R. D. Parsons, Samuel Timothy Spencer, Lenka Tomankova, T. Tam, G. Fichet de Clairfontaine, A. Sinha, J.-P. Lenain, D. Huber, Rafal Moderski, S. Caroff, B. van Soelen, S. Chandra, R. Konno, L. Dirson, M. Tsirou, B. Rudak, V. Joshi, Thomas Lohse, L. Giunti, A. Nayerhoda, Hassan Abdalla, A. Fiasson, M. Spir-Jacob, V. Marandon, K. Katarzyński, P. Vincent, T. Tavernier, K. L. Page, Heiko Salzmann, Celine Armand, Catherine Boisson, Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille (CPPM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Laboratoire Univers et Théories (LUTH (UMR_8102)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE (UMR_7585)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet (LLR), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier (LUPM), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Etudes Nucléaires de Bordeaux Gradignan (CENBG), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), H.E.S.S., Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Gravitation and Astroparticle Physics Amsterdam, High Energy Astrophys. & Astropart. Phys (API, FNWI), H.E.S.S. Collaboration, and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)
Subjects: Photon, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, gamma ray: burst, 01 natural sciences, Luminosity, HESS, 0103 physical sciences, High Energy Stereoscopic System, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, energy: high, Multidisciplinary, X-ray: energy spectrum, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, photon, Gamma ray, trigger, Light curve, redshift, Redshift, Afterglow, collapse, gamma ray: VHE, HESS - Abteilung Hinton, spectral, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Gamma-ray burst, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], absorption
Abstract: An intrinsic gamma-ray burst afterglow Long gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are emitted by relativistic jets generated during the collapse of a massive star in a distant galaxy. The GRB itself lasts only a few seconds but is followed by an afterglow that can persist for hours or days. The H.E.S.S. Collaboration observed the afterglow of GRB 190829A, a nearby long GRB. The proximity of this burst allowed it to be detected at tera–electron volt energies that would otherwise be absorbed in the intergalactic medium. By analyzing the spectrum and light curve at x-ray and gamma-ray wavelengths, the authors show that the afterglow cannot be explained by standard models. Science , abe8560, this issue p. 1081
Published: 2021

23. Deep observations of Kepler's SNR with H.E.S.S

Author: Jason John Watson, Kleopas Shiningayamwe, Edna Ruiz Velasco, Lenka Tomankova, Martin Tluczykont, Gašper Kukec Mezek, Hend Yassin, Manuel Meyer, Mathieu Naurois, Anton Dmytriiev, Manami Sasaki, Riaan Steenkamp, Andrea Santangelo, T. Chand, Gilles Maurin, J. F. Glicenstein, Jhilik Majumdar, Johannes Schaefer, Christian Stegmann, Stefan Wagner, Andreas Zech, Yasunobu Uchiyama, Bruno Khelifi, Anu Kundu, Hector Rueda Ricarte, Davit Zargaryan, Jacek Niemiec, L. Mohrmann, Arache Djannati-Ataï, Albert Seyffert, V. Sahakian, Anna Barnacka, P. Reichherzer, Gaëtan Fichet de Clairfontaine, Axel Donath, A. W. Chen, Ira Jung, Olaf Reimer, G. Peron, Christo Venter, Garret Cotter, Sebastian Panny, K. Nakashima, K. Bernloehr, Isak Delberth Davids, Victor Barbosa Martins, A. Fiasson, Roberta Zanin, Yves Gallant, Fabian Schüssler, Michael Backes, Heinrich J. Völk, Gerd Puehlhofer, Lei Sun, Thomas Murach, Jean-Pierre Ernenwein, Emmanuel Moulin, G. Lamanna, V. Poireau, Jimmy N.S. Shapopi, Alexandre Marcowith, Felix Werner, Laenita Lorraine Oberholzer, Tim Holch, Naomi Tsuji, Carlo van Rensburg, Zhiqiu Huang, D. A. Prokhorov, K. Kosack, Tadayuki Takahashi, Markus Holler, Q. Remy, Felix Jankowsky, Victor Doroshenko, Felix Aharonian, Johannes Veh, Gerard Fontaine, E. Kasai, G. Vasileiadis, M.-H. Grondin, Anne Lemiere, Floriane Cangemi, Arnaud Mares, Samuel Zouari, Denys Malyshev, Alison Mitchell, Samuel Timothy Spencer, Hester Schutte, Stefan Klepser, Andreas Specovius, Alessandro Montanari, Andreas Zmija, Clemens Hoischen, A. A. Zdziarski, M. Lemoine-Goumard, Emma Ona-Wilhelmi, Yu Wun Wong, Stefan Ohm, Dan Parsons, Johann van der Walt, Vikas Joshi, Brian Reville, Connor Duffy, Michael Kreter, Gianluca Giavitto, D. Malyshev, Thomas Lohse, Mohanraj Senniappan, James Davies, Vincent Marandon, Hannes Thiersen, R. J. Tuffs, Hannah Dalgleish, Vardan Baghmanyan, P. T. O'Brien, Stefano Gabici, Thomas Bylund, Krzysztof Katarzynski, Michal Ostrowski, B. Bi, J.-P. Lenain, Catherine Boisson, Hugh Spackman, Michael Punch, Lukasz Stawarz, Sumari Hattingh, Monica Barnard, Jaqueline Catalano, Takaaki Tanaka, Rowan Batzofin, Mischa Breuhaus, Pauline Chambery, Stefan Funk, Alicja Wierzcholska, R. Konno, Ramin Marx, M. Panter, Anna Luashvili, Justine Devin, J. Bolmont, U. Katz, Francois Brun, Richard White, Jacques Muller, Andrew Taylor, P. Vincent, N. Zywucka, Andreas Quirrenbach, Laura Olivera-Nieto, A. Yusafzai, Dieter Horns, Guillem Marti'i-Devesa, Hassan Abdalla, Heiko Salzmann, Jacco Vink, Mathieu Bony, Oguzhan Anguener, Michael Zacharias, Celine Armand, Atreyee Sinha, Marek Jamrozy, Kirsty Feijen, Faical Ait-Benkhali, Lott Frans, Robert Brose, Santiago Pita, Hambeleleni Ndiyavala, L. Giunti, David Huber, German Hermann, Paul Morris, M. Hörbe, Helene Sol, Sabrina Casanova, Jim Hinton, S. Sailer, Dmitry Khangulyan, Charles Thorpe-Morgan, Sébastien Le Stum, Paolo Marchegiani, Michelle Tsirou, Constantin Steppa, Halim Ashkar, Fabian Leuschner, Ullrich Schwanke, C. Arcaro, Jean Damascene Mbarubucyeye, Wlodek Kluzniak, Gavin Rowell, Regis Terrier, B. Rudak, Carlo Romoli, Kathrin Egberts, Nukri Komin, Tom Armstrong, Frank M. Rieger, Matthieu Renaud, M. Fuessling, David Sanchez, Heike Prokoph, C. Levy, S. Steinmassl, Sami Caroff, Werner Hofmann, Marion Spir-Jacob, S. J. Fegan, Amid Nayerhoda, Sylvia Zhu, P. J. Meintjes, David Berge, Maria Haupt, Christopher van Eldik, Rafal Moderski, Dmitriy Kostunin, Brian van Soelen, Thomas Tavernier, Markus Boettcher, Sabrina Einecke, Iryna Lypova, Anita Reimer, Yvonne Becherini, Rachel Simoni, Angel Noel, Jonathan Mackey, C. Moore, Dorit Glawion, Tomasz Bulik, Malgorzata Curlo, Lente Dreyer, Louis Du Plessis, Naurois , Mathieu, Ona-Wilhelmi , Emma, and Bony , Mathieu
Subjects: Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, atmosphere [Cherenkov counter], VHE [gamma ray], IACT, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Cherenkov counter: atmosphere, Kepler, HESS, supernova, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, ddc:530, High Energy Stereoscopic System, cosmic radiation: acceleration, Supernova remnant, Cherenkov radiation, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Physics, energy: high, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, imaging, Galaxy, Cassiopeia A, Supernova, gamma ray: VHE, high [energy], acceleration [cosmic radiation], galaxy
Abstract: 37th International Cosmic Ray Conference, ICRC 2021, Berlin, online, Germany, 12 Jul 2021 - 23 Jul 2021; Proceedings of Science / International School for Advanced Studies (ICRC2021), 805 (2021). doi:10.22323/1.395.0805, Kepler��s supernova remnant (SNR) which is produced by the most recent naked-eye supernova in our Galaxy is one of the best studied SNRs, but its gamma-ray detection has eluded us so far. Observations with modern imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes (IACT) have enlarged the knowledge about nearby SNRs with ages younger than 500 years by establishing Cassiopeia A and Tycho��s SNRs as very high energy (VHE) gamma-ray sources and setting a lower limit on the distance to Kepler��s SNR. This SNR is significantly more distant than the other two and expected to be one of the faintest gamma-ray sources within reach of the IACT arrays of this generation. We report strong evidence for a VHE signal from Kepler��s SNR based on deep observations of the High Energy Stereoscopic System (H.E.S.S.) with an exposure of 152 hours, including 122 hours accumulated in 2017-2020. We further discuss implications of this result for cosmic-ray acceleration in young SNRs., Published by SISSA, Trieste
Published: 2021

24. Radio pulsations from the gamma-ray millisecond pulsar PSR J2039-5617

Author: C. J. Clark, Alessandro Ridolfi, A. De Luca, Andrea Belfiore, Christo Venter, M. Burgay, A. Possenti, A. S. Seyffert, Alessandro Corongiu, Zorawar Wadiasingh, L. Nieder, Roberto Mignani, ITA, USA, GBR, DEU, POL, and ZAF
Subjects: Physics, Millisecond, Electron density, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Light curve, 01 natural sciences, Orbital inclination, Radio telescope, Orbit, Pulsar, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, Millisecond pulsar, 0103 physical sciences, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract: The predicted nature of the candidate redback pulsar 3FGL\,J2039.6$-$5618 was recently confirmed by the discovery of $\gamma$-ray millisecond pulsations (Clark et al. 2020, hereafter Paper\,I), which identify this $\gamma$-ray source as \msp. We observed this object with the Parkes radio telescope in 2016 and 2019. We detect radio pulsations at 1.4\,GHz and 3.1\,GHz, at the 2.6ms period discovered in $\gamma$-rays, and also at 0.7\,GHz in one 2015 archival observation. In all bands, the radio pulse profile is characterised by a single relatively broad peak which leads the main $\gamma$-ray peak. At 1.4\,GHz we found clear evidence of eclipses of the radio signal for about half of the orbit, a characteristic phenomenon in redback systems, which we associate with the presence of intra-binary gas. From the dispersion measure of $24.57\pm0.03$\,pc\,cm$^{-3}$ we derive a pulsar distance of $0.9\pm 0.2$\,kpc or $1.7\pm0.7$\,kpc, depending on the assumed Galactic electron density model. The modelling of the radio and $\gamma$-ray light curves leads to an independent determination of the orbital inclination, and to a determination of the pulsar mass, qualitatively consistent to the results in Paper\,I., Comment: 18 pages, accepted for publication on MNRAS
Published: 2021

25. Very-High-Energy Emission From Pulsars

Author: Constantinos Kalapotharakos, Alice Harding, and Christo Venter
Subjects: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: Air-Cherenkov telescopes have detected pulsations at energies above 50 GeV from a growing number of Fermi pulsars. These include the Crab, Vela, PSR B1706-44 and Geminga, with the first two having pulsed detections above 1 TeV. In some cases, there appears to be very-high-energy (VHE) emission that is an extension of the Fermi spectra to high energies, while in other cases, additional higher-energy spectral components that require a separate emission mechanism may be present. We present results of broad-band spectral modeling using global magnetosphere fields and multiple emission mechanisms that include synchro-curvature (SC) and inverse Compton scattered (ICS) radiation from accelerated particles (primaries) and synchrotron-self Compton (SSC) emission from lower-energy pairs. Our models predict three distinct VHE components: SC from primaries whose high-energy tail can extend to 100 GeV, SSC from pairs that can extend to several TeV and ICS from primary particles accelerated in the current sheet, scattering pair synchrotron radiation, that appears beyond 10 TeV. Our models suggest that H.E.S.S.-II and MAGIC have detected the high-energy tail of the primary SC component that produces the Fermi spectrum in Vela, Geminga and PSR B1706-44. We argue that the ICS component peaking above 10 TeV from Vela has been seen by H.E.S.S. Detection of this emission component from the Crab and other pulsars is possible with HAWC and CTA, and directly measures the maximum particle energy in pulsars., Comment: 28 pages, 14 figures, accepted for publication in Astrophysical Journal
Published: 2021
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26. The young massive stellar cluster Westerlund 1 in gamma rays as seen with H.E.S.S

Author: Lars Mohrmann, Hassan Abdalla, Felix Aharonian, Faical Ait-Benkhali, Oguzhan Anguener, Cornelia Arcaro, Celine Armand, Tom Armstrong, Halim Ashkar, Michael Backes, Vardan Baghmanyan, Victor Barbosa Martins, Anna Barnacka, Monica Barnard, Rowan William Batzofin, Yvonne Becherini, David Berge, Konrad Bernloehr, Baiyang Bi, Markus Böttcher, Catherine Boisson, Julien Bolmont, Mathieu Bony (de), Mischa Breuhaus, Robert Brose, Francois Brun, Tomasz Bulik, Thomas Bylund, Floriane Cangemi, Sami Caroff, Sabrina Casanova, Jaqueline Catalano, Pauline Chambery, Tej Bahadur Chand, Andrew Chen, Garret Cotter, Malgorzata Curlo, Hannah Dalgleish, Jean Damascene Mbarubucyeye, Isak Delberth Davids, James Davies, Justine Devin, Arache Djannati-Ataï, Anton Dmytriev, Axel Donath, Victor Doroshenko, Lente Dreyer, Louis Du Plessis, Connor Duffy, Kathrin Egberts, Sabrina Einecke, Jean-Pierre ERNENWEIN, Steven Fegan, Kirsty Feijen, Armand Fiasson, Gaëtan Fichet de Clairfontaine, Gerard Fontaine, Lott Frans, Matthias Fuessling, Stefan Funk, Stefano Gabici, Yves Gallant, Gianluca Giavitto, Luca Giunti, Dorit Glawion, Jean-Francois Glicenstein, Marie-Hélène Grondin, Sumari Hattingh, Maria Haupt, German HERMANN, Jim Hinton, Werner Hofmann, Clemens Hoischen, Tim Holch, Markus Holler, Dieter Horns, Zhi-Qiu Huang, David Huber, Mario Hörbe, Marek Jamrozy, Felix Jankowsky, Vikas Joshi, Ira JUNG, Eli Kasai, Krzysztof Katarzynski, Ulì Katz, Dmitry Khangulyan, Bruno Khelifi, Stefan Klepser, Wlodek Kluzniak, Nukri Komin, Ruslan Konno, Karl Kosack, Dmitriy Kostunin, Michael Kreter, Gašper Kukec Mezek, Anu Kundu, Giovanni Lamanna, Sebastien Le Stum, Anne Lemiere, Marianne Lemoine-Goumard, Jean-Philippe Lenain, Fabian Leuschner, Christelle Levy, Thomas Lohse, Anna Luashvili, Iryna Lypova, Jonathan Mackey, Jhilik Majumdar, Denys Malyshev, Dmitry Malyshev, Vincent Marandon, Paolo Marchegiani, Alexandre Marcowith, Arnaud Mares, Guillem Martí-Devesa, Ramin Marx, Gilles Maurin, Pieter Meintjes, Manuel Meyer, Alison Mitchell, Rafal Moderski, Alessandro Montanari, Chris Moore, Paul Morris, Emmanuel Moulin, Jacques Muller, Thomas Murach, Kaori Nakashima, Mathieu Naurois (de), Amid Nayerhoda, Hambeleleni Davids, Jacek Niemiec, Angel Noel, Paul O'Brien, Laenita Lorraine Oberholzer, Stefan Ohm, Laura Olivera-Nieto, Emma Ona-Wilhelmi (de), Michal Ostrowski, Sebastian Panny, Michael Panter, Dan Parsons, Giada Peron, Santiago Pita, Vincent Poireau, Dmitry A Prokhorov, Heike Prokoph, Gerd PUEHLHOFER, Michael Punch, Andreas Quirrenbach, Romed Rauth, Patrick Reichherzer, Anita Reimer, Olaf Reimer, Quentin Remy, Matthieu Renaud, Brian Reville, Frank Rieger, Carlo Romoli, Gavin P Rowell, Bronislaw Rudak, Hector Rueda Ricarte, Edna Ruiz Velasco, Vardan Sahakian, Simon Sailer, Heiko Salzmann, David Sanchez, Andrea Santangelo, Manami Sasaki, Johannes Schaefer, Hester Schutte, Ullrich Schwanke, Fabian Schüssler, Mohanraj Senniappan, Albert Seyffert, Jimmy N.S. Shapopi, Kleopas Shiningayamwe, Rachel Simoni, Atreyee Sinha, Helene Sol, Hugh Spackman, Andreas Specovius, Samuel Timothy Spencer, Marion Spir-Jacob, Lukasz Stawarz, Riaan Steenkamp, Christian Stegmann, Simon Steinmassl, Constantin Steppa, Lei Sun, Tadayuki Takahashi, Takaaki Tanaka, Thomas Tavernier, Andrew Taylor, Regis Terrier, Hannes Thiersen, Charles Thorpe-Morgan, Martin Tluczykont, Lenka Tomankova, Michelle Tsirou, Naomi Tsuji, Richard Tuffs, Yasunobu Uchiyama, Johann van der Walt, Christopher van Eldik, Carlo van Rensburg, Brian van Soelen, George Vasileiadis, Johannes Veh, Christo Venter, Pascal Vincent, Jacco Vink, Heinrich J. Völk, Stefan Wagner, Jason John Watson, Felix Werner, Richard White, Alicja Wierzcholska, Yu Wun Wong, Hend Mahmoud Yassin, Anke Yusafzai, Michael Zacharias, Roberta Zanin, Davit Zargaryan, Andrzej Zdziarski, Andreas Zech, Sylvia Zhu, Andreas Zmija, Samuel Zouari, Natalia Żywucka, Naurois , Mathieu, Ona-Wilhelmi , Emma, and Bony , Mathieu
Subjects: Physics, Milky Way, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Hadron, Gamma ray, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Likelihood analysis, Energy spectrum, Cluster (physics), ddc:530, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract: 37th International Cosmic Ray Conference, ICRC 2021, Berlin, online, Germany, 12 Jul 2021 - 23 Jul 2021; Proceedings of Science / International School for Advanced Studies (ICRC2021), 789 (2021). doi:10.22323/1.395.0789, Massive stellar clusters have recently been hypothesised as candidates for the acceleration of hadronic cosmic rays up to PeV energies. Previously, the H.E.S.S. Collaboration has reported about very extended $\gamma$-ray emission around Westerlund 1, a massive young stellar cluster in the Milky Way. In this contribution we present an updated analysis that employs a new analysis technique and is based on a much larger data set, allowing us to constrain better the morphology and the energy spectrum of the emission. The analysis technique used is a three-dimensional likelihood analysis, which is especially well suited for largely extended sources. The origin of the $\gamma$-ray emission will be discussed in light of multi-wavelength observations., Published by SISSA, Trieste
Published: 2021

27. H.e.s.s. And magic observations of a sudden cessation of a very-high-energy γ -ray flare in PKS 1510-089 in May 2016

Author: A. Yusafzai, J. van Scherpenberg, M. Büchele, B. Boccardi, S. Caroff, S. J. Fegan, Daniela Dorner, T. Schweizer, Mosè Mariotti, Gaia Vanzo, Tom Armstrong, Nu. Komin, Pratik Majumdar, M. V. Fonseca, Matteo Cerruti, A. Lemiere, F. Eichhorn, J. Devin, C. Trichard, Michael Punch, Stefano Gabici, M. Palatiello, V. A. Acciari, F. Schüssler, Sylvia Zhu, P. J. Meintjes, Werner Hofmann, Samuel Timothy Spencer, Y. Kajiwara, J. Zorn, D. Dominis Prester, S. Bonnefoy, Constantin Steppa, G. Maurin, Adrian Biland, J. M. Paredes, Antonio Stamerra, U. Barres de Almeida, Tadayuki Takahashi, Damir Lelas, Victor Doroshenko, Davide Depaoli, Dmitriy Kostunin, R. Mirzoyan, T. Surić, D. Gottschall, M. Füßling, Moritz Hütten, Lea Heckmann, M. Gaug, J. Herrera, Ullrich Schwanke, C. Arcaro, H. Abdalla, Lorenzo Bellizzi, Thomas P. Krichbaum, Francesco Dazzi, John Hoang, Martin Will, Dominik Baack, L. Maraschi, Elina Lindfors, M. A. Kastendieck, R. Rauth, V. Baghmanyan, D. Ninci, Koji Noda, Michael Backes, S. Raab, Sanae Inoue, Giacomo D'Amico, Manuel Meyer, Q. Remy, L. Olivera-Nieto, Dorota Sobczyńska, Elisa Bernardini, M. Filipovic, Riaan Steenkamp, Davit Zargaryan, Hambeleleni Ndiyavala, Stefan Klepser, G. Vasileiadis, G. Lamanna, S. G. Jorstad, Daniel Mazin, Jacek Niemiec, Kirsty Feijen, Alessandro Montanari, Tim Holch, Seiya Nozaki, Anna Barnacka, M. Hörbe, Giacomo Bonnoli, D. Strom, T. Tavernier, Takeshi Oka, Axel Donath, J. Rico, A. W. Chen, J. Dyks, T. Chand, Jim Hinton, F. Niederwanger, Olaf Reimer, Daniel Kerszberg, Manuel Delfino, Krzysztof Katarzynski, Ivica Puljak, S. Sailer, Dmitry Khangulyan, Christian Fruck, Gavin Rowell, D. A. Sanchez, Maria Haupt, Julian Sitarek, Alan P. Marscher, Stefano Truzzi, Pablo Peñil, E. O. Angüner, Catherine Boisson, S. Ventura, Dieter Horns, M. Bryan, V. Barbosa Martins, L. Sun, Rachel Simoni, Gerard Fontaine, Jacco Vink, P. Reichherzer, Jim Davies, G. Hermann, Regis Terrier, Clemens Hoischen, A. A. Zdziarski, G. Ferrara, Francois Brun, G. Emery, M. de Bony de Lavergne, P. Vincent, Kyoshi Nishijima, Alessandra Lamastra, G. Fichet de Clairfontaine, E. de Oña Wilhelmi, P. Munar-Adrover, Yoshiki Ohtani, Carlo Romoli, Jordi Delgado, Wrijupan Bhattacharyya, L. Di Venere, D. Zarić, Zorawar Wadiasingh, F. Di Pierro, Ž. Bošnjak, Hester Schutte, Isak Delberth Davids, Roberta Zanin, Karl Mannheim, M. Strzys, Łukasz Stawarz, R. J. Tuffs, V. Fallah Ramazani, B. Bi, Marc Ribó, Sabrina Casanova, H. Prokoph, A. Carosi, Stefano Covino, D. J. van der Walt, Thomas Murach, Yating Chai, Saša Mićanović, Jae-Young Kim, V. Vitale, Francesco Longo, R. Konno, Alicia Fattorini, Narek Sahakyan, Y. A. Gallant, R. J. García López, Junko Kushida, Jürgen Besenrieder, Dario Hrupec, P. Da Vela, S. Steinmassl, P. G. Prada Moroni, Jonathan Mackey, Rafal Moderski, Stefan Cikota, Hidetoshi Kubo, Armelle Jardin-Blicq, Monica Barnard, J. Otero-Santos, Mischa Breuhaus, J. Becerra González, Yu. W. Wong, V. Joshi, Samuel Zouari, N. Shafi, Natalia Żywucka, E. Prandini, M. A. Lopez, Gianluca Giavitto, Katsuaki Asano, Mitsunari Takahashi, T. Vuillaume, M. Curyło, P. Morris, K. Egberts, Stefano Ansoldi, M. de Naurois, Pawel Gliwny, L. Pavletić, C. Moore, Alessia Spolon, M. Vazquez Acosta, D. Elsaesser, Tomoki Saito, Giovanni Ceribella, Riccardo Paoletti, Celine Armand, Jhilik Majumdar, Stefan Ohm, G. Busetto, Léa Jouvin, Ana Babić, Frank M. Rieger, A. Dmytriiev, Dorit Glawion, Z. R. Weaver, Włodek Kluźniak, S. Chandra, V. Marandon, A. Djannati-Ataï, E. Moulin, Tomasz Bulik, Alessio Berti, M. Seglar-Arroyo, H. Odaka, Christian Stegmann, Stefan Wagner, C. Perennes, Pierre Brun, Yasunobu Uchiyama, A. Fiasson, U. Colin, David A. Green, Kazuma Ishio, A. Arbet Engels, A. De Angelis, Wlodek Bednarek, Nikola Godinovic, F. Ait Benkhali, Vassil Verguilov, Camilla Maggio, L. Mohrmann, Jean-Pierre Ernenwein, M. Spir-Jacob, M. Karjalainen, Vitaly Neustroev, P. deWilt, M. Scalici, Victoria Moreno, A. Priyana Noel, A. López-Oramas, M. Lemoine-Goumard, N. Torres-Albà, Martin Makariev, C. van Rensburg, Oscar Blanch, S. Pita, Alexander Hahn, V. Sahakian, Yusuke Suda, S. Schwemmer, Thomas Lohse, Misao Sasaki, Daniel Morcuende, Johannes Veh, D. Jankowsky, Michael Kreter, D. Berge, Luca Tosti, R. Marx, F. Werner, V. Poireau, Andrea Santangelo, C. Nigro, Andreas Quirrenbach, Jose Luis Contreras, E. Ruiz-Velasco, Thomas Bylund, M. Tluczykont, V. D'Elia, A. S. Seyffert, Jose Miguel Miranda, Massimo Persic, L. Dirson, Efthalia Traianou, Carlo Vigorito, Sargis Gasparyan, Y. Kobayashi, Jacques Muller, Jeffrey A. Hodgson, Marek Jamrozy, Christoph Deil, I. Jung-Richardt, Joachim Hahn, Mohanraj Senniappan, A. Rugliancich, Marina Manganaro, K. Nakashima, Kleopas Shiningayamwe, Alice Donini, Michelle Tsirou, Yuki Iwamura, G. Maneva, L. A. Antonelli, Juan Cortina, Markus Holler, Michal Ostrowski, Wolfgang Rhode, L. Rinchiuso, Felix Jankowsky, Sebastian Panny, M. I. Martínez, Michael Zacharias, Ferdinando Giordano, Felix Aharonian, Lluis Font, J.-P. Lenain, Merja Tornikoski, B. Machado de Oliveira Fraga, M.-H. Grondin, Lenka Tomankova, Markus Böttcher, Alison Mitchell, Chiara Righi, E. Do Souto Espiñeira, Tomislav Terzić, Alexandre Marcowith, P. Temnikov, Helene Sol, Sabrina Einecke, Iryna Lypova, Toshiaki Inada, Rodolfo Carosi, R. D. Parsons, Yvonne Becherini, Shunsuke Sakurai, L. Giunti, A. Nayerhoda, Arnaud Mares, Chaitanya Priyadarshi, Satoshi Fukami, Konstancja Satalecka, Stefan Funk, Johan Bregeon, Sidika Merve Colak, Alicja Wierzcholska, R. J. White, F. Leone, Michele Doro, D. Huber, Carolina Casadio, Anne Lähteenmäki, Masahiro Teshima, Domenico Tiziani, D. Malyshev, M. Panter, U. Katz, Heinrich J. Völk, G. Martí-Devesa, C. Levy, M. Renaud, J. A. Barrio, Kai Phillip Schmidt, L. Oakes, N. Giglietto, Simone Mender, Paolo Marchegiani, Ashot Chilingarian, Tjark Miener, James E. M. Watson, David Paneque, J. Bolmont, Manuela Mallamaci, Halim Ashkar, A. Sinha, Fabrizio Tavecchio, Kari Nilsson, B. van Soelen, B. Rudak, R. Adam, D. Miceli, M. Mohamed, Saverio Lombardi, E. Molina, P. T. O'Brien, E. Colombo, Lab Saha, Luca Foffano, C. van Eldik, G. Peron, Garret Cotter, D. Hadasch, D. A. Prokhorov, K. Kosack, Konrad Bernlöhr, B. Peyaud, I. Vovk, G. Pühlhofer, A. Reimer, J. F. Glicenstein, Bruno Khelifi, Serena Loporchio, I. Snidaric, Abelardo Moralejo, Andreas Specovius, E. Moretti, Bernd Schleicher, M. Minev, B. De Lotto, Andrés Baquero, A.M. Taylor, J. Damascene Mbarubucyeye, Christo Venter, Ciro Bigongiari, A. Zech, M. Garczarczyk, R. López-Coto, Q. Piel, Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet (LLR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille (CPPM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Laboratoire Univers et Théories (LUTH (UMR_8102)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE (UMR_7585)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier (LUPM), Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Etudes Nucléaires de Bordeaux Gradignan (CENBG), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), H.E.S.S., MAGIC, Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), German Research Foundation, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica, Swiss National Science Foundation, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Department of Atomic Energy (India), Academy of Finland, University of Tokyo, La Caixa, Croatian Science Foundation, University of Rijeka, Polish National Agency for Academic Exchange, Abdalla, H., Adam, R., Aharonian, F., Ait Benkhali, F., Ang??ner, E. 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A., Hofmann, W., Hoischen, C., Holch, T. L., Holler, M., H??rbe, M., Horns, D., Huber, D., Jamrozy, M., Jankowsky, D., Jankowsky, F., Jardin-Blicq, A., Joshi, V., Jung-Richardt, I., Kastendieck, M. A., Katarzy??ski, K., Katz, U., Khangulyan, D., Kh??lifi, B., Klepser, S., Klu??niak, W., Komin, Nu., Konno, R., Kosack, K., Kostunin, D., Kreter, M., Lamanna, G., Lemi??re, A., Lemoine-Goumard, M., Lenain, J. -P., Levy, C., Lohse, T., Lypova, I., Mackey, J., Majumdar, J., Malyshev, D., Marandon, V., Marchegiani, P., Marcowith, A., Mares, A., Mart??-Devesa, G., Marx, R., Maurin, G., Meintjes, P. J., Meyer, M., Mitchell, A. M. W., Moderski, R., Mohamed, M., Mohrmann, L., Montanari, A., Moore, C., Morris, P., Moulin, E., Muller, J., Murach, T., Nakashima, K., Nayerhoda, A., de Naurois, M., Ndiyavala, H., Niederwanger, F., Niemiec, J., Oakes, L., O???brien, P., Odaka, H., Ohm, S., Olivera-Nieto, L., de Ona Wilhelmi, E., Ostrowski, M., Panter, M., Panny, S., Parsons, R. D., Peron, G., Peyaud, B., Piel, Q., Pita, S., Poireau, V., Priyana Noel, A., Prokhorov, D. A., Prokoph, H., P??hlhofer, G., Punch, M., Quirrenbach, A., Raab, S., Rauth, R., Reichherzer, P., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Remy, Q., Renaud, M., Rieger, F., Rinchiuso, L., Romoli, C., Rowell, G., Rudak, B., Ruiz-Velasco, E., Sahakian, V., Sailer, S., Sanchez, D. A., Santangelo, A., Sasaki, M., Scalici, M., Sch??ssler, F., Schutte, H. M., Schwanke, U., Schwemmer, S., Seglar-Arroyo, M., Senniappan, M., Seyffert, A. S., Shafi, N., Shiningayamwe, K., Simoni, R., Sinha, A., Sol, H., Specovius, A., Spencer, S., Spir-Jacob, M., Stawarz, ??., Sun, L., Steenkamp, R., Stegmann, C., Steinmassl, S., Steppa, C., Takahashi, T., Tavernier, T., Taylor, A. M., Terrier, R., Tiziani, D., Tluczykont, M., Tomankova, L., Trichard, C., Tsirou, M., Tuffs, R., Uchiyama, Y., van der Walt, D. J., van Eldik, C., van Rensburg, C., van Soelen, B., Vasileiadis, G., Veh, J., Venter, C., Vincent, P., Vink, J., V??lk, H. J., Vuillaume, T., Wadiasingh, Z., Wagner, S. J., Watson, J., Werner, F., White, R., Wierzcholska, A., Wong, Yu. W., Yusafzai, A., Zacharias, M., Zanin, R., Zargaryan, D., Zdziarski, A. A., Zech, A., Zhu, S. J., Zorn, J., Zouari, S., ywucka, N., Acciari, V. A., Ansoldi, S., Antonelli, L. A., Arbet Engels, A., Asano, K., Baack, D., Babi??, A., Baquero, A., Barres de Almeida, U., Barrio, J. A., Becerra Gonz??lez, J., Bednarek, W., Bellizzi, L., Bernardini, E., Berti, A., Besenrieder, J., Bhattacharyya, W., Bigongiari, C., Biland, A., Blanch, O., Bonnoli, G., Bo??njak, ??., Busetto, G., Carosi, R., Ceribella, G., Cerruti, M., Chai, Y., Chilingarian, A., Cikota, S., Colak, S. M., Colin, U., Colombo, E., Contreras, J. 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P., Boccardi, B., Casadio, C., Hodgson, J., Kim, J. -Y., Krichbaum, T. P., L??hteenm??ki, A., Tornikoski, M., Traianou, E., Weaver, Z. R., Gravitation and Astroparticle Physics Amsterdam, High Energy Astrophys. & Astropart. Phys (API, FNWI), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2), Department of Electronics and Nanoengineering, Aalto-yliopisto, and Aalto University
Subjects: non-thermal, quasars: individual: PKS 1510−089, galaxies: active, relativistic processes, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies [radiation mechanisms], Photon, individual: PKS 1510−089 [quasars], Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Flux, radiation mechanisms: non-thermal / quasars: individual: PKS 1510−089 / galaxies: active / relativistic processes, radiation mechanisms: non-thermal, quasars: individual: PKS 1510-089, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, law, 0103 physical sciences, Galaxies: Active, Quasars: Individual: Pks 1510-089, Radiation mechanisms: Non-thermal, Relativistic processes, individual: PKS 1510-089 [quasars], MAGIC (telescope), 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Physics, [PHYS]Physics [physics], 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Quasar, Light curve, non-thermal [radiation mechanisms], relativistic processes [radiation mechanisms], Extragalactic background light, Space and Planetary Science, active [galaxies], ddc:520, Física nuclear, quasars: individual: PKS 1510��089, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope, Flare
Abstract: The flat spectrum radio quasar (FSRQ) PKS 1510−089 is known for its complex multiwavelength behaviour and it is one of only a few FSRQs detected in very-high-energy (VHE, E > 100 GeV) γ rays. The VHE γ-ray observations with H.E.S.S. and MAGIC in late May and early June 2016 resulted in the detection of an unprecedented flare, which revealed, for the first time, VHE γ-ray intranight variability for this source. While a common variability timescale of 1.5 h has been found, there is a significant deviation near the end of the flare, with a timescale of ∼20 min marking the cessation of the event. The peak flux is nearly two orders of magnitude above the low-level emission. For the first time, a curvature was detected in the VHE γ-ray spectrum of PKS 1510–089, which can be fully explained by the absorption on the part of the extragalactic background light. Optical R-band observations with ATOM revealed a counterpart of the γ-ray flare, even though the detailed flux evolution differs from the VHE γ-ray light curve. Interestingly, a steep flux decrease was observed at the same time as the cessation of the VHE γ-ray flare. In the high-energy (HE, E > 100 MeV) γ-ray band, only a moderate flux increase was observed with Fermi-LAT, while the HE γ-ray spectrum significantly hardens up to a photon index of 1.6. A search for broad-line region (BLR) absorption features in the γ-ray spectrum indicates that the emission region is located outside of the BLR. Radio very-long-baseline interferometry observations reveal a fast-moving knot interacting with a standing jet feature around the time of the flare. As the standing feature is located ∼50 pc from the black hole, the emission region of the flare may have been located at a significant distance from the black hole. If this is indeed a true correlation, the VHE γ rays must have been produced far down in the jet, where turbulent plasma crosses a standing shock., Astronomy & Astrophysics, 648, ISSN:0004-6361, ISSN:1432-0746
Published: 2021

28. Broadband Multi-wavelength Properties of M87 during the 2017 Event Horizon Telescope Campaign

Author: Masanori Nakamura, R. Shang, Abelardo Moralejo, A. Rugliancich, Marina Manganaro, Jun Liu, Monika Moscibrodzka, Andreas Specovius, V. Ramakrishnan, S. O'Brien, Michal Ostrowski, Luis C. Ho, Sera Markoff, D. Depaoli, I. Jung-Richardt, Manel Errando, Chiara Righi, S. Panny, Toshiaki Inada, Alexandra J. Tetarenko, Daniela Dorner, Norbert Wex, Nimesh A. Patel, Olivier Hervet, C. Arcaro, Alasdair E. Gent, Yu Wun Wong, Gaia Vanzo, Pierre Brun, Konstancja Satalecka, Stefan Funk, Lorenzo Bellizzi, Michael Lindqvist, Michele Doro, Felix Jankowsky, P. Kaaret, Nicholas R. MacDonald, Lang Cui, P. Temnikov, S. Patel, Sabrina Einecke, Manuel Artero, E. Moretti, Hope Boyce, M. Gaug, Charles F. Gammie, Iryna Lypova, Gisela N. Ortiz-León, Felix Aharonian, Colin J. Lonsdale, Buell T. Jannuzi, Gavin Rowell, M. Bryan, Yvonne Becherini, Aleksandar Popstefanija, M. Pohl, A. Marcowith, Jean-Pierre Ernenwein, H. Alyson Ford, Wystan Benbow, Karen E. Williamson, Daryl Haggard, Hambeleleni Ndiyavala, Tod R. Lauer, Arnaud Mares, Chaitanya Priyadarshi, Michael Punch, Helge Rottmann, J. Zorn, D. Dominis Prester, Bernd Schleicher, M. Minev, Hector Olivares, Ciriaco Goddi, S. Pita, J. Herrera, Alessia Spolon, Léa Jouvin, Na Wang, G. Martí-Devesa, Tomohiko Oka, Kirsty Feijen, E. Do Souto Espiñeira, Ralph Eatough, Johannes Veh, Stefano Gabici, Tomislav Terzić, D. Glawion, Gilles Fontaine, Bradford Benson, C. B. Rulten, Jenni Jormanainen, Jason SooHoo, Michael Titus, Jose Miguel Delgado, Marcos López-Moya, Freek Roelofs, Wlodek Bednarek, M. Lundy, Richard Anantua, Alessandra Lamastra, P. T. Reynolds, Vassil Verguilov, M. Lemoine-Goumard, G. Fichet de Clairfontaine, L. Di Venere, Michael Kreter, Jose Miguel Miranda, Alan L. Roy, Yating Chai, A. López-Oramas, M. Tluczykont, Jacek Niemiec, R. Konno, Tyler Trent, Olaf Reimer, Heino Falcke, Amanpreet Kaur, M. Panter, Narek Sahakyan, Kasper B. Schmidt, A. Carosi, K. Egberts, L. Maraschi, Stefan Cikota, V. Joshi, Koji Noda, Elisa Bernardini, Ye-Fei Yuan, Garrett K. Keating, Fumie Tazaki, Pawel Gliwny, M. Vazquez Acosta, Nicola Giglietto, M. Capasso, Vincent Piétu, Satoshi Fukami, Roman Gold, Elina Lindfors, Satoki Matsushita, A. Lemiere, F. Eichhorn, U. Katz, Yoshinori Yonekura, N. Shafi, Natalia Żywucka, Michael Kramer, M. Palatiello, Daniel Mazin, Samuel Timothy Spencer, Victoria Moreno, Oliver Porth, Julian Sitarek, Kazi L.J. Rygl, Wen Ping Lo, Geoffrey C. Bower, Ilje Cho, S. Fegan, Samuel Zouari, J. M. Paredes, V. Fallah Ramazani, Thomas Murach, Jim Hinton, R. J. White, F. Leone, S. Loporchio, M. de Naurois, Ed Fomalont, Bart Ripperda, Dominique Broguiere, J. Becerra González, Joseph R. Farah, Q. Feng, Andreas Quirrenbach, Taehyun Jung, C. Trichard, Masahiro Teshima, Domenico Tiziani, D. Malyshev, Richard Plambeck, Lynn D. Matthews, Avery E. Broderick, S. Kumar, T. J. Williamson, M. K. Daniel, Sylvia Zhu, P. J. Meintjes, Tjark Miener, Jodi Christiansen, Roger Brissenden, S. Sailer, Dmitry Khangulyan, David Paneque, Thomas P. Krichbaum, Sergey S. Savchenko, Angelo Ricarte, Riaan Steenkamp, T. Chand, J. Dyks, Francesco Dazzi, V. Baghmanyan, Zorawar Wadiasingh, Kazunori Akiyama, Stefan Ohm, C. Levy, Giovanna Ferrara, Makoto Inoue, Jhilik Majumdar, Nobuyuki Sakai, Dieter Horns, Jorge A. Preciado-López, Cornelia Müller, G. Hermann, Regis Terrier, A. J. Chromey, Dominic W. Pesce, Felix M. Pötzl, Mark Gurwell, Alejandro Cruz-Osorio, Ivan Marti-Vidal, Ben Prather, Tom Armstrong, Jongho Park, Matteo Cerruti, Ziri Younsi, Amy Furniss, Chih-Wei Locutus Huang, Lijing Shao, A. Djannati-Ataï, Shoko Koyama, D. Gottschall, P. Vincent, A. Brill, Kenji Toma, Antonios Nathanail, M. Nievas-Rosillo, M. Seglar-Arroyo, C. Delgado Mendez, Mahito Sasada, G. Busetto, Maciek Wielgus, Marcos Santander, Doosoo Yoon, D. A. Sanchez, Hiroki Okino, Christo Venter, Christiaan D. Brinkerink, James Ryan, S. Mićanović, Raquel Fraga-Encinas, Mark G. Rawlings, G. H. Sembroski, G. Principe, Xiang Liu, Karl Friedrich Schuster, Ronald Hesper, L. Sun, Ciro Bigongiari, Ramesh Narayan, M. Strzys, L. Mohrmann, Daniel R. van Rossum, Y. Ohtani, Wu Jiang, Luciano Rezzolla, Nu. Komin, V. A. Acciari, Katherine L. Bouman, Jürgen Besenrieder, Clemens Hoischen, A. A. Zdziarski, Antonio Tutone, Hung Yi Pu, A. Arbet Engels, J.-P. Lenain, A. De Angelis, Tomoya Hirota, R. J. García López, Carlo Romoli, Werner Hofmann, Tuomas Savolainen, Neil M. Nagar, Minfeng Gu, M. Karjalainen, Vitaly Neustroev, A. N. Otte, John F. C. Wardle, Tomoaki Oyama, Jongsoo Kim, Monica Barnard, J. Otero-Santos, R. D. Parsons, Pierre Christian, A. Priyana Noel, A. S. Seyffert, Shami Chatterjee, E. O. Angüner, David A. Green, Ramesh Karuppusamy, Zhiyuan Li, J. Devin, Dominik Elsaesser, F. Giordano, Santiago Ubach, Michael A. Nowak, Y. Kobayashi, F. Di Pierro, Iniyan Natarajan, A. Zech, M. Garczarczyk, Dmitriy Kostunin, Michael Janssen, Giacomo Bonnoli, Mariafelicia De Laurentis, Kuo Liu, G. Emery, Yutaro Kofuji, Antxon Alberdi, Marco Toliman Lucchini, R. A. Ong, Catherine Boisson, Daniel C. M. Palumbo, Stefan Klepser, Stefano Covino, Motoki Kino, Daniel Kerszberg, C. Armand, Maria Haupt, D. Zarić, K. Pfrang, R. López-Coto, M. Zacharias, Jae-Young Kim, Sheperd S. Doeleman, U. Barres de Almeida, Pratik Majumdar, M. V. Fonseca, Mosè Mariotti, G. Lamanna, Alexander Hahn, Sidika Merve Colak, R. J. Tuffs, B. Bi, Juan-Carlos Algaba, L. Oakes, D. Jankowsky, Y. Kajiwara, R. Marx, Bošnjak, John E. Barrett, Kotaro Niinuma, F. D'Ammando, Qingwen Wu, A. Yusafzai, Christian M. Fromm, Chi-kwan Chan, B. De Lotto, M. Kertzman, Manuela Mallamaci, H. Prokoph, Tadayuki Takahashi, Damir Lelas, Victor Doroshenko, E. Kasai, Lea Heckmann, Bong Won Sohn, Francesco Gabriele Saturni, Shiro Ikeda, T. Vuillaume, Laurent Loinard, G. Maurin, M. Füßling, Martin Will, Yi Chen, Gianluca Giavitto, Remo P. J. Tilanus, M. Spir-Jacob, Alessandro Montanari, Thomas Lohse, Tihomir Surić, J. van Scherpenberg, Per Friberg, He Sun, Luca Tosti, Kiyoaki Wajima, E. Ruiz-Velasco, Thomas Bylund, M. Balokovic, Feng Yuan, S. Nozaki, Mischa Breuhaus, Peter Galison, Y. A. Gallant, L. Olivera-Nieto, Dorota Sobczyńska, Maria-Isabel Bernardos, R. Rauth, Izumi Mizuno, Vincent L. Fish, S. G. Jorstad, Tomoki Saito, Giovanni Ceribella, Jacques Muller, J. P. Finley, Stefano Ansoldi, Boris Georgiev, Marcello Giroletti, Arturo I. Gómez-Ruiz, Karl M. Menten, Aristeidis Noutsos, P. deWilt, Junhan Kim, Alejandro Mus Mejías, Q. Remy, Dong-Jin Kim, P. G. Prada Moroni, Robert Wharton, Riccardo Paoletti, R. R. Prado, Zhi-Qiang Shen, S. Paiano, S. Chandra, Andrés Baquero, Anna Barnacka, Lucy Fortson, Wrijupan Bhattacharyya, Marc Ribó, E. de Ona Wilhelmi, Paul T. P. Ho, Yan-Rong Li, Derek Ward-Thompson, M. Scalici, G. Maneva, Constantin Steppa, Dimitrios Psaltis, A.M. Taylor, J. Damascene Mbarubucyeye, Daniel P. Marrone, Karl Mannheim, W. Boland, P. Morris, D. A. Prokhorov, M. Mohamed, Katsuaki Asano, Gernot Maier, Kotaro Moriyama, H. Odaka, M. Büchele, E. Pueschel, Kazuyoshi Nishijima, Christopher J. Duffy, H. M. Schutte, Camilla Maggio, Mark Kettenis, V. D'Elia, Saverio Lombardi, Ramprasad Rao, Ivica Puljak, R. Mirzoyan, V. Sahakian, Guang Yao Zhao, Adrian Biland, F. Werner, Rafal Moderski, Olivier Gentaz, Ullrich Schwanke, James M. Moran, S. Komossa, Yuzhu Cui, A. Jiménez-Rosales, Arash Roshanineshat, S. Ventura, Lindy Blackburn, David J. James, G. Hughes, Hidetoshi Kubo, Mansour Karami, José L. Gómez, P. Reichherzer, Davit Zargaryan, Paul Tiede, Koushik Chatterjee, Chunchong Ni, Roger Deane, Axel Donath, J. Rico, A. W. Chen, A. Fiasson, Jun Yi Koay, T. B. Humensky, Satoko Sawada-Satoh, Isak Delberth Davids, Alan P. Marscher, Alan E. E. Rogers, Rebecca Azulay, Kazuma Ishio, Paul M. Chesler, D. M. Strom, Carlo Vigorito, Marek Jamrozy, G. Pühlhofer, M. de Bony de Lavergne, Roberta Zanin, T. Schweizer, Elisa Prandini, Helene Sol, Rodolfo Carosi, M. Hörbe, T. Tavernier, Mareki Honma, M. Holler, Gordon T. Richards, Armelle Jardin-Blicq, Paolo Marchegiani, Sang-Sung Lee, D. Huber, Ashot Chilingarian, Nikola Godinovic, F. Ait Benkhali, Jason Dexter, Do-Young Byun, Anton Dmytriiev, Massimo Persic, Alicia Fattorini, L. Dirson, Cosimo Nigro, E. Roache, Sargis Gasparyan, S. Schwemmer, Sara Issaoun, Jessica Dempsey, Andrea Santangelo, Włodek Kluźniak, Mel Rose, Huib Jan van Langevelde, D. J. van der Walt, Elisabetta Liuzzo, A. Stamerra, John Hoang, Michelle Tsirou, Wolfgang Rhode, Tomohisa Kawashima, L. A. Antonelli, Carolin Wunderlich, Keiichi Asada, David A. Williams, Joachim Hahn, P. Moriarty, T. M. Crawford, P. Da Vela, L. Rinchiuso, E. Molina, F. Peter Schloerb, Lovro Pavletić, S. Steinmassl, Des Small, Christoph Deil, Stefano Menchiari, Dan Bintley, K. Nakashima, Alice Donini, David H. Hughes, Heinrich J. Völk, Mohanraj Senniappan, K. A. Farrell, M. Renaud, J. A. Barrio, Miriam Lucio Martinez, Rachel Simoni, P. T. O'Brien, E. Colombo, V. Barbosa Martins, M. Orienti, Efthalia Traianou, Lluis Font, B. Machado de Oliveira Fraga, Y. Suda, J. Neilsen, John Conway, Eduardo Ros, Gibwa Musoke, Tarek M. Hassan, J. Bolmont, A. Sinha, Halim Ashkar, M.-H. Grondin, Daniel Nieto, Lab Saha, Fabrizio Tavecchio, Hyunwook Ro, Michael H. Hecht, Markus Böttcher, Antonio Fuentes, Simone Mender, Moritz Hütten, Ue-Li Pen, Yosuke Mizuno, Gopal Narayanan, Lei Huang, H. Abdalla, M. A. Kastendieck, Nicola Marchili, I. Snidaric, S. Sánchez, G. Vasileiadis, Kari Nilsson, Alexander W. Raymond, Greg Lindahl, Gregory Desvignes, Sascha Trippe, Sanae Inoue, Giacomo D'Amico, W. Jin, B. van Soelen, Andrew Chael, Anne Kathrin Baczko, Shunsuke Sakurai, L. Giunti, A. Nayerhoda, Walter Alef, Jamie Holder, Stefano Truzzi, Pablo Peñil, M. J. Lang, Francois Brun, Frank M. Rieger, V. Vitale, George N. Wong, Jirong Mao, S. Caroff, J. Kushida, André Young, Ru-Sen Lu, Daniel Morcuende, Jose Luis Contreras, Kazuhiro Hada, Juan Cortina, C. van Eldik, Pablo Torne, Raymond Blundell, Jarred Gershon Green, C. B. Adams, James M. Cordes, Jonathan Weintroub, Q. Piel, A. Berti, James E. M. Watson, G. Peron, Ken Young, Garret Cotter, Dario Hrupec, Jonathan Mackey, K. Ragan, John E. Carlstrom, Michael Backes, Tim Holch, D. Hadasch, Stawarz, F. Niederwanger, Feryal Özel, Lia Medeiros, A. Weinstein, Mitsunari Takahashi, Manuel Delfino, C. Y. Kuo, Aviad Levis, Francesco Longo, K. Kosack, Konrad Bernlöhr, Jacco Vink, C. Moore, Michael Bremer, Jim Davies, Jadyn Anczarski, Patrick M. Koch, Sabrina Casanova, Ming-Tang Chen, B. Peyaud, Christian Stegmann, Stefan Wagner, C. Perennes, Yasunobu Uchiyama, David Kieda, Chet Ruszczyk, Hiroshi Nagai, M. Curyło, Andrei Lobanov, Ana Babić, E. Moulin, Tomasz Bulik, Britton Jeter, I. Vovk, Martin Makariev, C. van Rensburg, Oscar Blanch, Rocco Lico, Silke Britzen, Misao Sasaki, A. Reimer, V. Poireau, R. Adam, David Ball, Mark Reynolds, D. Miceli, John L. Quinn, Roberto Garcia, J. F. Glicenstein, D. Ribeiro, A. Wierzcholska, Geoffrey B. Crew, Bruno Khelifi, David Sánchez-Arguelles, Ilse van Bemmel, Michael D. Johnson, J. Anton Zensus, Dominik Baack, Manuel Meyer, E. V. Kravchenko, I. Jiménez, Thomas Bronzwaer, Reshmi Mukherjee, D. Berge, C. Giuri, Kleopas Shiningayamwe, Shan Shan Zhao, Yuki Iwamura, A. D. Falcone, Lenka Tomankova, Carsten Kramer, Jan Wagner, Christian Fruck, B. Rudak, Jordy Davelaar, V. Marandon, K. Katarzyński, Roberto Neri, The EHT MWL Science Working Group, Institut de RadioAstronomie Millimétrique (IRAM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Instituto de RadioAstronomía Milimétrica (IRAM), Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet (LLR), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille (CPPM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Laboratoire Univers et Théories (LUTH (UMR_8102)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE (UMR_7585)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Etudes Nucléaires de Bordeaux Gradignan (CENBG), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier (LUPM), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Groupe de Physique des Solides (GPS), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Event Horizon Telescope, Fermi-LAT, H.E.S.S., MAGIC, VERITAS, EAVN, High Energy Astrophys. & Astropart. Phys (API, FNWI), API Other Research (FNWI), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA (UMR_8109)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Algaba, Jc, Anczarski, J, Asada, K, Balokovic, M, Chandra, S, Cui, Yz, Falcone, Ad, Giroletti, M, Goddi, C, Hada, K, Haggard, D, Jorstad, S, Kaur, A, Kawashima, T, Keating, G, Kim, Jy, Kino, M, Komossa, S, Kravchenko, Ev, Krichbaum, Tp, Lee, S, Lu, R, Lucchini, M, Markoff, S, Neilsen, J, Nowak, Ma, Park, J, Principe, G, Ramakrishnan, V, Reynolds, Mt, Sasada, M, Savchenko, S, Williamson, Ke, Longo, F, Et, Al., University of Michigan, Department of Electronics and Nanoengineering, Aalto-yliopisto, Aalto University, Algaba, J. C., Anczarski, J., Asada, K., Balokovic, M., Chandra, S., Cui, Y. -Z., Falcone, A. D., Giroletti, M., Goddi, C., Hada, K., Haggard, D., Jorstad, S., Kaur, A., Kawashima, T., Keating, G., Kim, J. -Y., Kino, M., Komossa, S., Kravchenko, E. V., Krichbaum, T. P., Lee, S. -S., Lu, R. -S., Lucchini, M., Markoff, S., Neilsen, J., Nowak, M. A., Park, J., Principe, G., Ramakrishnan, V., Reynolds, M. T., Sasada, M., Savchenko, S. S., Williamson, K. E., Akiyama, K., Alberdi, A., Alef, W., Anantua, R., Azulay, R., Baczko, A. -K., Ball, D., Barrett, J., Bintley, D., Benson, B. A., Blackburn, L., Blundell, R., Boland, W., Bouman, K. L., Bower, G. C., Boyce, H., Bremer, M., Brinkerink, C. D., Brissenden, R., Britzen, S., Broderick, A. E., Broguiere, D., Bronzwaer, T., Byun, D. -Y., Carlstrom, J. E., Chael, A., Chan, C. -K., Chatterjee, S., Chatterjee, K., Chen, M. -T., Chen, Y., Chesler, P. M., Cho, I., Christian, P., Conway, J. E., Cordes, J. M., Crawford, T. M., Crew, G. B., Cruz-Osorio, A., Davelaar, J., De Laurentis, M., Deane, R., Dempsey, J., Desvignes, G., Dexter, J., Doeleman, S. S., Eatough, R. P., Falcke, H., Farah, J., Fish, V. L., Fomalont, E., Ford, H. A., Fraga-Encinas, R., Friberg, P., Fromm, C. M., Fuentes, A., Galison, P., Gammie, C. F., Garcia, R., Gentaz, O., Georgiev, B., Gold, R., Gomez, J. L., Gomez-Ruiz, A. I., Gu, M., Gurwell, M., Hecht, M. H., Hesper, R., Ho, L. C., Ho, P., Honma, M., Huang, C. -W. L., Huang, L., Hughes, D. H., Ikeda, S., Inoue, M., Issaoun, S., James, D. J., Jannuzi, B. T., Janssen, M., Jeter, B., Jiang, W., Jimenez-Rosales, A., Johnson, M. D., Jung, T., Karami, M., Karuppusamy, R., Kettenis, M., Kim, D. -J., Kim, J., Koay, J. Y., Kofuji, Y., Koch, P. M., Koyama, S., Kramer, M., Kramer, C., Kuo, C. -Y., Lauer, T. R., Levis, A., Li, Y. -R., Li, Z., Lindqvist, M., Lico, R., Lindahl, G., Liu, J., Liu, K., Liuzzo, E., Lo, W. -P., Lobanov, A. P., Loinard, L., Lonsdale, C., Macdonald, N. R., Mao, J., Marchili, N., Marrone, D. P., Marscher, A. P., Marti-Vidal, I., Matsushita, S., Matthews, L. D., Medeiros, L., Menten, K. M., Mizuno, I., Mizuno, Y., Moran, J. M., Moriyama, K., Moscibrodzka, M., Muller, C., Musoke, G., Mejias, A. M., Nagai, H., Nagar, N. M., Nakamura, M., Narayan, R., Narayanan, G., Natarajan, I., Nathanail, A., Neri, R., Ni, C., Noutsos, A., Okino, H., Olivares, H., Ortiz-Leon, G. N., Oyama, T., Ozel, F., Palumbo, D. C. M., Patel, N., Pen, U. -L., Pesce, D. W., Pietu, V., Plambeck, R., Popstefanija, A., Porth, O., Potzl, F. M., Prather, B., Preciado-Lopez, J. A., Psaltis, D., Pu, H. -Y., Rao, R., Rawlings, M. G., Raymond, A. W., Rezzolla, L., Ricarte, A., Ripperda, B., Roelofs, F., Rogers, A., Ros, E., Rose, M., Roshanineshat, A., Rottmann, H., Roy, A. L., Ruszczyk, C., Rygl, K. L. J., Sanchez, S., Sanchez-Arguelles, D., Savolainen, T., Schloerb, F. P., Schuster, K. -F., Shao, L., Shen, Z., Small, D., Sohn, B. W., Soohoo, J., Sun, H., Tazaki, F., Tetarenko, A. J., Tiede, P., Tilanus, R. P. J., Titus, M., Toma, K., Torne, P., Trent, T., Traianou, E., Trippe, S., Van Bemmel, I., Van Langevelde, H. J., Van Rossum, D. R., Wagner, J., Ward-Thompson, D., Wardle, J., Weintroub, J., Wex, N., Wharton, R., Wielgus, M., Wong, G. N., Wu, Q., Yoon, D., Young, A., Young, K., Younsi, Z., Yuan, F., Yuan, Y. -F., Zensus, J. A., Zhao, G. -Y., Zhao, S. -S., D'Ammando, F., Orienti, M., Abdalla, H., Adam, R., Aharonian, F., Benkhali, F. A., Anguner, E. O., Arcaro, C., Armand, C., Armstrong, T., Ashkar, H., Backes, M., Baghmanyan, V., Barbosa Martins, V., Barnacka, A., Barnard, M., Becherini, Y., Berge, D., Bernlohr, K., Bi, B., Bottcher, M., Boisson, C., Bolmont, J., De Bony De Lavergne, M., Breuhaus, M., Brun, F., Brun, P., Bryan, M., Buchele, M., Bulik, T., Bylund, T., Caroff, S., Carosi, A., Casanova, S., Chand, T., Chen, A., Cotter, G., Curylo, M., Damascene Mbarubucyeye, J., Davids, I. D., Davies, J., Deil, C., Devin, J., Dewilt, P., Dirson, L., Djannati-Atai, A., Dmytriiev, A., Donath, A., Doroshenko, V., Duffy, C., Dyks, J., Egberts, K., Eichhorn, F., Einecke, S., Emery, G., Ernenwein, J. -P., Feijen, K., Fegan, S., Fiasson, A., De Clairfontaine, G. F., Fontaine, G., Funk, S., Fussling, M., Gabici, S., Gallant, Y. A., Giavitto, G., Giunti, L., Glawion, D., Glicenstein, J. F., Gottschall, D., Grondin, M. -H., Hahn, J., Haupt, M., Hermann, G., Hinton, J. A., Hofmann, W., Hoischen, C., Holch, T. L., Holler, M., Horbe, M., Horns, D., Huber, D., Jamrozy, M., Jankowsky, D., Jankowsky, F., Jardin-Blicq, A., Joshi, V., Jung-Richardt, I., Kasai, E., Kastendieck, M. A., Katarzynski, K., Katz, U., Khangulyan, D., Khelifi, B., Klepser, S., Kluzniak, W., Komin, N., Konno, R., Kosack, K., Kostunin, D., Kreter, M., Lamanna, G., Lemiere, A., Lemoine-Goumard, M., Lenain, J. -P., Levy, C., Lohse, T., Lypova, I., Mackey, J., Majumdar, J., Malyshev, D., Marandon, V., Marchegiani, P., Marcowith, A., Mares, A., Marti-Devesa, G., Marx, R., Maurin, G., Meintjes, P. J., Meyer, M., Moderski, R., Mohamed, M., Mohrmann, L., Montanari, A., Moore, C., Morris, P., Moulin, E., Muller, J., Murach, T., Nakashima, K., Nayerhoda, A., De Naurois, M., Ndiyavala, H., Niederwanger, F., Niemiec, J., Oakes, L., O'Brien, P., Odaka, H., Ohm, S., Olivera-Nieto, L., De Ona Wilhelmi, E., Ostrowski, M., Panter, M., Panny, S., Parsons, R. D., Peron, G., Peyaud, B., Piel, Q., Pita, S., Poireau, V., Noel, A. P., Prokhorov, D. A., Prokoph, H., Puhlhofer, G., Punch, M., Quirrenbach, A., Rauth, R., Reichherzer, P., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Remy, Q., Renaud, M., Rieger, F., Rinchiuso, L., Romoli, C., Rowell, G., Rudak, B., Ruiz-Velasco, E., Sahakian, V., Sailer, S., Sanchez, D. A., Santangelo, A., Sasaki, M., Scalici, M., Schutte, H. M., Schwanke, U., Schwemmer, S., Seglar-Arroyo, M., Senniappan, M., Seyffert, A. S., Shafi, N., Shiningayamwe, K., Simoni, R., Sinha, A., Sol, H., Specovius, A., Spencer, S., Spir-Jacob, M., Stawarz, L., Sun, L., Steenkamp, R., Stegmann, C., Steinmassl, S., Steppa, C., Takahashi, T., Tavernier, T., Taylor, A. M., Terrier, R., Tiziani, D., Tluczykont, M., Tomankova, L., Trichard, C., Tsirou, M., Tuffs, R., Uchiyama, Y., Van Der Walt, D. J., Van Eldik, C., Van Rensburg, C., Van Soelen, B., Vasileiadis, G., Veh, J., Venter, C., Vincent, P., Vink, J., Volk, H. J., Vuillaume, T., Wadiasingh, Z., Wagner, S. J., Watson, J., Werner, F., White, R., Wierzcholska, A., Wong, Y. W., Yusafzai, A., Zacharias, M., Zanin, R., Zargaryan, D., Zdziarski, A. A., Zech, A., Zhu, S. J., Zorn, J., Zouari, S., Zywucka, N., Acciari, V. A., Ansoldi, S., Antonelli, L. A., Engels, A. A., Artero, M., Asano, K., Baack, D., Babic, A., Baquero, A., De Almeida, U. B., Barrio, J. A., Becerra Gonzalez, J., Bednarek, W., Bellizzi, L., Bernardini, E., Bernardos, M., Berti, A., Besenrieder, J., Bhattacharyya, W., Bigongiari, C., Biland, A., Blanch, O., Bonnoli, G., Bosnjak, Z., Busetto, G., Carosi, R., Ceribella, G., Cerruti, M., Chai, Y., Chilingarian, A., Cikota, S., Colak, S. M., Colombo, E., Contreras, J. L., Cortina, J., Covino, S., D'Amico, G., D'Elia, V., Da Vela, P., Dazzi, F., De Angelis, A., De Lotto, B., Delfino, M., Delgado, J., Delgado Mendez, C., Depaoli, D., Di Pierro, F., Di Venere, L., Do Souto Espineira, E., Dominis Prester, D., Donini, A., Dorner, D., Doro, M., Elsaesser, D., Fallah Ramazani, V., Fattorini, A., Ferrara, G., Fonseca, M. V., Font, L., Fruck, C., Fukami, S., Garcia Lopez, R. J., Garczarczyk, M., Gasparyan, S., Gaug, M., Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Gliwny, P., Godinovic, N., Green, J. G., Green, D., Hadasch, D., Hahn, A., Heckmann, L., Herrera, J., Hoang, J., Hrupec, D., Hutten, M., Inada, T., Inoue, S., Ishio, K., Iwamura, Y., Jimenez, I., Jormanainen, J., Jouvin, L., Kajiwara, Y., Karjalainen, M., Kerszberg, D., Kobayashi, Y., Kubo, H., Kushida, J., Lamastra, A., Lelas, D., Leone, F., Lindfors, E., Lombardi, S., Longo, F., Lopez-Coto, R., Lopez-Moya, M., Lopez-Oramas, A., Loporchio, S., Machado De Oliveira Fraga, B., Maggio, C., Majumdar, P., Makariev, M., Mallamaci, M., Maneva, G., Manganaro, M., Mannheim, K., Maraschi, L., Mariotti, M., Martinez, M., Mazin, D., Menchiari, S., Mender, S., Micanovic, S., Miceli, D., Miener, T., Minev, M., Miranda, J. M., Mirzoyan, R., Molina, E., Moralejo, A., Morcuende, D., Moreno, V., Moretti, E., Neustroev, V., Nigro, C., Nilsson, K., Nishijima, K., Noda, K., Nozaki, S., Ohtani, Y., Oka, T., Otero-Santos, J., Paiano, S., Palatiello, M., Paneque, D., Paoletti, R., Paredes, J. M., Pavletic, L., Penil, P., Perennes, C., Persic, M., Moroni, P. G. P., Prandini, E., Priyadarshi, C., Puljak, I., Rhode, W., Ribo, M., Rico, J., Righi, C., Rugliancich, A., Saha, L., Sahakyan, N., Saito, T., Sakurai, S., Satalecka, K., Saturni, F. G., Schleicher, B., Schmidt, K., Schweizer, T., Sitarek, J., Snidaric, I., Sobczynska, D., Spolon, A., Stamerra, A., Strom, D., Strzys, M., Suda, Y., Suric, T., Takahashi, M., Tavecchio, F., Temnikov, P., Terzic, T., Teshima, M., Tosti, L., Truzzi, S., Tutone, A., Ubach, S., Van Scherpenberg, J., Vanzo, G., Vazquez Acosta, M., Ventura, S., Verguilov, V., Vigorito, C. F., Vitale, V., Vovk, I., Will, M., Wunderlich, C., Zaric, D., Adams, C. B., Benbow, W., Brill, A., Capasso, M., Christiansen, J. L., Chromey, A. J., Daniel, M. K., Errando, M., Farrell, K. A., Feng, Q., Finley, J. P., Fortson, L., Furniss, A., Gent, A., Giuri, C., Hassan, T., Hervet, O., Holder, J., Hughes, G., Humensky, T. B., Jin, W., Kaaret, P., Kertzman, M., Kieda, D., Kumar, S., Lang, M. J., Lundy, M., Maier, G., Moriarty, P., Mukherjee, R., Nieto, D., Nievas-Rosillo, M., O'Brien, S., Ong, R. A., Otte, A. N., Patel, S., Pfrang, K., Pohl, M., Prado, R. R., Pueschel, E., Quinn, J., Ragan, K., Reynolds, P. T., Ribeiro, D., Richards, G. T., Roache, E., Rulten, C., Ryan, J. L., Santander, M., Sembroski, G. H., Shang, R., Weinstein, A., Williams, D. A., Williamson, T. J., Hirota, T., Cui, L., Niinuma, K., Ro, H., Sakai, N., Sawada-Satoh, S., Wajima, K., Wang, N., Liu, X., Yonekura, Y., German Research Foundation, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Swiss National Science Foundation, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Department of Atomic Energy (India), University of Tokyo, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Ministry of Education and Scientific Research (Romania), Academy of Finland, La Caixa, Croatian Science Foundation, Generalitat de Catalunya, Polish National Agency for Academic Exchange, University of Rijeka, Department of Energy (US), Smithsonian Institution, Astronomy, and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)
Subjects: Accretion, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Astronomy, Flux, Astrophysics, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Active galactic nuclei, Radio cores, Low-luminosity active galactic nuclei, High energy astrophysics, Astrophysical black holes, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, astro-ph.HE, Radio core, Accretion (meteorology), 520 Astronomie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften, Low-luminosity, active galactic nuclei, Astrophysical black hole, astro-ph.CO, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Active galactic nucleus, High-energy astronomy, astro-ph.GA, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, F500, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, High energy astrophysic, 0103 physical sciences, Very-long-baseline interferometry, ddc:530, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Event Horizon Telescope, Supermassive black hole, Astronomy and Astrophysics, 530 Physik, Galaxy, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), ddc:520, HESS - Abteilung Hinton, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract: Full list of authors: EHT MWL Science Working Group; Algaba, J. C.; Anczarski, J.; Asada, K.; Baloković, M.; Chandra, S.; Cui, Y. -Z.; Falcone, A. D.; Giroletti, M.; Goddi, C.; Hada, K.; Haggard, D.; Jorstad, S.; Kaur, A.; Kawashima, T.; Keating, G.; Kim, J. -Y.; Kino, M.; Komossa, S.; Kravchenko, E. V.; Krichbaum, T. P.; Lee, S. -S.; Lu, R. -S.; Lucchini, M.; Markoff, S.; Neilsen, J.; Nowak, M. A.; Park, J.; Principe, G.; Ramakrishnan, V.; Reynolds, M. T.; Sasada, M.; Savchenko, S. S.; Williamson, K. E.; Event Horizon Telescope Collaboration; Akiyama, Kazunori; Alberdi, Antxon; Alef, Walter; Anantua, Richard; Azulay, Rebecca; Baczko, Anne-Kathrin; Ball, David; Barrett, John; Bintley, Dan; Benson, Bradford A.; Blackburn, Lindy; Blundell, Raymond; Boland, Wilfred; Bouman, Katherine L.; Bower, Geoffrey C.; Boyce, Hope; Bremer, Michael; Brinkerink, Christiaan D.; Brissenden, Roger; Britzen, Silke; Broderick, Avery E.; Broguiere, Dominique; Bronzwaer, Thomas; Byun, Do-Young; Carlstrom, John E.; Chael, Andrew; Chan, Chi-Kwan; Chatterjee, Shami; Chatterjee, Koushik; Chen, Ming-Tang; Chen, Yongjun; Chesler, Paul M.; Cho, Ilje; Christian, Pierre; Conway, John E.; Cordes, James M.; Crawford, Thomas M.; Crew, Geoffrey B.; Cruz-Osorio, Alejandro; Davelaar, Jordy; de Laurentis, Mariafelicia; Deane, Roger; Dempsey, Jessica; Desvignes, Gregory; Dexter, Jason; Doeleman, Sheperd S.; Eatough, Ralph P.; Falcke, Heino; Farah, Joseph; Fish, Vincent L.; Fomalont, Ed; Ford, H. Alyson; Fraga-Encinas, Raquel; Friberg, Per; Fromm, Christian M.; Fuentes, Antonio; Galison, Peter; Gammie, Charles F.; García, Roberto; Gentaz, Olivier; Georgiev, Boris; Gold, Roman; Gómez, José L.; Gómez-Ruiz, Arturo I.; Gu, Minfeng; Gurwell, Mark; Hecht, Michael H.; Hesper, Ronald; Ho, Luis C.; Ho, Paul; Honma, Mareki; Huang, Chih-Wei L.; Huang, Lei; Hughes, David H.; Ikeda, Shiro; Inoue, Makoto; Issaoun, Sara; James, David J.; Jannuzi, Buell T.; Janssen, Michael; Jeter, Britton; Jiang, Wu; Jiménez-Rosales, Alejandra; Johnson, Michael D.; Jung, Taehyun; Karami, Mansour; Karuppusamy, Ramesh; Kettenis, Mark; Kim, Dong-Jin; Kim, Jongsoo; Kim, Junhan; Koay, Jun Yi; Kofuji, Yutaro; Koch, Patrick M.; Koyama, Shoko; Kramer, Michael; Kramer, Carsten; Kuo, Cheng-Yu; Lauer, Tod R.; Levis, Aviad; Li, Yan-Rong; Li, Zhiyuan; Lindqvist, Michael; Lico, Rocco; Lindahl, Greg; Liu, Jun; Liu, Kuo; Liuzzo, Elisabetta; Lo, Wen-Ping; Lobanov, Andrei P.; Loinard, Laurent; Lonsdale, Colin; MacDonald, Nicholas R.; Mao, Jirong; Marchili, Nicola; Marrone, Daniel P.; Marscher, Alan P.; Martí-Vidal, Iván; Matsushita, Satoki; Matthews, Lynn D.; Medeiros, Lia; Menten, Karl M.; Mizuno, Izumi; Mizuno, Yosuke; Moran, James M.; Moriyama, Kotaro; Moscibrodzka, Monika; Müller, Cornelia; Musoke, Gibwa; Mejías, Alejandro Mus; Nagai, Hiroshi; Nagar, Neil M.; Nakamura, Masanori; Narayan, Ramesh; Narayanan, Gopal; Natarajan, Iniyan; Nathanail, Antonios; Neri, Roberto; Ni, Chunchong; Noutsos, Aristeidis; Okino, Hiroki; Olivares, Héctor; Ortiz-León, Gisela N.; Oyama, Tomoaki; Özel, Feryal; Palumbo, Daniel C. M.; Patel, Nimesh; Pen, Ue-Li; Pesce, Dominic W.; Piétu, Vincent; Plambeck, Richard; Popstefanija, Aleksandar; Porth, Oliver; Pötzl, Felix M.; Prather, Ben; Preciado-López, Jorge A.; Psaltis, Dimitrios; Pu, Hung-Yi; Rao, Ramprasad; Rawlings, Mark G.; Raymond, Alexander W.; Rezzolla, Luciano; Ricarte, Angelo; Ripperda, Bart; Roelofs, Freek; Rogers, Alan; Ros, Eduardo; Rose, Mel; Roshanineshat, Arash; Rottmann, Helge; Roy, Alan L.; Ruszczyk, Chet; Rygl, Kazi L. J.; Sánchez, Salvador; Sánchez-Arguelles, David; Savolainen, Tuomas; Schloerb, F. Peter; Schuster, Karl-Friedrich; Shao, Lijing; Shen, Zhiqiang; Small, Des; Sohn, Bong Won; Soohoo, Jason; Sun, He; Tazaki, Fumie; Tetarenko, Alexandra J.; Tiede, Paul; Tilanus, Remo P. J.; Titus, Michael; Toma, Kenji; Torne, Pablo; Trent, Tyler; Traianou, Efthalia; Trippe, Sascha; van Bemmel, Ilse; van Langevelde, Huib Jan; van Rossum, Daniel R.; Wagner, Jan; Ward-Thompson, Derek; Wardle, John; Weintroub, Jonathan; Wex, Norbert; Wharton, Robert; Wielgus, Maciek; Wong, George N.; Wu, Qingwen; Yoon, Doosoo; Young, André; Young, Ken; Younsi, Ziri; Yuan, Feng; Yuan, Ye-Fei; Zensus, J. Anton; Zhao, Guang-Yao; Zhao, Shan-Shan; Fermi Large Area Telescope Collaboration; Principe, G.; Giroletti, M.; D'Ammando, F.; Orienti, M.; H. E. S. S. Collaboration; Abdalla, H.; Adam, R.; Aharonian, F.; Benkhali, F. Ait; Angüner, E. O.; Arcaro, C.; Armand, C.; Armstrong, T.; Ashkar, H.; Backes, M.; Baghmanyan, V.; Barbosa Martins, V.; Barnacka, A.; Barnard, M.; Becherini, Y.; Berge, D.; Bernlöhr, K.; Bi, B.; Böttcher, M.; Boisson, C.; Bolmont, J.; de Lavergne, M. De Bony; Breuhaus, M.; Brun, F.; Brun, P.; Bryan, M.; Büchele, M.; Bulik, T.; Bylund, T.; Caroff, S.; Carosi, A.; Casanova, S.; Chand, T.; Chen, A.; Cotter, G.; Curyło, M.; Damascene Mbarubucyeye, J.; Davids, I. D.; Davies, J.; Deil, C.; Devin, J.; Dewilt, P.; Dirson, L.; Djannati-Ataï, A.; Dmytriiev, A.; Donath, A.; Doroshenko, V.; Duffy, C.; Dyks, J.; Egberts, K.; Eichhorn, F.; Einecke, S.; Emery, G.; Ernenwein, J. -P.; Feijen, K.; Fegan, S.; Fiasson, A.; de Clairfontaine, G. Fichet; Fontaine, G.; Funk, S.; Füßling, M.; Gabici, S.; Gallant, Y. A.; Giavitto, G.; Giunti, L.; Glawion, D.; Glicenstein, J. F.; Gottschall, D.; Grondin, M. -H.; Hahn, J.; Haupt, M.; Hermann, G.; Hinton, J. A.; Hofmann, W.; Hoischen, C.; Holch, T. L.; Holler, M.; Hörbe, M.; Horns, D.; Huber, D.; Jamrozy, M.; Jankowsky, D.; Jankowsky, F.; Jardin-Blicq, A.; Joshi, V.; Jung-Richardt, I.; Kasai, E.; Kastendieck, M. A.; Katarzyński, K.; Katz, U.; Khangulyan, D.; Khélifi, B.; Klepser, S.; Kluźniak, W.; Komin, Nu.; Konno, R.; Kosack, K.; Kostunin, D.; Kreter, M.; Lamanna, G.; Lemière, A.; Lemoine-Goumard, M.; Lenain, J. -P.; Levy, C.; Lohse, T.; Lypova, I.; Mackey, J.; Majumdar, J.; Malyshev, D.; Malyshev, D.; Marandon, V.; Marchegiani, P.; Marcowith, A.; Mares, A.; Martí-Devesa, G.; Marx, R.; Maurin, G.; Meintjes, P. J.; Meyer, M.; Moderski, R.; Mohamed, M.; Mohrmann, L.; Montanari, A.; Moore, C.; Morris, P.; Moulin, E.; Muller, J.; Murach, T.; Nakashima, K.; Nayerhoda, A.; de Naurois, M.; Ndiyavala, H.; Niederwanger, F.; Niemiec, J.; Oakes, L.; O'Brien, P.; Odaka, H.; Ohm, S.; Olivera-Nieto, L.; de Ona Wilhelmi, E.; Ostrowski, M.; Panter, M.; Panny, S.; Parsons, R. D.; Peron, G.; Peyaud, B.; Piel, Q.; Pita, S.; Poireau, V.; Noel, A. Priyana; Prokhorov, D. A.; Prokoph, H.; Pühlhofer, G.; Punch, M.; Quirrenbach, A.; Rauth, R.; Reichherzer, P.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Remy, Q.; Renaud, M.; Rieger, F.; Rinchiuso, L.; Romoli, C.; Rowell, G.; Rudak, B.; Ruiz-Velasco, E.; Sahakian, V.; Sailer, S.; Sanchez, D. A.; Santangelo, A.; Sasaki, M.; Scalici, M.; Schutte, H. M.; Schwanke, U.; Schwemmer, S.; Seglar-Arroyo, M.; Senniappan, M.; Seyffert, A. S.; Shafi, N.; Shiningayamwe, K.; Simoni, R.; Sinha, A.; Sol, H.; Specovius, A.; Spencer, S.; Spir-Jacob, M.; Stawarz, Ł.; Sun, L.; Steenkamp, R.; Stegmann, C.; Steinmassl, S.; Steppa, C.; Takahashi, T.; Tavernier, T.; Taylor, A. M.; Terrier, R.; Tiziani, D.; Tluczykont, M.; Tomankova, L.; Trichard, C.; Tsirou, M.; Tuffs, R.; Uchiyama, Y.; van der Walt, D. J.; van Eldik, C.; van Rensburg, C.; van Soelen, B.; Vasileiadis, G.; Veh, J.; Venter, C.; Vincent, P.; Vink, J.; Völk, H. J.; Vuillaume, T.; Wadiasingh, Z.; Wagner, S. J.; Watson, J.; Werner, F.; White, R.; Wierzcholska, A.; Wong, Yu Wun; Yusafzai, A.; Zacharias, M.; Zanin, R.; Zargaryan, D.; Zdziarski, A. A.; Zech, A.; Zhu, S. J.; Zorn, J.; Zouari, S.; Żywucka, N.; MAGIC Collaboration; Acciari, V. A.; Ansoldi, S.; Antonelli, L. A.; Engels, A. Arbet; Artero, M.; Asano, K.; Baack, D.; Babić, A.; Baquero, A.; de Almeida, U. Barres; Barrio, J. A.; Becerra González, J.; Bednarek, W.; Bellizzi, L.; Bernardini, E.; Bernardos, M.; Berti, A.; Besenrieder, J.; Bhattacharyya, W.; Bigongiari, C.; Biland, A.; Blanch, O.; Bonnoli, G.; Bošnjak, Ž.; Busetto, G.; Carosi, R.; Ceribella, G.; Cerruti, M.; Chai, Y.; Chilingarian, A.; Cikota, S.; Colak, S. M.; Colombo, E.; Contreras, J. L.; Cortina, J.; Covino, S.; D'Amico, G.; D'Elia, V.; da Vela, P.; Dazzi, F.; de Angelis, A.; de Lotto, B.; Delfino, M.; Delgado, J.; Delgado Mendez, C.; Depaoli, D.; di Pierro, F.; di Venere, L.; Do Souto Espiñeira, E.; Dominis Prester, D.; Donini, A.; Dorner, D.; Doro, M.; Elsaesser, D.; Ramazani, V. Fallah; Fattorini, A.; Ferrara, G.; Fonseca, M. V.; Font, L.; Fruck, C.; Fukami, S.; García López, R. J.; Garczarczyk, M.; Gasparyan, S.; Gaug, M.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Gliwny, P.; Godinović, N.; Green, J. G.; Green, D.; Hadasch, D.; Hahn, A.; Heckmann, L.; Herrera, J.; Hoang, J.; Hrupec, D.; Hütten, M.; Inada, T.; Inoue, S.; Ishio, K.; Iwamura, Y.; Jiménez, I.; Jormanainen, J.; Jouvin, L.; Kajiwara, Y.; Karjalainen, M.; Kerszberg, D.; Kobayashi, Y.; Kubo, H.; Kushida, J.; Lamastra, A.; Lelas, D.; Leone, F.; Lindfors, E.; Lombardi, S.; Longo, F.; López-Coto, R.; López-Moya, M.; López-Oramas, A.; Loporchio, S.; Machado de Oliveira Fraga, B.; Maggio, C.; Majumdar, P.; Makariev, M.; Mallamaci, M.; Maneva, G.; Manganaro, M.; Mannheim, K.; Maraschi, L.; Mariotti, M.; Martínez, M.; Mazin, D.; Menchiari, S.; Mender, S.; Mićanović, S.; Miceli, D.; Miener, T.; Minev, M.; Miranda, J. M.; Mirzoyan, R.; Molina, E.; Moralejo, A.; Morcuende, D.; Moreno, V.; Moretti, E.; Neustroev, V.; Nigro, C.; Nilsson, K.; Nishijima, K.; Noda, K.; Nozaki, S.; Ohtani, Y.; Oka, T.; Otero-Santos, J.; Paiano, S.; Palatiello, M.; Paneque, D.; Paoletti, R.; Paredes, J. M.; Pavletić, L.; Peñil, P.; Perennes, C.; Persic, M.; Moroni, P. G. Prada; Prandini, E.; Priyadarshi, C.; Puljak, I.; Rhode, W.; Ribó, M.; Rico, J.; Righi, C.; Rugliancich, A.; Saha, L.; Sahakyan, N.; Saito, T.; Sakurai, S.; Satalecka, K.; Saturni, F. G.; Schleicher, B.; Schmidt, K.; Schweizer, T.; Sitarek, J.; Šnidarić, I.; Sobczynska, D.; Spolon, A.; Stamerra, A.; Strom, D.; Strzys, M.; Suda, Y.; Surić, T.; Takahashi, M.; Tavecchio, F.; Temnikov, P.; Terzić, T.; Teshima, M.; Tosti, L.; Truzzi, S.; Tutone, A.; Ubach, S.; van Scherpenberg, J.; Vanzo, G.; Vazquez Acosta, M.; Ventura, S.; Verguilov, V.; Vigorito, C. F.; Vitale, V.; Vovk, I.; Will, M.; Wunderlich, C.; Zarić, D.; VERITAS Collaboration; Adams, C. B.; Benbow, W.; Brill, A.; Capasso, M.; Christiansen, J. L.; Chromey, A. J.; Daniel, M. K.; Errando, M.; Farrell, K. A.; Feng, Q.; Finley, J. P.; Fortson, L.; Furniss, A.; Gent, A.; Giuri, C.; Hassan, T.; Hervet, O.; Holder, J.; Hughes, G.; Humensky, T. B.; Jin, W.; Kaaret, P.; Kertzman, M.; Kieda, D.; Kumar, S.; Lang, M. J.; Lundy, M.; Maier, G.; Moriarty, P.; Mukherjee, R.; Nieto, D.; Nievas-Rosillo, M.; O'Brien, S.; Ong, R. A.; Otte, A. N.; Patel, S.; Pfrang, K.; Pohl, M.; Prado, R. R.; Pueschel, E.; Quinn, J.; Ragan, K.; Reynolds, P. T.; Ribeiro, D.; Richards, G. T.; Roache, E.; Rulten, C.; Ryan, J. L.; Santander, M.; Sembroski, G. H.; Shang, R.; Weinstein, A.; Williams, D. A.; Williamson, T. J.; Eavn Collaboration; Hirota, Tomoya; Cui, Lang; Niinuma, Kotaro; Ro, Hyunwook; Sakai, Nobuyuki; Sawada-Satoh, Satoko; Wajima, Kiyoaki; Wang, Na; Liu, Xiang; Yonekura, Yoshinori, In 2017, the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) Collaboration succeeded in capturing the first direct image of the center of the M87 galaxy. The asymmetric ring morphology and size are consistent with theoretical expectations for a weakly accreting supermassive black hole of mass ∼6.5 × 109 M o˙. The EHTC also partnered with several international facilities in space and on the ground, to arrange an extensive, quasi-simultaneous multi-wavelength campaign. This Letter presents the results and analysis of this campaign, as well as the multi-wavelength data as a legacy data repository. We captured M87 in a historically low state, and the core flux dominates over HST-1 at high energies, making it possible to combine core flux constraints with the more spatially precise very long baseline interferometry data. We present the most complete simultaneous multi-wavelength spectrum of the active nucleus to date, and discuss the complexity and caveats of combining data from different spatial scales into one broadband spectrum. We apply two heuristic, isotropic leptonic single-zone models to provide insight into the basic source properties, but conclude that a structured jet is necessary to explain M87's spectrum. We can exclude that the simultaneous γ-ray emission is produced via inverse Compton emission in the same region producing the EHT mm-band emission, and further conclude that the γ-rays can only be produced in the inner jets (inward of HST-1) if there are strongly particle-dominated regions. Direct synchrotron emission from accelerated protons and secondaries cannot yet be excluded., The financial support of the German BMBF, MPG and HGF; the Italian INFN and INAF; the Swiss National Fund SNF; the ERDF under the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion (MICINN) (FPA2017-87859-P, FPA2017-85668-P, FPA2017- 82729-C6-5-R, FPA2017-90566-REDC, PID2019-104114RBC31, PID2019-104114RB-C32, PID2019-105510GB-C31,PID 2019-107847RB-C41, PID2019-107847RB-C42, PID2019- 107988GB-C22); the Indian Department of Atomic Energy; the Japanese ICRR, the University of Tokyo, JSPS, and MEXT; the Bulgarian Ministry of Education and Science, National RI Roadmap Project DO1-268/16.12.2019 and the Academy of Finland grant No. 320045 is gratefully acknowledged. This work was also supported by the Spanish Centro de Excelencia “Severo Ochoa” SEV-2016-0588 and CEX2019- 000920-S, and “Maria de Maeztu” CEX2019-000918-M, the Unidad de Excelencia “Maria de Maeztu” MDM-2015-0509- 18-2 and the “la Caixa” Foundation (fellowship LCF/BQ/ PI18/11630012) and by the CERCA program of the Generalitat de Catalunya; by the Croatian Science Foundation (HrZZ) Project IP-2016-06-9782 and the University of Rijeka Project 13.12.1.3.02; by the DFG Collaborative Research Centers SFB823/C4 and SFB876/C3; the Polish National Research Centre grant UMO-2016/22/M/ST9/00382; and by the Brazilian MCTIC, CNPq, and FAPERJ. This research is supported by grants from the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science, the U.S. National Science Foundation and the Smithsonian Institution, by NSERC in Canada, and by the Helmholtz Association in Germany. This research used resources provided by the Open Science Grid, which is supported by the National Science Foundation and the U.S. Department of Energy’s Office of Science, and resources of the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center (NERSC), a U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science User Facility operated under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. We acknowledge the excellent work of the technical support staff at the Fred Lawrence Whipple Observatory and at the collaborating institutions in the construction and operation of the instrument.
Published: 2021

29. Assessing Uncertainties in the Predicted Very-High-Energy Flux of Globular Clusters in the Cherenkov Telescope Array Era

Author: Hambeleleni Ndiyavala-Davids, Michael Backes, Christo Venter, and A. Kopp
Subjects: Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), education.field_of_study, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Population, Stacking, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Parameter space, Cherenkov Telescope Array, Pulsar, Space and Planetary Science, Globular cluster, Cluster (physics), MAGIC (telescope), education, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract: Terzan 5 is the only Galactic globular cluster that has plausibly been detected in the very-high-energy range. Stacking upper limits by H.E.S.S. on the integral $\gamma$-ray flux of a population of other globular clusters are very constraining for leptonic cluster emission models. We demonstrate that uncertainty in model parameters leads to a large spread in the predicted flux, and there are indeed regions in parameter space for which the stringent stacking upper limits are satisfied. We conduct two more case studies: we study the uncertainties in differential TeV flux for M15, showing that our model can satisfy the stringent MAGIC upper limits for this cluster, for typical cluster parameters. We also calculate the differential flux at TeV energies for $\omega$ Cen, from which five pulsars have recently been detected at radio energies. It is thus important to increase measurement accuracy on key model parameters in order to improve predictions of cluster fluxes so as to better guide the observational strategy of the Cherenkov Telescope Array., Comment: 11 pages, 10 figures
Published: 2020

30. Very high energy γ-ray emission from two blazars of unknown redshift and upper limits on their distance

Author: Johan Bregeon, J. Devin, D. Gottschall, Zorawar Wadiasingh, Tadayuki Takahashi, R. J. White, Łukasz Stawarz, V. Barbosa Martins, H.M. Schutte, Maria Haupt, Thomas Lohse, Victor Doroshenko, Domenico Tiziani, M. Lemoine-Goumard, C. Arcaro, Michal Ostrowski, J.-P. Lenain, M. Panter, U. Katz, Michael Kreter, Jim Hinton, A. Lemiere, F. Eichhorn, M. de Naurois, R. Adam, Stefan Ohm, James Davies, Stefan Funk, Alicja Wierzcholska, Michael Punch, S. Sailer, Dmitry Khangulyan, D. A. Sanchez, H. Abdalla, M. Zacharias, M. A. Kastendieck, Stefano Gabici, T. Vuillaume, Rafal Moderski, R. J. Tuffs, N. Shafi, Natalia Żywucka, A. Fiasson, Samuel Timothy Spencer, M. Spir-Jacob, M. Seglar-Arroyo, Alexandre Marcowith, A. Santangelo, V. Baghmanyan, Nu. Komin, T. Chand, Jhilik Majumdar, J. Dyks, V. Joshi, P. deWilt, F. Ait Benkhali, L. Oakes, J. Bolmont, Mischa Breuhaus, Heike Prokoph, E. O. Angüner, G. Lamanna, Anton Dmytriiev, Davit Zargaryan, Ruizhi Yang, Q. Piel, Dmitriy Kostunin, Krzysztof Katarzynski, Catherine Boisson, Axel Donath, A. W. Chen, S. Caroff, V. Sahakian, F. Werner, G. Pühlhofer, Arnaud Mares, D. Jankowsky, R. Marx, M. Füßling, S. Schwemmer, Q. Remy, R. Rauth, Dieter Horns, G. Maurin, Y. A. Gallant, Marek Jamrozy, Clemens Hoischen, A. A. Zdziarski, A.S. Seyffert, R. Konno, M. Barnard, S. Nakashima, Anna Barnacka, Gavin Rowell, M. Mohamed, Riaan Steenkamp, M. Bryan, Helene Sol, A. Carosi, M. Hörbe, Sylvia Zhu, P. J. Meintjes, Michelle Tsirou, Christian Stegmann, Stefan Wagner, E. de Oña Wilhelmi, D. Malyshev, S. Raab, Yasunobu Uchiyama, J. Zorn, L. Rinchiuso, Isak Delberth Davids, Kirsty Feijen, Frank M. Rieger, Pierre Brun, R. D. Parsons, T. Tavernier, Jean-Pierre Ernenwein, I. Jung-Richardt, Jason John Watson, Roberta Zanin, L. Mohrmann, V. Poireau, Gianluca Giavitto, C. van Rensburg, S. Pita, Johannes Veh, K. Bernlöhr, H. Yoneda, Paolo Marchegiani, M. Tluczykont, D. J. van der Walt, A. Djannati-Ataï, Francois Brun, P. Vincent, Markus Holler, Misao Sasaki, Felix Jankowsky, Jacek Niemiec, V. Marandon, C. Trichard, H. Odaka, Felix Aharonian, Olaf Reimer, S. Bonnefoy, Constantin Steppa, Garret Cotter, Celine Armand, Michael Backes, E. Ruiz-Velasco, Thomas Bylund, D. Huber, M.-H. Grondin, Tim Holch, E. Leser, Thomas Murach, Joachim Hahn, J. Muller, G. Hermann, Regis Terrier, D. A. Prokhorov, K. Kosack, C. Levy, Ullrich Schwanke, Naomi Tsuji, Carlo Romoli, Angel Noel, Jonathan Mackey, D. Berge, Gerard Fontaine, B. Peyaud, Iryna Lypova, S. Chandra, L. Giunti, M. Katsuragawa, Yvonne Becherini, C. Moore, Dorit Glawion, K. Egberts, E. Moulin, A. Reimer, Tomasz Bulik, Halim Ashkar, Andreas Quirrenbach, M. Böttcher, Paul J. Morris, Kleopas Shiningayamwe, P. T. O'Brien, Lenka Tomankova, C. van Eldik, L. Dirson, J. F. Glicenstein, Tom Armstrong, Matteo Cerruti, H. Ndiyavala, B. van Soelen, B. Rudak, F. Schüssler, Werner Hofmann, M. Büchele, S. J. Fegan, F. Niederwanger, Bruno Khelifi, Jacco Vink, Sabrina Casanova, M. Curyło, Rachel Simoni, Masanori Arakawa, M. Scalici, G. Martí-Devesa, H. Iwasaki, G. Vasileiadis, Włodek Kluźniak, Christoph Deil, Mohanraj Senniappan, G. Emery, S. Saito, Armelle Jardin-Blicq, K. Nakashima, Heinrich J. Völk, M. Renaud, A. Sinha, Christo Venter, A. Zech, A.M. Taylor, Andreas Specovius, Stefan Klepser, Faculty of Science, High Energy Astrophys. & Astropart. Phys (API, FNWI), Gravitation and Astroparticle Physics Amsterdam, Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet (LLR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille (CPPM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Galaxies, Etoiles, Physique, Instrumentation (GEPI), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE (UMR_7585)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier (LUPM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2), Centre d'Etudes Nucléaires de Bordeaux Gradignan (CENBG), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), H.E.S.S., German Research Foundation, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (France), Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Science and Technology Facilities Council (UK), Fundación 'la Caixa', National Aeronautics and Space Administration (US), H.E.S.S. Collaboration, Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), 26598973 - Abdalla, Hassan, 30588766 - Arcaro, Cornelia, 28644743 - Backes, Michael, 20574266 - Barnard, Monica, 24420530 - Böttcher, Markus, 30366755 - Chand, Tej B., 31125417 - Chandra, Sunil, 33379009 - Kreter, Michael, 26403366 - Ndiyavala, Hambeleleni, 22799133 - Schutte, Hester M., 20126999 - Seyffert, Albertus Stefanus, 10060499 - Van der Walt, Diederick Johannes, 21106266 - Van Rensburg, Carlo, 12006653 - Venter, Christo, 26594080 - Wadiasingh, Zorawar, 29092086 - Zacharias, Michael, and 34208968 - Zywucka-Hejzner, Natalia
Subjects: individual [BL Lacertae objects], Swift Gamma-Ray Burst Mission, VHE [gamma ray], satellite, Resolved and unresolved sources as a function of wavelength, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, GLAST, blazar, high-redshift [Galaxies], galaxies: high-redshift, 5/3, HESS, 0103 physical sciences, Atom, High Energy Stereoscopic System, Spectroscopy, Blazar, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, BL Lacertae objects: individual, Astroparticle physics, Physics, general [Gamma-rays], energy: high, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, gamma-rays: general, redshift, Redshift, gamma ray: VHE, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, ddc:520, high [energy], HESS - Abteilung Hinton, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope
Abstract: H.E.S.S. Collaboration: et al., We report on the detection of very high energy (VHE; E > 100 GeV) γ-ray emission from the BL Lac objects KUV 00311−1938 and PKS 1440−389 with the High Energy Stereoscopic System (H.E.S.S.). H.E.S.S. observations were accompanied or preceded by multiwavelength observations with Fermi/LAT, XRT and UVOT onboard the Swift satellite, and ATOM. Based on an extrapolation of the Fermi/LAT spectrum towards the VHE γ-ray regime, we deduce a 95 per cent confidence level upper limit on the unknown redshift of KUV 00311−1938 of z < 0.98 and of PKS 1440−389 of z < 0.53. When combined with previous spectroscopy results, the redshift of KUV 00311−1938 is constrained to 0.51 ≤ z < 0.98 and of PKS 1440−389 to 0.14 ⪅ z < 0.53., The support of the Namibian authorities and of the University of Namibia in facilitating the construction and operation of H.E.S.S. is gratefully acknowledged, as is the support by the German Ministry for Education and Research (BMBF), the Max Planck Society, the German Research Foundation (DFG), the Helmholtz Association, the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, the French Ministry of Higher Education, Research and Innovation, the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS/IN2P3 and CNRS/INSU), the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives (CEA), the U.K. Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC), the Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation, the National Science Centre, Poland grant no. 2016/22/M/ST9/00382, the South African Department of Science and Technology and National Research Foundation, the University of Namibia, the National Commission on Research, Science and Technology of Namibia (NCRST), the Austrian Federal Ministry of Education, Science and Research and the Austrian Science Fund (FWF), the Australian Research Council (ARC), the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, and the University of Amsterdam. We appreciate the excellent work of the technical support staff in Berlin, Zeuthen, Heidelberg, Palaiseau, Paris, Saclay, Tubingen, and in Namibia in the construction and operation of the equipment. This work benefited from services provided by the H.E.S.S. Virtual Organisation, supported by the national resource providers of the EGI Federation. The H.E.S.S. and Fermi/LAT analysis computations were performed on resources provided by the Swedish National Infrastructure for Computing (SNIC) at Lunarc. Tomas Bylund and Yvonne Becherini wish to acknowledge the support of the Data Intensive Sciences and Applications (DISA) centre at Linnaeus University. Matteo Cerruti has received financial support through the Postdoctoral Junior Leader Fellowship Programme from “la Caixa” Foundation (LCF/BQ/PI18/11630012). This research made use of the NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database (NED) and of the SIMBAD Astronomical Database, of data products from the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, which is a joint project of the University of California, Los Angeles, and the Jet Propulsion Laboratory/California Institute of Technology, funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. We acknowledge the use of public data from the Swift data archive. This research made use of Gammapy, a community- developed core Python package for gamma-ray astronomy (Deil et al. 2017). This research has made use of data and software provided by the Fermi Science Support Center, managed by the HEASARC at the Goddard Space Flight Center. Part of this work is based on archival data, software or online services provided by the Space Science Data Center - ASI. This research has made use of the VizieR catalogue access tool, CDS, Strasbourg, France (doi:10.26093/cds/vizier). The original description of the VizieR service was published in A&AS 143, 23. This research has made use of the NASA/IPAC Infrared Science Archive, which is funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and operated by the California Institute of Technology.
Published: 2020

31. X-ray Through Very-High-Energy Intrabinary Shock Emission from Black Widows and Redbacks

Author: Albert Harding, Matthew G. Baring, Zorawar Wadiasingh, C. J. T. van der Merwe, and Christo Venter
Subjects: Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), High energy, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, X-ray, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Gamma-ray astronomy, Astrophysics, Shock (mechanics), Stellar wind, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, Millisecond pulsar, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
Abstract: Black widow and redback systems are compact binaries in which a millisecond pulsar heats and may even ablate its low-mass companion by its intense wind of relativistic particles and radiation. In such systems, an intrabinary shock can form as a site of particle acceleration and associated non-thermal emission. We model the X-ray and gamma-ray synchrotron and inverse-Compton spectral components for select spider binaries, including diffusion, convection and radiative energy losses in an axially-symmetric, steady-state approach. Our new multi-zone code simultaneously yields energy-dependent light curves and orbital phase-resolved spectra. Using parameter studies and matching the observed X-ray spectra and light curves, and Fermi Large Area Telescope spectra where available, with a synchrotron component, we can constrain certain model parameters. For PSR J1723--2837 these are notably the magnetic field and bulk flow speed of plasma moving along the shock tangent, the shock acceleration efficiency, and the multiplicity and spectrum of pairs accelerated by the pulsar. This affords a more robust prediction of the expected high-energy and very-high-energy gamma-ray flux. We find that nearby pulsars with hot or flaring companions may be promising targets for the future Cherenkov Telescope Array. Moreover, many spiders are likely to be of significant interest to future MeV-band missions such as AMEGO and e-ASTROGAM., Comment: 29 pages, 19 figures, accepted to The Astrophysical Journal
Published: 2020
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32. Detection of very-high-energy γ -ray emission from the colliding wind binary η Car with H.E.S.S

Author: E. O. Angüner, Ramin Marx, M. Panter, U. Katz, G. Heinzelmann, Iryna Lypova, S. Nakashima, Yvonne Becherini, G. Martí-Devesa, Stefan Klepser, H. Yoneda, A. Fiasson, L. Giunti, P. deWilt, J. King, R. Adam, I. Jung-Richardt, James Davies, F. Eichhorn, Michael Punch, Maria Haupt, R. J. Tuffs, Michal Ostrowski, J.-P. Lenain, Stefan Ohm, Łukasz Stawarz, J. F. Glicenstein, Frank M. Rieger, Markus Holler, Michelle Tsirou, C. Levy, S. Pita, S. Colafrancesco, L. Rinchiuso, Q. Remy, Felix Jankowsky, J. Zorn, M.-H. Grondin, Mischa Breuhaus, C. Arcaro, Stefano Gabici, F. Niederwanger, Jacco Vink, Sabrina Casanova, Halim Ashkar, M. Curyło, Stefan Funk, Alicja Wierzcholska, Gavin Rowell, M. Bryan, Felix Aharonian, N. Shafi, R. D. Parsons, H. Ndiyavala, B. van Soelen, B. Rudak, Dmitriy Kostunin, K. Nakashima, Nu. Komin, Natalia Żywucka, M. de Naurois, T. Chand, Jhilik Majumdar, L. Oakes, A. Lemière, Heinrich J. Völk, M. Renaud, R. Rauth, Axel Donath, A. W. Chen, M. Büchele, S. Eschbach, M. Barnard, Marek Jamrozy, J. Bolmont, Gianluca Giavitto, K. Bernlöhr, Helene Sol, V. Poireau, H. Odaka, M. Füßling, Jacek Niemiec, Rafal Moderski, C. Perennes, K. Egberts, Dieter Horns, Olaf Reimer, M. Lemoine-Goumard, J. Dyks, Ruizhi Yang, Francois Brun, Reinhard Schlickeiser, Zorawar Wadiasingh, M. Böttcher, Michael Kreter, S. Chandra, Paolo Marchegiani, P. Vincent, S. J. Fegan, A. Djannati-Ataï, V. Barbosa Martins, S. Raab, L. Dirson, F. Gaté, Kirsty Feijen, S. Bonnefoy, Constantin Steppa, Alexandre Marcowith, M. Zacharias, Rachel Simoni, Masanori Arakawa, Celine Armand, Thomas Murach, Joachim Hahn, T. Vuillaume, A. Schulz, Clemens Hoischen, A. A. Zdziarski, Ullrich Schwanke, V. Joshi, V. Sahakian, A. Carosi, F. Werner, F. Ait Benkhali, E. de Oña Wilhelmi, Anton Dmytriiev, Isak Delberth Davids, S. Schwemmer, Arnaud Mares, Andrea Santangelo, Jim Hinton, Roberta Zanin, C. Trichard, S. Sailer, Dmitry Khangulyan, P. J. Meintjes, Tom Armstrong, Matteo Cerruti, D. A. Sanchez, M. Seglar-Arroyo, P.-O. Petrucci, Johan Bregeon, R. J. White, J. Devin, F. Schüssler, M. Scalici, A. Priyana Noel, Domenico Tiziani, D. Malyshev, Tadayuki Takahashi, A.M. Taylor, Werner Hofmann, Michael Backes, Jonathan Mackey, Victor Doroshenko, Gilles Henri, Heike Prokoph, C. Moore, Q. Piel, Dorit Glawion, Tim Holch, E. Moulin, Tomasz Bulik, S. Caroff, D. Huber, Marion Spir-Jacob, G. Maurin, H. Iwasaki, A.S. Seyffert, Naomi Tsuji, D. Jankowsky, Gerard Fontaine, M. Katsuragawa, Andreas Quirrenbach, Hester Schutte, Riaan Steenkamp, Andreas Specovius, Christian Stegmann, Stefan Wagner, Yasunobu Uchiyama, L. Mohrmann, C. van Rensburg, Misao Sasaki, D. J. van der Walt, M. Hörbe, T. Tavernier, E. Leser, P. T. O'Brien, B. Khélifi, G. Hermann, Regis Terrier, Carlo Romoli, Christo Venter, Y. A. Gallant, Atreyee Sinha, C. van Eldik, A. Zech, M. Mohamed, Garret Cotter, D. A. Prokhorov, K. Kosack, B. Peyaud, G. Pühlhofer, A. Reimer, Pierre Brun, Jean-Pierre Ernenwein, Johannes Veh, R. Blackwell, E. Ruiz-Velasco, G. Emery, S. Saito, Thomas Bylund, M. Tluczykont, Armelle Jardin-Blicq, Jacques Muller, Samuel Timothy Spencer, H. Abdalla, M. A. Kastendieck, G. Vasileiadis, Włodek Kluźniak, Krzysztof Katarzynski, Catherine Boisson, Christoph Deil, Mohanraj Senniappan, D. Berge, Paul J. Morris, Kleopas Shiningayamwe, Lenka Tomankova, Jason John Watson, V. Marandon, D. Gottschall, Thomas Lohse, G. Lamanna, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Southern California Earthquake Center, EGI Foundation, Science and Technology Facilities Council (UK), Australian Research Council, German Research Foundation, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, University of Amsterdam, Federal Ministry of Education and Research (Germany), Austrian Science Fund, Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation, Max Planck Society, National Science Centre (Poland), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (France), Commissariat à l'Ènergie Atomique et aux Ènergies Alternatives (France), Helmholtz Association, National Commission on Research Science and Technology (Namibia), University of Namibia, Federal Ministry of Education, Science and Research (Austria), Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet (LLR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille (CPPM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Laboratoire Univers et Théories (LUTH (UMR_8102)), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE (UMR_7585)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier (LUPM), Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Etudes Nucléaires de Bordeaux Gradignan (CENBG), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), H.E.S.S., Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Météo-France -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Météo-France, H.E.S.S. Collaboration, Faculty of Science, High Energy Astrophys. & Astropart. Phys (API, FNWI), Gravitation and Astroparticle Physics Amsterdam, and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)
Subjects: individual: η CarStars: Wolf-Rayet [Stars], Photon, stars: individual: η Car, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Flux, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, cosmic rays, 0103 physical sciences, individual: η Car [stars], High Energy Stereoscopic System, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Cosmic rays, Colliding-wind binary, Astroparticle physics, Physics, Spectral index, non-thermal [Radiation mechanisms], [SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], general [Binaries], 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, radiation mechanisms: non-thermal, Wolf-Rayet [stars], binaries: general, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], astroparticle physics, ddc:520, HESS - Abteilung Hinton, stars: Wolf-Rayet, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Stars: individual: η CarStars: Wolf-Rayet, Noise (radio)
Abstract: Aims. Colliding wind binary systems have long been suspected to be high-energy (HE; 100 MeV < E < 100 GeV) {\gamma}-ray emitters. {\eta} Car is the most prominent member of this object class and is confirmed to emit phase-locked HE {\gamma} rays from hundreds of MeV to ~100 GeV energies. This work aims to search for and characterise the very-high-energy (VHE; E >100 GeV) {\gamma}-ray emission from {\eta} Car around the last periastron passage in 2014 with the ground-based High Energy Stereoscopic System (H.E.S.S.). Methods. The region around {\eta} Car was observed with H.E.S.S. between orbital phase p = 0.78 - 1.10, with a closer sampling at p {\approx} 0.95 and p {\approx} 1.10 (assuming a period of 2023 days). Optimised hardware settings as well as adjustments to the data reduction, reconstruction, and signal selection were needed to suppress and take into account the strong, extended, and inhomogeneous night sky background (NSB) in the {\eta} Car field of view. Tailored run-wise Monte-Carlo simulations (RWS) were required to accurately treat the additional noise from NSB photons in the instrument response functions. Results. H.E.S.S. detected VHE {\gamma}-ray emission from the direction of {\eta} Car shortly before and after the minimum in the X-ray light-curve close to periastron. Using the point spread function provided by RWS, the reconstructed signal is point-like and the spectrum is best described by a power law. The overall flux and spectral index in VHE {\gamma} rays agree within statistical and systematic errors before and after periastron. The {\gamma}-ray spectrum extends up to at least ~400 GeV. This implies a maximum magnetic field in a leptonic scenario in the emission region of 0.5 Gauss. No indication for phase-locked flux variations is detected in the H.E.S.S. data., Comment: 9 pages, 4 figures, 3 tables, in press with A&A
Published: 2020

33. A NICER View of Spectral and Profile Evolution for Three X-ray Emitting Millisecond Pulsars

Author: Zaven Arzoumanian, Lauren Lugo, Paul S. Ray, Slavko Bogdanov, Julia Deneva, Scott M. Ransom, Matthew Kerr, Elizabeth Spano, Keith C. Gendreau, Christo Venter, Andrea N. Lommen, Sebastien Guillot, Kent S. Wood, Natalia Lewandowska, D. M. Rowan, Craig B. Markwardt, Alice K. Harding, Renee M. Ludlam, Zaynab Ghazi, Teruaki Enoto, Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and 12006653 - Venter, Christo
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Context (language use), Astrophysics, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Neutron stars, X-ray astronomy, Pulsar, Millisecond pulsar, 0103 physical sciences, Emission spectrum, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, Millisecond pulsars, Neutron Star Interior Composition Explorer, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Pulse (physics), Neutron star, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract: We present two years of Neutron star Interior Composition Explorer (NICER) X-ray observations of three energetic rotation-powered millisecond pulsars (MSPs): PSRs B1937+21, B1821-24, and J0218+4232. We fit Gaussians and Lorentzians to the pulse profiles for different energy sub-bands of the soft X-ray regime to measure the energy dependence of pulse separation and width. We find that the separation between pulse components of PSR J0218+4232 decreases with increasing energy at $\gt 3\sigma$ confidence. The 95% upper limit on pulse separation evolution for PSRs B1937+21 and B1821-24 is less than 2 milliperiods per keV. Our phase-resolved spectral results provide updated constraints on the non-thermal X-ray emission of these three pulsars. The photon indices of the modeled X-ray emission spectra for each pulse component of PSR B1937+21 are inconsistent with each other at the 90% confidence level, suggesting different emission origins for each pulse. We find that the PSR B1821-24 and PSR J0218+4232 emission spectra are invariant with phase at the 90% confidence level. We describe the implications of our profile and spectral results in the context of equatorial current sheet emission models for these three MSPs with non-thermal, magnetospheric X-ray emission., Comment: 16 pages, 13 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Published: 2020

34. Exploiting morphological data from Pulsar Wind Nebulae via a spatiotemporal leptonic transport code

Author: Christo Venter, A. S. Seyffert, Alice K. Harding, C. van Rensburg, 21106266 - Van Rensburg, Carlo, 12006653 - Venter, Christo, and 20126999 - Seyffert, Albertus Stefanus
Subjects: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Astroparticle physics, Physics, general [Gamma-rays], non-thermal [Radiation mechanisms], numerical [Methods], Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, supernova remnants [ISM], FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Radius, Astrophysics, law.invention, Telescope, Pulsar, Space and Planetary Science, law, Test statistic, Spectral energy distribution, Surface brightness, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Cherenkov radiation
Abstract: The next era of ground-based Cherenkov telescope development will see a great increase in both quantity and quality of $\gamma$-ray morphological data. This initiated the development of a spatio-temporal leptonic transport code to model pulsar wind nebulae. We present results from this code that predicts the evolution of the leptonic particle spectrum and radiation at different radii in a spherically-symmetric source. We simultaneously fit the overall broadband spectral energy distribution, the surface brightness profile and the X-ray photon index vs.\ radius for PWN 3C~58, PWN G21.5$-$0.9 and PWN G0.9+0.1. Such concurrent fitting of disparate data sets is non-trivial and we thus investigate the utility of different goodness-of-fit statistics, specifically the traditional $\chi^2$ test statistic and a newly developed scaled-flux-normalised test statistic to obtain best-fit parameters. We find reasonable fits to the spatial and spectral data of all three sources, but note some remaining degeneracies that will have to be broken by future observations., Comment: 13 Pages, 13 Figures. 4 Tables
Published: 2020

35. Resolving the Crab pulsar wind nebula at teraelectronvolt energies

Author: Natalia Żywucka, M. de Naurois, T. Chand, Frank M. Rieger, J. Bolmont, S. Colafrancesco, Ruizhi Yang, W. Kluźniak, S. Eschbach, Jim Hinton, R. Simoni, Dmitry Khangulyan, Christopher J. Moore, G. Fontaine, M. Büchele, D. A. Sanchez, T. Tavernier, L. Mohrmann, Denys Malyshev, J. Veh, S. Klepser, B. Khélifi, H. M. Schutte, C. Perennes, D. Glawion, Christoph Deil, Mohanraj Senniappan, A.A. Zdziarski, A. Djannati-Ataï, Y.A. Gallant, Gavin Rowell, Stefan Funk, T. Takahashi, Gianluca Giavitto, Axel Donath, A. W. Chen, M. Bryan, J. Dyks, D. Zaborov, I. Oya, G. Heinzelmann, K. Shiningayamwe, T. Lohse, Yvonne Becherini, M. Renaud, H. Iwasaki, M. Holler, J.-P. Ernenwein, P. Vincent, R. D. Parsons, G. Emery, H. Odaka, Christo Venter, D. Huber, M. Arakawa, D. Berge, M. Capasso, Matteo Cerruti, Nachiketa Chakraborty, F. Niederwanger, A. Marcowith, A. Zech, E. Leser, Jacco Vink, R. Rauth, Sabrina Casanova, C. Arcaro, I. Jung-Richardt, T. Vuillaume, G. Hermann, D. Gottschall, Werner Hofmann, Regis Terrier, J. Becker Tjus, A. Schulz, Carlo Romoli, M. Panter, M. Seglar-Arroyo, H. Ndiyavala, B. van Soelen, Felix Aharonian, M. Haupt, Lukasz Stawarz, Michael Punch, V. Doroshenko, M. Spir-Jacob, R. Tuffs, R. C. G. Chaves, E. O. Angüner, A. Priyana Noel, L. O'c. Drury, S. Saito, J.F. Glicenstein, D. J. van der Walt, S. Raab, Andreas Quirrenbach, C. Steppa, J.-P. Lenain, N. Shafi, K. Egberts, Robert Wagner, K. Kosack, J. Hahn, Reinhard Schlickeiser, M. Tsirou, G. Vasileiadis, M. Kraus, S. Chandra, S. Nakashima, G. Martí-Devesa, M. Katsuragawa, Ruben Lopez-Coto, M.-H. Grondin, M. Böttcher, R. Blackwell, E. Ruiz-Velasco, L. Dirson, Stefan Ohm, Léa Jouvin, S. Pita, F. Schüssler, P. deWilt, J. King, F. Voisin, Julien Lefaucheur, A. Dmytriiev, R. Moderski, S. Gabici, A. Fiasson, J. Lau, L. Oakes, I.D. Davids, Alison Mitchell, L. Rinchiuso, P.J. Meintjes, Heike Prokoph, Zorawar Wadiasingh, R. J. White, S. Fegan, Dieter Horns, V. Poireau, Monica Barnard, P.-O. Petrucci, H. Abdalla, D. Jankowsky, Q. Piel, C. Stegmann, Nu. Komin, Marek Jamrozy, Catherine Boisson, Helene Sol, Pierre Brun, A.S. Seyffert, A. Carosi, M. Füßling, M.A. Kastendieck, S. Bonnefoy, N. Tsuji, F. Gaté, J. Devin, G. Henri, D. A. Prokhorov, D. Tiziani, C. Hoischen, Ullrich Schwanke, A. Specovius, R. Steenkamp, A. Reimer, J. Bregeon, Francois Brun, B. Condon, Michael Backes, H. Yoneda, Tim Holch, M. Tluczykont, E. Moulin, Tomasz Bulik, T. Bylund, A. Jacholkowska, S. Caroff, Celine Armand, F. Jankowsky, Stefan Wagner, Yasunobu Uchiyama, C. van Rensburg, M. Zacharias, C. Trichard, F. Ait Benkhali, Manami Sasaki, S. Schwemmer, Andrea Santangelo, A. Ziegler, G. Maurin, A. Wierzcholska, C. Mariaud, Jacek Niemiec, Olaf Reimer, Thomas Murach, A. Lemière, M. Lemoine-Goumard, I. Shilon, Heinrich J. Völk, R. Marx, P. Bordas, I. Lypova, G. Lamanna, J. Zorn, U. Katz, J.-P. Tavernet, B. Rudak, V. Marandon, K. Katarzyński, A.M. Taylor, V. Sahakian, M. Mohamed, M. Ostrowski, Konrad Bernlöhr, B. Peyaud, G. Pühlhofer, R. Zanin, P. T. O'Brien, Atreyee Sinha, C. van Eldik, Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille (CPPM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Univers et Théories (LUTH (UMR_8102)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE (UMR_7585)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier (LUPM), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet (LLR), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Etudes Nucléaires de Bordeaux Gradignan (CENBG), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Météo-France -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Météo-France, H.E.S.S., Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP/Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), European Commission, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Armagh Observatory, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Faculty of Science, High Energy Astrophys. & Astropart. Phys (API, FNWI), Gravitation and Astroparticle Physics Amsterdam, 26598973 - Abdalla, Hassan, 30588766 - Arcaro, Cornelia, 28644743 - Backes, Michael, 20574266 - Barnard, Monica, 24420530 - Böttcher, Markus, 30366755 - Chand, Tej B., 31125417 - Chandra, Sunil, 26403366 - Ndiyavala, Hambeleleni, 10060499 - Van der Walt, Diederick Johannes, 12006653 - Venter, Christo, 26594080 - Wadiasingh, Zorawar, 22799133 - Schutte, Hester M., 20126999 - Seyffert, Albertus Stefanus, 29092086 - Zacharias, Michael, and Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Electromagnetic spectrum, electron: relativistic, magnetic field, Astrophysics, positron: energy, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Pulsar wind nebula, particle: acceleration, Raigs gamma, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, HESS - Abteilung Hofmann, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, pulsar, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Nebula, radio wave, [SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], 4. Education, [SDU.ASTR.HE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE], photon, Gamma ray, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, High-energy astrophysics, Particle astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Camps magnètics, accelerator, High-energy astronomy, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, gap, X-ray, energy loss: rotation, Pulsar, 0103 physical sciences, synchrotron, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, gamma ray: energy, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Crab Pulsar, Gamma rays, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Crab Nebula, electromagnetic, gamma ray: VHE, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Magnetic fields, ddc:520, Physics::Accelerator Physics
Abstract: arXiv:1909.09494v2, H.E.S.S. Collaboration: et al., The support of the Namibian authorities and of the University of Namibia in facilitating the construction and operation of H.E.S.S. is gratefully acknowledged, as is the support by the German Ministry for Education and Research (BMBF), the Max Planck Society, the German Research Foundation (DFG), the Helmholtz Association, the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, the French Ministry of Higher Education, Research and Innovation, the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS/IN2P3 and CNRS/INSU), the Commissariat à l’énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), the UK Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC), the Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation, the National Science Centre, Poland (grant number 2016/22/M/ST9/00382), the South African Department of Science and Technology and the National Research Foundation, the University of Namibia, the National Commission on Research, Science and Technology of Namibia (NCRST), the Austrian Federal Ministry of Education, Science and Research and the Austrian Science Fund (FWF), the Australian Research Council (ARC), the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science and the University of Amsterdam. We appreciate the excellent work of the technical support staff in Berlin, Zeuthen, Heidelberg, Palaiseau, Paris, Saclay, Tübingen and Namibia in the construction and operation of the equipment. This work benefited from services provided by the H.E.S.S. Virtual Organisation, supported by the national resource providers of the EGI Federation. R.C.G.C. was funded by EU FP7 Marie Curie (grant agreement number PIEF-GA-2012-332350).
Published: 2020

36. How worthwhile is it to maximise customer satisfaction in public transport service contracts with a large captive user base? The case of South Africa

Author: Mathetha T Mokonyama and Christo Venter
Subjects: Finance, Service (business), 050210 logistics & transportation, Service quality, business.industry, media_common.quotation_subject, 05 social sciences, Economics, Econometrics and Finance (miscellaneous), 0211 other engineering and technologies, 021107 urban & regional planning, Transportation, Subsidy, 02 engineering and technology, Order (exchange), Public transport, 0502 economics and business, Quality (business), Customer satisfaction, business, Emerging markets, media_common
Abstract: While improved service quality is critical for improved patronage of public transport services, in markets characterised by large proportions of captive public transport users, typically found in developing or emerging economies, the marginal benefits of improved service quality are not apparent. For cost-conscious public transport operators, therefore, it may be more convenient and logical to keep service improvements at a bare minimum, or to cut services altogether, in order to reduce operating costs. As a follow-up to Mokonyama and Venter (2013), the paper uses historical financial and patronage data from existing bus contracts in South Africa and a conjoint-analysis based behavioural model to estimate the budgetary implications, and marginal benefits, of specifying service quality in public transport contracts. This is especially relevant in an environment like South Africa, in which authorities seek some formulation of Pigouvian subsidy oriented transport policy. It is shown that the marginal benefits of improved service quality can be significant relative to the business as usual alternative. The non-linear response surface characterising the relationship between probability of using a service and the quality of the service implies that increased satisfaction of both captive and non-captive users produces disproportionately higher benefits for both and society.
Published: 2018

37. Does public transport accessibility enhance subjective well-being? A study of the City of Johannesburg

Author: Nahungu Lionjanga and Christo Venter
Subjects: 050210 logistics & transportation, business.industry, media_common.quotation_subject, 05 social sciences, Economics, Econometrics and Finance (miscellaneous), 0211 other engineering and technologies, Foundation (engineering), 021107 urban & regional planning, Transportation, 02 engineering and technology, Transport engineering, Quality of life (healthcare), Excellence, Public transport, 0502 economics and business, Well-being, Business, Subjective well-being, Bus rapid transit, media_common
Abstract: Preparation of the paper was partly sponsored by the Volvo Education and Research Foundation via the BRT + Centre of Excellence.
Published: 2018

38. Workshop 6 report: Wider impacts of public transport and successful implementation of desirable and beneficial projects

Author: Christo Venter and Wai Yan Leong
Subjects: Value (ethics), 050210 logistics & transportation, Cost–benefit analysis, Public economics, business.industry, Impact assessment, 05 social sciences, Economics, Econometrics and Finance (miscellaneous), 0211 other engineering and technologies, 021107 urban & regional planning, Transportation, 02 engineering and technology, Space (commercial competition), Option value, Competition (economics), Work (electrical), Public transport, 0502 economics and business, business, Psychology
Abstract: This paper synthesizes evidence from Workshop 6 ‘Wider impacts of public transport and successful implementation of desirable and beneficial projects’ of the 15th International Conference on Competition and Ownership in Land Passenger Transport. The purpose of the workshop was to consider recent advances in identifying, understanding, and measuring the wider impacts of public transport, defined as those not typically included in assessments of direct user and system costs and benefits. While not all impacts are as yet well understood, progress is being made both conceptually and methodologically. A promising methodological convergence is apparent between disciplines dealing with different aspects of the social value of transport – for instance psychology and geography – and between different possibly overlapping definitions of wider impacts – such as accessibility, option value, and agglomeration benefits. The workshop also delved more deeply into the role of Cost-Benefit Analysis (CBA) and wider impact assessment in decision making. Case studies show that CBA does not inform decisions around project implementation as deeply as it might, and that assessments of wider benefits may open up space for manipulation of outcomes by vested interests. The workshop concluded that more work is needed on appraisal frameworks that are sufficiently transparent and rigorous to avoid abuse, and called for more case studies on the interaction between impact assessment and the political economy of institutions and decision makers.
Published: 2018

39. Identifying the brightest Galactic globular clusters for future observations by H.E.S.S. and CTA

Author: P. P. Krüger, H. Ndiyavala, and Christo Venter
Subjects: Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Population, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Pulsar, Millisecond pulsar, 0103 physical sciences, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, High Energy Stereoscopic System, 010306 general physics, education, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, education.field_of_study, Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Cherenkov Telescope Array, Galaxy, Space and Planetary Science, Globular cluster, Spectral energy distribution, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: We present results from an emission code that assumes millisecond pulsars (MSPs) to be sources of relativistic particles in globular clusters (GCs) and models the resulting spectral energy distribution (SED) of Galactic GCs due to these particle's interaction with the cluster magnetic and soft-photon fields. We solve a transport equation for leptons and calculate inverse Compton (IC) and synchrotron radiation (SR) to make predictions for the flux expected from Galactic GCs. We perform a parameter study and also constrain model parameters for three GCs using gamma-ray and X-ray data. We next study the detectability of 16 Galactic GCs for the High Energy Stereoscopic System (H.E.S.S.) and the Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA), ranking them according to their predicted TeV flux. The spectrum of each cluster and therefore the detectability ranking is very sensitive to the choice of parameters. We expect H.E.S.S. to detect two more GCs (in addition to Terzan 5), i.e., 47 Tucanae and NGC 6388, if these clusters are observed for 100 hours. The five most promising GCs for CTA are NGC 6388, 47 Tucanae, Terzan 5, Djorg 2, and Terzan 10. We lastly expect CTA to detect more than half of the known Galactic GCs population, depending on observation time and model parameters., Accepted for publication by MNRAS, 13 pages and 26 figures
Published: 2017

40. H.E.S.S. and Suzaku observations of the Vela X pulsar wind nebula

Author: P. deWilt, J. King, C. Mariaud, J. Zorn, J. Dyks, Matteo Cerruti, Nachiketa Chakraborty, Jacek Niemiec, D. J. van der Walt, Florian Gaté, R. C. G. Chaves, E. O. Angüner, G. Lamanna, S. Nakashima, Olaf Reimer, H. Yoneda, Werner Hofmann, J. Lau, Michelle Tsirou, N. Shafi, Natalia Żywucka, M. de Naurois, Michael Punch, L. Rinchiuso, Michael Backes, Sami Caroff, Thomas Murach, D. A. Prokhorov, K. Kosack, Konrad Bernlöhr, M.-H. Grondin, G. Emery, Stefan Ohm, S. Saito, Axel Donath, A. W. Chen, F. Niederwanger, Markus Böttcher, M. Seglar-Arroyo, S. Pita, G. Pühlhofer, Krzysztof Katarzynski, Tim Holch, Ramin Marx, M. Panter, U. Katz, Jacco Vink, Catherine Boisson, A. Reimer, Marek Jamrozy, Ruizhi Yang, Stefano Gabici, Naomi Tsuji, Emmanuel Moulin, Pierre Brun, V. Marandon, I. Oya, M. Kraus, Helene Sol, I. Shilon, Sabrina Casanova, M. Büchele, F. Ait Benkhali, Anton Dmytriiev, Jean-Pierre Ernenwein, A. Fiasson, Manami Sasaki, L. Oakes, C. Perennes, S. Schwemmer, Andrea Santangelo, J. Bolmont, S. J. Fegan, A. Djannati-Ataï, R. D. Parsons, V. Poireau, Dieter Horns, D. Jankowsky, Johannes Veh, M. Tluczykont, F. Schüssler, A. Schulz, S. Bonnefoy, H. Abdalla, M. A. Kastendieck, T. Chand, G. Vasileiadis, Constantin Steppa, E. de Oña Wilhelmi, Isak Delberth Davids, M. Mohamed, E. Leser, Włodek Kluźniak, Roberta Zanin, Y. A. Gallant, Clemens Hoischen, A. A. Zdziarski, Nu. Komin, Iryna Lypova, Gianluca Giavitto, Heinrich J. Völk, Yvonne Becherini, P. T. O'Brien, Ullrich Schwanke, M. Renaud, B. van Soelen, B. Condon, Riaan Steenkamp, B. Khélifi, G. Hermann, Regis Terrier, Rachel Simoni, Carlo Romoli, Christoph Deil, B. Rudak, D. Gottschall, Anne Lemiere, Justine Devin, Mohanraj Senniappan, A. Carosi, K. Egberts, Masanori Arakawa, Pascal Vincent, H. Odaka, Frank M. Rieger, R. Blackwell, E. Ruiz-Velasco, Thomas Bylund, S. Raab, I. Jung-Richardt, Tadayuki Takahashi, A. S. Seyffert, Atreyee Sinha, Kirsty Feijen, C. van Eldik, Victor Doroshenko, Markus Holler, G. Heinzelmann, Felix Jankowsky, D. Berge, M. Füßling, N. Maxted, R. J. Tuffs, Felix Aharonian, G. Martí-Devesa, H. Prokoph, Jim Hinton, Dmitry Khangulyan, Alison Mitchell, S. Eschbach, Thomas Lohse, H. Iwasaki, L. Tibaldo, J.-P. Tavernet, Kleopas Shiningayamwe, F. Voisin, Reinhard Schlickeiser, S. Colafrancesco, S. Chandra, M. Capasso, Michal Ostrowski, V. Sahakian, J.-P. Lenain, Dmitriy Kostunin, L. Dirson, R. J. White, R. Rauth, Gilles Maurin, Zorawar Wadiasingh, Stefan Funk, Alicja Wierzcholska, Domenico Tiziani, D. Malyshev, Monica Barnard, Thomas Tavernier, B. Peyaud, Maria Haupt, Hester Schutte, L. O'c. Drury, A.M. Taylor, Rafal Moderski, Andreas Specovius, Christo Venter, C. Trichard, P. J. Meintjes, A. Zech, David Sánchez, A. Ziegler, Léa Jouvin, Marion Spir-Jacob, D. Huber, C. Arcaro, Gavin Rowell, M. Bryan, D. Zaborov, C. Moore, Dorit Glawion, Tomasz Bulik, M. Katsuragawa, A. Jacholkowska, Andreas Quirrenbach, Michael Zacharias, Joachim Hahn, P.-O. Petrucci, Stefan Klepser, Łukasz Stawarz, Gilles Henri, Q. Piel, Christian Stegmann, Stefan Wagner, Yasunobu Uchiyama, L. Mohrmann, C. van Rensburg, T. Vuillaume, J. F. Glicenstein, A. Priyana Noel, Francois Brun, J. Bregeon, Celine Armand, Ruben Lopez-Coto, M. Lemoine-Goumard, Gilles Fontaine, A. Marcowith, Hambeleleni Ndiyavala, Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille (CPPM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Univers et Théories (LUTH (UMR_8102)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE (UMR_7585)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier (LUPM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Centre d'Etudes Nucléaires de Bordeaux Gradignan (CENBG), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet (LLR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), H.E.S.S. Collaboration, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), API Other Research (FNWI), Faculty of Science, High Energy Astrophys. & Astropart. Phys (API, FNWI), 26598973 - Abdalla, Hassan, 30588766 - Arcaro, Cornelia, 28644743 - Backes, M., 20574266 - Barnard, Monica, 24420530 - Böttcher, Markus, 31125417 - Chandra, Sunil, 26403366 - Ndiyavala, Hambeleleni, 22799133 - Schutte, Hester M., 20126999 - Seyffert, Albertus Stefanus, 21106266 - Van Rensburg, Carlo, 12006653 - Venter, Christo, 26594080 - Wadiasingh, Zorawar, 29092086 - Zacharias, Michael, 30366755 - Chand, T.B., 34208968 - Zywucka-Hejzner, Natalia, 10060499 - Van der Walt, Diederick Johannes, 28644743 - Backes, Michael, 30366755 - Chand, Tej B., Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP/Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), and PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Camps magnètics, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Synchrotron radiation, FOS: Physical sciences, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics, Vela, gamma rays: stars, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Pulsar wind nebula, outflows, Relativistic particle, Raigs gamma, Pulsar, 0103 physical sciences, ddc:530, winds, outflows [stars], 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, individual: PSR B0833-45 [pulsars], Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, acceleration of particles, Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Computer Science::Information Retrieval, Gamma rays, Institut für Physik und Astronomie, Astronomy and Astrophysics, radiation mechanisms: non-thermal, non-thermal [radiation mechanisms], stars [gamma rays], pulsars: individual: PSR B0833-45, Crab Nebula, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, stars: winds, Magnetic fields, ddc:520, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Heliosphere
Abstract: Pulsar Wind Nebulae (PWNe) represent the most prominent population of Galactic very-high-energy gamma-ray sources and are thought to be an efficient source of leptonic cosmic rays. Vela X is a nearby middle-aged PWN, which shows bright X-ray and TeV gamma-ray emission toward an elongated structure called the cocoon. Since TeV emission is likely inverse-Compton emission of electrons while X-ray emission is synchrotron radiation of the same electrons, we aim to derive the properties of the relativistic particles and of magnetic fields with minimal modelling. We use data from the Suzaku XIS to derive the spectra from three compact regions in Vela X covering distances from 0.3 pc to 4 pc from the pulsar along the cocoon. We obtain gamma-ray spectra of the same regions from H.E.S.S. observations and fit a radiative model to the multi-wavelength spectra. The TeV electron spectra and magnetic field strengths are consistent within the uncertainties for the three regions, with energy densities of the order $10^{-12}\rm\,erg\,cm^{-3}$. The data indicate the presence of a cutoff in the electron spectrum at energies of $\sim$100 TeV and a magnetic field strength of $\sim$$6\,\rm\mu G$. Constraints on the presence of turbulent magnetic fields are weak. The pressure of TeV electrons and magnetic fields in the cocoon is dynamically negligible, requiring the presence of another dominant pressure component. Sub-TeV electrons cannot account completely for the missing pressure, that may be provided either by relativistic ions or from mixing of the ejecta with the pulsar wind. The electron spectra are consistent with expectations from transport scenarios dominated either by advection via the reverse shock or by diffusion. Constraints on turbulent magnetic fields and the shape of the electron cutoff can be improved by spectral measurements in the energy range $\gtrsim 10\rm\,keV$. (abridged), Comment: Accepted for publication in A&A
Published: 2019

41. Modelling the polarisation signatures detected from the first white dwarf pulsar AR Sco

Author: Zorawar Wadiasingh, Louis du Plessis, Christo Venter, Alice K. Harding, Pieter Meintjes, S. Chandra, 31125417 - Chandra, Sunil, 26594080 - Wadiasingh, Zorawar, 12006653 - Venter, Christo, and 25936328 - Du Plessis, Louis
Subjects: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Magnetic dip, White dwarf, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Orbital period, Position angle, Pulsar, Phase angle (astronomy), Polar, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Binary system, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract: Marsh et al. detected radio and optical pulsations from the binary system AR Scorpii (AR Sco). This system, with an orbital period of 3.56 h, is composed of a cool, low-mass star and a white dwarf with a spin period of 1.95 min. Optical observations by Buckley et al. showed that the polarimetric emission from the white dwarf is strongly linearly polarised ( up to $\sim40\%$) with periodically changing intensities. This periodic non-thermal emission is thought to be powered by the highly magnetised ($ 5 \times 10^{8} $ G) white dwarf that is spinning down. The morphology of the polarisation signal, namely the position angle plotted against the phase angle, is similar to that seen in many radio pulsars. In this paper, we demonstrate that we can fit the traditional pulsar rotating vector model to the optical position angle. We used a Markov-chain-Monte-Carlo technique to find the best fit for the model yielding a magnetic inclination angle of $\alpha = (86.6^{+3.0}_{-2.8})^{\circ}$ and an observer angle of $\zeta = (60.5^{+5.3}_{-6.1})^{\circ}$. This modelling supports the scenario that the synchrotron emission originates above the polar caps of the white dwarf pulsar and that the latter is an orthogonal rotator., Comment: 6 pages, 2 figures, HEASA 2018 proceedings of science
Published: 2019

42. Probing the pulsar population of Terzan 5 via spectral modeling

Author: A. Kopp, D. J. van der Walt, Peter Eger, Alice K. Harding, Tyrel J. Johnson, David A. Smith, Christo Venter, Hambeleleni Ndiyavala, Centre d'Etudes Nucléaires de Bordeaux Gradignan (CENBG), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), 24483818 - Kopp, Andreas, 10060499 - Van der Walt, Diederick Johannes, 12006653 - Venter, Christo, and 26403366 - Ndiyavala, Hambeleleni
Subjects: Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), education.field_of_study, non-thermal [Radiation mechanisms], 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Population, general [Pulsars], FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Pulsar, Space and Planetary Science, 0103 physical sciences, individual (Terzan 5) [Globular clusters], education, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], 010303 astronomy & astrophysics
Abstract: Terzan 5 is the only Galactic globular cluster that has plausibly been detected at very-high energies by the High Energy Stereoscopic System. It has an unexpectedly asymmetric very-high-energy morphology that is offset from the cluster center, in addition to a large-scale, offset radio structure and compact diffuse X-ray emission associated with this cluster. We present new data from the Fermi Large Area Telescope on this source. We model the updated broadband spectral energy distribution, attributing this to cumulative pulsed emission from a population of embedded millisecond pulsars as well as unpulsed emission from the interaction of their leptonic winds with the ambient magnetic and soft-photon fields. In particular, our model invokes unpulsed synchrotron and inverse Compton components to model the radio and TeV data, cumulative pulsed curvature radiation to fit the Fermi data, and explains the hard Chandra X-ray spectrum via a "new" cumulative synchrotron component from electron-positron pairs within the pulsar magnetospheres that has not been implemented before. We find reasonable spectral fits for plausible model parameters. We also derive constraints on the millisecond pulsar luminosity function using the diffuse X-ray data and the Chandra sensitivity. Future higher-quality spectral and spatial data will help discriminate between competing scenarios (such as dark matter annihilation, white dwarf winds or hadronic interactions) proposed for the broadband emission as well as constrain degenerate model parameters., 17 pages, 1 figure, and 2 tables
Published: 2019

43. Combined Dark Matter searches towards dwarf spheroidal galaxies with Fermi-LAT, HAWC, HESS, MAGIC and VERITAS

Author: Dirk Lennarz, Luis Villaseñor, Gernot Maier, Anne Lemiere, Daniel Rosa-Gonzalez, Samuel Timothy Spencer, Wystan Benbow, Victor Barbosa Martins, Raul Prado, Arache Djannati-Ataï, Regis Terrier, Dan Parsons, Francisco Salesa Greus, Dmitriy Kostunin, Joshua Wood, Carlo Romoli, César Alvarez, Carlo van Rensburg, Massimo Capasso, Sajan Kumar, P. Reichherzer, Anton Dmytriiev, Stefan Ohm, Chiara Giuri, Brian van Soelen, G. Peron, Christian Stegmann, Emma Ona-Wilhelmi, S. J. Fegan, Alison Peisker, Hawc, Garret Cotter, Gary Gillanders, Zhiqiu Huang, Krzysztof Katarzynski, Filiberto Hueyotl-Zahuantitla, Ian Herzog, D. A. Prokhorov, K. Kosack, Halim Ashkar, Fabian Leuschner, Manami Sasaki, Michael Schneider, Joe Lundeen, Markus Boettcher, Brian Humensky, Isak Delberth Davids, A. Fiasson, Stefan Wagner, Andreas Zech, Yasunobu Uchiyama, David Kieda, Michael DuVernois, Albert Seyffert, Gianluca Giavitto, Qi Feng, Andreas Specovius, Andrew James Smith, Catherine Boisson, L. Mohrmann, Roberta Zanin, Marek Jamrozy, Tomás Capistrán Rojas, K. Nakashima, Jamie Holder, Hao Zhou, Thomas Lohse, Mireia Nievas-Rosillo, Samuel Zouari, Ira Jung, Sebastian Panny, K. Bernloehr, Deivid Ribeiro, Andrea Santangelo, Kristi Engel, Josefa Becerra Gonzalez, Thomas Tavernier, Ke Fang, Rishi Babu, Yu Wun Wong, Gerd J. Kunde, Jean-Pierre Ernenwein, Henrike Fleischhack, P. T. O'Brien, Clemens Hoischen, A. A. Zdziarski, Kelly Malone, Helene Sol, Markus Holler, Manel Errando, Atreyee Sinha, Francois Brun, Heinrich J. Völk, Sumari Hattingh, Kirsten Tollefson, Johann van der Walt, Q. Remy, Felix Jankowsky, Samridha Kunwar, Johannes Veh, M. Fuessling, P. Vincent, Harm Schoorlemmer, Stefano Gabici, Miguel Mostafa, Tyler Williamson, Jacek Niemiec, Michal Ostrowski, J.-P. Lenain, Israel Martinez Castellanos, Felix Aharonian, Tadayuki Takahashi, Gerd Puehlhofer, Lei Sun, Jesús Martínez-Castro, Pooja Surajbali, Andrés Sandoval, Hugh Spackman, Takaaki Tanaka, Segev BenZvi, Alexandre Marcowith, Felix Werner, Olaf Reimer, Vincent Marandon, Alberto Carramiñana, S. Steinmassl, Mary Kertzman, Hannes Thiersen, Victor Doroshenko, Michael Backes, Hannah Jhee, G. Lamanna, Marcos Santander, Angel Noel, W. Jin, Gus Sinnis, B. Rudak, Alasdair E. Gent, Kathrin Egberts, Jonathan Mackey, Fernando Ureña-Mena, Paolo Marchegiani, Sonal Ramesh Patel, Laenita Lorraine Oberholzer, Tim Holch, Sami Caroff, Heiko Salzmann, E. Kasai, Alison Mitchell, Gregory Foote, Nukri Komin, Tom Armstrong, Michelle Hui, Ruo-Yu Shang, Binita Hona, Raquel Diaz Hernandez, Vardan Baghmanyan, Celine Armand, Alejandro Lara, David Berley, Hector Rueda Ricarte, Nissim Illich Fraija, Naomi Tsuji, Gaurang Yodh, Stefan Funk, Alicja Wierzcholska, Conor McGrath, Gerard Fontaine, C. Moore, Vikas Joshi, Dorit Glawion, T. Chand, M. U. Nisa, M.-H. Grondin, Arnaud Mares, David Sanchez, Ernesto Belmont-Moreno, Thomas Murach, Eucario Gonzalo Pérez Pérez, Paul Reynolds, Ignacio Taboada, Xiaojie Wang, Lucy Fortson, Martin Tluczykont, Thomas Brian Humensky, Juan de Dios Álvarez Romero, Robert Ellsworth, Hester Schutte, Justine Devin, Constantin Steppa, Richard White, Rachel Simoni, Karen S. Caballero Mora, Elisa Pueschel, Jason Fan, Tomasz Bulik, Lukas Nellen, Malgorzata Curlo, Lente Dreyer, J. Patrick Harding, Gilles Maurin, Humberto Martínez Huerta, Riaan Steenkamp, Arnulfo Zepeda, Johannes Schaefer, Werner Hofmann, Jim Hinton, Michael Punch, S. Sailer, Dmitry Khangulyan, Sergio Hernández Cadena, Charles Thorpe-Morgan, M. Hörbe, Stephan O'Brien, Ramin Marx, John L. Quinn, J. F. Glicenstein, V. Sahakian, M. Panter, Mora Durocher, U. Katz, Jacco Vink, Umberto Cotti, Tobias Kleiner, Petra Hüntemeyer, David Huber, Ullrich Schwanke, Diego Garcia Aguilar, Vladimir Vassiliev, Oscar Martinez, J. Bolmont, Cederik León de León, Brian Fick, Laura Olivera-Nieto, A. Yusafzai, David Hanna, James Buckley, Lorenzo Diaz, Yves Gallant, Guillermo García-Torales, Arun Babu Kollamparambil, James Ryan, Kayla Farrell, Sabrina Casanova, Bruno Khelifi, María Catalina Espinoza Hernández, Jorge Antonio Morales Soto, Mateo Fernandez Alonso, Matthew Lundy, Faical Ait-Benkhali, Jean Damascene Mbarubucyeye, Wlodek Kluzniak, Jorge Luis Flores, Ibrahim Torres, Jordan A. Goodman, Anita Reimer, Adam Otte, Eduardo Moreno Barbosa, M. J. Lang, Frank M. Rieger, Elijah Willox, Colin Adams, Pedro Miranda-Romagnoli, Louis Du Plessis, Andrea Albert, Orel Gueta, Anna Barnacka, Brenda Dingus, Gašper Kukec Mezek, Hazal Goksu, Jorge Cotzomi, William H. Lee, Ruben Alfaro, Glenn Sembroski, David A. Williams, Eduardo de la Fuente, Anu Kundu, Dezhi Huang, Brian Reville, Connor Duffy, Edna Ruiz-Velasco, Anna Luashvili, Alisha Chromey, Konstantin Pfrang, L. Giunti, Philip Kaaret, Maria Magdalena González, Olivier Hervet, Hermes Leon Vargas, Sébastien Le Stum, Amanda Weinstein, Aryeh Brill, James Davies, Ken Ragan, Santiago Pita, Juan Carlos Arteaga Velazquez, Jason Lee, Sabrina Einecke, Lukasz Stawarz, Iryna Lypova, Julie McEnery, Sara Coutiño de Leon, Dieter Horns, R. J. Tuffs, Christo Venter, Meghan Tanner, Monica Barnard, B. Bi, Yvonne Becherini, Colas Rivière, Iftach Sadeh, Lott Frans, Mischa Breuhaus, Pauline Chambery, C. Levy, Jose Luis García-Luna, Michelle Tsirou, D. Malyshev, Ramiro Torres Escobedo, Hassan Abdalla, Hambeleleni Ndiyavala, Chang Dong Rho, Jhilik Majumdar, Martin Pohl, Mathieu Bony, Oguzhan Anguener, Hend Yassin, Gwenael Giacinti, Manuel Meyer, Arturo Iriarte, John Matthews, Kirsty Feijen, Ahron S. Barber, Floriane Cangemi, Fernando Garfias, R. A. Ong, Thomas Weisgarber, Thomas Bylund, Gilgamesh Luis-Raya, Rowan Batzofin, Mathieu Naurois, Jacques Muller, Avery Archer, Andreas Quirrenbach, Anushka Udara Abeysekara, José Serna-Franco, Hugo Alberto Ayala Solares, Davit Zargaryan, Rubén López-Coto, Reshmi Mukherjee, Andreas Zmija, Guillem Marti'i-Devesa, Sameer Patel, M. Lemoine-Goumard, Roberto Noriega-Papaqui, Gaëtan Fichet de Clairfontaine, Axel Donath, A. W. Chen, Michael Kreter, Yunior Pérez Araujo, Anna Lia Longinotti, Michael Zacharias, Kleopas Shiningayamwe, Robert Brose, Fabian Schüssler, Emmanuel Moulin, Patrick Moriarty, Edna Ruiz Velasco, Michael Newbold, Oscar Chaparro-Amaro, J. T. Linnemann, Lenka Tomankova, Jodi Christiansen, Jaqueline Catalano, Ian James Watson, R. Konno, Andrew Taylor, C. Arcaro, Jason John Watson, Gavin Rowell, Daniel Omar Avila Rojas, Denys Malyshev, Emmet Roache, Rhiannon Turner, Chad Brisbois, Mohanraj Senniappan, José Roberto Angeles Camacho, Daniel Nieto, V. Poireau, Jimmy N.S. Shapopi, G. Vasileiadis, Hannah Dalgleish, donggeun tak, Juan Carlos Díaz Vélez, Armelle Jardin-Blicq, N. Zywucka, Abe Falcone, Nicola Omodei, Matthieu Renaud, German Hermann, Paul Morris, Maria Haupt, Stefan Klepser, Christopher van Eldik, Rafal Moderski, Alessandro Montanari, Amy Furniss, Sylvia Zhu, P. J. Meintjes, David Berge, Jose Andres Garcia-Gonzalez, Humberto Ibarguen Salazar, Wayne Robert Springer, Heike Prokoph, Marion Spir-Jacob, Amid Nayerhoda, Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP/Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Fermi-LAT, HAWC, H.E.S.S., MAGIC, and VERITAS
Subjects: Cherenkov detector, air, Cherenkov counter: water, Physics beyond the Standard Model, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Dark matter, satellite, FOS: Physical sciences, IACT, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, GLAST, dark matter, law.invention, law, HESS, 0103 physical sciences, 010306 general physics, Cherenkov radiation, Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Annihilation, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, background, new physics, imaging, sensitivity, MAGIC, Galaxy, Automatic Keywords, annihilation, VERITAS, galaxy, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], statistical, HAWC, Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope
Abstract: 36th International Cosmic Ray Conference, ICRC2019, Madison, USA, 24 Jul 2019 - 1 Aug 2019; 9 pages (2019)., The search for Dark Matter (DM) has great potential to reveal physics beyond the Standard Model. As such, searches for evidence of DM particles are being carried out using a wide range of techniques, such as direct searches for DM particles, searches for DM produced with colliders, and indirect searches for the Standard Model annihilation products of DM. Dwarf spheroidal galaxies (dSphs) are excellent targets for indirect Dark Matter searches due to their relatively high DM content and negligible expected astrophysical background. A collaboration was formed to maximise the sensitivity of DM searches towards dSphs by combining for the first time dSph data from three imaging air Cherenkov telescope (IACT) arrays: HESS, MAGIC, and VERITAS; the Fermi-LAT satellite, and the water Cherenkov detector HAWC. Due to the diverse nature of the instruments involved, each experiment will analyse their individual datasets from multiple targets and then the results will be combined at the likelihood level. For consistency of the likelihoods across the five experiments, a common approach is used to treat the astrophysical factor (J-Factor) for each target and an agreed set of annihilation channels are considered. We also agree on a common statistical approach and treatment of instrumental systematic uncertainties. The results are presented in terms of constraints on the velocity-weighted cross section for DM self-annihilation as a function of the DM particle mass.
Published: 2019
Full Text: View/download PDF

44. VHE γ-ray discovery and multi-wavelength study of the blazar 1ES 2322-409

Author: M. Zacharias, Marek Jamrozy, Jim Hinton, A. Schulz, R. Tuffs, R. Simoni, Dmitry Khangulyan, D. A. Sanchez, Helene Sol, H. Ndiyavala, S. Bernhard, J. Devin, M. Böttcher, F. Ait Benkhali, S. Eschbach, C. Stegmann, Nu. Komin, M. Holler, B. van Soelen, Gerd Puehlhofer, F. Jankowsky, J. Veh, D. J. van der Walt, M. Fuessling, M. Lemoine-Goumard, M.A. Kastendieck, S. Bonnefoy, Axel Donath, A. W. Chen, I. Shilon, T. Tavernier, G. Emery, Matteo Cerruti, Michael Punch, M. Spir-Jacob, Manami Sasaki, S. Schwemmer, Andrea Santangelo, J. Lau, B. Peyaud, E. Leser, G. Hermann, Regis Terrier, Carlo Romoli, F. Gaté, R. Rauth, Fabian Schüssler, A. Jacholkowska, M. de Naurois, A. Woernlein, P. Bordas, D. A. Prokhorov, R. Marx, Werner Hofmann, Felix Spanier, Catherine Boisson, Stefan Funk, R. Zanin, R. C. G. Chaves, E. O. Angüner, D. Tiziani, I. Lypova, Stefan Wagner, Yasunobu Uchiyama, Christo Venter, D. Berge, D. Huber, D. Gottschall, P. T. O'Brien, Ullrich Schwanke, C. Perennes, Ruizhi Yang, S. Gabici, C. van Rensburg, J.F. Glicenstein, A. Marcowith, C. Hoischen, Wlodek Kluzniak, S. Saito, G. Fontaine, A. Zech, G. Maurin, K. Kosack, Jacek Niemiec, M. Lorentz, J. Becker Tjus, P.-O. Petrucci, L. Mohrmann, R. Steenkamp, A. Djannati-Ataï, S. Nakashima, Robert Wagner, J. Lefaucheur, A. Wierzcholska, Atreyee Sinha, C. van Eldik, C. Mariaud, A.M. Taylor, Aion Viana, S. Klepser, Olaf Reimer, R. J. White, G. Martí-Devesa, J.-P. Lenain, N. Shafi, Pierre Brun, T. Takahashi, Michael Backes, Gianluca Giavitto, T. Garrigoux, R. Blackwell, J. Hahn, N. Zywucka, Dieter Horns, I.D. Davids, S. Raab, Thomas Murach, E. Ruiz-Velasco, K. Egberts, Tim Holch, Reinhard Schlickeiser, M. Tsirou, G. Henri, A. M. W. Mitche, M. Mohamed, G. Vasileiadis, M. Ostrowski, H. Odaka, S. Chandra, P.J. Meintjes, S. Fegan, Marco Padovani, T. Lohse, A. Reimer, J. Bregeon, M. Renaud, H. Iwasaki, A. Carosi, R. R. Kruger, A. Lemière, H. Abdalla, B. Khélifi, Denys Malyshev, Nachiketa Chakraborty, K. Bernloehr, Stefan Ohm, S. Caroff, S. Pita, E. Moulin, Tomasz Bulik, D. Glawion, M. Panter, T. Bylund, Mohanraj Senniappan, A. Fiasson, L. Dirson, V. Poireau, L. Oakes, I. Sushch, A.A. Zdziarski, I. Jung-Richardt, Yvonne Becherini, D. Kerszberg, Masanori Arakawa, I. Oya, G. Heinzelmann, Felix Aharonian, L. Tibaldo, Zorawar Wadiasingh, B. Condon, Monica Barnard, F. Zefi, M. Buechele, M. Capasso, S. Krakau, V. Sahakian, D. Jankowsky, Q. Piel, J. Zorn, U. Katz, A.S. Seyffert, J.-P. Tavernet, P. Vincent, G. Lamanna, T. Vuillaume, P. deWilt, M. Seglar-Arroyo, J. King, B. Rudak, A. Priyana Noel, A. Dmytriiev, R. Moderski, V. Marandon, K. Katarzyński, L. Rinchiuso, L. Jouvin, M. Katsuragawa, C. Arcaro, M. Kraus, A. Specovius, Francois Brun, M. Tluczykont, Celine Armand, C. Steppa, M. Arrieta, Heike Prokoph, M. Haupt, Lukasz Stawarz, J. Dyks, K. Shiningayamwe, Andreas Quirrenbach, N. Tsuji, C. Trichard, J.-P. Ernenwein, R. D. Parsons, A. Ziegler, L. O. 'C. Drury, Ruben Lopez-Coto, M.-H. Grondin, P. Wagner, C. Dei, Y.A. Gallant, Gavin Rowell, M. Bryan, D. Zaborov, F. Niederwanger, Jacco Vink, Sabrina Casanova, H. J. Voelk, Frank M. Rieger, F. Voisin, J. Bolmont, S. Colafrancesco, Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille (CPPM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP/Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Univers et Théories (LUTH (UMR_8102)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE (UMR_7585)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier (LUPM), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Etudes Nucléaires de Bordeaux Gradignan (CENBG), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet (LLR), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Collège de France (CdF), Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département d'Astrophysique (ex SAP) (DAP), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Laboratoire d'Electronique et des Technologies de l'Information (CEA-LETI), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), H.E.S.S., H.E.S.S. Collaboration, 26598973 - Abdalla, Hassan, 30588766 - Arcaro, Cornelia, 28644743 - Backes, Michael, 20574266 - Barnard, Monica, 24420530 - Böttcher, Markus, 31125417 - Chandra, Sunil, 26909995 - Garrigoux, Tania, 11749903 - Krüger, Petrus Paulus, 26403366 - Ndiyavala, Hambeleleni, 20126999 - Seyffert, Albertus Stefanus, 25161814 - Spanier, Felix Alexander, 24922986 - Sushch, Iurii, 10060499 - Van der Walt, Diederick Johannes, 21106266 - Van Rensburg, Carlo, 12006653 - Venter, Christo, 26594080 - Wadiasingh, Zorawar, 29092086 - Zacharias, Michael, Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Collège de France (CdF (institution)), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives - Laboratoire d'Electronique et de Technologie de l'Information (CEA-LETI), Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Faculty of Science, and High Energy Astrophys. & Astropart. Phys (API, FNWI)
Subjects: gamma-rays: galaxies, principal component analysis, Energy flux, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, pixel, HESS, ultraviolet, optical, energy: flux, HESS - Abteilung Hofmann, photon: flux, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, model: leptonic, Physics, radio wave, density, active, [Galaxies], Gamma ray, galaxies [Gamma-rays], individual: 1ES 2322-409 [BL Lacertae objects], active [galaxies], infrared, Spectral energy distribution, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, galaxies: active, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, gamma ray: energy spectrum, GLAST, blazar, X-ray, 0103 physical sciences, Blazar, Astroparticle physics, non-thermal [Radiation mechanisms], synchrotron radiation, background, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Institut für Physik und Astronomie, Astronomy and Astrophysics, radiation mechanisms: non-thermal, redshift, proton synchrotron, MAGIC, Redshift, Crab Nebula, gamma ray: VHE, Space and Planetary Science, spectral, ddc:520, High Energy Physics::Experiment, BL Lacertae objects: individual: 1ES 2322−409, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope
Abstract: 著者人数: H.E.S.S. Collaboration 233名 (所属. 宇宙航空研究開発機構宇宙科学研究所(JAXA)(ISAS): 桂川, 美穂; 中島, 真也; 小高, 裕和; 高橋, 忠幸), Number of authors: H.E.S.S. Collaboration 233 (Affiliation. Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency(JAXA)(ISAS): Katsuragawa, Miho; Nakashima, Shinya; Odaka, Hirokazu; Takahashi, Tadayuki), Accepted: 2018-09-29, 資料番号: SA1180422000
Published: 2018

45. Publisher Correction: Resolving acceleration to very high energies along the jet of Centaurus A

Author: T. Bulik, Stefan Klepser, Axel Donath, A. W. Chen, Seb. Funk, Nukri Komin, Matteo Cerruti, D. Berge, F. Schüssler, Florian Gaté, D. Gottschall, Anne Lemiere, Iryna Lypova, Yvonne Becherini, Kleopas Shiningayamwe, S. Raab, Kirsty Feijen, Michael Punch, E. O. Angüner, Werner Hofmann, Riaan Steenkamp, Gilles Fontaine, H. Iwasaki, M. Seglar-Arroyo, A. Carosi, K. Egberts, S. Nakashima, D. Khangulyan, W. Kluźniak, Michael Backes, Rachel Simoni, Thomas Lohse, D.A. Prokhorov, M. Kraus, D. Jankowsky, A. S. Seyffert, Francois Brun, Masanori Arakawa, R. Blackwell, Ramin Marx, M. Panter, U. Katz, Markus Böttcher, Thomas Bylund, H. Yoneda, L. B. Oakes, Tim Holch, C. Mariaud, Dieter Horns, Jim Hinton, M. Füßling, Jacques Muller, J. Bregeon, Gavin Rowell, Clemens Hoischen, A. A. Zdziarski, F. Ait Benkhali, Anton Dmytriiev, Naomi Tsuji, S. Schwemmer, J. Zorn, M. Bryan, Celine Armand, M. Büchele, H. M. Schutte, M. Lemoine-Goumard, C. Perennes, Edna Ruiz-Velasco, G. Martí-Devesa, Gilles Henri, Q. Piel, Dmitriy Kostunin, Stefan Ohm, Andrea Santangelo, M.-H. Grondin, G. Emery, G. Lamanna, Jacek Niemiec, R. Rauth, D. J. van der Walt, Zorawar Wadiasingh, Olaf Reimer, J. Lau, P. T. O'Brien, M. Katsuragawa, Arnaud Mares, S. J. Fegan, A. Djannati-Ataï, S. Pita, Stefano Gabici, Thomas Tavernier, Monica Barnard, C. Boisson, J. Dyks, G. Heinzelmann, P.-O. Petrucci, R. D. Parsons, Thomas Murach, I. Jung-Richardt, Sami Caroff, J. Vink, Gianluca Giavitto, J.-P. Lenain, Regis Terrier, Krzysztof Katarzynski, M. Capasso, T. Chand, V. Barbosa Martins, Jonathan Mackey, Markus Holler, Q. Remy, E. Leser, Andreas Quirrenbach, Felix Jankowsky, Armelle Jardin-Blicq, B. Peyaud, Shun Saito, M. Ostrowski, N. Shafi, Pierre Brun, Natalia Żywucka, Felix Aharonian, U. Schwanke, B. Khélifi, G. Hermann, J. Bolmont, Alicja Wierzcholska, Jean-Pierre Ernenwein, C. Arcaro, R. White, Atreyee Sinha, V. Marandon, H. Odaka, C. van Eldik, Christian Stegmann, Domenico Tiziani, Alison Mitchell, S. Eschbach, Dorit Glawion, Johannes Veh, M. de Naurois, E. Moulin, Reinhard Schlickeiser, L. Mohrmann, C. van Rensburg, P. deWilt, M. Tluczykont, J. King, Misao Sasaki, S. Chandra, V. Sahakian, Y. A. Gallant, T. Vuillaume, Jhilik Majumdar, Justine Devin, K. Kosack, Pascal Vincent, Joachim Hahn, M. Zacharias, Konrad Bernlöhr, L. Dirson, G. Pühlhofer, Michelle Tsirou, R. J. Tuffs, Ł. Stawarz, Ruizhi Yang, H. Prokoph, Christoph Deil, J. F. Glicenstein, A. Priyana Noel, L. Rinchiuso, D. Huber, A. Reimer, Mohanraj Senniappan, Mischa Breuhaus, S. Bonnefoy, Constantin Steppa, A. Schulz, I. Oya, E. de Oña Wilhelmi, Isak Delberth Davids, A. Fiasson, V. Poireau, Roberta Zanin, H. Abdalla, M. A. Kastendieck, S. J. Wagner, G. Vasileiadis, M. Mohamed, Marek Jamrozy, Tadayuki Takahashi, Victor Doroshenko, D. Malyshev, Helene Sol, Christo Venter, R. Moderski, A. Zech, David Sánchez, Andreas Specovius, Christopher J. Moore, Y. Uchiyama, L. O'c. Drury, A.M. Taylor, A. Marcowith, Hambeleleni Ndiyavala, Heinrich J. Völk, M. Renaud, R. Adam, Gilles Maurin, Halim Ashkar, B. van Soelen, B. Rudak, Frank M. Rieger, F. Voisin, C. Levy, S. Colafrancesco, F. Niederwanger, Sabrina Casanova, M. Curyło, C. Trichard, P. J. Meintjes, A. Ziegler, Maria Haupt, C. Romoli, and Marion Spir-Jacob
Subjects: Physics, Acceleration, Jet (fluid), Multidisciplinary, Centaurus A, Astrophysics
Published: 2020

46. Simultaneous spectral and spatial modelling of young pulsar wind nebulae

Author: P.P. Krüger, Christo Venter, and Carlo van Rensuburg
Subjects: Physics, Nebula, Pulsar, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Radiative transfer, Spectral energy distribution, Surface brightness, Radius, Astrophysics, Adiabatic process, Pulsar wind nebula, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract: We model the morphology and spectrum of a pulsar wind nebula using a leptonic emission code. This code is a time-dependent, multi-zone model that investigates the changes in the particle spectrum as they traverse the nebula. We calculate the synchrotron and inverse Compton emissivities at different positions in the nebula, obtaining the surface brightness versus the radius, and also the size of the nebula as a function of energy. We incorporate a time and spatially-dependent $B$-field, spatially-dependent bulk particle speed implying convection and adiabatic losses, diffusion, as well as radiative losses. We calibrate our new model using two independent models. We then apply the model to PWN G0.9+0.1 and show that simultaneously fitting the spectral energy distribution and the energy-dependent source size may lead to constraints on several model parameters pertaining to the spatial properties of the PWN.
Published: 2018

47. Assessment of a statistical approach towards constraining pulsar geometry via multiband light curve fitting

Author: Christo Venter, A.S. Seyffert, Tiaan Bezuidenhout, and Alice K. Harding
Subjects: Physics, Observer (quantum physics), Spacecraft, business.industry, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Light curve, Computational physics, law.invention, Telescope, Pulsar, law, Test statistic, business, Geometric modeling, Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope
Abstract: The Large Area Telescope aboard the Fermi spacecraft has detected more than 200 $\gamma$-ray pulsars since its launch in 2008. By concurrently fitting standard geometric model light curves onto Fermi and radio data, researchers have constrained the inclination and observer angles of a number of pulsars. At first this was done by comparing observed and modelled light curves by eye, and later via statistical approaches. We fit modelled light curves of 16 pulsars to radio and $\gamma$-ray data by optimising a custom test statistic that we have developed for combining light curves across the two wavebands, taking their disparate errors into account. We present geometrical constraints found using this process, and compare them with results found by eye or using other statistical methods.
Published: 2018

48. Constraining the Emission Geometry and Mass of the White Dwarf Pulsar AR Sco Using the Rotating Vector Model

Author: Louis du Plessis, Alice K. Harding, Zorawar Wadiasingh, Christo Venter, 25936328 - Du Plessis, Louis, 12006653 - Venter, Christo, and 26594080 - Wadiasingh, Zorawar
Subjects: Non-thermal radiation sources, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Rotation powered pulsars, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, X-ray sources, 01 natural sciences, Orbital inclination, Pulsar, Binary pulsars, 0103 physical sciences, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Compact objects, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR), Optical pulsars, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Spin-½, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, White dwarf, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Optical polarization, Light curve, Position angle, Neutron star, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, Magnetic fields, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, White dwarf stars
Abstract: We apply the standard radio pulsar rotating vector model to the white dwarf pulsar AR Sco's optical polarization position angle swings folded at the white dwarf's spin period as obtained by Buckley et al. (2017). Owing to the long duty cycle of spin pulsations with a good signal-to-noise ratio over the entire spin phase, in contrast to neutron star radio pulsars, we find well-constrained values for the magnetic obliquity $\alpha$ and observer viewing direction $\zeta$ with respect to the spin axis. We find $\cos\alpha=0.060^{+0.050}_{-0.053}$ and $\cos\zeta=0.49^{+0.09}_{-0.08}$, implying an orthogonal rotator with an observer angle $\zeta={60.4^\circ}^{+5.3^\circ}_{-6.0^\circ}$. This orthogonal nature of the rotator is consistent with the optical light curve consisting of two pulses per spin period, separated by $180^\circ$ in phase. Under the assumption that $\zeta \approx i$, where $i$ is the orbital inclination, and a Roche-lobe-filling companion M star, we obtain $m_{\rm WD} = 1.00^{+0.16}_{-0.10} M_\odot$ for the white dwarf mass. These polarization modeling results suggest the that non-thermal emission arises from a dipolar white dwarf magnetosphere and close to the star, with synchrotron radiation (if non-zero pitch angles can be maintained) being the plausible loss mechanism, marking AR Sco as an exceptional system for future theoretical and observational study., Comment: 11 pages, 7 figures, accepted by ApJ
Published: 2019

49. Population study of Galactic supernova remnants at very high γ-ray energies with H.E.S.S

Author: Christo Venter, H. Iwasaki, Gilles Maurin, Q. Piel, J. F. Glicenstein, J. Becker Tjus, A. Zech, M. Büchele, Julien Lefaucheur, Nachiketa Chakraborty, R. Liu, C. Mariaud, L. O'c. Drury, A.M. Taylor, C. Perennes, T. Garrigoux, Riaan Steenkamp, Ruben Lopez-Coto, Pierre Brun, M. Lemoine-Goumard, A. Wörnlein, P.-O. Petrucci, H. Ndiyavala, G. Lamanna, S. J. Fegan, A. Djannati-Ataï, N. W. Pekeur, P. Wagner, Alison Mitchell, Dieter Horns, Jean-Pierre Ernenwein, Zorawar Wadiasingh, B. Condon, I. Shilon, M. Seglar-Arroyo, Jan Conrad, Marco Padovani, Clemens Hoischen, A. A. Zdziarski, Frank M. Rieger, Johannes Veh, D. Gottschall, D. A. Sanchez, J. Hawkes, Anne Lemiere, Gavin Rowell, M. Bryan, R. C. G. Chaves, E. O. Angüner, Reinhard Schlickeiser, D. Zaborov, D. Jankowsky, Monica Barnard, A. S. Seyffert, Axel Donath, R. de los Reyes, A. W. Chen, M. Tluczykont, D. Fernandez, V. Poireau, Cameron B Rulten, C. Romoli, K. Morå, F. Gaté, Felix Spanier, I. Jung-Richardt, Manuel Meyer, H. Abdalla, Christian Stegmann, I. Oya, Stefan Wagner, Yasunobu Uchiyama, D. Wouters, M. A. Kastendieck, G. Vasileiadis, Nu. Komin, Jim Hinton, Y. A. Gallant, Fabian Schüssler, Matteo Cerruti, Stefan Ohm, Markus Holler, Felix Jankowsky, J. Decock, M. Mayer, S. Pita, Dmitry Khangulyan, Dorit Glawion, E. Moulin, Tomasz Bulik, S. Nakashima, J. Zorn, Robert Wagner, Thomas Lohse, L. Mohrmann, Felix Aharonian, L. Dirson, C. Farnier, Ramin Marx, E. Leser, M. Panter, U. Katz, Stefano Gabici, J. Dyks, C. van Rensburg, Werner Hofmann, G. Emery, Samar Safi-Harb, Thomas Vuillaume, B. Khélifi, S. Saito, Justine Devin, M. Lorentz, S. Bonnefoy, Constantin Steppa, M. Füßling, S. Eschbach, Jacek Niemiec, G. Hermann, Regis Terrier, Stefan Klepser, A. Balzer, Heinrich J. Völk, M. Mohamed, Olaf Reimer, P. P. Krüger, F. Voisin, D. Klochkov, Alexandre Marcowith, D.A. Prokhorov, M. Renaud, F. Zefi, D. Kerszberg, Rachel Simoni, Helen Poon, M. Jingo, R. D. Parsons, D. J. van der Walt, L. Oakes, J. Bolmont, I. Sushch, A. Ivascenko, R. Blackwell, S. Colafrancesco, Michael Backes, H. Prokoph, Masanori Arakawa, Gianluca Giavitto, V. Marandon, K. Dutson, Thomas Murach, Joachim Hahn, J. Lau, M. Settimo, Andreas Quirrenbach, Sami Caroff, Włodek Kluźniak, M. Capasso, S. Krakau, V. Sahakian, P. Bordas, Michael Zacharias, F. Niederwanger, J. P. Lees, H. Odaka, Tim Holch, S. Raab, A. Abramowski, G. Heinzelmann, N. Maxted, Krzysztof Katarzynski, A. Jacholkowska, Naomi Tsuji, Tanya Edwards, K. Kosack, Konrad Bernlöhr, Jacco Vink, Catherine Boisson, L. Tibaldo, D. Berge, Christoph Deil, Sabrina Casanova, Gerard Fontaine, G. Pelletier, B. Peyaud, Ullrich Schwanke, G. Pühlhofer, Johan Bregeon, J.-P. Tavernet, Kleopas Shiningayamwe, R. J. White, A. Reimer, A. Viana, Domenico Tiziani, D. Malyshev, Łukasz Stawarz, S. Bernhard, B. van Soelen, Michal Ostrowski, B. Rudak, J.-P. Lenain, F. Ait Benkhali, P. T. O'Brien, M. V. Fernandes, Manami Sasaki, S. Schwemmer, Andrea Santangelo, Gilles Henri, C. van Eldik, Stefan Funk, Alicja Wierzcholska, Marek Jamrozy, Helene Sol, B. Giebels, R. J. Tuffs, L. Jouvin, Iryna Lypova, Yvonne Becherini, K. Egberts, J. Chevalier, R. Rauth, Thomas Tavernier, N. Shafi, Natalia Żywucka, M. de Naurois, Ruizhi Yang, Tadayuki Takahashi, A. Schulz, Isak Delberth Davids, A. Fiasson, Roberta Zanin, P. Willmann, C. Trichard, P. J. Meintjes, A. Ziegler, H. Laffon, M. Arrieta, P. deWilt, J. King, Marion Spir-Jacob, Maria Haupt, Michelle Tsirou, L. Rinchiuso, Rafal Moderski, A. Carosi, Francois Brun, P. Vincent, M.-H. Grondin, Markus Böttcher, M. Katsuragawa, Pierre-Henri Aubert, M. Kraus, Michael Punch, Laboratoire Univers et Théories ( LUTH ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Observatoire de Paris-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules ( LAPP/Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules ), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Université Savoie Mont Blanc ( USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry] ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies ( LPNHE ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier ( LUPM ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques ( UM2 ) -Université de Montpellier ( UM ), Centre d'Etudes Nucléaires de Bordeaux Gradignan ( CENBG ), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers ( IRFU ), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Université Paris-Saclay, Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet ( LLR ), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -École polytechnique ( X ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), AstroParticule et Cosmologie ( APC - UMR 7164 ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Observatoire de Paris-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ), Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille ( CPPM ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ), Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble ( IPAG ), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble ( OSUG ), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Grenoble Alpes ( UGA ) -Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Grenoble Alpes ( UGA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), HESS, Laboratoire Univers et Théories (LUTH (UMR_8102)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE (UMR_7585)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier (LUPM), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Etudes Nucléaires de Bordeaux Gradignan (CENBG), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet (LLR), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille (CPPM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP/Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2), Faculty of Science, High Energy Astrophys. & Astropart. Phys (API, FNWI), and API Other Research (FNWI)
Subjects: electron, Milky Way, [ PHYS.ASTR ] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Hochenergie-Astrophysik Theorie - Abteilung Hofmann, Infrarot-Astrophysik - Abteilung Hofmann, Cosmic ray, magnetic field, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Compact star, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Luminosity, HESS, 0103 physical sciences, supernova, ddc:530, luminosity, flux: upper limit, cosmic radiation: acceleration, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, HESS - Abteilung Hofmann, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, ISM: supernova remnants, Astroparticle physics, Physics, radio wave, density, energy: high, cosmic radiation: spectrum, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, supernova remnants [ISM], Molecular cloud, shell model, Institut für Physik und Astronomie, Astronomy and Astrophysics, gamma rays: general, Galactic plane, Supernova, gamma ray: VHE, Space and Planetary Science, cosmic radiation: galaxy, ddc:520, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], general [gamma rays]
Abstract: 著者人数: H.E.S.S. Collaboration 253名 (所属. 宇宙航空研究開発機構宇宙科学研究所(JAXA)(ISAS): 桂川, 美穂; 中島, 真也; 小高, 裕和; 高橋, 忠幸), Number of authors: H.E.S.S. Collaboration 253 (Affiliation. Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency(JAXA)(ISAS): Katsuragawa, Miho; Nakashima, Shinya; Odaka, Hirokazu; Takahashi, Tadayuki), Accepted: 2018-02-08, 資料番号: SA1170368000
Published: 2018

50. The supernova remnant W49B as seen with H.E.S.S. and Fermi-LAT

Author: M. Jingo, Ullrich Schwanke, I. Jung-Richardt, Markus Holler, Victor Zabalza, A. G. Akhperjanian, Michael Punch, Felix Jankowsky, I. Shilon, K. Dutson, D. Jankowsky, Felix Spanier, N. Shafi, Natalia Żywucka, T. Garrigoux, M. de Naurois, Christian Stegmann, Stefan Wagner, Yasunobu Uchiyama, J. Dyks, Mateusz Janiak, Felix Aharonian, H. Laffon, S. Eschbach, F. Spies, Ruizhi Yang, Marco Padovani, L. Mohrmann, C. van Rensburg, Thomas Tavernier, F. Niederwanger, A. Marcowith, C. Mariaud, Dieter Horns, Clemens Hoischen, A. A. Zdziarski, M. Lorentz, A. Schulz, Christoph Deil, T. Jogler, Gavin Rowell, M. Bryan, D. Zaborov, R. de los Reyes, P. Bordas, Nachiketa Chakraborty, Jacco Vink, Sabrina Casanova, R. Liu, C. Romoli, David Salek, E. Moulin, Tomasz Bulik, G. Lamanna, A. Fiasson, Christo Venter, Daniel Kerszberg, Ruben Lopez-Coto, M. Lemoine-Goumard, J. Lau, A. Jacholkowska, P. Willmann, Francois Brun, M. Chrétien, R. Moderski, A. Zech, B. Condon, Riaan Steenkamp, P. Wagner, M. Mayer, David Sánchez, Jacek Niemiec, Maria Haupt, Olaf Reimer, J. Becker Tjus, Thomas Murach, J. Chevalier, J. Hawkes, Krzysztof Katarzynski, Gilles Fontaine, Frank M. Rieger, Denis Wouters, Julien Lefaucheur, J. Bregeon, P.-O. Petrucci, Guillaume Dubus, L. O'c. Drury, Matteo Cerruti, F. Krayzel, R. Chalme-Calvet, Reinhard Schlickeiser, A. S. Seyffert, W. Kluźniak, D. Klochkov, M.-H. Grondin, N. W. Pekeur, Markus Böttcher, F. Zefi, Alison Mitchell, Zorawar Wadiasingh, D.A. Prokhorov, Michal Ostrowski, R. C. G. Chaves, J.-P. Lenain, Stefan Ohm, K. Morå, R. Blackwell, E. O. Angüner, Werner Hofmann, J. Decock, Pierre-Henri Aubert, S. Pita, J. Jeffrey Carr, Monica Barnard, L. Dirson, S. Öttl, F. Voisin, G. Heinzelmann, S. Colafrancesco, Stefano Gabici, Regis Terrier, Jan Conrad, N. Maxted, Aion Viana, C. Perennes, Nu. Komin, K. Egberts, M. Kraus, B. Peyaud, G. Pelletier, M. Kieffer, P. deWilt, A. Wörnlein, H. Odaka, Andrew M. Taylor, Stefan Funk, Alicja Wierzcholska, Ramin Marx, M. Panter, J. King, F. Ait Benkhali, Manami Sasaki, U. Katz, S. Schwemmer, R. J. Tuffs, S. J. Fegan, A. Djannati-Ataï, Andrea Santangelo, L. Tibaldo, M. Füßling, F. Schüssler, A. Balzer, R. J. White, Marek Jamrozy, Helene Sol, Domenico Tiziani, C. Trichard, I. D. Davids, Olivier Hervet, C. B. Rulten, P. J. Meintjes, Mariangela Settimo, Pierre Brun, Y. Cui, Rachel Simoni, Helen Poon, Joachim Hahn, M. Capasso, A. Ziegler, S. Krakau, V. Sahakian, C. Boisson, C. Farnier, M. Gajdus, E. Leser, Jean-Pierre Ernenwein, G. Cologna, Daniela Hadasch, B. Khélifi, G. Hermann, Johannes Veh, V. Lefranc, Heinrich J. Völk, M. Renaud, S. Bernhard, B. van Soelen, B. Rudak, M. Tluczykont, B. Degrange, H. Abdalla, M. A. Kastendieck, D. Gottschall, Anne Lemiere, Stefan Klepser, G. Vasileiadis, A. Ivascenko, Gilles Maurin, Y. A. Gallant, Łukasz Stawarz, Andreas Quirrenbach, Robert Wagner, Thomas Lohse, Justine Devin, Michael Zacharias, Léa Jouvin, T. Andersson, D. Kolitzus, M. Arrieta, Pascal Vincent, T. Vuillaume, Heike Prokoph, A. Förster, K. Stycz, J. F. Glicenstein, D. J. van der Walt, L. Oakes, J. Bolmont, I. Sushch, Axel Donath, A. W. Chen, Gilles Henri, Q. Piel, R. D. Parsons, F. Stinzing, B. Giebels, Junichiro Katsuta, Gianluca Giavitto, I. Oya, Tanya Edwards, S. Rosier-Lees, G. Spengler, Jim Hinton, M. Mohamed, Michael Backes, W. Domainko, J. P. Lees, S. Raab, A. Abramowski, P. P. Krüger, V. Marandon, D. Berge, Arti Goyal, J.-P. Tavernet, Iryna Lypova, Yvonne Becherini, P. T. O'Brien, Manuel Meyer, M. V. Fernandes, Peter Eger, C. van Eldik, K. Kosack, Konrad Bernlöhr, G. Pühlhofer, A. Reimer, Faculty of Science, High Energy Astrophys. & Astropart. Phys (API, FNWI), API Other Research (FNWI), ATLAS (IHEF, IoP, FNWI), Laboratoire Univers et Théories (LUTH (UMR_8102)), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP/Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE (UMR_7585)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier (LUPM), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Etudes Nucléaires de Bordeaux Gradignan (CENBG), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille (CPPM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet (LLR), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), HESS, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris
Subjects: Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Hochenergie-Astrophysik Theorie - Abteilung Hofmann, Infrarot-Astrophysik - Abteilung Hofmann, FOS: Physical sciences, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Spectral line, 0103 physical sciences, Binary star, ddc:530, Supernova remnant, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, HESS - Abteilung Hofmann, Cherenkov radiation, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Astroparticle physics, Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), [SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Computer Science::Information Retrieval, supernova remnants [ISM], [SDU.ASTR.HE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE], Institut für Physik und Astronomie, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Supernova, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], ddc:520, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, general [gamma rays], clouds [ISM], Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope
Abstract: The supernova remnant (SNR) W49B originated from a core-collapse supernova that occurred between one and four thousand years ago, and subsequently evolved into a mixed-morphology remnant, which is interacting with molecular clouds (MC). $\gamma$-ray observations of SNR/MC associations are a powerful tool to constrain the origin of Galactic cosmic-rays, as they can probe the acceleration of hadrons through their interaction with the surrounding medium and subsequent emission of non-thermal photons. The detection of a $\gamma$-ray source coincident with W49B at very high energies (VHE; E > 100 GeV) with the H.E.S.S. Cherenkov telescopes is reported together with a study of the source with 5 years of Fermi-LAT high energy $\gamma$-ray (0.06 - 300 GeV) data. The smoothly-connected combined source spectrum, measured from 60 MeV to multi-TeV energies, shows two significant spectral breaks at $304\pm20$ MeV and $8.4_{-2.5}^{+2.2}$ GeV, the latter being constrained by the joint fit from the two instruments. The detected spectral features are similar to those observed in several other SNR/MC associations and are found to be indicative of $\gamma$-ray emission produced through neutral-pion decay., Comment: 10 pages, 6 figures. Accepted for publication in A&A
Published: 2018

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