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This study investigated the effects of dietary supplementation with anthocyanin extracted from black rice bran (AR) on the growth rate, immunological response, and expression of immune and antioxidant genes in Nile tilapia raised in an indoor biofloc system. A total of 300 Nile tilapia fingerlings (15.14 ± 0.032 g) were maintained in 150 L tanks and acclimatized for two weeks. Five experimental AR diets (0, 1, 2, 4, and 8 g kg

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of rambutan peel powder (RP) on growth, skin mucosal and serum immunities, and immune-related gene expression of striped catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus) reared in a biofloc system. Three hundred fingerlings (17.14 ± 0.12 g fish

This study evaluates the effects of longan seed powder (LS) on the growth performance, immunological response, and immune-antioxidant related gene expression of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Three hundred fish (13.82 ± 0.06 g) were divided into five experiments and fed 5 diets, including the basal diet (control without LS) and basal diet containing 10 (LS10), 20 (LS20), 40 (LS40), and 80 (LS80) g kg

An eight-week feeding trial was carried out to determine the effects of rambutan seed (RS) as a feed additive on the growth, skin mucus, serum immune parameters, and gene expression of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) raised under a biofloc system. Nile tilapia fingerlings (14.77 ± 0.80 g fish

Students with developmental disorders often meet challenges related to peer relationships when joining inclusive public schools. One of the problems that can cause serious consequences was victimization experience in a various forms. Participant were 69 children aged 6 – 13 years old (86.8% male and 13.2% female) with developmental disorders. These students have been attending inclusive schools. The result showed 29% children were usually victimized. The most popular forms were directly relational victimization. The primary reasons of victimization were limitation and impairments due to developmental disorders in children. The current solutions often focused on supporting to reduce children’s difficulties and teaching them skills. In addition, it is necessary to combine between teachers and parents to understand every child’s needs for enhancing their inclusion.

Vietnam aspires to have a tier of research-intensive universities, including some that will soon attain “world-class” status. This goal is ambitious and will require, amongst other things, a signif...

Image destination is one of the most important factors to attract and retain tourists. An enticing destination image promotes the tourist's experience and creates satisfaction that encourages tourists to return. The purpose of this study is to assess the impact of destination image and the factors that constitute the destination image on tourist satisfaction at a tourist destination. Cronbach's Alpha test methods, Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) were used in the study. Primary database was used as a result of the survey involving 500 tourists at the mountainous destinations in Thanh Hoa province. The results of the study demonstrated that destination images positively impact tourists’ satisfaction. Based on the study results in the article, we proposed some key solutions to strengthen propaganda and promotion for relevant destinations; to improve the quality of tourism infrastructure; to create and diversify tourism products; to enhance security measures for greater safety and further improvement of tourist satisfaction.

The objective of this study is to propose solutions to attract investment capital for tourism development in Thanh Hoa province, Vietnam. Based on the theoretical framework following eclectic or “OLI model” developed by Dunning and Narula (1996) [Dunning, J., & Narula, R. (2003). Foreign direct investment and governments: catalysts for economic restructuring. Routledge.] and data of 660 questionnaires collected from a survey of tourism investors in Thanh Hoa provinces, we found some important influential factors affecting the attraction of investment for tourism development in Thanh Hoa province. In particular, the local government’s policy of attracting capital appears to have the highest level of importance. The study has some policy implications to increase the attractiveness of investment capital in tourism development in the area.

This study aimed to investigate the effects of mango peel powder (MGPP) on growth, innate immunity, and immune-antioxidant related gene expression of Nile tilapia reared under biofloc system. Three hundred Nile tilapia (average weight 14.78 ± 0.05 g) were distributed into 15 fiber tanks (300 L per tank) assigned to five treatments in triplication. Fish were fed basal diet containing different levels MGPP as follows: 0 (MGPP0: control), 6.25 (MGPP 6.25), 12.5 (MGPP 12.25), 25 (MGPP 25), and 50 (MGPP 50) g kg

We investigated, herein, the effects of dietary inclusion of sugarcane bagasse powder (SB) on Nile tilapia development, mucosal and serum immunities, and relative immune and antioxidant genes. Fish (15.12 ± 0.04 g) were provided a basal diet (SB0) or basal diet incorporated with SB at 10 (SB10), 20 (SB20), 40 (SB40), or 80 (SB80) g kg−1 for 8 weeks. Our results demonstrated that the dietary incorporation of sugarcane bagasse powder (SB) at 20 and 40 g kg−1 significantly ameliorated FW, WG, and SGR as opposed to fish fed basal, SB10, and SB80 diets. However, no significant changes in FCR and survivability were observed between the SB supplemented diets and the control (basal diet). The mucosal immunity exhibited significantly higher SMLA and SMPA activities (p &lt, 0.005) in fish treated with SB diets after eight weeks. The highest SMLA and SMPA levels were recorded in fish fed SB80 followed by SB20, SB40, and SB10, respectively. For serum immunity, fish fed SB incorporated diets significantly ameliorated SL and RB levels (p &lt, 0.05) compared with the control. However, SP was not affected by the inclusion of SB in any diet throughout the experiment. The expression of IL1, IL8, LBP, GSTa, GPX, and GSR genes in the fish liver was significantly increased in fish fed the SB20 and SB10 diets relative to the basal diet fed fish (p &lt, 0.05), whereas only the IL8, LBP, and GPX genes in the intestines were substantially augmented via the SB20 and SB80 diets (p &lt, 0.05). IL1 and GSR were not influenced by the SB incorporated diets (p &gt, 0.05). In summary, sugarcane bagasse powder (SB) may be applied as a feed additive to improve growth performance, immune response, and immune and antioxidant-related gene expression in Nile tilapia.

The article considers the current state of the fisheries of Vietnam in the West part of the South China Sea. It has been stated that today in Vietnam there are 82 fishing ports located in 27 coastal provinces and cities. The volume of goods daily passing through the ports makes about 1.8 million tons. The statistical data on fish farming and fishing in the period from 2005 to 2017, as well as on the export and import of fish products in the period from 2010 to 2015 have been given. The assessment of the current state of the fishing industry in the country's economy is presented in the Vietnam Fisheries Development Strategy for the period up to 2020. The production of the main types of fish products has been analyzed. The specific features of the markets of fish processing industry targeted at both domestic consumption and export have been presented. The role of the fishing industry in the Vietnamese economy is assessed, and the advantages of the country's fish processing industry are given. It has been found that during the analyzed period (2005 - 2018) the volume of fisheries, fish farming, as well as the export of aquatic products in the country is constantly increasing. Vietnam is one of the three leading suppliers of seafood exported to 164 countries of the world. The Vietnamese fish processing industry has achieved a significant success both in producing goods for domestic consumption and in products for export. Since 2014 Vietnam has become the world's third largest exporter of seafood, in particular, of pangasius and shrimp. Conclusions are drawn about the importance and diversity of the fishing industry in Vietnam as one of the components of the national economy.

Vibrio vulnificus is a deadly human pathogen for which infections occur via seafood consumption (foodborne) or direct contact with wounds. Virulence is not fully characterized for this organism; however, there is evidence of biochemical and genotypic correlations with virulence potential. In this study, biochemical profiles and virulence genotype, based on 16S rRNA gene (rrn) and virulence correlated gene (vcg) types, were determined for 30 clinical and 39 oyster isolates. Oyster isolates were more biochemically diverse than the clinical isolates, with four of the 20 tests producing variable (defined as 20–80% of isolates) results. Whereas, for clinical isolates only mannitol fermentation, which has previously been associated with virulence potential, varied among the isolates. Nearly half (43%) of clinical isolates were the more virulent genotype (rrnB/vcgC); this trend was consistent when only looking at clinical isolates from blood. The majority (64%) of oyster isolates were the less virulent genotype (rrnA or AB/vcgE). These data were used to select a sub-set of 27 isolates for virulence testing with a subcutaneously inoculated, iron-dextran treated mouse model. Based on the mouse model data, 11 isolates were non-lethal, whereas 16 isolates were lethal, indicating a potential for human infection. Within the non-lethal group there were eight oyster and three clinical isolates. Six of the non-lethal isolates were the less virulent genotype (rrnA/vcgE or rrnAB/vcgE) and two were rrnB/vcgC with the remaining two of mixed genotype (rrnAB/vcgC and rrnB/vcgE). Of the lethal isolates, five were oysters and 11 were clinical. Eight of the lethal isolates were the less virulent genotype and seven the more virulent genotype, with the remaining isolate a mixed genotype (rrnA/vcgC). A discordance between virulence genotype and individual mouse virulence parameters (liver infection, skin infection, skin lesion score, and body temperature) was observed; the variable most strongly associated with mouse virulence parameters was season (warm or cold conditions at time of strain isolation), with more virulent strains isolated from cold conditions. These results indicate that biochemical profiles and genotype are not significantly associated with virulence potential, as determined by a mouse model. However, a relationship with virulence potential and seasonality was observed.

Vibrio vulnificus is a deadly human pathogen for which infections occur via seafood consumption (foodborne) or direct contact with wounds. Virulence is not fully characterized for this organism; however, there is evidence of biochemical and genotypic correlations with virulence potential. In this study, biochemical profiles and virulence genotype, based on 16S rRNA gene (rrn) and virulence correlated gene (vcg) types, were determined for 30 clinical and 39 oyster isolates. Oyster isolates were more biochemically diverse than the clinical isolates, with four of the 20 tests producing variable (defined as 20–80% of isolates) results. Whereas, for clinical isolates only mannitol fermentation, which has previously been associated with virulence potential, varied among the isolates. Nearly half (43%) of clinical isolates were the more virulent genotype (rrnB/vcgC); this trend was consistent when only looking at clinical isolates from blood. The majority (64%) of oyster isolates were the less virulent genotype (rrnA or AB/vcgE). These data were used to select a sub-set of 27 isolates for virulence testing with a subcutaneously inoculated, iron-dextran treated mouse model. Based on the mouse model data, 11 isolates were non-lethal, whereas 16 isolates were lethal, indicating a potential for human infection. Within the non-lethal group there were eight oyster and three clinical isolates. Six of the non-lethal isolates were the less virulent genotype (rrnA/vcgE or rrnAB/vcgE) and two were rrnB/vcgC with the remaining two of mixed genotype (rrnAB/vcgC and rrnB/vcgE). Of the lethal isolates, five were oysters and 11 were clinical. Eight of the lethal isolates were the less virulent genotype and seven the more virulent genotype, with the remaining isolate a mixed genotype (rrnA/vcgC). A discordance between virulence genotype and individual mouse virulence parameters (liver infection, skin infection, skin lesion score, and body temperature) was observed; the variable most strongly associated with mouse virulence parameters was season (warm or cold conditions at time of strain isolation), with more virulent strains isolated from cold conditions. These results indicate that biochemical profiles and genotype are not significantly associated with virulence potential, as determined by a mouse model. However, a relationship with virulence potential and seasonality was observed.

In this paper, a meta-heuristic, namely particle swarm optimization (PSO) is investigated to optimize the infrared (IR)-assisted heat pump drying operation of White leg shrimp in order to ensure relatively shorter drying time with satisfactory product quality. The work aims to evaluate the multi-objective function based on the influence of technological factors, such as final product temperature, rehydration ratio, and final moisture content. The proposed method is implemented under the optimal drying conditions of (10–25) mm sample thickness, (30–60) mm sample distance from the IR heater, (55–65) °C IR temperature, and (IR)-assisted heat pump drying time of (5.5–6.5) h. The experimental results show the completed product with the following minimum values: the final product temperature of 12.24 °C, the rehydration ratio of 2.33%, and the final moisture content of 1.51%, demonstrate the effectiveness and high efficiency of the developed method.

Peer feedback is proved to be effective in helping enhance students' writing quality, but few studies were employed to train high school students to be better peer reviewers. The current study involved 64 grade-11 students in a province in Vietnam to see whether trained peer feedback could be effective for high school students. The experimental group was trained to conduct peer feedback, while the control group did it naturally. The semester lasted for 16 weeks. Data collection was from the pre-test, post-tests, and semi-structured interviews. The results revealed that the most common errors that the students committed were grammar (verbs, articles, repositions), followed by vocabulary (word order, word choice, word form), and mechanics (capitalization, spelling, punctuation). In addition, the students in the experimental group who received peer feedback training could significantly reduce the written errors in the post-test. The students obtained positive attitudes towards peer feedback activities in the writing classroom.