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Purpose Children of young parents are at elevated risk for child abuse and neglect due to myriad challenges. Despite the dual need for parenting support and mental health support, most literature and programs separate these and do not address maltreated parenting youths' intergenerational context. The current study explores parenting and mental health needs as intertwined, uplifting experiences of young adult mothers with child maltreatment histories, professionals serving them, and mothers' own caregivers. Method Through a community-engaged research process, this grounded theory study was co-conceptualized and conducted through a university-community-based organization partnership. We conducted in-depth interviews with 23 participants: nine young, maltreated mothers aged 18-25 (M = 20.9) years, 14 professionals and two caregivers. Data were collected in the community and analyzed using grounded theory methods. We transcribed each interview and analyzed the transcripts using a structured process of open, focus, axial, and selective/theoretical coding. Rigor was enhanced through several strategies including reflexivity and member checking. Results Grounded theory analysis produced a detailed model of the process of accessing and receiving mental health and parenting support among young, maltreated mothers, including (1) Reckoning with the Impact of Childhood and Adolescent Trauma on Mental Health and Parenting; (2) Reaching Out; (3) Receiving Parenting Support; (4) Receiving Mental Health Support; and (5) Seeking a Change. Conclusions Findings support a comprehensive approach for supporting young parents in improving the trajectories of their families through integrated approaches to parenting and mental health intervention., Author(s): Elizabeth M. Aparicio [sup.1] , Amara Channell Doig [sup.1] , Michelle Jasczynski [sup.1] , Jennifer L. Robinson [sup.1] , Maisha Huq [sup.1] , Jee Hun Yoo [sup.1] , Emily [...]

Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) is a serious health concern in prison populations. Most previous research in prisons has examined lifetime engagement in NSSI, but less is known about correlates and risk factors during imprisonment. Using Nock's integrated theoretical model as a conceptual framework, the present study tested the mediation effect of psychopathy and the moderation effect of cognitive reappraisal skills in the association between childhood maltreatment and NSSI in prisoners. A total of 1042 Chinese male prisoners anonymously completed measures of childhood maltreatment, psychopathy and cognitive reappraisal, and their NSSI was assessed through structured interviews. Regression based tests of the conceptual model showed that childhood maltreatment was significantly associated with NSSI in prisoners, and this association was mediated by psychopathy. Cognitive reappraisal moderated the relationship between psychopathy and NSSI. Specifically, the relationship between psychopathy and NSSI was significant for prisoners with low levels of cognitive reappraisal but non-significant for those with high levels of cognitive reappraisal. These findings highlight the need to consider environmental and intrapersonal factors simultaneously when evaluating risks associated with NSSI in prison populations, and can inform prevention and intervention programs in prison settings., Author(s): Honglei Gu [sup.1] , Tiansheng Xia [sup.2] , Lizhao Wang [sup.3] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.411427.5, 0000 0001 0089 3695, Department of Psychology, Cognition and Human Behavior Key Laboratory of [...]

Because of the Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, 'Circuit-breaker' safety distancing was implemented in Singapore from April to May 2020. Schools and workplaces were closed and parents had to balance telecommuting with parenting responsibilities. Coupled with the high degree of economic uncertainty and reduced social support, these circumstances are hypothesized to increase parenting stress. Based on the Parental Stress Model, this study aims to understand how parents' perceived impact of COVID-19 increased harsh parenting and reduced parent-child relationship closeness through the mediating effects of parenting stress. We collected data from 258 parents living in Singapore using online surveys disseminated through Facebook and community organizations. Our predictor was the perceived impact of COVID-19. Parental stress (mediator) was measured with the Parental Stress Scale. Two outcomes were used: parent-child relationship closeness and harsh parenting (spanking, yelling). Using mediation analysis in the SEM framework, we tested the indirect effects using bias-corrected bootstrap confidence intervals. Our results indicated that parenting stress was a significant mediator in the relationship between the perceived impact of COVID-19 and (a) parent-child closeness (indirect effect = -.30, Bootstrap 99% CI[-.59, -.11]) and (b) harsh parenting (indirect effect = .58, Bootstrap 99% CI[.25, .94]). The impact of COVID-19 and stay-home orders can increase parenting stress. This, in turn, has a negative impact on parenting by affecting parents' relationship with their children and increasing the use of harsh parenting. Given that these are risk factors for potential child abuse, supporting parents and mitigating the impact of COVID-19 are important., Author(s): Gerard Chung [sup.1] , Paul Lanier [sup.1] , Peace Yuh Ju Wong [sup.2] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.10698.36, 0000000122483208, School of Social Work, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, [...]

The experience of physicians and other health care providers in child abuse pediatrics in the last six decades includes successes and failures, which can offer critical insights to inform the growing field of health care providers focusing on elder abuse clinical practice and research. Methods: We compare and contrast child abuse pediatrics and elder abuse geriatrics and identify and describe in detail relevant lessons learned from child abuse. We focus on balancing an urgent call to action with a need for robust evidence to support clinical conclusions. We discuss solutions to research challenges, including the lack of a uniform gold standard for abuse diagnosis and how to ethically recruit subjects who may have cognitive impairment and also be crime victims. We offer recommendations on recruiting and training a specialized health care workforce. We make suggestions for health care providers about how to navigate the legal world including issues with expert testimony and also how to participate in policymaking and development of rational systems. We emphasize the importance of developing and supporting partnerships within the field, with allied fields inside and outside medicine, and internationally. We highlight the value of connecting researchers and clinicians focused on different types of family violence to learn from each other, given that, in many ways, they're treating the same disease., Author(s): Elizabeth M. Bloemen [sup.1] , Tony Rosen [sup.2] , Daniel M. Lindberg [sup.3] , Richard D. Krugman [sup.3] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.430503.1, 0000 0001 0703 675X, Department of Medicine, [...]

The present study describes a Single-Case Experimental Design (SCED) research protocol. The outlined research is aimed at investigating the effectiveness and potential mechanisms of the Resolutions Approach (RA), a multidisciplinary intervention to stop child abuse and enhance safety in the families. Given the heterogeneity of the population and innovativeness of the topic, a SCED with a baseline period (A-phase) followed by a treatment period (B-phase) is designed. Participants will be fifteen families with children between 8 and 18 years in which specific signs of current child abuse are determined by more than one informant. The RA is a 20-session protocol implemented in an individual, family and social network context. Assessments of primary (incidents of child abuse) and secondary (child's emotional and behavioral problems, parental stress, closeness of child-parent relationship) outcomes will take place at the start of the baseline period, at pre- and post-treatment, and at two follow-ups. Personalised, idiosyncratic, assessments of the main family problems will be administered on a weekly base. At post-treatment, a qualitative interview is administered in the families examining the most potent mechanisms of change and treatment components. During social network meetings, safety and openness of communication about child abuse is assessed. This study responds to a need for evidence-based interventions for mental health workers dealing with child abuse. Limitations such as bias in the parental reports of child abuse are discussed. Trial registration: Dutch Trial Register: NTR6757. Registered (retrospectively) 04 November 2017., Author(s): Annemariek J. W. Sepers [sup.1], Vera van der Werff [sup.2], Carlijn de Roos [sup.3], Trudy Mooren [sup.1] [sup.4], Marija Maric [sup.2] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.491097.2, Arq Psychotrauma Expert Group, [...]

The second European Conference on Domestic Violence (ECDV) was held in Porto, Portugal in September 2017. Given the interest in and focus on children and adolescents at both the first and second ECDV, and the identified need to gather research and researchers working in the field of children and domestic violence in Europe, the JOFV made a call for a special issue on European research on children, adolescents and domestic violence. The call has resulted in this double issue of 17 articles which comment on research conducted across Europe, authored from differed scientific backgrounds and reflecting diversity in topics and methods. The work reflects not only how far we have come in Europe on developing research based knowledge on children and domestic violence, but it has also has played an important role in identifying multiple gaps and address needs for the future.., Author(s): Carolina Øverlien [sup.1] [sup.2] , Stephanie Holt [sup.3] Author Affiliations: (Aff1) 0000 0004 0460 5461, grid.504188.0, Norwegian Center for Violence and Traumatic Stress Studies (NKVTS), , Pb 181, 0409, [...]

The role of the current sociopolitical context in the north of Cyprus on the subject of child abuse remains unclear. By considering the unique context of the island, a comparison of mothers' and fathers' child abuse potential in north Cyprus is examined in this study. The participants of the study were 338 parents. The participants completed an 'Information Form' and 'Child Abuse Potential Inventory'. Although there are no statistically significant differences among the mothers' and fathers' potential risk for committing child abuse, child abuse potential was found to differ according to the birth places of the fathers, the ownership status of the homes in which the fathers live and the educational status of both the mothers and fathers. The findings suggest that the socioeconomic factors might impact child abuse potential in the migrant population of north Cyprus. As with the efforts on the prevention of child abuse, social support systems for the migrant families should be improved., Author(s): Utku Beyazit [sup.1] [sup.2] , Aynur Bütün Ayhan [sup.3] Author Affiliations: (Aff1) 0000 0001 0428 6825, grid.29906.34, Kumluca Health Sciences Faculty, Child Development Department, Akdeniz University, , Antalya, Turkey [...]

There is little research on how family violence affects children who live the Arab world. This study had three aims. First, to examine the prevalence of family violence in Yemen. Second, to examine the associations between family violence and internalizing and externalizing problems in Yemeni children. Third, to examine participant gender as a possible moderator. A total of 598 children, 11-16 years old, completed measures of experiencing and witnessing physical and psychological abuse in the home, and reported emotional symptoms and conduct problems. Findings indicate that prevalence rates of all forms of abuse are high among Yemeni children (57.5% experiencing physical abuse, 71.2% psychological abuse, 33.6% witnessing physical abuse, and 78.9% witnessing psychological abuse). Boys experienced more physical and psychological abuse in the home than girls, although the level of physical and psychological abuse children witnessed in the home did not differ for boys and girls. The structural equation model indicated that witnessing psychological abuse was associated with emotional symptoms and conduct problems in children. Experiencing physical abuse was associated with conduct problems, whereas experiencing psychological abuse was associated with emotional symptoms. These associations were similar for boys and girls. These findings suggest that living in an abusive home can have harmful effects on Yemeni children., Author(s): Arwa Alizzy [sup.1] , Esther Calvete [sup.2] , Brad J. Bushman [sup.3] [sup.4] Author Affiliations: (1) University of Sanaa, 0000 0001 2299 4112, grid.412413.1, , Sana'a, Yemen (2) Department [...]

Previous research has investigated the deleterious effects of child maltreatment on child development; however, little research has examined the development of children who live with caregivers who are at risk of maltreatment on child development outcomes. This study utilized self-report data from caregivers that included the Child Abuse Potential Inventory (CAPI), Parenting Stress Inventory-Short Form (PSI/SF), and Adaptive Behavior Assessment System-2nd Edition (ABAS-II) for 116 children ages 3-12 from a rural, Appalachian community. Caregivers with lower child abuse potential, children who used fewer school services, older children, and caregivers with lower household income had better total adaptive skills. Caregivers with lower child abuse potential, children who used fewer school services and older children had better functioning on the academic skills subscale. Children who used fewer school services, were older, and had lower family income had greater self-care skills. Finally, children who used fewer school services had greater communication skills. Parent-child dysfunction was not related to child development outcomes. The findings demonstrate that educators are in a unique position to intervene and support children at risk of maltreatment., Author(s): Benjamin D. Freer [sup.1] , Ginny Sprang [sup.2] , Debbie Katz [sup.2] , Clarissa Belle [sup.2] , Kelsey Sprang [sup.3] Author Affiliations: (1) 0000 0004 0472 3804grid.255802.8Fairleigh Dickinson University, [...]