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Extensive rearing systems enable higher occurrence of helminths, which is a hindrance in poultry farming, significantly affecting productivity. A survey was conducted to determine the prevalence of gastrointestinal helminths in chickens reared in extensive system in the city of Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil between December 2017 to September 2018. A total of 5579 specimens were recovered from the gastrointestinal tracts of most animals (81.55% of prevalence). Of the positive birds, only 41.67% had mixed infections, and of these, more than 90% were nematodes and cestodes co-infections. Three nematodes (Ascaridia galli, Heterakis gallinarum, Capillaria sp.), seven cestodes (Raillietina tetragona, R. echinobothrida, R. cesticillus, Choanotaenia infundibulum, Hymenolepis cantaniana, H. carioca and Davainea proglottina) and two trematodes (Postharmostomum commutatum and Echinostoma sp.) species were identified. The most dominant helminth species was H. gallinarum (60.19%), which also presented higher average intensity (35.46 ± 0.65) and abundance (21.34 ± 3.01) among all recovered species. The tapeworm species correspond to 42.23% of prevalence and the trematodes correspond to only 3.40%. Despite the scarcity of data in the Brazilian literature on poultry helminths reared in extensive systems, regional parasitological surveys are important. It is expected that these results will contribute to the adoption of prophylactic measures and alternative control strategies in order to reduce the risk of helminth infection in poultry Os sistemas de criação extensivos permitem maior ocorrência de helmintos, o que é um entrave na avicultura, afetando significativamente a produtividade. Um levantamento foi realizado para determinar a prevalência de helmintos gastrointestinais em frangos criados em sistema extensivo na cidade de Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brasil, entre dezembro de 2017 a setembro de 2018. Um total de 5.579 espécimes foram recuperados do trato gastrointestinal da maioria dos animais (81,55% de prevalência). Das aves positivas, apenas 41,67% tiveram infecções mistas e, destas, mais de 90% foram coinfecções por nematóides e cestóides. Três espécies de nematoides (Ascaridia galli, Heterakis gallinarum, Capillaria sp), sete de cestóides (Raillietina tetragona, R. echinobothrida, R. cesticillus, Choanotaenia infundibulum, Hymenolepis cantaniana, H. carioca and Davainea proglottina) e dois trematódeos (Postharmostomum commutatum and Echinostoma sp.) foram identificadas. A espécie de helmintos mais dominante foi Heterakis gallinarum (60,19%), que também apresentou maior intensidade média (35,46 ± 0,65) e abundância (21,34 ± 3,01) entre todas as espécies recuperadas. As espécies de tênia correspondem a 42,23% da prevalência e os trematódeos correspondem a apenas 3,40%. Apesar da escassez de dados na literatura brasileira sobre helmintos avícolas criados em sistemas extensivos, levantamentos parasitológicos regionais são importantes. Espera-se que esses resultados contribuam para a adoção de medidas profiláticas e estratégias alternativas de controle, a fim de reduzir o risco de infecção por helmintos em aves.

Enteric parasites of migratory quails (Coturnix coturnix) were investigated in Matrouh governorate, Egypt. One hundred and ninety birds were trapped and submitted for examination. The overall prevalence of the enteric parasites in the migratory quails was (75.26%). Eight parasites (two protozoans, two nematodes and four cestodes) were recovered. The recovered protozoan parasites were Eimeria spp. (42.1%), Cryptosporidium spp. (10.52%). The detected nematodes were Subulura brumpti (1.05%) and Dispharynx nasauta (1.57%). While, the detected cestodes were Choanotaenia infundibulum (10.52%), Raillietina tetragona (3.68%), Raillietina echinobothrida (0.5%) and Triaenorhina rectangula (5.26%). The detected Eimeria species were identified as Eimeria bateri and Eimeria uzura.

2 Abstract: A study was carried out on 144 local chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus), from rural area of El-Tarf to determine the prevalence of cestode parasites in the intestinal tract of the chickens. The overall prevalence rate was 88.19%, in the El-Tarf poultry. At least one species of cestodes was found on every chicken examined. Seven species of cestodes were identified in all; they had the following prevalences: Raillietina echinobothrida (83.33%), Raillietina tetragona (68.75%), Raillietina cesticillus (29.16%), Hymenolepis carioca (12.5%), Choanotaenia infundibulum (11.8%), Davainea proglottina (11.11%) and Amoebotaenia cuneata (4.16%). This study showed that there was no significant difference (p>0.05) between the prevalence of cestodes in relation to age and sex.

The present study aimed to identify the tapeworms that parasitize the rock dove Columba livia palastinae and domestic chicken Gallus gallus domesticus in Taif governorate, Saudi Arabia. A total of 115 rock doves and 105 domestic chicken have been examined. Birds were brought in from the wells and farms inside and outside the city of Taif. In rock doves, the percentage of infection was recorded as Cotugnia digonopora 5.21%, Hymenolepis carioca 10.43%, Raillietina echinobothrida 27.82%, Raillietina tetragona 22.6%. The prevalence of infection recorded in Municipal chicken with different types of tapeworms was Cotugnia digonopora 7.61%, Choanotaenia infundibulum 12.38%, Amoebotaenia sphenoides 7.61%, Raillietina echinobothrida 11.42%, Raillietina tetragona 8.57%, Raillietina (Paroniella) kashiwarensis 4.76%. The overall percentage of infected rock pigeons Columba livia palastinae with tapeworms was 66.1% while the percentage of infected chicken Gallus gallus domestica was 52.3%. The study defined and described this species as classification keys in place.

The present study was carried out on free-range backyard chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus) from April 2011 to March 2012 (10 hosts per month) to determine the prevalence, mean intensity and species diversity of cestode parasites of domestic fowl in Kashmir valley, northwest Himalayan region of India. Of the total 120 (50 male and 70 female) chickens collected from different localities of Kashmir , 103 (85.83 %) were found infected with cestode parasites. In this survey nine cestode parasites belonging to four genera were recovered from the gastrointestinal tract of infected chickens. The cestode species and their prevalence were: Raillietina tetragona (65%), R. cesticillus (22.50%), R. echinobothrida (33.33%), R. spiralis (26.66%), Choanotaenia infundibulum (18.33%), C. gondwana (10.83%), Amoebotaenia cuneata (20.00%), A. domesticus (15.00%), Davainea proglottina (18.33%).

Made available in DSpace on 2021-07-14T10:51:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2016-12-15. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2021-07-14T11:39:48Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 S1808-16572016000100233.pdf: 529930 bytes, checksum: 5d0865df9570dada2fa6d85e771f3748 (MD5) Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) O diagnóstico específico e a avaliação da intensidade da infecção helmíntica em aves são fundamentais em estudos de eficácia e determinação de doses de medicamentos direcionados ao seu controle. O presente trabalho avaliou a aplicação e adaptação da metodologia de Mello e Campos, descrita originalmente para diagnóstico parasitológico em cães, na recuperação de escólices de cestódeos parasitos de aves domésticas (Gallus domesticus ). Foram empregadas 52 aves naturalmente infectadas e oriundas de produções rurais, as quais foram submetidas à necropsia parasitológica, adaptando-se a metodologia Mello e Campos. O método consistiu na realização de quatro etapas: conteúdo, imersão, raspado e avaliação. O número de escólices recuperadas por ave variou de 1 a 4.345, e o maior número de escólices foi recuperado do material oriundo da etapa de imersão. As espécies de cestódeos identificadas foram Amoebotaenia cuneata , Choanotaenia infundibulum , Hymenolepis sp., Raillietina tetragona , Raillietina echinobothrida e Raillietina cesticillus . Os resultados foram avaliados estatisticamente, concluindo-se que a metodologia adotada é eficaz para a recuperação de cestódeos de aves, uma vez que possui a etapa de imersão, que permite a recuperação mais eficiente de escólices. The specific diagnosis and evaluation of the intensity of avian helminth infections are essential for efficacy studies and the determination of drug doses targeted to their control. This study evaluated the Mello and Campos method, originally described for parasitological diagnosis in dogs, in the recovery of scolices from cestode parasites of poultry (Gallus domesticus ). A total of 52 naturally infected birds obtained from farms underwent parasitological necropsy using the Mello and Campos method. The method consisted of four steps: content, soaking, scraping and evaluation. The number of scolices recovered per bird ranged from 1 to 4,345, and the highest number of scolices was recovered from material derived from the soaking step. The cestodes species diagnosed were Amoebotaenia cuneata , Choanotaenia infundibulum , Hymenolepis sp., Raillietina tetragona , Raillietina echinobothrida and Raillietina cesticillus . The Mello and Campos method, originally used to test for helminths in dogs, was effective in avian cestode testing because it includes a soaking step, which enables a more efficient recovery of scolices. Instituto Biológico, Laboratório de Parasitologia Animal Instituto Agronômico de Campinas Universidade Camilo Castelo Branco Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, School of Veterinary Medicine Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, School of Veterinary Medicine FAPESP: 2012/18929-3; 2013/03599-0; 2014/04097-1

One hundred and thirty-seven California quail (Lophortyx californicus) were collected from the Okanagan Valley of British Columbia and examined for helminth parasites during the summers of 1965 and 1966. The following helminth species were found parasitizing California quail from four study areas: two cestodes, Rhabdometra odiosa and Choanotaenia infundibulum, and one nematode, Acuaria spinosa.R. odiosa was recovered from quail from all areas; the other two species were less common and more restricted in distribution. The frequency of infection for R. odiosa was 53.8% in adult quail and 45.8% in juvenile quail. Intensity of infection for R. odiosa was 13.5 specimens from adult and 22.4 from juvenile quail. For C. infundibulum the frequency was 1.5% from adult and 9.7% from juvenile quail; intensity was 2 and 1.7 specimens from adult and juvenile quail respectively. A. spinosa was recovered from three adult quail in 1965; none were found in 1966. Neither C. infundibulum nor A. spinosa has previously been reported from California quail.

INFORMATION is limited on helminth parasites infecting chickens and turkeys in Kansas Ackert (1927) reported a 66% incidence of Heterakis gallinarum in mature chickens. Ferry (1934) reported the tapeworms Raillietina cesticillus, Hymenolepis carioca, R. tetragona, R. echinobothrida Amoebotaenia sphenoides, and Choanotaenia infundibulum from a survey of 50 chickens in Douglas county. Morehouse (1944) reported Capillaria caudinflata from chickens in Brown and Miami counties. Ackert (1956) reported that in an earlier survey of 1000 chickens from the vicinity of Manhattan 49% were infected with Ascaridia galli. Kerr (1958) reported Ascaridia dissimilis from turkeys. Surveys of poultry parasites have been made in the United States by Guberlet (1916, Nebraska), Adams et al. (1933, Texas), Wehr (1937, Washington, D. C.), Koutz (1949, Ohio), Todd (1948, Tennessee), Edgar (1953, Alabama), and Reid (1958, Georgia). Data from these different areas and poultry enterprises are not necessarily applicable to the poultry industry in Kansas. Accordingly, this…

DI-N-BUTYL tin dilaurate was shown by Kerr (1952) and Edgar (1956) to be an effective and safe remedy for removal of several species of tapeworms from chickens. Nevertheless, preliminary data presented in the latter publication on effectiveness of a related tin compound were such that further investigation of the taeniacidal activity of tin compounds seemed justified. Reported here are additional data on the effectiveness of 12 compounds against two species of tapeworms in experimentally infected, laboratory-reared birds. During the course of this study, considerable information was gathered on the effect of cestode infections on the growth of chickens and on the ecology and characteristics of some of the tapeworms. This latter information will be presented in another paper. MATERIALS AND METHODS Procedures for establishing experimental tapeworm infections in battery-reared chickens and for testing the efficacy of compounds against Raillietina cesticillus and Choanotaenia infundibulum were essentially the same as described in …

The health monitoring and management systems of coturniculture can be deemed to be in a developmental phase when compared to the poultry industry. Studies regarding taxonomy and parasitic biology in quails (Coturnix japonica) has not been well conducted in Brazil. Most of the information is available from the autopsy case reports, in many ways the parasitic fauna of quails is still unknown. The aim of this study was to conduct a parasitological research in quails in order to contribute to ameliorate this situation. 31 quails, which were 12 months old, were used for the study. Their carcasses and viscera were sent to the Laboratory of Entomology and Tropical Diseases, INPA, Manaus/AM. The circulatory, nervous, respiratory, digestive and reproductive systems of these were studied separately. No blood parasites were found, however, nine species of endoparasites were registered which were distributed among the classes Cestoda, Nematoda and Protozoa. The helminths were distributed in the duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum and oviduct. The cecum was found to be the most parasitized organ and contained a wide range of parasites having three species of protozoa and three species of nematodes. Six morphotypes of Eutrichomastix globosus were recorded, and some morphotypes were hyperparasitized with sporangia Sphaerita sp. in the cytoplasm. A large number of parasites were recorded in this study, as well as the protozoan Blastocystis hominis was first being observed for quail. © 2018 Colegio Brasileiro de Patologia Animal.

HORSFALL (1938) demonstrated experimentally that the adults of the common meal beetles, Tribolium castaneum and T. confusum, serve as suitable intermediate hosts for the following poultry tapeworms: Hymenolepis carioca, Choanotaenia infundibulum, and Raillietina cesticillus. The question naturally arose regarding the susceptibility of the larvae of these meal beetles to infection with the cysticercoids of various species of poultry tapeworms. Experiments were undertaken, therefore, to test this point. Three species of tapeworms, namely, Raillietina cesticillus, R. echinobothrida, and Hymenolepis carioca were used in the experiments recorded in this paper. Larvae, pupae, and adults of meal beetles, exposed to infection as larvae, were fed to chickens to determine whether the insects harbored infective cysticercoids. The results obtained in these investigations are reported in the following pages. MATERIAL AND METHODS The beetle larvae used in the experiments reported in this paper were obtained by holding adult meal beetles for several weeks in battery . . .

Parasite prevalence, intensity, and diversity in Nebraska pheasants (Phasianus colchicus) were studied during the fall of 1971. Fifty-four of 63 (86%) pheasants examined for helminths harbored at least one parasite species. Heterakis gallinarum (65% of the pheasants), Choanotaenia infundibulum (48%), Echinoparyphium recurvation (1.6%), and Zygocotyle lunata (1.6%) were recovered. Two of 15 (13%) birds examined for coccidia possessed Eimeria phasiani. None of 35 pheasants examined for hematozoa had patent infections.

CYSTICERCOIDS of various cyclophyllidean families are known to occur in small invertebrate hosts, commonly in arthropods and very occasionally in molluscs and annelids. During the course of some work on the pulmonate snail, Oxychilus cellarius (Mull) one of us noted a 3 per cent infection of the peritoneum around the digestive gland and gut with cysticercoids of what we believe to be a member of the Dilepididae, the first such record from a mollusc. The cysts numbered from one to about fifty in a single specimen and were seen in various stages of development, ranging from what we consider to be the pre-cystic stage to the fully formed, infective cysticercoid. The older cysticercoids with completely formed scolex and bladder resemble very closely the corresponding stage of another cysticercoid of the Dilepididae—that of Choanotaenia infundibulum (Bloch) described by Reid and Ackert1. A full account of these stages will be published later, but meanwhile we wish to direct attention to the earliest stage of this cysticercoid—a form which we regard as being pre-cystic and which, so far as we are aware, is unlike anything previously described.

The genus Southwellia Moghe, 1925, was established as a monobasic genus to include a species of tapeworm described as Monopylidium gallinarum by Southwell in 1921, which was collected from a domestic fowl at Berhampore, Bengal, India. Moghe, and later Meggitt, recognized the necessity of separating this species from the balance of the genus Monopylidium because of the unilaterality of the genital pores. Each of these authors has given a diagnosis of the genus based on the facts stated in the original specific description of the parasite and hence both diagnoses fail to describe certain important portions of its anatomy. In all characters of generic rank mentioned the species described below as new agrees so perfectly with S. gallinarum (Southwell) that the writer feels justified in adding to the generic diagnosis. Six generic names have been proposed for the group of species to which the above mentioned form belongs. Of these, one (Parachoanotaenia Luehe, 1910) falls immediately into synonymy for it is antedated by Icterotaenia Railliet and Henry, 1909, both names being based upon the same type, to wit: Choanataenia galbulae (Zeder, 1803). The oldest of the five names remaining is Choanotaenia Railliet, 1896, with Choanotaenia infundibulum (Bloch, 1779) as its type. The salient characters of this genus are: (1) Irregularly alternating genital pores; (2) genital canals passing between the dorsal and ventral excretory canals, and (3) the presence of a persistent uterus which may be subdivided into numerous communicating chambers. The second of the names, in point of time, is Monopylidium Fuhrmann, 1899, type species Monopylidium musculosum (Fuhrmann, 1896). This genus agrees with Choanotaenia Railliet in having irregularly alternate genital pores and in the relation of the genital ducts to the excretory ducts, but is separated from it by the structure of the gravid uterus. Here the uterus breaks down into separate noncommunicating chambers or egg capsules, each capsule containing one or more eggs. It is the contention of Clerc