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We present a genome assembly from a specimen of small nettle, Urtica urens (Streptophyta; Magnoliopsida; Rosales; Urticaceae). The genome sequence has a total length of 339.60 megabases. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 12 chromosomal pseudomolecules. The mitochondrial and plastid genome assemblies have lengths of 335.02 kilobases and 147.51 kilobases, respectively. Gene annotation of this assembly on Ensembl identified 18,378 protein-coding genes.

We present a genome assembly from an individual Medicago arabica (the spotted medick; Tracheophyta; Magnoliopsida; Fabales; Fabaceae). The genome sequence is 515.5 megabases in span. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 8 chromosomal pseudomolecules. The mitochondrial and plastid genome assemblies have lengths of 324.47 kilobases and 125.07 kilobases in length, respectively. Gene annotation of this assembly on Ensembl identified 24,619 protein-coding genes.

We present a genome assembly from an individual Bromus sterilis (the barren brome; Streptophyta; Magnoliopsida; Poales; Poaceae). The genome sequence has a total length of 2,677.90 megabases. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 7 chromosomal pseudomolecules. The mitochondrial and plastid genome assemblies have lengths of 523.28 kilobases and 136.96 kilobases, respectively. Gene annotation of this assembly on Ensembl identified 29,147 protein-coding genes.

We present a genome assembly of a diploid specimen of Arctium minus (lesser burdock; Tracheophyta; Magnoliopsida; Asterales; Asteraceae). The genome sequence is 1,903.1 megabases in span. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 18 chromosomal pseudomolecules. The mitochondrial and plastid genome assemblies have lengths of 312.58 kilobases and 152.71 kilobases, respectively. Gene annotation of this assembly on Ensembl identified 27,734 protein-coding genes.

We present a genome assembly from an individual Chenopodium album (fat-hen; Streptophyta; Magnoliopsida; Caryophyllales; Chenopodiaceae). The genome sequence has a total length of 1,593.80 megabases. Most of the assembly (99.61%) is scaffolded into 27 chromosomal pseudomolecules suggesting the individual is an allohexaploid (2n = 6x = 54). The mitochondrial and plastid genome assemblies have lengths of 312.95 kilobases and 152.06 kilobases, respectively. Gene annotation of this assembly on Ensembl identified 50,077 protein-coding genes.

We present a genome assembly from an individual Phragmites australis (the common reed; Streptophyta; Magnoliopsida; Poales; Poaceae). The genome sequence has a total length of 848.70 megabases. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 24 chromosomal pseudomolecules, supporting the specimen being an allotetraploid (2n = 4x = 48). The three mitochondrial assemblies had lengths of 304.58, 92.24, and 76.54 kilobases and the plastid genome assembly had a length of 137.67 kilobases. Gene annotation of this assembly on Ensembl identified 47,513 protein-coding genes.

We present a genome assembly from an individual Sambucus nigra (the European elder; Streptophyta; Magnoliopsida; Dipsacales; Adoxaceae). The genome sequence has a total length of 11,813.70 megabases. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 18 chromosomal pseudomolecules. The mitochondrial and plastid genome assemblies have lengths of 724.11 kilobases and 158.06 kilobases, respectively.

We present a genome assembly of a diploid specimen of Alnus glutinosa (the common alder; Streptophyta; Magnoliopsida; Fagales; Betulaceae). The genome sequence has a total length of 456.80 megabases. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 14 chromosomal pseudomolecules. The mitochondrial genome assemblies have lengths of 505.23 and 155.85 kilobases and the plastid genome is 160.82 kilobases long. Gene annotation of this assembly on Ensembl identified 23,728 protein-coding genes.

We present a genome assembly from an individual Chenopodium album (fat-hen; Streptophyta; Magnoliopsida; Caryophyllales; Chenopodiaceae). The genome sequence has a total length of 1,593.80 megabases. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 27 chromosomal pseudomolecules suggesting the individual is an allohexaploid (2n = 6x = 56). The mitochondrial and plastid genome assemblies have lengths of 312.95 kilobases and 152.06 kilobases, respectively. Gene annotation of this assembly on Ensembl identified 50,077 protein-coding genes.

We present a genome assembly from an individual Bromus sterilis (the barren brome; Streptophyta; Magnoliopsida; Poales; Poaceae). The genome sequence has a total length of 2,677.90 megabases. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 7 chromosomal pseudomolecules. The mitochondrial and plastid genome assemblies have lengths of 523.28 kilobases and 136.96 kilobases, respectively. Gene annotation of this assembly on Ensembl identified 29,147 protein-coding genes.

We present a genome assembly from an individual Comarum palustre (the marsh cinquefoil; Streptophyta; Magnoliopsida; Rosales; Rosaceae). The genome sequence has a total length of 528.90 megabases. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 21 chromosomal pseudomolecules suggesting the individual is an allohexaploid (2n = 6x = 42). The mitochondrial and plastid genome assemblies have lengths of 362.32 kilobases and 154.29 kilobases, respectively. Gene annotation of this assembly on Ensembl identified 37,459 protein-coding genes.

We present a genome assembly from an individual Geum urbanum the (wood avens; Streptophyta; Magnoliopsida; Rosales; Rosaceae). The genome sequence is 1,304.9 megabases in span. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 21 chromosomal pseudomolecules. The mitochondrial and plastid genomes have also been assembled and are 335.5 and 156.1 kilobases in length respectively. Gene annotation of this assembly on Ensembl identified 50,336 protein-coding genes.

Reconstructing evolutionary trajectories and transitions that have shaped floral diversity relies heavily on the phylogenetic framework on which traits are modelled. In this study, we focus on the angiosperm order Ranunculales, sister to all other eudicots, to unravel higher-level relationships, especially those tied to evolutionary transitions in flower symmetry within the family Papaveraceae. This family presents an astonishing array of floral diversity, with actinomorphic, disymmetric (two perpendicular symmetry axes), and zygomorphic flowers. We generated nuclear and plastid datasets using the Angiosperms353 universal probe set for target capture sequencing (of 353 single-copy nuclear ortholog genes), together with publicly available transcriptome and plastome data mined from open-access online repositories. We relied on the fossil record of the order Ranunculales to date our phylogenies and to establish a timeline of events. Our phylogenomic workflow shows that nuclear-plastid incongruence accompanies topological uncertainties in Ranunculales. A cocktail of incomplete lineage sorting, post-hybridization introgression, and extinction following rapid speciation most likely explain the observed knots in the topology. These knots coincide with major floral symmetry transitions and thus obscure the order of evolutionary events.

We present a genome assembly from an individual Salicornia ramosissima (purple glasswort; Tracheophyta; Magnoliopsida; Caryophyllales; Chenopodiaceae). The genome sequence is 529.1 megabases in span. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 9 chromosomal pseudomolecules. The mitochondrial and plastid genome assemblies have lengths of 328.55 kilobases and 153.3 kilobases in length, respectively.

We present a genome assembly from an individual Populus nigra subsp. betulifola (black poplar; Tracheophyta; Malpighiales; Salicaceae). The genome sequence is 413.2 megabases in span. Most of the assembly (99.73%) is scaffolded into 19 chromosomal pseudomolecules. Mitochondrial and plastid genomes were also assembled. Three mitochondrial assemblies have lengths of 281.85, 335.57 and 186.15 kilobases, and the plastid genome has a length of 156.37 kilobases.

We present a genome assembly from an individual Trifolium dubium (lesser trefoil; Tracheophyta; Magnoliopsida; Fabales; Fabaceae) as part of a collaboration between the Darwin Tree of Life and the European Reference Genome Atlas. The genome sequence is 679.1 megabases in span. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 15 chromosomal pseudomolecules. The two mitochondrial genomes have lengths of 133.86 kb and 182.32 kb, and the plastid genome assembly has a length of 126.22 kilobases.

We present a genome assembly from a diploid female Mercurialis annua (the Annual Mercury; Tracheophyta; Magnoliopsida; Malpighiales; Euphorbiaceae). The genome sequence is 453.2 megabases in span. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 8 chromosomal pseudomolecules, including the X chromosome. The organelle genomes have also been assembled, and the mitochondrial genome is 435.28 kilobases in length, while the plastid genome is 169.65 kilobases in length.

We present a genome assembly from an individual Chamaenerion angustifolium (fireweed; Tracheophyta; Magnoliopsida; Myrtales; Onagraceae). The genome sequence is 655.9 megabases in span. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 18 chromosomal pseudomolecules. The mitochondrial and plastid genome assemblies have lengths of 495.18 kilobases and 160.41 kilobases in length, respectively.

We present a genome assembly from an individual Polygonum aviculare (common knotgrass; Eudicot; Magnoliopsida; Caryophyllales; Polygonaceae). The genome sequence is 351.6 megabases in span. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 10 chromosomal pseudomolecules. The mitochondrial and plastid genome assemblies have lengths of 333.39 kilobases and 163.28 kilobases in length, respectively.

We present a genome assembly from an individual Sherardia arvensis (field madder; Tracheophyta; Magnoliopsida; Gentianales; Rubiaceae). The genome sequence is 440.9 megabases in span. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 11 chromosomal pseudomolecules. The mitochondrial and plastid genome assemblies have lengths of 203.98 kilobases and 152.73 kilobases in length, respectively.

We present a genome assembly from an individual Scutellaria minor (Tracheophyta; Magnoliopsida; Lamiales; Lamiaceae). The genome sequence is 341.8 megabases in span. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 14 chromosomal pseudomolecules. The mitochondrial and plastid genome assemblies have lengths of 376.64 kilobases and 152.59 kilobases in length, respectively.

We present a genome assembly from an individual Ilex aquifolium (the English holly; Eudicot; Magnoliopsida; Aquifoliales; Aquifoliaceae). The genome sequence is 800.0 megabases in span. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 20 chromosomal pseudomolecules. The assembled mitochondrial and plastid genomes have lengths of 538.43 kilobases and 157.52 kilobases in length, respectively.

We present a genome assembly from an individual Pulicaria dysenterica (common fleabane; Tracheophyta; Magnoliopsida; Asterales; Asteraceae). The genome sequence is 833.2 megabases in span. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 9 chromosomal pseudomolecules. The mitochondrial and plastid genomes were assembled and have lengths of 375.47 kilobases and 150.94 kilobases respectively.

We present a genome assembly from a specimen of Potentilla anserina (the silverweed cinquefoil; Streptophyta; eudicotyledons; Rosales; Potentilleae). The haploid genome sequence is 237 megabases in span. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into seven chromosomal pseudomolecules. The mitochondrial and plastid genomes have also been assembled and are 294.6 and 155.6 kilobases in length respectively.

We present a genome assembly from a specimen of Ballota nigra (black horehound; Tracheophyta; Magnoliopsida; Lamiales; Lamiaceae). The genome sequence is 1186.8 megabases in span. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 11 chromosomal pseudomolecules. Three mitochondrial chromosomes were assembled, with lengths of 148,17, 121,67 and 125,74 kilobases. The chloroplast genome has been assembled and is 151.91 kilobases in length.

We present a genome assembly from an individual Solanum dulcamara (bittersweet; Eudicot; Magnoliopsida; Solanales; Solanaceae). The genome sequence is 946.3 megabases in span. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 12 chromosomal pseudomolecules. The mitochondrial and plastid genomes have also been assembled, with lengths of 459.22 kilobases and 161.98 kilobases respectively.

We present a genome assembly from a Linaria vulgaris specimen (the common toadflax; Streptophyta; Magnoliopsida; Lamiales; Plantaginaceae). The genome sequence is 760.5 megabases in span. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into six chromosomal pseudomolecules. Two mitochondrial genomes were assembled, which were 330.8 and 144.0 kilobases long. The plastid genome was also assembled and is 156.7 kilobases in length.

We present a genome assembly from an individual Ailanthus altissima (tree of heaven; Streptophyta; Magnoliopsida; Sapindales; Simaroubaceae). The genome sequence is 939 megabases in span. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 31 chromosomal pseudomolecules. The mitochondrial and plastid genome assemblies are 661.1 kilobases and 161.1 kilobases long, respectively.

We present a genome assembly from a specimen of Hedera helix (common ivy; Streptophyta; Magnoliopsida; Apiales; Araliaceae). The genome sequence is 1,199.4 megabases in span. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 24 chromosomal pseudomolecules. The mitochondrial and plastid genomes have also been assembled and are 609.2 and 162.2 kilobases in length respectively.

Summary: Grasses (Poaceae) comprise c. 11 800 species and are central to human livelihoods and terrestrial ecosystems. Knowing their relationships and evolutionary history is key to comparative research and crop breeding. Advances in genome‐scale sequencing allow for increased breadth and depth of phylogenomic analyses, making it possible to infer a new reference species tree of the family.We inferred a comprehensive species tree of grasses by combining new and published sequences for 331 nuclear genes from genome, transcriptome, target enrichment and shotgun data. Our 1153‐tip tree covers 79% of grass genera (including 21 genera sequenced for the first time) and all but two small tribes. We compared it to a newly inferred 910‐tip plastome tree.We recovered most of the tribes and subfamilies previously established, despite pervasive incongruence among nuclear gene trees. The early diversification of the PACMAD clade could represent a hard polytomy. Gene tree–species tree reconciliation suggests that reticulation events occurred repeatedly. Nuclear–plastome incongruence is rare, with very few cases of supported conflict.We provide a robust framework for the grass tree of life to support research on grass evolution, including modes of reticulation, and genetic diversity for sustainable agriculture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background Breast cancer screening and improving imaging techniques have led to an increase in the detection rate of early, nonpalpable breast cancers. For early breast cancer, breast conserving surgery is an effective and safe treatment. Accurate intraoperative lesion localization during breast conserving surgery is essential for adequate surgical margins while sparing surrounding healthy tissue to achieve optimal cosmesis. Preoperative wire localization and radioactive seed localization are accepted standard methods to guide surgical excision of nonpalpable breast lesions. However, these techniques present significant limitations. Radiofrequency identification (RFID) technology offers a new, nonradioactive method for localizing nonpalpable breast lesions in patients undergoing breast conserving surgery. This study aims to evaluate the feasibility of RFID surgical guidance for nonpalpable breast lesions. Methods This multicenter prospective cohort study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of the University Medical Center Utrecht. Written informed consent is obtained from all participants. Women with nonpalpable, histologically proven in situ or invasive breast cancer, who can undergo breast conserving surgery with RFID localization are considered eligible for participation. An RFID tag is placed under ultrasound guidance, up to 30 days preoperatively. The surgeon localizes the RFID tag with a radiofrequency reader that provides audible and visual real-time surgical guidance. The primary study outcome is the percentage of irradical excisions and reexcision rate, which will be compared to standards of the National Breast Cancer Organisation Netherlands (NABON)(≤ 15% irradical excisions of invasive carcinomas). Secondary outcomes include user acceptability/experiences, learning curve, duration and ease of the placement- and surgical procedure and adverse events. Discussion This study evaluates the feasibility of RFID surgical guidance for nonpalpable breast lesions. Results may have implications for the future localization techniques in women with nonpalpable breast cancer undergoing breast conserving surgery. Trial registration Netherlands National Trial Register, NL8019 , registered on September 12th 2019.

Abstract Background A procedure for sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) using superparamagnetic iron-oxide (SPIO) nanoparticles and intraoperative sentinel lymph node (SLN) detection was developed to overcome drawbacks associated with the current standard-of-care SLNB. However, residual SPIO nanoparticles can result in void artefacts at follow-up magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans. We present a grading protocol to quantitatively assess the severity of these artefacts and offer an option to minimise the impact of SPIO nanoparticles on diagnostic imaging. Methods Follow-up mammography and MRI of two patient groups after a magnetic SLNB were included in the study. They received a 2-mL subareolar dose of SPIO (high-dose, HD) or a 0.1-mL intratumoural dose of SPIO (low-dose, LD). Follow-up mammography and MRI after magnetic SLNB were acquired within 4 years after breast conserving surgery (BCS). Two radiologists with over 10-year experience in breast imaging assessed the images and analysed the void artefacts and their impact on diagnostic follow-up. Results A total of 19 patients were included (HD, n = 13; LD, n = 6). In the HD group, 9/13 patients displayed an artefact on T1-weighted images up to 3.6 years after the procedure, while no impact of the SPIO remnants was observed in the LD group. Conclusions SLNB using a 2-mL subareolar dose of magnetic tracer in patients undergoing BCS resulted in residual artefacts in the breast in the majority of patients, which may hamper follow-up MRI. This can be avoided by using a 0.1-mL intratumoural dose.

Measurement(s) Plant Taxonomy • Native status • Functional traits • Ellenberg indicator values • Life strategy • Associated biome • Origin of non-native species • Species distribution • Hybrid propensity • DNA barcodes • Genome size • Chromosome number Technology Type(s) digital curation • flow cytometry • Chromosome counts Sample Characteristic - Organism Tracheophyta Sample Characteristic - Environment archipelago Sample Characteristic - Location Great Britain • Ireland Machine-accessible metadata file describing the reported data: https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.16451142