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This study explores how watching international sports is related to the identity of overseas Chinese. Starting from the social significance of mediated sports, the article constructs its conceptual framework through the symbolic power of sports, media events, imagined community, networked publics, and characteristics of the diasporic community. Based on this, the study carried out 10 interviews on the Chinese diaspora in the United Kingdom, summarized the mechanisms and ways of linking mediated sports with national unity, and revealed the factors that will probably cause change to this connection. The results show that the symbolic power of sports and the consciousness as Asian are ties of diaspora identity construction and form patriotism in sporting contexts. Meanwhile, the degree of integration into local society and their community preference are influencing the status of collective identity enhancement brought by mediated sports. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The transnational engagement between the Chinese communist government and first-generation overseas Chinese has been analysed extensively, but the academic analysis of interactions between the Chinese communist government under Xi Jinping and new generation overseas Chinese is scarce. Questions arise regarding how the rise of new generation overseas Chinese has changed the diasporic identity of the overseas Chinese community; what the Xi government's tactics of engaging new generation overseas Chinese are; and how new generation overseas Chinese respond to the Xi government's targeted campaign. By answering these questions, this article provides an important case study for the emerging scholarship on the relations between authoritarian states and new generation diasporas. Building on government archives, ethnographic interviews, media reports, and online and offline diaspora events, this article analyses the Xi government's tactics and challenges of diaspora engagement targeting new generation overseas Chinese, and forecasts an uphill battle for the Xi government. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Economic, social and political factors are the main triggers of human migration, which aims to enable people to obtain better livelihoods. Chinese people are among the ethnic groups that have migrated and settled in Southeast Asian countries, including Indonesia. The traditional Chinese dwelling known as a courtyard house or Siheyuan (四 合 院) is one of the cultural forms brought by Chinese migrants to this recipient region. This type of dwelling might require adjustments due to climatic conditions, materials, and the desire to be accepted by the local community. Therefore, what adaptations have been made by members of the Chinese diaspora living in Yogyakarta city? This research aims to explore the adaptation of the spatial arrangement of Chinese houses in Kampung Ketandan, which is a Chinese settlement that has existed for 200 years in Yogyakarta city and is associated with Javanese culture. This research uses a qualitative method to collect data concerning 6 original Chinese houses through observation and interviews. The analytical process involves spatial zone analysis and an access graph. As a result, the transformation and modification that characterise courtyards and spatial arrangements in Ketandan, Yogyakarta, are revealed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Identity has both personal and social facets, shaped by authentically answering ‘who I am’. Individual authenticity involves living according to one’s principles, values, and beliefs, influenced by self-awareness, independence, social connections, and reason. Philosophers such as Descartes and Aristotle have contributed to this concept, focusing on human awareness and eudaimonia, respectively. Existentialists like Sartre emphasise personal choice and self-definition, underscoring the role of authentic actions and decisions in shaping identity. Beyond individual authenticity, identity is also socially constructed. Social identity complements individual authenticity as individuals integrate their social roles with their personal self. Leisure activities, including music, offer opportunities for self-exploration, empowerment, and expression, allowing individuals to connect with their true selves while engaging with society. This paper explores how leisure shapes the identity of the Chinese diaspora through the first author’s music performance experiences in New Zealand. It explains how leisure activities facilitate cultural communication and identity expression through Chinese traditional music. Using an autoethnographic approach, it highlights how music helps Chinese diasporic individuals express their identity and navigate the complexities of dual or multiple identities within communities. These identities go beyond Chinese and diaspora communities, prompting individuals to balance their true self with multiple identities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT This article explores China's global economic presence by focusing on the changing dynamics of diasporic Chinese entrepreneurship in France. Since the turn of the new century, the ethnic Chinese population in France has become increasingly heterogeneous in migratory trajectory and socioeconomic profile. Accordingly, the focus on economic activities among tight‐knit groups in the traditional model of an ethnic enclave economy might not be adequate to capture new developments in Chinese entrepreneurship that also involve transnational religious practises. Drawing on a multi‐year ethnographic study of the Chinese Christian community in Paris—a major business centre of Chinese wholesale products in Europe, this article explores the Chinese congregational life in one of the most secularised areas of Europe in order to provide an alternative explanation for the relationship of religion and Chinese entrepreneurship. It shows that the main stakeholders spearheading diasporic church growth are those first‐generation male Chinese family entrepreneurs who place paramount emphasis on maintaining ethnic cultural roots and a traditional patriarchal social order. The image of Chinese Christian entrepreneurs with both intense economic aspirations and religious zeal navigating daily life in diaspora provides a timely counterpoint to the popular view of global Chinese migrants as purely economic agents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines how Teng Yun Temple, the oldest sanctioned Chinese temple in Brunei Darussalam, navigates assimilation pressures in a Muslim-majority country while upholding religious orthodoxy and cultural identity through transnational ties with its ancestral land. Serving as a symbol of ethnic Chinese identity, the temple is a bastion of Chinese religious and cultural heritage in a conservative country where political power and cultural space available for non-Malay/Muslims are circumscribed. This article delves into Teng Yun Temple's strategies to adapt religious practices and maintain transnational connections in response to restrictive state regulations. It highlights the agency of Brunei's Chinese minority in preserving their culture and religious practices, showcasing the role of the temple in the country's religious diversity. The case study sheds light on local and transnational dynamics within a Southeast Asian Chinese religious organization, revealing how a religious minority navigates identity and state policies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chinese voluntary associations (CVAs) are often portrayed as "old people's clubs" and extant studies have largely neglected younger generations' experiences in these associations. Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork with younger Singaporean Chinese who engage with CVAs, this paper explores how they negotiate Chineseness in and through the spaces of CVAs. This paper contributes to extant literature in two ways. First, it sheds light on the role of migrant associations in shaping younger generations' ethnic identity and belonging. CVAs act as sites of knowledge, relationships and connections to ancestral places. Yet at the same time, CVAs are spaces where the younger generations experience alienation during their encounters with older generations. Second, the paper responds to larger scholarly concerns about what China's "rise" means for the Chinese diaspora. We approach CVAs as microcosms of Singapore's balancing act in the contemporary geopolitical landscape where China's presence is increasingly felt. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recent studies of Chinese voluntary associations (CVAs) have attempted to highlight the theoretical significance of CVAs for understandings of community (re)making. However, the power dynamics inherent in community (re)making has rarely been expounded. In recognition of this, we weave together case studies across countries to explore the complex power relations played out in and through the transformation of CVAs. Collectively, CVAs are understood as ever-changing, heterogeneous ancestral communities composed of common ancestral ties be it origin, locality, surname, religion or language. We aim to contribute to existing scholarship on ethnic and diaspora studies through focusing on CVAs in three ways: (1) foreground CVAs as sites of power relations through unpacking ethnic relations and gender hierarchies; (2) illuminate Chinese diaspora transnationalism beyond political-economic perspectives; and (3) examine the contemporaneous transformation of ethnic Chinese communities in shifting times, including amidst China's "rise" as a global power. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The International Symposium on Cultural Exchanges between China and the West in the Modern Period was held at Central China Normal University in December 2023, with scholars from China, the US, UK, France, and Sweden discussing topics such as missionary interactions, adaptation of Christianity, localization, new trends, historical materials, and new fields of research. The symposium highlighted the complexity of interactions between missionaries and locals in China, the adaptation of Christianity to Chinese culture, and the localization of Christianity in late Qing and early Republican China. Scholars also explored new research avenues, such as the intersection of Eastern and Western medicine and the dissemination of Western medical knowledge in China. [Extracted from the article]

China's supreme leader Xi Jinping pursues a "whole-nation" approach to acquire strategic technology from advanced nations. It means the Chinese state uses all resources at its disposal to tap and steer Chinese citizens and members of the Chinese diaspora to use their expertise, money, and network to acquire strategic technology from abroad. This article demonstrates that this approach has three main defining features. The first is to attract foreign technology firms to China, where they are incentivized or coerced into sharing technologies with Chinese companies, especially state-owned enterprises. The second is to acquire foreign technology firms abroad through mergers and acquisitions, portfolio investment, loans, foreign venture capital firms, and greenfield investment. The third is to recruit global technology talents, especially by enticing scientists from advanced countries to relocate to China to carry out research for the benefit of Chinese entities. This paper concludes that while the "whole-nation" approach has delivered significant results, it is reaching the limit of what it can deliver due mainly to backlashes from the governments and companies in Western countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study explores the representation of Singaporean Chinese diasporic identity in Hwee Hwee Tan's novel Mammon Inc. with the help of cultural linguistics. This article seeks to analyze how the novel contributes to understanding diasporic identity and cultural negotiation, with a focus on how the portrayal of the main character reshapes the delicate equilibrium between traditional values and global capitalist pressures. Drawing on Farzad Sharifian's cultural conceptualization framework and Gary B. Palmer's ethnosemantic analysis, this study focuses on cultural schemas and metaphors in the novel. We identify passages in Mammon Inc. that illustrate themes of identity negotiation, cultural displacement, and the impact of globalization on traditional values. Through the categorization of themes and metaphors, we aim to identify culturally relevant schemas pertaining to the Singaporean Chinese diaspora.4 We also employ Palmer's ethnosemantic analysis to expose how the novel's language reflects the cognitive and cultural frameworks of the protagonist. The metaphorical language used in the novel reveals the protagonist's struggle to balance familial expectations with personal ambitions, thus challenging simplistic narratives of identity. This analysis of Tan's novel enhances cultural linguistics and diaspora studies by deepening our understanding of how cultural and linguistic factors influence the representation and understanding of diasporic experiences. It underscores the importance of language and culture in the negotiation of identity, offering a nuanced perspective on the complexities faced by the Singaporean Chinese diaspora in a globalized world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores the evolving relationship between Taiwan and Malaysia. The focus is on the growing importance of people-to-people diplomacy, particularly through youth engagement. They have become central in fostering exchanges related to democratic values and popular culture, bridging the two societies in significant ways. Using literature and interview data, the paper analyzes the mutual exchanges between Taiwanese and Malaysian Chinese youth, exploring the driving factors behind the rise of youth power and their tangible actions. Furthermore, the concept of a new ethnicity is examined, highlighting how their identities and behaviors diverge from traditional Chinese communities. This shift in identity, shaped by global influences and local contexts, marks a significant transformation in how these youth relate to one another and the broader Chinese diaspora. This evolving identity is expected to play a crucial role in shaping the future of Taiwan-Malaysia relations, suggesting that the younger generation will continue to play a vital role in strengthening bilateral ties and promoting cross-cultural understanding in the years to come. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Trans/Form/Ação is the property of Trans/Form/Acao and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This research explores the profound impact of digital media on the lives of Chinese immigrants in Ikebukuro Chinatown. It illustrates how the Internet and digital platforms have transformed their economic, social, and identity landscapes. Employing qualitative methods such as surveys and interviews, this study underscores the pivotal role of social media in creating expansive networks. These networks facilitate ethnic entrepreneurship and enhance cultural visibility, contributing to the deterritorialization of traditional community confines. This empowerment enables the Chinese diaspora in Ikebukuro to cultivate a rich, interconnected social tapestry that extends beyond geographic limitations. The findings underscore the central role of digital media mediatization processes in redefining immigrant experiences. Additionally, they promote deeper, more dynamic integration within the host society’s multicultural environment. This transformative shift emphasizes the emergence of a more fluid, networked form of community and identity among immigrants. It challenges conventional enclave models and offers new perspectives on diaspora engagement in the digital age.

Previous studies have described diaspora members as linguistically stable subjects on whom bounded linguistic or ethnic categories are imposed, yet more recent research tends to view transnational identity as fluid and situational. This study investigates how adolescents with advanced Chinese and English proficiency living across China and the United States perceive their language and identity under conditions of constant mobility. Drawn from a two-year ethnographic project on Chinese diasporic families, the present study adopted phenomenography as the methodological approach and collected data through interviews and participant observations with 18 transnational adolescents living in the US. The findings reveal the adolescents’ perspectives on transnational identity as a situated construct that entails one’s sense of location, nationality, ethnicity, culture, kinship, language and pursuit of personal meaning. These many facets of identity are not mutually exclusive but closely interrelated, and these adolescents can access a rich identity repertoire through strategic bilingual/multilingual practices. These findings suggest the fluidity and complexity of transnational identity and illustrate the analytical efficacy of phenomenography. Crucially, through this way of identity performance these bi/multilinguals are able to break the hyphenated entitlement (e.g. ‘Chinese-American’) that may have suppressed their self-recognition and embrace a fascinating world with unprecedented possibilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Chinese Christian community occupies an essential position in the pluralistic religious landscape of modern Singapore, which is known as a multicultural and multiracial immigrant society. Despite being a minority compared with Buddhists and Taoists in Singapore, the historical formation and contemporary existence of the Chinese Christian community in Singapore not only embodies religious diversity, but also contributes significantly to Singapore's social development. This paper zooms into the founding and evolution of the Jubilee Church to see how Chinese Christians contributed to the revolutionary cause, took part in the anti-opium movement, and advanced educational activities in Singapore. Particularly, by establishing the Singapore Reading Room, participating in the founding of the Anti-Opium Society and the Chinese Kindergarten, the Jubilee Church played an important role in Singapore's history, contributing to the modernization of Singapore in terms of advancing ideas, improving social order, and promoting education. We aim to shed light on how Chinese Christians were engaged in social activities, taking up significant roles in the transformation of the Chinese diaspora in Singapore. More importantly, we argue that these varied social engagements significantly impacted the development of Christianity. Through a detailed historical case study on the Jubilee Church, this paper proposes that social functions and religious evangelization are mutually constitutive, thus complicating our understanding of the entangled relationship among Chinese diaspora, Christianity, and motherland China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper focuses on assessing the influence of the Chinese diaspora (overseas Chinese, in Chinese: huaqiao-huaren) on the economic development of the People's Republic of China in the course of the reform and opening-up policy (1979-2020s). The author has studied virtually all the key official documents of the PRC leadership, which effectively engaged the Chinese diaspora in the nation's long-term strategy of socialist modernisation. Based on the analysis of a large body of academic literature and statistical data, the author identified three main stages in the development of overseas Chinese enterprises in the PRC: 1979-1991, original capital accumulation and the policy of labour-intensive production of export products; 1992-2007, an investment boom and the transition from labour-intensive to capital-intensive production of export products; 2008-early 2020s, the transition to high-tech production and the replacement of foreign enterprises. Each stage is characterised in the context of the PRC's diaspora policy and key developments in China and the world. The paper analyses the sectoral structure of the business activities of overseas Chinese-owned enterprises in the PRC. It shows that for almost the entire period of the reform and opening up policy, these companies focused on manufacturing, while their interest in the service sector was also growing. In total, overseas Chinese invested USD1.9 trillion in the PRC between 1979 and 2022, accounting for more than 67% of China's total FDI stock. The author concludes that the PRC leadership has rationally used the resources of the Chinese diaspora to ensure their full participation in China's economic development during the reform and opening-up period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research explores the profound impact of digital media on the lives of Chinese immigrants in Ikebukuro Chinatown. It illustrates how the Internet and digital platforms have transformed their economic, social, and identity landscapes. Employing qualitative methods such as surveys and interviews, this study underscores the pivotal role of social media in creating expansive networks. These networks facilitate ethnic entrepreneurship and enhance cultural visibility, contributing to the deterritorialization of traditional community confines. This empowerment enables the Chinese diaspora in Ikebukuro to cultivate a rich, interconnected social tapestry that extends beyond geographic limitations. The findings underscore the central role of digital media mediatization processes in redefining immigrant experiences. Additionally, they promote deeper, more dynamic integration within the host society's multicultural environment. This transformative shift emphasizes the emergence of a more fluid, networked form of community and identity among immigrants. It challenges conventional enclave models and offers new perspectives on diaspora engagement in the digital age. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines the vernacular system of racial designations and perceptions deployed by Chinese migrants in Italy for making sense of the pluralistic and hierarchical racial reality in which they live. Data primarily came from 14 months of ethnographic fieldwork in Bologna from 2014 to 2015 and the subsequent annual visits until the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. Focusing on three major racial labels, it sheds light on the ways in which Chinese diasporic subjects produce a racialized vocabulary related to racism and practice racial formations in transnational contexts. Their localised racial ideology reflects their predicament of being simultaneously both socially vulnerable and economically privileged. It paradoxically both reproduces and negotiates the preexisting Italian racial hierarchy that also reflects globally circulating racial hierarchies, while intersecting with their own understandings of civility and modernity. The perspectives of Chinese migrants who, themselves subject to racialisation, also racialise others reveal a contested bottom-up narrative of racial formation in a European society experiencing rapid demographic change. This ethnographic study thus challenges the existing narratives of racialisation and immigration beyond Eurocentric frameworks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Medan is a port city in Sumatra, Dutch East Indies, developed in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. A special case among colonial cities, it featured a large number of Chinese migrants – a third party in addition to the colonizer and the colonized – who played a key role in its urbanization process. Highlighting a trichotomous power framework formed by the Dutch colonizer, the indigenous people and the Chinese diaspora, this paper argues that the Chinese diaspora, with the arrival of commercial elites, obtained opportunities to shape the backbone of the city through skilfully transforming their economic power into political and spatial power. Chinese economic activities such as property investment and co-development not only led to unconventional Chinese quarters but shaped the zoning and axiality of the whole city. The Chinese diaspora also shaped Medan’s streetscape and architecture through individual building design, which, in turn, strengthened their economic power by the careful manipulation of architectural elements from various sources to suit different purposes. The planning history of Medan represents an alternative trajectory to colonial urbanization often led by Europeans, highlighting an ambiguous and shifting power relation among three parties in a transforming colonial society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to explore the relationships among leisure, heritage, and identity through the case study of Malaysian Chinese 24 Festive Drums Performance. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 10 respondents who were members of the Chinese diaspora from Malaysia currently studying in China and practising 24 Festive Drums as their leisure activity. The findings showed that the three components are interrelated: (a) as identity carrier, heritage confirmed identity, while identity helped to spread the heritage; (b) identity served as a motivation for leisure, which in turn increased leisure participation and strengthened identity; (c) heritage was promoted as leisure practice, which further developed as serious leisure. This study has theoretical contributions in developing a triangular model of interrelationships between leisure, heritage, and identity. Furthermore, practical implications were discussed on demonstrating the potential of the role of leisure in heritage promotion and identity construction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Zhongping Chen's article in Diplomatic History delves into the rivalry between Chinese reformers and revolutionaries in diasporic communities in North America around the turn of the twentieth century. The narrative focuses on grassroots diplomacy and the mobilization efforts of Chinese political activists among male diasporic elites in North American Chinatowns. Chen employs a network approach to highlight the interconnectedness between reformers and revolutionaries, challenging the notion of starkly separate camps. While the study admirably aims to shift the focus from celebrity figures like Kang Youwei and Sun Yat-sen to diasporic Chinese activists, the narrative occasionally gets sidetracked by the allure of these prominent figures. [Extracted from the article]

The article "REDEFINING MULTICULTURAL FAMILIES IN SOUTH KOREA: Reflections and Future Directions" explores the development of multiculturalism in South Korea, challenging the country's nationalist ideology of monoethnicity and pure bloodline. The editors, Minjeong Kim and Hyeyoung Woo, address critical issues related to multicultural families in South Korea, providing a comprehensive view of migration, gender, family, and marriage in the country. The volume offers insights into the diverse experiences of multicultural families, emphasizing power dynamics within families and the need for further research on second-generation immigrants and co-ethnic communities. [Extracted from the article]

Based on oral histories and archival research in Hong Kong, Macau, and Guangzhou, this article focuses on identity and cultural formation among the descendants of overseas Chinese men and Latin American women. Some of the children and grandchildren of Chinese men and their wives in the diaspora have adopted Latin American identities even when they have never been to the region. While Chinese Latinos have created hybrid linguistic, cultural, and religious expressions, notions of Latin America have been central. Considering the myriad ways people have taken up Latin Americanness and integrated it into their mixed identities in Macau, Hong Kong, and southern China, this work explores what these experiences can tell us about the Chinese diaspora, return overseas migration, and the idea of "Latin America," showing how Chinese Latino transnational families add to and complicate our understanding of the Latin American Chinese diaspora as well as southern China as a borderlands and contact zone. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chinese humanitarian actors have worked frequently with the Chinese diaspora in disaster‐affected areas, but little, if any, research has been conducted into the important role of the diaspora in disaster response and humanitarian assistance. This paper investigates what local knowledge the Chinese diaspora has offered to humanitarian actors from the People's Republic of China (PRC), and how this has contributed to their effectiveness. Based on a case study of the semi‐autonomous Indonesian province of Aceh in the aftermath of the Indian Ocean tsunami of 2004, this paper argues that the diaspora can serve as a linchpin in local and international humanitarian action. It can do so by strengthening networks and bringing together local ethnic communities, local governments, and the PRC's humanitarian actors, while also offering local knowledge in the form of contextual memory. Such local knowledge may have to be fully utilised to address any underlying ethnic tensions in disaster‐affected areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Amidst the COVID-19 pandemic, a surge in anti-Chinese sentiment emerged as a pressing issue, with debates on how the pandemic exacerbated such sentiments. To explore this intricate relationship, we conducted two survey experiments, incorporating COVID-specific contextual inquiries in Australia and the United States during two phases (8–21 June 2021 and 28 July-12 August 2022). Our findings reveal that individuals' perceptions of the Chinese diaspora remained unaltered when presented with information regarding the Chinese government's initial management of COVID-19. However, when exposed to a message suggesting the Chinese government's influence over overseas Chinese communities, people's attitudes towards the Chinese diaspora significantly deteriorated. In addition, Australian respondents demonstrated heightened sensitivity to perceived foreign interference from China compared to their American counterparts. Our study underscores the role of suspicions and apprehensions surrounding China-related foreign interference in shaping anti-Chinese sentiment in the Western context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Many nineteenth-century Chinese migrants to Pacific Rim countries died far from their home villages. Diverse approaches were adopted to mark graves, possibly anticipating the subsequent, culturally important, repatriation of their bones. This paper evaluates the morphology of grave markers from eight northeast Australian sites and considers reasons for the variations. Physical appraisal of each site was undertaken and, where they exist, cemetery records and allied documentation examined. In an unusual departure from the norm the inscriptions on most identified grave markers rarely indicate date of death. The seemingly meticulous attention to grave identification in some areas contrasts with others where markers are absent. This study indicates divergent approaches to identification and recording of individual graves over time and place. Rather than indicating full-fledged ethnogenesis, wherein Australian Chinese developed new cultural practices, these behaviors suggest that ca.1870–1930 was a transitional period, during which extant cultural processes were adapted to meet immediate needs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Prior to burning down in 1906 CE, Point Alones in the Monterey Bay region of Central California was home to one of the largest Chinese fishing communities in the United States of America. Both historical records and the recovery of numerous cartilaginous fish (Chondrichthyes) vertebrae during archaeological excavations of the village indicate sharks were among the taxonomic groups being regularly harvested by its inhabitants. However, as shark vertebrae are difficult to identify past the family-level using conventional morphology-based approaches, our understanding of the Point Alones shark fishery remains incomplete. In this study, we address this issue by using ancient DNA analysis to assign species-level identifications to a sample of 54 shark vertebrae from the site. We successfully amplified a 173 bp fragment of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I gene from 47 of the 54 analyzed specimens (87.03%). Our results indicate that Tope Shark (Galeorhinus galeus; n = 39) was the primary focus of the site's shark fishery, with Brown Smooth-Hound (Mustelus henlei; n = 7) and Leopard Shark (Triakis semifasciata; n = 1) also harvested to a lesser extent. All three of these species are found locally in the waters overlying the continental shelf, suggesting Chinese fishers were harvesting sharks from these coastal environments. While some of the sharks caught by fishers from Point Alones were likely being consumed at the village, historical records suggest a significant number of fins from harvested Tope Sharks were also likely being exported to China and other diaspora communities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This essay examines the problematic 'primitivist' positions adopted by the artist and viewer when engaging with the 'Nanyang art' of Singapore's preeminent pioneering artist, Liu Kang (b. 1911–2004). In this re-evaluation of the artist's modernist pursuit, I argue that Liu Kang's experience of Bali – a place uniquely distanced from the cultural politics of mainland China and with access to nude models – provided the fertile conditions for the mastery and syncretising of artistic techniques in the formulation of modern Nanyang landscapes, which the artist later defined as Nanyang feng'ge (trans. Nanyang style). Subsequent politicisation of the Nanyang Style/Nanyang Art has overshadowed the more significant localisation of an exogenous picture category, 'female nudes'. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article "Australia in the Region: Dialogue, Transparency and Trust" by Australian High Commissioner to Malaysia, H. E. Danielle Heinicke, discusses Australia's evolving role in the Indo-Pacific region, emphasizing the importance of understanding and working with regional partners, including China, for a peaceful and prosperous region. Australia has launched economic strategies to boost trade with Southeast Asia and maintains a strong relationship with ASEAN. The article also highlights the contributions of the Australian Chinese diaspora and emphasizes the importance of trust, transparency, and dialogue in regional partnerships for a peaceful and stable future. [Extracted from the article]

This study examined the everyday experiences of racism among Chinese immigrants in Canada. Data came from nine virtual focus groups comprising 48 participants of diverse genders and ages taking place in December 2021 and January 2022. We conducted our qualitative analysis by drawing on Essed’s conceptualization of everyday racism and Crenshaw’s conceptualization of intersectionality. Thematic and content analysis showed that racism against Chinese immigrants is more pervasive than previously recognized. Three-quarters of the participants disclosed instances of racism across various settings, including workplaces, schools, shops, airports, banks, hotels, restaurants, streets, and online. Some gender and age groups reported more incidents than others. Young men, on average, encountered the greatest number, followed by young and middle-aged women, while older men reported the fewest. Types of racist incidents also varied by age and gender. Young and middle-aged women encountered unsolicited intimate remarks and racism related to gender division of labour, while older adults, both men and women, faced racism associated with service provision. Younger men reported online racism. Some older participants remained unaware of the racist nature of their encounters, and middle-aged and older men tended to deny having experienced racist encounters. Given these findings, we suggest the need to raise awareness, establish empowerment initiatives, and adopt intersectionality approaches to address and combat racism against Chinese immigrants in Canada. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rumours, hearsay and gossip are a constitutive part of societies and play a fundamental role in coercing, controlling and disciplining individuals in the search for social cohesion. They tend to emerge at times of social tension and civilisational conflict, in order to provide answers and solutions to the resulting events. In this sense, the aim of this article is to understand the role of rumours produced and shared by Cape Verdean shopkeepers about the presence of Chinese immigrants in the country. To do this, I analyse two ethnographic and commercial contexts that are deeply marked by the presence of Cape Verdean women and competition from the Chinese commercial diaspora: the transnational trade in industrialised products in Mindelo, on the island of São Vicente, and the production and sale of "genuine" Cape Verdean handicrafts in the souvenir market on the island of Santiago. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Index.Comunicación is the property of Index.comunicacion and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

At the interface of Chinese diaspora studies, migration studies, and urban studies, this introduction argues for a shift towards city-based migration studies. The city is understood here not as a self-contained social cosmos, but as a globally and socially embedded urban level that opens up a more flexible perspective on the unfolding of migration processes at the micro, meso, and macro levels. It begins with a brief overview of recent trends in Chinese diaspora studies, global migration and urbanisation trends, and debates in critical geography on multi-scale urban theories. Then, it raises the question of the empirical feasibility of such an approach and argues for conceptualising migrants' agency as a starting point for migration research, rather than pursuing a policy-driven, normative approach. Finally, it presents the five empirical contributions to this Special Issue. They are based on fieldwork in Paris, Berlin, Manchester (UK), Mexico City, Lagos, Gaborone, and Windhoek. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article contributes to the emerging field of research on collaborative governance in crises. It asks how social organisations see their contribution of skills and expertise to tackling a wicked problem such as the Covid-19 pandemic. For this purpose, I interviewed representatives of ethnic Chinese organisations about their work and relationships with the local government in Manchester in 2020 and 2021. Ethnic Chinese organisations are an interesting group because they had early access to knowledge about the spread of the virus and its harmfulness. Collaboration with them could potentially have helped to contain the pandemic in the ethnic Chinese community in the city and beyond. Based on semi-structured interviews with representatives of ethnic Chinese organisations and applying the combined theoretical frameworks of social capital and collaborative governance theories, the study identifies five organisational types in terms of their involvement in collaborative governance efforts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: Diaspora diplomacy is a fundamental framework for understanding diasporic engagement, the ways in which diasporic communities from the Global South contribute to the political and economic landscapes of their home nations, as well as the role their diasporic advocacy plays in the relationships between home and host nations. However, complex histories of migration and colonialism can complicate the perceived site of the diaspora's diplomacy. Recent publications reflect on the concept of 'multiple worlds' within postcolonial diasporic communities. In this article, I partner diaspora diplomacy with the postcolonial framework of hybridities to trace the shifting roles of Chinese Jamaican institutions as diasporic diplomats over time. I explore how these organisations both navigate and reinvent themselves within the diverse formations of Chinese identity that endure within the Chinese diasporic 'periphery', changing local and Chinese geopolitics and their own positionality within a primarily Black, postcolonial nation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The COVID-19 pandemic intensified unfavorable international news coverage of the Chinese Government with consequences for the Chinese diaspora broadly. To understand these relationships, we conducted surveys in Australia and the United States from 8 to 21 June 2021. Using a survey experiment, we find a significant negative impact of the Chinese Government's early handling of COVID-19 on public sentiment toward the Chinese Government in Australia but not in the United States. In both countries, expressing unfriendly feelings toward the Chinese Government tends to harm Chinese temporary residents more (compared to permanent residents). The associations between attitudes toward the Chinese Government and diasporic Chinese differ significantly across demographic groups but overall, holding cold attitudes toward the Chinese Government has stronger negative implications for diasporic Chinese in Australia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article is devoted to the analysis of the process of formation of the Chinese Diaspora in the USA. Chinese immigration to the United States of America has a long history and dates back to the 18th century. The article describes the main stages of the formation of the Chinese Diaspora in the United States. The authors distinguish three key waves of Chinese migration to the USA: the first wave dates from the middle of the 19th century until 1949; the second phase of Chinese immigration to the United States lasted from 1949 to the 1970s; the third wave of Chinese immigration to the United States covers the period from 1980 to the present. The main features of the formation of the Chinese Diaspora in the United States were the consequences of a temporary economic downturn in the territory of the PRC after the Cultural Revolution, the attempts of the upper class of the Chinese population to provide better education for the next generation, concern about the return of the territory of Hong Kong to China, attempts to increase their income level. Hence the phenomenon of the outflow of minds from the Celestial Empire. Another feature was the liberal policy of the US towards Chinese migrants, who became participants and witnesses of political troubles inside the PRC, lack of freedom of speech in their homeland. Many Chinese move to the United States due to the fact that part of their family previously settled in these territories. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chinese identity in Southeast Asia has become complex and multifaceted over the past few decades. The Chinese diaspora in Southeast Asia has faced political challenges that pressure acculturation and assimilation, transforming its identity. This critical literature review outlines how Chinese identity in Southeast Asia has been viewed in connection with international relations and global politics. Using a taxonomic approach to scholarly works on the subject, the findings show that Chinese identity in Southeast Asia is a multi-dimensional one composed of diverse and unique community identities. Chinese identity is also viewed as a spectrum that is imagined both by nation-states and the community itself. Consequently, members of the Chinese diaspora are not simply viewed as actors, agents, or political instruments in international politics but also as independent subjects with their own stories and experiences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study explores Chinese immigrant parents' decision-making processes regarding childcare arrangements in Spain based on migration status and the availability of kinship networks. Drawing on 33 semi-structured interviews with Chinese parents who have preschool-aged children during the early stages of parenthood, this study reveals that Chinese immigrants' childcare management is largely based on informal childcare provided by extended family members in both the host society and home country due to its high quality and flexibility, and because it transfers cultural values to the second generation. Moreover, migrant parents' childcare needs are constantly negotiated within extended families due to the roles of grandparents' care in other family members' wellbeing. By exploring Chinese families' collaborations, negotiations, and even conflicts in the childrearing decision-making process following families' migration to a receiving country, our research contributes to a better understanding of the complexity of migration and the role of kinship networks in ethnic minority groups' childcare choices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In On not speaking Chinese , cultural studies scholar Ien Ang characterizes migrant scholars as 'tactical interventionists'; instead of making counter-hegemonic claims, they usually bring out the contradictions and the violence inherent in all posited truths. In the spirit of this claim, I thought long and hard about how to make the best use of my connections to both worlds – my lived experience of growing up in China and my access to academic resources in English-language academia. As James Gethyn Evans will show in his essay in this roundtable, 'decolonizing' the field of Chinese history should involve the dual tasks of questioning the hegemonic narratives propagated by the People's Republic of China (PRC) government and the concentration of knowledge production in the Global North. Without the participation of PRC-based scholars, the current 'decolonization' movement would become a Western enterprise just like colonization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on a special double issue of Visual Studies titled "Imagining the City," which explores urban environments through two lenses The Spectacle of the Chinese City and Critical Visual Approaches to Understand the Complexities and Contradictions of the City. The first part examines the commodification and atmospheric aspects of newly built Chinese cities, while the second part explores various visual methods to critically analyze urban landscapes globally.

The article focuses on the urban transformations and socio-political dynamics in Chinese cities, exemplified by the case of Datong's redevelopment, highlighting the displacement of residents and manipulation of heritage for aesthetic purposes. Topics include the impact of government policies on urban landscapes, the role of mayors as key actors in city planning and the consequences of urban renewal projects on local communities.

This study offers a comprehensive exploration and analysis of "huaqiao nongchang," commonly known as overseas Chinese farms, situated within contemporary China's territorial boundaries. These administrative units, established in the 1950s-1980s, served as an intriguing aspect of emigrant administration and were established in three distinct phases. Initially, they functioned as agricultural entities, predominantly inhabited by ethnic Chinese returning en masse from countries such as Malaysia, Indonesia, Vietnam, and others to the newlyformed People's Republic of China in 1949.The author's primary objective is to fill gaps in our understanding of this phenomenon and to dissect the logic behind the stages of their creation, settlement, and subsequent reforms within China. This article excels in its contextualization within the historical framework, shedding light on the unique characteristics of these settlements. A comprehensive analysis of works by Chinese experts uncovers a significant reason for the PRC authorities' adoption of this approach: it provided a swift solution to hunger-related issues and the employment of vast refugee populations.As time progressed, drawbacks in this approach to managing emigrants became apparent. The initial economic struggles of these settlements, coupled with unfavorable socio-cultural environments and a lack of effective organizational strategies for settlers, necessitated ongoing reforms. The transformation of certain "huaqiao nongchang" units from unproductive state farms into profitable agricultural enterprises occurred due to various factors, including decentralization of decision-making, redirection toward local markets, alleviation of social tensions, workforce training, and their integration into the broader Chinese economy.This article supplements its analysis with excerpts from settlers' memoirs, offering firsthand insights into the lives and experiences of overseas Chinese emigrants returning to their homeland. Additionally, it provides a concise examination of the terminology associated with this subject matter.