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1. Evaluation of parathyroid hyperplasia by ultrasonographic examination in patients with end-stage renal failure before and at initiation of dialysis

Author

Chizuru Ishiguro, Kayo Hayashi, Ichiyu Shou, Shiwori Osada, Mitsumine Fukui, Michiko Koizumi, Chieko Hamada, Tomoko Sakamoto, and Yasuhiko Tomino

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.medical_treatment, Urology, Parathyroid hormone, Calcium Carbonate, Parathyroid Glands, chemistry.chemical_compound, Internal medicine, medicine, Vitamin D and neurology, Humans, Renal osteodystrophy, Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color, Dialysis, Aged, Cholecalciferol, Hyperparathyroidism, Hyperplasia, business.industry, Vitamins, General Medicine, Middle Aged, Alkaline Phosphatase, medicine.disease, Endocrinology, chemistry, Parathyroid Hormone, Nephrology, Kidney Failure, Chronic, Calcium, Female, Hyperparathyroidism, Secondary, Secondary hyperparathyroidism, business, Biomarkers, hormones, hormone substitutes, and hormone antagonists
Abstract

Secondary hyperparathyroidism (2HPT), which is related to renal osteodystrophy (ROD), may occur in patients in the comparatively early stage of chronic renal failure (CRF). Secondary hyperparathyroidism patients with parathyroid hyperplasia showed resistance to vitamin D(3) treatment during long-term dialysis. At present, evaluation by ultrasonography is considered to be useful for confirming parathyroid hyperplasia. There are no clinical data associated with imaging evaluation of 2HPT in CRF patients. In the present study, the relationship among clinical and biochemical data, and parathyroid hyperplasia by ultrasonography, was evaluated in 12 patients (six males and six females) with end-stage renal failure (ESRF) before and at initiation of dialysis. Five patients showed an enlargement of parathyroid glands in ultrasonography. Levels of serum-intact parathyroid hormone (PTH) in patients with parathyroid hyperplasia (positive group) were significantly higher than in those without hyperplasia (negative group; 97.6 +/- 36.65 vs 17.4 +/- 4.45 pmol/L; P < 0.05). The levels of intact PTH were above 35.0 pmol/L in all five patients with hyperplasia. All patients in the positive group had never taken vitamin D(3) supplements. Calcium-containing phosphate binders were not prescribed before the present study, except in one patient. Parathyroid hyperplasia caused by 2HPT was recognized in patients before and at initiation of dialysis in this study. It appears that untreated 2HPT in CRF patients may progress to advanced 2HPT in ESRF before and/or after the early stage of dialysis. The levels of serum intact PTH are useful in predicting parathyroid hyperplasia.

Published
2003
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2. Contents Vol. 91, 2002

Author

Steven McTaggart, Hisaya Tada, D. Ljubanovic, Gunilla Halldén, M.J. Nubé, Marina Martic, Yasufumi Kyuden, Luisa Murer, Vincenzo Panichi, W.E.M. Schouten, Eugênio Pacelle Queiroz Madeira, Mariko Miyazaki, Yasuhiko Ueda, Hidetake Kurihara, Maria Norpoth, Guilherme Santoro-Lopes, Mutsuko Hidaka, Galal Mohamed Amer, Ali Moshfegh, Carlo Catalano, Chien-Liang Chen, Stefano De Pietro, Koji Kuboki, Ryoko Shimizu-Hirota, P. Hausfater, Susana Sampaio, Yoshinobu Fuke, Manuel Palacín, Luca Giovannini, Savvas Kazoulis, Satoshi Ogata, A.J. van Houte, Ikuo Horigome, Graziella Zacchello, Alberto Bettinelli, Batya Kristal, Tim D. Hewitson, Isao Shirato, Noriaki Yorioka, Makoto Watanabe, Renza Cristofani, Sérgio Fernando Ferreira Santos, Takao Kawamura, Y. Akai, S. Krizanac, Jacek Borawski, Maura Zanolari Calderari, Nobuoki Kohno, Marcella Normanno, Giulietta Sbragia, Iwan Setiawan, U. Assogba, Mitsuhiro Satoh, Mutsuo Taiji, Y. Asano, Mahmoud El-Baz, Daisuke Suzuki, Gavin J. Becker, Akira Saito, Giovanni Montini, Stefan Bröer, Yuji Fujita, Revital Shurtz-Swirski, Paul F. Laflam, P A Conz, Ching-Bun Chen, Ioannis Christoulakis, Toshihiro Shinosaki, Takafumi Ito, Takashi Uzu, Yasuhiro Akai, Kang-Ju Chou, G. Kantarcı, Shan Lin, Atsushi Tsuchida, Hideo Shiiki, Mari Kuroda, Atsushi Satomura, Huiqi Qu, Soichi Haraguchi, Michał Myśliwiec, Masayuki Iwano, Masafumi Yamato, M. Vrkljan, Petros Hatzilias, Yoshihiko Taniguchi, Atsushi Yamauchi, Emanuela Rizzioli, Mingcai Qiu, Mohamed Abel-Kader Sobh, Sana Sayed Gazarin, Shigemi Chiba, M. Schoorl, E. Kusano, Yukiteru Asakimori, Anna Maria Bianchi, Birgit Kallinowski, Mario G. Bianchetti, Armando A. Mendes, Yutaka Yaguchi, Isao Ishikawa, Manuel Pestana, Pia Thylén, M. Inoue, Shifra Sela, Po-Tsang Lee, Massimiliano Migliori, Jean-Pierre Guignard, Olaf Hergesell, P. Lebon, Hideto Sakai, Yee-Hsuan Chiou, Kristen J. Kelynack, Alberto A.E. Bertelli, Osamu Hotta, Shaul M. Shasha, Tomokazu Nagano, Lambertus Arisz, Martin Zeier, H. Furuya, Kefaia El-Sayed Mohamed, A. Bihorac, Ç. Özener, Lara Alonso da Silva, Hiroshi Noguchi, Toshio Miyata, Takao Saruta, E. Akoğlu, Stefan H. Jacobson, Krystyna Pawlak, Ivano Moschèn, Maria Rita Metelli, Hsiao-Min Chung, Takashi Furuta, Adriana MacIntyre Innocenzi, Yoshiharu Nishitani, Kazumasa Hamano, Manabu Asano, Mizuo Mifune, Kayoko Nomura, Tatsuo Kobayashi, Gian Marco Ghiggeri, João Ramos, Mahmoud Wageh Rasem, José Gerardo Oliveira, Hassan Abd-El-Hady Ahmed, Hiroyuki Ohi, S. Tokay, Matsuhiko Hayashi, Osama Gheith, Carla Carasi, P. Xavier, Ikue Mori-Kudo, Hiroo Noshiro, Kazuhiko Funabiki, Michael Nomikos, Chizuru Ishiguro, Ikuko Miyai, Maria Magalhães, Péter Tóth-Heyn, Satoko Honda, Manuela Della Vella, Daniele Taccola, Gianluca Caridi, Yasuharu Nomura, Hideyuki Kurioka, Joachim Lundahl, P. Cacoub, Y. Ando, Ronit Geron, Toshiki Inokuchi, Eduardo H. Garin, Galina Shapiro, Roberto Palla, Shih-Yuan Hung, Yasuhiko Tomino, Ciro Tetta, Surinder Cheema-Dhadli, Alexandra Albers, Sarantos Xirakis, Florian Lang, Mitchell L. Halperin, Hideaki Nakaya, Ken Takahara, Fabio Fabbian, Jürgen Floege, Yoshio Taguma, Koji Harada, Hua-Chang Fang, F. A. W. Kemperman, Satoshi Horikoshi, Rodo O. von Vigier, Morito Endo, Omar da Rosa Santos, Norio Sunagawa, M.P.C. Grooteman, Fatma Elhusseini, Takayuki Fujita, Raymond T. Krediet, J.C. Piette, Rajiv Kumar, Hiroyuki Sasamura, K. Tabei, Ioannis Tzanakis, K. Galesic, Mie Ko, and Isao Ohsawa

Subjects
Traditional medicine, business.industry, Medicine, business
Published
2002
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3. Subject Index Vol. 91, 2002

Author

Hiroyuki Sasamura, Olaf Hergesell, K. Tabei, Osamu Hotta, Norio Sunagawa, Ioannis Tzanakis, Emanuela Rizzioli, Mingcai Qiu, Paul F. Laflam, Gian Marco Ghiggeri, Yasufumi Kyuden, D. Ljubanovic, M.J. Nubé, W.E.M. Schouten, Carla Carasi, Joachim Lundahl, Mariko Miyazaki, Isao Ishikawa, Yasuhiko Ueda, Kazuhiko Funabiki, Michael Nomikos, Tatsuo Kobayashi, Maria Magalhães, Manabu Asano, Takayuki Fujita, Shaul M. Shasha, Revital Shurtz-Swirski, Susana Sampaio, H. Furuya, Kefaia El-Sayed Mohamed, Mitsuhiro Satoh, A. Bihorac, Ç. Özener, Renza Cristofani, Ikue Mori-Kudo, U. Assogba, Satoshi Ogata, A.J. van Houte, Shifra Sela, Hidetake Kurihara, Maria Rita Metelli, Kayoko Nomura, Giovanni Montini, Atsushi Satomura, S. Krizanac, Rodo O. von Vigier, Morito Endo, Jürgen Floege, Lara Alonso da Silva, Yasuharu Nomura, Satoko Honda, Manuel Pestana, Hassan Abd-El-Hady Ahmed, Omar da Rosa Santos, P. Cacoub, Toshihiro Shinosaki, Ikuko Miyai, Y. Asano, Yoshiharu Nishitani, Yoshio Taguma, Chien-Liang Chen, Chizuru Ishiguro, P. Xavier, Gianluca Caridi, Marina Martic, Jean-Pierre Guignard, Maura Zanolari Calderari, Akira Saito, Hua-Chang Fang, F. A. W. Kemperman, Huiqi Qu, Atsushi Yamauchi, Hisaya Tada, Gavin J. Becker, Koji Harada, Mohamed Abel-Kader Sobh, Galal Mohamed Amer, Luisa Murer, P A Conz, Hiroyuki Ohi, Ali Moshfegh, Armando A. Mendes, Osama Gheith, Daisuke Suzuki, Fatma Elhusseini, Ciro Tetta, Eugênio Pacelle Queiroz Madeira, Yoshinobu Fuke, Takashi Uzu, Kang-Ju Chou, Savvas Kazoulis, Manuel Palacín, Ioannis Christoulakis, P. Hausfater, G. Kantarcı, Hideyuki Kurioka, Ivano Moschèn, Stefan H. Jacobson, Graziella Zacchello, Satoshi Horikoshi, Atsushi Tsuchida, Ryoko Shimizu-Hirota, Petros Hatzilias, Alberto Bettinelli, Tim D. Hewitson, Raymond T. Krediet, J.C. Piette, Jacek Borawski, S. Tokay, Takafumi Ito, Mutsuo Taiji, Ronit Geron, Makoto Watanabe, M. Schoorl, Carlo Catalano, Pia Thylén, Péter Tóth-Heyn, Ching-Bun Chen, Rajiv Kumar, Shigemi Chiba, Stefan Bröer, Takao Saruta, Mahmoud El-Baz, Yuji Fujita, E. Akoğlu, Roberto Palla, Michał Myśliwiec, Toshiki Inokuchi, Yasuhiko Tomino, Yasuhiro Akai, E. Kusano, Yukiteru Asakimori, Maria Norpoth, Shih-Yuan Hung, Yee-Hsuan Chiou, Kristen J. Kelynack, Hideo Shiiki, Alberto A.E. Bertelli, Mari Kuroda, Yoshihiko Taniguchi, Kazumasa Hamano, Massimiliano Migliori, Steven McTaggart, P. Lebon, Toshio Miyata, Vincenzo Panichi, Gunilla Halldén, Soichi Haraguchi, Mario G. Bianchetti, Po-Tsang Lee, M.P.C. Grooteman, Hideaki Nakaya, Ken Takahara, Fabio Fabbian, Yutaka Yaguchi, Florian Lang, Anna Maria Bianchi, Birgit Kallinowski, Mitchell L. Halperin, M. Inoue, Mizuo Mifune, Masayuki Iwano, Masafumi Yamato, Stefano De Pietro, Hiroshi Noguchi, Koji Kuboki, Hsiao-Min Chung, Hideto Sakai, Tomokazu Nagano, Iwan Setiawan, Surinder Cheema-Dhadli, Nobuoki Kohno, Shan Lin, M. Vrkljan, Isao Shirato, Noriaki Yorioka, Adriana MacIntyre Innocenzi, Marcella Normanno, José Gerardo Oliveira, Matsuhiko Hayashi, Y. Ando, Lambertus Arisz, Krystyna Pawlak, Galina Shapiro, Ikuo Horigome, Takashi Furuta, Y. Akai, Batya Kristal, João Ramos, Mahmoud Wageh Rasem, Alexandra Albers, Sarantos Xirakis, Sérgio Fernando Ferreira Santos, Takao Kawamura, Martin Zeier, Hiroo Noshiro, Manuela Della Vella, Daniele Taccola, Isao Ohsawa, K. Galesic, Mie Ko, Sana Sayed Gazarin, Eduardo H. Garin, Guilherme Santoro-Lopes, Mutsuko Hidaka, Luca Giovannini, and Giulietta Sbragia

Subjects
Index (economics), business.industry, Statistics, Medicine, Subject (documents), business
Published
2002
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4. Serum IgA/C3 Ratio May Predict Diagnosis and Prognostic Grading in Patients with IgA Nephropathy

Author

Yutaka Yaguchi, Yasuhiko Tomino, Isao Shirato, Satoshi Horikoshi, Chizuru Ishiguro, and Kazuhiko Funabiki

Subjects
Immunoglobulin A, medicine.medical_specialty, biology, business.industry, Glomerulonephritis, IGA, Glomerulonephritis, Complement C3, Serum iga, Prognosis, medicine.disease, Gastroenterology, Nephropathy, Membranous nephropathy, Internal medicine, Immunopathology, Immunology, biology.protein, Humans, Medicine, business, Grading (tumors), Biomarkers, Kidney disease
Abstract

Recently, the authors reported that the ratio of serum IgA to C3 (serum IgA/C3 ratio) is a good marker to distinguish patients with IgA nephropathy from non-IgA nephropathy patients together with serum IgA levels using an international reference preparation (IFCC/CRM470). In this study, the authors investigated whether the serum IgA/C3 ratio might be an indicator of prognostic grading in patients with IgA nephropathy. Two hundred and thirteen patients with IgA nephropathy and 96 other glomerular diseases including diffuse or focal mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis without mesangial IgA deposition (non-IgA PGN), membranous nephropathy and thin basement membrane syndrome were examined. The levels of serum IgA and C3 in these patients were adjusted by the specified formula to those using international standard serum (IFCC/CRM470) in this study. The results of this study showed the highest levels of IgA/C3 ratio in patients with IgA nephropathy. The serum IgA/C3 ratio appears to gradually increase according to the prognostic grading of this disease. Therefore, measurement of the serum IgA/C3 ratio may be useful for prediction of diagnosis and prognostic grading in patients with IgA nephropathy.

Published
2002
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5. Urinary levels of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and interleukin-8 (IL-8), and renal injuries in patients with type 2 diabetic nephropathy

Author

Kyouichi Tashiro, Satoshi Horikoshi, Chizuru Ishiguro, Isao Shirato, Michiko Koizumi, Ayumi Shimizu, Ichiro Koyanagi, Kazuhiko Funabiki, Akemi Saitoh, Toshihide Shike, and Yasuhiko Tomino

Subjects
Blood Glucose, Microbiology (medical), medicine.medical_specialty, Urinary system, Clinical Biochemistry, Urology, Renal function, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, Urine, Diabetic nephropathy, Excretion, chemistry.chemical_compound, Internal medicine, Humans, Immunology and Allergy, Medicine, Diabetic Nephropathies, Blood urea nitrogen, Chemokine CCL2, Analysis of Variance, Creatinine, business.industry, Interleukin-8, Biochemistry (medical), Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Case-control study, Original Articles, Hematology, medicine.disease, Medical Laboratory Technology, Endocrinology, chemistry, Case-Control Studies, business
Abstract

We examined the correlation among the levels of urinary monocyte chemoattractant protein‐1 (MCP‐1) and interleukin‐8 (IL‐8), hyperglycemia, and renal injuries in patients with type 2 diabetic nephropathy. The levels of urinary MCP‐1, IL‐8, protein excretion, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine (s‐Cr), glycohemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) were measured in 24 patients with type 2 diabetic nephropathy and 14 healthy adults as controls. Diabetic nephropathy was classified into three stages: stage 1 = normoalbuminuric, stage 2 = microalbuminuric, and stage 3 = macroalbuminuric. All of the patients showed normal ranges in renal function tests. Levels of urinary MCP‐1 in all patients with diabetic nephropathy were significantly higher than those in healthy adults (P < 0.05). The levels of urinary MCP‐1 in patients with diabetic nephropathy increased gradually according to the clinical stage of this disease. In contrast, the levels of urinary IL‐8 in patients with diabetic nephropathy increased in stages 2 and 3. There was a significant correlation between the levels of urinary IL‐8 and those of HbA1c. High glucose may stimulate MCP‐1 and/or IL‐8 production and their excretion into the urine independently of the phases or pathological lesions of this disease. It appears that IL‐8 increased in the early stage of diabetic nephropathy, and MCP‐1 increased in the advanced stage of this disease. It was concluded that measurement of urinary MCP‐1 and IL‐8 may be useful for evaluating the degree of renal injuries in patients with type 2 diabetic nephropathy. J. Clin. Lab. Anal. 16:1–4, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

Published
2002
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6. Midazolam sedation for upper gastrointestinal endoscopy: comparison between the states of patients in partial and complete amnesia

Author

Tatsuaki, Ishiguro, Chizuru, Ishiguro, Goichi, Ishiguro, and Hirokazu, Nagawa

Subjects
Male, Midazolam, Conscious Sedation, Humans, Hypnotics and Sedatives, Female, Amnesia, Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal
Abstract

The amnesia produced by anesthesia is advantageous for unpleasant procedures like gastroscopy, and midazolam is one of the most commonly used anesthesias for endoscopy. However the proper use of midazolam from the viewpoint of complete amnesia has been discussed very little.One hundred and thirty-three unselected patients about to undergo upper gastrointestinal endoscopy were premedicated with sufficient intravenous midazolam to cause enough sedation so that no response was evoked when calling their name. Pulse, arterial pressure, arterial oxygen saturation and the physical signs of patients were recorded continuously during the procedures. After the study, patients were given 0.25 mg of flumazenil and asked if they could recall the procedures. Those who could recall even part of the procedure were not regarded as achieving complete amnesia. The efficacy of the sedative was judged by the appearance of complete amnesia.From our regression analysis complete amnesia was achieved in 75.9% of the total patients. The differences of the blood pressure fall, pulse rate increase and arterial oxygen saturation fall between the patients with complete and partial amnesia were minute and did not cause serious complications. Regression analysis revealed the most important factors for the complete amnesia to be midazolam dose per body weight and habitual hypnotic use.There are no obvious disadvantages to producing complete amnesia with midazolam for upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. Habitual hypnotic use along with midazolam dose per body weight is the most influencing factor for that purpose.

Published
2002

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