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This article presents a prototypical work space for architectural conception in virtual reality, realised within the school of Architecture Paris Val-de-Seine. These experiments introduce the possibility to accelerate the education of architects by the development of a "real time architectural conception". Acquiring site data, spatial conception, and virtual experience of a space can therefore be done in the same time and space.; Cet article retrace les expériences pédagogiques menées dans l'école d'Architecture Paris Val-de-Seine pour concevoir et expérimenter des projets d'architecture en réalité virtuelle (VR). Ces expériences ont été réalisées sur le cours de 2 années par les enseignants de projets et enseignants de Représentations et d'outils numériques et informatiques (F. Chopin, D. Serero et E. Vicarini) en collaboration avec le FABLAB de l'école, une association étudiante dédiée au partage et à la formation de savoirs numériques et de la fabrication numérique. (Y. Bruneau, C. Luisi, M. Cragnolini, C. Boiteau, G. Martin, S.Cazein) Cet article présente une synthèse des étapes du numérique au service du projet architectural, une expérience projet d'un complexe thermal en 2ème année, et un workshop d'initiation à la réalité virtuelle organisé par le Fablab.

The city of Bam, in south-eastern Iran is one of the greatest mud brick architectures in the world. Vastly damaged during the earthquake of 2003, a virtual 3D reconstruction is started for its most remarkable buildings. The modeling process of small caravanserai is presented here. This 3-D reconstruction uses documents from a variety of sources with different chronology. The architecture to rebuild imposes an analysis of morphological and constructive nature of the mud brick building and a research on the methodology related to the modeling tools of the chosen software (3DSMax)., La ville de Bam, dans la partie sud-est de l’Iran est l’un des plus grands ensembles au monde fait de terre. Détruite en grande partie lors du tremblement de terre de 2003, elle fait l’objet, pour ses bâtiments les plus remarquables d’une reconstitution virtuelle. La modélisation en cours du petit caravansérail est présentée ici. Cette reconstitution utilise des documents de sources et d’époques variées. L’architecture à reconstituer impose une analyse de la nature morphologique et constructive du bâtiment de terre ainsi que la recherche d’une méthodologie liée aux outils de modélisation du logiciel choisi (3DSMax).

The presence of a large number of species that are low in quantity in Japan's coastal waters has resulted in the evolution of a food culture that has historically utilized most of the catch species and sizes that are caught in coastal trawls. This has resulted in a diverse range of species and sizes captured and amounts to 40% of total animal protein intake. Sustainable fisheries in Japan are necessary for preserving food culture as well as employment and income and great efforts are being made to conserve resources. Three strategies have been carried on for conservation of fisheries in Japan, are (1) Enhancement of Fish stocks, (2) Improvement of fishing grounds and (3) Improving the selectivity of fishing gears. Increasing mesh size and release of fish juveniles after capture has already been accepted by fishers. Fishers and scientists together have become a team in developing and testing selective fishing gears. Selectivity has been investigated on a practical basis with the aim to reduce fish discards and to release fish juveniles. However, unlike many western countries, guiding net panels and grids to improve selectivity have not been successful in Japanese coastal multi-species fisheries. The variations in size, shape, price and seasonally of species make development of selective fishing gears extremely complex. Our practical target is to promote live capture technology, improve utilization of species captured and refine catch records for investigation of fish stocks.

The fisheries of many countries in Asia are heavily reliant upon fisheries as a major source of food protein with fish consumption levels two to three times higher than those of western countries and collectively, the region harvests approximately forty percent of the world's marine fishes. With many of the region's fish resources fully exploited or over fished, identification, quantification and reduction of biological waste in commercial fisheries has become a regional priority. However, given the complexity of multi-species fisheries and fish utilization practices as well as the technological difficulties already encountered make finding practical solutions by individual researchers or institutes extremely difficult. Within the region exist human resources, research and development facilities and equipment that if shared could significantly speed up the process of biological waste mitigation. This paper, identifies some of the current problems associated with biological waste mitigation and proposes that resolving these issues is best achieved through information, facility and human resource sharing. An initial target of setting minimum standards for fishing trials, experimental protocols and analytical techniques is proposed with a second step being the establishment of information databases of technologies to reduce biological waste. Administrative support, strategic planning and management of regional databases and the activities of scientists and technologists can only be carried out by a regional agency such as SEAFDEC or ICLARM. International cooperation between agencies, institutes and researchers is a pre-requisite for long term resolution of technological problems.