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1. Erratum to: The LUX-ZEPLIN (LZ) radioactivity and cleanliness control programs

Author: Akerib, DS, Akerlof, CW, Akimov, D Yu, Alquahtani, A, Alsum, SK, Anderson, TJ, Angelides, N, Araújo, HM, Arbuckle, A, Armstrong, JE, Arthurs, M, Auyeung, H, Aviles, S, Bai, X, Bailey, AJ, Balajthy, J, Balashov, S, Bang, J, Barry, MJ, Bauer, D, Bauer, P, Baxter, A, Belle, J, Beltrame, P, Bensinger, J, Benson, T, Bernard, EP, Bernstein, A, Bhatti, A, Biekert, A, Biesiadzinski, TP, Birch, HJ, Birrittella, B, Boast, KE, Bolozdynya, AI, Boulton, EM, Boxer, B, Bramante, R, Branson, S, Brás, P, Breidenbach, M, Brew, CAJ, Buckley, JH, Bugaev, VV, Bunker, R, Burdin, S, Busenitz, JK, Cabrita, R, Campbell, JS, Carels, C, Carlsmith, DL, Carlson, B, Carmona-Benitez, MC, Cascella, M, Chan, C, Cherwinka, JJ, Chiller, AA, Chiller, C, Chott, NI, Cole, A, Coleman, J, Colling, D, Conley, RA, Cottle, A, Coughlen, R, Cox, G, Craddock, WW, Curran, D, Currie, A, Cutter, JE, da Cunha, JP, Dahl, CE, Dardin, S, Dasu, S, Davis, J, Davison, TJR, de Viveiros, L, Decheine, N, Dobi, A, Dobson, JEY, Druszkiewicz, E, Dushkin, A, Edberg, TK, Edwards, WR, Edwards, BN, Edwards, J, Elnimr, MM, Emmet, WT, Eriksen, SR, Faham, CH, Fan, A, Fayer, S, Fiorucci, S, Flaecher, H, Florang, IM Fogarty, Ford, P, Francis, VB, Fraser, ED, Froborg, F, and Fruth, T
Subjects: Particle and High Energy Physics, Astronomical Sciences, Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics, Physical Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Quantum Physics, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Astronomical sciences, Atomic, molecular and optical physics, Particle and high energy physics
Abstract: The reference to the article is Manuscript ID EPJC-20-06-042 from the internal review perspective. The reference to the article as published, is: (Table presented.).
Published: 2022

2. The LUX-ZEPLIN (LZ) radioactivity and cleanliness control programs

Author: Akerib, D. S., Akerlof, C. W., Akimov, D. Yu., Alquahtani, A., Alsum, S. K., Anderson, T. J., Angelides, N., Araújo, H. M., Arbuckle, A., Armstrong, J. E., Arthurs, M., Auyeung, H., Aviles, S., Bai, X., Bailey, A. J., Balajthy, J., Balashov, S., Bang, J., Barry, M. J., Bauer, D., Bauer, P., Baxter, A., Belle, J., Beltrame, P., Bensinger, J., Benson, T., Bernard, E. P., Bernstein, A., Bhatti, A., Biekert, A., Biesiadzinski, T. P., Birch, H. J., Birrittella, B., Boast, K. E., Bolozdynya, A. I., Boulton, E. M., Boxer, B., Bramante, R., Branson, S., Brás, P., Breidenbach, M., Brew, C. A. J., Buckley, J. H., Bugaev, V. V., Bunker, R., Burdin, S., Busenitz, J. K., Cabrita, R., Campbell, J. S., Carels, C., Carlsmith, D. L., Carlson, B., Carmona-Benitez, M. C., Cascella, M., Chan, C., Cherwinka, J. J., Chiller, A. A., Chiller, C., Chott, N. I., Cole, A., Coleman, J., Colling, D., Conley, R. A., Cottle, A., Coughlen, R., Cox, G., Craddock, W. W., Curran, D., Currie, A., Cutter, J. E., da Cunhaw, J. P., Dahl, C. E., Dardin, S., Dasu, S., Davis, J., Davison, T. J. R., de Viveiros, L., Decheine, N., Dobi, A., Dobson, J. E. Y., Druszkiewicz, E., Dushkin, A., Edberg, T. K., Edwards, W. R., Edwards, B. N., Edwards, J., Elnimr, M. M., Emmet, W. T., Eriksen, S. R., Faham, C. H., Fan, A., Fayer, S., Fiorucci, S., Flaecher, H., Florang, I. M. Fogarty, Ford, P., Francis, V. B., Fraser, E. D., Froborg, F., Fruth, T., Gaitskell, R. J., Gantos, N. J., Garcia, D., Gehman, V. M., Gelfand, R., Genovesi, J., Gerhard, R. M., Ghag, C., Gibson, E., Gilchriese, M. G. D., Gokhale, S., Gomber, B., Gonda, T. G., Greenall, A., Greenwood, S., Gregerson, G., van der Grinten, M. G. D., Gwilliam, C. B., Hall, C. R., Hamilton, D., Hans, S., Hanzel, K., Harrington, T., Harrison, A., Harrison, J., Hasselkus, C., Haselschwardt, S. J., Hemer, D., Hertel, S. A., Heise, J., Hillbrand, S., Hitchcock, O., Hjemfelt, C., Hoff, M. D., Holbrook, B., Holtom, E., Hor, J. Y-K., Horn, M., Huang, D. Q., Hurteau, T. W., Ignarra, C. M., Irving, M. N., Jacobsen, R. G., Jahangir, O., Jeffery, S. N., Ji, W., Johnson, M., Johnson, J., Johnson, P., Jones, W. G., Kaboth, A. C., Kamaha, A., Kamdin, K., Kasey, V., Kazkaz, K., Keefner, J., Khaitan, D., Khaleeq, M., Khazov, A., Khromov, A. V., Khurana, I., Kim, Y. D., Kim, W. T., Kocher, C. D., Kodroff, D., Konovalov, A. M., Korley, L., Korolkova, E. V., Koyuncu, M., Kras, J., Kraus, H., Kravitz, S. W., Krebs, H. J., Kreczko, L., Krikler, B., Kudryavtsev, V. A., Kumpan, A. V., Kyre, S., Lambert, A. R., Landerud, B., Larsen, N. A., Laundrie, A., Leason, E. A., Lee, H. S., Lee, J., Lee, C., Lenardo, B. G., Leonard, D. S., Leonard, R., Lesko, K. T., Levy, C., Li, J., Liu, Y., Liao, J., Liao, F. -T., Lin, J., Lindote, A., Linehan, R., Lippincott, W. H., Liu, R., Liu, X., Loniewski, C., Lopes, M. I., Lopez-Asamar, E., Paredes, B. López, Lorenzon, W., Lucero, D., Luitz, S., Lyle, J. M., Lynch, C., Majewski, P. A., Makkinje, J., Malling, D. C., Manalaysay, A., Manenti, L., Mannino, R. L., Marangou, N., Markley, D. J., MarrLaundrie, P., Martin, T. J., Marzioni, M. F., Maupin, C., McConnell, C. T., McKinsey, D. N., McLaughlin, J., Mei, D. -M., Meng, Y., Miller, E. H., Minaker, Z. J., Mizrachi, E., Mock, J., Molash, D., Monte, A., Monzani, M. E., Morad, J. A., Morrison, E., Mount, B. J., Murphy, A. St. J., Naim, D., Naylor, A., Nedlik, C., Nehrkorn, C., Nelson, H. N., Nesbit, J., Neves, F., Nikkel, J. A., Nikoleyczik, J. A., Nilima, A., O'Dell, J., Oh, H., O'Neill, F. G., O'Sullivan, K., Olcina, I., Olevitch, M. A., Oliver-Mallory, K. C., Oxborough, L., Pagac, A., Pagenkopf, D., Pal, S., Palladino, K. J., Palmaccio, V. M., Palmer, J., Pangilinan, M., Parveen, N., Patton, S. J., Pease, E. K., Penning, B. P., Pereira, G., Pereira, C., Peterson, I. B., Piepke, A., Pierson, S., Powell, S., Preece, R. M., Pushkin, K., Qie, Y., Racine, M., Ratcliff, B. N., Reichenbacher, J., Reichhart, L., Rhyne, C. A., Richards, A., Riffard, Q., Rischbieter, G. R. C., Rodrigues, J. P., Rose, H. J., Rosero, R., Rossiter, P., Rucinski, R., Rutherford, G., Saba, J. S., Sabarots, L., Santone, D., Sarychev, M., Sazzad, A. B. M. R., Schnee, R. W., Schubnell, M., Scovell, P. R., Severson, M., Seymour, D., Shaw, S., Shutt, G. W., Shutt, T. A., Silk, J. J., Silva, C., Skarpaas, K., Skulski, W., Smith, A. R., Smith, R. J., Smith, R. E., So, J., Solmaz, M., Solovov, V. N., Sorensen, P., Sosnovtsev, V. V., Stancu, I., Stark, M. R., Stephenson, S., Stern, N., Stevens, A., Stiegler, T. M., Stifter, K., Studley, R., Sumner, T. J., Sundarnath, K., Sutcliffe, P., Swanson, N., Szydagis, M., Tan, M., Taylor, W. C., Taylor, R., Taylor, D. J., Temples, D., Tennyson, B. P., Terman, P. A., Thomas, K. J., Thomson, J. A., Tiedt, D. R., Timalsina, M., To, W. H., Tomás, A., Tope, T. E., Tripathi, M., Tronstad, D. R., Tull, C. E., Turner, W., Tvrznikova, L., Utes, M., Utku, U., Uvarov, S., Va'vra, J., Vacheret, A., Vaitkus, A., Verbus, J. R., Vietanen, T., Voirin, E., Vuosalo, C. O., Walcott, S., Waldron, W. L., Walker, K., Wang, J. J., Wang, R., Wang, L., Wang, W., Wang, Y., Watson, J. R., Migneault, J., Weatherly, S., Webb, R. C., Wei, W. -Z., While, M., White, R. G., White, J. T., White, D. T., Whitis, T. J., Wisniewski, W. J., Wilson, K., Witherell, M. S., Wolfs, F. L. H., Wolfs, J. D., Woodward, D., Worm, S. D., Xiang, X., Xiao, Q., Xu, J., Yeh, M., Yin, J., Young, I., Zhang, C., and Zarzhitsky, P.
Subjects: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: LUX-ZEPLIN (LZ) is a second-generation direct dark matter experiment with spin-independent WIMP-nucleon scattering sensitivity above $1.4 \times 10^{-48}$ cm$^{2}$ for a WIMP mass of 40 GeV/c$^{2}$ and a 1000 d exposure. LZ achieves this sensitivity through a combination of a large 5.6 t fiducial volume, active inner and outer veto systems, and radio-pure construction using materials with inherently low radioactivity content. The LZ collaboration performed an extensive radioassay campaign over a period of six years to inform material selection for construction and provide an input to the experimental background model against which any possible signal excess may be evaluated. The campaign and its results are described in this paper. We present assays of dust and radon daughters depositing on the surface of components as well as cleanliness controls necessary to maintain background expectations through detector construction and assembly. Finally, examples from the campaign to highlight fixed contaminant radioassays for the LZ photomultiplier tubes, quality control and quality assurance procedures through fabrication, radon emanation measurements of major sub-systems, and bespoke detector systems to assay scintillator are presented., Comment: 45 pages (79 inc. tables), 7 figures, 9 tables
Published: 2020
Full Text: View/download PDF

3. The LUX-ZEPLIN (LZ) Experiment

Author: The LZ Collaboration, Akerib, D. S., Akerlof, C. W., Akimov, D. Yu., Alquahtani, A., Alsum, S. K., Anderson, T. J., Angelides, N., Araújo, H. M., Arbuckle, A., Armstrong, J. E., Arthurs, M., Auyeung, H., Bai, X., Bailey, A. J., Balajthy, J., Balashov, S., Bang, J., Barry, M. J., Barthel, J., Bauer, D., Bauer, P., Baxter, A., Belle, J., Beltrame, P., Bensinger, J., Benson, T., Bernard, E. P., Bernstein, A., Bhatti, A., Biekert, A., Biesiadzinski, T. P., Birrittella, B., Boast, K. E., Bolozdynya, A. I., Boulton, E. M., Boxer, B., Bramante, R., Branson, S., Brás, P., Breidenbach, M., Buckley, J. H., Bugaev, V. V., Bunker, R., Burdin, S., Busenitz, J. K., Campbell, J. S., Carels, C., Carlsmith, D. L., Carlson, B., Carmona-Benitez, M. C., Cascella, M., Chan, C., Cherwinka, J. J., Chiller, A. A., Chiller, C., Chott, N. I., Cole, A., Coleman, J., Colling, D., Conley, R. A., Cottle, A., Coughlen, R., Craddock, W. W., Curran, D., Currie, A., Cutter, J. E., da Cunha, J. P., Dahl, C. E., Dardin, S., Dasu, S., Davis, J., Davison, T. J. R., de Viveiros, L., Decheine, N., Dobi, A., Dobson, J. E. Y., Druszkiewicz, E., Dushkin, A., Edberg, T. K., Edwards, W. R., Edwards, B. N., Edwards, J., Elnimr, M. M., Emmet, W. T., Eriksen, S. R., Faham, C. H., Fan, A., Fayer, S., Fiorucci, S., Flaecher, H., Florang, I. M. Fogarty, Ford, P., Francis, V. B., Froborg, F., Fruth, T., Gaitskell, R. J., Gantos, N. J., Garcia, D., Geffre, A., Gehman, V. M., Gelfand, R., Genovesi, J., Gerhard, R. M., Ghag, C., Gibson, E., Gilchriese, M. G. D., Gokhale, S., Gomber, B., Gonda, T. G., Greenall, A., Greenwood, S., Gregerson, G., van der Grinten, M. G. D., Gwilliam, C. B., Hall, C. R., Hamilton, D., Hans, S., Hanzel, K., Harrington, T., Harrison, A., Hasselkus, C., Haselschwardt, S. J., Hemer, D., Hertel, S. A., Heise, J., Hillbrand, S., Hitchcock, O., Hjemfelt, C., Hoff, M. D., Holbrook, B., Holtom, E., Hor, J. Y-K., Horn, M., Huang, D. Q., Hurteau, T. W., Ignarra, C. M., Irving, M. N., Jacobsen, R. G., Jahangir, O., Jeffery, S. N., Ji, W., Johnson, M., Johnson, J., Johnson, P., Jones, W. G., Kaboth, A. C., Kamaha, A., Kamdin, K., Kasey, V., Kazkaz, K., Keefner, J., Khaitan, D., Khaleeq, M., Khazov, A., Khromov, A. V., Khurana, I., Kim, Y. D., Kim, W. T., Kocher, C. D., Konovalov, A. M., Korley, L., Korolkova, E. V., Koyuncu, M., Kras, J., Kraus, H., Kravitz, S. W., Krebs, H. J., Kreczko, L., Krikler, B., Kudryavtsev, V. A., Kumpan, A. V., Kyre, S., Lambert, A. R., Landerud, B., Larsen, N. A., Laundrie, A., Leason, E. A., Lee, H. S., Lee, J., Lee, C., Lenardo, B. G., Leonard, D. S., Leonard, R., Lesko, K. T., Levy, C., Li, J., Liu, Y., Liao, J., Liao, F. -T., Lin, J., Lindote, A., Linehan, R., Lippincott, W. H., Liu, R., Liu, X., Loniewski, C., Lopes, M. I., Paredes, B. López, Lorenzon, W., Lucero, D., Luitz, S., Lyle, J. M., Lynch, C., Majewski, P. A., Makkinje, J., Malling, D. C., Manalaysay, A., Manenti, L., Mannino, R. L., Marangou, N., Markley, D. J., MarrLaundrie, P., Martin, T. J., Marzioni, M. F., Maupin, C., McConnell, C. T., McKinsey, D. N., McLaughlin, J., Mei, D. -M., Meng, Y., Miller, E. H., Minaker, Z. J., Mizrachi, E., Mock, J., Molash, D., Monte, A., Monzani, M. E., Morad, J. A., Morrison, E., Mount, B. J., Murphy, A. St. J., Naim, D., Naylor, A., Nedlik, C., Nehrkorn, C., Nelson, H. N., Nesbit, J., Neves, F., Nikkel, J. A., Nikoleyczik, J. A., Nilima, A., O'Dell, J., Oh, H., O'Neill, F. G., O'Sullivan, K., Olcina, I., Olevitch, M. A., Oliver-Mallory, K. C., Oxborough, L., Pagac, A., Pagenkopf, D., Pal, S., Palladino, K. J., Palmaccio, V. M., Palmer, J., Pangilinan, M., Patton, S. J., Pease, E. K., Penning, B. P., Pereira, G., Pereira, C., Peterson, I. B., Piepke, A., Pierson, S., Powell, S., Preece, R. M., Pushkin, K., Qie, Y., Racine, M., Ratcliff, B. N., Reichenbacher, J., Reichhart, L., Rhyne, C. A., Richards, A., Riffard, Q., Rischbieter, G. R. C., Rodrigues, J. P., Rose, H. J., Rosero, R., Rossiter, P., Rucinski, R., Rutherford, G., Rynders, D., Saba, J. S., Sabarots, L., Santone, D., Sarychev, M., Sazzad, A. B. M. R., Schnee, R. W., Schubnell, M., Scovell, P. R., Severson, M., Seymour, D., Shaw, S., Shutt, G. W., Shutt, T. A., Silk, J. J., Silva, C., Skarpaas, K., Skulski, W., Smith, A. R., Smith, R. J., Smith, R. E., So, J., Solmaz, M., Solovov, V. N., Sorensen, P., Sosnovtsev, V. V., Stancu, I., Stark, M. R., Stephenson, S., Stern, N., Stevens, A., Stiegler, T. M., Stifter, K., Studley, R., Sumner, T. J., Sundarnath, K., Sutcliffe, P., Swanson, N., Szydagis, M., Tan, M., Taylor, W. C., Taylor, R., Taylor, D. J., Temples, D., Tennyson, B. P., Terman, P. A., Thomas, K. J., Thomson, J. A., Tiedt, D. R., Timalsina, M., To, W. H., Tomás, A., Tope, T. E., Tripathi, M., Tronstad, D. R., Tull, C. E., Turner, W., Tvrznikova, L., Utes, M., Utku, U., Uvarov, S., Va'vra, J., Vacheret, A., Vaitkus, A., Verbus, J. R., Vietanen, T., Voirin, E., Vuosalo, C. O., Walcott, S., Waldron, W. L., Walker, K., Wang, J. J., Wang, R., Wang, L., Wang, Y., Watson, J. R., Migneault, J., Weatherly, S., Webb, R. C., Wei, W. -Z., While, M., White, R. G., White, J. T., White, D. T., Whitis, T. J., Wisniewski, W. J., Wilson, K., Witherell, M. S., Wolfs, F. L. H., Wolfs, J. D., Woodward, D., Worm, S. D., Xiang, X., Xiao, Q., Xu, J., Yeh, M., Yin, J., Young, I., and Zhang, C.
Subjects: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: We describe the design and assembly of the LUX-ZEPLIN experiment, a direct detection search for cosmic WIMP dark matter particles. The centerpiece of the experiment is a large liquid xenon time projection chamber sensitive to low energy nuclear recoils. Rejection of backgrounds is enhanced by a Xe skin veto detector and by a liquid scintillator Outer Detector loaded with gadolinium for efficient neutron capture and tagging. LZ is located in the Davis Cavern at the 4850' level of the Sanford Underground Research Facility in Lead, South Dakota, USA. We describe the major subsystems of the experiment and its key design features and requirements.
Published: 2019
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4. Extending light WIMP searches to single scintillation photons in LUX

Author: Akerib, D. S., Alsum, S., Araújo, H. M., Bai, X., Bailey, A. J., Balajthy, J., Baxter, A., Beltrame, P., Bernard, E. P., Bernstein, A., Biesiadzinski, T. P., Boulton, E. M., Boxer, B., Brás, P., Burdin, S., Byram, D., Cahn, S. B., Carmona-Benitez, M. C., Chan, C., Chiller, A. A., Chiller, C., Currie, A., Cutter, J. E., de Viveiros, L., Dobi, A., Dobson, J. E. Y., Druszkiewicz, E., Edwards, B. N., Faham, C. H., Fallon, S. R., Fan, A., Fiorucci, S., Gaitskell, R. J., Gehman, V. M., Genovesi, J., Ghag, C., Gibson, K. R., Gilchriese, M. G. D., Grace, E., Gwilliam, C., Hall, C. R., Hanhardt, M., Haselschwardt, S. J., Hertel, S. A., Hogan, D. P., Horn, M., Huang, D. Q., Ignarra, C. M., Jacobsen, R. G., Jahangir, O., Ji, W., Kamdin, K., Kazka, K., Khaitan, D., Knoche, R., Korolkova, E. V., Kravitz, S., Kudryavtsev, V. A., Larsen, N. A., Leason, E., Lee, C., Lenardo, B. G., Lesko, K. T., Levy, C., Liao, J., Lin, J., Lindote, A., Lopes, M. I., López-Paredes, B., Manalaysay, A., Mannino, R. L., Marangou, N., Marzioni, M. F., McKinsey, D. N., Mei, D. M., Mock, J., Moongweluwan, M., Morad, J. A., Murphy, A. St. J., Naylor, A., Nehrkorn, C., Nelson, H. N., Neves, F., Nilima, A., O'Sullivan, K., Oliver-Mallory, K. C., Palladino, K. J., Pease, E. K., Reichhart, L., Riffard, Q., Rischbieter, G. R. C., Rossiter, P., Shaw, S., Shutt, T. A., Silva, C., Solmaz, M., Solovov, V. N., Sorensen, P., Stephenson, S., Sumner, T. J., Szydagis, M., Taylor, D. J., Taylor, R., Taylor, W. C., Tennyson, B. P., Terman, P. A., Tiedt, D. R., To, W. H., Tripathi, M., Tvrznikova, L., Utku, U., Uvarov, S., Vacheret, A., Velan, V., Verbus, J. R., Webb, R. C., White, J. T., Whitis, T. J., Witherell, M. S., Wolfs, F. L. H., Woodward, D., Xu, J., Yazdani, K., Young, S. K., and Zhang, C.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract: We present a novel analysis technique for liquid xenon time projection chambers that allows for a lower threshold by relying on events with a prompt scintillation signal consisting of single detected photons. The energy threshold of the LUX dark matter experiment is primarily determined by the smallest scintillation response detectable, which previously required a 2-fold coincidence signal in its photomultiplier arrays, enforced in data analysis. The technique presented here exploits the double photoelectron emission effect observed in some photomultiplier models at vacuum ultraviolet wavelengths. We demonstrate this analysis using an electron recoil calibration dataset and place new constraints on the spin-independent scattering cross section of weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs) down to 2.5 GeV/c$^2$ WIMP mass using the 2013 LUX dataset. This new technique is promising to enhance light WIMP and astrophysical neutrino searches in next-generation liquid xenon experiments.
Published: 2019
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5. The LUX-ZEPLIN (LZ) radioactivity and cleanliness control programs

Author: Akerib, DS, Akerlof, CW, Akimov, D Yu, Alquahtani, A, Alsum, SK, Anderson, TJ, Angelides, N, Araújo, HM, Arbuckle, A, Armstrong, JE, Arthurs, M, Auyeung, H, Aviles, S, Bai, X, Bailey, AJ, Balajthy, J, Balashov, S, Bang, J, Barry, MJ, Bauer, D, Bauer, P, Baxter, A, Belle, J, Beltrame, P, Bensinger, J, Benson, T, Bernard, EP, Bernstein, A, Bhatti, A, Biekert, A, Biesiadzinski, TP, Birch, HJ, Birrittella, B, Boast, KE, Bolozdynya, AI, Boulton, EM, Boxer, B, Bramante, R, Branson, S, Brás, P, Breidenbach, M, Brew, CAJ, Buckley, JH, Bugaev, VV, Bunker, R, Burdin, S, Busenitz, JK, Cabrita, R, Campbell, JS, Carels, C, Carlsmith, DL, Carlson, B, Carmona-Benitez, MC, Cascella, M, Chan, C, Cherwinka, JJ, Chiller, AA, Chiller, C, Chott, NI, Cole, A, Coleman, J, Colling, D, Conley, RA, Cottle, A, Coughlen, R, Cox, G, Craddock, WW, Curran, D, Currie, A, Cutter, JE, da Cunha, JP, Dahl, CE, Dardin, S, Dasu, S, Davis, J, Davison, TJR, de Viveiros, L, Decheine, N, Dobi, A, Dobson, JEY, Druszkiewicz, E, Dushkin, A, Edberg, TK, Edwards, WR, Edwards, BN, Edwards, J, Elnimr, MM, Emmet, WT, Eriksen, SR, Faham, CH, Fan, A, Fayer, S, Fiorucci, S, Flaecher, H, Florang, IM Fogarty, Ford, P, Francis, VB, Fraser, ED, Froborg, F, and Fruth, T
Subjects: Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Physical Sciences, physics.ins-det, hep-ex, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Quantum Physics, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Astronomical sciences, Atomic, molecular and optical physics, Particle and high energy physics
Abstract: LUX-ZEPLIN (LZ) is a second-generation direct dark matter experiment with spin-independent WIMP-nucleon scattering sensitivity above 1.4×10-48cm2 for a WIMP mass of 40GeV/c2 and a 1000days exposure. LZ achieves this sensitivity through a combination of a large 5.6t fiducial volume, active inner and outer veto systems, and radio-pure construction using materials with inherently low radioactivity content. The LZ collaboration performed an extensive radioassay campaign over a period of six years to inform material selection for construction and provide an input to the experimental background model against which any possible signal excess may be evaluated. The campaign and its results are described in this paper. We present assays of dust and radon daughters depositing on the surface of components as well as cleanliness controls necessary to maintain background expectations through detector construction and assembly. Finally, examples from the campaign to highlight fixed contaminant radioassays for the LZ photomultiplier tubes, quality control and quality assurance procedures through fabrication, radon emanation measurements of major sub-systems, and bespoke detector systems to assay scintillator are presented.
Published: 2020

6. The LUX-ZEPLIN (LZ) experiment

Author: Akerib, DS, Akerlof, CW, Akimov, DY, Alquahtani, A, Alsum, SK, Anderson, TJ, Angelides, N, Araújo, HM, Arbuckle, A, Armstrong, JE, Arthurs, M, Auyeung, H, Bai, X, Bailey, AJ, Balajthy, J, Balashov, S, Bang, J, Barry, MJ, Barthel, J, Bauer, D, Bauer, P, Baxter, A, Belle, J, Beltrame, P, Bensinger, J, Benson, T, Bernard, EP, Bernstein, A, Bhatti, A, Biekert, A, Biesiadzinski, TP, Birrittella, B, Boast, KE, Bolozdynya, AI, Boulton, EM, Boxer, B, Bramante, R, Branson, S, Brás, P, Breidenbach, M, Buckley, JH, Bugaev, VV, Bunker, R, Burdin, S, Busenitz, JK, Campbell, JS, Carels, C, Carlsmith, DL, Carlson, B, Carmona-Benitez, MC, Cascella, M, Chan, C, Cherwinka, JJ, Chiller, AA, Chiller, C, Chott, NI, Cole, A, Coleman, J, Colling, D, Conley, RA, Cottle, A, Coughlen, R, Craddock, WW, Curran, D, Currie, A, Cutter, JE, da Cunha, JP, Dahl, CE, Dardin, S, Dasu, S, Davis, J, Davison, TJR, de Viveiros, L, Decheine, N, Dobi, A, Dobson, JEY, Druszkiewicz, E, Dushkin, A, Edberg, TK, Edwards, WR, Edwards, BN, Edwards, J, Elnimr, MM, Emmet, WT, Eriksen, SR, Faham, CH, Fan, A, Fayer, S, Fiorucci, S, Flaecher, H, Fogarty Florang, IM, Ford, P, Francis, VB, Froborg, F, Fruth, T, Gaitskell, RJ, Gantos, NJ, Garcia, D, Geffre, A, and Gehman, VM
Subjects: Dark matter detector, Liquid xenon, Time projection chamber, Underground, physics.ins-det, astro-ph.IM, hep-ex, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Other Physical Sciences
Abstract: We describe the design and assembly of the LUX-ZEPLIN experiment, a direct detection search for cosmic WIMP dark matter particles. The centerpiece of the experiment is a large liquid xenon time projection chamber sensitive to low energy nuclear recoils. Rejection of backgrounds is enhanced by a Xe skin veto detector and by a liquid scintillator Outer Detector loaded with gadolinium for efficient neutron capture and tagging. LZ is located in the Davis Cavern at the 4850’ level of the Sanford Underground Research Facility in Lead, South Dakota, USA. We describe the major subsystems of the experiment and its key design features and requirements.
Published: 2020

7. Limits on spin-dependent WIMP-nucleon cross section obtained from the complete LUX exposure

Author: LUX Collaboration, Akerib, D. S., Alsum, S., Araújo, H. M., Bai, X., Bailey, A. J., Balajthy, J., Beltrame, P., Bernard, E. P., Bernstein, A., Biesiadzinski, T. P., Boulton, E. M., Brás, P., Byram, D., Cahn, S. B., Carmona-Benitez, M. C., Chan, C., Chiller, A. A., Chiller, C., Currie, A., Cutter, J. E., Davison, T. J. R., Dobi, A., Dobson, J. E. Y., Druszkiewicz, E., Edwards, B. N., Faham, C. H., Fallon, S. R., Fiorucci, S., Gaitskell, R. J., Gehman, V. M., Ghag, C., Gilchriese, M. G. D., Hall, C. R., Hanhardt, M., Haselschwardt, S. J., Hertel, S. A., Hogan, D. P., Horn, M., Huang, D. Q., Ignarra, C. M., Jacobsen, R. G., Ji, W., Kamdin, K., Kazkaz, K., Khaitan, D., Knoche, R., Larsen, N. A., Lee, C., Lenardo, B. G., Lesko, K. T., Lindote, A., Lopes, M. I., Manalaysay, A., Mannino, R. L., Marzioni, M. F., McKinsey, D. N., Mei, D. M., Mock, J., Moongweluwan, M., Morad, J. A., Murphy, A. St. J., Nehrkorn, C., Nelson, H. N., Neves, F., O'Sullivan, K., Oliver-Mallory, K. C., Palladino, K. J., Pease, E. K., Reichhart, L., Rhyne, C., Shaw, S., Shutt, T. A., Silva, C., Solmaz, M., Solovov, V. N., Sorensen, P., Stephenson, S., Sumner, T. J., Szydagis, M., Taylor, D. J., Taylor, W. C., Tennyson, B. P., Terman, P. A., Tiedt, D. R., To, W. H., Tripathi, M., Tvrznikova, L., Uvarov, S., Velan, V., Verbus, J. R., Webb, R. C., White, J. T., Whitis, T. J., Witherell, M. S., Wolfs, F. L. H., Xu, J., Yazdani, K., Young, S. K., and Zhang, C.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: We present experimental constraints on the spin-dependent WIMP-nucleon elastic cross sections from the total 129.5 kg-year exposure acquired by the Large Underground Xenon experiment (LUX), operating at the Sanford Underground Research Facility in Lead, South Dakota (USA). A profile likelihood ratio analysis allows 90% CL upper limits to be set on the WIMP-neutron (WIMP-proton) cross section of $\sigma_n$ = 1.6$\times 10^{-41}$ cm$^{2}$ ($\sigma_p$ = 5$\times 10^{-40}$ cm$^{2}$) at 35 GeV$c^{-2}$, almost a sixfold improvement over the previous LUX spin-dependent results. The spin-dependent WIMP-neutron limit is the most sensitive constraint to date., Comment: 7 pages, 3 figures, version accepted by PRL
Published: 2017
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8. First Searches for Axions and Axion-Like Particles with the LUX Experiment

Author: Akerib, D. S., Alsum, S., Aquino, C., Araújo, H. M., Bai, X., Bailey, A. J., Balajthy, J., Beltrame, P., Bernard, E. P., Bernstein, A., Biesiadzinski, T. P., Boulton, E. M., Brás, P., Byram, D., Cahn, S. B., Carmona-Benitez, M. C., Chan, C., Chiller, A. A., Chiller, C., Currie, A., Cutter, J. E., Davison, T. J. R., Dobi, A., Dobson, J. E. Y., Druszkiewicz, E., Edwards, B. N., Faham, C. H., Fallon, S. R., Fiorucci, S., Gaitskell, R. J., Gehman, V. M., Ghag, C., Gibson, K. R., Gilchriese, M. G. D., Hall, C. R., Hanhardt, M., Haselschwardt, S. J., Hertel, S. A., Hogan, D. P., Horn, M., Huang, D. Q., Ignarra, C. M., Jacobsen, R. G., Ji, W., Kamdin, K., Kazkaz, K., Khaitan, D., Knoche, R., Larsen, N. A., Lee, C., Lenardo, B. G., Lesko, K. T., Lindote, A., Lopes, M. I., Manalaysay, A., Mannino, R. L., Marzioni, M. F., McKinsey, D. N., Mei, D. M., Mock, J., Moongweluwan, M., Morad, J. A., Murphy, A. St. J., Nehrkorn, C., Nelson, H. N., Neves, F., O'Sullivan, K., Oliver-Mallory, K. C., Palladino, K. J., Pease, E. K., Reichhart, L., Rhyne, C., Shaw, S., Shutt, T. A., Silva, C., Solmaz, M., Solovov, V. N., Sorensen, P., Stephenson, S., Sumner, T. J., Szydagis, M., Taylor, D. J., Taylor, W. C., Tennyson, B. P., Terman, P. A., Tiedt, D. R., To, W. H., Tripathi, M., Tvrznikova, L., Uvarov, S., Velan, V., Verbus, J. R., Webb, R. C., White, J. T., Whitis, T. J., Witherell, M. S., Wolfs, F. L. H., Xu, J., Yazdani, K., Young, S. K., and Zhang, C.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract: The first searches for axions and axion-like particles with the Large Underground Xenon (LUX) experiment are presented. Under the assumption of an axio-electric interaction in xenon, the coupling constant between axions and electrons, gAe is tested, using data collected in 2013 with an exposure totalling 95 live-days $\times$ 118 kg. A double-sided, profile likelihood ratio statistic test excludes gAe larger than 3.5 $\times$ 10$^{-12}$ (90% C.L.) for solar axions. Assuming the DFSZ theoretical description, the upper limit in coupling corresponds to an upper limit on axion mass of 0.12 eV/c$^{2}$, while for the KSVZ description masses above 36.6 eV/c$^{2}$ are excluded. For galactic axion-like particles, values of gAe larger than 4.2 $\times$ 10$^{-13}$ are excluded for particle masses in the range 1-16 keV/c$^{2}$. These are the most stringent constraints to date for these interactions.
Published: 2017
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9. LUX-ZEPLIN (LZ) Technical Design Report

Author: Mount, B. J., Hans, S., Rosero, R., Yeh, M., Chan, C., Gaitskell, R. J., Huang, D. Q., Makkinje, J., Malling, D. C., Pangilinan, M., Rhyne, C. A., Taylor, W. C., Verbus, J. R., Kim, Y. D., Lee, H. S., Lee, J., Leonard, D. S., Li, J., Belle, J., Cottle, A., Lippincott, W. H., Markley, D. J., Martin, T. J., Sarychev, M., Tope, T. E., Utes, M., Wang, R., Young, I., Araújo, H. M., Bailey, A. J., Bauer, D., Colling, D., Currie, A., Fayer, S., Froborg, F., Greenwood, S., Jones, W. G., Kasey, V., Khaleeq, M., Olcina, I., Paredes, B. López, Richards, A., Sumner, T. J., Tomás, A., Vacheret, A., Brás, P., Lindote, A., Lopes, M. I., Neves, F., Rodrigues, J. P., Silva, C., Solovov, V. N., Barry, M. J., Cole, A., Dobi, A., Edwards, W. R., Faham, C. H., Fiorucci, S., Gantos, N. J., Gehman, V. M., Gilchriese, M. G. D., Hanzel, K., Hoff, M. D., Kamdin, K., Lesko, K. T., McConnell, C. T., O'Sullivan, K., Oliver-Mallory, K. C., Patton, S. J., Saba, J. S., Sorensen, P., Thomas, K. J., Tull, C. E., Waldron, W. L., Witherell, M. S., Bernstein, A., Kazkaz, K., Xu, J., Akimov, D. Yu., Bolozdynya, A. I., Khromov, A. V., Konovalov, A. M., Kumpan, A. V., Sosnovtsev, V. V., Dahl, C. E., Temples, D., Carmona-Benitez, M. C., de Viveiros, L., Akerib, D. S., Auyeung, H., Biesiadzinski, T. P., Breidenbach, M., Bramante, R., Conley, R., Craddock, W. W., Fan, A., Hau, A., Ignarra, C. M., Ji, W., Krebs, H. J., Linehan, R., Lee, C., Luitz, S., Mizrachi, E., Monzani, M. E., O'Neill, F. G., Pierson, S., Racine, M., Ratcliff, B. N., Shutt, G. W., Shutt, T. A., Skarpaas, K., Stifter, K., To, W. H., Va'vra, J., Whitis, T. J., Wisniewski, W. J., Bai, X., Bunker, R., Coughlen, R., Hjemfelt, C., Leonard, R., Miller, E. H., Morrison, E., Reichenbacher, J., Schnee, R. W., Stark, M. R., Sundarnath, K., Tiedt, D. R., Timalsina, M., Bauer, P., Carlson, B., Horn, M., Johnson, M., Keefner, J., Maupin, C., Taylor, D. J., Balashov, S., Ford, P., Francis, V., Holtom, E., Khazov, A., Kaboth, A., Majewski, P., Nikkel, J. A., O'Dell, J., Preece, R. M., van der Grinten, M. G. D., Worm, S. D., Mannino, R. L., Stiegler, T. M., Terman, P. A., Webb, R. C., Levy, C., Mock, J., Szydagis, M., Busenitz, J. K., Elnimr, M., Hor, J. Y-K., Meng, Y., Piepke, A., Stancu, I., Kreczko, L., Krikler, B., Penning, B., Bernard, E. P., Jacobsen, R. G., McKinsey, D. N., Watson, R., Cutter, J. E., El-Jurf, S., Gerhard, R. M., Hemer, D., Hillbrand, S., Holbrook, B., Lenardo, B. G., Manalaysay, A. G., Morad, J. A., Stephenson, S., Thomson, J. A., Tripathi, M., Uvarov, S., Haselschwardt, S. J., Kyre, S., Nehrkorn, C., Nelson, H. N., Solmaz, M., White, D. T., Cascella, M., Dobson, J. E. Y., Ghag, C., Liu, X., Manenti, L., Reichhart, L., Shaw, S., Utku, U., Beltrame, P., Davison, T. J. R., Marzioni, M. F., Murphy, A. St. J., Nilima, A., Boxer, B., Burdin, S., Greenall, A., Powell, S., Rose, H. J., Sutcliffe, P., Balajthy, J., Edberg, T. K., Hall, C. R., Silk, J. S., Hertel, S., Akerlof, C. W., Arthurs, M., Lorenzon, W., Pushkin, K., Schubnell, M., Boast, K. E., Carels, C., Fruth, T., Kraus, H., Liao, F. -T., Lin, J., Scovell, P. R., Druszkiewicz, E., Khaitan, D., Koyuncu, M., Skulski, W., Wolfs, F. L. H., Yin, J., Korolkova, E. V., Kudryavtsev, V. A., Rossiter, P., Woodward, D., Chiller, A. A., Chiller, C., Mei, D. -M., Wang, L., Wei, W. -Z., While, M., Zhang, C., Alsum, S. K., Benson, T., Carlsmith, D. L., Cherwinka, J. J., Dasu, S., Gregerson, G., Gomber, B., Pagac, A., Palladino, K. J., Vuosalo, C. O., Xiao, Q., Buckley, J. H., Bugaev, V. V., Olevitch, M. A., Boulton, E. M., Emmet, W. T., Hurteau, T. W., Larsen, N. A., Pease, E. K., Tennyson, B. P., and Tvrznikova, L.
Subjects: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: In this Technical Design Report (TDR) we describe the LZ detector to be built at the Sanford Underground Research Facility (SURF). The LZ dark matter experiment is designed to achieve sensitivity to a WIMP-nucleon spin-independent cross section of three times ten to the negative forty-eighth square centimeters., Comment: 392 pages. Submitted to the Department of Energy as part of the documentation for the Critical Decision Numbers Two and Three (CD-2 and CD-3) management processes. Report also available by chapter at this URL
Published: 2017

10. Identification of Radiopure Titanium for the LZ Dark Matter Experiment and Future Rare Event Searches

Author: Akerib, D. S., Akerlof, C. W., Akimov, D. Yu., Alsum, S. K., Araújo, H. M., Arnquist, I. J., Arthurs, M., Bai, X., Bailey, A. J., Balajthy, J., Balashov, S., Barry, M. J., Belle, J., Beltrame, P., Benson, T., Bernard, E. P., Bernstein, A., Biesiadzinski, T. P., Boast, K. E., Bolozdynya, A., Boxer, B., Bramante, R., Brás, P., Buckley, J. H., Bugaev, V. V., Bunker, R., Burdin, S., Busenitz, J. K., Carels, C., Carlsmith, D. L., Carlson, B., Carmona-Benitez, M. C., Chan, C., Cherwinka, J. J., Chiller, A. A., Chiller, C., Cottle, A., Coughlen, R., Craddock, W. W., Currie, A., Dahl, C. E., Davison, T. J. R., Dobi, A., Dobson, J. E. Y., Druszkiewicz, E., Edberg, T. K., Edwards, W. R., Emmet, W. T., Faham, C. H., Fiorucci, S., Fruth, T., Gaitskell, R. J., Gantos, N. J., Gehman, V. M., Gerhard, R. M., Ghag, C., Gilchriese, M. G. D., Gomber, B., Hall, C. R., Hans, S., Hanzel, K., Haselschwardt, S. J., Hertel, S. A., Hillbrand, S., Hjemfelt, C., Hoff, M. D., Holbrook, B., Holtom, E., Hoppe, E. W., Hor, J. Y-K., Horn, M., Huang, D. Q., Hurteau, T. W., Ignarra, C. M., Jacobsen, R. G., Ji, W., Kaboth, A., Kamdin, K., Kazkaz, K., Khaitan, D., Khazov, A., Khromov, A. V., Konovalov, A. M., Korolkova, E. V., Koyuncu, M., Kraus, H., Krebs, H. J., Kudryavtsev, V. A., Kumpan, A. V., Kyre, S., Lee, C., Lee, H. S., Lee, J., Leonard, D. S., Leonard, R., Lesko, K. T., Levy, C., Liao, F. -T., Lin, J., Lindote, A., Linehan, R. E., Lippincott, W. H., Liu, X., Lopes, M. I., Paredes, B. Lopez, Lorenzon, W., Luitz, S., Majewski, P., Manalaysay, A., Manenti, L., Mannino, R. L., Markley, D. J., Martin, T. J., Marzioni, M. F., McConnell, C. T., McKinsey, D. N., Mei, D. -M., Meng, Y., Miller, E. H., Mizrachi, E., Mock, J., Monzani, M. E., Morad, J. A., Mount, B. J., Murphy, A. St. J., Nehrkorn, C., Nelson, H. N., Neves, F., Nikkel, J. A., O'Dell, J., O'Sullivan, K., Olcina, I., Olevitch, M. A., Oliver-Mallory, K. C., Palladino, K. J., Pease, E. K., Piepke, A., Powell, S., Preece, R. M., Pushkin, K., Ratcliff, B. N., Reichenbacher, J., Reichhart, L., Rhyne, C. A., Richards, A., Rodrigues, J. P., Rose, H. J., Rosero, R., Rossiter, P., Saba, J. S., Sarychev, M., Schnee, R. W., Schubnell, M., Scovell, P. R., Shaw, S., Shutt, T. A., Silva, C., Skarpaas, K., Skulski, W., Solmaz, M., Solovov, V. N., Sorensen, P., Sosnovtsev, V. V., Stancu, I., Stark, M. R., Stephenson, S., Stiegler, T. M., Stifter, K., Sumner, T. J., Szydagis, M., Taylor, D. J., Taylor, W. C., Temples, D., Terman, P. A., Thomas, K. J., Thomson, J. A., Tiedt, D. R., Timalsina, M., To, W. H., Tomás, A., Tope, T. E., Tripathi, M., Tvrznikova, L., Va'vra, J., Vacheret, A., van der Grinten, M. G. D., Verbus, J. R., Vuosalo, C. O., Waldron, W. L., Wang, R., Watson, R., Webb, R. C., Wei, W. -Z., While, M., White, D. T., Whitis, T. J., Wisniewski, W. J., Witherell, M. S., Wolfs, F. L. H., Woodward, D., Worm, S., Xu, J., Yeh, M., Yin, J., and Zhang, C.
Subjects: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: The LUX-ZEPLIN (LZ) experiment will search for dark matter particle interactions with a detector containing a total of 10 tonnes of liquid xenon within a double-vessel cryostat. The large mass and proximity of the cryostat to the active detector volume demand the use of material with extremely low intrinsic radioactivity. We report on the radioassay campaign conducted to identify suitable metals, the determination of factors limiting radiopure production, and the selection of titanium for construction of the LZ cryostat and other detector components. This titanium has been measured with activities of $^{238}$U$_{e}$~$<$1.6~mBq/kg, $^{238}$U$_{l}$~$<$0.09~mBq/kg, $^{232}$Th$_{e}$~$=0.28\pm 0.03$~mBq/kg, $^{232}$Th$_{l}$~$=0.25\pm 0.02$~mBq/kg, $^{40}$K~$<$0.54~mBq/kg, and $^{60}$Co~$<$0.02~mBq/kg (68\% CL). Such low intrinsic activities, which are some of the lowest ever reported for titanium, enable its use for future dark matter and other rare event searches. Monte Carlo simulations have been performed to assess the expected background contribution from the LZ cryostat with this radioactivity. In 1,000 days of WIMP search exposure of a 5.6-tonne fiducial mass, the cryostat will contribute only a mean background of $0.160\pm0.001$(stat)$\pm0.030$(sys) counts., Comment: 13 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in Astroparticle Physics
Published: 2017
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11. Chromatographic separation of radioactive noble gases from xenon

Author: Akerib, DS, Araújo, HM, Bai, X, Bailey, AJ, Balajthy, J, Beltrame, P, Bernard, EP, Bernstein, A, Biesiadzinski, TP, Boulton, EM, Bramante, R, Cahn, SB, Carmona-Benitez, MC, Chan, C, Chiller, AA, Chiller, C, Coffey, T, Currie, A, Cutter, JE, Davison, TJR, Dobi, A, Dobson, JEY, Druszkiewicz, E, Edwards, BN, Faham, CH, Fiorucci, S, Gaitskell, RJ, Gehman, VM, Ghag, C, Gibson, KR, Gilchriese, MGD, Hall, CR, Hanhardt, M, Haselschwardt, SJ, Hertel, SA, Hogan, DP, Horn, M, Huang, DQ, Ignarra, CM, Ihm, M, Jacobsen, RG, Ji, W, Kamdin, K, Kazkaz, K, Khaitan, D, Knoche, R, Larsen, NA, Lee, C, Lenardo, BG, Lesko, KT, Lindote, A, Lopes, MI, Manalaysay, A, Mannino, RL, Marzioni, MF, McKinsey, DN, Mei, D-M, Mock, J, Moongweluwan, M, Morad, JA, Murphy, Nehrkorn, C, Nelson, HN, Neves, F, O’Sullivan, K, Oliver-Mallory, KC, Palladino, KJ, Pease, EK, Pech, K, Phelps, P, Reichhart, L, Rhyne, C, Shaw, S, Shutt, TA, Silva, C, Solovov, VN, Sorensen, P, Stephenson, S, Sumner, TJ, Szydagis, M, Taylor, DJ, Taylor, W, Tennyson, BP, Terman, PA, Tiedt, DR, To, WH, Tripathi, M, Tvrznikova, L, Uvarov, S, Verbus, JR, Webb, RC, White, JT, Whitis, TJ, Witherell, MS, Wolfs, FLH, Yazdani, K, Young, SK, and Zhang, C
Subjects: Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Synchrotrons and Accelerators, Physical Sciences, Xenon, Krypton, Adsorption, Chromatography, Gas Separation, Dark Matter, physics.ins-det, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Astronomical sciences, Particle and high energy physics
Abstract: The Large Underground Xenon (LUX) experiment operates at the Sanford Underground Research Facility to detect nuclear recoils from the hypothetical Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs) on a liquid xenon target. Liquid xenon typically contains trace amounts of the noble radioactive isotopes 85Kr and 39Ar that are not removed by the in situ gas purification system. The decays of these isotopes at concentrations typical of research-grade xenon would be a dominant background for a WIMP search experiment. To remove these impurities from the liquid xenon, a chromatographic separation system based on adsorption on activated charcoal was built. 400 kg of xenon was processed, reducing the average concentration of krypton from 130 ppb to 3.5 ppt as measured by a cold-trap assisted mass spectroscopy system. A 50 kg batch spiked to 0.001 g/g of krypton was processed twice and reduced to an upper limit of 0.2 ppt.
Published: 2018

12. Signal yields, energy resolution, and recombination fluctuations in liquid xenon

Author: Akerib, D. S., Alsum, S., Araújo, H. M., Bai, X., Bailey, A. J., Balajthy, J., Beltrame, P., Bernard, E. P., Bernstein, A., Biesiadzinski, T. P., Boulton, E. M., Bramante, R., Brás, P., Byram, D., Cahn, S. B., Carmona-Benitez, M. C., Chan, C., Chiller, A. A., Chiller, C., Currie, A., Cutter, J. E., Davison, T. J. R., Dobi, A., Dobson, J. E. Y., Druszkiewicz, E., Edwards, B. N., Faham, C. H., Fiorucci, S., Gaitskell, R. J., Gehman, V. M., Ghag, C., Gibson, K. R., Gilchriese, M. G. D., Hall, C. R., Hanhardt, M., Haselschwardt, S. J., Hertel, S. A., Hogan, D. P., Horn, M., Huang, D. Q., Ignarra, C. M., Ihm, M., Jacobsen, R. G., Ji, W., Kamdin, K., Kazkaz, K., Khaitan, D., Knoche, R., Larsen, N. A., Lee, C., Lenardo, B. G., Lesko, K. T., Lindote, A., Lopes, M. I., Manalaysay, A., Mannino, R. L., Marzioni, M. F., McKinsey, D. N., Mei, D. -M., Mock, J., Moongweluwan, M., Morad, J. A., Murphy, A. St. J., Nehrkorn, C., Nelson, H. N., Neves, F., O'Sullivan, K., Oliver-Mallory, K. C., Palladino, K. J., Pease, E. K., Phelps, P., Reichhart, L., Rhyne, C., Shaw, S., Shutt, T. A., Silva, C., Solmaz, M., Solovov, V. N., Sorensen, P., Stephenson, S., Sumner, T. J., Szydagis, M., Taylor, D. J., Taylor, W. C., Tennyson, B. P., Terman, P. A., Tiedt, D. R., To, W. H., Tripathi, M., Tvrznikova, L., Uvarov, S., Verbus, J. R., Webb, R. C., White, J. T., Whitis, T. J., Witherell, M. S., Wolfs, F. L. H., Xu, J., Yazdani, K., Young, S. K., and Zhang, C.
Subjects: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: This work presents an analysis of monoenergetic electronic recoil peaks in the dark-matter-search and calibration data from the first underground science run of the Large Underground Xenon (LUX) detector. Liquid xenon charge and light yields for electronic recoil energies between 5.2 and 661.7 keV are measured, as well as the energy resolution for the LUX detector at those same energies. Additionally, there is an interpretation of existing measurements and descriptions of electron-ion recombination fluctuations in liquid xenon as limiting cases of a more general liquid xenon re- combination fluctuation model. Measurements of the standard deviation of these fluctuations at monoenergetic electronic recoil peaks exhibit a linear dependence on the number of ions for energy deposits up to 661.7 keV, consistent with previous LUX measurements between 2-16 keV with $^3$H. We highlight similarities in liquid xenon recombination for electronic and nuclear recoils with a comparison of recombination fluctuations measured with low-energy calibration data., Comment: 11 pages, 12 figures, 3 tables
Published: 2016
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13. Results from a search for dark matter in the complete LUX exposure

Author: Akerib, D. S., Alsum, S., Araújo, H. M., Bai, X., Bailey, A. J., Balajthy, J., Beltrame, P., Bernard, E. P., Bernstein, A., Biesiadzinski, T. P., Boulton, E. M., Bramante, R., Brás, P., Byram, D., Cahn, S. B., Carmona-Benitez, M. C., Chan, C., Chiller, A. A., Chiller, C., Currie, A., Cutter, J. E., Davison, T. J. R., Dobi, A., Dobson, J. E. Y., Druszkiewicz, E., Edwards, B. N., Faham, C. H., Fiorucci, S., Gaitskell, R. J., Gehman, V. M., Ghag, C., Gibson, K. R., Gilchriese, M. G. D., Hall, C. R., Hanhardt, M., Haselschwardt, S. J., Hertel, S. A., Hogan, D. P., Horn, M., Huang, D. Q., Ignarra, C. M., Ihm, M., Jacobsen, R. G., Ji, W., Kamdin, K., Kazkaz, K., Khaitan, D., Knoche, R., Larsen, N. A., Lee, C., Lenardo, B. G., Lesko, K. T., Lindote, A., Lopes, M. I., Manalaysay, A., Mannino, R. L., Marzioni, M. F., McKinsey, D. N., Mei, D. M., Mock, J., Moongweluwan, M., Morad, J. A., Murphy, A. St. J., Nehrkorn, C., Nelson, H. N., Neves, F., O`Sullivan, K., Oliver-Mallory, K. C., Palladino, K. J., Pease, E. K., Phelps, P., Reichhart, L., Rhyne, C., Shaw, S., Shutt, T. A., Silva, C., Solmaz, M., Solovov, V. N., Sorensen, P., Stephenson, S., Sumner, T. J., Szydagis, M., Taylor, D. J., Taylor, W. C., Tennyson, B. P., Terman, P. A., Tiedt, D. R., To, W. H., Tripathi, M., Tvrznikova, L., Uvarov, S., Verbus, J. R., Webb, R. C., White, J. T., Whitis, T. J., Witherell, M. S., Wolfs, F. L. H., Xu, J., Yazdani, K., Young, S. K., and Zhang, C.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract: We report constraints on spin-independent weakly interacting massive particle (WIMP)-nucleon scattering using a 3.35e4 kg-day exposure of the Large Underground Xenon (LUX) experiment. A dual-phase xenon time projection chamber with 250 kg of active mass is operated at the Sanford Underground Research Facility under Lead, South Dakota (USA). With roughly fourfold improvement in sensitivity for high WIMP masses relative to our previous results, this search yields no evidence of WIMP nuclear recoils. At a WIMP mass of 50 GeV/c^2, WIMP-nucleon spin-independent cross sections above 2.2e-46 cm^2 are excluded at the 90% confidence level. When combined with the previously reported LUX exposure, this exclusion strengthens to 1.1e-46 cm^2 at 50 GeV/c^2., Comment: This version includes a combined analysis with previously published LUX results, and matches the version published in PRL
Published: 2016
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14. Low-energy (0.7-74 keV) nuclear recoil calibration of the LUX dark matter experiment using D-D neutron scattering kinematics

Author: LUX Collaboration, Akerib, D. S., Alsum, S., Araújo, H. M., Bai, X., Bailey, A. J., Balajthy, J., Beltrame, P., Bernard, E. P., Bernstein, A., Biesiadzinski, T. P., Boulton, E. M., Bradley, A., Bramante, R., Brás, P., Byram, D., Cahn, S. B., Carmona-Benitez, M. C., Chan, C., Chapman, J. J., Chiller, A. A., Chiller, C., Currie, A., Cutter, J. E., Davison, T. J. R., de Viveiros, L., Dobi, A., Dobson, J. E. Y., Druszkiewicz, E., Edwards, B. N., Faham, C. H., Fiorucci, S., Gaitskell, R. J., Gehman, V. M., Ghag, C., Gibson, K. R., Gilchriese, M. G. D., Hall, C. R., Hanhardt, M., Haselschwardt, S. J., Hertel, S. A., Hogan, D. P., Horn, M., Huang, D. Q., Ignarra, C. M., Ihm, M., Jacobsen, R. G., Ji, W., Kamdin, K., Kazkaz, K., Khaitan, D., Knoche, R., Larsen, N. A., Lee, C., Lenardo, B. G., Lesko, K. T., Lindote, A., Lopes, M. I., Malling, D. C., Manalaysay, A., Mannino, R. L., Marzioni, M. F., McKinsey, D. N., Mei, D. M., Mock, J., Moongweluwan, M., Morad, J. A., Murphy, A. St. J., Nehrkorn, C., Nelson, H. N., Neves, F., O'Sullivan, K., Oliver-Mallory, K. C., Palladino, K. J., Pangilinan, M., Pease, E. K., Phelps, P., Reichhart, L., Rhyne, C. A., Shaw, S., Shutt, T. A., Silva, C., Solmaz, M., Solovov, V. N., Sorensen, P., Stephenson, S., Sumner, T. J., Szydagis, M., Taylor, D. J., Taylor, W. C., Tennyson, B. P., Terman, P. A., Tiedt, D. R., To, W. H., Tripathi, M., Tvrznikova, L., Uvarov, S., Verbus, J. R., Webb, R. C., White, J. T., Whitis, T. J., Witherell, M. S., Wolfs, F. L. H., Xu, J., Yazdani, K., Young, S. K., and Zhang, C.
Subjects: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: The Large Underground Xenon (LUX) experiment is a dual-phase liquid xenon time projection chamber (TPC) operating at the Sanford Underground Research Facility in Lead, South Dakota. A calibration of nuclear recoils in liquid xenon was performed $\textit{in situ}$ in the LUX detector using a collimated beam of mono-energetic 2.45 MeV neutrons produced by a deuterium-deuterium (D-D) fusion source. The nuclear recoil energy from the first neutron scatter in the TPC was reconstructed using the measured scattering angle defined by double-scatter neutron events within the active xenon volume. We measured the absolute charge ($Q_{y}$) and light ($L_{y}$) yields at an average electric field of 180 V/cm for nuclear recoil energies spanning 0.7 to 74 keV and 1.1 to 74 keV, respectively. This calibration of the nuclear recoil signal yields will permit the further refinement of liquid xenon nuclear recoil signal models and, importantly for dark matter searches, clearly demonstrates measured ionization and scintillation signals in this medium at recoil energies down to $\mathcal{O}$(1 keV)., Comment: 24 pages, 15 figures, 6 tables
Published: 2016

15. Chromatographic separation of radioactive noble gases from xenon

Author: LUX Collaboration, Akerib, D. S., Araújo, H. M., Bai, X., Bailey, A. J., Balajthy, J., Beltrame, P., Bernard, E. P., Bernstein, A., Biesiadzinski, T. P., Boulton, E. M., Bramante, R., Cahn, S. B., Carmona-Benitez, M. C., Chan, C., Chiller, A. A., Chiller, C., Coffey, T., Currie, A., Cutter, J. E., Davison, T. J. R., Dobi, A., Dobson, J. E. Y., Druszkiewicz, E., Edwards, B. N., Faham, C. H., Fiorucci, S., Gaitskell, R. J., Gehman, V. M., Ghag, C., Gibson, K. R., Gilchriese, M. G. D., Hall, C. R., Hanhardt, M., Haselschwardt, S. J., Hertel, S. A., Hogan, D. P., Horn, M., Huang, D. Q., Ignarra, C. M., Ihm, M., Jacobsen, R. G., Ji, W., Kamdin, K., Kazkaz, K., Khaitan, D., Knoche, R., Larsen, N. A., Lee, C., Lenardo, B. G., Lesko, K. T., Lindote, A., Lopes, M. I., Manalaysay, A., Mannino, R. L., Marzioni, M. F., McKinsey, D. N., Mei, D. -M., Mock, J., Moongweluwan, M., Morad, J. A., Murphy, A. St. J., Nehrkorn, C., Nelson, H. N., Neves, F., O'Sullivan, K., Oliver-Mallory, K. C., Palladino, K. J., Pease, E. K., Pech, K., Phelps, P., Reichhart, L., Rhyne, C., Shaw, S., Shutt, T. A., Silva, C., Solovov, V. N., Sorensen, P., Stephenson, S., Sumner, T. J., Szydagis, M., Taylor, D. J., Taylor, W., Tennyson, B. P., Terman, P. A., Tiedt, D. R., To, W. H., Tripathi, M., Tvrznikova, L., Uvarov, S., Verbus, J. R., Webb, R. C., White, J. T., Whitis, T. J., Witherell, M. S., Wolfs, F. L. H., Yazdani, K., Young, S. K., and Zhang, C.
Subjects: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract: The Large Underground Xenon (LUX) experiment operates at the Sanford Underground Research Facility to detect nuclear recoils from the hypothetical Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs) on a liquid xenon target. Liquid xenon typically contains trace amounts of the noble radioactive isotopes $^{85}$Kr and $^{39}$Ar that are not removed by the in situ gas purification system. The decays of these isotopes at concentrations typical of research-grade xenon would be a dominant background for a WIMP search exmperiment. To remove these impurities from the liquid xenon, a chromatographic separation system based on adsorption on activated charcoal was built. 400 kg of xenon was processed, reducing the average concentration of krypton from 130 ppb to 3.5 ppt as measured by a cold-trap assisted mass spectroscopy system. A 50 kg batch spiked to 0.001 g/g of krypton was processed twice and reduced to an upper limit of 0.2 ppt., Comment: Accepted in Astropart. Phys
Published: 2016
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16. Results on the Spin-Dependent Scattering of Weakly Interacting Massive Particles on Nucleons from the Run 3 Data of the LUX Experiment

Author: LUX Collaboration, Akerib, D. S., Araújo, H. M., Bai, X., Bailey, A. J., Balajthy, J., Beltrame, P., Bernard, E. P., Bernstein, A., Biesiadzinski, T. P., Boulton, E. M., Bradley, A., Bramante, R., Cahn, S. B., Carmona-Benitez, M. C., Chan, C., Chapman, J. J., Chiller, A. A., Chiller, C., Currie, A., Cutter, J. E., Davison, T. J. R., de Viveiros, L., Dobi, A., Dobson, J. E. Y., Druszkiewicz, E., Edwards, B. N., Faham, C. H., Fiorucci, S., Gaitskell, R. J., Gehman, V. M., Ghag, C., Gibson, K. R., Gilchriese, M. G. D., Hall, C. R., Hanhardt, M., Haselschwardt, S. J., Hertel, S. A., Hogan, D. P., Horn, M., Huang, D. Q., Ignarra, C. M., Ihm, M., Jacobsen, R. G., Ji, W., Kazkaz, K., Khaitan, D., Knoche, R., Larsen, N. A., Lee, C., Lenardo, B. G., Lesko, K. T., Lindote, A., Lopes, M. I., Malling, D. C., Manalaysay, A., Mannino, R. L., Marzioni, M. F., McKinsey, D. N., Mei, D. M., Mock, J., Moongweluwan, M., Morad, J. A., Murphy, A. St. J., Nehrkorn, C., Nelson, H. N., Neves, F., O'Sullivan, K., Oliver-Mallory, K. C., Ott, R. A., Palladino, K. J., Pangilinan, M., Pease, E. K., Phelps, P., Reichhart, L., Rhyne, C., Shaw, S., Shutt, T. A., Silva, C., Solovov, V. N., Sorensen, P., Stephenson, S., Sumner, T. J., Szydagis, M., Taylor, D. J., Taylor, W., Tennyson, B. P., Terman, P. A., Tiedt, D. R., To, W. H., Tripathi, M., Tvrznikova, L., Uvarov, S., Verbus, J. R., Webb, R. C., White, J. T., Whitis, T. J., Witherell, M. S., Wolfs, F. L. H., Yazdani, K., Young, S. K., and Zhang, C.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract: We present the first experimental constraints on the spin-dependent WIMP-nucleon elastic cross sections from LUX data acquired in 2013. LUX is a dual-phase xenon time projection chamber operating at the Sanford Underground Research Facility (Lead, South Dakota), which is designed to observe the recoil signature of galactic WIMPs scattering from xenon nuclei. A profile likelihood ratio analysis of $1.4~\times~10^{4}~\text{kg}\cdot~\text{days}$ of fiducial exposure allows 90% CL upper limits to be set on the WIMP-neutron (WIMP-proton) cross section of $\sigma_n~=~9.4~\times~10^{-41}~\text{cm}^2$ ($\sigma_p~=~2.9~\times~10^{-39}~\text{cm}^2$) at 33 GeV/c$^2$. The spin-dependent WIMP-neutron limit is the most sensitive constraint to date., Comment: 6 pages, 2 figures
Published: 2016
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17. Improved Limits on Scattering of Weakly Interacting Massive Particles from Reanalysis of 2013 LUX data

Author: LUX Collaboration, Akerib, D. S., Araújo, H. M., Bai, X., Bailey, A. J., Balajthy, J., Beltrame, P., Bernard, E. P., Bernstein, A., Biesiadzinski, T. P., Boulton, E. M., Bradley, A., Bramante, R., Cahn, S. B., Carmona-Benitez, M. C., Chan, C., Chapman, J. J., Chiller, A. A., Chiller, C., Currie, A., Cutter, J. E., Davison, T. J. R., de Viveiros, L., Dobi, A., Dobson, J. E. Y., Druszkiewicz, E., Edwards, B. N., Faham, C. H., Fiorucci, S., Gaitskell, R. J., Gehman, V. M., Ghag, C., Gibson, K. R., Gilchriese, M. G. D., Hall, C. R., Hanhardt, M., Haselschwardt, S. J., Hertel, S. A., Hogan, D. P., Horn, M., Huang, D. Q., Ignarra, C. M., Ihm, M., Jacobsen, R. G., Ji, W., Kazkaz, K., Khaitan, D., Knoche, R., Larsen, N. A., Lee, C., Lenardo, B. G., Lesko, K. T., Lindote, A., Lopes, M. I., Malling, D. C., Manalaysay, A., Mannino, R. L., Marzioni, M. F., McKinsey, D. N., Mei, D. M., Mock, J., Moongweluwan, M., Morad, J. A., Murphy, A. St. J., Nehrkorn, C., Nelson, H. N., Neves, F., O`Sullivan, K., Oliver-Mallory, K. C., Ott, R. A., Palladino, K. J., Pangilinan, M., Pease, E. K., Phelps, P., Reichhart, L., Rhyne, C., Shaw, S., Shutt, T. A., Silva, C., Solovov, V. N., Sorensen, P., Stephenson, S., Sumner, T. J., Szydagis, M., Taylor, D. J., Taylor, W., Tennyson, B. P., Terman, P. A., Tiedt, D. R., To, W. H., Tripathi, M., Tvrznikova, L., Uvarov, S., Verbus, J. R., Webb, R. C., White, J. T., Whitis, T. J., Witherell, M. S., Wolfs, F. L. H., Yazdani, K., Young, S. K., and Zhang, C.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract: We present constraints on weakly interacting massive particles (WIMP)-nucleus scattering from the 2013 data of the Large Underground Xenon dark matter experiment, including $1.4\times10^{4}\;\mathrm{kg\; day}$ of search exposure. This new analysis incorporates several advances: single-photon calibration at the scintillation wavelength, improved event-reconstruction algorithms, a revised background model including events originating on the detector walls in an enlarged fiducial volume, and new calibrations from decays of an injected tritium $\beta$ source and from kinematically constrained nuclear recoils down to 1.1 keV. Sensitivity, especially to low-mass WIMPs, is enhanced compared to our previous results which modeled the signal only above a 3 keV minimum energy. Under standard dark matter halo assumptions and in the mass range above 4 $\mathrm{GeV}\,c^{-2}$, these new results give the most stringent direct limits on the spin-independent WIMP-nucleon cross section. The 90% C.L. upper limit has a minimum of 0.6 zb at 33 $\mathrm{GeV}\,c^{-2}$ WIMP mass., Comment: Accepted by Phys. Rev. Lett
Published: 2015
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18. Tritium calibration of the LUX dark matter experiment

Author: LUX Collaboration, Akerib, D. S., Araújo, H. M., Bai, X., Bailey, A. J., Balajthy, J., Beltrame, P., Bernard, E. P., Bernstein, A., Biesiadzinski, T. P., Boulton, E. M., Bradley, A., Bramante, R., Cahn, S. B., Carmona-Benitez, M. C., Chan, C., Chapman, J. J., Chiller, A. A., Chiller, C., Currie, A., Cutter, J. E., Davison, T. J. R., de Viveiros, L., Dobi, A., Dobson, J. E. Y., Druszkiewicz, E., Edwards, B. N., Faham, C. H., Fiorucci, S., Gaitskell, R. J., Gehman, V. M., Ghag, C., Gibson, K. R., Gilchriese, M. G. D., Hall, C. R., Hanhardt, M., Haselschwardt, S. J., Hertel, S. A., Hogan, D. P., Horn, M., Huang, D. Q., Ignarra, C. M., Ihm, M., Jacobsen, R. G., Ji, W., Kazkaz, K., Khaitan, D., Knoche, R., Larsen, N. A., Lee, C., Lenardo, B. G., Lesko, K. T., Lindote, A., Lopes, M. I., Malling, D. C., Manalaysay, A. G., Mannino, R. L., Marzioni, M. F., McKinsey, D. N., Mei, D. M., Mock, J., Moongweluwan, M., Morad, J. A., Murphy, A. St. J., Nehrkorn, C., Nelson, H. N., Neves, F., O`Sullivan, K., Oliver-Mallory, K. C., Ott, R. A., Palladino, K. J., Pangilinan, M., Pease, E. K., Phelps, P., Reichhart, L., Rhyne, C., Shaw, S., Shutt, T. A., Silva, C., Solovov, V. N., Sorensen, P., Stephenson, S., Sumner, T. J., Szydagis, M., Taylor, D. J., Taylor, W., Tennyson, B. P., Terman, P. A., Tiedt, D. R., To, W. H., Tripathi, M., Tvrznikova, L., Uvarov, S., Verbus, J. R., Webb, R. C., White, J. T., Whitis, T. J., Witherell, M. S., Wolfs, F. L. H., Young, S. K., and Zhang, C.
Subjects: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: We present measurements of the electron-recoil (ER) response of the LUX dark matter detector based upon 170,000 highly pure and spatially-uniform tritium decays. We reconstruct the tritium energy spectrum using the combined energy model and find good agreement with expectations. We report the average charge and light yields of ER events in liquid xenon at 180 V/cm and 105 V/cm and compare the results to the NEST model. We also measure the mean charge recombination fraction and its fluctuations, and we investigate the location and width of the LUX ER band. These results provide input to a re-analysis of the LUX Run3 WIMP search.
Published: 2015
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19. Identification of radiopure titanium for the LZ dark matter experiment and future rare event searches

Author: Akerib, DS, Akerlof, CW, Akimov, DY, Alsum, SK, Araújo, HM, Arnquist, IJ, Arthurs, M, Bai, X, Bailey, AJ, Balajthy, J, Balashov, S, Barry, MJ, Belle, J, Beltrame, P, Benson, T, Bernard, EP, Bernstein, A, Biesiadzinski, TP, Boast, KE, Bolozdynya, A, Boxer, B, Bramante, R, Brás, P, Buckley, JH, Bugaev, VV, Bunker, R, Burdin, S, Busenitz, JK, Carels, C, Carlsmith, DL, Carlson, B, Carmona-Benitez, MC, Chan, C, Cherwinka, JJ, Chiller, AA, Chiller, C, Cottle, A, Coughlen, R, Craddock, WW, Currie, A, Dahl, CE, Davison, TJR, Dobi, A, Dobson, JEY, Druszkiewicz, E, Edberg, TK, Edwards, WR, Emmet, WT, Faham, CH, Fiorucci, S, Fruth, T, Gaitskell, RJ, Gantos, NJ, Gehman, VM, Gerhard, RM, Ghag, C, Gilchriese, MGD, Gomber, B, Hall, CR, Hans, S, Hanzel, K, Haselschwardt, SJ, Hertel, SA, Hillbrand, S, Hjemfelt, C, Hoff, MD, Holbrook, B, Holtom, E, Hoppe, EW, Hor, JYK, Horn, M, Huang, DQ, Hurteau, TW, Ignarra, CM, Jacobsen, RG, Ji, W, Kaboth, A, Kamdin, K, Kazkaz, K, Khaitan, D, Khazov, A, Khromov, AV, Konovalov, AM, Korolkova, EV, Koyuncu, M, Kraus, H, Krebs, HJ, Kudryavtsev, VA, Kumpan, AV, Kyre, S, Lee, C, Lee, HS, Lee, J, Leonard, DS, Leonard, R, Lesko, KT, Levy, C, Liao, FT, Lin, J, and Lindote, A
Subjects: physics.ins-det, hep-ex, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics
Abstract: The LUX-ZEPLIN (LZ) experiment will search for dark matter particle interactions with a detector containing a total of 10 tonnes of liquid xenon within a double-vessel cryostat. The large mass and proximity of the cryostat to the active detector volume demand the use of material with extremely low intrinsic radioactivity. We report on the radioassay campaign conducted to identify suitable metals, the determination of factors limiting radiopure production, and the selection of titanium for construction of the LZ cryostat and other detector components. This titanium has been measured with activities of 238Ue < 1.6 mBq/kg, 238Ul < 0.09 mBq/kg, 232The=0.28±0.03 mBq/kg, 232Thl=0.25±0.02 mBq/kg, 40K < 0.54 mBq/kg, and 60Co < 0.02 mBq/kg (68% CL). Such low intrinsic activities, which are some of the lowest ever reported for titanium, enable its use for future dark matter and other rare event searches. Monte Carlo simulations have been performed to assess the expected background contribution from the LZ cryostat with this radioactivity. In 1,000 days of WIMP search exposure of a 5.6-tonne fiducial mass, the cryostat will contribute only a mean background of 0.160 ± 0.001(stat) ± 0.030(sys) counts.
Published: 2017

20. First Searches for Axions and Axionlike Particles with the LUX Experiment

Author: Akerib, DS, Alsum, S, Aquino, C, Araújo, HM, Bai, X, Bailey, AJ, Balajthy, J, Beltrame, P, Bernard, EP, Bernstein, A, Biesiadzinski, TP, Boulton, EM, Brás, P, Byram, D, Cahn, SB, Carmona-Benitez, MC, Chan, C, Chiller, AA, Chiller, C, Currie, A, Cutter, JE, Davison, TJR, Dobi, A, Dobson, JEY, Druszkiewicz, E, Edwards, BN, Faham, CH, Fallon, SR, Fiorucci, S, Gaitskell, RJ, Gehman, VM, Ghag, C, Gibson, KR, Gilchriese, MGD, Hall, CR, Hanhardt, M, Haselschwardt, SJ, Hertel, SA, Hogan, DP, Horn, M, Huang, DQ, Ignarra, CM, Jacobsen, RG, Ji, W, Kamdin, K, Kazkaz, K, Khaitan, D, Knoche, R, Larsen, NA, Lee, C, Lenardo, BG, Lesko, KT, Lindote, A, Lopes, MI, Manalaysay, A, Mannino, RL, Marzioni, MF, McKinsey, DN, Mei, D-M, Mock, J, Moongweluwan, M, Morad, JA, Murphy, A St J, Nehrkorn, C, Nelson, HN, Neves, F, O'Sullivan, K, Oliver-Mallory, KC, Palladino, KJ, Pease, EK, Reichhart, L, Rhyne, C, Shaw, S, Shutt, TA, Silva, C, Solmaz, M, Solovov, VN, Sorensen, P, Stephenson, S, Sumner, TJ, Szydagis, M, Taylor, DJ, Taylor, WC, Tennyson, BP, Terman, PA, Tiedt, DR, To, WH, Tripathi, M, Tvrznikova, L, Uvarov, S, Velan, V, Verbus, JR, Webb, RC, White, JT, Whitis, TJ, Witherell, MS, Wolfs, FLH, Xu, J, Yazdani, K, and Young, SK
Subjects: Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Particle and High Energy Physics, Physical Sciences, LUX Collaboration, astro-ph.CO, hep-ph, Mathematical Sciences, Engineering, General Physics, Mathematical sciences, Physical sciences
Abstract: The first searches for axions and axionlike particles with the Large Underground Xenon experiment are presented. Under the assumption of an axioelectric interaction in xenon, the coupling constant between axions and electrons g_{Ae} is tested using data collected in 2013 with an exposure totaling 95 live days ×118 kg. A double-sided, profile likelihood ratio statistic test excludes g_{Ae} larger than 3.5×10^{-12} (90% C.L.) for solar axions. Assuming the Dine-Fischler-Srednicki-Zhitnitsky theoretical description, the upper limit in coupling corresponds to an upper limit on axion mass of 0.12 eV/c^{2}, while for the Kim-Shifman-Vainshtein-Zhakharov description masses above 36.6 eV/c^{2} are excluded. For galactic axionlike particles, values of g_{Ae} larger than 4.2×10^{-13} are excluded for particle masses in the range 1-16 keV/c^{2}. These are the most stringent constraints to date for these interactions.
Published: 2017

21. Limits on Spin-Dependent WIMP-Nucleon Cross Section Obtained from the Complete LUX Exposure

Author: Akerib, DS, Alsum, S, Araújo, HM, Bai, X, Bailey, AJ, Balajthy, J, Beltrame, P, Bernard, EP, Bernstein, A, Biesiadzinski, TP, Boulton, EM, Brás, P, Byram, D, Cahn, SB, Carmona-Benitez, MC, Chan, C, Chiller, AA, Chiller, C, Currie, A, Cutter, JE, Davison, TJR, Dobi, A, Dobson, JEY, Druszkiewicz, E, Edwards, BN, Faham, CH, Fallon, SR, Fiorucci, S, Gaitskell, RJ, Gehman, VM, Ghag, C, Gilchriese, MGD, Hall, CR, Hanhardt, M, Haselschwardt, SJ, Hertel, SA, Hogan, DP, Horn, M, Huang, DQ, Ignarra, CM, Jacobsen, RG, Ji, W, Kamdin, K, Kazkaz, K, Khaitan, D, Knoche, R, Larsen, NA, Lee, C, Lenardo, BG, Lesko, KT, Lindote, A, Lopes, MI, Manalaysay, A, Mannino, RL, Marzioni, MF, McKinsey, DN, Mei, D-M, Mock, J, Moongweluwan, M, Morad, JA, Murphy, A St J, Nehrkorn, C, Nelson, HN, Neves, F, O'Sullivan, K, Oliver-Mallory, KC, Palladino, KJ, Pease, EK, Reichhart, L, Rhyne, C, Shaw, S, Shutt, TA, Silva, C, Solmaz, M, Solovov, VN, Sorensen, P, Stephenson, S, Sumner, TJ, Szydagis, M, Taylor, DJ, Taylor, WC, Tennyson, BP, Terman, PA, Tiedt, DR, To, WH, Tripathi, M, Tvrznikova, L, Uvarov, S, Velan, V, Verbus, JR, Webb, RC, White, JT, Whitis, TJ, Witherell, MS, Wolfs, FLH, Xu, J, Yazdani, K, Young, SK, and Zhang, C
Subjects: Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Particle and High Energy Physics, Physical Sciences, LUX Collaboration, astro-ph.CO, Mathematical Sciences, Engineering, General Physics, Mathematical sciences, Physical sciences
Abstract: We present experimental constraints on the spin-dependent WIMP-nucleon elastic cross sections from the total 129.5 kg yr exposure acquired by the Large Underground Xenon experiment (LUX), operating at the Sanford Underground Research Facility in Lead, South Dakota (USA). A profile likelihood ratio analysis allows 90% C.L. upper limits to be set on the WIMP-neutron (WIMP-proton) cross section of σ_{n}=1.6×10^{-41} cm^{2} (σ_{p}=5×10^{-40} cm^{2}) at 35 GeV c^{-2}, almost a sixfold improvement over the previous LUX spin-dependent results. The spin-dependent WIMP-neutron limit is the most sensitive constraint to date.
Published: 2017

22. Signal yields, energy resolution, and recombination fluctuations in liquid xenon

Author: Akerib, DS, Alsum, S, Araújo, HM, Bai, X, Bailey, AJ, Balajthy, J, Beltrame, P, Bernard, EP, Bernstein, A, Biesiadzinski, TP, Boulton, EM, Bramante, R, Brás, P, Byram, D, Cahn, SB, Carmona-Benitez, MC, Chan, C, Chiller, AA, Chiller, C, Currie, A, Cutter, JE, Davison, TJR, Dobi, A, Dobson, JEY, Druszkiewicz, E, Edwards, BN, Faham, CH, Fiorucci, S, Gaitskell, RJ, Gehman, VM, Ghag, C, Gibson, KR, Gilchriese, MGD, Hall, CR, Hanhardt, M, Haselschwardt, SJ, Hertel, SA, Hogan, DP, Horn, M, Huang, DQ, Ignarra, CM, Ihm, M, Jacobsen, RG, Ji, W, Kamdin, K, Kazkaz, K, Khaitan, D, Knoche, R, Larsen, NA, Lee, C, Lenardo, BG, Lesko, KT, Lindote, A, Lopes, MI, Manalaysay, A, Mannino, RL, Marzioni, MF, McKinsey, DN, Mei, DM, Mock, J, Moongweluwan, M, Morad, JA, Murphy, ASJ, Nehrkorn, C, Nelson, HN, Neves, F, O'Sullivan, K, Oliver-Mallory, KC, Palladino, KJ, Pease, EK, Phelps, P, Reichhart, L, Rhyne, C, Shaw, S, Shutt, TA, Silva, C, Solmaz, M, Solovov, VN, Sorensen, P, Stephenson, S, Sumner, TJ, Szydagis, M, Taylor, DJ, Taylor, WC, Tennyson, BP, Terman, PA, Tiedt, DR, To, WH, Tripathi, M, Tvrznikova, L, Uvarov, S, Verbus, JR, Webb, RC, White, JT, Whitis, TJ, Witherell, MS, Wolfs, FLH, Xu, J, Yazdani, K, and Young, SK
Subjects: physics.ins-det, hep-ex
Abstract: This work presents an analysis of monoenergetic electronic recoil peaks in the dark-matter-search and calibration data from the first underground science run of the Large Underground Xenon (LUX) detector. Liquid xenon charge and light yields for electronic recoil energies between 5.2 and 661.7 keV are measured, as well as the energy resolution for the LUX detector at those same energies. Additionally, there is an interpretation of existing measurements and descriptions of electron-ion recombination fluctuations in liquid xenon as limiting cases of a more general liquid xenon recombination fluctuation model. Measurements of the standard deviation of these fluctuations at monoenergetic electronic recoil peaks exhibit a linear dependence on the number of ions for energy deposits up to 661.7 keV, consistent with previous LUX measurements between 2 and 16 keV with H3. We highlight similarities in liquid xenon recombination for electronic and nuclear recoils with a comparison of recombination fluctuations measured with low-energy calibration data.
Published: 2017

23. Results from a Search for Dark Matter in the Complete LUX Exposure

Author: Akerib, DS, Alsum, S, Araújo, HM, Bai, X, Bailey, AJ, Balajthy, J, Beltrame, P, Bernard, EP, Bernstein, A, Biesiadzinski, TP, Boulton, EM, Bramante, R, Brás, P, Byram, D, Cahn, SB, Carmona-Benitez, MC, Chan, C, Chiller, AA, Chiller, C, Currie, A, Cutter, JE, Davison, TJR, Dobi, A, Dobson, JEY, Druszkiewicz, E, Edwards, BN, Faham, CH, Fiorucci, S, Gaitskell, RJ, Gehman, VM, Ghag, C, Gibson, KR, Gilchriese, MGD, Hall, CR, Hanhardt, M, Haselschwardt, SJ, Hertel, SA, Hogan, DP, Horn, M, Huang, DQ, Ignarra, CM, Ihm, M, Jacobsen, RG, Ji, W, Kamdin, K, Kazkaz, K, Khaitan, D, Knoche, R, Larsen, NA, Lee, C, Lenardo, BG, Lesko, KT, Lindote, A, Lopes, MI, Manalaysay, A, Mannino, RL, Marzioni, MF, McKinsey, DN, Mei, D-M, Mock, J, Moongweluwan, M, Morad, JA, Murphy, A St J, Nehrkorn, C, Nelson, HN, Neves, F, O'Sullivan, K, Oliver-Mallory, KC, Palladino, KJ, Pease, EK, Phelps, P, Reichhart, L, Rhyne, C, Shaw, S, Shutt, TA, Silva, C, Solmaz, M, Solovov, VN, Sorensen, P, Stephenson, S, Sumner, TJ, Szydagis, M, Taylor, DJ, Taylor, WC, Tennyson, BP, Terman, PA, Tiedt, DR, To, WH, Tripathi, M, Tvrznikova, L, Uvarov, S, Verbus, JR, Webb, RC, White, JT, Whitis, TJ, Witherell, MS, Wolfs, FLH, Xu, J, Yazdani, K, and Young, SK
Subjects: Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Particle and High Energy Physics, Physical Sciences, LUX Collaboration, astro-ph.CO, astro-ph.IM, hep-ex, physics.ins-det, Mathematical Sciences, Engineering, General Physics, Mathematical sciences, Physical sciences
Abstract: We report constraints on spin-independent weakly interacting massive particle (WIMP)-nucleon scattering using a 3.35×10^{4} kg day exposure of the Large Underground Xenon (LUX) experiment. A dual-phase xenon time projection chamber with 250 kg of active mass is operated at the Sanford Underground Research Facility under Lead, South Dakota (USA). With roughly fourfold improvement in sensitivity for high WIMP masses relative to our previous results, this search yields no evidence of WIMP nuclear recoils. At a WIMP mass of 50 GeV c^{-2}, WIMP-nucleon spin-independent cross sections above 2.2×10^{-46} cm^{2} are excluded at the 90% confidence level. When combined with the previously reported LUX exposure, this exclusion strengthens to 1.1×10^{-46} cm^{2} at 50 GeV c^{-2}.
Published: 2017

24. FPGA-based Trigger System for the LUX Dark Matter Experiment

Author: Akerib, D. S., Araujo, H. M., Bai, X., Bailey, A. J., Balajthy, J., Beltrame, P., Bernard, E. P., Bernstein, A., Biesiadzinski, T. P., Boulton, E. M., Bradley, A., Bramante, R., Cahn, S. B., Carmona-Benitez, M. C., Chan, C., Chapman, J. J., Chiller, A. A., Chiller, C., Currie, A., Cutter, J. E., Davison, T. J. R., de Viveiros, L., Dobi, A., Dobson, J. E. Y., Druszkiewicz, E., Edwards, B. N., Faham, C. H., Fiorucci, S., Gaitskell, R. J., Gehman, V. M., Ghag, C., Gibson, K. R., Gilchriese, M. G. D., Hall, C. R., Hanhardt, M., Haselschwardt, S. J., Hertel, S. A., Hogan, D. P., Horn, M., Huang, D. Q., Ignarra, C. M., Ihm, M., Jacobsen, R. G., Ji, W., Kazkaz, K., Khaitan, D., Knoche, R., Larsen, N. A., Lee, C., Lenardo, B. G., Lesko, K. T., Lindote, A., Lopes, M. I., Malling, D. C., Manalaysay, A. G., Mannino, R. L., Marzioni, M. F., McKinsey, D. N., Mei, D. -M., Mock, J., Moongweluwan, M., Morad, J. A., Murphy, A. St. J., Nehrkorn, C., Nelson, H. N., Neves, F., O'Sullivan, K., Oliver-Mallory, K. C., Ott, R. A., Palladino, K. J., Pangilinan, M., Pease, E. K., Phelps, P., Reichhart, L., Rhyne, C., Shaw, S., Shutt, T. A., Silva, C., Skulski, W., Solovov, V. N., Sorensen, P., Stephenson, S., Sumner, T. J., Szydagis, M., Taylor, D. J., Taylor, W., Tennyson, B. P., Terman, P. A., Tiedt, D. R., To, W. H., Tripathi, M., Tvrznikova, L., Uvarov, S., Verbus, J. R., Webb, R. C., White, J. T., Whitis, T. J., Witherell, M. S., Wolfs, F. L. H., Yen, M., Yin, J., Young, S. K., and Zhang, C.
Subjects: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract: LUX is a two-phase (liquid/gas) xenon time projection chamber designed to detect nuclear recoils resulting from interactions with dark matter particles. Signals from the detector are processed with an FPGA-based digital trigger system that analyzes the incoming data in real-time, with just a few microsecond latency. The system enables first pass selection of events of interest based on their pulse shape characteristics and 3D localization of the interactions. It has been shown to be >99% efficient in triggering on S2 signals induced by only few extracted liquid electrons. It is continuously and reliably operating since its full underground deployment in early 2013. This document is an overview of the systems capabilities, its inner workings, and its performance., Comment: 11 pages, 26 figures, added some key points to the abstract, and conclusions, no change in results, accepted for publication in Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A
Published: 2015
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25. LUX-ZEPLIN (LZ) Conceptual Design Report

Author: The LZ Collaboration, Akerib, D. S., Akerlof, C. W., Akimov, D. Yu., Alsum, S. K., Araújo, H. M., Bai, X., Bailey, A. J., Balajthy, J., Balashov, S., Barry, M. J., Bauer, P., Beltrame, P., Bernard, E. P., Bernstein, A., Biesiadzinski, T. P., Boast, K. E., Bolozdynya, A. I., Boulton, E. M., Bramante, R., Buckley, J. H., Bugaev, V. V., Bunker, R., Burdin, S., Busenitz, J. K., Carels, C., Carlsmith, D. L., Carlson, B., Carmona-Benitez, M. C., Cascella, M., Chan, C., Cherwinka, J. J., Chiller, A. A., Chiller, C., Craddock, W. W., Currie, A., Cutter, J. E., da Cunha, J. P., Dahl, C. E., Dasu, S., Davison, T. J. R., de Viveiros, L., Dobi, A., Dobson, J. E. Y., Druszkiewicz, E., Edberg, T. K., Edwards, B. N., Edwards, W. R., Elnimr, M. M., Emmet, W. T., Faham, C. H., Fiorucci, S., Ford, P., Francis, V. B., Fu, C., Gaitskell, R. J., Gantos, N. J., Gehman, V. M., Gerhard, R. M., Ghag, C., Gilchriese, M. G. D., Gomber, B., Hall, C. R., Harris, A., Haselschwardt, S. J., Hertel, S. A., Hoff, M. D., Holbrook, B., Holtom, E., Huang, D. Q., Hurteau, T. W., Ignarra, C. M., Jacobsen, R. G., Ji, W., Ji, X., Johnson, M., Ju, Y., Kamdin, K., Kazkaz, K., Khaitan, D., Khazov, A., Khromov, A. V., Konovalov, A. M., Korolkova, E. V., Kraus, H., Krebs, H. J., Kudryavtsev, V. A., Kumpan, A. V., Kyre, S., Larsen, N. A., Lee, C., Lenardo, B. G., Lesko, K. T., Liao, F. -T., Lin, J., Lindote, A., Lippincott, W. H., Liu, J., Liu, X., Lopes, M. I., Lorenzon, W., Luitz, S., Majewski, P., Malling, D. C., Manalaysay, A. G., Manenti, L., Mannino, R. L., Markley, D. J., Martin, T. J., Marzioni, M. F., McKinsey, D. N., Mei, D. -M., Meng, Y., Miller, E. H., Mock, J., Monzani, M. E., Morad, J. A., Murphy, A. St. J., Nelson, H. N., Neves, F., Nikkel, J. A., O'Neill, F. G., O'Dell, J., O'Sullivan, K., Olevitch, M. A., Oliver-Mallory, K. C., Palladino, K. J., Pangilinan, M., Patton, S. J., Pease, E. K., Piepke, A., Powell, S., Preece, R. M., Pushkin, K., Ratcliff, B. N., Reichenbacher, J., Reichhart, L., Rhyne, C., Rodrigues, J. P., Rose, H. J., Rosero, R., Saba, J. S., Sarychev, M., Schnee, R. W., Schubnell, M. S. G., Scovell, P. R., Shaw, S., Shutt, T. A., Silva, C., Skarpaas, K., Skulski, W., Solovov, V. N., Sorensen, P., Sosnovtsev, V. V., Stancu, I., Stark, M. R., Stephenson, S., Stiegler, T. M., Sumner, T. J., Sundarnath, K., Szydagis, M., Taylor, D. J., Taylor, W., Tennyson, B. P., Terman, P. A., Thomas, K. J., Thomson, J. A., Tiedt, D. R., To, W. H., Tomás, A., Tripathi, M., Tull, C. E., Tvrznikova, L., Uvarov, S., Va'vra, J., van der Grinten, M. G. D., Verbus, J. R., Vuosalo, C. O., Waldron, W. L., Wang, L., Webb, R. C., Wei, W. -Z., While, M., White, D. T., Whitis, T. J., Wisniewski, W. J., Witherell, M. S., Wolfs, F. L. H., Woods, E., Woodward, D., Worm, S. D., Yeh, M., Yin, J., Young, S. K., and Zhang, C.
Subjects: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: The design and performance of the LUX-ZEPLIN (LZ) detector is described as of March 2015 in this Conceptual Design Report. LZ is a second-generation dark-matter detector with the potential for unprecedented sensitivity to weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs) of masses from a few GeV/c2 to hundreds of TeV/c2. With total liquid xenon mass of about 10 tonnes, LZ will be the most sensitive experiment for WIMPs in this mass region by the end of the decade. This report describes in detail the design of the LZ technical systems. Expected backgrounds are quantified and the performance of the experiment is presented. The LZ detector will be located at the Sanford Underground Research Facility in South Dakota. The organization of the LZ Project and a summary of the expected cost and current schedule are given., Comment: 278 pages. Submitted to the Department of Energy as part of the documentation for the Critical Decision Number One (CD-1) management process. Report also available by chapter at http://hep.ucsb.edu/LZ/CDR. This version includes corrections of minor typographic errors
Published: 2015

26. The LUX-ZEPLIN (LZ) experiment

Author: Akerib, D.S., Akerlof, C.W., Akimov, D.Yu., Alquahtani, A., Alsum, S.K., Anderson, T.J., Angelides, N., Araújo, H.M., Arbuckle, A., Armstrong, J.E., Arthurs, M., Auyeung, H., Bai, X., Bailey, A.J., Balajthy, J., Balashov, S., Bang, J., Barry, M.J., Barthel, J., Bauer, D., Bauer, P., Baxter, A., Belle, J., Beltrame, P., Bensinger, J., Benson, T., Bernard, E.P., Bernstein, A., Bhatti, A., Biekert, A., Biesiadzinski, T.P., Birrittella, B., Boast, K.E., Bolozdynya, A.I., Boulton, E.M., Boxer, B., Bramante, R., Branson, S., Brás, P., Breidenbach, M., Buckley, J.H., Bugaev, V.V., Bunker, R., Burdin, S., Busenitz, J.K., Campbell, J.S., Carels, C., Carlsmith, D.L., Carlson, B., Carmona-Benitez, M.C., Cascella, M., Chan, C., Cherwinka, J.J., Chiller, A.A., Chiller, C., Chott, N.I., Cole, A., Coleman, J., Colling, D., Conley, R.A., Cottle, A., Coughlen, R., Craddock, W.W., Curran, D., Currie, A., Cutter, J.E., da Cunha, J.P., Dahl, C.E., Dardin, S., Dasu, S., Davis, J., Davison, T.J.R., de Viveiros, L., Decheine, N., Dobi, A., Dobson, J.E.Y., Druszkiewicz, E., Dushkin, A., Edberg, T.K., Edwards, W.R., Edwards, B.N., Edwards, J., Elnimr, M.M., Emmet, W.T., Eriksen, S.R., Faham, C.H., Fan, A., Fayer, S., Fiorucci, S., Flaecher, H., Fogarty Florang, I.M., Ford, P., Francis, V.B., Froborg, F., Fruth, T., Gaitskell, R.J., Gantos, N.J., Garcia, D., Geffre, A., Gehman, V.M., Gelfand, R., Genovesi, J., Gerhard, R.M., Ghag, C., Gibson, E., Gilchriese, M.G.D., Gokhale, S., Gomber, B., Gonda, T.G., Greenall, A., Greenwood, S., Gregerson, G., van der Grinten, M.G.D., Gwilliam, C.B., Hall, C.R., Hamilton, D., Hans, S., Hanzel, K., Harrington, T., Harrison, A., Hasselkus, C., Haselschwardt, S.J., Hemer, D., Hertel, S.A., Heise, J., Hillbrand, S., Hitchcock, O., Hjemfelt, C., Hoff, M.D., Holbrook, B., Holtom, E., Hor, J.Y-K., Horn, M., Huang, D.Q., Hurteau, T.W., Ignarra, C.M., Irving, M.N., Jacobsen, R.G., Jahangir, O., Jeffery, S.N., Ji, W., Johnson, M., Johnson, J., Johnson, P., Jones, W.G., Kaboth, A.C., Kamaha, A., Kamdin, K., Kasey, V., Kazkaz, K., Keefner, J., Khaitan, D., Khaleeq, M., Khazov, A., Khromov, A.V., Khurana, I., Kim, Y.D., Kim, W.T., Kocher, C.D., Konovalov, A.M., Korley, L., Korolkova, E.V., Koyuncu, M., Kras, J., Kraus, H., Kravitz, S.W., Krebs, H.J., Kreczko, L., Krikler, B., Kudryavtsev, V.A., Kumpan, A.V., Kyre, S., Lambert, A.R., Landerud, B., Larsen, N.A., Laundrie, A., Leason, E.A., Lee, H.S., Lee, J., Lee, C., Lenardo, B.G., Leonard, D.S., Leonard, R., Lesko, K.T., Levy, C., Li, J., Liu, Y., Liao, J., Liao, F.-T., Lin, J., Lindote, A., Linehan, R., Lippincott, W.H., Liu, R., Liu, X., Loniewski, C., Lopes, M.I., López Paredes, B., Lorenzon, W., Lucero, D., Luitz, S., Lyle, J.M., Lynch, C., Majewski, P.A., Makkinje, J., Malling, D.C., Manalaysay, A., Manenti, L., Mannino, R.L., Marangou, N., Markley, D.J., MarrLaundrie, P., Martin, T.J., Marzioni, M.F., Maupin, C., McConnell, C.T., McKinsey, D.N., McLaughlin, J., Mei, D.-M., Meng, Y., Miller, E.H., Minaker, Z.J., Mizrachi, E., Mock, J., Molash, D., Monte, A., Monzani, M.E., Morad, J.A., Morrison, E., Mount, B.J., Murphy, A.St.J., Naim, D., Naylor, A., Nedlik, C., Nehrkorn, C., Nelson, H.N., Nesbit, J., Neves, F., Nikkel, J.A., Nikoleyczik, J.A., Nilima, A., O’Dell, J., Oh, H., O’Neill, F.G., O’Sullivan, K., Olcina, I., Olevitch, M.A., Oliver-Mallory, K.C., Oxborough, L., Pagac, A., Pagenkopf, D., Pal, S., Palladino, K.J., Palmaccio, V.M., Palmer, J., Pangilinan, M., Patton, S.J., Pease, E.K., Penning, B.P., Pereira, G., Pereira, C., Peterson, I.B., Piepke, A., Pierson, S., Powell, S., Preece, R.M., Pushkin, K., Qie, Y., Racine, M., Ratcliff, B.N., Reichenbacher, J., Reichhart, L., Rhyne, C.A., Richards, A., Riffard, Q., Rischbieter, G.R.C., Rodrigues, J.P., Rose, H.J., Rosero, R., Rossiter, P., Rucinski, R., Rutherford, G., Rynders, D., Saba, J.S., Sabarots, L., Santone, D., Sarychev, M., Sazzad, A.B.M.R., Schnee, R.W., Schubnell, M., Scovell, P.R., Severson, M., Seymour, D., Shaw, S., Shutt, G.W., Shutt, T.A., Silk, J.J., Silva, C., Skarpaas, K., Skulski, W., Smith, A.R., Smith, R.J., Smith, R.E., So, J., Solmaz, M., Solovov, V.N., Sorensen, P., Sosnovtsev, V.V., Stancu, I., Stark, M.R., Stephenson, S., Stern, N., Stevens, A., Stiegler, T.M., Stifter, K., Studley, R., Sumner, T.J., Sundarnath, K., Sutcliffe, P., Swanson, N., Szydagis, M., Tan, M., Taylor, W.C., Taylor, R., Taylor, D.J., Temples, D., Tennyson, B.P., Terman, P.A., Thomas, K.J., Thomson, J.A., Tiedt, D.R., Timalsina, M., To, W.H., Tomás, A., Tope, T.E., Tripathi, M., Tronstad, D.R., Tull, C.E., Turner, W., Tvrznikova, L., Utes, M., Utku, U., Uvarov, S., Va’vra, J., Vacheret, A., Vaitkus, A., Verbus, J.R., Vietanen, T., Voirin, E., Vuosalo, C.O., Walcott, S., Waldron, W.L., Walker, K., Wang, J.J., Wang, R., Wang, L., Wang, Y., Watson, J.R., Migneault, J., Weatherly, S., Webb, R.C., Wei, W.-Z., While, M., White, R.G., White, J.T., White, D.T., Whitis, T.J., Wisniewski, W.J., Wilson, K., Witherell, M.S., Wolfs, F.L.H., Wolfs, J.D., Woodward, D., Worm, S.D., Xiang, X., Xiao, Q., Xu, J., Yeh, M., Yin, J., Young, I., and Zhang, C.
Published: 2020
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27. FPGA-based trigger system for the LUX dark matter experiment

Author: Akerib, DS, Araújo, HM, Bai, X, Bailey, AJ, Balajthy, J, Beltrame, P, Bernard, EP, Bernstein, A, Biesiadzinski, TP, Boulton, EM, Bradley, A, Bramante, R, Cahn, SB, Carmona-Benitez, MC, Chan, C, Chapman, JJ, Chiller, AA, Chiller, C, Currie, A, Cutter, JE, Davison, TJR, De Viveiros, L, Dobi, A, Dobson, JEY, Druszkiewicz, E, Edwards, BN, Faham, CH, Fiorucci, S, Gaitskell, RJ, Gehman, VM, Ghag, C, Gibson, KR, Gilchriese, MGD, Hall, CR, Hanhardt, M, Haselschwardt, SJ, Hertel, SA, Hogan, DP, Horn, M, Huang, DQ, Ignarra, CM, Ihm, M, Jacobsen, RG, Ji, W, Kazkaz, K, Khaitan, D, Knoche, R, Larsen, NA, Lee, C, Lenardo, BG, Lesko, KT, Lindote, A, Lopes, MI, Malling, DC, Manalaysay, AG, Mannino, RL, Marzioni, MF, McKinsey, DN, Mei, DM, Mock, J, Moongweluwan, M, Morad, JA, Murphy, ASJ, Nehrkorn, C, Nelson, HN, Neves, F, O'Sullivan, K, Oliver-Mallory, KC, Ott, RA, Palladino, KJ, Pangilinan, M, Pease, EK, Phelps, P, Reichhart, L, Rhyne, C, Shaw, S, Shutt, TA, Silva, C, Skulski, W, Solovov, VN, Sorensen, P, Stephenson, S, Sumner, TJ, Szydagis, M, Taylor, DJ, Taylor, W, Tennyson, BP, Terman, PA, Tiedt, DR, To, WH, Tripathi, M, Tvrznikova, L, Uvarov, S, Verbus, JR, Webb, RC, White, JT, Whitis, TJ, Witherell, MS, Wolfs, FLH, and Yin, J
Subjects: Trigger, Dark matter detectors, DSP, FPGA, DAQ, Baseline subtraction, physics.ins-det, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Other Physical Sciences
Abstract: LUX is a two-phase (liquid/gas) xenon time projection chamber designed to detect nuclear recoils resulting from interactions with dark matter particles. Signals from the detector are processed with an FPGA-based digital trigger system that analyzes the incoming data in real-time, with just a few microsecond latency. The system enables first pass selection of events of interest based on their pulse shape characteristics and 3D localization of the interactions. It has been shown to be >99% efficient in triggering on S2 signals induced by only few extracted liquid electrons. It is continuously and reliably operating since its full underground deployment in early 2013. This document is an overview of the systems capabilities, its inner workings, and its performance.
Published: 2016

28. Improved Limits on Scattering of Weakly Interacting Massive Particles from Reanalysis of 2013 LUX Data

Author: Akerib, DS, Araújo, HM, Bai, X, Bailey, AJ, Balajthy, J, Beltrame, P, Bernard, EP, Bernstein, A, Biesiadzinski, TP, Boulton, EM, Bradley, A, Bramante, R, Cahn, SB, Carmona-Benitez, MC, Chan, C, Chapman, JJ, Chiller, AA, Chiller, C, Currie, A, Cutter, JE, Davison, TJR, de Viveiros, L, Dobi, A, Dobson, JEY, Druszkiewicz, E, Edwards, BN, Faham, CH, Fiorucci, S, Gaitskell, RJ, Gehman, VM, Ghag, C, Gibson, KR, Gilchriese, MGD, Hall, CR, Hanhardt, M, Haselschwardt, SJ, Hertel, SA, Hogan, DP, Horn, M, Huang, DQ, Ignarra, CM, Ihm, M, Jacobsen, RG, Ji, W, Kazkaz, K, Khaitan, D, Knoche, R, Larsen, NA, Lee, C, Lenardo, BG, Lesko, KT, Lindote, A, Lopes, MI, Malling, DC, Manalaysay, A, Mannino, RL, Marzioni, MF, McKinsey, DN, Mei, D-M, Mock, J, Moongweluwan, M, Morad, JA, Murphy, A St J, Nehrkorn, C, Nelson, HN, Neves, F, O'Sullivan, K, Oliver-Mallory, KC, Ott, RA, Palladino, KJ, Pangilinan, M, Pease, EK, Phelps, P, Reichhart, L, Rhyne, C, Shaw, S, Shutt, TA, Silva, C, Solovov, VN, Sorensen, P, Stephenson, S, Sumner, TJ, Szydagis, M, Taylor, DJ, Taylor, W, Tennyson, BP, Terman, PA, Tiedt, DR, To, WH, Tripathi, M, Tvrznikova, L, Uvarov, S, Verbus, JR, Webb, RC, White, JT, Whitis, TJ, Witherell, MS, Wolfs, FLH, Yazdani, K, and Young, SK
Subjects: Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Particle and High Energy Physics, Physical Sciences, LUX Collaboration, astro-ph.CO, astro-ph.IM, hep-ex, physics.ins-det, Mathematical Sciences, Engineering, General Physics, Mathematical sciences, Physical sciences
Abstract: We present constraints on weakly interacting massive particles (WIMP)-nucleus scattering from the 2013 data of the Large Underground Xenon dark matter experiment, including 1.4×10^{4} kg day of search exposure. This new analysis incorporates several advances: single-photon calibration at the scintillation wavelength, improved event-reconstruction algorithms, a revised background model including events originating on the detector walls in an enlarged fiducial volume, and new calibrations from decays of an injected tritium β source and from kinematically constrained nuclear recoils down to 1.1 keV. Sensitivity, especially to low-mass WIMPs, is enhanced compared to our previous results which modeled the signal only above a 3 keV minimum energy. Under standard dark matter halo assumptions and in the mass range above 4 GeV c^{-2}, these new results give the most stringent direct limits on the spin-independent WIMP-nucleon cross section. The 90% C.L. upper limit has a minimum of 0.6 zb at 33 GeV c^{-2} WIMP mass.
Published: 2016

29. Results on the Spin-Dependent Scattering of Weakly Interacting Massive Particles on Nucleons from the Run 3 Data of the LUX Experiment

Author: Akerib, DS, Araújo, HM, Bai, X, Bailey, AJ, Balajthy, J, Beltrame, P, Bernard, EP, Bernstein, A, Biesiadzinski, TP, Boulton, EM, Bradley, A, Bramante, R, Cahn, SB, Carmona-Benitez, MC, Chan, C, Chapman, JJ, Chiller, AA, Chiller, C, Currie, A, Cutter, JE, Davison, TJR, de Viveiros, L, Dobi, A, Dobson, JEY, Druszkiewicz, E, Edwards, BN, Faham, CH, Fiorucci, S, Gaitskell, RJ, Gehman, VM, Ghag, C, Gibson, KR, Gilchriese, MGD, Hall, CR, Hanhardt, M, Haselschwardt, SJ, Hertel, SA, Hogan, DP, Horn, M, Huang, DQ, Ignarra, CM, Ihm, M, Jacobsen, RG, Ji, W, Kazkaz, K, Khaitan, D, Knoche, R, Larsen, NA, Lee, C, Lenardo, BG, Lesko, KT, Lindote, A, Lopes, MI, Malling, DC, Manalaysay, A, Mannino, RL, Marzioni, MF, McKinsey, DN, Mei, D-M, Mock, J, Moongweluwan, M, Morad, JA, Murphy, A St J, Nehrkorn, C, Nelson, HN, Neves, F, O'Sullivan, K, Oliver-Mallory, KC, Ott, RA, Palladino, KJ, Pangilinan, M, Pease, EK, Phelps, P, Reichhart, L, Rhyne, C, Shaw, S, Shutt, TA, Silva, C, Solovov, VN, Sorensen, P, Stephenson, S, Sumner, TJ, Szydagis, M, Taylor, DJ, Taylor, W, Tennyson, BP, Terman, PA, Tiedt, DR, To, WH, Tripathi, M, Tvrznikova, L, Uvarov, S, Verbus, JR, Webb, RC, White, JT, Whitis, TJ, Witherell, MS, Wolfs, FLH, Yazdani, K, and Young, SK
Subjects: Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Particle and High Energy Physics, Synchrotrons and Accelerators, Physical Sciences, LUX Collaboration, hep-ex, hep-ph, Mathematical Sciences, Engineering, General Physics, Mathematical sciences, Physical sciences
Abstract: We present experimental constraints on the spin-dependent WIMP (weakly interacting massive particle)-nucleon elastic cross sections from LUX data acquired in 2013. LUX is a dual-phase xenon time projection chamber operating at the Sanford Underground Research Facility (Lead, South Dakota), which is designed to observe the recoil signature of galactic WIMPs scattering from xenon nuclei. A profile likelihood ratio analysis of 1.4×10^{4} kg day of fiducial exposure allows 90% C.L. upper limits to be set on the WIMP-neutron (WIMP-proton) cross section of σ_{n}=9.4×10^{-41} cm^{2} (σ_{p}=2.9×10^{-39} cm^{2}) at 33 GeV/c^{2}. The spin-dependent WIMP-neutron limit is the most sensitive constraint to date.
Published: 2016

30. Tritium calibration of the LUX dark matter experiment

Author: Akerib, DS, Araújo, HM, Bai, X, Bailey, AJ, Balajthy, J, Beltrame, P, Bernard, EP, Bernstein, A, Biesiadzinski, TP, Boulton, EM, Bradley, A, Bramante, R, Cahn, SB, Carmona-Benitez, MC, Chan, C, Chapman, JJ, Chiller, AA, Chiller, C, Currie, A, Cutter, JE, Davison, TJR, De Viveiros, L, Dobi, A, Dobson, JEY, Druszkiewicz, E, Edwards, BN, Faham, CH, Fiorucci, S, Gaitskell, RJ, Gehman, VM, Ghag, C, Gibson, KR, Gilchriese, MGD, Hall, CR, Hanhardt, M, Haselschwardt, SJ, Hertel, SA, Hogan, DP, Horn, M, Huang, DQ, Ignarra, CM, Ihm, M, Jacobsen, RG, Ji, W, Kazkaz, K, Khaitan, D, Knoche, R, Larsen, NA, Lee, C, Lenardo, BG, Lesko, KT, Lindote, A, Lopes, MI, Malling, DC, Manalaysay, AG, Mannino, RL, Marzioni, MF, McKinsey, DN, Mei, DM, Mock, J, Moongweluwan, M, Morad, JA, Murphy, ASJ, Nehrkorn, C, Nelson, HN, Neves, F, O'Sullivan, K, Oliver-Mallory, KC, Ott, RA, Palladino, KJ, Pangilinan, M, Pease, EK, Phelps, P, Reichhart, L, Rhyne, C, Shaw, S, Shutt, TA, Silva, C, Solovov, VN, Sorensen, P, Stephenson, S, Sumner, TJ, Szydagis, M, Taylor, DJ, Taylor, W, Tennyson, BP, Terman, PA, Tiedt, DR, To, WH, Tripathi, M, Tvrznikova, L, Uvarov, S, Verbus, JR, Webb, RC, White, JT, Whitis, TJ, Witherell, MS, Wolfs, FLH, Young, SK, and Zhang, C
Subjects: physics.ins-det, astro-ph.IM, hep-ex
Abstract: We present measurements of the electron-recoil (ER) response of the LUX dark matter detector based upon 170 000 highly pure and spatially uniform tritium decays. We reconstruct the tritium energy spectrum using the combined energy model and find good agreement with expectations. We report the average charge and light yields of ER events in liquid xenon at 180 and 105 V/cm and compare the results to the NEST model. We also measure the mean charge recombination fraction and its fluctuations, and we investigate the location and width of the LUX ER band. These results provide input to a reanalysis of the LUX run 3 weakly interacting massive particle search.
Published: 2016

31. First Results of the LUX Dark Matter Experiment

Author: Carmona-Benitez, MC, Collaboration, LUX, Akerib, DS, Araújo, HM, Bai, X, Bailey, AJ, Balajthy, J, Beltrame, P, Bernard, E, Bernstein, A, Bradley, A, Byram, D, Cahn, SB, Chan, C, Chapman, JJ, Chiller, AA, Chiller, C, Currie, A, de Viveiros, L, Dobi, A, Dobson, J, Druszkiewicz, E, Edwards, B, Faham, CH, Fiorucci, S, Flores, C, Gaitskell, RJ, Gehman, VM, Ghag, C, Gibson, KR, Gilchriese, MGD, Hall, C, Hanhardt, M, Haselschwardt, S, Hertel, SA, Horn, M, Huang, DQ, Ihm, M, Jacobsen, RG, Kazkaz, K, Knoche, R, Larsen, NA, Lee, C, Lenardo, B, Lesko, KT, Lindote, A, Lopes, MI, Malling, DC, Manalaysay, A, Mannino, R, McKinsey, DN, Mei, D-M, Mock, J, Moongweluwan, M, Morad, J, Murphy, Nehrkorn, C, Nelson, H, Neves, F, Ott, RA, Pangilinan, M, Parker, PD, Pease, EK, Pech, K, Phelps, P, Reichhart, L, Shutt, T, Silva, C, Solovov, VN, Sorensen, P, O'Sullivan, K, Sumner, TJ, Szydagis, M, Taylor, D, Tennyson, B, Tiedt, DR, Tripathi, M, Tvrznikova, L, Uvarov, S, Verbus, JR, Walsh, N, Webb, R, White, JT, Witherell, MS, Wolfs, FLH, Woods, M, and Zhang, C
Subjects: Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Particle and High Energy Physics, Physical Sciences, dark matter, WIMP, liquid xenon, time projection chamber
Abstract: LUX (Large Underground Xenon) is a dark matter direct detection experiment deployed at the 4850' level of the Sanford Underground Research Facility (SURF) in Lead, SD, operating a 370 kg dual-phase xenon TPC. Results of the first WIMP search run were presented in late 2013, for the analysis of 85.3 live-days with a fiducial volume of 118 kg, taken during the period of April to August 2013. The experiment exhibited a sensitivity to spin-independent WIMP-nucleon elastic scattering with a minimum upper limit on the cross section of 7.6×10-46cm2 at a WIMP mass of 33 GeV/c2, becoming the world's leading WIMP search result, in conflict with several previous claimed hints of discovery.
Published: 2016

32. Radiogenic and Muon-Induced Backgrounds in the LUX Dark Matter Detector

Author: Akerib, D. S., Araujo, H. M., Bai, X., Bailey, A. J., Balajthy, J., Bernard, E., Bernstein, A., Bradley, A., Byram, D., Cahn, S. B., Carmona-Benitez, M. C., Chan, C., Chapman, J. J., Chiller, A. A., Chiller, C., Coffey, T., Currie, A., de Viveiros, L., Dobi, A., Dobson, J., Druszkiewicz, E., Edwards, B., Faham, C. H., Fiorucci, S., Flores, C., Gaitskell, R. J., Gehman, V. M., Ghag, C., Gibson, K. R., Gilchriese, M. G. D., Hall, C., Hertel, S. A., Horn, M., Huang, D. Q., Ihm, M., Jacobsen, R. G., Kazkaz, K., Knoche, R., Larsen, N. A., Lee, C., Lindote, A., Lopes, M. I., Malling, D. C., Mannino, R., McKinsey, D. N., Mei, D. -M., Mock, J., Moongweluwan, M., Morad, J., Murphy, A. St. J., Nehrkorn, C., Nelson, H., Neves, F., Ott, R. A., Pangilinan, M., Parker, P. D., Pease, E. K., Pech, K., Phelps, P., Reichhart, L., Shutt, T., Silva, C., Solovov, V. N., Sorensen, P., O'Sullivan, K., Sumner, T. J., Szydagis, M., Taylor, D., Tennyson, B., Tiedt, D. R., Tripathi, M., Uvarov, S., Verbus, J. R., Walsh, N., Webb, R., White, J. T., Witherell, M. S., Wolfs, F. L. H., Woods, M., and Zhang, C.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract: The Large Underground Xenon (LUX) dark matter experiment aims to detect rare low-energy interactions from Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs). The radiogenic backgrounds in the LUX detector have been measured and compared with Monte Carlo simulation. Measurements of LUX high-energy data have provided direct constraints on all background sources contributing to the background model. The expected background rate from the background model for the 85.3 day WIMP search run is $(2.6\pm0.2_{\textrm{stat}}\pm0.4_{\textrm{sys}})\times10^{-3}$~events~keV$_{ee}^{-1}$~kg$^{-1}$~day$^{-1}$ in a 118~kg fiducial volume. The observed background rate is $(3.6\pm0.4_{\textrm{stat}})\times10^{-3}$~events~keV$_{ee}^{-1}$~kg$^{-1}$~day$^{-1}$, consistent with model projections. The expectation for the radiogenic background in a subsequent one-year run is presented., Comment: 18 pages, 12 figures / 17 images, submitted to Astropart. Phys
Published: 2014
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33. A Detailed Look at the First Results from the Large Underground Xenon (LUX) Dark Matter Experiment

Author: Szydagis, M., Akerib, D. S., Araujo, H. M., Bai, X., Bailey, A. J., Balajthy, J., Bernard, E., Bernstein, A., Bradley, A., Byram, D., Cahn, S. B., Carmona-Benitez, M. C., Chan, C., Chapman, J. J., Chiller, A. A., Chiller, C., Coffey, T., Currie, A., de Viveiros, L., Dobi, A., Dobson, J., Druszkiewicz, E., Edwards, B., Faham, C. H., Fiorucci, S., Flores, C., Gaitskell, R. J., Gehman, V. M., Ghag, C., Gibson, K. R., Gilchriese, M. G. D., Hall, C., Hertel, S. A., Horn, M., Huang, D. Q., Ihm, M., Jacobsen, R. G., Kazkaz, K., Knoche, R., Larsen, N. A., Lee, C., Lindote, A., Lopes, M. I., Malling, D. C., Mannino, R., McKinsey, D. N., Mei, D. -M., Mock, J., Moongweluwan, M., Morad, J., Murphy, A. St. J., Nehrkorn, C., Nelson, H., Neves, F., Ott, R. A., Pangilinan, M., Parker, P. D., Pease, E. K., Pech, K., Phelps, P., Reichhart, L., Shutt, T., Silva, C., Solovov, V. N., Sorensen, P., O'Sullivan, K., Sumner, T., Taylor, D., Tennyson, B., Tiedt, D. R., Tripathi, M., Uvarov, S., Verbus, J. R., Walsh, N., Webb, R., White, J. T., Witherell, M. S., Wolfs, F. L. H., Woods, M., and Zhang, C.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract: LUX, the world's largest dual-phase xenon time-projection chamber, with a fiducial target mass of 118 kg and 10,091 kg-days of exposure thus far, is currently the most sensitive direct dark matter search experiment. The initial null-result limit on the spin-independent WIMP-nucleon scattering cross-section was released in October 2013, with a primary scintillation threshold of 2 phe, roughly 3 keVnr for LUX. The detector has been deployed at the Sanford Underground Research Facility (SURF) in Lead, South Dakota, and is the first experiment to achieve a limit on the WIMP cross-section lower than $10^{-45}$ cm$^{2}$. Here we present a more in-depth discussion of the novel energy scale employed to better understand the nuclear recoil light and charge yields, and of the calibration sources, including the new internal tritium source. We found the LUX data to be in conflict with low-mass WIMP signal interpretations of other results., Comment: 16 pages, 3 figures, to appear in the proceedings of The 10th International Symposium on Cosmology and Particle Astrophysics (CosPA2013); fixed author list and added info on new calibration
Published: 2014

34. Results from the LUX dark matter experiment

Author: Horn, M, Akerib, DS, Araújo, HM, Bai, X, Bailey, AJ, Balajthy, J, Bernard, E, Bernstein, A, Bradley, A, Byram, D, Cahn, SB, Carmona-Benitez, MC, Chan, C, Chapman, JJ, Chiller, AA, Chiller, C, Currie, A, De Viveiros, L, Dobi, A, Dobson, J, Druszkiewicz, E, Edwards, B, Faham, CH, Fiorucci, S, Flores, C, Gaitskell, RJ, Gehman, VM, Ghag, C, Gibson, KR, Gilchriese, MGD, Hall, C, Hanhardt, M, Haselschwardt, S, Hertel, SA, Huang, DQ, Ihm, M, Jacobsen, RG, Kazkaz, K, Knoche, R, Larsen, NA, Lee, C, Lenardo, B, Lesko, KT, Lindote, A, Lopes, MI, Malling, DC, Mannino, R, McKinsey, DN, Mei, DM, Mock, J, Moongweluwan, M, Morad, J, Murphy, ASJ, Nehrkorn, C, Nelson, H, Neves, F, Ott, RA, Pangilinan, M, Parker, PD, Pease, EK, Pech, K, Phelps, P, Reichhart, L, Shutt, T, Silva, C, Solovov, VN, Sorensen, P, O'Sullivan, K, Sumner, TJ, Szydagis, M, Taylor, D, Tennyson, B, Tiedt, DR, Tripathi, M, Uvarov, S, Verbus, JR, Walsh, N, Webb, R, White, JT, Witherell, MS, Wolfs, FLH, Woods, M, and Zhang, C
Subjects: Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Other Physical Sciences, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Nuclear and plasma physics
Abstract: The LUX (Large Underground Xenon) experiment aims at the direct detection of dark matter particles via their collisions with xenon nuclei. The 370 kg two-phase liquid xenon time projection chamber measures simultaneously the scintillation and ionization from interactions in the target. The ratio of these two signals provides very good discrimination between potential nuclear recoil and electronic recoil signals to search for WIMP-nucleon scattering. The LUX detector operates at the Sanford Underground Research Facility (Lead, South Dakota, USA) since February 2013. First results were presented in late 2013 setting the world's most stringent limits on WIMP-nucleon scattering cross-sections over a wide range of WIMP masses. A 300 day run beginning in 2014 will further improve the sensitivity and new calibration techniques will reduce systematics for the WIMP signal search.
Published: 2015

35. Results from the LUX dark matter experiment

Author: Horn, Markus, Akerib, DS, Araújo, HM, Bai, X, Bailey, AJ, Balajthy, J, Bernard, E, Bernstein, A, Bradley, A, Byram, D, Cahn, SB, Carmona-Benitez, MC, Chan, C, Chapman, JJ, Chiller, AA, Chiller, C, Currie, A, de Viveiros, L, Dobi, A, Dobson, J, Druszkiewicz, E, Edwards, B, Faham, CH, Fiorucci, S, Flores, C, Gaitskell, RJ, Gehman, VM, Ghag, C, Gibson, KR, Gilchriese, MGD, Hall, C, Hanhardt, M, Haselschwardt, S, Hertel, SA, Huang, DQ, Ihm, M, Jacobsen, RG, Kazkaz, K, Knoche, R, Larsen, NA, Lee, C, Lenardo, B, Lesko, KT, Lindote, A, Lopes, MI, Malling, DC, Mannino, R, McKinsey, DN, Mei, D-M, Mock, J, Moongweluwan, M, Morad, J, Murphy, Nehrkorn, C, Nelson, H, Neves, F, Ott, RA, Pangilinan, M, Parker, PD, Pease, EK, Pech, K, Phelps, P, Reichhart, L, Shutt, T, Silva, C, Solovov, VN, Sorensen, P, O׳Sullivan, K, Sumner, TJ, Szydagis, M, Taylor, D, Tennyson, B, Tiedt, DR, Tripathi, M, Uvarov, S, Verbus, JR, Walsh, N, Webb, R, White, JT, Witherell, MS, Wolfs, FLH, Woods, M, Zhang, C, and Collaboration, On behalf of the LUX
Subjects: Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Particle and High Energy Physics, Synchrotrons and Accelerators, Physical Sciences, Dark matter, WIMP, Liquid xenon, Time projection chamber, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Other Physical Sciences, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Nuclear and plasma physics
Abstract: © 2014 Elsevier B.V. The LUX (Large Underground Xenon) experiment aims at the direct detection of dark matter particles via their collisions with xenon nuclei. The 370. kg two-phase liquid xenon time projection chamber measures simultaneously the scintillation and ionization from interactions in the target. The ratio of these two signals provides very good discrimination between potential nuclear recoil and electronic recoil signals to search for WIMP-nucleon scattering. The LUX detector operates at the Sanford Underground Research Facility (Lead, South Dakota, USA) since February 2013. First results were presented in late 2013 setting the world's most stringent limits on WIMP-nucleon scattering cross-sections over a wide range of WIMP masses. A 300 day run beginning in 2014 will further improve the sensitivity and new calibration techniques will reduce systematics for the WIMP signal search.
Published: 2015

36. Radiogenic and muon-induced backgrounds in the LUX dark matter detector

Author: Akerib, DS, Araújo, HM, Bai, X, Bailey, AJ, Balajthy, J, Bernard, E, Bernstein, A, Bradley, A, Byram, D, Cahn, SB, Carmona-Benitez, MC, Chan, C, Chapman, JJ, Chiller, AA, Chiller, C, Coffey, T, Currie, A, de Viveiros, L, Dobi, A, Dobson, J, Druszkiewicz, E, Edwards, B, Faham, CH, Fiorucci, S, Flores, C, Gaitskell, RJ, Gehman, VM, Ghag, C, Gibson, KR, Gilchriese, MGD, Hall, C, Hertel, SA, Horn, M, Huang, DQ, Ihm, M, Jacobsen, RG, Kazkaz, K, Knoche, R, Larsen, NA, Lee, C, Lindote, A, Lopes, MI, Malling, DC, Mannino, R, McKinsey, DN, Mei, D-M, Mock, J, Moongweluwan, M, Morad, J, Murphy, Nehrkorn, C, Nelson, H, Neves, F, Ott, RA, Pangilinan, M, Parker, PD, Pease, EK, Pech, K, Phelps, P, Reichhart, L, Shutt, T, Silva, C, Solovov, VN, Sorensen, P, O’Sullivan, K, Sumner, TJ, Szydagis, M, Taylor, D, Tennyson, B, Tiedt, DR, Tripathi, M, Uvarov, S, Verbus, JR, Walsh, N, Webb, R, White, JT, Witherell, MS, Wolfs, FLH, Woods, M, and Zhang, C
Subjects: Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Particle and High Energy Physics, Physical Sciences, LUX, Dark matter, Radioactive background, Material screening, Simulation, astro-ph.IM, physics.ins-det, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Astronomical sciences, Particle and high energy physics
Abstract: The Large Underground Xenon (LUX) dark matter experiment aims to detect rare low-energy interactions from Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs). The radiogenic backgrounds in the LUX detector have been measured and compared with Monte Carlo simulation. Measurements of LUX high-energy data have provided direct constraints on all background sources contributing to the background model. The expected background rate from the background model for the 85.3 day WIMP search run is (2.6±0.2stat±0.4sys) ×10-3 events keVee-1kg-1day-1 in a 118 kg fiducial volume. The observed background rate is (3.6±0.4 stat)×10-3 events keVee-1kg-1day- 1, consistent with model projections. The expectation for the radiogenic background in a subsequent one-year run is presented. © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Published: 2015

37. Radon-related Backgrounds in the LUX Dark Matter Search

Author: Bradley, A, Akerib, DS, Araújo, HM, Bai, X, Bailey, AJ, Balajthy, J, Bernard, E, Bernstein, A, Byram, D, Cahn, SB, Carmona-Benitez, MC, Chan, C, Chapman, JJ, Chiller, AA, Chiller, C, Coffey, T, Currie, A, de Viveiros, L, Dobi, A, Dobson, J, Druszkiewicz, E, Edwards, B, Faham, CH, Fiorucci, S, Flores, C, Gaitskell, RJ, Gehman, VM, Ghag, C, Gibson, KR, Gilchriese, MGD, Hall, C, Hertel, SA, Horn, M, Huang, DQ, Ihm, M, Jacobsen, RG, Kazkaz, K, Knoche, R, Larsen, NA, Lee, C, Lindote, A, Lopes, MI, Malling, DC, Mannino, R, McKinsey, DN, Mei, D-M, Mock, J, Moongweluwan, M, Morad, J, Murphy, A St J, Nehrkorn, C, Nelson, H, Neves, F, Ott, RA, Pangilinan, M, Parker, PD, Pease, EK, Pech, K, Phelps, P, Reichhart, L, Shutt, T, Silva, C, Solovov, VN, Sorensen, P, O'Sullivan, K, Sumner, TJ, Szydagis, M, Taylor, D, Tennyson, B, Tiedt, DR, Tripathi, M, Uvarov, S, Verbus, JR, Walsh, N, Webb, R, White, JT, Witherell, MS, Wolfs, FLH, Woods, M, and Zhang, C
Subjects: dark matter, liquid noble detectors, xenon, radon, background characterization
Abstract: The LUX detector is currently in operation at the Davis Campus at the 4850' level of the Sanford Underground Research Facility (SURF) in Lead, SD to directly search for WIMP dark matter. Knowing the type and rate of backgrounds is critical in a rare, low energy event search, and LUX was designed, constructed, and deployed to mitigate backgrounds, both internal and external. An important internal background are decays of radon and its daughters. These consist of alpha decays, which are easily tagged and are a tracer of certain backgrounds, and beta decays, some of which are not as readily tagged and present a background for the WIMP search. We report on studies of alpha decay and discuss implications for the WIMP search.
Published: 2015

38. The LUX Experiment

Author: Akerib, DS, Araújo, HM, Bai, X, Bailey, AJ, Balajthy, J, Bernard, E, Bernstein, A, Bradley, A, Byram, D, Cahn, SB, Carmona-Benitez, MC, Chan, C, Chapman, JJ, Chiller, AA, Chiller, C, Coffey, T, Currie, A, de Viveiros, L, Dobi, A, Dobson, J, Druszkiewicz, E, Edwards, B, Faham, CH, Fiorucci, S, Flores, C, Gaitskell, RJ, Gehman, VM, Ghag, C, Gibson, KR, Gilchriese, MGD, Hall, C, Hertel, SA, Horn, M, Huang, DQ, Ihm, M, Jacobsen, RG, Kazkaz, K, Knoche, R, Larsen, NA, Lee, C, Lindote, A, Lopes, MI, Malling, DC, Mannino, R, McKinsey, DN, Mei, D-M, Mock, J, Moongweluwan, M, Morad, J, Murphy, A St J, Nehrkorn, C, Nelson, H, Neves, F, Ott, RA, Pangilinan, M, Parker, PD, Pease, EK, Pech, K, Phelps, P, Reichhart, L, Shutt, T, Silva, C, Solovov, VN, Sorensen, P, O'Sullivan, K, Sumner, TJ, Szydagis, M, Taylor, D, Tennyson, B, Tiedt, DR, Tripathi, M, Uvarov, S, Verbus, JR, Walsh, N, Webb, R, White, JT, Witherell, MS, Wolfs, FLH, Woods, M, and Zhang, C
Subjects: Liquid xenon detectors, Dark matter, WIMP, Direct detection
Abstract: We present the status and prospects of the LUX experiment, which employs approximately 300 kg of two-phase xenon to search for WIMP dark matter interactions. The LUX detector was commissioned at the surface laboratory of the Sanford Underground Research Facility in Lead, SD, between December 2011 and February 2012 and the detector has been operating underground since January, 2013. These proceedings review the results of the commissioning run as well as the status of underground data-taking through the summer of 2013.
Published: 2015

39. First results from the LUX dark matter experiment at the Sanford Underground Research Facility

Author: LUX Collaboration, Akerib, D. S., Araujo, H. M., Bai, X., Bailey, A. J., Balajthy, J., Bedikian, S., Bernard, E., Bernstein, A., Bolozdynya, A., Bradley, A., Byram, D., Cahn, S. B., Carmona-Benitez, M. C., Chan, C., Chapman, J. J., Chiller, A. A., Chiller, C., Clark, K., Coffey, T., Currie, A., Curioni, A., Dazeley, S., de Viveiros, L., Dobi, A., Dobson, J., Dragowsky, E. M., Druszkiewicz, E., Edwards, B., Faham, C. H., Fiorucci, S., Flores, C., Gaitskell, R. J., Gehman, V. M., Ghag, C., Gibson, K. R., Gilchriese, M. G. D., Hall, C., Hanhardt, M., Hertel, S. A., Horn, M., Huang, D. Q., Ihm, M., Jacobsen, R. G., Kastens, L., Kazkaz, K., Knoche, R., Kyre, S., Lander, R., Larsen, N. A., Lee, C., Leonard, D. S., Lesko, K. T., Lindote, A., Lopes, M. I., Lyashenko, A., Malling, D. C., Mannino, R., McKinsey, D. N., Mei, D. -M., Mock, J., Moongweluwan, M., Morad, J., Morii, M., Murphy, A. St. J., Nehrkorn, C., Nelson, H., Neves, F., Nikkel, J. A., Ott, R. A., Pangilinan, M., Parker, P. D., Pease, E. K., Pech, K., Phelps, P., Reichhart, L., Shutt, T., Silva, C., Skulski, W., Sofka, C. J., Solovov, V. N., Sorensen, P., Stiegler, T., O`Sullivan, K., Sumner, T. J., Svoboda, R., Sweany, M., Szydagis, M., Taylor, D., Tennyson, B., Tiedt, D. R., Tripathi, M., Uvarov, S., Verbus, J. R., Walsh, N., Webb, R., White, J. T., White, D., Witherell, M. S., Wlasenko, M., Wolfs, F. L. H., Woods, M., and Zhang, C.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract: The Large Underground Xenon (LUX) experiment, a dual-phase xenon time-projection chamber operating at the Sanford Underground Research Facility (Lead, South Dakota), was cooled and filled in February 2013. We report results of the first WIMP search dataset, taken during the period April to August 2013, presenting the analysis of 85.3 live-days of data with a fiducial volume of 118 kg. A profile-likelihood analysis technique shows our data to be consistent with the background-only hypothesis, allowing 90% confidence limits to be set on spin-independent WIMP-nucleon elastic scattering with a minimum upper limit on the cross section of $7.6 \times 10^{-46}$ cm$^{2}$ at a WIMP mass of 33 GeV/c$^2$. We find that the LUX data are in strong disagreement with low-mass WIMP signal interpretations of the results from several recent direct detection experiments., Comment: Accepted by Phys. Rev. Lett. Appendix A included as supplementary material with PRL article
Published: 2013
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40. The Large Underground Xenon (LUX) Experiment

Author: Akerib, D. S., Bai, X., Bedikian, S., Bernard, E., Bernstein, A., Bolozdynya, A., Bradley, A., Byram, D., Cahn, S. B., Camp, C., Carmona-Benitez, M. C., Carr, D., Chapman, J. J., Chiller, A., Chiller, C., Clark, K., Classen, T., Coffey, T., Curioni, A., Dahl, E., Dazeley, S., de Viveiros, L., Dobi, A., Dragowsky, E., Druszkiewicz, E., Edwards, B., Faham, C. H., Fiorucci, S., Gaitskell, R. J., Gibson, K. R., Gilchriese, M., Hall, C., Hanhardt, M., Holbrook, B., Ihm, M., Jacobsen, R. G., Kastens, L., Kazkaz, K., Knoche, R., Kyre, S., Kwong, J., Lander, R., Larsen, N. A., Lee, C., Leonard, D. S., Lesko, K. T., Lindote, A., Lopes, M. I., Lyashenko, A., Malling, D. C., Mannino, R., Marquez, Z., McKinsey, D. N., Mei, D. -M., Mock, J., Moongweluwan, M., Morii, M., Nelson, H., Neves, F., Nikkel, J. A., Pangilinan, M., Parker, P. D., Pease, E. K., Pech, K., Phelps, P., Rodionov, A., Roberts, P., Shei, A., Shutt, T., Silva, C., Skulski, W., Solovov, V. N., Sofka, C. J., Sorensen, P., Spaans, J., Stiegler, T., Stolp, D., Svoboda, R., Sweany, M., Szydagis, M., Taylor, D., Thomson, J., Tripathi, M., Uvarov, S., Verbus, J. R., Walsh, N., Webb, R., White, D., White, J. T., Whitis, T. J., Wlasenko, M., Wolfs, F. L. H., Woods, M., and Zhang, C.
Subjects: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: The Large Underground Xenon (LUX) collaboration has designed and constructed a dual-phase xenon detector, in order to conduct a search for Weakly Interacting Massive Particles(WIMPs), a leading dark matter candidate. The goal of the LUX detector is to clearly detect (or exclude) WIMPS with a spin independent cross section per nucleon of $2\times 10^{-46}$ cm$^{2}$, equivalent to $\sim$1 event/100 kg/month in the inner 100-kg fiducial volume (FV) of the 370-kg detector. The overall background goals are set to have $<$1 background events characterized as possible WIMPs in the FV in 300 days of running. This paper describes the design and construction of the LUX detector., Comment: 50 pages, 16 figures
Published: 2012
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41. First Results from the LUX Dark Matter Experiment at the Sanford Underground Research Facility

Author: Akerib, DS, Araújo, HM, Bai, X, Bailey, AJ, Balajthy, J, Bedikian, S, Bernard, E, Bernstein, A, Bolozdynya, A, Bradley, A, Byram, D, Cahn, SB, Carmona-Benitez, MC, Chan, C, Chapman, JJ, Chiller, AA, Chiller, C, Clark, K, Coffey, T, Currie, A, Curioni, A, Dazeley, S, de Viveiros, L, Dobi, A, Dobson, J, Dragowsky, EM, Druszkiewicz, E, Edwards, B, Faham, CH, Fiorucci, S, Flores, C, Gaitskell, RJ, Gehman, VM, Ghag, C, Gibson, KR, Gilchriese, MGD, Hall, C, Hanhardt, M, Hertel, SA, Horn, M, Huang, DQ, Ihm, M, Jacobsen, RG, Kastens, L, Kazkaz, K, Knoche, R, Kyre, S, Lander, R, Larsen, NA, Lee, C, Leonard, DS, Lesko, KT, Lindote, A, Lopes, MI, Lyashenko, A, Malling, DC, Mannino, R, McKinsey, DN, Mei, D-M, Mock, J, Moongweluwan, M, Morad, J, Morii, M, Murphy, A St J, Nehrkorn, C, Nelson, H, Neves, F, Nikkel, JA, Ott, RA, Pangilinan, M, Parker, PD, Pease, EK, Pech, K, Phelps, P, Reichhart, L, Shutt, T, Silva, C, Skulski, W, Sofka, CJ, Solovov, VN, Sorensen, P, Stiegler, T, O'Sullivan, K, Sumner, TJ, Svoboda, R, Sweany, M, Szydagis, M, Taylor, D, Tennyson, B, Tiedt, DR, Tripathi, M, Uvarov, S, Verbus, JR, Walsh, N, Webb, R, White, JT, White, D, Witherell, MS, Wlasenko, M, and Wolfs, FLH
Subjects: Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Particle and High Energy Physics, Physical Sciences, LUX Collaboration, astro-ph.CO, astro-ph.IM, hep-ex, physics.ins-det, Mathematical Sciences, Engineering, General Physics, Mathematical sciences, Physical sciences
Abstract: The Large Underground Xenon (LUX) experiment is a dual-phase xenon time-projection chamber operating at the Sanford Underground Research Facility (Lead, South Dakota). The LUX cryostat was filled for the first time in the underground laboratory in February 2013. We report results of the first WIMP search data set, taken during the period from April to August 2013, presenting the analysis of 85.3 live days of data with a fiducial volume of 118 kg. A profile-likelihood analysis technique shows our data to be consistent with the background-only hypothesis, allowing 90% confidence limits to be set on spin-independent WIMP-nucleon elastic scattering with a minimum upper limit on the cross section of 7.6 × 10(-46) cm(2) at a WIMP mass of 33 GeV/c(2). We find that the LUX data are in disagreement with low-mass WIMP signal interpretations of the results from several recent direct detection experiments.
Published: 2014

42. A Detailed Look at the First Results from the Large Underground Xenon (LUX) Dark Matter Experiment

Author: Szydagis, M, Akerib, DS, Araujo, HM, Bai, X, Bailey, AJ, Balajthy, J, Bernard, E, Bernstein, A, Bradley, A, Byram, D, Cahn, SB, Carmona-Benitez, MC, Chan, C, Chapman, JJ, Chiller, AA, Chiller, C, Coffey, T, Currie, A, Viveiros, L de, Dobi, A, Dobson, J, Druszkiewicz, E, Edwards, B, Faham, CH, Fiorucci, S, Flores, C, Gaitskell, RJ, Gehman, VM, Ghag, C, Gibson, KR, Gilchriese, MGD, Hall, C, Hertel, SA, Horn, M, Huang, DQ, Ihm, M, Jacobsen, RG, Kazkaz, K, Knoche, R, Larsen, NA, Lee, C, Lindote, A, Lopes, MI, Malling, DC, Mannino, R, McKinsey, DN, Mei, D-M, Mock, J, Moongweluwan, M, Morad, J, Murphy, A St J, Nehrkorn, C, Nelson, H, Neves, F, Ott, RA, Pangilinan, M, Parker, PD, Pease, EK, Pech, K, Phelps, P, Reichhart, L, Shutt, T, Silva, C, Solovov, VN, Sorensen, P, O'Sullivan, K, Sumner, T, Taylor, D, Tennyson, B, Tiedt, DR, Tripathi, M, Uvarov, S, Verbus, JR, Walsh, N, Webb, R, White, JT, Witherell, MS, Wolfs, FLH, Woods, M, and Zhang, C
Subjects: hep-ex, astro-ph.CO, astro-ph.IM, physics.ins-det
Abstract: LUX, the world's largest dual-phase xenon time-projection chamber, with afiducial target mass of 118 kg and 10,091 kg-days of exposure thus far, iscurrently the most sensitive direct dark matter search experiment. The initialnull-result limit on the spin-independent WIMP-nucleon scattering cross-sectionwas released in October 2013, with a primary scintillation threshold of 2 phe,roughly 3 keVnr for LUX. The detector has been deployed at the SanfordUnderground Research Facility (SURF) in Lead, South Dakota, and is the firstexperiment to achieve a limit on the WIMP cross-section lower than $10^{-45}$cm$^{2}$. Here we present a more in-depth discussion of the novel energy scaleemployed to better understand the nuclear recoil light and charge yields, andof the calibration sources, including the new internal tritium source. We foundthe LUX data to be in conflict with low-mass WIMP signal interpretations ofother results.
Published: 2014

43. Direct search for dark matter with two-phase xenon detectors: Current status of LUX and plans for LZ

Author: Akerib, DS, Araújo, HM, Bai, X, Bailey, AJ, Balajthy, J, Bernard, E, Bernstein, A, Bradley, A, Byram, D, Cahn, SB, Carmona-Benitez, MC, Chan, C, Chapman, JJ, Chiller, AA, Chiller, C, Coffey, T, Currie, A, De Viveiros, L, Dobi, A, Dobson, J, Druszkiewicz, E, Edwards, B, Faham, CH, Fiorucci, S, Flores, C, Gaitskell, RJ, Gehman, VM, Ghag, C, Gibson, KR, Gilchriese, MGD, Hall, C, Hertel, SA, Horn, M, Huang, DQ, Ihm, M, Jacobsen, RG, Kazkaz, K, Knoche, R, Larsen, NA, Lee, C, Lenardo, B, Lesko, KT, Lindote, A, Lopes, MI, Malling, DC, Man-Nino, R, McKinsey, DN, Mei, DM, Mock, J, Moongweluwan, M, Morad, J, Murphy, ASJ, Nehrkorn, C, Nelson, H, Neves, F, Ott, RA, Pangilinan, M, Parker, PD, Pease, EK, Pech, K, Phelps, P, Reichhart, L, Shutt, T, Silva, C, Solovov, VN, Sorensen, P, O'Sullivan, K, Sumner, TJ, Szydagis, M, Tay-Lor, D, Tennyson, B, Tiedt, DR, Tripathi, M, Uvarov, S, Verbus, JR, Walsh, N, Webb, R, White, JT, Witherell, MS, Wolfs, FLH, Woods, M, and Zhang, C
Abstract: The search for dark matter reaches back generations and remains one of the most compelling endeavors in the hunt for physics beyond the Standard Model. Experiments attempting to directly detect WIMP dark matter have made re-markable progress in increasing sensitivity to elastic scattering of WIMPs on nuclei. The LUX experiment is a 370-kg, two-phase, xenon TPC currently running at SURF, 4850 feet below Lead, SD. LUX recently completed its first science run and was sensitive to spin independent WIMP scattering at cross sections below 10-45 cm2 for WIMP masses of approximately 20 to 80 GeV. Preparations for the final science run of LUX are currently underway, with final results expected in 2015. We will present results from and current status of the LUX experiment, as well as plans for a follow-on, multi-ton-scale xenon experiment at SURF.
Published: 2014

44. Results from the LUX dark matter experiment

Author: Horn, M, Akerib, DS, Arau jo, HM, Bai, X, Bailey, AJ, Balajthy, J, Bernard, E, Bernstein, A, Bradley, A, Byram, D, Cahn, SB, Carmona-Benitez, MC, Chan, C, Chapman, JJ, Chiller, AA, Chiller, C, Currie, A, de Viveiros, L, Dobi, A, Dobson, J, Druszkiewicz, E, Edwards, B, Faham, CH, Fiorucci, S, Flores, C, Gaitskell, RJ, Gehman, VM, Ghag, C, Gibson, KR, Gilchriese, MGD, Hall, C, Hanhardt, M, Haselschwardt, S, Hertel, SA, Huang, DQ, Ihm, M, Jacobsen, RG, Kazkaz, K, Knoche, R, Larsen, NA, Lee, C, Lenardo, B, Lesko, KT, Lindote, A, Lopes, MI, Malling, DC, Mannino, R, McKinsey, DN, Mei, DM, Mock, J, Moongweluwan, M, Morad, J, Murphy, ASJ, Nehrkorn, C, Nelson, H, Neves, F, Ott, RA, Pangilinan, M, Parker, PD, Pease, EK, Pech, K, Phelps, P, Reichhart, L, Shutt, T, Silva, C, Solovov, VN, Sorensen, P, O'Sullivan, K, Sumner, TJ, Szydagis, M, Taylor, D, Tennyson, B, Tiedt, DR, Tripathi, M, Uvarov, S, Verbus, JR, Walsh, N, Webb, R, White, JT, Witherell, MS, Wolfs, FLH, Woods, M, and Zhang, C
Subjects: Dark matter, WIMP, Liquid xenon, Time projection chamber, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Other Physical Sciences
Abstract: © 2014 Elsevier B.V. The LUX (Large Underground Xenon) experiment aims at the direct detection of dark matter particles via their collisions with xenon nuclei. The 370. kg two-phase liquid xenon time projection chamber measures simultaneously the scintillation and ionization from interactions in the target. The ratio of these two signals provides very good discrimination between potential nuclear recoil and electronic recoil signals to search for WIMP-nucleon scattering. The LUX detector operates at the Sanford Underground Research Facility (Lead, South Dakota, USA) since February 2013. First results were presented in late 2013 setting the world's most stringent limits on WIMP-nucleon scattering cross-sections over a wide range of WIMP masses. A 300 day run beginning in 2014 will further improve the sensitivity and new calibration techniques will reduce systematics for the WIMP signal search.
Published: 2014

45. Chromatographic separation of radioactive noble gases from xenon

Author: Akerib, D.S., Araújo, H.M., Bai, X., Bailey, A.J., Balajthy, J., Beltrame, P., Bernard, E.P., Bernstein, A., Biesiadzinski, T.P., Boulton, E.M., Bramante, R., Cahn, S.B., Carmona-Benitez, M.C., Chan, C., Chiller, A.A., Chiller, C., Coffey, T., Currie, A., Cutter, J.E., Davison, T.J.R., Dobi, A., Dobson, J.E.Y., Druszkiewicz, E., Edwards, B.N., Faham, C.H., Fiorucci, S., Gaitskell, R.J., Gehman, V.M., Ghag, C., Gibson, K.R., Gilchriese, M.G.D., Hall, C.R., Hanhardt, M., Haselschwardt, S.J., Hertel, S.A., Hogan, D.P., Horn, M., Huang, D.Q., Ignarra, C.M., Ihm, M., Jacobsen, R.G., Ji, W., Kamdin, K., Kazkaz, K., Khaitan, D., Knoche, R., Larsen, N.A., Lee, C., Lenardo, B.G., Lesko, K.T., Lindote, A., Lopes, M.I., Manalaysay, A., Mannino, R.L., Marzioni, M.F., McKinsey, D.N., Mei, D.-M., Mock, J., Moongweluwan, M., Morad, J.A., Murphy, A.St.J., Nehrkorn, C., Nelson, H.N., Neves, F., O’Sullivan, K., Oliver-Mallory, K.C., Palladino, K.J., Pease, E.K., Pech, K., Phelps, P., Reichhart, L., Rhyne, C., Shaw, S., Shutt, T.A., Silva, C., Solovov, V.N., Sorensen, P., Stephenson, S., Sumner, T.J., Szydagis, M., Taylor, D.J., Taylor, W., Tennyson, B.P., Terman, P.A., Tiedt, D.R., To, W.H., Tripathi, M., Tvrznikova, L., Uvarov, S., Verbus, J.R., Webb, R.C., White, J.T., Whitis, T.J., Witherell, M.S., Wolfs, F.L.H., Yazdani, K., Young, S.K., and Zhang, C.
Published: 2018
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46. The Large Underground Xenon (LUX) experiment

Author: Akerib, DS, Bai, X, Bedikian, S, Bernard, E, Bernstein, A, Bolozdynya, A, Bradley, A, Byram, D, Cahn, SB, Camp, C, Carmona-Benitez, MC, Carr, D, Chapman, JJ, Chiller, A, Chiller, C, Clark, K, Classen, T, Coffey, T, Curioni, A, Dahl, E, Dazeley, S, de Viveiros, L, Dobi, A, Dragowsky, E, Druszkiewicz, E, Edwards, B, Faham, CH, Fiorucci, S, Gaitskell, RJ, Gibson, KR, Gilchriese, M, Hall, C, Hanhardt, M, Holbrook, B, Ihm, M, Jacobsen, RG, Kastens, L, Kazkaz, K, Knoche, R, Kyre, S, Kwong, J, Lander, R, Larsen, NA, Lee, C, Leonard, DS, Lesko, KT, Lindote, A, Lopes, MI, Lyashenko, A, Malling, DC, Mannino, R, Marquez, Z, McKinsey, DN, Mei, D-M, Mock, J, Moongweluwan, M, Morii, M, Nelson, H, Neves, F, Nikkel, JA, Pangilinan, M, Parker, PD, Pease, EK, Pech, K, Phelps, P, Rodionov, A, Roberts, P, Shei, A, Shutt, T, Silva, C, Skulski, W, Solovov, VN, Sofka, CJ, Sorensen, P, Spaans, J, Stiegler, T, Stolp, D, Svoboda, R, Sweany, M, Szydagis, M, Taylor, D, Thomson, J, Tripathi, M, Uvarov, S, Verbus, JR, Walsh, N, Webb, R, White, D, White, JT, Whitis, TJ, Wlasenko, M, Wolfs, FLH, Woods, M, and Zhang, C
Subjects: Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Particle and High Energy Physics, Physical Sciences, Dark matter detectors, Liquid xenon, physics.ins-det, hep-ex, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Other Physical Sciences, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Nuclear and plasma physics
Abstract: The Large Underground Xenon (LUX) collaboration has designed and constructed a dual-phase xenon detector, in order to conduct a search for Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs), a leading dark matter candidate. The goal of the LUX detector is to clearly detect (or exclude) WIMPS with a spin independent cross-section per nucleon of 2×10-46cm2, equivalent to ∼1event/100kg/month in the inner 100-kg fiducial volume (FV) of the 370-kg detector. The overall background goals are set to have
Published: 2013

47. FPGA-based trigger system for the LUX dark matter experiment

Author: Akerib, D.S., Araújo, H.M., Bai, X., Bailey, A.J., Balajthy, J., Beltrame, P., Bernard, E.P., Bernstein, A., Biesiadzinski, T.P., Boulton, E.M., Bradley, A., Bramante, R., Cahn, S.B., Carmona-Benitez, M.C., Chan, C., Chapman, J.J., Chiller, A.A., Chiller, C., Currie, A., Cutter, J.E., Davison, T.J.R., de Viveiros, L., Dobi, A., Dobson, J.E.Y., Druszkiewicz, E., Edwards, B.N., Faham, C.H., Fiorucci, S., Gaitskell, R.J., Gehman, V.M., Ghag, C., Gibson, K.R., Gilchriese, M.G.D., Hall, C.R., Hanhardt, M., Haselschwardt, S.J., Hertel, S.A., Hogan, D.P., Horn, M., Huang, D.Q., Ignarra, C.M., Ihm, M., Jacobsen, R.G., Ji, W., Kazkaz, K., Khaitan, D., Knoche, R., Larsen, N.A., Lee, C., Lenardo, B.G., Lesko, K.T., Lindote, A., Lopes, M.I., Malling, D.C., Manalaysay, A.G., Mannino, R.L., Marzioni, M.F., McKinsey, D.N., Mei, D.-M., Mock, J., Moongweluwan, M., Morad, J.A., Murphy, A.St.J., Nehrkorn, C., Nelson, H.N., Neves, F., O׳Sullivan, K., Oliver-Mallory, K.C., Ott, R.A., Palladino, K.J., Pangilinan, M., Pease, E.K., Phelps, P., Reichhart, L., Rhyne, C., Shaw, S., Shutt, T.A., Silva, C., Skulski, W., Solovov, V.N., Sorensen, P., Stephenson, S., Sumner, T.J., Szydagis, M., Taylor, D.J., Taylor, W., Tennyson, B.P., Terman, P.A., Tiedt, D.R., To, W.H., Tripathi, M., Tvrznikova, L., Uvarov, S., Verbus, J.R., Webb, R.C., White, J.T., Whitis, T.J., Witherell, M.S., Wolfs, F.L.H., Yin, J., Young, S.K., and Zhang, C.
Published: 2016
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48. First Results of the LUX Dark Matter Experiment

Author: Akerib, D.S., Araújo, H.M., Bai, X., Bailey, A.J., Balajthy, J., Beltrame, P., Bernard, E., Bernstein, A., Bradley, A., Byram, D., Cahn, S.B., Chan, C., Chapman, J.J., Chiller, A.A., Chiller, C., Currie, A., de Viveiros, L., Dobi, A., Dobson, J., Druszkiewicz, E., Edwards, B., Faham, C.H., Fiorucci, S., Flores, C., Gaitskell, R.J., Gehman, V.M., Ghag, C., Gibson, K.R., Gilchriese, M.G.D., Hall, C., Hanhardt, M., Haselschwardt, S., Hertel, S.A., Horn, M., Huang, D.Q., Ihm, M., Jacobsen, R.G., Kazkaz, K., Knoche, R., Larsen, N.A., Lee, C., Lenardo, B., Lesko, K.T., Lindote, A., Lopes, M.I., Malling, D.C., Manalaysay, A., Mannino, R., McKinsey, D.N., Mei, D.-M., Mock, J., Moongweluwan, M., Morad, J., Murphy, A.St.J., Nehrkorn, C., Nelson, H., Neves, F., Ott, R.A., Pangilinan, M., Parker, P.D., Pease, E.K., Pech, K., Phelps, P., Reichhart, L., Shutt, T., Silva, C., Solovov, V.N., Sorensen, P., O'Sullivan, K., Sumner, T.J., Szydagis, M., Taylor, D., Tennyson, B., Tiedt, D.R., Tripathi, M., Tvrznikova, L., Uvarov, S., Verbus, J.R., Walsh, N., Webb, R., White, J.T., Witherell, M.S., Wolfs, F.L.H., Woods, M., Zhang, C., and Carmona-Benitez, M.C.
Published: 2016
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49. Radiogenic and muon-induced backgrounds in the LUX dark matter detector

Author: Akerib, D.S., Araújo, H.M., Bai, X., Bailey, A.J., Balajthy, J., Bernard, E., Bernstein, A., Bradley, A., Byram, D., Cahn, S.B., Carmona-Benitez, M.C., Chan, C., Chapman, J.J., Chiller, A.A., Chiller, C., Coffey, T., Currie, A., de Viveiros, L., Dobi, A., Dobson, J., Druszkiewicz, E., Edwards, B., Faham, C.H., Fiorucci, S., Flores, C., Gaitskell, R.J., Gehman, V.M., Ghag, C., Gibson, K.R., Gilchriese, M.G.D., Hall, C., Hertel, S.A., Horn, M., Huang, D.Q., Ihm, M., Jacobsen, R.G., Kazkaz, K., Knoche, R., Larsen, N.A., Lee, C., Lindote, A., Lopes, M.I., Malling, D.C., Mannino, R., McKinsey, D.N., Mei, D.-M., Mock, J., Moongweluwan, M., Morad, J., Murphy, A.St.J., Nehrkorn, C., Nelson, H., Neves, F., Ott, R.A., Pangilinan, M., Parker, P.D., Pease, E.K., Pech, K., Phelps, P., Reichhart, L., Shutt, T., Silva, C., Solovov, V.N., Sorensen, P., O’Sullivan, K., Sumner, T.J., Szydagis, M., Taylor, D., Tennyson, B., Tiedt, D.R., Tripathi, M., Uvarov, S., Verbus, J.R., Walsh, N., Webb, R., White, J.T., Witherell, M.S., Wolfs, F.L.H., Woods, M., and Zhang, C.
Published: 2015
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50. Radon-related Backgrounds in the LUX Dark Matter Search

Author: Bradley, A., Akerib, D.S., Araújo, H.M., Bai, X., Bailey, A.J., Balajthy, J., Bernard, E., Bernstein, A., Byram, D., Cahn, S.B., Carmona-Benitez, M.C., Chan, C., Chapman, J.J., Chiller, A.A., Chiller, C., Coffey, T., Currie, A., de Viveiros, L., Dobi, A., Dobson, J., Druszkiewicz, E., Edwards, B., Faham, C.H., Fiorucci, S., Flores, C., Gaitskell, R.J., Gehman, V.M., Ghag, C., Gibson, K.R., Gilchriese, M.G.D., Hall, C., Hertel, S.A., Horn, M., Huang, D.Q., Ihm, M., Jacobsen, R.G., Kazkaz, K., Knoche, R., Larsen, N.A., Lee, C., Lindote, A., Lopes, M.I., Malling, D.C., Mannino, R., McKinsey, D.N., Mei, D.-M., Mock, J., Moongweluwan, M., Morad, J., Murphy, A.St.J., Nehrkorn, C., Nelson, H., Neves, F., Ott, R.A., Pangilinan, M., Parker, P.D., Pease, E.K., Pech, K., Phelps, P., Reichhart, L., Shutt, T., Silva, C., Solovov, V.N., Sorensen, P., O'Sullivan, K., Sumner, T.J., Szydagis, M., Taylor, D., Tennyson, B., Tiedt, D.R., Tripathi, M., Uvarov, S., Verbus, J.R., Walsh, N., Webb, R., White, J.T., Witherell, M.S., Wolfs, F.L.H., Woods, M., and Zhang, C.
Published: 2015
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