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Typhoons and storms have often brought heavy rainfalls and induced floods that have frequently caused severe damage and loss of life in Taiwan. Our ability to predict sewer discharge and forecast floods in advance during storm seasons plays an important role in flood warning and flood hazard mitigation. In this paper, we develop an integrated model (TFMBPN) for forecasting sewer discharge that combines two traditional models: a transfer function model and a back propagation neural network. We evaluated the integrated model and the two traditional models by applying them to a sewer system of Taipei metropolis during three past typhoon events (NARI, SINLAKU, and NAKR). The performances of the models were evaluated by using predictions of a total of 6 h of sewer flow stages, and six different evaluation indices of the predictions. Finally, an overall performance index was determined to assess the overall performance of each model. Based on these evaluation indices, our analysis shows that TFMBNP yields accurate results that surpass the two traditional models. Thus, TFMBNP appears to be a promising tool for flood forecasting for the Taipei metropolis sewer system.

We sputtered a Nb2O5/Ag/IZO transparent conductive film on PET substrate. The conductivity of transparent conductive film (TCF) was mainly dependent on the Ag layer, and Nb2O5 and IZO were two materials to design an anti-reflection coating. The sheet resistance was 7.9 Ω/□ with a 7.9 nm-thickness-Ag layer, and the transmittance was 90.11% at Λ=550 nm.

In this paper, we report the indium tin oxide (ITO) films deposited on the polyethyene terephthalate (PET) substrate, which surface is treated with detergent solution. The ITO films are deposited on room temperature by direct current (DC) magnetron sputtering from a ceramic target of a 90% In-10% Sn alloy. The deposited opto-electric ITO films on PET with detergent treatment are 83.4% average visible transparency, and 5.8 × 10 -4 Ω-cm resistivity, respectively. And then, we use the spin coating to form the polymer solar cell. Under optimal conditions of surface treatment and film deposition, the experimental result shows 2.12% of the power conversion efficiency (PCE), which is suitable for the solarcell buoy applications.

A roll-to-roll (R2R) photo-lithographic process using a negative dry film photo-resist was used to pattern ITO on a PET film. The roll type of PET film with patterned ITO was used as one of the electrodes for printed organic diodes fabrication. The web width of the roll-to-roll manufacturing line is 250 mm and the speed can be adjusted from 1 m/min to 3 m/min. The patterned ITO electrode made by the R2R photo-lithographic process showed a feature size less than 10 mum. A polymer diode device was fabricated by coating a polymer conductor and semiconductor on the patterned ITO electrode followed by thermal evaporating a cathode electrode on the semiconductor layer. The diode DC transfer curve showed a Vt at around 0.5V and a ON/OFF ratio above 104. These results demonstrated the feasibility of using the R2R processes for fabricating organic electronics devices.

Synchrotron-based X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy is used to measure N 1s binding energies of several metal amido, imido, and nitrido complexes of group 5 and 6 metals. The N 1s binding energy decreases as the formal M−N bond order increases. A simple correlation between the contraction of the M−N bond and the lowering of binding energy is also observed. This correlation supports a notion that the bonding character of a linear metal−imido linkage resembles that of a metal−nitrido linkage closely.

— Several leading technologies for flexible liquid-crystal displays have been developed recently at ERSO. The roll-to-roll compatible techniques, polymer-added liquid crystal, have been applied on a film-like substrate. A flexible black-and-white cholesteric liquid-crystal display was also implemented by photo-induced phase separation. Color filters placed on a plastic substrate by a low-temperature manufacturing process was successfully fabricated. A novel design of a wide-viewing-angle color plastic LCD was also proposed.