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1. Comb-referenced Doppler-free spectrometry of the $^{200}$Hg and $^{202}$Hg intercombination line at 254 nm

Author

Gravina, Stefania, Chishti, Naveed A., Di Bernardo, Simona, Fasci, Eugenio, Castrillo, Antonio, Laliotis, Athanasios, and Gianfrani, Livio

Subjects
Physics - Atomic Physics
Abstract

We report on precision spectroscopy of the 6s$^2$ $^1$S$_0\to$6s6p $^3$P$_1$ intercombination line of mercury in the deep ultraviolet, by means of a frequency-comb referenced, wavelength-modulated, saturated absorption technique. This method allowed us to perform sub-Doppler investigations with an absolute frequency axis at 254 nm, while ensuring a relatively high signal-to-noise ratio. The absolute line center frequencies of the $^{200}$Hg and $^{202}$Hg bosonic isotopes were measured with a global uncertainty of 8 and 15 kHz (namely, 6.8$\times$10$^{-12}$ and 1.3$\times$10$^{-11}$, in relative terms), respectively, the statistical and systematic components being significantly reduced as compared to past determinations. This remarkable result was achieved also thanks to an in-depth study of the AC stark effect. Furthermore, we found the most accurate $^{200}$Hg-$^{202}$Hg isotope shift ever obtained before, namely, $5295570\pm15_{stat}\pm8_{syst}$ kHz.

Published
2024
Full Text
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3. Youth WellTech: A Global Remote Co-Design Sprint for Youth Mental Health Technology

Author

Phang, Kenji, Pradhan, Siddharth Saarathi, Ikwuegbu, Chino, Ramos, Gonzalo, Ford, Denae, Okoli, Ebele, Chishti, Salman Muin Kayser, and Suh, Jina

Subjects
Computer Science - Human-Computer Interaction, H.5.2
Abstract

Mental health is a pressing concern in today's digital age, particularly among youth who are deeply intertwined with technology. Despite the influx of technology solutions addressing mental health issues, youth often remain sidelined during the design process. While co-design methods have been employed to improve participation by youth, many such initiatives are limited to design activities and lack training for youth to research and develop solutions for themselves. In this case study, we detail our 8-week remote, collaborative research initiative called Youth WellTech, designed to facilitate remote co-design sprints aimed at equipping youth with the tools and knowledge to envision and design tech futures for their own communities. We pilot this initiative with 12 student technology evangelists across 8 countries globally to foster the sharing of mental health challenges and diverse perspectives. We highlight insights from our experiences running this global program remotely, its structure, and recommendations for co-research., Comment: Case Study, 13 pages

Published
2024

4. Recipe for Political Action: The Auntie Sewing Squad

Author

Jave Yoshimoto, Laura Kina, Michelle Yee, Anida Yoeu Ali, Ruby Chishti, Hyegyeong Choi, Hasan Elahi, Aram Han Sifuentes, Robert Farid Karimi, Baseera Khan, Phoebe Kuo, Larry Lee, Kathy Liao, heather c. lou, Kiam Marcelo Junio, Mia Matlock, Jarrett Min Davis, Genevieve Erin O’Brien, Valerie Soe, Taro Takizawa, Heinrich Toh, Mathew Tom, Lien Truong, Francis Wong, and Kristina Wong

Published
2025

5. Index

Author

Jave Yoshimoto, Laura Kina, Michelle Yee, Anida Yoeu Ali, Ruby Chishti, Hyegyeong Choi, Hasan Elahi, Aram Han Sifuentes, Robert Farid Karimi, Baseera Khan, Phoebe Kuo, Larry Lee, Kathy Liao, heather c. lou, Kiam Marcelo Junio, Mia Matlock, Jarrett Min Davis, Genevieve Erin O’Brien, Valerie Soe, Taro Takizawa, Heinrich Toh, Mathew Tom, Lien Truong, Francis Wong, and Kristina Wong

Published
2025

6. Cover

Author

Jave Yoshimoto, Laura Kina, Michelle Yee, Anida Yoeu Ali, Ruby Chishti, Hyegyeong Choi, Hasan Elahi, Aram Han Sifuentes, Robert Farid Karimi, Baseera Khan, Phoebe Kuo, Larry Lee, Kathy Liao, heather c. lou, Kiam Marcelo Junio, Mia Matlock, Jarrett Min Davis, Genevieve Erin O’Brien, Valerie Soe, Taro Takizawa, Heinrich Toh, Mathew Tom, Lien Truong, Francis Wong, and Kristina Wong

Published
2025

7. Jave's Omega Mapo Tofu and Kimchi Fried Rice Flavor Explosion

Author

Jave Yoshimoto, Laura Kina, Michelle Yee, Anida Yoeu Ali, Ruby Chishti, Hyegyeong Choi, Hasan Elahi, Aram Han Sifuentes, Robert Farid Karimi, Baseera Khan, Phoebe Kuo, Larry Lee, Kathy Liao, heather c. lou, Kiam Marcelo Junio, Mia Matlock, Jarrett Min Davis, Genevieve Erin O’Brien, Valerie Soe, Taro Takizawa, Heinrich Toh, Mathew Tom, Lien Truong, Francis Wong, and Kristina Wong

Published
2025

8. Szechuan Spicy Alligator

Author

Jave Yoshimoto, Laura Kina, Michelle Yee, Anida Yoeu Ali, Ruby Chishti, Hyegyeong Choi, Hasan Elahi, Aram Han Sifuentes, Robert Farid Karimi, Baseera Khan, Phoebe Kuo, Larry Lee, Kathy Liao, heather c. lou, Kiam Marcelo Junio, Mia Matlock, Jarrett Min Davis, Genevieve Erin O’Brien, Valerie Soe, Taro Takizawa, Heinrich Toh, Mathew Tom, Lien Truong, Francis Wong, and Kristina Wong

Published
2025

9. Pork My Buns XXXX

Author

Jave Yoshimoto, Laura Kina, Michelle Yee, Anida Yoeu Ali, Ruby Chishti, Hyegyeong Choi, Hasan Elahi, Aram Han Sifuentes, Robert Farid Karimi, Baseera Khan, Phoebe Kuo, Larry Lee, Kathy Liao, heather c. lou, Kiam Marcelo Junio, Mia Matlock, Jarrett Min Davis, Genevieve Erin O’Brien, Valerie Soe, Taro Takizawa, Heinrich Toh, Mathew Tom, Lien Truong, Francis Wong, and Kristina Wong

Published
2025

10. SPAM and Eggs

Author

Jave Yoshimoto, Laura Kina, Michelle Yee, Anida Yoeu Ali, Ruby Chishti, Hyegyeong Choi, Hasan Elahi, Aram Han Sifuentes, Robert Farid Karimi, Baseera Khan, Phoebe Kuo, Larry Lee, Kathy Liao, heather c. lou, Kiam Marcelo Junio, Mia Matlock, Jarrett Min Davis, Genevieve Erin O’Brien, Valerie Soe, Taro Takizawa, Heinrich Toh, Mathew Tom, Lien Truong, Francis Wong, and Kristina Wong

Published
2025

11. Lien's Fried Banana Cake

Author

Jave Yoshimoto, Laura Kina, Michelle Yee, Anida Yoeu Ali, Ruby Chishti, Hyegyeong Choi, Hasan Elahi, Aram Han Sifuentes, Robert Farid Karimi, Baseera Khan, Phoebe Kuo, Larry Lee, Kathy Liao, heather c. lou, Kiam Marcelo Junio, Mia Matlock, Jarrett Min Davis, Genevieve Erin O’Brien, Valerie Soe, Taro Takizawa, Heinrich Toh, Mathew Tom, Lien Truong, Francis Wong, and Kristina Wong

Published
2025

12. Okonomiyaki

Author

Jave Yoshimoto, Laura Kina, Michelle Yee, Anida Yoeu Ali, Ruby Chishti, Hyegyeong Choi, Hasan Elahi, Aram Han Sifuentes, Robert Farid Karimi, Baseera Khan, Phoebe Kuo, Larry Lee, Kathy Liao, heather c. lou, Kiam Marcelo Junio, Mia Matlock, Jarrett Min Davis, Genevieve Erin O’Brien, Valerie Soe, Taro Takizawa, Heinrich Toh, Mathew Tom, Lien Truong, Francis Wong, and Kristina Wong

Published
2025

13. Milkfish Congee 虱目魚粥

Author

Jave Yoshimoto, Laura Kina, Michelle Yee, Anida Yoeu Ali, Ruby Chishti, Hyegyeong Choi, Hasan Elahi, Aram Han Sifuentes, Robert Farid Karimi, Baseera Khan, Phoebe Kuo, Larry Lee, Kathy Liao, heather c. lou, Kiam Marcelo Junio, Mia Matlock, Jarrett Min Davis, Genevieve Erin O’Brien, Valerie Soe, Taro Takizawa, Heinrich Toh, Mathew Tom, Lien Truong, Francis Wong, and Kristina Wong

Published
2025

14. Double-Fried Garlic Chicken

Author

Jave Yoshimoto, Laura Kina, Michelle Yee, Anida Yoeu Ali, Ruby Chishti, Hyegyeong Choi, Hasan Elahi, Aram Han Sifuentes, Robert Farid Karimi, Baseera Khan, Phoebe Kuo, Larry Lee, Kathy Liao, heather c. lou, Kiam Marcelo Junio, Mia Matlock, Jarrett Min Davis, Genevieve Erin O’Brien, Valerie Soe, Taro Takizawa, Heinrich Toh, Mathew Tom, Lien Truong, Francis Wong, and Kristina Wong

Published
2025

15. Beef Chow Fun (Fried Rice Noodles)

Author

Jave Yoshimoto, Laura Kina, Michelle Yee, Anida Yoeu Ali, Ruby Chishti, Hyegyeong Choi, Hasan Elahi, Aram Han Sifuentes, Robert Farid Karimi, Baseera Khan, Phoebe Kuo, Larry Lee, Kathy Liao, heather c. lou, Kiam Marcelo Junio, Mia Matlock, Jarrett Min Davis, Genevieve Erin O’Brien, Valerie Soe, Taro Takizawa, Heinrich Toh, Mathew Tom, Lien Truong, Francis Wong, and Kristina Wong

Published
2025

16. Sourdough Starter Jian Bing

Author

Jave Yoshimoto, Laura Kina, Michelle Yee, Anida Yoeu Ali, Ruby Chishti, Hyegyeong Choi, Hasan Elahi, Aram Han Sifuentes, Robert Farid Karimi, Baseera Khan, Phoebe Kuo, Larry Lee, Kathy Liao, heather c. lou, Kiam Marcelo Junio, Mia Matlock, Jarrett Min Davis, Genevieve Erin O’Brien, Valerie Soe, Taro Takizawa, Heinrich Toh, Mathew Tom, Lien Truong, Francis Wong, and Kristina Wong

Published
2025

17. Dumplings

Author

Jave Yoshimoto, Laura Kina, Michelle Yee, Anida Yoeu Ali, Ruby Chishti, Hyegyeong Choi, Hasan Elahi, Aram Han Sifuentes, Robert Farid Karimi, Baseera Khan, Phoebe Kuo, Larry Lee, Kathy Liao, heather c. lou, Kiam Marcelo Junio, Mia Matlock, Jarrett Min Davis, Genevieve Erin O’Brien, Valerie Soe, Taro Takizawa, Heinrich Toh, Mathew Tom, Lien Truong, Francis Wong, and Kristina Wong

Published
2025

18. Pancit Guisado 2.0

Author

Jave Yoshimoto, Laura Kina, Michelle Yee, Anida Yoeu Ali, Ruby Chishti, Hyegyeong Choi, Hasan Elahi, Aram Han Sifuentes, Robert Farid Karimi, Baseera Khan, Phoebe Kuo, Larry Lee, Kathy Liao, heather c. lou, Kiam Marcelo Junio, Mia Matlock, Jarrett Min Davis, Genevieve Erin O’Brien, Valerie Soe, Taro Takizawa, Heinrich Toh, Mathew Tom, Lien Truong, Francis Wong, and Kristina Wong

Published
2025

19. Ground Pork Japchae

Author

Jave Yoshimoto, Laura Kina, Michelle Yee, Anida Yoeu Ali, Ruby Chishti, Hyegyeong Choi, Hasan Elahi, Aram Han Sifuentes, Robert Farid Karimi, Baseera Khan, Phoebe Kuo, Larry Lee, Kathy Liao, heather c. lou, Kiam Marcelo Junio, Mia Matlock, Jarrett Min Davis, Genevieve Erin O’Brien, Valerie Soe, Taro Takizawa, Heinrich Toh, Mathew Tom, Lien Truong, Francis Wong, and Kristina Wong

Published
2025

20. Vegan Kare Kare

Author

Jave Yoshimoto, Laura Kina, Michelle Yee, Anida Yoeu Ali, Ruby Chishti, Hyegyeong Choi, Hasan Elahi, Aram Han Sifuentes, Robert Farid Karimi, Baseera Khan, Phoebe Kuo, Larry Lee, Kathy Liao, heather c. lou, Kiam Marcelo Junio, Mia Matlock, Jarrett Min Davis, Genevieve Erin O’Brien, Valerie Soe, Taro Takizawa, Heinrich Toh, Mathew Tom, Lien Truong, Francis Wong, and Kristina Wong

Published
2025

21. Chinese Milk Bread

Author

Jave Yoshimoto, Laura Kina, Michelle Yee, Anida Yoeu Ali, Ruby Chishti, Hyegyeong Choi, Hasan Elahi, Aram Han Sifuentes, Robert Farid Karimi, Baseera Khan, Phoebe Kuo, Larry Lee, Kathy Liao, heather c. lou, Kiam Marcelo Junio, Mia Matlock, Jarrett Min Davis, Genevieve Erin O’Brien, Valerie Soe, Taro Takizawa, Heinrich Toh, Mathew Tom, Lien Truong, Francis Wong, and Kristina Wong

Published
2025

22. I'm a Pepper, You're a Pepper, Wouldn't You Like to Be a Pepper, Too? Chicago/LA Kalbi Marinade/Serenade and Trader Vic's Mai Tai

Author

Jave Yoshimoto, Laura Kina, Michelle Yee, Anida Yoeu Ali, Ruby Chishti, Hyegyeong Choi, Hasan Elahi, Aram Han Sifuentes, Robert Farid Karimi, Baseera Khan, Phoebe Kuo, Larry Lee, Kathy Liao, heather c. lou, Kiam Marcelo Junio, Mia Matlock, Jarrett Min Davis, Genevieve Erin O’Brien, Valerie Soe, Taro Takizawa, Heinrich Toh, Mathew Tom, Lien Truong, Francis Wong, and Kristina Wong

Published
2025

23. Red October Dal

Author

Jave Yoshimoto, Laura Kina, Michelle Yee, Anida Yoeu Ali, Ruby Chishti, Hyegyeong Choi, Hasan Elahi, Aram Han Sifuentes, Robert Farid Karimi, Baseera Khan, Phoebe Kuo, Larry Lee, Kathy Liao, heather c. lou, Kiam Marcelo Junio, Mia Matlock, Jarrett Min Davis, Genevieve Erin O’Brien, Valerie Soe, Taro Takizawa, Heinrich Toh, Mathew Tom, Lien Truong, Francis Wong, and Kristina Wong

Published
2025

24. Rabokki 라볶이

Author

Jave Yoshimoto, Laura Kina, Michelle Yee, Anida Yoeu Ali, Ruby Chishti, Hyegyeong Choi, Hasan Elahi, Aram Han Sifuentes, Robert Farid Karimi, Baseera Khan, Phoebe Kuo, Larry Lee, Kathy Liao, heather c. lou, Kiam Marcelo Junio, Mia Matlock, Jarrett Min Davis, Genevieve Erin O’Brien, Valerie Soe, Taro Takizawa, Heinrich Toh, Mathew Tom, Lien Truong, Francis Wong, and Kristina Wong

Published
2025

25. A Recipe for Survival Spinach Casserole

Author

Jave Yoshimoto, Laura Kina, Michelle Yee, Anida Yoeu Ali, Ruby Chishti, Hyegyeong Choi, Hasan Elahi, Aram Han Sifuentes, Robert Farid Karimi, Baseera Khan, Phoebe Kuo, Larry Lee, Kathy Liao, heather c. lou, Kiam Marcelo Junio, Mia Matlock, Jarrett Min Davis, Genevieve Erin O’Brien, Valerie Soe, Taro Takizawa, Heinrich Toh, Mathew Tom, Lien Truong, Francis Wong, and Kristina Wong

Published
2025

26. SPAM Musubi and Auntie Nora's Mac Salad

Author

Jave Yoshimoto, Laura Kina, Michelle Yee, Anida Yoeu Ali, Ruby Chishti, Hyegyeong Choi, Hasan Elahi, Aram Han Sifuentes, Robert Farid Karimi, Baseera Khan, Phoebe Kuo, Larry Lee, Kathy Liao, heather c. lou, Kiam Marcelo Junio, Mia Matlock, Jarrett Min Davis, Genevieve Erin O’Brien, Valerie Soe, Taro Takizawa, Heinrich Toh, Mathew Tom, Lien Truong, Francis Wong, and Kristina Wong

Published
2025

27. Tripe Stew

Author

Jave Yoshimoto, Laura Kina, Michelle Yee, Anida Yoeu Ali, Ruby Chishti, Hyegyeong Choi, Hasan Elahi, Aram Han Sifuentes, Robert Farid Karimi, Baseera Khan, Phoebe Kuo, Larry Lee, Kathy Liao, heather c. lou, Kiam Marcelo Junio, Mia Matlock, Jarrett Min Davis, Genevieve Erin O’Brien, Valerie Soe, Taro Takizawa, Heinrich Toh, Mathew Tom, Lien Truong, Francis Wong, and Kristina Wong

Published
2025

28. Kimchi

Author

Jave Yoshimoto, Laura Kina, Michelle Yee, Anida Yoeu Ali, Ruby Chishti, Hyegyeong Choi, Hasan Elahi, Aram Han Sifuentes, Robert Farid Karimi, Baseera Khan, Phoebe Kuo, Larry Lee, Kathy Liao, heather c. lou, Kiam Marcelo Junio, Mia Matlock, Jarrett Min Davis, Genevieve Erin O’Brien, Valerie Soe, Taro Takizawa, Heinrich Toh, Mathew Tom, Lien Truong, Francis Wong, and Kristina Wong

Published
2025

29. Kebab Karahi

Author

Jave Yoshimoto, Laura Kina, Michelle Yee, Anida Yoeu Ali, Ruby Chishti, Hyegyeong Choi, Hasan Elahi, Aram Han Sifuentes, Robert Farid Karimi, Baseera Khan, Phoebe Kuo, Larry Lee, Kathy Liao, heather c. lou, Kiam Marcelo Junio, Mia Matlock, Jarrett Min Davis, Genevieve Erin O’Brien, Valerie Soe, Taro Takizawa, Heinrich Toh, Mathew Tom, Lien Truong, Francis Wong, and Kristina Wong

Published
2025

30. An Artists' Cookbook: Forging Community in Isolation

Author

Jave Yoshimoto, Laura Kina, Michelle Yee, Anida Yoeu Ali, Ruby Chishti, Hyegyeong Choi, Hasan Elahi, Aram Han Sifuentes, Robert Farid Karimi, Baseera Khan, Phoebe Kuo, Larry Lee, Kathy Liao, heather c. lou, Kiam Marcelo Junio, Mia Matlock, Jarrett Min Davis, Genevieve Erin O’Brien, Valerie Soe, Taro Takizawa, Heinrich Toh, Mathew Tom, Lien Truong, Francis Wong, and Kristina Wong

Published
2025

31. Recipes

Author

Jave Yoshimoto, Laura Kina, Michelle Yee, Anida Yoeu Ali, Ruby Chishti, Hyegyeong Choi, Hasan Elahi, Aram Han Sifuentes, Robert Farid Karimi, Baseera Khan, Phoebe Kuo, Larry Lee, Kathy Liao, heather c. lou, Kiam Marcelo Junio, Mia Matlock, Jarrett Min Davis, Genevieve Erin O’Brien, Valerie Soe, Taro Takizawa, Heinrich Toh, Mathew Tom, Lien Truong, Francis Wong, and Kristina Wong

Published
2025

32. Departures and Connections

Author

Jave Yoshimoto, Laura Kina, Michelle Yee, Anida Yoeu Ali, Ruby Chishti, Hyegyeong Choi, Hasan Elahi, Aram Han Sifuentes, Robert Farid Karimi, Baseera Khan, Phoebe Kuo, Larry Lee, Kathy Liao, heather c. lou, Kiam Marcelo Junio, Mia Matlock, Jarrett Min Davis, Genevieve Erin O’Brien, Valerie Soe, Taro Takizawa, Heinrich Toh, Mathew Tom, Lien Truong, Francis Wong, and Kristina Wong

Published
2025

33. Pandemic Comfort Cooking

Author

Jave Yoshimoto, Laura Kina, Michelle Yee, Anida Yoeu Ali, Ruby Chishti, Hyegyeong Choi, Hasan Elahi, Aram Han Sifuentes, Robert Farid Karimi, Baseera Khan, Phoebe Kuo, Larry Lee, Kathy Liao, heather c. lou, Kiam Marcelo Junio, Mia Matlock, Jarrett Min Davis, Genevieve Erin O’Brien, Valerie Soe, Taro Takizawa, Heinrich Toh, Mathew Tom, Lien Truong, Francis Wong, and Kristina Wong

Published
2025

34. Introductory Essays

Author

Jave Yoshimoto, Laura Kina, Michelle Yee, Anida Yoeu Ali, Ruby Chishti, Hyegyeong Choi, Hasan Elahi, Aram Han Sifuentes, Robert Farid Karimi, Baseera Khan, Phoebe Kuo, Larry Lee, Kathy Liao, heather c. lou, Kiam Marcelo Junio, Mia Matlock, Jarrett Min Davis, Genevieve Erin O’Brien, Valerie Soe, Taro Takizawa, Heinrich Toh, Mathew Tom, Lien Truong, Francis Wong, and Kristina Wong

Published
2025

35. Preface

Author

Jave Yoshimoto, Laura Kina, Michelle Yee, Anida Yoeu Ali, Ruby Chishti, Hyegyeong Choi, Hasan Elahi, Aram Han Sifuentes, Robert Farid Karimi, Baseera Khan, Phoebe Kuo, Larry Lee, Kathy Liao, heather c. lou, Kiam Marcelo Junio, Mia Matlock, Jarrett Min Davis, Genevieve Erin O’Brien, Valerie Soe, Taro Takizawa, Heinrich Toh, Mathew Tom, Lien Truong, Francis Wong, and Kristina Wong

Published
2025

36. Acknowledgments

Author

Jave Yoshimoto, Laura Kina, Michelle Yee, Anida Yoeu Ali, Ruby Chishti, Hyegyeong Choi, Hasan Elahi, Aram Han Sifuentes, Robert Farid Karimi, Baseera Khan, Phoebe Kuo, Larry Lee, Kathy Liao, heather c. lou, Kiam Marcelo Junio, Mia Matlock, Jarrett Min Davis, Genevieve Erin O’Brien, Valerie Soe, Taro Takizawa, Heinrich Toh, Mathew Tom, Lien Truong, Francis Wong, and Kristina Wong

Published
2025

37. Half Title Page, Title Page, Copyright

Author

Jave Yoshimoto, Laura Kina, Michelle Yee, Anida Yoeu Ali, Ruby Chishti, Hyegyeong Choi, Hasan Elahi, Aram Han Sifuentes, Robert Farid Karimi, Baseera Khan, Phoebe Kuo, Larry Lee, Kathy Liao, heather c. lou, Kiam Marcelo Junio, Mia Matlock, Jarrett Min Davis, Genevieve Erin O’Brien, Valerie Soe, Taro Takizawa, Heinrich Toh, Mathew Tom, Lien Truong, Francis Wong, and Kristina Wong

Published
2025

39. Fertigation with alpha-tocopherol enhances morphological, physiological, and antioxidant responses in radish (Raphanus sativus L.) under drought stress

Author

Muhammad Shahbaz Chishti, Muhammad Shahbaz, Muhammad Kaleem, Saba Shafi, Anam Mehmood, Zhang Qingzhu, Musarat Mansha, Nimra Shehzadi, Shamsa Rana, Hina Shahid, Abeer Hashem, Alanoud Alfagham, and Elsayed Fathi Abd-Allah

Subjects
Antioxidant, Alpha-tocopherol, Water deficit, Growth traits, Osmolytes, Water use efficiency, Botany, QK1-989
Abstract

Abstract Water scarcity is a foremost environmental concern and is expected to hasten in the forthcoming years due to severe fluctuations in weather patterns worldwide. The present work was designed to explore the potential role of alpha-tocopherol (α-Toc), a form of vitamin E, on the morphological, physio-biochemical, and cellular antioxidant responses of two radish genotypes grown under drought conditions (38 ± 3% of field capacity). The individual and combined applications of α-Toc (100 ppm) were used as T0- Control, T1- Control + TF (TF-alpha-tocopherol), T2- Drought (D), and T3- D + TF with three replications. In general, drought conditions cause a marked reduction in, growth traits such as root length (RL), shoot dry weight (SDW), and shoot fresh weight (SFW). However, the sole and combined applications of α-Toc significantly enhanced the SDW, SFW, and RL in both radish genotypes. Drought stress causes a significant upsurge in hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and lipid peroxidation (LPX) in leaves. At the same time, exogenous fertigation of α-Toc protects the membranes by reducing the level of LPX, enhancing antioxidants such as catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POX) to scavenge the reactive oxygen species (ROS), and enhancing the osmolyte as total soluble proteins to maintain cell internal osmotic potential. Also, the α-Toc enhanced the photosynthetic pigments and significantly increased photosynthetic activity in the Early Milo (G2) as compared to Laal Pari (G1) genotype under drought, enhancing water use efficiency by maintaining transpiration rate and stomatal conductance. The α-Toc also regulates the beneficial inorganic ions (K+, Ca2+, and PO₄³⁻) in the shoots of both genotypes. Our present findings demonstrate the potential role of α-Toc in mitigating drought stress and infer that it can enhance plant growth under drought conditions.

Published
2025
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42. Direct sum graph of the subspaces of a finite dimensional vector space over finite fields

Author

Wani, Bilal A., Altaf, Aaqib, Pirzada, S., and Chishti, T. A.

Subjects
Mathematics - Combinatorics, 05C25, 05C69
Abstract

In this paper, we introduce a new graph structure, called the $direct~ sum ~graph$ on a finite dimensional vector space. We investigate the connectivity, diameter and the completeness of $\Gamma_{U\oplus W}(\mathbb{V})$. Further, we find its domination number and independence number. We also determine the degree of each vertex in case the base field is finite and show that the graph $\Gamma_{U\oplus W}(\mathbb{V})$ is not Eulerian. We also show that under some mild conditions the graph $\Gamma_{U\oplus W}(\mathbb{V})$ is triangulated. We determine the clique number of $\Gamma_{U\oplus W}(\mathbb{V})$ for some particular cases. Finally, we find the size, girth, edge-connectivity and the chromatic number of $\Gamma_{U\oplus W}(\mathbb{V})$., Comment: 19 pages

Published
2023

43. Role of leaf micro-structural modifications in modulation of growth and photosynthetic performance of aquatic halophyte Fimbristylis complanata (Retz.) under temporal salinity regimes

Author

Muhammad Kaleem, Mansoor Hameed, Muhammad Sajid Aqeel Ahmad, Farooq Ahmad, Ummar Iqbal, Naila Asghar, Amina Ameer, Anam Mehmood, Nimra Shehzadi, Muhammad Shahbaz Chishti, Abeer Hashem, and Elsayed Fathi Abd-Allah

Subjects
Anatomical traits, Biomass, Halophytic sedge, Growth traits, Photosynthetic pigments, Wetlands, Medicine, Science
Abstract

Abstract Fimbristylis complanata is an aquatic halophytic sedge that thrives in salt-affected land, marshes, and water channels. Two ecotypes (HR-Rasool headworks ECe 19.45; SH- Sahianwala 47.49 dS m−1) of F. complanata were collected from two salt-affected wetlands of Punjab, Pakistan. Five rhizomes of each ecotype were grown in plastic pots in the Botanical garden research area and treated with three intensities of salt [0 mM (control), 200 mM (moderate), 400 mM (high) NaCl for three durations (0, 15 and 30 days). The pots were arranged using a completely randomized block design (CRD) with three replications. After each duration, sampling was done. The HR ecotype optimally performed better under moderate salt incubation and moderate to higher salt exposure. This ecotype had improved growth traits, including shoot fresh weight (SFW), shoot dry weight (SDW), leaf area (LA), root length (RL), leaf mass fraction (LMF), relative growth rate (RGR), and unit leaf area (ULA) at higher NaCl (400 mM) in comparison with control NaCl (0 mM). This improvement in growth occurs due to the accumulation of photosynthetic pigments, better photosynthesis, and water use efficiency (A/E). The leaf microstructure increased in HR ecotype as midrib (MrT), leaf blade (LTh), bulliform cells (BTh), and cortical cells (CcT) thicknesses to prevent water loss under salinity, increase aerenchymatous area (ArA) for efficient gas movements at moderate salt levels and less exposure time concerning absolute control (0 mM NaCl). The SH ecotype affirmed more tolerance to salt by securing higher biomass (SFW, SDW), increased growth traits (LA, RL, LMF, ULA), photosynthetic pigments (Chl a, b, Car), and maximum photosynthetic performance at high salt regimes and prolonged duration in comparison to control (0 mM NaCl). Additionally, increased MrT, LTh, BTh, ECA, abaxial and adaxial stomatal area, and density, broadened metaxylem and phloem area, large aerenchyma, more cortical cell thickness under moderate to high salt regimes under moderate to high salt levels and time. Overall, changes in morpho-physiological traits and leaf microstructures in both ecotypes are linked to salt tolerance under temporal salt regimes. Our findings suggest that both ecotypes of F. complanata can potentially rehabilitate the salt-affected wetlands.

Published
2024
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47. Viral and host mediators of non-suppressible HIV-1 viremia

Author

Mohammadi, Abbas, Etemad, Behzad, Zhang, Xin, Li, Yijia, Bedwell, Gregory J, Sharaf, Radwa, Kittilson, Autumn, Melberg, Meghan, Crain, Charles R, Traunbauer, Anna K, Wong, Colline, Fajnzylber, Jesse, Worrall, Daniel P, Rosenthal, Alex, Jordan, Hannah, Jilg, Nikolaus, Kaseke, Clarety, Giguel, Francoise, Lian, Xiaodong, Deo, Rinki, Gillespie, Elisabeth, Chishti, Rida, Abrha, Sara, Adams, Taylor, Siagian, Abigail, Dorazio, Dominic, Anderson, Peter L, Deeks, Steven G, Lederman, Michael M, Yawetz, Sigal, Kuritzkes, Daniel R, Lichterfeld, Mathias D, Sieg, Scott, Tsibris, Athe, Carrington, Mary, Brumme, Zabrina L, Castillo-Mancilla, Jose R, Engelman, Alan N, Gaiha, Gaurav D, and Li, Jonathan Z

Subjects
Medical Microbiology, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Immunology, Sexually Transmitted Infections, Infectious Diseases, Genetics, Clinical Research, HIV/AIDS, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, 2.2 Factors relating to the physical environment, Infection, Humans, Male, Female, HIV-1, Viremia, Proviruses, HIV Seropositivity, HIV Infections, CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes, RNA, Viral, Viral Load, Medical and Health Sciences, Biomedical and clinical sciences, Health sciences
Abstract

Non-suppressible HIV-1 viremia (NSV) is defined as persistent low-level viremia on antiretroviral therapy (ART) without evidence of ART non-adherence or significant drug resistance. Unraveling the mechanisms behind NSV would broaden our understanding of HIV-1 persistence. Here we analyzed plasma virus sequences in eight ART-treated individuals with NSV (88% male) and show that they are composed of large clones without evidence of viral evolution over time in those with longitudinal samples. We defined proviruses that match plasma HIV-1 RNA sequences as 'producer proviruses', and those that did not as 'non-producer proviruses'. Non-suppressible viremia arose from expanded clones of producer proviruses that were significantly larger than the genome-intact proviral reservoir of ART-suppressed individuals. Integration sites of producer proviruses were enriched in proximity to the activating H3K36me3 epigenetic mark. CD4+ T cells from participants with NSV demonstrated upregulation of anti-apoptotic genes and downregulation of pro-apoptotic and type I/II interferon-related pathways. Furthermore, participants with NSV showed significantly lower HIV-specific CD8+ T cell responses compared with untreated viremic controllers with similar viral loads. We identified potential critical host and viral mediators of NSV that may represent targets to disrupt HIV-1 persistence.

Published
2023

48. MAM‐STAT3‐Driven Mitochondrial Ca+2 Upregulation Contributes to Immunosenescence in Type A Mandibuloacral Dysplasia Patients

Author

Arshad Ahmed Padhiar, Xiaohong Yang, Syed Aqib Ali Zaidi, Zhu Li, Jinqi Liao, Wei Shu, Arif Ali Chishti, Liangge He, Gulzar Alam, Abdullah Faqeer, Ilyas Ali, Shuai Zhang, Ting Wang, Tao Liu, Meiling Zhou, Gang Wang, Yan Zhou, and Guangqian Zhou

Subjects
calcium homeostasis, extracellular vesicles (EVs), inflammaging, mandibuloacral dysplasia (MADA), mitochondrial dysfunction, progeroid symptoms, Science
Abstract

Abstract Individuals with homozygous laminA/C p.R527C mutations manifest a severe form of Mandibuloacral dysplasia‐(MAD) and exhibit overlapping progeroid symptoms, for which the underlying molecular pathology remains unknown. Herein, it is shown that MAD patients achieved inflammaging with different pro‐inflammatory cytokines compared to progeria‐(HGPS) patient. Characterization of MAD iPSC‐derived Mesenchymal stem cells (MAD‐iMSC) uncovers deregulated mitochondrial Ca+2 as the primary cause of inflammaging, mediated through inflammasome formation rather than the cGAS‐STING pathway. Moreover, MAD‐iMSCs extracellular vesicles (EVs) can also upregulate mitochondrial Ca+2 in healthy cells. This deregulated Ca+2 homeostasis is indirectly mediated by mitochondrial calcium mediator, signal transducer, and activator of transcription‐3 (STAT3), situated on the mitochondrial associated membrane (MAM). Inflammaging is mitigated by various FDA‐approved MAM‐STAT3 upstream inhibitors, such as (Tocilizumab) or by correcting R527C mutation with CRISPR/CAS9. These results provide new insights into MAD disease and propose targeting defective mitochondrial Ca+2 homeostasis as a promising therapy for reversing immunosenescence.

Published
2025
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49. Architectural Support for Efficient Data Movement in Disaggregated Systems

Author

Giannoula, Christina, Huang, Kailong, Tang, Jonathan, Koziris, Nectarios, Goumas, Georgios, Chishti, Zeshan, and Vijaykumar, Nandita

Subjects
Computer Science - Hardware Architecture, Computer Science - Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing, Computer Science - Performance
Abstract

Resource disaggregation offers a cost effective solution to resource scaling, utilization, and failure-handling in data centers by physically separating hardware devices in a server. Servers are architected as pools of processor, memory, and storage devices, organized as independent failure-isolated components interconnected by a high-bandwidth network. A critical challenge, however, is the high performance penalty of accessing data from a remote memory module over the network. Addressing this challenge is difficult as disaggregated systems have high runtime variability in network latencies/bandwidth, and page migration can significantly delay critical path cache line accesses in other pages. This paper introduces DaeMon, the first software-transparent and robust mechanism to significantly alleviate data movement overheads in fully disaggregated systems. First, to enable scalability to multiple hardware components in the system, we enhance each compute and memory unit with specialized engines that transparently handle data migrations. Second, to achieve high performance and provide robustness across various network, architecture and application characteristics, we implement a synergistic approach of bandwidth partitioning, link compression, decoupled data movement of multiple granularities, and adaptive granularity selection in data movements. We evaluate DaeMon in a wide variety of workloads at different network and architecture configurations using a state-of-the-art accurate simulator and demonstrate that DaeMon significantly improves system performance and data access costs over the widely-adopted approach of moving data at page granularity., Comment: To appear in the Proceedings of the ACM on Measurement and Analysis of Computing Systems (POMACS) 2023 and the ACM SIGMETRICS 2023 conference. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2301.00414

Published
2023

50. Online Fake Review Detection Using Supervised Machine Learning And BERT Model

Author

Mir, Abrar Qadir, Khan, Furqan Yaqub, and Chishti, Mohammad Ahsan

Subjects
Computer Science - Computation and Language, Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence, Computer Science - Information Retrieval
Abstract

Online shopping stores have grown steadily over the past few years. Due to the massive growth of these businesses, the detection of fake reviews has attracted attention. Fake reviews are seriously trying to mislead customers and thereby undermine the honesty and authenticity of online shopping environments. So far, various fake review classifiers have been proposed that take into account the actual content of the review. To improve the accuracies of existing fake review classification or detection approaches, we propose to use BERT (Bidirectional Encoder Representation from Transformers) model to extract word embeddings from texts (i.e. reviews). Word embeddings are obtained in various basic methods such as SVM (Support vector machine), Random Forests, Naive Bayes, and others. The confusion matrix method was also taken into account to evaluate and graphically represent the results. The results indicate that the SVM classifiers outperform the others in terms of accuracy and f1-score with an accuracy of 87.81%, which is 7.6% higher than the classifier used in the previous study [5].

Published
2023

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