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1. Obstacle-Avoidant Leader Following with a Quadruped Robot

Author

Scheidemann, Carmen, Werner, Lennart, Reijgwart, Victor, Cramariuc, Andrei, Chomarat, Joris, Chiu, Jia-Ruei, Siegwart, Roland, and Hutter, Marco

Subjects
Computer Science - Robotics
Abstract

Personal mobile robotic assistants are expected to find wide applications in industry and healthcare. For example, people with limited mobility can benefit from robots helping with daily tasks, or construction workers can have robots perform precision monitoring tasks on-site. However, manually steering a robot while in motion requires significant concentration from the operator, especially in tight or crowded spaces. This reduces walking speed, and the constant need for vigilance increases fatigue and, thus, the risk of accidents. This work presents a virtual leash with which a robot can naturally follow an operator. We use a sensor fusion based on a custom-built RF transponder, RGB cameras, and a LiDAR. In addition, we customize a local avoidance planner for legged platforms, which enables us to navigate dynamic and narrow environments. We successfully validate on the ANYmal platform the robustness and performance of our entire pipeline in real-world experiments.

Published
2024

2. Performance and economic evaluation of the molecular detection of pathogens for patients with severe infections: the EVAMICA open-label, cluster-randomised, interventional crossover trial

Author

Cambau, Emmanuelle, Durand-Zaleski, Isabelle, Bretagne, Stéphane, Brun-Buisson, Christian, Cordonnier, Catherine, Duval, Xavier, Herwegh, Stéphanie, Pottecher, Julien, Courcol, René, Bastuji-Garin, Sylvie, Lefort, Agnès, Mantz, Jean, Pease, Sébastien, Lavagna, Leïla, Nicolas-Chanoine, Marie Hélène, Leflon, Véronique, Marcon, Estelle, Ruimy, Raymond, Andremont, Antoine, Lebras, Jacques, Iung, Bernard, Regnier, Bernard, Yeni, Patrick, Montravers, Philippe, Mourvillier, Bruno, Ilic-Habensus, Emila, Talbi, Nadia El Alami, Lasocki, Sigismond, Bouscary, Didier, Mira, Jean-Paul, Grimaldi, David, Marin, Nathalie, Doloy, Alexandra, Poyart, Claire, Scherrer, Emmanuel, Chambon-Pautas, Cecile, Cook, Fabrice, Mekontso-Dessap, Armand, Schortgen, Frédérique, Chedevergne, Karine, Vernant, Jean-Paul, Gauvin-Bodin, Liliane, Trouillet, Jean-Louis, Chastre, Jean, Bricaire, François, Brossier, Florence, Jarlier, Vincent, Dheder, Nathalie, Nieszkowska, Ania, Datry, Annick, Fekkar, Arnaud, Buffet, Pierre, Mazier, Rommy, Brun, Sophie, Meyssonnier, Vanina, Isnard, Françoise, Baudel, Jean-Luc, Meynard, Jean-Luc, Petit, Jean-Claude, Lalande, Valérie, Roux, Patricia, Raffoux, Emmanuel, Ribaud, Patricia, Das, Vincent, Schlemmer, Benoit, Azoulay, Elie, Chimot, Loic, Molina, Jean-Michel, Ponscarme, Diane, Pavie, Juliette, Simon, François, Casin, Isabelle, Menotti, Jean, Gruson, Didier, Bessède, Emilie, Guilhon, Emmanuelle, Accoceberry, Isabelle, Millet, Pascal, Bébéar, Cécile, Berthoux, Christian, Tonnelier, Jean-Marie, Garre, Michel, Hery-Arnaud, Geneviève, Payan, Christopher, Nevez, Gilles, Timsit, Jean-Francois, Cahn, Jean-Yves, Brion, Jean-Paul, Le beau, Bernard, Courby, Stephane, Pelloux, Hervé, Maurin, Max, Epaulard, Olivier, Hamidfar, Rebecca, Berthon, Céline, Coiteux, Valérie, Terriou, Louis, Nseir, Saadalla, Auffray, Jean-Luc, Jouet, Jean-Pierre, Durocher, Alain, Faure, Karine, Clavel, Marc, Camus, Daniel, Dugard, Anthony, Tisseuil, Chantal, Duchiron, Cécile, Ajzenberg, Daniel, Bordessoule, Dominique, Garnier, Fabien, François, Bruno, Ploy, Marie-Cécile, Darde, Marie-Laure, Chaury, Marie-Pierre, Giraud, Stephane, Jaccard, Arnaud, Moreau, Stéphane, Réménieras, Liliane, Touati, Mohamed, Turlure, Pascal, Amiel, Jean-Bernard, Pichon, Nicolas, Postil, Déborah, Vignon, Philippe, Espinouse, Daniel, Jacques, Didier, De Monbrison, Frédérique, Grozel, Jean-Michel, Chomarat, Monique, Gueugniaud, Pierre-Yves, Sanogo, Rokiatou, Drancourt, Michel, Fournier, Pierre Edouard, Roux, Véronique, Delmer, Alain, Himberlin, Chantal, Kolb, Brigitte, Lé, Quoc Hung, Appriou, Morgane, Cousson, Joël, Nazeyrollas, Pierre, Strady, Christophe, Dechamps, Christophe, Vernet, Véronique, Delmer, Alain, Toubas, Dominique, Guyotat, Denis, Auboyer, Christian, Zeni, Fabrice, Alamartine, Eric, Cathebras, Pascal, Lucht, Frédéric, Viallon, Alain, Melis, Adrien, Ros, Alain, Carricajo, Anne, Devanlay, Camille, Labruyere, Carine, Vautrin, Catherine, Cazorla, Céline, Tavernier, Emmanuelle, Grattard, Florence, Aubert, Gérald, Morel, Jerome, Cornillon, Jérome, Abba, Karima, Flori, Pierre, Sung, Roger Tran Manh, Pozzetto, Bruno, Schneider, Francis, Hansmann, Yves, Herbrecht, Raoul, Jaulhac, Benoit, Piémont, Yves, Lestcher, Valérie, Colombat, Philippe, Senecal, Delphine, Garot, Denis, Perrottin, Dominique, Besnier, Jean-Marc, Goudeau, Alain, Lanotte, Philippe, Chandenier, Jacques, Baloul, Samia, Corbel, Céline, Dabbech, Moufida, Gaba, Mabel, Jozefowicz, Elsa, Lafaye, Magali, Maugard, Fabien, Rabeuf, Remi, Rabetrano, Hasina, Veerabudun, Kalaivani, Viallette, Cédric, Stahl, Jean-Paul, Delhaes, Laurence, and The EVAMICA study team

Published
2017
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3. Antibiotic prescription behaviours in Lao People's Democratic Republic: a knowledge, attitude and practice survey

Author

Fabrice Quet, Erika Vlieghe, Caroline Leyer, Yves Buisson, Paul N Newton, Philaysak Naphayvong, Valy Keoluangkhot, Monique Chomarat, Christophe Longuet, Nicolas Steenkeste, and Jan Jacobs

Subjects
Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

Objective To assess the antibiotic prescribing practices of doctors working in the Lao People's Democratic Republic and their knowledge of local antibiotic resistance patterns. Methods Doctors attending morning meetings in 25 public hospitals in four provinces were asked to complete a knowledge, attitude and practice survey. The questionnaire contained 43 multiple choice questions that the doctor answered at the time of the meeting. Findings The response rate was 83.4% (386/463). Two hundred and seventy doctors (59.8%) declared that they had insufficient information about antibiotics. Only 14.0% (54/386) recognized the possibility of cephalosporin cross-resistance in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Most participants had no information about local antibiotic resistance for Salmonella Typhi (211/385, 54.8%) and hospital-acquired pneumonia (253/384, 65.9%). Unnecessary antibiotic prescriptions were considered as harmless by 115 participants and 148 considered locally-available generic antibiotics to be of poor quality. Nearly three-quarters (280/386) of participants agreed that it was difficult to select the correct antibiotics. Most participants (373/386) welcomed educational programmes on antibiotic prescribing and 65.0% (249/383) preferred local over international antibiotic guidelines. Conclusion Doctors in the Lao People's Democratic Republic seem to favour antibiotic prescribing interventions. Health authorities should consider a capacity building programme that incorporates antibiotic prescribing and hospital infection control.

Published
2015
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7. Quelle valeur pour le patrimoine paysager ? Du désir de paysage à la volonté de territoire

Author

Catherine Chomarat-Ruiz

Subjects
Castille park, mill parks, landscape project, territory project, Douglas Cooper, Picasso, Social Sciences
Abstract

This article tackles the value of the national heritage of a place. Assuming that this value fluctuates according to the historical context, and the criteria we set to ourselves, it raises the issue of its foundation. Does this heritage value lay on a « desire of landscape» or on a « will of territorial development» ? To what extent do this desire and this will à the landscape and the territory à cover notions that exclude themselves ? The analysis narrows down around the parc à fabriques of the baron de Castille and its region (Gard). Through this case study, this article stands up for the idea that a site unquestionably possesses a heritage value as long as it emanates from a singular conception of space and time. Then, the conclusion will focus on the epistemological lacks which are inherent in a reflection on the notions of value, landscape, territory, etc.

Published
2011
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8. « Le sens des jardins » : une question embarrassante

Author

Catherine Chomarat-Ruiz

Subjects
gardens, meaning, semiology, history, hermeneutics, deconstruction, Social Sciences
Abstract

If a garden is considered as a set of signs to be deciphered, it refers to the intention which preceded its elaboration, to the direction its evolution takes, and to its signification as such. From then on, it raises the issue of its interpretive framework or, even better, of the most efficient interpretation system to report on these three possible conceptions of the meaning. From this assessment and its analysis, this article pleads for an attention given to the meaning of the gardens contrary to a mere positivist conception of history à or a simple sensitive approach. Then, it compares an hermeneutical entry, then a deconstructivist conception of history. It finally draws its conclusion on the necessity to initiate an epistemology of the history of gardens.

Published
2011
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9. Gregorio de los Ríos at the Casa del Campo

Author

Catherine Chomarat-Ruiz

Subjects
spanish gardens, landscape studies, meanings of the gardens, garden aesthetics, gardens and metaphysics, gardens and politics, Social Sciences
Abstract

Gregorio de los Ríos publishes his Agricultura de jardines in 1592. The book ambition seems as humble as his author. Gregorio de los Ríos is the Philippe II chaplain and gardener, in the Casa del Campo, in the south east of Madrid. The book presents to the landlords the principles of the « good management » of flower garden. He explains how designing gardens plan and how selecting the plants. This document remains remarkable. It is one of the first European treaties, which by distinguishing the amenity gardens from the nutritive gardens and the botanic gardens, applies the agricultural practices of Ibn Wafid and Abu Zacharia to gardens with aesthetical purposes. Dedicated to landlords and not to erudite, renowned botanists or apothecaries, the Agricultura de jardines is written in Castilian. By selecting this idiom, he contributes to the political unity of Spain and its Empire. He inaugurates a knowledge in which the observation of the nature gives way to the experimentation. All the author savoir-faire—water management, soil enrichment, grafting, etc—is ruled by the experiences, recorded under protocol and results. Furthermore, he confers to pleasure gardens a metaphysical dimension. Giving grace to the beauty of the nature given by God pagans and Christians would have understood this objective of an art which gives sense to human being. With Gregorio de los Ríos’ work, neglected by the historians, it is the Spanish influence on flower gardens, that we aim to question, from an aesthetical, political, scientific and metaphysical point of view.

Published
2011
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10. Quand les jardins résistent à l’art…

Author

Catherine Chomarat-Ruiz

Subjects
garden, art, landscape, Social Sciences
Abstract

This paper inquires about what is not concerning art in the gardens. It considers the idea that if gardens are accustomed to borrow from the other arts – painting, theater, etc. – there is not a specific garden art. Then it develops two hypothesis: in the heart of garden, wouldn’t it nature, or sciences and techniques that avoid the influence of art? According to the limits of these two possibilities, it establishes that it is outside the garden that something escapes the power of art: it seems that it’s the landscape. It deduces a definition of garden founded in gardening which, different from landscape planning, would be a specific garden art.

Published
2011
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12. Vous avez dit « Paysage » ?

Author

Catherine Chomarat-Ruiz

Subjects
materials, landscape, nature in the city, history of gardens and landscapes, urban agriculture, agri-urbanism, Social Sciences
Abstract

Based on the metaphorical use of the term "landscape" in science, especially in the expression "Materials - Landscapes," the article intends to capture some invariants and new characterizations of this scientific object. It is, indeed, to show the epistemological interest of a "detour" by other scientific disciplines than history to renew the field of landscape studies and consider original way of responding to research programs grouped under the heading of "Nature in the city».

Published
2010
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13. L’art et la science à l’épreuve du paysage

Author

Catherine Chomarat-Ruiz

Subjects
landscape, landscape project, landscapetics, landscape paradigm, landscape metascience, landscape architecture, Social Sciences
Abstract

The question of the relationship between art and science arises in a particular way when we look at landscape. Because landscape is a hybrid object, made up of nature and culture, it requires rethinking the distinction commonly accepted between art and science. The purpose of this article is to explain how this dichotomy has been justified in the field of landscape and, more specifically, through questioning the landscape expertise. It outlines the two paradigms that have nourished the disciplines involved in the study of landscape. It aims to show that a third paradigm, testified by new theoretical propositions and a reconfiguration of knowledge, emerges with the hypothesis of a unit of sciences of landscape. Thus, far to appeal to a simple articulation of art and science or to overcome the opposition – which would lead to testing it – the landscape challenges us to rethink the organization of the sciences relative to landscape, and beyond, the configuration of the fields of knowledge inherited from the nineteenth century.

Published
2010
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14. L’eau, malin génie du jardin

Author

Catherine Chomarat-Ruiz

Subjects
water, garden, description, Narcissus myth, Philostrate, Bachelard, Social Sciences
Abstract

For those who are interested in garden, water is often considered as a principle of life, while it holds an intrinsic death-dealing value, which can be identified in cosmogonies and literary works from Greek Antiquity until our time. This article aims to analyse this assimilation, and to point out that this ambivalence is present in gardens as source of inspiration and as component of landscape work. More precisely, the article aims to understand this duality in the water values through an analysis of the Narcissus myth and the arts quarrel in which painting, eloquence and arts of garden face against each other. It will be proved that by leaving the representation for landscape composition, the water works as a trap for meteors and persons and remains, with its grievous power, a malicious genius of the gardens.

Published
2010
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18. What is a doctorate concerning landscape ?

Author

Catherine Chomarat-Ruiz

Subjects
epistemology, landscape science, landscape architecture, critical interpretation of project, landscapetics, Social Sciences
Abstract

Based on the realisation that research concerning the landscape is a fact, that during thirty years seminars have been dedicated to this subject in schools of landscape architecture, this article exposes the problems inherent to the creation of a doctorate concerning the landscape and demonstrates that these problems stem from an object and a disciplinary field that are difficult to define. It then analyses a sample of ground-breaking documents in order to identify the major questions and the attempts at answers that still nourish the field of research in landscape architecture today. It indicates that these ways of conceiving research, the part played by this activity in professional schools, its social role, the field it covers and the disciplines that support it, are often all structured around three oppositions : art/science, usefulness/disinterestedness, creation of a work of art/furthering of knowledge. Lastly, it exposes assumptions concerning the scope of a Doctorate with majors in landscape design, in landscape art criticism and in landscape sciences. It then suggests that by attempting to go beyond these oppositions, which boil down to the nature/culture dichotomy, only a last major concerning a theoretical landscape science would be appropriate.

Published
2009
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20. Pour une « métascience » du paysage

Author

Hervé Brunon, Catherine Chomarat-Ruiz, Pierre Donadieu, and André Torre

Subjects
landscape metascience, history and geography, ecology, agro­nomy, sociology and economy, epistemology, Social Sciences
Abstract

This paper presents a research whose aim is to develop a « metascience » of landscape. It recounts the origins of this program, focusing on the issue of landscapes transmission à hybrid legacy between nature and culture. It points out the non-scientific cha¬racter of the criticism in charge of qualifying the value of landscape and the inadequacy of an interdisciplinary approach to support this practice of expertise. This paper proposes to enlighten this ethical issue by a new science able to exceed the dichotomy between nature and culture, on which are based all the sciences of landscape. Developing this new science requires a critical history, or better, what we would call an epistemology of the « protosciences » of landscape (i.e. an analysis of landscape in all its components, human and natural). Lastly, this article considers the new paradigm implied by this metascience for the landscape disciplines as for the others disciplines addressing the nature/culture issue.

Published
2009
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21. La critique de paysage peut-elle être scientifique ?

Author

Catherine Chomarat-Ruiz

Subjects
epistemology, landscape science, hermeneutics, critical interpretation of project, landscapetics, Social Sciences
Abstract

Focusing on the scientific character of the landscape criticism, this article distinguishes this practice from the landscaping hermeneutics and expertise : it compares it to art criticism and brings it back to the critical interpretation of a project. Then it addresses the issue of values attributed to landscape in order to emphasize their contradictory, arbitrary and relative natures. It highlights the fact that the epistemological issue faced by this type of criticism engages the ethical question of landscape transmission. Based on this, the article proposes solutions brought by the production of criteria, on which values are based on, a hierarchy of values or a multidisciplinary perspective. Incomplete, these solutions enable us to express the hypothesis of a new landscape science which could support the criticism. This article reckons the advent of a meta-criticism of landscape and the gain of scientificity and morality which it would represent.

Published
2008
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24. Comparative in vitro activity of Meropenem, Imipenem and Piperacillin/tazobactam against 1071 clinical isolates using 2 different methods: a French multicentre study

Author

Maugein Jeanne, Dubreuil Luc, Chomarat Monique, Cavallo Jean-Didier, Kempf Marie, Joly-Guillou Marie-Laure, Muller-Serieys Claudette, and Roussel-Delvallez Micheline

Subjects
Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract

Abstract Background Meropenem is a carbapenem that has an excellent activity against many gram-positive and gram-negative aerobic, facultative, and anaerobic bacteria. The major objective of the present study was to assess the in vitro activity of meropenem compared to imipenem and piperacillin/tazobactam, against 1071 non-repetitive isolates collected from patients with bacteremia (55%), pneumonia (29%), peritonitis (12%) and wound infections (3%), in 15 French hospitals in 2006. The secondary aim of the study was to compare the results of routinely testings and those obtained by a referent laboratory. Method Susceptibility testing and Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations (MICs) of meropenem, imipenem and piperacillin/tazobactam were determined locally by Etest method. Susceptibility to meropenem was confirmed at a central laboratory by disc diffusion method and MICs determined by agar dilution method for meropenem, imipenem and piperacillin/tazobactam. Results Cumulative susceptibility rates against Escherichia coli were, meropenem and imipenem: 100% and piperacillin/tazobactam: 90%. Against other Enterobacteriaceae, the rates were meropenem: 99%, imipenem: 98% and piperacillin/tazobactam: 90%. All Staphylococci, Streptococci and anaerobes were susceptible to the three antibiotics. Against non fermeters, meropenem was active on 84-94% of the strains, imipenem on 84-98% of the strains and piperacillin/tazobactam on 90-100% of the strains. Conclusions Compared to imipenem, meropenem displays lower MICs against Enterobacteriaceae, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Except for non fermenters, MICs90 of carbapenems were Enterobacteriaceae and Acinetobacter but not P. aeruginosa. Some discrepancies were noted between MICs determined by Etest accross centres and MICs determined by agar dilution method at the central laboratory. Discrepancies were more common for imipenem testing and more frequently related to a few centres. Overall MICs determined by Etest were in general higher (0.5 log to 1 log fold) than MICs by agar dilution.

Published
2010
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32. The RFamide neuropeptide 26RFa and its role in the control of neuroendocrine functions

Author

Chartrel, C, Alvear-Perez, P, Iturrioz, X., Reaux-Le Goazigo, A., Audinot, V., Chomarat, C, Coge, C, Nosjean, O., Rodriguez, M., Galizzi, J., Goazigo, R., Chomarat, P., Coge, F., Chartrel, Nicolas, Alonzeau, Jessy, Alexandre, David, Jeandel, Jean, Alvear-Perez, Rodrigo, Leprince, Jérôme, Boutin, Jean, Vaudry, Hubert, Anouar, Youssef, Llorens-Cortes, Catherine, Jeandel, Lydie, Institut de la Vision, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de biologie et chimie des protéines [Lyon] (IBCP), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique et Physiologie Intégratives de l'Arbre Fruitier et Forestier (PIAF), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP), Différenciation et communication neuronale et neuroendocrine (DC2N), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut du Cerveau et de la Moëlle Epinière = Brain and Spine Institute (ICM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP], Neuropeptides centraux et régulations hydrique et cardiovasculaire, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Collège de France (CdF)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Neuroendocrinologie cellulaire et moléculaire, Institut de Recherches Servier, Centre de Recherches de Croissy, Centre interdisciplinaire de recherche en biologie (CIRB), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Collège de France (CdF)-PSL Research University (PSL), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Collège de France (CdF)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre interdisciplinaire de recherche en biologie (CIRB), Labex MemoLife, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Ecole Superieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles de la Ville de Paris (ESPCI Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Labex MemoLife, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre interdisciplinaire de recherche en biologie (CIRB), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Ecole Superieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles de la Ville de Paris (ESPCI Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Labex MemoLife, and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)

Subjects
[SDV.NEU.NB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology, MESH: Amino Acid Sequence, MESH: Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled, [CHIM.THER]Chemical Sciences/Medicinal Chemistry, MESH: Neuropeptides, Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled, 0302 clinical medicine, MESH: Pituitary Gland, [SDV.BC.IC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology/Cell Behavior [q-bio.CB], MESH: Ligands, MESH: Animals, Tissue Distribution, Receptor, Peptide sequence, MESH: Vertebrates, MESH: Cyclic AMP, 0303 health sciences, Vertebrate, Cell biology, Hypothalamus, Vertebrates, medicine.medical_specialty, MESH: Ghrelin, Neuropeptide, Biology, Models, Biological, 03 medical and health sciences, Neuroendocrine Cells, biology.animal, Internal medicine, medicine, MESH: Neuroendocrine Cells, MESH: Protein Binding, Animals, Humans, Amino Acid Sequence, MESH: Tissue Distribution, Gene, 030304 developmental biology, G protein-coupled receptor, MESH: Humans, MESH: Molecular Sequence Data, Endocrine and Autonomic Systems, MESH: Transfection, Neuropeptides, QRFP, MESH: Models, Biological, Endocrinology, [SDV.SP.PHARMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Pharmaceutical sciences/Pharmacology, MESH: Peptide Hormones, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

International audience; Identification of novel neuropeptides and their cognate G protein-coupled receptors is essential for a better understanding of neuroendocrine regulations. The RFamide peptides represent a family of regulatory peptides that all possess the Arg-Phe-NH2 motif at their C-terminus. In mammals, seven RFamide peptides encoded by five distinct genes have been characterized. The present review focuses on 26RFa (or QRFP) which is the latest member identified in this family. 26RFa is present in all vertebrate phyla and its C-terminal domain (KGGFXFRF-NH2), which is responsible for its biological activity, has been fully conserved during evolution. 26RFa is the cognate ligand of the orphan G protein-coupled receptor GPR103 that is also present from fish to human. In all vertebrate species studied so far, 26RFa-expressing neurons show a discrete localization in the hypothalamus, suggesting important neuroendocrine activities for this RFamide peptide. Indeed, 26RFa plays a crucial role in the control of feeding behavior in mammals, birds and fish. In addition, 26RFa up-regulates the gonadotropic axis in mammals and fish. Finally, evidence that the 26RFa/GPR103 system regulates steroidogenesis, bone formation, nociceptive transmission and arterial blood pressure has also been reported. Thus, 26RFa appears to act as a key neuropeptide in vertebrates controlling vital neuroendocrine functions. The pathophysiological implication of the 26RFa/GPR103 system in human is totally unknown and some fields of investigation are proposed.

Published
2010

33. Acute food deprivation reduces expression of diazepam-binding inhibitor, the precursor of the anorexigenic octadecaneuropeptide ODN, in mouse glial cells

Author

Schouft, Marie-Thérèse, Fontaine, Marc, Scalbert, Elisabeth, Malagon, Maria, Gandolfo, Pierrick, Desrues, Laurence, Cellier, Eric, Decker, Annick, Clerens, Stefan, Vandesande, Frans, Do-Rego, C., Beauvillain, C., Baroncini, Marc, Balment, Richard, Dujardin, Cynthia, Tollemer, Helene, BRUZZONE, FEDERICA, Tollemer, Hélène, Do-Régo, Jean, Simonnet, Guy, VALLARINO, MAURO, Beauvillain, Jean, Costentin, Jean, Do-Régo, Jean-Claude, Beauvillain, Jean-Claude, Chartrel, C, Alvear-Perez, P, Iturrioz, X., Reaux-Le Goazigo, A., Audinot, V., Chomarat, C, Coge, C, Nosjean, O., Rodriguez, M., Galizzi, J., Goazigo, R., Chomarat, P., Coge, F., Chartrel, Nicolas, Alonzeau, Jessy, Alexandre, David, Jeandel, Jean, Alvear-Perez, Rodrigo, Boutin, Jean, Anouar, Youssef, Llorens-Cortes, Catherine, Jeandel, Lydie, Carlier, Ludovic, Ségalas-Milazzo, Isabelle, Guilhaudis, Laure, Oulyadi, Hassan, Davoust, Daniel, Dubessy, Christophe, Scalbert, Elizabeth, Pfeiffer, Bruno, Renard, Pierre, Lihrmann, Isabelle, Pacaud, Pierre, Chevrier, Lucie, De Brevern, Alexandre, Hernandez, Eva, Guedj, Anne Marie, de Roux, Nicolas, Cholez, V, Debuysscher, V, Bourgeais, B, Boudot, B, Tron, F., Brassart, B., Regnier, A., Bissac, E, Pecnard, E, Gouilleux, F., Lassoued, K, Gouilleux-Gruart, V, Cholez, E, Bourgeais, J, Boudot, C., Gouilleux, V, Chuquet, Julien, Lecrux, Clotilde, Chatenet, David, Chazalviel, Laurent, Roussel, Simon, MacKenzie, Eric, Touzani, Omar, Tonon, M.C, Li, S., Leprince, J�r�me, Tonon, M.C., Compère, M, Lanfray, D, Castel, Hélène, Morin, M., Leprince, Jérôme, Dureuil, B, Vaudry, Hubert, Pelletier, G., Tonon, Marie-Christine, Compère, V., Morin, F., Dureuil, D, Vaudry, V, inconnu, Inconnu, Neuroendocrinologie cellulaire et moléculaire, Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Différenciation et communication neuronale et neuroendocrine (DC2N), Chercheur indépendant, Laboratoire de l'intégration, du matériau au système (IMS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1, University of Córdoba [Córdoba], Institut de médecine moléculaire de Rangueil (I2MR), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-IFR150-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre de Recherche Jean-Pierre AUBERT Neurosciences et Cancer (JPArc - U837 Inserm), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Université Lille 2 - Faculté de Médecine, UMR 5287, Homéostasie-Allostasie-Pathologie-Réhabilitation, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Neuropsycho-pharmacologie expérimentale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Institut de la Vision, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de biologie et chimie des protéines [Lyon] (IBCP), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique et Physiologie Intégratives de l'Arbre Fruitier et Forestier (PIAF), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP), Institut du Cerveau et de la Moëlle Epinière = Brain and Spine Institute (ICM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Neuropeptides centraux et régulations hydrique et cardiovasculaire, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Collège de France (CdF)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut de Recherches Servier, Centre de Recherches de Croissy, ESPE de l'Académie d'Amiens, Chimie Organique et Bioorganique : Réactivité et Analyse (COBRA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie Organique Fine (IRCOF), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Equipe de Chimie Organique et Biologie Structurale (ECOBS), Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), Université Henri Poincaré - Nancy 1 (UHP), Institut de recherches Servier (INSTITUT DE RECHERCHES SERVIER), INSTITUT SERVIER, Les Laboratoires SERVIER, Institut de Recherche Servier, Institut du thorax, Université de Nantes (UN)-IFR26-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Physiopathologie et neuroprotection des atteintes du cerveau en développement, Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Bioinformatique génomique et moléculaire ((U 726)), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Service des Maladies Métaboliques et Endocriniennes, Hôpital Universitaire Carémeau [Nîmes], Neuroprotection du Cerveau en Développement / Promoting Research Oriented Towards Early Cns Therapies (PROTECT), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Hôpital Robert Debré-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut Fédératif de Recherches Multidisciplinaires sur les Peptides (IFRMP 23), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CRLCC Henri Becquerel-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université Le Havre Normandie (ULH), Normandie Université (NU)-CHU Rouen, Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Matrice extracellulaire et dynamique cellulaire - UMR 7369 (MEDyC), SFR CAP Santé (Champagne-Ardenne Picardie Santé), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), STMicroelectronics, Génétique, immunothérapie, chimie et cancer (GICC), UMR 6239 CNRS [2008-2011] (GICC UMR 6239 CNRS), Université de Tours-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Matrice extracellulaire et régulations cellulaires (MERC), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Armand Frappier (INRS-IAF), Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique [Québec] (INRS), Neurodégénérescence : modèles et stratégies thérapeutiques (NMST), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Aix-Marseille Université - Faculté de pharmacie (AMU PHARM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU), IRCELYON-Ingéniérie, du matériau au réacteur (ING), Institut de recherches sur la catalyse et l'environnement de Lyon (IRCELYON), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Télécom SudParis (TSP), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Lille 2 - Faculté de Médecine -Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP], CHU Rouen, Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-CRLCC Henri Becquerel-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique [Québec] (INRS)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre interdisciplinaire de recherche en biologie (CIRB), Collège de France (CdF)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut de Chimie Organique Fine (IRCOF), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Normand de Chimie Moléculaire Médicinale et Macromoléculaire (INC3M), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Université Le Havre Normandie (ULH), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Le Havre Normandie (ULH), Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Hôpital Universitaire Carémeau [Nîmes] (CHU Nîmes), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nîmes (CHU Nîmes)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nîmes (CHU Nîmes), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-SFR CAP Santé (Champagne-Ardenne Picardie Santé), and Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Leptin, Male, Transcription, Genetic, MESH: Sequence Homology, Amino Acid, [SDV.NEU.NB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology, MESH: Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled, [CHIM.THER]Chemical Sciences/Medicinal Chemistry, MESH: Neuropeptides, Energy homeostasis, MESH: Down-Regulation, MESH: Ependyma, Mice, 0302 clinical medicine, Endocrinology, Lateral Ventricles, [SDV.BC.IC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology/Cell Behavior [q-bio.CB], Insulin, MESH: Animals, MESH: Proline-Rich Protein Domains, MESH: Peptide Fragments, MESH: Lateral Ventricles, Diazepam Binding Inhibitor, 2. Zero hunger, 0303 health sciences, MESH: Ranidae, MESH: Receptors, Kisspeptin-1, Fasting, medicine.anatomical_structure, Hypothalamus, Neuroglia, MESH: Neuroglia, Ependyma, Diazepam binding inhibitor, Injections, Intraperitoneal, MESH: Injections, Intraperitoneal, Protein Binding, MESH: Protein Transport, medicine.medical_specialty, MESH: Rats, Central nervous system, Down-Regulation, Neuropeptide, MESH: Fasting, MESH: Insulin, Biology, 03 medical and health sciences, Internal medicine, medicine, Animals, MESH: Protein Binding, Molecular Biology, MESH: Mice, Third Ventricle, MESH: RNA, Messenger, 030304 developmental biology, MESH: Transcription, Genetic, Neuropeptides, MESH: Time Factors, MESH: Rats, Wistar, MESH: Leptin, MESH: Hypothalamus, Peptide Fragments, MESH: Male, [SDV.SP.PHARMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Pharmaceutical sciences/Pharmacology, MESH: Diazepam Binding Inhibitor, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, MESH: Third Ventricle
Abstract

In the central nervous system of mammals, the gene encoding diazepam-binding inhibitor (DBI) is exclusively expressed in glial cells. Previous studies have shown that central administration of a DBI processing product, the octadecaneuropeptide ODN, causes a marked inhibition of food consumption in rodents. Paradoxically, however, the effect of food restriction on DBI gene expression has never been investigated. Here, we show that in mice, acute fasting dramatically reduces DBI mRNA levels in the hypothalamus and the ependyma bordering the third and lateral ventricles. I.p. injection of insulin, but not of leptin, selectively stimulated DBI expression in the lateral ventricle area. These data support the notion that glial cells, through the production of endozepines, may relay peripheral signals to neurons involved in the central regulation of energy homeostasis.

Published
2010

34. Use-dependent inhibition of hHCN4 by ivabradine and relationship with reduction in pacemaker activity

Author

Thollon, C, Bedut, S, Villeneuve, N, Cogé, F, Piffard, L, Guillaumin, J-P, Brunel-Jacquemin, C, Chomarat, P, Boutin, J-A, Peglion, J-L, and Vilaine, J-P

Subjects
Male, Potassium Channels, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, Swine, Action Potentials, Cyclic Nucleotide-Gated Cation Channels, Muscle Proteins, CHO Cells, Benzazepines, Research Papers, Ion Channels, Rats, Cricetulus, Biological Clocks, Heart Rate, Cricetinae, Hyperpolarization-Activated Cyclic Nucleotide-Gated Channels, Animals, Humans, Female, Ivabradine, RNA, Messenger, Rabbits, Rats, Wistar
Abstract

Ivabradine, a specific and use-dependent I(f) inhibitor, exerts anti-ischaemic activity purely by reducing heart rate. The aim of this work was to characterize its effect on the predominant HCN channel isoform expressed in human sino-atrial nodes (hSAN), to determine its kinetics in HCN channels from multicellular preparations and rate-dependency of its action.RT-PCR analysis of the four HCN channel isoforms was carried out on RNAs from hSAN. Patch-clamp and intracellular recordings were obtained from CHO cells stably expressing hHCN4 and isolated SAN, respectively. Beating rate of rat isolated atria was followed using a transducer.hHCN4 mRNAs were predominant in hSAN. Ivabradine induced a time-dependent inhibition of hHCN4 with an IC(50) of 0.5 microM. In rabbit SAN, ivabradine progressively reduced the frequency of action potentials: by 10% after 3 h at 0.1 microM, by 14% after 2 h at 0.3 microM and by 17% after 1.5 h at 1 microM. After 3h, ivabradine reduced the beating rate of rat right atria with an IC(30) of 0.2 microM. The onset of action of ivabradine was use-dependent rather than time-dependent with slower effects than caesium, an extracellular I (f) blocker. Ivabradine 3 microM decreased the frequency of action potentials in SAN from guinea-pig, rabbit and pig by 33%, 21% and 15% at 40 min, respectively.The use-dependent inhibition of hHCN4 current by ivabradine probably contributes to its slow developing effect in isolated SAN and right atria and to its increased effectiveness in species with rapid SAN activity.

Published
2006

35. Synthesis and biological evaluation of a new benzofuran analogue of 8-HETE

Author

Caijo, F., Mosset, P., Grée, R., Chomarat, P., Audinot-Bouchez, V., Boutin, J.A., Renard, P., Caignard, D.H., Dacquet, C., Chimie et Photonique Moléculaires (CPM), and Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2006

36. Synthesis of aromatic analogues of 8(S)-HETE and their biological evaluation as activators of the PPARs nuclear receptors

Author

Caijo, F., Mosset, P., Grée, R., Chomarat, P., Audinot-Bouchez, V., Boutin, J.A., Renard, P., Caignard, D.H., Dacquet, C., Chimie et Photonique Moléculaires (CPM), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Barbedor, Catherine

Subjects
ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2006

38. Traductologie et théories du design : des « arts exacts » ?

Author

Catherine Chomarat-Ruiz

Subjects
metaphors and design, metaphors and translation studies, epistemology of design sciences, epistemology of translation studies, paradigm and design sciences, paradigm and translation studies, Philosophy (General), B1-5802, Sociology (General), HM401-1281
Abstract

To what extent can translation studies and design theories be scientific? It is on the basis of the metaphors used in the field of translation studies and their possible transposition to design and its theories that this question emerges. This article sheds light on the foundations of this transposition and, in doing so, sheds light on the epistemological weaknesses that these two disciplines share to the point that the first could be considered as paradigmatic for the second. Without closing the debate, he encourages his reader to ask himself whether it would not be better to give up all scientificity to think of these two disciplines as “exact arts”.

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39. Increased oxidative DNA damage and hepatocyte overexpression of specific cytochrome P450 isoforms in hepatitis of mice infected with Helicobacter hepaticus

Author

Sipowicz, M. A., Chomarat, P., Diwan, B. A., Anver, M. A., Awasthi, Y. C., Ward, J. M., Rice, J. M., Kasprzak, K. S., Wild, C. P., and Anderson, L. M.

Subjects
Male, Immunoblotting, Deoxyguanosine, Hepatitis, Animal, Immunohistochemistry, Helicobacter Infections, Mixed Function Oxygenases, Cytochrome P-450 CYP2A6, Mice, Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System, Liver, 8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine, Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A2, Superoxides, Helicobacter, Animals, Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases, Cytochrome P450 Family 2, Reactive Oxygen Species, Research Article, DNA Damage, Glutathione Transferase
Abstract

A recently discovered bacterium, Helicobacter hepaticus, infects the intrahepatic bile canaliculi of mice, causing a severe chronic hepatitis culminating in liver cancer. Thus, it affords an animal model for study of bacteria-associated tumorigenesis including H. pylori-related gastric cancer. Reactive oxygen species are often postulated to contribute to this process. We now report that hepatitis of male mice infected with H. hepaticus show significant increases in the oxidatively damaged DNA deoxynucleoside 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine, with the degree of damage increasing with progression of the disease. Perfusion of infected livers with nitro blue tetrazolium revealed that superoxide was produced in the cytoplasm of hepatocytes, especially in association with plasmacytic infiltrates near portal triads. Contrary to expectations, Kupffer cells, macrophages, and neutrophils were rarely involved. However, levels of cytochrome P450 (CYP) isoforms 1A2 and 2A5 in hepatocytes appeared to be greatly increased, as indicated by the number of cells positive in immunohistochemistry and the intensity of staining in many cells, concomitant with severe hepatitis. The CYP2A5 immunohistochemical staining co-localized with formazan deposits resulting from nitro blue tetrazolium reduction and occurred in nuclei as well as cytoplasm. These findings suggest that CYP2A5 contributes to the superoxide production and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine formation, although reactive oxygen species from an unknown source in the hepatocytes leading to CYP2A5 induction or coincidental occurrence of these events are also possibilities. Three glutathione S-transferase isoforms, mGSTP1-1 (pi), mGSTA1-1 (YaYa), and mGSTA4-4, also showed striking increases evidencing major oxidative stress in these livers.

Published
1997

44. Implications for the assay and biological properties of interleukin-3. Results of a WHO international collaborative study

Author

Mire-Sluis, A.R. (Anthony), Gaines Das, R. (Rose), Thorpe, H. (Helen), Thomas, S. (Siep), Maher, D., Valent, P. (Peter), Payer, E. (Elisabeth), Groote, de, Hayglass, K. (Kent), Ziltener, H. (H.), Poulsen, L.K., Miossec, P. (Pierre), Chomarat, P. (P.), Grassi, J. (Jacques), Pawelec, G. (G.), Fritzsche, U. (U.), Falk, M. (M.), Topp, H. (Heinrich), Reisbach, G. (G.), Sidiropoulos, J. (John), Ben-Sasson, S.Z. (S.), Even-Chen, Z. (Zeev), Pegoraro, L. (Luigi), Barboni, E., Sugimoto, M. (Masahiro), Tsuji, K. (K.), Matsumoto, T. (Tomoya), Arai, T. (Takashi), Yokota, T. (Takashi), Olobo, J. (J.), Wagemaker, G. (Gerard), Pouw Kraan, T.C. (Tineke) van der, Sheth, K.V. (Kirrikant), Gutierrez, C. (Carlos), Rivas, D. (Daniel), Lyeke, N. (Nils), Schön, K. (Karin), Bews, J.P.A. (John), Tullberg, K. (K.), Klotzbücher, R. (R.), Page, L. (L.), Bird, C. (Carolyne), McGuckin, C.P. (Colin), Gordon, J. (Jocelynne), Katira, A. (Anita), Openshaw, P. (Peter), Georgiou, A., Testa, N.G. (Nydia), Callard, R. (Robin), Paik, K. (K.), McKearn, J. (John), Rock, M. (Marie), Harper, K. (Kathleen), Swanson, S.J. (Steven), Siegel, J.P. (Jay), Spiegelberg, L. (Linda), Geigert, J. (John), Carter, K. (Kerri), Paul, W.E. (William), Watson, C. (Cynthia), Tsang, M. (Monica), Zhou, L. (Lili), Westreich, L. (Louis), Chao, C.C. (Chun), Riss, T.L. (Terry), Moravec, R. (Rich), Mire-Sluis, A.R. (Anthony), Gaines Das, R. (Rose), Thorpe, H. (Helen), Thomas, S. (Siep), Maher, D., Valent, P. (Peter), Payer, E. (Elisabeth), Groote, de, Hayglass, K. (Kent), Ziltener, H. (H.), Poulsen, L.K., Miossec, P. (Pierre), Chomarat, P. (P.), Grassi, J. (Jacques), Pawelec, G. (G.), Fritzsche, U. (U.), Falk, M. (M.), Topp, H. (Heinrich), Reisbach, G. (G.), Sidiropoulos, J. (John), Ben-Sasson, S.Z. (S.), Even-Chen, Z. (Zeev), Pegoraro, L. (Luigi), Barboni, E., Sugimoto, M. (Masahiro), Tsuji, K. (K.), Matsumoto, T. (Tomoya), Arai, T. (Takashi), Yokota, T. (Takashi), Olobo, J. (J.), Wagemaker, G. (Gerard), Pouw Kraan, T.C. (Tineke) van der, Sheth, K.V. (Kirrikant), Gutierrez, C. (Carlos), Rivas, D. (Daniel), Lyeke, N. (Nils), Schön, K. (Karin), Bews, J.P.A. (John), Tullberg, K. (K.), Klotzbücher, R. (R.), Page, L. (L.), Bird, C. (Carolyne), McGuckin, C.P. (Colin), Gordon, J. (Jocelynne), Katira, A. (Anita), Openshaw, P. (Peter), Georgiou, A., Testa, N.G. (Nydia), Callard, R. (Robin), Paik, K. (K.), McKearn, J. (John), Rock, M. (Marie), Harper, K. (Kathleen), Swanson, S.J. (Steven), Siegel, J.P. (Jay), Spiegelberg, L. (Linda), Geigert, J. (John), Carter, K. (Kerri), Paul, W.E. (William), Watson, C. (Cynthia), Tsang, M. (Monica), Zhou, L. (Lili), Westreich, L. (Louis), Chao, C.C. (Chun), Riss, T.L. (Terry), and Moravec, R. (Rich)

Published
1996
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45. Implications for the assay and biological properties of interleukin-3. Results of a WHO international collaborative study

Author

Mire-Sluis, Anthony R., Das, Rose Gaines, Thorpe, Robin, Thomas, Sandra, Maher, Darryl, Valent, Peter, Payer, Elisabeth, De Groote, Groote, Hayglass, Kent, Ziltener, H., Poulsen, Lars K., Miossec, Pierre, Chomarat, P., Grassi, Jacques, Pawelec, G., Fritzsche, U., Reisbach, G., Sidiropoulos, John, Ben-Sasson, S. Z., Even-Chen, Zeev, Pegoraro, Luigi, Barboni, Francesco, Sugimoto, Kenkichi, Tsuji, K., Matsumoto, Tomoaki, Arai, Kenrichi, Olobo, J., Wagemaker, G., Van Der Pouw-Kraan, T., Sheth, Kirrikant V., Gutierrez, C., Rivas, D., Lyeke, Nils, Schön, Karin, Bews, John P.A., Tullberg, K., Klotzbücher, R., Page, L., Bird, C., McGuckin, Colin P., Gordon, John, Katira, Anita, Openshaw, Peter, Georgiou, Andrew, Testa, Nydia G., Callard, Robin, Paik, K., McKearn, John, Rock, Marie, Harper, Kathleen, Swanson, Steven J., Siegel, Jay P., Spiegelberg, H. L., Geigert, John, Carter, Kerri, Paul, William E., Watson, Cynthia, Tsang, Monica, Zhou, Li, Westreich, Louis, Chao, Chun C., Riss, Terry L., Moravec, Rich, Mire-Sluis, Anthony R., Das, Rose Gaines, Thorpe, Robin, Thomas, Sandra, Maher, Darryl, Valent, Peter, Payer, Elisabeth, De Groote, Groote, Hayglass, Kent, Ziltener, H., Poulsen, Lars K., Miossec, Pierre, Chomarat, P., Grassi, Jacques, Pawelec, G., Fritzsche, U., Reisbach, G., Sidiropoulos, John, Ben-Sasson, S. Z., Even-Chen, Zeev, Pegoraro, Luigi, Barboni, Francesco, Sugimoto, Kenkichi, Tsuji, K., Matsumoto, Tomoaki, Arai, Kenrichi, Olobo, J., Wagemaker, G., Van Der Pouw-Kraan, T., Sheth, Kirrikant V., Gutierrez, C., Rivas, D., Lyeke, Nils, Schön, Karin, Bews, John P.A., Tullberg, K., Klotzbücher, R., Page, L., Bird, C., McGuckin, Colin P., Gordon, John, Katira, Anita, Openshaw, Peter, Georgiou, Andrew, Testa, Nydia G., Callard, Robin, Paik, K., McKearn, John, Rock, Marie, Harper, Kathleen, Swanson, Steven J., Siegel, Jay P., Spiegelberg, H. L., Geigert, John, Carter, Kerri, Paul, William E., Watson, Cynthia, Tsang, Monica, Zhou, Li, Westreich, Louis, Chao, Chun C., Riss, Terry L., and Moravec, Rich

Abstract

Five preparations of interleukin-3 (IL-3) have been evaluated by 28 laboratories in 12 countries for their suitability to serve as an international standard for this material in a joint international collaborative study for IL-3 and interleukin-4 (IL-4). The preparations were assayed in a wide range of in vitro bioassays and immunoassays. It is clear from the biological assays contributed to this study that different recombinant preparations of IL-3 can have very different biological specific activities, including those from the same source (i.e., E. coli). Biological assays of IL-3 were significantly more consistent in their estimates of levels of IL-3 than the immunoassays, suggesting an unusual pattern of epitome recognition amongst the antibodies in the immunoassays. This study also illustrates the point that the level of cytokine measured by immunoassays does not necessarily reflect the biological potency of the cytokine. On the basis of results reported here, with the agreement of the participants of the study and with the authorization of the Expert Committee on Biological Standardization (ECBS) of the World Health Organization (WHO) the preparation of IL-3 (91/510) was established as the international standard for interleukin-3 with an assigned unitage of 1700 IU/ampoule.

Published
1996

46. Implications for the assay and biological activity of interleukin-4. Results of a WHO international collaborative study

Author

Mire-Sluis, Anthony R., Das, Rose Gaines, Thorpe, Robin, Thomas, Sandra, Maher, Darryl, Valent, Peter, Payer, Elisabeth, De Groote, Groote, Hayglass, Kent, Ziltener, H., Poulsen, Lars K., Miossec, Pierre, Chomarat, P., Grassi, Jacques, Pawelec, G., Fritzsche, U., Reisbach, G., Sidiropoulos, John, Ben-Sasson, S. Z., Even-Chen, Zeev, Pegoraro, Luigi, Barboni, Francesco, Sugimoto, Kenkichi, Tsuji, K., Matsumoto, Tomoaki, Arai, Kenrichi, Yokota, Takashi, Olobo, J., Wagemaker, G., Van Der Pouw-Kraan, T., Sheth, Kirrikant V., Gutierrez, C., Rivas, D., Lyeke, Nils, Schön, Karin, Bews, John P.A., Tullberg, K., Klotzbücher, R., Page, L., Bird, C., McGuckin, Colin P., Gordon, John, Katira, Anita, Openshaw, Peter, Georgiou, Andrew, Testa, Nydia G., Callard, Robin, Paik, K., McKearn, John, Rock, Marie, Harper, Kathleen, Swanson, Steven J., Siegel, Jay P., Spiegelberg, H. L., Geigert, John, Carter, Kerri, Paul, William E., Watson, Cynthia, Tsang, Monica, Zhou, Li, Westreich, Louis, Chao, Chun C., Riss, Terry L., Moravec, Rich, Mire-Sluis, Anthony R., Das, Rose Gaines, Thorpe, Robin, Thomas, Sandra, Maher, Darryl, Valent, Peter, Payer, Elisabeth, De Groote, Groote, Hayglass, Kent, Ziltener, H., Poulsen, Lars K., Miossec, Pierre, Chomarat, P., Grassi, Jacques, Pawelec, G., Fritzsche, U., Reisbach, G., Sidiropoulos, John, Ben-Sasson, S. Z., Even-Chen, Zeev, Pegoraro, Luigi, Barboni, Francesco, Sugimoto, Kenkichi, Tsuji, K., Matsumoto, Tomoaki, Arai, Kenrichi, Yokota, Takashi, Olobo, J., Wagemaker, G., Van Der Pouw-Kraan, T., Sheth, Kirrikant V., Gutierrez, C., Rivas, D., Lyeke, Nils, Schön, Karin, Bews, John P.A., Tullberg, K., Klotzbücher, R., Page, L., Bird, C., McGuckin, Colin P., Gordon, John, Katira, Anita, Openshaw, Peter, Georgiou, Andrew, Testa, Nydia G., Callard, Robin, Paik, K., McKearn, John, Rock, Marie, Harper, Kathleen, Swanson, Steven J., Siegel, Jay P., Spiegelberg, H. L., Geigert, John, Carter, Kerri, Paul, William E., Watson, Cynthia, Tsang, Monica, Zhou, Li, Westreich, Louis, Chao, Chun C., Riss, Terry L., and Moravec, Rich

Abstract

Five ampouled preparations of interleukin-4 (IL-4) have been evaluated by 36 laboratories in 14 countries for their suitability to serve as an international standard for this material in a joint international collaborative study for interleukin-3 (IL-3) and IL-4. The preparations were assayed in a wide range of in vitro bioassays and immunoassays. It is clear from the study that different recombinant preparations of IL-4 can have very different biological specific activities, including those from the same source (i.e., E. coli). In addition, immunoassay estimates of IL-4 levels did not correlate with those of bioassays, illustrating the fact that immunoassays do not necessarily measure active cytokine. It is of interest that the estimates provided by the different bioassays were less variable than those produced by the immunoassays, suggesting that bioassays can be as accurate, if not more so, than immunoassays. The large reduction in the variability of estimates with the inclusion of a single reference preparation clearly illustrates the need for a single standard to assay IL-4. On the basis of the results reported here, with the agreement of the participants of the study with the authorization of the Expert Committee on Biological Standardization (ECBS) on the World Health Organization (WHO) the preparation of IL-4 (88/656) was established as the international standard for interleukin-4 with an assigned unitage of 1000 IU/ampoule.

Published
1996

48. T cell interleukin-17 induces stromal cells to produce proinflammatory and hematopoietic cytokines.

Author

Fossiez, F, primary, Djossou, O, additional, Chomarat, P, additional, Flores-Romo, L, additional, Ait-Yahia, S, additional, Maat, C, additional, Pin, J J, additional, Garrone, P, additional, Garcia, E, additional, Saeland, S, additional, Blanchard, D, additional, Gaillard, C, additional, Das Mahapatra, B, additional, Rouvier, E, additional, Golstein, P, additional, Banchereau, J, additional, and Lebecque, S, additional

Published
1996
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