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Introduction: CDK4/6 inhibitors in combination with aromatase inhibitors (AIs) are the standard first-line treatment for hormone receptor-positive (HR+), HER2-negative (HER2-) metastatic breast cancer. Landmark trials have demonstrated a comparable progression-free survival (PFS) across CDK4/6 inhibitors, but the overall survival (OS) outcomes have varied. This study aimed to evaluate the real-world PFS and OS for palbociclib and ribociclib when combined with AIs in patients with HR+/HER2- advanced breast cancer., Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective chart review of adult patients with HR+/HER2- metastatic breast cancer treated at a single academic center between 1 January 2015 and 1 December 2022. The baseline demographics, clinical characteristics, and treatment details were extracted. A Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to estimate the PFS and OS, and differences between the treatment groups were assessed using the log-rank test. Cox proportional hazards models were constructed to adjust for confounding factors., Results: Seventy-five patients were included in the final analysis. The cohort was predominantly female (98.7%) and postmenopausal (77.3%), with 52.0% having de novo stage IV disease. Palbociclib was prescribed to 74.7% of the patients, and ribociclib to 25.3%. The patients receiving ribociclib were significantly younger (57.6 vs. 67.5 years, p = 0.013) and more likely to be premenopausal (42.1% vs. 5.4%, p < 0.001). The real-world median PFS and OS for palbociclib were 20.3 months (95% CI: 14.8-46) and 37.2 months (95% CI: 20.3-not reached [NR]), respectively. For ribociclib, the median PFS and OS were not reached. The Cox proportional hazards models adjusting for age and menopausal status found no significant differences between ribociclib and palbociclib for the PFS (HR = 0.92, p = 0.86) or OS (HR = 0.95, p = 0.92)., Conclusion: In this real-world analysis, palbociclib demonstrated a median PFS consistent with the results from landmark trials, although the observed OS was shorter. The ribociclib-treated patients had a numerically longer PFS and OS compared with those treated with palbociclib, but the differences were not statistically significant. The discontinuation rates were similar between the two groups.

A copper(I) donor-chromophore-acceptor triad bearing 1,8-napthalenemonoimide as the electron acceptor and triphenylamine as the electron donor was synthesized. Photophysical and electrochemical characterization suggest stepwise photoinduced charge separation upon excitation of the copper(I)-based metal-to-ligand charge transfer (MLCT) transition. Analyses of femtosecond transient absorption data of the triad show that intersystem crossing from the 1 MLCT to the 3 MLCT state is followed by two electron-transfer steps with time constants of 20 ps and 722 ps yielding a presumed final charge-separated state with a radical cation on the donor and radical anion on the acceptor that has an 18 ns lifetime in acetonitrile. Finally, this triad was anchored onto n-type (ZnO) and p-type (NiO) semiconductor surfaces to construct a photoanode and photocathode respectively. Successful photocurrent generation from both electrodes upon white light illumination confirms the potential utilization of such systems in dye-sensitized photoelectrochemical cells.

Dye-sensitized photoelectrodes may be used as heterogeneous components for fuel-forming reactions in photoelectrochemical cells. There has been increasing interest in developing Earth-abundant cheaper photosensitizers based on first-row transition metals. We describe here the synthesis, characterization, and study of the ground and excited state properties of three Cu(I) complexes bearing ligands with varying electron-accepting capacities and conjugation that may act as photosensitizers for wide bandgap semiconductors. Femtosecond transient absorption studies indicate that the nature of the final excited state is dictated by the extent of conjugation in the electron-accepting ligand, where shorter conjugation leads to the formation of a singly reduced ligand and longer conjugation leads to the formation of a ligand-centered final excited state. These complexes were surface anchored onto nanostructured NiO on conductive fluorine-doped tin oxide glass to fabricate photocathodes. It was found that even though the ligands with increasing conjugation have an effect on the formation of the final excited state in solution, all complexes exhibit similar photocurrents upon white light illumination, suggesting that charge transfer to NiO happens in advance of the formation of the final excited state.