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2. Whole genome sequence association analysis of fasting glucose and fasting insulin levels in diverse cohorts from the NHLBI TOPMed program

Author

DiCorpo, Daniel, Gaynor, Sheila M, Russell, Emily M, Westerman, Kenneth E, Raffield, Laura M, Majarian, Timothy D, Wu, Peitao, Sarnowski, Chloé, Highland, Heather M, Jackson, Anne, Hasbani, Natalie R, de Vries, Paul S, Brody, Jennifer A, Hidalgo, Bertha, Guo, Xiuqing, Perry, James A, O’Connell, Jeffrey R, Lent, Samantha, Montasser, May E, Cade, Brian E, Jain, Deepti, Wang, Heming, D’Oliveira Albanus, Ricardo, Varshney, Arushi, Yanek, Lisa R, Lange, Leslie, Palmer, Nicholette D, Almeida, Marcio, Peralta, Juan M, Aslibekyan, Stella, Baldridge, Abigail S, Bertoni, Alain G, Bielak, Lawrence F, Chen, Chung-Shiuan, Chen, Yii-Der Ida, Choi, Won Jung, Goodarzi, Mark O, Floyd, James S, Irvin, Marguerite R, Kalyani, Rita R, Kelly, Tanika N, Lee, Seonwook, Liu, Ching-Ti, Loesch, Douglas, Manson, JoAnn E, Minster, Ryan L, Naseri, Take, Pankow, James S, Rasmussen-Torvik, Laura J, Reiner, Alexander P, Reupena, Muagututi’a Sefuiva, Selvin, Elizabeth, Smith, Jennifer A, Weeks, Daniel E, Xu, Huichun, Yao, Jie, Zhao, Wei, Parker, Stephen, Alonso, Alvaro, Arnett, Donna K, Blangero, John, Boerwinkle, Eric, Correa, Adolfo, Cupples, L Adrienne, Curran, Joanne E, Duggirala, Ravindranath, He, Jiang, Heckbert, Susan R, Kardia, Sharon LR, Kim, Ryan W, Kooperberg, Charles, Liu, Simin, Mathias, Rasika A, McGarvey, Stephen T, Mitchell, Braxton D, Morrison, Alanna C, Peyser, Patricia A, Psaty, Bruce M, Redline, Susan, Shuldiner, Alan R, Taylor, Kent D, Vasan, Ramachandran S, Viaud-Martinez, Karine A, Florez, Jose C, Wilson, James G, Sladek, Robert, Rich, Stephen S, Rotter, Jerome I, Lin, Xihong, Dupuis, Josée, Meigs, James B, Wessel, Jennifer, and Manning, Alisa K

Subjects
Biological Sciences, Genetics, Human Genome, Biotechnology, Diabetes, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Aetiology, Metabolic and endocrine, Good Health and Well Being, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Fasting, Glucose, Humans, Insulin, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (U.S.), Nerve Tissue Proteins, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Precision Medicine, Receptors, Immunologic, United States, Biological sciences, Biomedical and clinical sciences
Abstract

The genetic determinants of fasting glucose (FG) and fasting insulin (FI) have been studied mostly through genome arrays, resulting in over 100 associated variants. We extended this work with high-coverage whole genome sequencing analyses from fifteen cohorts in NHLBI's Trans-Omics for Precision Medicine (TOPMed) program. Over 23,000 non-diabetic individuals from five race-ethnicities/populations (African, Asian, European, Hispanic and Samoan) were included. Eight variants were significantly associated with FG or FI across previously identified regions MTNR1B, G6PC2, GCK, GCKR and FOXA2. We additionally characterize suggestive associations with FG or FI near previously identified SLC30A8, TCF7L2, and ADCY5 regions as well as APOB, PTPRT, and ROBO1. Functional annotation resources including the Diabetes Epigenome Atlas were compiled for each signal (chromatin states, annotation principal components, and others) to elucidate variant-to-function hypotheses. We provide a catalog of nucleotide-resolution genomic variation spanning intergenic and intronic regions creating a foundation for future sequencing-based investigations of glycemic traits.

Published
2022

3. Chromosome Xq23 is associated with lower atherogenic lipid concentrations and favorable cardiometabolic indices.

Author

Natarajan, Pradeep, Pampana, Akhil, Graham, Sarah E, Ruotsalainen, Sanni E, Perry, James A, de Vries, Paul S, Broome, Jai G, Pirruccello, James P, Honigberg, Michael C, Aragam, Krishna, Wolford, Brooke, Brody, Jennifer A, Antonacci-Fulton, Lucinda, Arden, Moscati, Aslibekyan, Stella, Assimes, Themistocles L, Ballantyne, Christie M, Bielak, Lawrence F, Bis, Joshua C, Cade, Brian E, Do, Ron, Doddapaneni, Harsha, Emery, Leslie S, Hung, Yi-Jen, Irvin, Marguerite R, Khan, Alyna T, Lange, Leslie, Lee, Jiwon, Lemaitre, Rozenn N, Martin, Lisa W, Metcalf, Ginger, Montasser, May E, Moon, Jee-Young, Muzny, Donna, O'Connell, Jeffrey R, Palmer, Nicholette D, Peralta, Juan M, Peyser, Patricia A, Stilp, Adrienne M, Tsai, Michael, Wang, Fei Fei, Weeks, Daniel E, Yanek, Lisa R, Wilson, James G, Abecasis, Goncalo, Arnett, Donna K, Becker, Lewis C, Blangero, John, Boerwinkle, Eric, Bowden, Donald W, Chang, Yi-Cheng, Chen, Yii-Der I, Choi, Won Jung, Correa, Adolfo, Curran, Joanne E, Daly, Mark J, Dutcher, Susan K, Ellinor, Patrick T, Fornage, Myriam, Freedman, Barry I, Gabriel, Stacey, Germer, Soren, Gibbs, Richard A, He, Jiang, Hveem, Kristian, Jarvik, Gail P, Kaplan, Robert C, Kardia, Sharon LR, Kenny, Eimear, Kim, Ryan W, Kooperberg, Charles, Laurie, Cathy C, Lee, Seonwook, Lloyd-Jones, Don M, Loos, Ruth JF, Lubitz, Steven A, Mathias, Rasika A, Martinez, Karine A Viaud, McGarvey, Stephen T, Mitchell, Braxton D, Nickerson, Deborah A, North, Kari E, Palotie, Aarno, Park, Cheol Joo, Psaty, Bruce M, Rao, DC, Redline, Susan, Reiner, Alexander P, Seo, Daekwan, Seo, Jeong-Sun, Smith, Albert V, Tracy, Russell P, Vasan, Ramachandran S, Kathiresan, Sekar, Cupples, L Adrienne, Rotter, Jerome I, Morrison, Alanna C, Rich, Stephen S, Ripatti, Samuli, and Willer, Cristen

Subjects
NHLBI Trans-Omics for Precision Medicine (TOPMed) Consortium, FinnGen, Subcutaneous Tissue, Chromosomes, Human, X, Humans, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Lipids, Eye Proteins, Nerve Tissue Proteins, Gene Expression Regulation, Genotype, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Middle Aged, Female, Male, Genetic Loci, Genetic Association Studies, Whole Genome Sequencing, Phenomics, Cardiometabolic Risk Factors, Chromosomes, Human, X, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
Abstract

Autosomal genetic analyses of blood lipids have yielded key insights for coronary heart disease (CHD). However, X chromosome genetic variation is understudied for blood lipids in large sample sizes. We now analyze genetic and blood lipid data in a high-coverage whole X chromosome sequencing study of 65,322 multi-ancestry participants and perform replication among 456,893 European participants. Common alleles on chromosome Xq23 are strongly associated with reduced total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and triglycerides (min P = 8.5 × 10-72), with similar effects for males and females. Chromosome Xq23 lipid-lowering alleles are associated with reduced odds for CHD among 42,545 cases and 591,247 controls (P = 1.7 × 10-4), and reduced odds for diabetes mellitus type 2 among 54,095 cases and 573,885 controls (P = 1.4 × 10-5). Although we observe an association with increased BMI, waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for BMI is reduced, bioimpedance analyses indicate increased gluteofemoral fat, and abdominal MRI analyses indicate reduced visceral adiposity. Co-localization analyses strongly correlate increased CHRDL1 gene expression, particularly in adipose tissue, with reduced concentrations of blood lipids.

Published
2021

4. Allelic Heterogeneity at the CRP Locus Identified by Whole-Genome Sequencing in Multi-ancestry Cohorts

Author

Raffield, Laura M, Iyengar, Apoorva K, Wang, Biqi, Gaynor, Sheila M, Spracklen, Cassandra N, Zhong, Xue, Kowalski, Madeline H, Salimi, Shabnam, Polfus, Linda M, Benjamin, Emelia J, Bis, Joshua C, Bowler, Russell, Cade, Brian E, Choi, Won Jung, Comellas, Alejandro P, Correa, Adolfo, Cruz, Pedro, Doddapaneni, Harsha, Durda, Peter, Gogarten, Stephanie M, Jain, Deepti, Kim, Ryan W, Kral, Brian G, Lange, Leslie A, Larson, Martin G, Laurie, Cecelia, Lee, Jiwon, Lee, Seonwook, Lewis, Joshua P, Metcalf, Ginger A, Mitchell, Braxton D, Momin, Zeineen, Muzny, Donna M, Pankratz, Nathan, Park, Cheol Joo, Rich, Stephen S, Rotter, Jerome I, Ryan, Kathleen, Seo, Daekwan, Tracy, Russell P, Viaud-Martinez, Karine A, Yanek, Lisa R, Zhao, Lue Ping, Lin, Xihong, Li, Bingshan, Li, Yun, Dupuis, Josée, Reiner, Alexander P, Mohlke, Karen L, Auer, Paul L, Group, TOPMed Inflammation Working, and Consortium, NHLBI Trans-Omics for Precision Medicine

Subjects
Human Genome, Clinical Research, Biotechnology, Genetics, Aetiology, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Good Health and Well Being, Asian People, Black People, C-Reactive Protein, Cohort Studies, Gene Frequency, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Genome-Wide Association Study, Humans, Linkage Disequilibrium, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, White People, Whole Genome Sequencing, TOPMed Inflammation Working Group, NHLBI Trans-Omics for Precision Medicine (TOPMed) Consortium, c-reactive protein, whole-genome sequencing, Biological Sciences, Medical and Health Sciences, Genetics & Heredity
Abstract

Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) can improve assessment of low-frequency and rare variants, particularly in non-European populations that have been underrepresented in existing genomic studies. The genetic determinants of C-reactive protein (CRP), a biomarker of chronic inflammation, have been extensively studied, with existing genome-wide association studies (GWASs) conducted in >200,000 individuals of European ancestry. In order to discover novel loci associated with CRP levels, we examined a multi-ancestry population (n = 23,279) with WGS (∼38× coverage) from the Trans-Omics for Precision Medicine (TOPMed) program. We found evidence for eight distinct associations at the CRP locus, including two variants that have not been identified previously (rs11265259 and rs181704186), both of which are non-coding and more common in individuals of African ancestry (∼10% and ∼1% minor allele frequency, respectively, and rare or monomorphic in 1000 Genomes populations of East Asian, South Asian, and European ancestry). We show that the minor (G) allele of rs181704186 is associated with lower CRP levels and decreased transcriptional activity and protein binding in vitro, providing a plausible molecular mechanism for this African ancestry-specific signal. The individuals homozygous for rs181704186-G have a mean CRP level of 0.23 mg/L, in contrast to individuals heterozygous for rs181704186 with mean CRP of 2.97 mg/L and major allele homozygotes with mean CRP of 4.11 mg/L. This study demonstrates the utility of WGS in multi-ethnic populations to drive discovery of complex trait associations of large effect and to identify functional alleles in noncoding regulatory regions.

Published
2020

6. Parabacteroides faecalis sp. nov. Isolated from Swine Faeces

Author

Bak, Jeong Eun, Oh, Byeong Seob, Ryu, Seoung Woo, Yu, Seung Yeob, Choi, Won Jung, Kim, Ji-Sun, Lee, Jung-Sook, Park, Seung-Hwan, Kang, Se Won, Lee, Jiyoung, Lee, Mi-Kyung, Yun, Chan Seok, Jung, Won Yong, Kim, Jo Eun, Cho, Eun Seok, Kim, Hyeun Bum, Kim, Jae-Kyung, Lee, Ju-Hoon, and Lee, Ju Huck

Published
2023
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20. Rare coding variants in 35 genes associate with circulating lipid levels - A multi-ancestry analysis of 170,000 exomes

Author

Hindy, George, Dornbos, Peter, Chaffin, Mark D., Liu, Dajiang J., Wang, Minxian, Selvaraj, Margaret Sunitha, Zhang, David, Park, Joseph, Aguilar-Salinas, Carlos A., Antonacci-Fulton, Lucinda, Ardissino, Diego, Arnett, Donna K., Aslibekyan, Stella, Atzmon, Gil, Ballantyne, Christie M., Barajas-Olmos, Francisco, Barzilai, Nir, Becker, Lewis C., Bielak, Lawrence F., Bis, Joshua C., Blangero, John, Boerwinkle, Eric, Bonnycastle, Lori L., Bottinger, Erwin, Bowden, Donald W., Bown, Matthew J., Brody, Jennifer A., Broome, Jai G., Burtt, Noël P., Cade, Brian E., Centeno-Cruz, Federico, Chan, Edmund, Chang, Yi Cheng, Chen, Yii Der I., Cheng, Ching Yu, Choi, Won Jung, Chowdhury, Rajiv, Contreras-Cubas, Cecilia, Córdova, Emilio J., Correa, Adolfo, Cupples, L. Adrienne, Curran, Joanne E., Danesh, John, de Vries, Paul S., Grarup, Niels, Hansen, Torben, Linneberg, Allan, Loos, Ruth J.F., Pedersen, Oluf, Witte, Daniel R., Hindy, George, Dornbos, Peter, Chaffin, Mark D., Liu, Dajiang J., Wang, Minxian, Selvaraj, Margaret Sunitha, Zhang, David, Park, Joseph, Aguilar-Salinas, Carlos A., Antonacci-Fulton, Lucinda, Ardissino, Diego, Arnett, Donna K., Aslibekyan, Stella, Atzmon, Gil, Ballantyne, Christie M., Barajas-Olmos, Francisco, Barzilai, Nir, Becker, Lewis C., Bielak, Lawrence F., Bis, Joshua C., Blangero, John, Boerwinkle, Eric, Bonnycastle, Lori L., Bottinger, Erwin, Bowden, Donald W., Bown, Matthew J., Brody, Jennifer A., Broome, Jai G., Burtt, Noël P., Cade, Brian E., Centeno-Cruz, Federico, Chan, Edmund, Chang, Yi Cheng, Chen, Yii Der I., Cheng, Ching Yu, Choi, Won Jung, Chowdhury, Rajiv, Contreras-Cubas, Cecilia, Córdova, Emilio J., Correa, Adolfo, Cupples, L. Adrienne, Curran, Joanne E., Danesh, John, de Vries, Paul S., Grarup, Niels, Hansen, Torben, Linneberg, Allan, Loos, Ruth J.F., Pedersen, Oluf, and Witte, Daniel R.

Abstract

Large-scale gene sequencing studies for complex traits have the potential to identify causal genes with therapeutic implications. We performed gene-based association testing of blood lipid levels with rare (minor allele frequency < 1%) predicted damaging coding variation by using sequence data from >170,000 individuals from multiple ancestries: 97,493 European, 30,025 South Asian, 16,507 African, 16,440 Hispanic/Latino, 10,420 East Asian, and 1,182 Samoan. We identified 35 genes associated with circulating lipid levels; some of these genes have not been previously associated with lipid levels when using rare coding variation from population-based samples. We prioritize 32 genes in array-based genome-wide association study (GWAS) loci based on aggregations of rare coding variants; three (EVI5, SH2B3, and PLIN1) had no prior association of rare coding variants with lipid levels. Most of our associated genes showed evidence of association among multiple ancestries. Finally, we observed an enrichment of gene-based associations for low-density lipoprotein cholesterol drug target genes and for genes closest to GWAS index single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Our results demonstrate that gene-based associations can be beneficial for drug target development and provide evidence that the gene closest to the array-based GWAS index SNP is often the functional gene for blood lipid levels.

Published
2022

21. Rare coding variants in 35 genes associate with circulating lipid levels—A multi-ancestry analysis of 170,000 exomes

Author

Hindy, George, primary, Dornbos, Peter, additional, Chaffin, Mark D., additional, Liu, Dajiang J., additional, Wang, Minxian, additional, Selvaraj, Margaret Sunitha, additional, Zhang, David, additional, Park, Joseph, additional, Aguilar-Salinas, Carlos A., additional, Antonacci-Fulton, Lucinda, additional, Ardissino, Diego, additional, Arnett, Donna K., additional, Aslibekyan, Stella, additional, Atzmon, Gil, additional, Ballantyne, Christie M., additional, Barajas-Olmos, Francisco, additional, Barzilai, Nir, additional, Becker, Lewis C., additional, Bielak, Lawrence F., additional, Bis, Joshua C., additional, Blangero, John, additional, Boerwinkle, Eric, additional, Bonnycastle, Lori L., additional, Bottinger, Erwin, additional, Bowden, Donald W., additional, Bown, Matthew J., additional, Brody, Jennifer A., additional, Broome, Jai G., additional, Burtt, Noël P., additional, Cade, Brian E., additional, Centeno-Cruz, Federico, additional, Chan, Edmund, additional, Chang, Yi-Cheng, additional, Chen, Yii-Der I., additional, Cheng, Ching-Yu, additional, Choi, Won Jung, additional, Chowdhury, Rajiv, additional, Contreras-Cubas, Cecilia, additional, Córdova, Emilio J., additional, Correa, Adolfo, additional, Cupples, L. Adrienne, additional, Curran, Joanne E., additional, Danesh, John, additional, de Vries, Paul S., additional, DeFronzo, Ralph A., additional, Doddapaneni, Harsha, additional, Duggirala, Ravindranath, additional, Dutcher, Susan K., additional, Ellinor, Patrick T., additional, Emery, Leslie S., additional, Florez, Jose C., additional, Fornage, Myriam, additional, Freedman, Barry I., additional, Fuster, Valentin, additional, Garay-Sevilla, Ma. Eugenia, additional, García-Ortiz, Humberto, additional, Germer, Soren, additional, Gibbs, Richard A., additional, Gieger, Christian, additional, Glaser, Benjamin, additional, Gonzalez, Clicerio, additional, Gonzalez-Villalpando, Maria Elena, additional, Graff, Mariaelisa, additional, Graham, Sarah E., additional, Grarup, Niels, additional, Groop, Leif C., additional, Guo, Xiuqing, additional, Gupta, Namrata, additional, Han, Sohee, additional, Hanis, Craig L., additional, Hansen, Torben, additional, He, Jiang, additional, Heard-Costa, Nancy L., additional, Hung, Yi-Jen, additional, Hwang, Mi Yeong, additional, Irvin, Marguerite R., additional, Islas-Andrade, Sergio, additional, Jarvik, Gail P., additional, Kang, Hyun Min, additional, Kardia, Sharon L.R., additional, Kelly, Tanika, additional, Kenny, Eimear E., additional, Khan, Alyna T., additional, Kim, Bong-Jo, additional, Kim, Ryan W., additional, Kim, Young Jin, additional, Koistinen, Heikki A., additional, Kooperberg, Charles, additional, Kuusisto, Johanna, additional, Kwak, Soo Heon, additional, Laakso, Markku, additional, Lange, Leslie A., additional, Lee, Jiwon, additional, Lee, Juyoung, additional, Lee, Seonwook, additional, Lehman, Donna M., additional, Lemaitre, Rozenn N., additional, Linneberg, Allan, additional, Liu, Jianjun, additional, Loos, Ruth J.F., additional, Lubitz, Steven A., additional, Lyssenko, Valeriya, additional, Ma, Ronald C.W., additional, Martin, Lisa Warsinger, additional, Martínez-Hernández, Angélica, additional, Mathias, Rasika A., additional, McGarvey, Stephen T., additional, McPherson, Ruth, additional, Meigs, James B., additional, Meitinger, Thomas, additional, Melander, Olle, additional, Mendoza-Caamal, Elvia, additional, Metcalf, Ginger A., additional, Mi, Xuenan, additional, Mohlke, Karen L., additional, Montasser, May E., additional, Moon, Jee-Young, additional, Moreno-Macías, Hortensia, additional, Morrison, Alanna C., additional, Muzny, Donna M., additional, Nelson, Sarah C., additional, Nilsson, Peter M., additional, O’Connell, Jeffrey R., additional, Orho-Melander, Marju, additional, Orozco, Lorena, additional, Palmer, Colin N.A., additional, Palmer, Nicholette D., additional, Park, Cheol Joo, additional, Park, Kyong Soo, additional, Pedersen, Oluf, additional, Peralta, Juan M., additional, Peyser, Patricia A., additional, Post, Wendy S., additional, Preuss, Michael, additional, Psaty, Bruce M., additional, Qi, Qibin, additional, Rao, D.C., additional, Redline, Susan, additional, Reiner, Alexander P., additional, Revilla-Monsalve, Cristina, additional, Rich, Stephen S., additional, Samani, Nilesh, additional, Schunkert, Heribert, additional, Schurmann, Claudia, additional, Seo, Daekwan, additional, Seo, Jeong-Sun, additional, Sim, Xueling, additional, Sladek, Rob, additional, Small, Kerrin S., additional, So, Wing Yee, additional, Stilp, Adrienne M., additional, Tai, E. Shyong, additional, Tam, Claudia H.T., additional, Taylor, Kent D., additional, Teo, Yik Ying, additional, Thameem, Farook, additional, Tomlinson, Brian, additional, Tsai, Michael Y., additional, Tuomi, Tiinamaija, additional, Tuomilehto, Jaakko, additional, Tusié-Luna, Teresa, additional, Udler, Miriam S., additional, van Dam, Rob M., additional, Vasan, Ramachandran S., additional, Viaud Martinez, Karine A., additional, Wang, Fei Fei, additional, Wang, Xuzhi, additional, Watkins, Hugh, additional, Weeks, Daniel E., additional, Wilson, James G., additional, Witte, Daniel R., additional, Wong, Tien-Yin, additional, Yanek, Lisa R., additional, Kathiresan, Sekar, additional, Rader, Daniel J., additional, Rotter, Jerome I., additional, Boehnke, Michael, additional, McCarthy, Mark I., additional, Willer, Cristen J., additional, Natarajan, Pradeep, additional, Flannick, Jason A., additional, Khera, Amit V., additional, and Peloso, Gina M., additional

Published
2022
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23. Cell-Free Supernatant of Odoribacter splanchnicus Isolated From Human Feces Exhibits Anti-colorectal Cancer Activity

Author

Oh, Byeong Seob, primary, Choi, Won Jung, additional, Kim, Ji-Sun, additional, Ryu, Seoung Woo, additional, Yu, Seung Yeob, additional, Lee, Jung-Sook, additional, Park, Seung-Hwan, additional, Kang, Se Won, additional, Lee, Jiyoung, additional, Jung, Won Yong, additional, Kim, Young-Min, additional, Jeong, Jae-Ho, additional, and Lee, Ju Huck, additional

Published
2021
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27. The Serum Uric Acid Level Is Related to the More Severe Renal Histopathology of Female IgA Nephropathy Patients

Author

Choi, Won Jung, primary, Hong, Yu A, additional, Min, Ji Won, additional, Koh, Eun Sil, additional, Kim, Hyung Duk, additional, Ban, Tae Hyun, additional, Kim, Young Soo, additional, Kim, Yong Kyun, additional, Shin, Seok Joon, additional, Kim, Seok Young, additional, Kim, Young Ok, additional, Yang, Chul Woo, additional, and Chang, Yoon-Kyung, additional

Published
2021
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29. The Impact of Obesity on the Severity of Clinicopathologic Parameters in Patients with IgA Nephropathy

Author

Hong, Yu Ah, primary, Min, Ji Won, additional, Ha, Myung Ah, additional, Koh, Eun Sil, additional, Kim, Hyung Duk, additional, Ban, Tae Hyun, additional, Kim, Young Soo, additional, Kim, Yong Kyun, additional, Kim, Dongryul, additional, Shin, Seok Joon, additional, Choi, Won Jung, additional, Chang, Yoon Kyung, additional, Kim, Suk Young, additional, Park, Cheol Whee, additional, Kim, Young Ok, additional, Yang, Chul Woo, additional, and Yoon, Hye Eun, additional

Published
2020
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31. Real-time detection system for tumor localization during minimally invasive surgery for gastric and colon cancer removal: In vivo feasibility study in a swine model

Author

Yong Keun Song, Ahn Jin Woo, Jae Seok Min, Lee Sang-Hun, Choi Won Jung, Hachul Jung, Jin-Hee Moon, and Lee Seung A

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Swine, Colorectal cancer, medicine.medical_treatment, Palpation, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Computer Systems, Stomach Neoplasms, medicine, Animals, Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures, Radio-frequency identification, CLIPS, Colectomy, computer.programming_language, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Stomach, General Medicine, medicine.disease, Early Gastric Cancer, Surgery, Radio Frequency Identification Device, Disease Models, Animal, Treatment Outcome, medicine.anatomical_structure, Oncology, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Colonic Neoplasms, Feasibility Studies, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, Gastrectomy, Radiology, business, computer, Algorithms
Abstract

Background and objectives During minimally invasive surgery (MIS), it is impossible to directly detect marked clips around tumors via palpation. Therefore, we developed a novel method and device using Radio Frequency IDentification (RFID) technology to detect the position of clips during minimally invasive gastrectomy or colectomy. Methods The feasibility of the RFID-based detection system was evaluated in an animal experiment consisting of seven swine. The primary outcome was to successfully detect the location of RFID clips in the stomach and colon. The secondary outcome measures were to detect time (time during the intracorporeal detection of the RFID clip), and accuracy (distance between the RFID clip and the detected site). Results A total of 25 detection attempts (14 in the stomach and 11 in the colon) using the RFID antenna had a 100% success rate. The median detection time was 32.5 s (range, 15-119 s) for the stomach and 28.0 s (range, 8-87 s) for the colon. The median detection distance was 6.5 mm (range, 4-18 mm) for the stomach and 6.0 mm (range, 3-13 mm) for the colon. Conclusions We demonstrated favorable results for a RFID system that detects the position of gastric and colon tumors in real-time during MIS.

Published
2017

32. An advanced RFID-based system to localize gastric and colon cancers during laparoscopic surgery

Author

Ahn Jin Woo, Young Jin Kim, Lee Kang Moo, Jae Seok Min, Yoon Song Woo, and Choi Won Jung

Subjects
Laparoscopic surgery, medicine.medical_specialty, Time Factors, Colorectal cancer, Swine, medicine.medical_treatment, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Stomach Neoplasms, medicine, Endoscopic clipping, Animals, CLIPS, Simulation Training, computer.programming_language, Clipping (audio), business.industry, Stomach, Equipment Design, medicine.disease, Surgical Instruments, Endoclip, Radio Frequency Identification Device, medicine.anatomical_structure, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Colonic Neoplasms, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, Surgery, Laparoscopy, Radiology, business, Colorectal Neoplasms, computer, Algorithms, Abdominal surgery
Abstract

We aimed to improve the tumor localization system using radiofrequency identification (RFID) technology used during laparoscopic surgery for gastric and colorectal cancer. To this end, we developed a detection algorithm and designed improvement for the RFID clip. To evaluate the proposed system, a swine-based animal study was conducted, followed by experiments on porcine stomachs and colons using the EASIE-R simulator. The success rates of endoscopic clipping, detection time, and detection accuracy, which is the distance between the detection point and RFID tag, were measured. Results of the in vivo swine animal study showed success in all three clippings and detections of the RFID clips. Results of the 60 RFID endoclip attempts using the EASIE-R simulator showed a total clipping success rate of 85.0% (n = 51/60; stomach, 83.3%, n = 25/30; colon, 86.7%, n = 26/30). The median detection times were 29.2 s for the stomach and 25.5 s for the colon. The median detection accuracy was 4.0 mm for the stomach and 4.5 mm for the colon. We confirmed that the proposed RFID-based system showed improvements over the system of a previous study. This RFID-based system is effective at localizing gastric and colorectal tumors.

Published
2019

33. Thermal isomerizations of substituted benzyl isocyanides: relative rates controlled entirely by differences in entropies of activation

Author

Kim, Sung Soo, Choi, Won Jung, Zhu, Yu, and Kim, Jin Hyun

Subjects
Isomerization -- Research, Isocyanates -- Research, Biological sciences, Chemistry
Abstract

Substituted benzyl isocyanides were made to undergo thermal rearrangements at 170 and 230 degrees Celsius. The rate of rearrangement was quantified and was found to be independent of temperature. Further, the rearrangement shows exceptional Hammett correlations. Activation parameters and their differential counterparts were also determined. The difference in the thermal rearrangement rates of substituted isocyanides is due to the entropic contributions of the substituents.

Published
1998

34. Cell-Free Supernatant Odoribacter splanchnicus Isolated From Human Feces Exhibits Anti-colorectal Cancer Activity.

Author

Oh, Byeong Seob, Choi, Won Jung, Kim, Ji-Sun, Ryu, Seoung Woo, Yu, Seung Yeob, Lee, Jung-Sook, Park, Seung-Hwan, Kang, Se Won, Lee, Jiyoung, Jung, Won Yong, Kim, Young-Min, Jeong, Jae-Ho, and Lee, Ju Huck

Subjects
COLORECTAL cancer, LABORATORY mice, FECES, COLON cancer, GUT microbiome, CANCER cells, PROBIOTICS
Abstract

The gut microbiota (GM) has been shown to be closely associated with the development of colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the involvement of GM is CRC has mainly been demonstrated by metagenomic profiling studies showing the compositional difference between the GM of healthy individuals and that of CRC patients and not by directly studying isolated gut microbes. Thus, to discover novel gut microbes involved in CRC, we isolated the GM from the feces of healthy individuals and evaluated its anti-CRC activity in vitro and in vivo. After GM isolation, cell-free supernatants (CFSs) were prepared from the isolated gut microorganisms to efficiently screen a large amount of the GM for anti-proliferative ability in vitro. Our results showed that the CFSs of 21 GM isolates had anti-proliferative activity against human colon cancer HCT 116 cells. Of these 21 GM isolates, GM07 was chosen for additional study because it had the highest anti-cancer activity against mouse colon cancer CT 26 cells in vitro and was further evaluated in a CT 26 allograft mouse model in vivo. GM07 was identified as Odoribacter splanchnicus through phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Further investigation determined that the CFS of O. splanchnicus (OsCFS) induced anti-proliferative activity via apoptosis, but not cell cycle arrest. Moreover, GC/MS analysis suggested that the putative active molecule in OsCFS is malic acid. Finally, in the CRC mouse model, peri-tumoral injection of OsCFS significantly decreased CRC formation, compared to the control group. Altogether, these findings will provide valuable information for the discovery of potential probiotic candidates that inhibit CRC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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37. Incidence and mortality of hip fracture among the elderly population in South Korea: a population-based study using the National Health Insurance claims data

Author

Choi Won-Jung, Moon Seong-hwan, Kim Yoon, Yang Kyu-hyeon, Kang Hye-Young, Kang Dae, and Park Seong

Subjects
Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

Abstract Background The lack of epidemiologic information on osteoporotic hip fractures hampers the development of preventive or curative measures against osteoporosis in South Korea. We conducted a population-based study to estimate the annual incidence of hip fractures. Also, we examined factors associated with post-fracture mortality among Korean elderly to evaluate the impact of osteoporosis on our society and to identify high-risk populations. Methods The Korean National Health Insurance (NHI) claims database was used to identify the incidence of hip fractures, defined as patients having a claim record with a diagnosis of hip fracture and a hip fracture-related operation during 2003. The 6-month period prior to 2003 was set as a 'window period,' such that patients were defined as incident cases only if their first record of fracture was observed after the window period. Cox's proportional hazards model was used to investigate the relationship between survival time and baseline patient and provider characteristics available from the NHI data. Results The age-standardized annual incidence rate of hip fractures requiring operation over 50 years of age was 146.38 per 100,000 women and 61.72 per 100,000 men, yielding a female to male ratio of 2.37. The 1-year mortality was 16.55%, which is 2.85 times higher than the mortality rate for the general population (5.8%) in this age group. The risk of post-fracture mortality at one year is significantly higher for males and for persons having lower socioeconomic status, living in places other than the capital city, not taking anti-osteoporosis pharmacologic therapy following fracture, or receiving fracture-associated operations from more advanced hospitals such as general or tertiary hospitals. Conclusion This national epidemiological study will help raise awareness of osteoporotic hip fractures among the elderly population and hopefully motivate public health policy makers to develop effective national prevention strategies against osteoporosis to prevent hip fractures.

Published
2010
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42. Comparing the Effectiveness and Safety of the Addition of and Switching to Aripiprazole for Resolving Antipsychotic-Induced Hyperprolactinemia: A Multicenter, Open-Label, Prospective Study

Author

Yoon, Hui Woo, primary, Lee, Jung Suk, additional, Park, Sang Jin, additional, Lee, Seon-Koo, additional, Choi, Won-Jung, additional, Kim, Tae Yong, additional, Hong, Chang Hyung, additional, Seok, Jeong-Ho, additional, Park, Il-Ho, additional, Son, Sang Joon, additional, Roh, Daeyoung, additional, Kim, Bo-Ra, additional, and Lee, Byung Ook, additional

Published
2016
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