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1. Structural and functional analyses explain Pea KAI2 receptor diversity and reveal stereoselective catalysis during signal perception

Author: Angelica M. Guercio, Salar Torabi, David Cornu, Marion Dalmais, Abdelhafid Bendahmane, Christine Le Signor, Jean-Paul Pillot, Philippe Le Bris, François-Didier Boyer, Catherine Rameau, Caroline Gutjahr, Alexandre de Saint Germain, and Nitzan Shabek
Subjects: Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract: Guercio et al., combine structural biology, biochemistry, and plant biology to reveal the dual functions of evolutionarily diverged Pisum KAI2A and KAI2B as both receptors and enzymes with distinct ligand selectivity, and propose adaptive sensitivity to strigolactone phytohormones by KAI2B. They reported the structures of KAI2 in apo and ligand intermediate -bound states that further illuminate KAI2s catalysis mechanism.
Published: 2022
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2. Genome-wide association study identified candidate genes for seed size and seed composition improvement in M. truncatula

Author: Zhijuan Chen, Vanessa Lancon-Verdier, Christine Le Signor, Yi-Min She, Yun Kang, and Jerome Verdier
Subjects: Medicine, Science
Abstract: Abstract Grain legumes are highly valuable plant species, as they produce seeds with high protein content. Increasing seed protein production and improving seed nutritional quality represent an agronomical challenge in order to promote plant protein consumption of a growing population. In this study, we used the genetic diversity, naturally present in Medicago truncatula, a model plant for legumes, to identify genes/loci regulating seed traits. Indeed, using sequencing data of 162 accessions from the Medicago HAPMAP collection, we performed genome-wide association study for 32 seed traits related to seed size and seed composition such as seed protein content/concentration, sulfur content/concentration. Using different GWAS and postGWAS methods, we identified 79 quantitative trait nucleotides (QTNs) as regulating seed size, 41 QTNs for seed composition related to nitrogen (i.e. storage protein) and sulfur (i.e. sulfur-containing amino acid) concentrations/contents. Furthermore, a strong positive correlation between seed size and protein content was revealed within the selected Medicago HAPMAP collection. In addition, several QTNs showed highly significant associations in different seed phenotypes for further functional validation studies, including one near an RNA-Binding Domain protein, which represents a valuable candidate as central regulator determining both seed size and composition. Finally, our findings in M. truncatula represent valuable resources to be exploitable in many legume crop species such as pea, common bean, and soybean due to its high synteny, which enable rapid transfer of these results into breeding programs and eventually help the improvement of legume grain production.
Published: 2021
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3. Fast computation of genome-metagenome interaction effects

Author: Florent Guinot, Marie Szafranski, Julien Chiquet, Anouk Zancarini, Christine Le Signor, Christophe Mougel, and Christophe Ambroise
Subjects: Statistical machine learning, Variable selection, Dimensionality reduction, Gene-environement interactions, GWAS, Genetic and metagenomic markers, Biology (General), QH301-705.5, Genetics, QH426-470
Abstract: Abstract Motivation Association studies have been widely used to search for associations between common genetic variants observations and a given phenotype. However, it is now generally accepted that genes and environment must be examined jointly when estimating phenotypic variance. In this work we consider two types of biological markers: genotypic markers, which characterize an observation in terms of inherited genetic information, and metagenomic marker which are related to the environment. Both types of markers are available in their millions and can be used to characterize any observation uniquely. Objective Our focus is on detecting interactions between groups of genetic and metagenomic markers in order to gain a better understanding of the complex relationship between environment and genome in the expression of a given phenotype. Contributions We propose a novel approach for efficiently detecting interactions between complementary datasets in a high-dimensional setting with a reduced computational cost. The method, named SICOMORE, reduces the dimension of the search space by selecting a subset of supervariables in the two complementary datasets. These supervariables are given by a weighted group structure defined on sets of variables at different scales. A Lasso selection is then applied on each type of supervariable to obtain a subset of potential interactions that will be explored via linear model testing. Results We compare SICOMORE with other approaches in simulations, with varying sample sizes, noise, and numbers of true interactions. SICOMORE exhibits convincing results in terms of recall, as well as competitive performances with respect to running time. The method is also used to detect interaction between genomic markers in Medicago truncatula and metagenomic markers in its rhizosphere bacterial community. Software availability An R package is available [4], along with its documentation and associated scripts, allowing the reader to reproduce the results presented in the paper.
Published: 2020
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4. PeaMUST (Pea MultiStress Tolerance), a multidisciplinary French project uniting researchers, plant breeders, and the food industry

Author: Judith Burstin, Komlan Avia, Estefania Carillo‐Perdomo, Christophe Lecomte, Sana Beji, Eric Hanocq, Gregoire Aubert, Nadim Tayeh, Anthony Klein, Valérie Geffroy, Christine Le Signor, Stéphanie Pflieger, Marion Dalmais, Aurore Desgroux, Clément Lavaud, Anne Quillévéré‐Hamard, Jonathan Kreplak, Isabelle Lejeune‐Hénaut, Virginie Bourion, Marie‐Laure Pilet‐Nayel, Magalie Leveugle, Xavier Pinochet, Richard Thompson, and the PeaMUST Consortium
Subjects: abiotic, biotic, faba bean, genome, legume, pea, Plant culture, SB1-1110
Abstract: Abstract The French government has supported as part of its “Investments for the Future” program a 9‐year research project, PeaMUST, devoted to pea and to a lesser extent, faba bean improvement. Focusing on the main causes of yield irregularity that limit pea and faba bean cultivation, an integrated approach, including molecular exploitation of the pea genome sequence, was applied to identify and incorporate favorable alleles and allele combinations in prebreeding material.
Published: 2021
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5. Transcriptional Reprogramming of Pea Leaves at Early Reproductive Stages

Author: Karine Gallardo, Alicia Besson, Anthony Klein, Christine Le Signor, Grégoire Aubert, Charlotte Henriet, Morgane Térézol, Stéphanie Pateyron, Myriam Sanchez, Jacques Trouverie, Jean-Christophe Avice, Annabelle Larmure, Christophe Salon, Sandrine Balzergue, and Judith Burstin
Subjects: legumes, leaves, reproductive period, nitrogen remobilization, transcriptomics, co-expression, Plant culture, SB1-1110
Abstract: Pea (Pisum sativum L.) is an important source of dietary proteins. Nutrient recycling from leaves contributes to the accumulation of seed proteins and is a pivotal determinant of protein yields in this grain legume. The aim of this study was to unveil the transcriptional regulations occurring in pea leaves before the sharp decrease in chlorophyll breakdown. As a prelude to this study, a time-series analysis of 15N translocation at the whole plant level was performed, which indicated that nitrogen recycling among organs was highly dynamic during this period and varied depending on nitrate availability. Leaves collected on vegetative and reproductive nodes were further analyzed by transcriptomics. The data revealed extensive transcriptome changes in leaves of reproductive nodes during early seed development (from flowering to 14 days after flowering), including an up-regulation of genes encoding transporters, and particularly of sulfate that might sustain sulfur metabolism in leaves of the reproductive part. This developmental period was also characterized by a down-regulation of cell wall-associated genes in leaves of both reproductive and vegetative nodes, reflecting a shift in cell wall structure. Later on, 27 days after flowering, genes potentially switching the metabolism of leaves toward senescence were pinpointed, some of which are related to ribosomal RNA processing, autophagy, or transport systems. Transcription factors differentially regulated in leaves between stages were identified and a gene co-expression network pointed out some of them as potential regulators of the above-mentioned biological processes. The same approach was conducted in Medicago truncatula to identify shared regulations with this wild legume species. Altogether the results give a global view of transcriptional events in leaves of legumes at early reproductive stages and provide a valuable resource of candidate genes that could be targeted by reverse genetics to improve nutrient remobilization and/or delay catabolic processes leading to senescence.
Published: 2019
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6. Correction: Eliminating Anti-Nutritional Plant Food Proteins: The Case of Seed Protease Inhibitors in Pea.

Author: Alfonso Clemente, Maria C Arques, Marion Dalmais, Christine Le Signor, Catherine Chinoy, Raquel Olias, Tracey Rayner, Peter G Isaac, David M Lawson, Abdelhafid Bendahmane, and Claire Domoney
Subjects: Medicine, Science
Published: 2015
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7. Eliminating anti-nutritional plant food proteins: the case of seed protease inhibitors in pea.

Author: Alfonso Clemente, Maria C Arques, Marion Dalmais, Christine Le Signor, Catherine Chinoy, Raquel Olias, Tracey Rayner, Peter G Isaac, David M Lawson, Abdelhafid Bendahmane, and Claire Domoney
Subjects: Medicine, Science
Abstract: Several classes of seed proteins limit the utilisation of plant proteins in human and farm animal diets, while plant foods have much to offer to the sustainable intensification of food/feed production and to human health. Reduction or removal of these proteins could greatly enhance seed protein quality and various strategies have been used to try to achieve this with limited success. We investigated whether seed protease inhibitor mutations could be exploited to enhance seed quality, availing of induced mutant and natural Pisum germplasm collections to identify mutants, whilst acquiring an understanding of the impact of mutations on activity. A mutant (TILLING) resource developed in Pisum sativum L. (pea) and a large germplasm collection representing Pisum diversity were investigated as sources of mutations that reduce or abolish the activity of the major protease inhibitor (Bowman-Birk) class of seed protein. Of three missense mutations, predicted to affect activity of the mature trypsin / chymotrypsin inhibitor TI1 protein, a C77Y substitution in the mature mutant inhibitor abolished inhibitor activity, consistent with an absolute requirement for the disulphide bond C77-C92 for function in the native inhibitor. Two further classes of mutation (S85F, E109K) resulted in less dramatic changes to isoform or overall inhibitory activity. The alternative strategy to reduce anti-nutrients, by targeted screening of Pisum germplasm, successfully identified a single accession (Pisum elatius) as a double null mutant for the two closely linked genes encoding the TI1 and TI2 seed protease inhibitors. The P. elatius mutant has extremely low seed protease inhibitory activity and introgression of the mutation into cultivated germplasm has been achieved. The study provides new insights into structure-function relationships for protease inhibitors which impact on pea seed quality. The induced and natural germplasm variants identified provide immediate potential for either halving or abolishing the corresponding inhibitory activity, along with associated molecular markers for breeding programmes. The potential for making large changes to plant protein profiles for improved and sustainable food production through diversity is illustrated. The strategy employed here to reduce anti-nutritional proteins in seeds may be extended to allergens and other seed proteins with negative nutritional effects. Additionally, the novel variants described for pea will assist future studies of the biological role and health-related properties of so-called anti-nutrients.
Published: 2015
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8. Sulfur in determining seed protein composition: present understanding of its interaction with abiotic stresses and future directions

Author: Titouan Bonnot, Fanélie Bachelet, Julie Boudet, Christine Le Signor, Emmanuelle Bancel, Vanessa Vernoud, Catherine Ravel, and Karine Gallardo
Subjects: Physiology, Plant Science
Abstract: Improving and stabilizing the quality of seed proteins are of growing interest in the current food and agroecological transitions. Sulfur is a key determinant of this quality since it is essential for the synthesis of sulfur-rich proteins in seeds. A lack of sulfur provokes drastic changes in seed protein composition, negatively impacting the nutritional and functional properties of proteins, and leading in some cases to diseases or health problems in humans. Sulfur also plays a crucial role in stress tolerance through the synthesis of antioxidant or protective molecules. In the context of climate change, questions arise regarding the trade-off between seed yield and seed quality with respect to sulfur availability and use by crops that represent important sources of proteins for human nutrition. Here, we review recent work obtained in legumes, cereals, as well as in Arabidopsis, that present major advances on: (i) the interaction between sulfur nutrition and environmental or nutritional stresses with regard to seed yield and protein composition; (ii) metabolic pathways that merit to be targeted to mitigate negative impacts of environmental stresses on seed protein quality; and (iii) the importance of sulfur homeostasis for the regulation of seed protein composition and its interplay with seed redox homeostasis.
Published: 2023

9. Structural and functional analyses explain Pea KAI2 receptor diversity and reveal stereoselective catalysis during signal perception

Author: David Cornu, François-Didier Boyer, Angelica M. Guercio, Nitzan Shabek, Alexandre de Saint Germain, Philippe Le Bris, Abdelhafid Bendahmane, Caroline Gutjahr, Salar Torabi, Catherine Rameau, Christine Le Signor, Marion Dalmais, Jean-Paul Pillot, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles (ICSN), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of California [Davis] (UC Davis), University of California (UC), Technische Universität Munchen - Université Technique de Munich [Munich, Allemagne] (TUM), Institut de Biologie Intégrative de la Cellule (I2BC), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut des Sciences des Plantes de Paris-Saclay (IPS2 (UMR_9213 / UMR_1403)), Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Agroécologie [Dijon], Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), AgroParisTech-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), and 2047396/National Science Foundation (NSF)2028283/National Science Foundation (NSF)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, QH301-705.5, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Arabidopsis, Strigolactone, Medicine (miscellaneous), 01 natural sciences, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Catalysis, Serine, 03 medical and health sciences, Plant Growth Regulators, Hydrolase, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, [SDV.BBM.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Biochemistry [q-bio.BM], Biology (General), Receptor, Histidine, 030304 developmental biology, Butenolide, 0303 health sciences, [SDV.BBM.BS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Structural Biology [q-bio.BM], Chemistry, Arabidopsis Proteins, Peas, food and beverages, [SDV.BV.BOT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Botanics, Ligand (biochemistry), Biochemistry, Perception, Signal transduction, General Agricultural and Biological Sciences, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: KAI2 are plant α/β hydrolase receptors, which perceive smoke-derived butenolide signals (karrikins) and putative endogenous, yet unidentified phytohormones (KAI2-ligands, KLs). The number of functional KAI2 receptors varies among plant species. It has been suggested that KAI2 gene duplication and sub-functionalization plays an adaptative role for diverse environments or ligand diversification by altering the receptor responsiveness to specific KLs. Legumes represent one of the largest families of flowering plants and contain many essential agronomic crops. Prior to legume diversification, KAI2 underwent duplication, resulting in KAI2A and KAI2B. Integrating plant genetics, ligand perception and enzymatic assays, and protein crystallography, we demonstrate that Pisum sativum KAI2A and KAI2B act as receptors and enzymes with divergent ligand stereoselectivity. KAI2B has a stronger affinity than KAI2A towards the KAI2-ligand (-)-GR24 and remarkably hydrolyses a broader range of substrates including the strigolactone-like isomer (+)-GR24. We determine the crystal structures of PsKAI2B in apo and butenolide-bound states. The biochemical and structural analyses as well as recorded mass spectra of KAI2s reveal a transient intermediate on the catalytic serine and a stable adduct on the catalytic histidine, further illuminating the role of KAI2 not only as receptors but also as bona fide enzymes. Our work uncovers the stereoselectivity of ligand perception and catalysis by evolutionarily diverged KAI2 receptors in KAR/KL signaling pathways and proposes adaptive sensitivity to KAR/KL and strigolactone phytohormones by KAI2B.
Published: 2022

10. Fast Computation of Genome-Metagenome Interaction Effects.

Author: Florent Guinot, Marie Szafranski, Julien Chiquet, Anouk Zancarini, Christine Le Signor, Christophe Mougel, and Christophe Ambroise
Published: 2018

11. The transcriptional co-regulators NBCL1 and NBCL2 redundantly coordinate aerial organ development and root nodule identity in legumes

Author: Shengbin Liu, Kévin Magne, Jing Zhou, Juliette Laude, Marion Dalmais, Christine Le Signor, Abdelhafid Bendahmane, Richard Thompson, Jean-Malo Couzigou, Pascal Ratet, Institut des Sciences des Plantes de Paris-Saclay (IPS2 (UMR_9213 / UMR_1403)), Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Agroécologie [Dijon], Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro Dijon, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), This work was supported by the Centre National de la RechercheScientifique (CNRS) and by a grant from the French National ResearchAgency (ANR-14-CE19-0003-01) to PR. This work has benefittedfrom the support of the French Laboratory of Excellence (Labex) SaclayPlant Sciences (ANR-10-LABX-0040-SPS, LabEx SPS and ANR-17-EUR-0007, EUR SPS-GSR) which is managed by the French NationalResearch Agency under the program ‘Investissements d’avenir’ (ANR-11-IDEX-0003-02). J-MC and JZ were supported by the FrenchLaboratory of Excellence (Labex) project ‘TULIP’ (ANR-10-LABX-41, ANR-11-IDEX-0002-02), ANR-14-CE19-0003,NOOT,Les gènes NOOT gardiens de l'dentité des nodosités symbiotiques et de l'abscission(2014), ANR-10-LABX-0040,SPS,Saclay Plant Sciences(2010), ANR-11-IDEX-0003,IPS,Idex Paris-Saclay(2011), and ANR-11-IDEX-0002,UNITI,Université Fédérale de Toulouse(2011)
Subjects: NODULE-ROOT, Physiology, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Plant Science, organ identity, symbiosis, stipule, Medicago truncatula, inflorescence, COCHLEATA, development, boundaries, Pisum sativum, NOOT-BOP-COCH-LIKE
Abstract: International audience; Medicago truncatula NODULE ROOT1 (MtNOOT1) and Pisum sativum COCHLEATA1 (PsCOCH1) are orthologous genes belonging to the NOOT-BOP-COCH-LIKE (NBCL) gene family which encodes key transcriptional co-regulators of plant development. In Mtnoot1 and Pscoch1 mutants, the development of stipule, flower and symbiotic nodules is altered. MtNOOT2 and PsCOCH2 represent the single paralogs of MtNOOT1 and PsCOCH1, respectively. In M. truncatula, MtNOOT1 and MtNOOT2 are both required for the establishment and maintenance of the symbiotic nodule identity. In contrast to the NBCL1 genes, the role of NBCL2 genes in legume above-ground development is not known. To better understand the roles of NBCL genes in legumes, we used M. truncatula and P. sativum nbcl mutants from the literature, isolated a knockout mutant for the PsCOCH2 locus and generated Pscoch1coch2 double mutants in P. sativum. These new mutant lines enabled to compare the roles of MtNOOT2 and PsCOCH2 in both M. truncatula and P. sativum legume development. Our work shows that the single Mtnoot2 and Pscoch2 mutants develop wild-type stipules, flowers and symbiotic nodules. However, the number of flowers was increased and the pods and seeds were smaller in comparison to wild type. Furthermore, in comparison to the corresponding nbcl1 single mutants, both the M. truncatula and P. sativum nbcl double mutants show a drastic alteration in stipule, inflorescence, flower and nodule development. Remarkably, in both M. truncatula and P. sativum nbcl double mutants, stipules are transformed into a range of aberrant leaf-like structures.
Published: 2022

12. Proteomics of developing pea seeds reveals a complex antioxidant network underlying the response to sulfur deficiency and water stress

Author: Thierry Balliau, Jonathan Kreplak, Karine Gallardo, Charlotte Henriet, Christine Le Signor, Michel Zivy, Delphine Aime, Vanessa Vernoud, Agroécologie [Dijon], Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), and Plateforme d'Analyse Protéomique de Paris Sud Ouest (PAPPSO)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, Antioxidant, Physiology, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], medicine.medical_treatment, pea, Plant Science, Biology, Proteomics, Insights, 01 natural sciences, Antioxidants, redox balance, Transcriptome, water stress, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, proteomics, Gene Expression Regulation, Plant, shotgun, medicine, Shotgun proteomics, pisum sativum, Plant Proteins, 2. Zero hunger, protein network, Dehydration, AcademicSubjects/SCI01210, nutrient, Peas, food and beverages, systems biology, Glutathione, multi-omics, abiotic stresses, Cell biology, Metabolism, 030104 developmental biology, chemistry, omics integration, sulfur, Seeds, Proteome, Methionine sulfoxide reductase, Thioredoxin, seed development, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: Pea is a legume crop producing protein-rich seeds and is increasingly in demand for human consumption and animal feed. The aim of this study was to explore the proteome of developing pea seeds at three key stages covering embryogenesis, the transition to seed-filling, and the beginning of storage-protein synthesis, and to investigate how the proteome was influenced by S deficiency and water stress, applied either separately or combined. Of the 3184 proteins quantified by shotgun proteomics, 2473 accumulated at particular stages, thus providing insights into the proteome dynamics at these stages. Differential analyses in response to the stresses and inference of a protein network using the whole proteomics dataset identified a cluster of antioxidant proteins (including a glutathione S-transferase, a methionine sulfoxide reductase, and a thioredoxin) possibly involved in maintaining redox homeostasis during early seed development and preventing cellular damage under stress conditions. Integration of the proteomics data with previously obtained transcriptomics data at the transition to seed-filling revealed the transcriptional events associated with the accumulation of the stress-regulated antioxidant proteins. This transcriptional defense response involves genes of sulfate homeostasis and assimilation, thus providing candidates for targeted studies aimed at dissecting the signaling cascade linking S metabolism to antioxidant processes in developing seeds.
Published: 2021

13. Genetic determinants of seed protein plasticity in response to the environment in Medicago truncatula

Author: Julia Buitink, Valérie Labas, Joseph Ly Vu, Lucie Combes-Soia, Christine Le Signor, Kévin Cartelier, Delphine Aimé, Karine Gallardo, Jean‐Marie Prosperi, Agroécologie [Dijon], Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences (IRHS), Université d'Angers (UA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Physiologie de la reproduction et des comportements [Nouzilly] (PRC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université de Tours-Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation [Saumur], Amélioration génétique et adaptation des plantes méditerranéennes et tropicales (UMR AGAP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), National Science Foundation (grant NSF-0703285). The PhD fellowship of Kévin Cartelier was funded by the INRAE BAP (Plant Biology and Breeding) department and the Regional Council of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté., ANR-15-CE20-0001,REGULEG,Identification des régulateurs participant à la plasticité d'adaptation des graines de légumineuses aux changements environnementaux(2015), and Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation [Saumur]-Université de Tours (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, Candidate gene, Genotype, legumes, Mutant, Vitamin U, Genome-wide association study, Plant Science, Biology, methionine recycling, 01 natural sciences, [SDV.GEN.GPL]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Plants genetics, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Methionine, Stress, Physiological, Medicago truncatula, Genetics, Storage protein, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, Genome-wide association studies (GWAS), Gene, Plant Proteins, 2. Zero hunger, chemistry.chemical_classification, Seed Storage Proteins, food and beverages, Globulins, Cell Biology, biology.organism_classification, Metabolic pathway, Phenotype, 030104 developmental biology, chemistry, storage proteins, 13. Climate action, plasticity, Mutation, Seeds, seed, Genome-Wide Association Study, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: As the frequency of extreme environmental events is expected to increase with climate change, identifying candidate genes for stabilizing the protein composition of legume seeds or optimizing this in a given environment is increasingly important. To elucidate the genetic determinants of seed protein plasticity, major seed proteins from 200 ecotypes of Medicago truncatula grown in four contrasting environments were quantified after one-dimensional electrophoresis. The plasticity index of these proteins was recorded for each genotype as the slope of Finlay and Wilkinson's regression and then used for genome-wide association studies (GWASs), enabling the identification of candidate genes for determining this plasticity. This list was enriched in genes related to transcription, DNA repair and signal transduction, with many of them being stress responsive. Other over-represented genes were related to sulfur and aspartate family pathways leading to the synthesis of the nutritionally essential amino acids methionine and lysine. By placing these genes in metabolic pathways, and using a M. truncatula mutant impaired in regenerating methionine from S-methylmethionine, we discovered that methionine recycling pathways are major contributors to globulin composition establishment and plasticity. These data provide a unique resource of genes that can be targeted to mitigate negative impacts of environmental stresses on seed protein composition.
Published: 2021

14. Genome-wide association study identified candidate genes for seed size and seed composition improvement in M. truncatula

Author: Yi-Min She, Yun Kang, Vanessa Lancon-Verdier, Christine Le Signor, Zhijuan Chen, Jerome Verdier, Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences (IRHS), Université d'Angers (UA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Groupe de Recherche en Agroalimentaire sur les Produits et les Procédés (GRAPPE), Ecole supérieure d'Agricultures d'Angers (ESA)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Agroécologie [Dijon], Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Chinese Acad Sci, Shanghai Inst Biol Sci, CAS MPG Partner Inst Computat Biol, CAS Key Lab Computat Biol, Shanghai, Peoples R China, Partenaires INRAE, Ottawa Health Research Institute, Region Pays de la Loire, European Commission, and China Scholarship Council (CSC) from the Ministry of Education of P.R. China: 01704910863.
Subjects: Agricultural genetics, 0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, Plant genetics, Science, Quantitative Trait Loci, Population, Quantitative trait locus, Biology, Genes, Plant, 01 natural sciences, Article, [SDV.GEN.GPL]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Plants genetics, 03 medical and health sciences, Quantitative Trait, Heritable, Medicago truncatula, Botany, Storage protein, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, education, Legume, 2. Zero hunger, chemistry.chemical_classification, education.field_of_study, Genetic diversity, Multidisciplinary, Medicago, Geography, Computational Biology, food and beverages, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, Gene Ontology, Phenotype, 030104 developmental biology, chemistry, Plant protein, Seeds, Medicine, Edible Grain, Algorithms, Genome, Plant, Genome-Wide Association Study, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: Grain legumes are highly valuable plant species, as they produce seeds with high protein content. Increasing seed protein production and improving seed nutritional quality represent an agronomical challenge in order to promote plant protein consumption of a growing population. In this study, we used the genetic diversity, naturally present in Medicago truncatula, a model plant for legumes, to identify genes/loci regulating seed traits. Indeed, using sequencing data of 162 accessions from the Medicago HAPMAP collection, we performed genome-wide association study for 32 seed traits related to seed size and seed composition such as seed protein content/concentration, sulfur content/concentration. Using different GWAS and postGWAS methods, we identified 79 quantitative trait nucleotides (QTNs) as regulating seed size, 41 QTNs for seed composition related to nitrogen (i.e. storage protein) and sulfur (i.e. sulfur-containing amino acid) concentrations/contents. Furthermore, a strong positive correlation between seed size and protein content was revealed within the selected Medicago HAPMAP collection. In addition, several QTNs showed highly significant associations in different seed phenotypes for further functional validation studies, including one near an RNA-Binding Domain protein, which represents a valuable candidate as central regulator determining both seed size and composition. Finally, our findings in M. truncatula represent valuable resources to be exploitable in many legume crop species such as pea, common bean, and soybean due to its high synteny, which enable rapid transfer of these results into breeding programs and eventually help the improvement of legume grain production.
Published: 2021

15. β-Amyrin Synthase1 Controls the Accumulation of the Major Saponins Present in Pea (Pisum sativum)

Author: Olivier Berdeaux, Myriam Sanchez, Brigitte Darchy, Christine Le Signor, Jocelyn Munier, Julie Marais, Nadia Rossin, Richard D. Thompson, Vanessa Vernoud, Marie-Aleth Lacaille-Dubois, Grégoire Aubert, Ludivine Lebeigle, David Pertuit, Agroécologie [Dijon], Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Plateforme Chemosens [Dijon], Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation [Dijon] (CSGA), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), the European Funds for Regional Development (FEDER-FSE Bourgogne 2014/2020), the French Inter-Ministerial Unique Funds (FUI), and the Region of Burgundy (France) as part of the LEG’UP project (AAP FUI 18). The Investment for the Future program PeaMUST [ANR-11-BTBR-0002] financed the production of the Ps336/11 TILLING population, and ANR-11-BTBR-0002,PeaMUST,Adaptation multistress et régulations biologiques pour l'amélioration du rendement et de la stabilité du pois protéagineux(2011)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, TILLING, Physiology, Mutant, Nonsense mutation, Plant Science, medicine.disease_cause, 01 natural sciences, Pisum, 03 medical and health sciences, Spatio-Temporal Analysis, Sativum, Gene Expression Regulation, Plant, Loss of Function Mutation, medicine, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, Intramolecular Transferases, Gene, Plant Proteins, 030304 developmental biology, 2. Zero hunger, [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, 0303 health sciences, Mutation, biology, Peas, food and beverages, Cell Biology, General Medicine, Saponins, biology.organism_classification, Biochemistry, Seeds, Functional genomics, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: The use of pulses as ingredients for the production of food products rich in plant proteins is increasing. However, protein fractions prepared from pea or other pulses contain significant amounts of saponins, glycosylated triterpenes that can impart an undesirable bitter taste when used as an ingredient in foodstuffs. In this article, we describe the identification and characterization of a gene involved in saponin biosynthesis during pea seed development, by screening mutants obtained from two Pisum sativum TILLING (Targeting Induced Local Lesions IN Genomes) populations in two different genetic backgrounds. The mutations studied are located in a gene designated PsBAS1 (β-amyrin synthase1), which is highly expressed in maturing pea seeds and which encodes a protein previously shown to correspond to an active β-amyrin synthase. The first allele is a nonsense mutation, while the second mutation is located in a splice site and gives rise to a mis-spliced transcript encoding a truncated, nonfunctional protein. The homozygous mutant seeds accumulated virtually no saponin without affecting the seed nutritional or physiological quality. Interestingly, BAS1 appears to control saponin accumulation in all other tissues of the plant examined. These lines represent a first step in the development of pea varieties lacking bitterness off-flavors in their seeds. Our work also shows that TILLING populations in different genetic backgrounds represent valuable genetic resources for both crop improvement and functional genomics.
Published: 2021

16. Importance des voies de recyclage de la méthionine dans le contrôle de la plasticité de la composition protéique des graines

Author: Kévin Cartelier, Delphine Aime, Jean‐marie Prosperi, Julia Buitink, Christine Le Signor, Karine Gallardo, EL Mjiyad, Noureddine, Agroécologie [Dijon], Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Amélioration génétique et adaptation des plantes méditerranéennes et tropicales (UMR AGAP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences (IRHS), and Université d'Angers (UA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST
Subjects: methionine, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], plasticity, seed, proteins
Abstract: International audience; La production de protéines végétales en France et en Europe nécessite de fournir des outils d’aide à la sélection de variétés de légumineuses produisant des graines de meilleure valeur nutritionnelle possible. Bien que certains constituants réputés antinutritionnels aient été réduits dans les graines des variétés de légumineuses, la fraction protéique reste à améliorer et à stabiliser pour d’avantage d’équilibre en acides aminés. Cet enjeu nécessite d’identifier les gènes contrôlant la composition protéique des graines et sa plasticité vis-à-vis de l’environnement. Une approche de génétique d’association à l’échelle du génome (GWAS) appliquée à 200 écotypes de Medicago truncatula a mis en évidence des polymorphismes de séquence associés à des variations de plasticité de la composition protéique des graines récoltées dans 4 environnements contrastés. Ce travail a permis d’établir une liste de gènes susceptibles de contrôler cette plasticité. Fait intéressant, cette liste est enrichie en gènes appartenant aux métabolismes du soufre et des acides aminés dérivés de l’aspartate, en particulier de la méthionine (acide aminé essentiel). En replaçant ces gènes dans les voies métaboliques correspondantes, nous avons découvert l'importance des voies de recyclage de la méthionine dans le contrôle de la plasticité de la composition protéique des graines. En utilisant un mutant pour l’enzyme HMT3 (homocystéine S-méthyltransférase) nous avons montré que le recyclage de méthionine à partir de S-méthylméthionine, une forme de transport de méthionine dans le phloème, contribue d’une part à l’accumulation des globulines les plus riches en soufre (les légumines) dans un environnement donné, et d’autre part à la plasticité de la composition protéique des graines sous contrainte environnementale. En plus d’apporter des éléments nouveaux sur le rôle du recyclage de la méthionine dans l’élaboration de la composition protéique des graines, ce travail fournit une ressource unique de gènes candidats utilisables en sélection pour stabiliser la composition protéique des graines.
Published: 2021

17. Transcriptional Reprogramming of Pea Leaves at Early Reproductive Stages

Author: Judith Burstin, Alicia Besson, Charlotte Henriet, Sandrine Balzergue, Christophe Salon, Grégoire Aubert, Myriam Sanchez, Karine Gallardo, Christine Le Signor, Stéphanie Pateyron, Jean-Christophe Avice, Jacques Trouverie, Morgane Terezol, Annabelle Larmure, Anthony Klein, Agroécologie [Dijon], Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Institut des Sciences des Plantes de Paris-Saclay (IPS2 (UMR_9213 / UMR_1403)), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Ecophysiologie Végétale, Agronomie et Nutritions (EVA), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), French National Research Agency (ANR) ANR-09-GENM-026, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris-Saclay-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, legumes, reproductive period, Chromosomal translocation, Plant Science, lcsh:Plant culture, 01 natural sciences, Pisum, Transcriptome, 03 medical and health sciences, transcriptomics, Nutrient, Sativum, Botany, Transcription factors, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, lcsh:SB1-1110, Transcription factor, Gene, Original Research, biology, food and beverages, nitrogen remobilization, biology.organism_classification, Medicago truncatula, co-expression, Transporters, 030104 developmental biology, leaves, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: International audience; Pea (Pisum sativum L.) is an important source of dietary proteins. Nutrient recycling from leaves contributes to the accumulation of seed proteins and is a pivotal determinant of protein yields in this grain legume. The aim of this study was to unveil the transcriptional regulations occurring in pea leaves before the sharp decrease in chlorophyll breakdown. As a prelude to this study, a time-series analysis of N-15 translocation at the whole plant level was performed, which indicated that nitrogen recycling among organs was highly dynamic during this period and varied depending on nitrate availability. Leaves collected on vegetative and reproductive nodes were further analyzed by transcriptomics. The data revealed extensive transcriptome changes in leaves of reproductive nodes during early seed development (from flowering to 14 days after flowering), including an up-regulation of genes encoding transporters, and particularly of sulfate that might sustain sulfur metabolism in leaves of the reproductive part. This developmental period was also characterized by a down-regulation of cell wall-associated genes in leaves of both reproductive and vegetative nodes, reflecting a shift in cell wall structure. Later on, 27 days after flowering, genes potentially switching the metabolism of leaves toward senescence were pinpointed, some of which are related to ribosomal RNA processing, autophagy, or transport systems. Transcription factors differentially regulated in leaves between stages were identified and a gene co-expression network pointed out some of them as potential regulators of the above-mentioned biological processes. The same approach was conducted in Medicago truncatula to identify shared regulations with this wild legume species. Altogether the results give a global view of transcriptional events in leaves of legumes at early reproductive stages and provide a valuable resource of candidate genes that could be targeted by reverse genetics to improve nutrient remobilization and/or delay catabolic processes leading to senescence.
Published: 2019

18. The Medicago truncatula LysM receptor‐like kinase LYK9 plays a dual role in immunity and the arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis

Author: Christine Le Signor, Emilie Amblard, Chrystel Gibelin-Viala, Christophe Jacquet, Adeline Bascaules-Bedin, Maxime Bonhomme, Kirankumar S. Mysore, Magali Garcia, Virginie Puech-Pagès, Clare Gough, Judith Fliegmann, Jiangqi Wen, Laboratoire des interactions plantes micro-organismes (LIPM), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Evolution des Interactions Plantes-Microorganismes, Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales (LRSV), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Metatoul - Agromix, Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-MetaToul-MetaboHUB, Génopole Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées [Auzeville] (GENOTOUL), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Génopole Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées [Auzeville] (GENOTOUL), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Noble Research Institute, Agroécologie [Dijon], Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Universite Paul Sabatier, National Science Foundation : DBI-0703285 and IOS-1127155, INRA, CNRS, ANR-14-CE18-0008,NICE CROPS,Bio-stimulateurs chitiniques naturels pour une agriculture durable(2014), ANR-10-LABX-0041,TULIP,Towards a Unified theory of biotic Interactions: the roLe of environmental(2010), ANR-11-INBS-0010,METABOHUB,Développement d'une infrastructure française distribuée pour la métabolomique dédiée à l'innovation(2011), Laboratoire d'Excellence' LABEX entitled TULIP : ANR-10-LABX-41, French Agence Nationale de la Recherche 'NICE CROPS' project : ANR-14-CE18-0008-02, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, Rhizophagus irregularis, Physiology, plant defence, Plant Immunity, Oligosaccharides, Chitin, Plant Science, Fungus, Aphanomyces, 01 natural sciences, Microbiology, [SDV.GEN.GPL]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Plants genetics, 03 medical and health sciences, Symbiosis, Aphanomyces euteiches, Gene Expression Regulation, Plant, Mycorrhizae, Medicago truncatula, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, Amino Acid Sequence, Glomeromycota, Pathogen, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Plant Proteins, Oomycete, Chitosan, [SDV.GEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, biology, chitooligosaccharide, fungi, LysM receptor-like kinase, food and beverages, biology.organism_classification, symbiosis, 030104 developmental biology, Mutation, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: International audience; Plant -specific lysin-motif receptor-like kinases (LysM-RLKs) are implicated in the perception of N-acetyl glucosamine-containing compounds, some of which are important signal molecules in plant-microbe interactions. Among these, both lipo-chitooligosaccharides (LCOs) and chitooligosaccharides (COs) are proposed as arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungal symbiotic signals. COs can also activate plant defence, although there are scarce data about CO production by pathogens, especially nonfungal pathogens. We tested Medicago truncatula mutants in the LysM-RLK MtLYK9 for their abilities to interact with the AM fungus Rhizophagus irregularis and the oomycete pathogen Aphanomyces euteiches. This prompted us to analyse whether A. euteiches can produce COs. Compared with wild-type plants, Mtlyk9 mutants had fewer infection events and were less colonised by the AM fungus. By contrast, Mtlyk9 mutants were more heavily infected by A. euteiches and showed more disease symptoms. Aphanomyces euteiches was also shown to produce short COs, mainly CO II, but also CO III and CO IV, and traces of CO V, both ex planta and in planta. MtLYK9 thus has a dual role in plant immunity and the AM symbiosis, which raises questions about the functioning and the ancestral origins of such a receptor protein.
Published: 2019

19. Elucidating the genetic determinism of the plasticity of seed proteins in response to the environment using Medicago truncatula

Author: Kévin Cartelier, Delphine Aime, Morgane Terezol, Vanessa Vernoud, Julia Buitink, Jean-Marie Prosperi, Karine Gallardo, Christine Le Signor, Agroécologie [Dijon], Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences (IRHS), Université d'Angers (UA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Ecologie fonctionnelle et biogéochimie des sols et des agro-écosystèmes (UMR Eco&Sols), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), ProdInra, Migration, AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Angers (UA), Amélioration génétique et adaptation des plantes méditerranéennes et tropicales (UMR AGAP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté (COMUE) (UBFC). Dijon, FRA., Unité de recherches de génétique et amélioration des plantes, and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)
Subjects: [SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDE] Environmental Sciences, agroecology, [SDV.SA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, ground beetle, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDE]Environmental Sciences, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, food and beverages, [SDV.BV] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, bees
Abstract: International audience; Legumes are able to produce high-protein seeds without nitrogen fertilizer through root symbiosis with nitrogen-fixing rhizobia. Rich in lysine, these proteins are used for human nutrition and animal feed. However, instability of seed protein yield and quality due to environmental fluctuations limits the wide adoption of legumes in Europe. Breeding efforts are needed to optimize and stabilize seed nutritional quality. We have studied the plasticity of protein content and composition of seeds from a collection of 200 ecotypes of Medicago truncatula grown under four controlled conditions (optimal, drought, and winter/spring sowing). A quantitative analysis of one-dimensional protein profiles of these mature seeds was performed and plasticity indices were calculated. Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) were performed from these data and a list of candidate genes under major GWAS hotspots was identified. The selection of candidate regulators for the adaptation of seed protein composition was refined using transcriptomics data from developing seeds. The pea orthologs of these genes were identified for functional studies in this species. The mechanisms that could govern seed protein plasticity to changing environments will be presented, providing new cues towards the improvement of legume seed quality.
Published: 2019

20. PUB1 Interacts with the Receptor Kinase DMI2 and Negatively Regulates Rhizobial and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Symbioses through Its Ubiquitination Activity in Medicago truncatula

Author: Richard D. Thompson, Ton Timmers, Tatiana Vernié, Céline Camps, Sylvie Camut, Malick Mbengue, Christine Hervé, Fernanda de Carvalho-Niebel, Julie V. Cullimore, Virginie Gasciolli, Christine Le Signor, Benoit Lefebvre, Céline Remblière, Laboratoire des interactions plantes micro-organismes (LIPM), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut des Sciences des Plantes de Paris-Saclay (IPS2 (UMR_9213 / UMR_1403)), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Agroécologie [Dijon], Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Agence Nationale Recherche [ANR-12-BSV7-0001, ANR-09-BLAN-0241-01], Grain Legumes Integrated Project of the European Commission FP6 Framework Program [FOOD-CT-2004-506223], TILLING program, ANR-12-BSV7-0001,SYMNALING,Signalisation symbiotique : mécanismes d' activation et spécificité dans la transduction des signaux Myc et Nod(2012), ANR-09-BLAN-0241,MycSignalling(2009), ANR-10-LABX-0041,TULIP,Towards a Unified theory of biotic Interactions: the roLe of environmental(2010), and European Project: ,FP6 Framework Program_FOOD-CT-2004-506223
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, Rhizophagus irregularis, lotus-japonicus, Root nodule, Physiology, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Colony Count, Microbial, plant, Plant Science, 01 natural sciences, Glomeromycota, Mycorrhizae, Phosphorylation, [SDV.MP.MYC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Mycology, Plant Proteins, biology, Kinase, plasma-membrane, Articles, [SDV.BV.BOT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Botanics, Medicago truncatula, Ubiquitin ligase, Cell biology, Signal transduction, Rhizobium, Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, 03 medical and health sciences, nod factor, Protein Domains, Symbiosis, [SDV.BBM.GTP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Genomics [q-bio.GN], Botany, Genetics, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, pathway, fungi, Ubiquitination, [SDV.BBM.BM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Molecular biology, biology.organism_classification, infection, root-nodules, arabidopsis, 030104 developmental biology, biology.protein, protein, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: International audience; PUB1, an E3 ubiquitin ligase, which interacts with and is phosphorylated by the LYK3 symbiotic receptor kinase, negatively regulates rhizobial infection and nodulation during the nitrogen-fixing root nodule symbiosis in Medicago truncatula. In this study, we show that PUB1 also interacts with and is phosphorylated by DOES NOT MAKE INFECTIONS 2, the key symbiotic receptor kinase of the common symbiosis signaling pathway, required for both the rhizobial and the arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) endosymbioses. We also show here that PUB1 expression is activated during successive stages of root colonization by Rhizophagus irregularis that is compatible with its interaction with DOES NOT MAKE INFECTIONS 2. Through characterization of a mutant, pub1-1, affected by the E3 ubiquitin ligase activity of PUB1, we have shown that the ubiquitination activity of PUB1 is required to negatively modulate successive stages of infection and development of rhizobial and AM symbioses. In conclusion, PUB1 represents, to our knowledge, a novel common component of symbiotic signaling integrating signal perception through interaction with and phosphorylation by two key symbiotic receptor kinases, and downstream signaling via its ubiquitination activity to fine-tune both rhizobial and AM root endosymbioses.
Published: 2016

21. Targeting Induced Local Lesions IN Genomes (TILLING) in Medicago truncatula

Author: Myriam, Sánchez, Christine, Le Signor, Gregoire, Aubert, Brigitte, Darchy, Karine, Gallardo, and Richard D, Thompson
Subjects: Phenotype, Mutagenesis, Ethyl Methanesulfonate, Medicago truncatula, Seeds, Reproducibility of Results, Genomics, Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Genome, Plant
Abstract: TILLING is a reverse genetics strategy that combines the high density of point mutations provided by traditional chemical mutagenesis with rapid screening of DNA pools from a mutagenized population for induced mutations (McCallum et al., Nat Biotechnol 18:455-457, 2000). This high-throughput technique allows the identification of point mutations in any gene of interest.
Published: 2018

22. Functional Genomics and Seed Development in Medicago truncatula: An Overview

Author: Christine, Le Signor, Vanessa, Vernoud, Mélanie, Noguero, Karine, Gallardo, and Richard D, Thompson
Subjects: Proteomics, Gene Expression Profiling, High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing, Plant Development, Reproducibility of Results, Genomics, Gene Expression Regulation, Plant, Medicago truncatula, Mutation, Seeds, Gene Regulatory Networks, Transcriptome, Genome, Plant, Plant Physiological Phenomena, Genome-Wide Association Study
Abstract: The study of seed development in the model species Medicago truncatula has made a significant contribution to our understanding of this process in crop legumes. Thanks to the availability of comprehensive proteomics and transcriptomics databases, coupled with exhaustive mutant collections, the roles of several regulatory genes in development and maturation are beginning to be deciphered and functionally validated. Advances in next-generation sequencing and the availability of a genomic sequence have made feasible high-density SNP genotyping, allowing the identification of markers tightly linked to traits of agronomic interest. A further major advance is to be expected from the integration of omics resources in functional network construction, which has been used recently to identify "hub" genes central to important traits.
Published: 2018

23. Unleashing meiotic crossovers in crops

Author: Céline Rond-Coissieux, Myriam Sanchez, Emilie Vieille, Anthony Klein, Christophe Rothan, Raphael Mercier, Christine Le Signor, Jean-Philippe Mauxion, Marion Dalmais, Emmanuel Guiderdoni, Delphine Mieulet, Grégoire Aubert, Gaëtan Droc, Cécile Bres, Diversité, adaptation, développement des plantes (UMR DIADE), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Département Systèmes Biologiques (Cirad-BIOS), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Agroécologie [Dijon], Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Biologie du fruit et pathologie (BFP), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1, Amélioration génétique et adaptation des plantes méditerranéennes et tropicales (UMR AGAP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Institut des Sciences des Plantes de Paris-Saclay (IPS2 (UMR_9213 / UMR_1403)), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, HyperRec grants from INRA Transfert, LabEx Saclay Plant Sciences-SPS : ANR-10-LABX-0040-SPS, Investissements d'Avenir, France Genomique project IRIGIN (International Rice Genome Initiative) : 10-INBS-0009, CGIAR research program on rice (RICE), ANR-11-IDEX-0002,UNITI,Université Fédérale de Toulouse(2011), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Arabidopsis, Gene Dosage, Plant Science, 01 natural sciences, Chromosomal crossover, F30 - Génétique et amélioration des plantes, Solanum lycopersicum, Crossing Over, Genetic, Croisement, riz, Plant Proteins, 2. Zero hunger, Genetics, 0303 health sciences, education.field_of_study, biology, RecQ Helicases, Hybridation, food and beverages, sécurité alimentaire, Mutation (genetic algorithm), Microtubule-Associated Proteins, Crops, Agricultural, Population, Oryza, Chromosomes, Plant, 03 medical and health sciences, Meiosis, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, E50 - Sociologie rurale, Plant breeding, Variété, education, 030304 developmental biology, Hybrid, Oryza sativa, Arabidopsis Proteins, fungi, DNA Helicases, Peas, biology.organism_classification, 030104 developmental biology, Mutation, ATPases Associated with Diverse Cellular Activities, Homologous recombination, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: UMR BFP - Equipe GFDF; International audience; Improved plant varieties are important in our attempts to face the challenges of a growing human population and limited planet resources. Plant breeding relies on meiotic crossovers to combine favourable alleles into elite varieties1. However, meiotic crossovers are relatively rare, typically one to three per chromosome2, limiting the efficiency of the breeding process and related activities such as genetic mapping. Several genes that limit meiotic recombination were identified in the model species Arabidopsis thaliana2. Mutation of these genes in Arabidopsis induces a large increase in crossover frequency. However, it remained to be demonstrated whether crossovers could also be increased in crop species hybrids. We explored the effects of mutating the orthologues of FANCM3, RECQ44 or FIGL15 on recombination in three distant crop species, rice (Oryza sativa), pea (Pisum sativum) and tomato (Solanum lycopersicum). We found that the single recq4 mutation increases crossovers about three-fold in these crops, suggesting that manipulating RECQ4 may be a universal tool for increasing recombination in plants. Enhanced recombination could be used with other state-of-the-art technologies such as genomic selection, genome editing or speed breeding6 to enhance the pace and efficiency of plant improvement.
Published: 2018

24. Functional genomics and seed development in Medicago truncatula: An overview

Author: Christine Le Signor, Mélanie Noguero, Karine Gallardo, Richard D. Thompson, Vanessa Vernoud, Agroécologie [Dijon], and Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, Desiccation tolerance, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Longevity, Genome-wide association study, Network, Computational biology, Proteomics, 01 natural sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, Globulin, GWAS, Dormancy, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, Gene, Regulator gene, 2. Zero hunger, biology, food and beverages, biology.organism_classification, Medicago truncatula, SNP genotyping, 030104 developmental biology, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Flavonoid, Identification (biology), AFL, Functional genomics, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: International audience; The study of seed development in the model species Medicago truncatula has made a significant contribution to our understanding of this process in crop legumes. Thanks to the availability of comprehensive proteomics and transcriptomics databases, coupled with exhaustive mutant collections, the roles of several regulatory genes in development and maturation are beginning to be deciphered and functionally validated. Advances in next-generation sequencing and the availability of a genomic sequence have made feasible high-density SNP genotyping, allowing the identification of markers tightly linked to traits of agronomic interest. A further major advance is to be expected from the integration of omics resources in functional network construction, which has been used recently to identify "hub" genes central to important traits.
Published: 2018

25. Targeting Induced Local Lesions IN Genomes (TILLING) in Medicago truncatula

Author: Brigitte Darchy, Grégoire Aubert, Myriam Sanchez, Karine Gallardo, Richard D. Thompson, Christine Le Signor, Agroécologie [Dijon], and Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, TILLING, endocrine system, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Population, Mutagenesis (molecular biology technique), 01 natural sciences, Genome, 03 medical and health sciences, Medicago truncatula, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, education, Gene, Genetics, education.field_of_study, biology, Point mutation, fungi, food and beverages, biology.organism_classification, Reverse genetics, 030104 developmental biology, EMS chemical mutagenesis, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: International audience; TILLING is a reverse genetics strategy that combines the high density of point mutations provided by traditional chemical mutagenesis with rapid screening of DNA pools from a mutagenized population for induced mutations (McCallum et al., Nat Biotechnol 18: 455-457, 2000). This high-throughput technique allows the identification of point mutations in any gene of interest.
Published: 2018

26. Role of a receptor-like kinase K1 in pea Rhizobium symbiosis development

Author: Elena A. Dolgikh, Nikita V. Malkov, Yuri B. Porozov, Christine Saffray, Christine Le Signor, Igor A. Tikhonovich, Marion Dalmais, Anna N. Kirienko, Richard D. Thompson, Abdelhafid Bendahmane, Gulnara A Akhtemova, All-Russia Research Institute for Agricultural Microbiology, ITMO University [Russia], Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Agroécologie [Dijon], Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Institut des Sciences des Plantes de Paris-Saclay (IPS2 (UMR_9213 / UMR_1403)), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Russian Scientific Foundation (RSF) [16-16-10043], Government of Russian Federation [074-U01], Program Saclay Plant Sciences (SPS) [ANR-10-LABX-40], European Project: 341076,EC:FP7:ERC,ERC-2013-ADG,SEXYPARTH(2014), and Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement
Subjects: Nod factor perception, 0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, Receptor complex, LysM receptor-like kinases, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Mutant, Blotting, Western, Nicotiana benthamiana, Plant Science, 01 natural sciences, Rhizobia, Nod factor, 03 medical and health sciences, Symbiosis, Two-Hybrid System Techniques, Tobacco, Genetics, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, Receptor, Plant Proteins, Rhizobium leguminosarum, biology, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, Mutants, Pea, Peas, food and beverages, Legume-Rhizobium symbiosis, biology.organism_classification, Plants, Genetically Modified, Cell biology, Complementation, Plant Leaves, 030104 developmental biology, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Pisum sativum L, Heterologous expression, Genetic Engineering, Protein Kinases, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: International audience; Main conclusion The LysM receptor-like kinase K1 is involved in regulation of pea-rhizobial symbiosis development. The ability of the crop legume Pisum sativum L. to perceive the Nod factor rhizobial signals may depend on several receptors that differ in ligand structure specificity. Identification of pea mutants defective in two types of LysM receptor-like kinases (LysM-RLKs), SYM10 and SYM37, featuring different phenotypic manifestations and impaired at various stages of symbiosis development, corresponds well to this assumption. There is evidence that one of the receptor proteins involved in symbiosis initiation, SYM10, has an inactive kinase domain. This implies the presence of an additional component in the receptor complex, together with SYM10, that remains unknown. Here, we describe a new LysM-RLK, K1, which may serve as an additional component of the receptor complex in pea. To verify the function of K1 in symbiosis, several P. sativum non-nodulating mutants in the k1 gene were identified using the TILLING approach. Phenotyping revealed the blocking of symbiosis development at an appropriately early stage, strongly suggesting the importance of LysM-RLK K1 for symbiosis initiation. Moreover, the analysis of pea mutants with weaker phenotypes provides evidence for the additional role of K1 in infection thread distribution in the cortex and rhizobia penetration. The interaction between K1 and SYM10 was detected using transient leaf expression in Nicotiana benthamiana and in the yeast two-hybrid system. Since the possibility of SYM10/SYM37 complex formation was also shown, we tested whether the SYM37 and K1 receptors are functionally interchangeable using a complementation test. The interaction between K1 and other receptors is discussed.
Published: 2017

27. Genome-wide association studies with proteomics data reveal genes important for synthesis, transport and packaging of globulins in legume seeds

Author: Christine Le Signor, Julia Buitink, Valérie Labas, Jean Marie Prosperi, Delphine Aime, Jérôme Gouzy, Judith Burstin, Olivier Leprince, Karine Gallardo, Richard D. Thompson, Nevin D. Young, Amandine Bordat, Maya Belghazi, Agroécologie [Dijon], Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Biologie du fruit et pathologie (BFP), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2, Centre de recherche en neurobiologie - neurophysiologie de Marseille (CRN2M), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Physiologie de la reproduction et des comportements [Nouzilly] (PRC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Tours-Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation [Saumur]-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Laboratoire des interactions plantes micro-organismes (LIPM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Department of Plant Pathology, Cornell University, Amélioration génétique et adaptation des plantes méditerranéennes et tropicales (UMR AGAP), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences (IRHS), Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, French National Research Agency : ANR-06-GPLA-0008, ANR-09-GENM-026, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ), Biologie du fruit et pathologie ( BFP ), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1, Centre de recherche en neurobiologie - neurophysiologie de Marseille ( CRN2M ), Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Physiologie de la reproduction et des comportements [Nouzilly] ( PRC ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation [Saumur]-Université de Tours-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Interactions plantes-microorganismes et santé végétale, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université Nice Sophia Antipolis ( UNS ), Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Amélioration génétique et adaptation des plantes méditerranéennes et tropicales ( UMR AGAP ), Institut national de la recherche agronomique [Montpellier] ( INRA Montpellier ) -Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques ( Montpellier SupAgro ) -Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement ( CIRAD ) -Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier ( Montpellier SupAgro ), Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences ( IRHS ), Université d'Angers ( UA ) -Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation [Saumur] (IFCE)-Université de Tours (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Cornell University [New York], Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1, Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation [Saumur]-Université de Tours (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Angers (UA), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation [Saumur]-Université de Tours-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Proteomics, [SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, Candidate gene, [ SDV.BV ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, protein quantity loci (PQL), Globulin, Physiology, legumes, Plant Science, Chromatin remodeling, 03 medical and health sciences, Gene Expression Regulation, Plant, Botany, Medicago truncatula, genome-wide association studies (GWAS), vegetable, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional, Gene Regulatory Networks, Gene, Transcription factor, [ SDV.SA ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, Plant Proteins, 2. Zero hunger, Genetics, seed proteome, amélioration génétique, biology, Pisum sativum (pea), Seed Storage Proteins, Peas, food and beverages, légume, biology.organism_classification, Protein Transport, 030104 developmental biology, Vicilin, Mutation, Seeds, biology.protein, qualité des semences, semence, globulins, Genome-Wide Association Study, Transcription Factors
Abstract: AGAP : équipe GE2pop; Improving nutritional seed quality is an important challenge in grain legume breeding. However, the genes controlling the differential accumulation of globulins, which are major contributors to seed nutritional value in legumes, remain largely unknown. We combined a search for protein quantity loci with genome-wide association studies on the abundance of 7S and 11S globulins in seeds of the model legume species Medicago truncatula. Identified genomic regions and genes carrying polymorphisms linked to globulin variations were then cross-compared with pea (Pisum sativum), leading to the identification of candidate genes for the regulation of globulin abundance in this crop. Key candidates identified include genes involved in transcription, chromatin remodeling, post-translational modifications, transport and targeting of proteins to storage vacuoles. Inference of a gene coexpression network of 12 candidate transcription factors and globulin genes revealed the transcription factor ABA-insensitive 5 (ABI5) as a highly connected hub. Characterization of loss-of-function abi5 mutants in pea uncovered a role for ABI5 in controlling the relative abundance of vicilin, a sulfur-poor 7S globulin, in pea seeds. This demonstrates the feasibility of using genome-wide association studies in M. truncatula to reveal genes that can be modulated to improve seed nutritional value.
Published: 2017

28. The role of sulfur in the control of seed quality traits in legumes: from model to crop species

Author: Christine Le Signor, Charlotte Henriet, Julia Buitink, Young, Nevin D., Jean-Marie Prosperi, Vanessa Vernoud, Gregoire Aubert, Olivier Leprince, Richard Thompson, Judith Burstin, Karine Gallardo-Guerrero, ProdInra, Migration, Agroécologie [Dijon], Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences (IRHS), Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Department of plant pathology, University of Minnesota [Twin Cities] (UMN), University of Minnesota System-University of Minnesota System, Amélioration génétique et adaptation des plantes méditerranéennes et tropicales (UMR AGAP), and Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)
Subjects: [SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, [SDV.SA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences
Abstract: National audience; voir pdf
Published: 2017

29. D’un répertoire de gènes contrôlant la composition protéique des graines des légumineuses vers de nouveaux profils protéiques

Author: Christine Le Signor, Delphine Aime, Myriam Sanchez, Julia Buitink, Young, Nevin D., Jean-Marie Prosperi, Olivier Leprince, Charlotte Henriet, Gregoire Aubert, Vanessa Vernoud, Richard Thompson, Judith Burstin, Karine Gallardo, Agroécologie [Dijon], Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences (IRHS), Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Department of plant pathology, University of Minnesota [Twin Cities] (UMN), University of Minnesota System-University of Minnesota System, Amélioration génétique et adaptation des plantes méditerranéennes et tropicales (UMR AGAP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA). FRA.
Subjects: [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDE]Environmental Sciences, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: National audience
Published: 2017

30. Legume adaptation to sulfur deficiency revealed by comparing nutrient allocation and seed traits inMedicago truncatula

Author: Charlène Tadla, Jean-Christophe Avice, Eric Vieren, Valérie Labas, Hélène Zuber, Daniel Wipf, Karine Gallardo, Raphaël Lugan, Christophe Salon, Delphine Aime, Christine Le Signor, Germain Poignavent, Julia Buitink, Maya Belghazi, Anne-Lise Santoni, Agroécologie [Dijon], Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Institut de biologie moléculaire des plantes ( IBMP ), Université de Strasbourg ( UNISTRA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Centre de recherche en neurobiologie - neurophysiologie de Marseille ( CRN2M ), Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Physiologie de la reproduction et des comportements [Nouzilly] ( PRC ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation [Saumur]-Université de Tours-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Plate-forme d'Analyse Intégrative des Biomarqueurs, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ), Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences ( IRHS ), Université d'Angers ( UA ) -Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Ecophysiologie Végétale, Agronomie et Nutritions ( EVA ), Université de Caen Normandie ( UNICAEN ), Normandie Université ( NU ) -Normandie Université ( NU ) -Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ), Regional Council of Burgundy 2009-9201AAO040S00680, SERAPIS project (Fonds Unique Interministeriel) F1209006E, Genoplante QualityLegSeed project GPLA06036G, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Institut de biologie moléculaire des plantes (IBMP), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de recherche en neurobiologie - neurophysiologie de Marseille (CRN2M), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Physiologie de la reproduction et des comportements [Nouzilly] (PRC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Tours-Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation [Saumur]-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences (IRHS), Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Ecophysiologie Végétale, Agronomie et Nutritions (EVA), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation [Saumur]-Université de Tours-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation [Saumur]-Université de Tours (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation [Saumur] (IFCE)-Université de Tours (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Chlorophyll, 0106 biological sciences, [ SDV.BV ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, nutrient allocation, Oligosaccharides, Plant Science, 01 natural sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Nutrient, Biomass, Legume, 2. Zero hunger, 0303 health sciences, biology, Sulfates, food and beverages, legume, Adaptation, Physiological, Medicago truncatula, Sulfate transport, medicado truncatula, sulfate transport, Phenotype, Organ Specificity, Germination, Seeds, Carbohydrate Metabolism, Oxidation-Reduction, [SDV.OT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Other [q-bio.OT], Nitrogen, chemistry.chemical_element, [SDV.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology, Models, Biological, sulfur deficiency, 03 medical and health sciences, Raffinose, seed composition, Genetics, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, RNA, Messenger, [ SDV.OT ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Other [q-bio.OT], Sulfur dioxide, 030304 developmental biology, [SDV.BBM.BM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Molecular biology, Biological Transport, Cell Biology, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, Sulfur, Carbon, Plant Leaves, germination, chemistry, Agronomy, Imbibition, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: Reductions in sulfur dioxide emissions and the use of sulfur-free mineral fertilizers are decreasing soil sulfur levels and threaten the adequate fertilization of most crops. To provide knowledge regarding legume adaptation to sulfur restriction, we subjected Medicago truncatula, a model legume species, to sulfur deficiency at various developmental stages, and compared the yield, nutrient allocation and seed traits. This comparative analysis revealed that sulfur deficiency at the mid-vegetative stage decreased yield and altered the allocation of nitrogen and carbon to seeds, leading to reduced levels of major oligosaccharides in mature seeds, whose germination was dramatically affected. In contrast, during the reproductive period, sulfur deficiency had little influence on yield and nutrient allocation, but the seeds germinated slowly and were characterized by low levels of a biotinylated protein, a putative indicator of germination vigor that has not been previously related to sulfur nutrition. Significantly, plants deprived of sulfur at an intermediary stage (flowering) adapted well by remobilizing nutrients from source organs to seeds, ensuring adequate quantities of carbon and nitrogen in seeds. This efficient remobilization of photosynthates may be explained by vacuolar sulfate efflux to maintain leaf metabolism throughout reproductive growth, as suggested by transcript and metabolite profiling. The seeds from these plants, deprived of sulfur at the floral transition, contained normal levels of major oligosaccharides but their germination was delayed, consistent with low levels of sucrose and the glycolytic enzymes required to restart seed metabolism during imbibition. Overall, our findings provide an integrative view of the legume response to sulfur deficiency.
Published: 2013

31. A protein quantity loci approach combined with a genome-wide association study revealed regulators of protein accumulation in legume seeds

Author: Christine Le Signor, Delphine Aime, Young, N. D., Jean-Marie Prosperi, Richard Thompson, Julia Buitink, Judith Burstin, Karine Gallardo-Guerrero, Agroécologie [Dijon], Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Department of Plant Biology, The Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, Amélioration génétique et adaptation des plantes méditerranéennes et tropicales (UMR AGAP), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences (IRHS), AGROCAMPUS OUEST-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Angers (UA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ), Amélioration génétique et adaptation des plantes méditerranéennes et tropicales ( UMR AGAP ), Institut national de la recherche agronomique [Montpellier] ( INRA Montpellier ) -Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques ( Montpellier SupAgro ) -Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement ( CIRAD ) -Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier ( Montpellier SupAgro ), Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences ( IRHS ), Université d'Angers ( UA ) -Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University = Kongelige Veterinær- og Landbohøjskole (KVL ), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, and Legume Society.
Subjects: [ SDV ] Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], food and beverages
Abstract: BAPGEAPSI; The seeds of grain legumes provide proteins (20-40% protein content depending on species) for human nutrition and animal feed. The nutritional and technological quality of legume seeds is mainly determined by the composition and functional properties of the seed protein fractions. By accounting for up to 70% of total proteins in mature seeds, the globulins are major determinants of seed quality. In pea, which is one of the grain legumes most cultivated in Europe, the variability in the abundance of globulin polypeptides across lines is significant, which might enable a wide range of food application. To provide knowledge about the molecular determinants underlying differences in seed protein composition, we have used the model legume species M. truncatula for which extensive genetics and genomics resources were available (Young and Bharti, 2012), along with comprehensive transcriptomics data related to seed development (Benedito et al., 2008; Thompson et al., 2009). A PQL approach identified the genomic regions controlling variations in seed protein composition, and a translational approach exploiting the resources developed for M. truncatula and pea provided a set of candidate genes underlying PQLs conserved between the two species. The candidate gene selection was then refined by genome-wide association studies (GWAS), which enabled the identification of nucleotide variations associated with variations in globulin synthesis and/or maturation.
Published: 2016

32. ABI5 Is a Regulator of Seed Maturation and Longevity in Legumes

Author: Cécile Dubois-Laurent, David Lalanne, Olivier Leprince, Katharina Gutbrod, Julia Zinsmeister, Emilie Chatelain, Peter Dörmann, Céline Vandecasteele, Abdelhafid Bendahmane, Julia Buitink, Emmanuel Terrasson, Christine Le Signor, Marion Dalmais, Emmanuel Geoffriau, Karine Gallardo, Benoit Ly Vu, Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences (IRHS), Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Illumina, Génétique Physiologie et Systèmes d'Elevage (GenPhySE ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse [ENSAT], Agroécologie [Dijon], Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Mol Physiol & Biotechnol Plants, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, ANR-11-IDEX-0003-02, Université d'Angers (UA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse [ENSAT]-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, AGROCAMPUS OUEST-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Angers (UA), Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences ( IRHS ), Université d'Angers ( UA ) -Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -AGROCAMPUS OUEST, GenPhySE - UMR 1388 ( Génétique Physiologie et Systèmes d'Elevage ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse [ENSAT]-ENVT, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ), Université Paris Diderot (Paris 7), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), and University of Bonn (Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms)
Subjects: Chlorophyll, 0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, medicago-truncatula seed, drought stress tolerance, heat-stable proteome, arabidopsis-thaliana, desiccation tolerance, transciption factor, late embryogenesis, green-seed, gene expression, media_common.quotation_subject, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Mutant, Plant Science, Biology, 01 natural sciences, Pisum, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Gene Expression Regulation, Plant, Medicago truncatula, Botany, Arabidopsis thaliana, Abscisic acid, Research Articles, Plant Proteins, media_common, 2. Zero hunger, Regulation of gene expression, [ SDV ] Life Sciences [q-bio], Peas, Longevity, food and beverages, Cell Biology, biology.organism_classification, Carotenoids, 030104 developmental biology, chemistry, Seeds, Dormancy, Transcription Factors, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: The preservation of our genetic resources and production of high-quality seeds depends on their ability to remain viable and vigorous during storage. In a quantitative trait locus analysis on seed longevity in Medicago truncatula, we identified the bZIP transcription factor ABSCISIC ACID INSENSITIVE5 (ABI5). Characterization of Mt-abi5 insertion mutant seeds revealed that both the acquisition of longevity and dormancy were severely impaired. Using transcriptomes of developing Mt-abi5 seeds, we created a gene coexpression network and revealed ABI5 as a regulator of gene modules with functions related to raffinose family oligosaccharide (RFO) metabolism, late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) proteins, and photosynthesis-associated nuclear genes (PhANGs). Lower RFO contents in Mt-abi5 seeds were linked to the regulation of SEED IMBIBITION PROTEIN1. Proteomic analysis confirmed that a set of LEA polypeptides was reduced in mature Mt-abi5 seeds, whereas the absence of repression of PhANG in mature Mt-abi5 seeds was accompanied by chlorophyll and carotenoid retention. This resulted in a stress response in Mt-abi5 seeds, evident from an increase in alpha-tocopherol and upregulation of genes related to programmed cell death and protein folding. Characterization of abi5 mutants in a second legume species, pea (Pisum sativum), confirmed a role for ABI5 in the regulation of longevity, seed degreening, and RFO accumulation, identifying ABI5 as a prominent regulator of late seed maturation in legumes.
Published: 2016

33. The Pea TCP Transcription Factor PsBRC1 Acts Downstream of Strigolactones to Control Shoot Branching

Author: Alessandra Maia-Grondard, Abdelhafid Bendahmane, Alexandre de Saint Germain, Jean-Paul Pillot, Ioanna Antoniadi, Da Luo, Xin Li, Colin G. N. Turnbull, Stéphanie Boutet-Mercey, Christine Le Signor, Nils Braun, Marion Dalmais, Catherine Rameau, and Nathalie Bouteiller
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Cytokinins, Physiology, Apical dominance, Mutant, Plant Science, CIRCADIAN CLOCK, 01 natural sciences, AXILLARY BUD OUTGROWTH, Isopentenyladenosine, Lactones, chemistry.chemical_compound, Plant Growth Regulators, Gene Expression Regulation, Plant, Transcription (biology), Arabidopsis, MUTATIONAL ANALYSIS, Plant Proteins, RMS1 MUTANT, Regulation of gene expression, 0303 health sciences, biology, food and beverages, Up-Regulation, Cell biology, MAIZE DOMESTICATION, Biochemistry, Cytokinin, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, APICAL DOMINANCE, Plant Shoots, Signal Transduction, Molecular Sequence Data, Plant Biology & Botany, Strigolactone, 03 medical and health sciences, Xylem, Axillary bud, Genetics, FUNCTIONAL GENOMICS, 030304 developmental biology, Science & Technology, Arabidopsis Proteins, Plant Sciences, Peas, Kinetin, 06 Biological Sciences, biology.organism_classification, chemistry, Mutation, ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA, 07 Agricultural And Veterinary Sciences, AUXIN TRANSPORT, CYTOKININ CONCENTRATION, Transcription Factors, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: The function of PsBRC1, the pea (Pisum sativum) homolog of the maize (Zea mays) TEOSINTE BRANCHED1 and the Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) BRANCHED1 (AtBRC1) genes, was investigated. The pea Psbrc1 mutant displays an increased shoot-branching phenotype, is able to synthesize strigolactone (SL), and does not respond to SL application. The level of pleiotropy of the SL-deficient ramosus1 (rms1) mutant is higher than in the Psbrc1 mutant, rms1 exhibiting a relatively dwarf phenotype and more extensive branching at upper nodes. The PsBRC1 gene is mostly expressed in the axillary bud and is transcriptionally up-regulated by direct application of the synthetic SL GR24 and down-regulated by the cytokinin (CK) 6-benzylaminopurine. The results suggest that PsBRC1 may have a role in integrating SL and CK signals and that SLs act directly within the bud to regulate its outgrowth. However, the Psbrc1 mutant responds to 6-benzylaminopurine application and decapitation by increasing axillary bud length, implicating a PsBRC1-independent component of the CK response in sustained bud growth. In contrast to other SL-related mutants, the Psbrc1 mutation does not cause a decrease in the CK zeatin riboside in the xylem sap or a strong increase in RMS1 transcript levels, suggesting that the RMS2-dependent feedback is not activated in this mutant. Surprisingly, the double rms1 Psbrc1 mutant displays a strong increase in numbers of branches at cotyledonary nodes, whereas branching at upper nodes is not significantly higher than the branching in rms1. This phenotype indicates a localized regulation of branching at these nodes specific to pea.
Published: 2011

34. MtCRE1-dependent cytokinin signaling integrates bacterial and plant cues to coordinate symbiotic nodule organogenesis in Medicago truncatula

Author: Martin Crespi, Ulrike Mathesius, David Baker, Anton Wasson, Julie Plet, Federico Ariel, Christine Le Signor, and Florian Frugier
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Auxin efflux, Root nodule, Organogenesis, Plant Science, 01 natural sciences, Nod factor, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Auxin, Botany, Genetics, 030304 developmental biology, chemistry.chemical_classification, 0303 health sciences, biology, fungi, food and beverages, Cell Biology, biology.organism_classification, Medicago truncatula, Cell biology, chemistry, Cytokinin, Polar auxin transport, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: Phytohormonal interactions are essential to regulate plant organogenesis. In response to the presence of signals from symbiotic bacteria, the Nod factors, legume roots generate a new organ: the nitrogen-fixing nodule. Analysis of mutants in the Medicago truncatula CRE1 cytokinin receptor and of the MtRR4 cytokinin primary response gene expression pattern revealed that cytokinin acts in initial cortical cell divisions and later in the transition between meristematic and differentiation zones of the mature nodule. MtCRE1 signaling is required for activation of the downstream nodulation-related transcription factors MtERN1, MtNSP2 and MtNIN, as well as to regulate expression and accumulation of PIN auxin efflux carriers. Whereas the MtCRE1 pathway is required to allow the inhibition of polar auxin transport in response to rhizobia, nodulation is still negatively regulated by the MtEIN2/SICKLE-dependent ethylene pathway in cre1 mutants. Hence, MtCRE1 signaling acts as a regulatory knob, integrating positive plant and bacterial cues to control legume nodule organogenesis.
Published: 2011

35. A Medicago truncatula mutant hyper-responsive to mycorrhiza and defective for nodulation

Author: Christine Le Signor, Gérard Duc, Vivienne Gianinazzi-Pearson, Dominique Morandi, Plante - microbe - environnement : biochimie, biologie cellulaire et écologie (PMEBBCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD), UMR 0102 - Unité de Recherche Génétique et Ecophysiologie des Légumineuses, Génétique et Ecophysiologie des Légumineuses à Graines (UMRLEG) (UMR 102), and Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, GLOMUS INTRARADICES, Mutant, Plant Science, Root system, Coumestrol, Plant Root Nodulation, Plant Roots, 01 natural sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Symbiosis, Mycorrhizae, Botany, NOD−/+ MUTANT, Genetics, Biomass, MYC++, COUMESTROL, Mycorrhiza, Glomeromycota, Molecular Biology, [SDV.MP.MYC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Mycology, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, biology, fungi, food and beverages, General Medicine, biology.organism_classification, Medicago truncatula, chemistry, Mutation, Shoot, MEDICAGO TRUNCATULA, Plant Shoots, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: International audience; One key strategy for the identification of plant genes required for mycorrhizal development is the use of plant mutants affected in mycorrhizal colonisation. In this paper, we report a new Medicago truncatula mutant defective for nodulation but hypermycorrhizal for symbiosis development and response. This mutant, called B9, presents a poor shoot and, especially, root development with short laterals. Inoculation with Glomus intraradices results in significantly higher root colonisation of the mutant than the wild-type genotype A17 (+20% for total root length, +16% for arbuscule frequency in the colonised part of the root, +39% for arbuscule frequency in the total root system). Mycorrhizal effects on shoot and root biomass of B9 plants are about twofold greater than in the wild-type genotype. The B9 mutant of M. truncatula is characterised by considerably higher root concentrations of the phytoestrogen coumestrol and by the novel synthesis of the coumestrol conjugate malonyl glycoside, absent from roots of wild-type plants. In conclusion, this is the first time that a hypermycorrhizal plant mutant affected negatively for nodulation (Myc++, Nod −/+ phenotype) is reported. This mutant represents a new tool for the study of plant genes differentially regulating mycorrhiza and nodulation symbioses, in particular, those related to autoregulation mechanisms.
Published: 2009

36. Correction: Eliminating Anti-Nutritional Plant Food Proteins: The Case of Seed Protease Inhibitors in Pea

Author: Abdelhafid Bendahmane, Tracey Rayner, Maria del Carmen Arques, Catherine Chinoy, Raquel Olías, David M. Lawson, Christine Le Signor, Marion Dalmais, Alfonso Clemente, Peter Isaac, and Claire Domoney
Subjects: medicine.medical_treatment, lcsh:Medicine, Biology, Plant foods, Bioinformatics, medicine, Animals, Chymotrypsin, Humans, Protease Inhibitors, Trypsin, Food science, Amino Acid Sequence, lcsh:Science, Plant Proteins, Multidisciplinary, Protease, lcsh:R, Peas, Correction, Diet, Mutation, Seeds, lcsh:Q, Anti nutritional, Trypsin Inhibitors
Abstract: Several classes of seed proteins limit the utilisation of plant proteins in human and farm animal diets, while plant foods have much to offer to the sustainable intensification of food/feed production and to human health. Reduction or removal of these proteins could greatly enhance seed protein quality and various strategies have been used to try to achieve this with limited success. We investigated whether seed protease inhibitor mutations could be exploited to enhance seed quality, availing of induced mutant and natural Pisum germplasm collections to identify mutants, whilst acquiring an understanding of the impact of mutations on activity. A mutant (TILLING) resource developed in Pisum sativum L. (pea) and a large germplasm collection representing Pisum diversity were investigated as sources of mutations that reduce or abolish the activity of the major protease inhibitor (Bowman-Birk) class of seed protein. Of three missense mutations, predicted to affect activity of the mature trypsin / chymotrypsin inhibitor TI1 protein, a C77Y substitution in the mature mutant inhibitor abolished inhibitor activity, consistent with an absolute requirement for the disulphide bond C77-C92 for function in the native inhibitor. Two further classes of mutation (S85F, E109K) resulted in less dramatic changes to isoform or overall inhibitory activity. The alternative strategy to reduce anti-nutrients, by targeted screening of Pisum germplasm, successfully identified a single accession (Pisum elatius) as a double null mutant for the two closely linked genes encoding the TI1 and TI2 seed protease inhibitors. The P. elatius mutant has extremely low seed protease inhibitory activity and introgression of the mutation into cultivated germplasm has been achieved. The study provides new insights into structure-function relationships for protease inhibitors which impact on pea seed quality. The induced and natural germplasm variants identified provide immediate potential for either halving or abolishing the corresponding inhibitory activity, along with associated molecular markers for breeding programmes. The potential for making large changes to plant protein profiles for improved and sustainable food production through diversity is illustrated. The strategy employed here to reduce anti-nutritional proteins in seeds may be extended to allergens and other seed proteins with negative nutritional effects. Additionally, the novel variants described for pea will assist future studies of the biological role and health-related properties of so-called anti-nutrients.
Published: 2015

37. Regulation of legume seed size by an endosperm-expressed transcription factor

Author: Mélanie Noguero, Christine Le Signor, Vanessa Vernoud, Gregoire Aubert, Myriam Sanchez, Karine Gallardo-Guerrero, Jérôme Verdier, Richard Thompson, Agroécologie [Dijon], Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Plant Biology Division, The Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, Shanghai Centerfor Plant Stress Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), and ProdInra, Migration
Subjects: [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDE] Environmental Sciences, endosperm, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], fungi, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, food and beverages, embryo, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, [SDV.BV] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, auxin, medicago, seed
Abstract: BAP Pôle GEAPSI; International audience; There are numerous reports of transcription factors (TFs) which are implicated in the control of seed size and seed composition. We have identified, using a platform of TF sequences derived from the Medicago truncatula genome sequence, a class of TFs specifically expressed during the seed filling stage. One such TF, DASH, was shown to be confined to the developing endosperm. We investigated the role played by DASH through analysis of mutant alleles. These give rise to seed-lethal or near-lethal phenotypes, with degeneration of the endosperm and arrested embryo development. The relation of this phenotype to seed auxin action was investigated.
Published: 2015

38. Eliminating anti-nutritional plant food proteins: the case of seed protease inhibitors in pea

Author: Peter Isaac, Catherine Chinoy, Alfonso Clemente, Christine Le Signor, Raquel Olías, Marion Dalmais, Tracey Rayner, Maria del Carmen Arques, Claire Domoney, David M. Lawson, Abdelhafid Bendahmane, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry of Animal Nutrition, Estacion Experimental del Zaidin, Institut des Sciences des Plantes de Paris-Saclay (IPS2 (UMR_9213 / UMR_1403)), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité de recherche en génomique végétale (URGV), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Agroécologie [Dijon], Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Department of Metabolic Biology, John Innes Centre [Norwich], Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC)-Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC), IDna Genetics Ltd, Partenaires INRAE, Department of Biological Chemistry, Weizmann Institute of Science [Rehovot, Israël], European Regional Development Fund/The Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness [AGL2011-26353], EU COST Action FA1005 INFOGEST on Food Digestion, Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council [BB/J004561/1], Department for Environment and Rural Affairs [AR0711, IF0147], Saclay Plant Sciences [ANR-10-LABX-40], Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique PeaMUST [ANR-11-BTBR-0002], Dna Genetics Ltd, and Domoney, Claire
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, TILLING, Germplasm, medicine.medical_treatment, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Mutant, lcsh:Medicine, medicine.disease_cause, 01 natural sciences, Pisum, 03 medical and health sciences, medicine, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, lcsh:Science, 030304 developmental biology, 2. Zero hunger, 0303 health sciences, Mutation, Multidisciplinary, Protease, biology, lcsh:R, food and beverages, biology.organism_classification, Protease inhibitor (biology), Biochemistry, Plant protein, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, lcsh:Q, Research Article, 010606 plant biology & botany, medicine.drug
Abstract: International audience; Several classes of seed proteins limit the utilisation of plant proteins in human and farm animal diets, while plant foods have much to offer to the sustainable intensification of food/feed production and to human health. Reduction or removal of these proteins could greatly enhance seed protein quality and various strategies have been used to try to achieve this with limited success. We investigated whether seed protease inhibitor mutations could be exploited to enhance seed quality, availing of induced mutant and natural Pisum germplasm collections to identify mutants, whilst acquiring an understanding of the impact of mutations on activity. A mutant (TILLING) resource developed in Pisum sativum L. (pea) and a large germplasm collection representing Pisum diversity were investigated as sources of mutations that reduce or abolish the activity of the major protease inhibitor (Bowman-Birk) class of seed protein. Of three missense mutations, predicted to affect activity of the mature trypsin / chymotrypsin inhibitor TI1 protein, a C77Y substitution in the mature mutant inhibitor abolished inhibitor activity, consistent with an absolute requirement for the disulphide bond C77-C92 for function in the native inhibitor. Two further classes of mutation (S85F, E109K) resulted in less dramatic changes to isoform or overall inhibitory activity. The alternative strategy to reduce anti-nutrients, by targeted screening of Pisum germplasm, successfully identified a single accession (Pisum elatius) as a double null mutant for the two closely linked genes encoding the TI1 and TI2 seed protease inhibitors. The P. elatius mutant has extremely low seed protease inhibitory activity and introgression of the mutation into cultivated germplasm has been achieved. The study provides new insights into structure-function relationships for protease inhibitors which impact on pea seed quality. The induced and natural germplasm variants identified provide immediate potential for either halving or abolishing the corresponding inhibitory activity, along with associated molecular markers for breeding programmes. The potential for making large changes to plant protein profiles for improved and sustainable food production through diversity is illustrated. The strategy employed here to reduce anti-nutritional proteins in seeds may be extended to allergens and other seed proteins with negative nutritional effects. Additionally, the novel variants described for pea will assist future studies of the biological role and health-related properties of so-called anti-nutrients.
Published: 2015

39. [Untitled]

Author: Guy Fouilloux, Christine Le Signor, Isabelle Lejeune-Hénaut, and Virginie Bourion
Subjects: food and beverages, Plant Science, Horticulture, Biology, Genetic determinism, Diallel cross, Productivity (ecology), Principal component analysis, Botany, Genetics, Selection criterion, Agronomy and Crop Science, Selection (genetic algorithm), Main stem
Abstract: In this study we investigated the genetic determinism of criteria suitable for breeding for seed yield and yield stability in dry pea (Pisum sativumL.) using a diallel cross involving eight genotypes. Seven criteria related to plant and seed development were evaluated including: onset of flowering, node of first flower, leaf appearance rate, rate of progression of flowering, number of podded nodes on the main stem, mean dry seed weight per podded node and number of basal branches per plant. Most of these traits measured are related to timing of seed set and are thought to be critical in determining yield stability. We combined different diallel analyses (Hayman,1954; Griffing, 1956) with a Principal Component Analysis, to divide the parental lines into groups sharing similar genetic control for the traits studied. We found that the two main groups, defined according to their genetic control of node of first flower, also differed for all the others characters and, in particular, did not reach the same levels of productivity. These results indicated that crosses within the group with the highest productivity, but between lines with differing development and architectural features, could be a good starting point for breeding high-yield pure lines.
Published: 2002

40. Sulfate transporters in the plant’s response to drought and salinity: regulation and possible functions

Author: Daniel Wipf, Christine Le Signor, Vanessa Vernoud, Pierre-Emmanuel Courty, Karine Gallardo, Agroécologie [Dijon], Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, University of Basel (Unibas), European Community's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7) FP7-613551, and Swiss National Science Foundation through an AMBIZIONE fellowship PZ00P3_136651
Subjects: [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Arabidopsis, Plant Science, transporters, sulfate, lcsh:Plant culture, SULFUR STARVATION, VESICULAR-ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAE, chemistry.chemical_compound, Mini Review Article, Botany, Arabidopsis thaliana, LOTUS-JAPONICUS, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, lcsh:SB1-1110, Sulfate, ROOT-NODULES, GENE-EXPRESSION, 2. Zero hunger, Abiotic component, biology, IDENTIFICATION, Ecology, fungi, abiotic stresses, M. truncatula, ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA, MEDICAGO-TRUNCATULA, SALT STRESS, MAIZE ROOTS, food and beverages, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, Sulfate transport, Medicago truncatula, Salinity, chemistry, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Adaptation
Abstract: International audience; Drought and salinity are two frequently combined abiotic stresses that affect plant growth, development, and crop productivity. Sulfate, and molecules derived from this anion such as glutathione, play important roles in the intrinsic responses of plants to such abiotic stresses. Therefore, understanding how plants facing environmental constraints re-equilibrate the flux of sulfate between and within different tissues might uncover perspectives for improving tolerance against abiotic stresses. In this review, we took advantage of genomics and post-genomics resources available in Arabidopsis thaliana and in the model legume species Medicago truncatula to highlight and compare the regulation of sulfate transporter genes under drought and salt stress. We also discuss their possible function in the plant's response and adaptation to abiotic stresses and present prospects about the potential benefits of mycorrhizal associations, which by facilitating sulfate uptake may assist plants to cope with abiotic stresses. Several transporters are highlighted in this review that appear promising targets for improving sulfate transport capacities of crops under fluctuating environmental conditions.
Published: 2014

41. Biologie intégrative du développement de la graine chez M. truncatula

Author: Karine Gallardo, Christine Le Signor, Vanessa Vernoud, Erfurth, Isabelle D., Mélanie Noguero, Germain Poignavent, Helene Zuber, Julia Buitink, Christophe Salon, Judith Burstin, Richard Thompson, Agroécologie [Dijon], Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences (IRHS), Université d'Angers (UA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences, Institut National de Recherche Agronomique, and Université d'Angers (UA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)
Subjects: [SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, éficience en soufre, qtl, pql, gène codant, medicago truncatula, Agricultural sciences, tilling, fixation de l'azote, Protein Quantity Loci, mutant, [ SDV.SA ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, Sciences agricoles
Abstract: Communication orale invitée, résumé BAP GEAPSI; La capacité des légumineuses à fixer l'azote atmosphérique et à accumuler de fortes teneurs en protéines dans la graine fait de cette plante une composante essentielle des services écosystémiques. Malheureusement, la plupart des légumineuses produisent des graines pauvres en acides aminés soufrés et ont des rendements instables, particulièrement sous contraintes biotiques et abiotiques (ex. stress hydrique, stress nutritionnel y compris soufré). L'amélioration génétique des légumineuses représente un enjeu majeur pour le développement plus large de cette culture. Cet enjeu nécessite de connaître les gènes contrôlant le développement de la graine sur la plante mère et d'étudier leur régulation sous contraintes environnementales. Nous présenterons ici les gènes que nous avons identifiés dans ce contexte en utilisant M. truncatula comme modèle. En couplant des approches QTL et PQL (Protein Quantity Loci), nous avons révélé les régions génomiques contrôlant le rendement, le poids et la composition protéique de la graine. L'intégration de ces données génétiques avec des données transcriptomiques (1) et protéomiques (2, 3) de la graine immature nous a permis de sélectionner des gènes candidats expressionnels sous-jacents aux QTL/PQL, dont certains codent des facteurs de transcription, des transporteurs de sulfate (4, 5) et des protéases susceptibles de contrôler le poids ou la composition protéique de la graine. Une démarche de génétique d'association est en cours pour préciser les régions génomiques impliquées et le lien entre les gènes candidats sélectionnés et les caractéristiques de la graine. L'implication de deux gènes, codant une subtilase (6) et un facteur de transcription DOF, dans le contrôle du poids de la graine a été validée en utilisant des mutants TILLING chez M. truncatula et/ou le pois. Enfin, nous présenterons l'impact d'une déficience en soufre sur la composition des graines et les réponses adaptatives révélées via l'intégration de données ciblées sur la graine avec des données écophysiologiques au niveau plante entière. (1) Benedito et al. 2008. Plant J. 55: 504-13. (2) Thompson et al. 2009. Plant Physiol. 151: 1023-9. (3) Repetto et al. 2012. Front Plant Sci. 3: 289. (4) Zuber et al. 2010 Plant Physiol. 154: 913-26. (5) Zuber et al. 2010 BMC Plant Biol. 28; 10:78. (6) D'Erfurth et al. 2012. New Phytol. 196: 738-51.
Published: 2013

42. Use of translational genomics to identify genes important for legume seed filling

Author: Mélanie Noguero, Erfurth, Isabelle D., Christine Le Signor, Vanessa Vernoud, Jérôme Verdier, Gregoire Aubert, Julia Buitink, Jerome Gouzy, Jean-Marie Prosperi, Thierry Huguet, Judith Burstin, Karine Gallardo, Richard Thompson, Agroécologie [Dijon], Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Plant Biology Division, The Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences (IRHS), Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Unité mixte de recherche interactions plantes-microorganismes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Amélioration génétique et adaptation des plantes méditerranéennes et tropicales (UMR AGAP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse [ENSAT], and ProdInra, Migration
Subjects: translational genomics, [SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, [SDV.SA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, fungi, legume seed filling, food and beverages, medicago truncatula, [SDV.IDA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineering, model species, [SDV.AEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, [SDV.BDD] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Development Biology, [SDV.IDA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineering, sequencing genome, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, [SDV.BV] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, [SDV.BDD]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Development Biology, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition
Abstract: International audience; Translational genomics, i.e., the transfer of genetic information from model species to cultivated crops, is on the brink of revolutionizing plant breeding. The recent publication of genomic sequences for several cultivated legumes is also accelerating this process. For pea, recent highthroughput RNA sequencing, and the prospect of a genome sequencing project, will further accelerate the transfer of information from the Medicago truncatula model to the cultivated crop. We have been using genomics approaches with Medicago as a tool to identify key genes determining seed yield and composition in closely related legumes. Analyses of the proteome and transcriptome of the component tissues of the developing seed revealed extensive compartmentalization of gene expression and metabolic activities. Using a TF (Transcription Factor) qRT-PCR platform and the Affymetrix Gene Chip, TFs specific for each seed tissue were identified, along with putative target genes. These TFs have been located on the M. truncatula genetic map and correlations between map positions of TF loci and QTLs for protein quantities and other seed phenotypes were detected. These correlations can be recently confirmed in numerous cases by the existence of similar QTLs at syntenic positions in pea. Two genes, both specifically expressed in the developing endosperm, have received particular attention. One of the genes encodes a DOF class transcription factor, whose mutant phenotype severely affects endosperm development. The second gene encodes an endosperm-specific subtilase (SBT1.1), which affects final seed weight. MiRNAs constitute another level of gene regulation whose importance in the developing seed is beginning to become apparent. We have recently started to compare the sRNA profiles of developing M. truncatula and pea seeds and preliminary results will be presented.
Published: 2013

43. Legume Seed Genomics: How to Respond to the Challenges and Potential of a Key Plant Family?

Author: Mélanie Noguero, Jerome Verdier, Christine Le Signor, Judith Burstin, Karine Gallardo, Richard D. Thompson, Agroécologie [Dijon], Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, UMR 0102 - Unité de Recherche Génétique et Ecophysiologie des Légumineuses, Génétique et Ecophysiologie des Légumineuses à Graines (UMRLEG) (UMR 102), Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, and The Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, legume seed genomics, challenges, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Genomics, legume seeds, and the human diet, Biology, 01 natural sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, Botany, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, 3D for metabolites, in legume seed, Legume, genome sequences and phylogeny, 030304 developmental biology, proteomics and transcriptomics data, 0303 health sciences, business.industry, legume seed sRNA databases, Biotechnology, networks of interaction in seed biology, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Key (cryptography), seed models, and physiologic/metabolic, legume seed/antinutritional components, business, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: Chapter 10; International audience
Published: 2013

44. Biosynthesis of the halogenated auxin, 4-chloroindole-3-acetic acid

Author: Richard D. Thompson, Laura J. Quittenden, Sandra E. Davidson, Jason A. Smith, James B. Reid, Raj K. Bala, Lily Sutton, Noel W. Davies, Christine Le Signor, Nathan D. Tivendale, Marion Dalmais, James Horne, John Ross, Abdelhafid Bendahmane, School of Plant Science, University of Tasmania [Hobart, Australia] (UTAS), School of Chemistry (ACROSS), Unité de recherche en génomique végétale (URGV), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Agroécologie [Dijon], and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Physiology, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], 4-Chloroindole-3-acetic acid, Plant Science, maize, 01 natural sciences, Pisum, 03 medical and health sciences, Acetic acid, chemistry.chemical_compound, Biosynthesis, Auxin, Genetics, tryptophan, 030304 developmental biology, 2. Zero hunger, chemistry.chemical_classification, 0303 health sciences, biology, Tryptophan, food and beverages, biology.organism_classification, arabidopsis, pea fruit, chemistry, Biochemistry, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Plant hormone, plant development, Indole-3-acetic acid, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: L'article original est publié par The American Society of Plant Biologists; International audience; Seeds of several agriculturally important legumes are rich sources of the only halogenated plant hormone, 4-chloroindole-3-acetic acid. However, the biosynthesis of this auxin is poorly understood. Here, we show that in pea (Pisum sativum) seeds, 4-chloroindole-3-acetic acid is synthesized via the novel intermediate 4-chloroindole-3-pyruvic acid, which is produced from 4-chlorotryptophan by two aminotransferases, TRYPTOPHAN AMINOTRANSFERASE RELATED1 and TRYPTOPHAN AMINOTRANSFERASE RELATED2. We characterize a tar2 mutant, obtained by Targeting Induced Local Lesions in Genomes, the seeds of which contain dramatically reduced 4-chloroindole-3-acetic acid levels as they mature. We also show that the widespread auxin, indole-3-acetic acid, is synthesized by a parallel pathway in pea.
Published: 2012

45. Metabolic Specialization of Maternal and Filial Tissues

Author: Christine Le Signor, Hélène Zuber, Karine Gallardo, Richard D. Thompson, and Mélanie Noguero
Subjects: Transcriptome, Storage organ, Medicago, biology, Germination, Seedling, Systems biology, Arabidopsis, Botany, food and beverages, biology.organism_classification, Endosperm
Abstract: The seed consists of three principal components of maternal (seed coats) or zygotic (embryo and endosperm) origin with distinct functions, but that interplay throughout their development to ensure the accumulation of storage compounds for successful germination and early seedling growth. The reserves stored in mature seeds represent major human and livestock food sources. Therefore, much research and breeding efforts are concentrated on optimizing seed quality and yield. The principal filial storage organ differs between species. For example, it is the endosperm for cereal grains accumulating high amount of starch, and the embryo for protein-rich legume seeds. These organs are surrounded by tissues of maternal and/or zygotic origin, depending on the species, which represent a protective barrier and play a role in furnishing the filial organ with nutrients and oxygen. Seed tissues and cell types have been individually studied by the omics approaches with a view to dissecting the molecular processes underlying reserve accumulation. The most comprehensive analyses have been performed at the transcriptome and/or proteome levels in various species, including Medicago, soybean, Arabidopsis, sugar beet, barley, wheat, maize, rice, and tomato. Here, we report the division of metabolic activities between seed tissues, based on the identification and ontological classification of gene products differentially accumulated between seed tissues. The work allowed metabolic networks to be proposed in specific tissue-types and regulatory factors to be identified, two fundamental tasks in systems biology, with an ultimate goal to undertake a computational reconstruction of tissue-specific metabolic models.
Published: 2012

46. The roles if embryo-surrounding tissues in regulating Medicago truncatula seed filling

Author: Mélanie Noguero, Christine Le Signor, Jérôme Verdier, Gregoire Aubert, Udvardi, M. K., Julia Buitink, Jerome Gouzy, Jean-Marie Prosperi, Karine Gallardo Guerrero, Richard Thompson, UMR 0102 - Unité de Recherche Génétique et Ecophysiologie des Légumineuses, Génétique et Ecophysiologie des Légumineuses à Graines (UMRLEG) (UMR 102), Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, The Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, Unité mixte de recherche interactions plantes-microorganismes, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Amélioration génétique et adaptation des plantes méditerranéennes et tropicales (UMR AGAP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)
Subjects: EMBRYO-SURROUNDING TISSUES, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDE]Environmental Sciences, [SDV.IDA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineering, [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, MEDICAGO TRUNCATULA, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, SEED FILLING
Abstract: National audience
Published: 2011

47. Genetic regulatory networks controlling legume seed storage metabolism

Author: Jérôme Verdier, Mingyi Wang, Jian Zhao, Christine Le Signor, Julia Buitink, Dixon Richard, A., Richard Thompson, Mickaël Udvardi, UMR 0102 - Unité de Recherche Génétique et Ecophysiologie des Légumineuses, Génétique et Ecophysiologie des Légumineuses à Graines (UMRLEG) (UMR 102), Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, The Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences (IRHS), Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)
Subjects: seed storage, grain legumes, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDE]Environmental Sciences, medicago truncatula, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2010

48. Génétique et post-génomique chez la légumineuse modèle M. truncatula pour disséquer le déterminisme moléculaire de la composition protéique des graines de légumineuses

Author: Karine Gallardo Guerrero, Amandine Bordat, Christine Le Signor, Gregoire Aubert, Delphine Aime, Vincent Savois, Marion Verdenaud, Jerome Gouzy, Jean-Marie Prosperi, Thierry Huguet, Céline Vandecasteele, Julia Buitink, Richard Thompson, Judith Burstin, UMR 0102 - Unité de Recherche Génétique et Ecophysiologie des Légumineuses, Génétique et Ecophysiologie des Légumineuses à Graines (UMRLEG) (UMR 102), Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Unité mixte de recherche interactions plantes-microorganismes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Physiologie Moléculaire des Semences (PMS), Institut National d'Horticulture-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Angers (UA), Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences (IRHS), Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)
Subjects: [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDE]Environmental Sciences, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: National audience
Published: 2009

49. Optimizing TILLING populations for reverse genetics in Medicago truncatula

Author: Jonathan Clarke, Vincent Savois, Françoise Moussy, Grégoire Aubert, Richard D. Thompson, Marie Georgette Nicolas, Gaëlle Pagny, Dave Baker, Christine Le Signor, Myriam Sanchez, Jerome Verdier, UMR 0102 - Unité de Recherche Génétique et Ecophysiologie des Légumineuses, Génétique et Ecophysiologie des Légumineuses à Graines (UMRLEG) (UMR 102), Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, and John Innes Centre
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, TILLING, DNA, Plant, Genotype, genetically effective cell number, Population, DNA Mutational Analysis, Population genetics, Plant Science, Computational biology, Genes, Plant, 01 natural sciences, reverse genetics, 03 medical and health sciences, tilling, Gene Expression Regulation, Plant, Databases, Genetic, Medicago truncatula, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, education, 030304 developmental biology, 2. Zero hunger, Genetics, 0303 health sciences, education.field_of_study, biology, Population size, food and beverages, biology.organism_classification, Reverse genetics, Forward genetics, Phenotype, Mutagenesis, Ethyl Methanesulfonate, Mutation (genetic algorithm), Agronomy and Crop Science, Genome, Plant, 010606 plant biology & botany, Biotechnology
Abstract: International audience; Medicago truncatula has been widely adopted as a model plant for crop legume species of the Vicieae. Despite the availability of transformation and regeneration protocols, there are currently limited tools available in this species for the systematic investigation of gene function. Within the framework of the European Grain Legumes Integrated Project (http://www.eugrainlegumes.org), chemical mutagenesis was applied to M. truncatula to create two mutant populations that were used to establish a TILLING (targeting induced local lesions in genomes) platform and a phenotypic database, allowing both reverse and forward genetics screens. Both populations had the same M2 line number, but differed in their M1 population size: population 1 was derived from a small M1 population (one-tenth the size of the M2 generation), whereas population 2 was generated by single seed descent and therefore has M1 and M2 generations of equal size. Fifty-six targets were screened, 10 on both populations, and 546 point mutations were identified. Population 2 had a mutation frequency of 1/485 kb, twice that of population 1. The strategy used to generate population 2 is more efficient than that used to generate population 1, with regard to mutagenesis density and mutation recovery. However, the design of population 1 allowed us to estimate the genetically effective cell number to be three in M. truncatula. Phenotyping data to help forward screenings are publicly available, as well as a web tool for ordering seeds at http://www.inra.fr/legumbase
Published: 2009

50. Tendril-less Regulates Tendril Formation in Pea Leaves

Author: Adeline Dupin, Julie M.I. Hofer, Christine Le Signor, Peter Isaac, Marion Dalmais, Carol Moreau, James L. Weller, Mike Ambrose, Abdelhafid Bendahmane, Lynda Turner, Susan Butcher, Noel Ellis, Department of Crop Genetics, John Innes Centre [Norwich], BBSRC John Innes Centre, Partenaires INRAE, Norwich Bioincubator, Norwich Research Park, School of Plant Science, University of Tasmania [Hobart, Australia] (UTAS), Unité de recherche en génomique végétale (URGV), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR 0102 - Unité de Recherche Génétique et Ecophysiologie des Légumineuses, Génétique et Ecophysiologie des Légumineuses à Graines (UMRLEG) (UMR 102), Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Department of Crop Genetics [Norwich], Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC)-Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC), and Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Mutant, Plant Science, 01 natural sciences, Pisum, [SDV.GEN.GPL]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Plants genetics, 03 medical and health sciences, Botany, Tendril, Lathyrus, HOMEOBOX GENE, Primordium, Leafy, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, Fabeae, biology, COMPOUND LEAF DEVELOPMENT, food and beverages, Cell Biology, biology.organism_classification, Sweet pea, MORPHOGENESIS, LATHYRUS ODORATUS, PROMOTER SEQUENCES, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: Tendrils are contact-sensitive, filamentous organs that permit climbing plants to tether to their taller neighbors. Tendrilled legume species are grown as field crops, where the tendrils contribute to the physical support of the crop prior to harvest. The homeotic tendril-less (tl) mutation in garden pea (Pisum sativum), identified almost a century ago, transforms tendrils into leaflets. In this study, we used a systematic marker screen of fast neutron–generated tl deletion mutants to identify Tl as a Class I homeodomain leucine zipper (HDZIP) transcription factor. We confirmed the tendril-less phenotype as loss of function by targeting induced local lesions in genomes (TILLING) in garden pea and by analysis of the tendril-less phenotype of the t mutant in sweet pea (Lathyrus odoratus). The conversion of tendrils into leaflets in both mutants demonstrates that the pea tendril is a modified leaflet, inhibited from completing laminar development by Tl. We provide evidence to show that lamina inhibition requires Unifoliata/LEAFY-mediated Tl expression in organs emerging in the distal region of the leaf primordium. Phylogenetic analyses show that Tl is an unusual Class I HDZIP protein and that tendrils evolved either once or twice in Papilionoid legumes. We suggest that tendrils arose in the Fabeae clade of Papilionoid legumes through acquisition of the Tl gene.
Published: 2009

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