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4. May Measurement Month 2017: an analysis of blood pressure screening results worldwide

Author

Napiza-Granada, C, Sevilla, Ma. RC, Atilano, AA, Ona, DID, More, A, Jose, AP, Maheshwari, A, Kondal, D, Yu, W, Li, W, Xu, S, Yu, J, Zhang, H, Widyantoro, B, Turana, Y, Situmorang, TD, Sofiatin, Y, Barack, R, Lin, H-J, Wang, T-D, Chen, W-J, Sirenko, Y, Evstigneeva, O, Negresku, E, Yousif, ME, Medani, SA, Beheiry, HM, Ali, IA, Zilberman, JM, Marin, MJ, Rodriguez, PD, Garcia-Vasquez, F, Kramoh, KE, Ekoua, D, Lopez-Jaramillo, P, Otero, J, Sanchez, G, Narvaez, C, Accini, JL, Hernandez-Hernandez, R, Octavio, JA, Morr, I, Lopez-Rivera, J, Ojji, D, Arije, A, Babatunte, A, Wahab, KW, Fernandes, M, Pereira, SV, Valentim, M, Dzudie, A, Kingue, S, Djomou Ngongang, DA, Ogola, EN, Barasa, FA, Gitura, B, Malik, F-T-N, Choudhury, SR, Al Mamun, MA, Minh, VH, Viet, NL, Cao Truong, S, Ferri, C, Parati, G, Torlasco, C, Borghi, C, Goma, FM, Syatalimi, C, Zelveian, PH, Barbosa, E, Sebba Barroso, W, Penaherrera, E, Jarrin, E, Yusufali, A, Bazargani, N, Tsinamdzgvrishvili, B, Trapaidze, D, Neupane, D, Mishra, SR, Jozwiak, J, Malyszko, J, Konradi, A, Chazova, I, Ishaq, M, Memon, F, Heagerty, AM, Keitley, J, Brady, AJB, Cockcroft, JR, McDonnell, BJ, Lanas, F, Chia, Y-C, Ndhlovu, H, Kiss, I, Ruilope, LM, Ellenga Mbolla, BF, Milhailidou, AS, Woodiwiss, AJ, Perl, S, Dolan, E, Azevedo, V, Garre, L, Boggia, JG, Lee, VWY, Kowlessur, S, Miglinas, M, Sukackiene, D, Wainford, RD, Habonimana, D, Masupe, T, Ortellado, J, Wuerzner, G, Alcocer, L, Burazeri, G, Sanchez Delgado, E, Lovic, D, Mondo, CK, Mostafa, A, Nadar, SK, Valdez Tiburcio, O, Leiba, A, Dorobantu, M, De Backer, T, Chifamba, J, Stergiou, G, Nwokocha, CR, Sokolovic, S, Toure, AI, Connell, KL, Khan, NA, Burger, D, De Carvalho Rodrigues, M, Kramer, BK, Schmieder, RE, Unger, T, Wyss, FS, Yameogo, NV, Beistline, H, Kenerson, JG, Alfonso, B, Olsen, MH, Soares, M, Beaney, Thomas, Schutte, Aletta E, Tomaszewski, Maciej, Ariti, Cono, Burrell, Louise M, Castillo, Rafael R, Charchar, Fadi J, Damasceno, Albertino, Kruger, Ruan, Lackland, Daniel T, Nilsson, Peter M, Prabhakaran, Dorairaj, Ramirez, Agustin J, Schlaich, Markus P, Wang, Jiguang, Weber, Michael A, and Poulter, Neil R

Published
2018
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5. Fruit, vegetable, and legume intake, and cardiovascular disease and deaths in 18 countries (PURE): a prospective cohort study

Author

Diaz, R, Orlandini, A, Linetsky, B, Toscanelli, S, Casaccia, G, Cuneo, JM Maini, Rahman, O, Yusuf, R, Azad, AK, Rabbani, KA, Cherry, HM, Mannan, A, Hassan, I, Talukdar, AT, Tooheen, RB, Khan, MU, Sintaha, M, Choudhury, T, Haque, R, Parvin, S, Avezum, A, Oliveira, GB, Marcilio, CS, Mattos, AC, Teo, K, Yusuf, S, Dejesus, J, Agapay, D, Tongana, T, Solano, R, Kay, I, Trottier, S, Rimac, J, Elsheikh, W, Heldman, L, Ramezani, E, Dagenais, G, Poirier, P, Turbide, G, Auger, D, De Bluts, A LeBlanc, Proulx, MC, Cayer, M, Bonneville, N, Lear, S, Gasevic, D, Corber, E, de Jong, V, Vukmirovich, I, Wielgosz, A, Fodor, G, Pipe, A, Shane, A, Lanas, F, Seron, P, Martinez, S, Valdebenito, A, Oliveros, M, Wei, Li, Lisheng, Liu, Chunming, Chen, Xingyu, Wang, Wenhua, Zhao, Hongye, Zhang, Xuan, Jia, Bo, Hu, Yi, Sun, Jian, Bo, Xiuwen, Zhao, Xiaohong, Chang, Tao, Chen, Hui, Chen, Qing, Deng, Xiaoru, Cheng, Xinye, He, Jian, Li, Juan, Li, Xu, Liu, Bing, Ren, Wei, Wang, Yang, Wang, Jun, Yang, Yi, Zhai, Manlu, Zhu, Fanghong, Lu, Jianfang, Wu, Yindong, Li, Yan, Hou, Liangqing, Zhang, Baoxia, Guo, Xiaoyang, Liao, Shiying, Zhang, Rongwen, Bian, Xiuzhen, Tian, Dong, Li, Di, Chen, Jianguo, Wu, Yize, Xiao, Tianlu, Liu, Peng, Zhang, Changlin, Dong, Ning, Li, Xiaolan, Ma, Yuqing, Yang, Rensheng, Lei, Minfan, Fu, Jing, He, Yu, Liu, Xiaojie, Xing, Qiang, Zhou, Lopez-Jaramillo, P, Lopez, PA Camacho, Garcia, R, Jurado, LJA, Gómez-Arbeláez, D, Arguello, JF, Dueñas, R, Silva, S, Pradilla, LP, Ramirez, F, Molina, DI, Cure-Cure, C, Perez, M, Hernandez, E, Arcos, E, Fernandez, S, Narvaez, C, Paez, J, Sotomayor, A, Garcia, H, Sanchez, G, David, T, Rico, A, Mony, P, Vaz, M, Bharathi, A V, Swaminathan, S, Kurpad, K Shankar AV, Jayachitra, KG, Kumar, N, Hospital, HAL, Mohan, V, Deepa, M, Parthiban, K, Anitha, M, Hemavathy, S, Rahulashankiruthiyayan, T, Anitha, D, Sridevi, K, Gupta, R, Panwar, RB, Mohan, I, Rastogi, P, Rastogi, S, Bhargava, R, Kumar, R, Thakur, J S, Patro, B, Lakshmi, PVM, Mahajan, R, Chaudary, P, Kutty, V Raman, Vijayakumar, K, Ajayan, K, Rajasree, G, Renjini, AR, Deepu, A, Sandhya, B, Asha, S, Soumya, HS, Kelishadi, R, Bahonar, A, Mohammadifard, N, Heidari, H, Yusoff, K, Ismail, TST, Ng, KK, Devi, A, Nasir, NM, Yasin, MM, Miskan, M, Rahman, EA, Arsad, MKM, Ariffin, F, Razak, SA, Majid, FA, Bakar, NA, Yacob, MY, Zainon, N, Salleh, R, Ramli, MKA, Halim, NA, Norlizan, SR, Ghazali, NM, Arshad, MN, Razali, R, Ali, S, Othman, HR, Hafar, CWJCW, Pit, A, Danuri, N, Basir, F, Zahari, SNA, Abdullah, H, Arippin, MA, Zakaria, NA, Noorhassim, I, Hasni, MJ, Azmi, MT, Zaleha, MI, Hazdi, KY, Rizam, AR, Sazman, W, Azman, A, Khatib, R, Khammash, U, Khatib, A, Giacaman, R, Iqbal, R, Afridi, A, Khawaja, R, Raza, A, Kazmi, K, Zatonski, W, Szuba, A, Zatonska, K, Ilow, R, Ferus, M, Regulska-Ilow, B, Rózanska, D, Wolyniec, M, Alkamel, Ali, M, Kruger, M A, Voster, H H, Schutte, A E, Wentzel-Viljoen, E, Eloff, FC, de Ridder, H, Moss, H, Potgieter, J, Roux, AA, Watson, M, de Wet, G, Olckers, A, Jerling, JC, Pieters, M, Hoekstra, T, Puoane, T, Igumbor, E, Tsolekile, L, Sanders, D, Naidoo, P, Steyn, N, Peer, N, Mayosi, B, Rayner, B, Lambert, V, Levitt, N, Kolbe-Alexander, T, Ntyintyane, L, Hughes, G, Swart, R, Fourie, J, Muzigaba, M, Xapa, S, Gobile, N, Ndayi, K, Jwili, B, Ndibaza, K, Egbujie, B, Rosengren, A, Boström, K Bengtsson, Gustavsson, A, Andreasson, M, Snällman, M, Wirdemann, L, Oguz, A, Imeryuz, N, Altuntas, Y, Gulec, S, Temizhan, A, Karsidag, K, Calik, KBT, Akalin, AAK, Caklili, OT, Keskinler, MV, Erbakan, AN, Yusufali, AM, Almahmeed, W, Swidan, H, Darwish, EA, Hashemi, ARA, Al-Khaja, N, Muscat-Baron, JM, Ahmed, SH, Mamdouh, TM, Darwish, WM, Abdelmotagali, MHS, Awed, SA Omer, Movahedi, GA, Hussain, F, Al Shaibani, H, Gharabou, RIM, Youssef, DF, Nawati, AZS, Salah, ZAR Abu, Abdalla, RFE, Al Shuwaihi, SM, Al Omairi, MA, Cadigal, OD, Alejandrino, R.S., Chifamba, J, Gwaunza, L, Terera, G, Mahachi, C, Murambiwa, P, Machiweni, T, Mapanga, R, Miller, Victoria, Mente, Andrew, Dehghan, Mahshid, Rangarajan, Sumathy, Zhang, Xiaohe, Swaminathan, Sumathi, Dagenais, Gilles, Gupta, Rajeev, Mohan, Viswanathan, Lear, Scott, Bangdiwala, Shrikant I, Schutte, Aletta E, Wentzel-Viljoen, Edelweiss, Avezum, Alvaro, Altuntas, Yuksel, Yusoff, Khalid, Ismail, Noorhassim, Peer, Nasheeta, Chifamba, Jephat, Diaz, Rafael, Rahman, Omar, Mohammadifard, Noushin, Lana, Fernando, Zatonska, Katarzyna, Wielgosz, Andreas, Yusufali, Afzalhussein, Iqbal, Romaina, Lopez-Jaramillo, Patricio, Khatib, Rasha, Rosengren, Annika, Li, Wei, Liu, Jiankang, Liu, Xiaoyun, Yin, Lu, Teo, Koon, Anand, Sonia, and Yusuf, Salim

Published
2017
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6. Associations of fats and carbohydrate intake with cardiovascular disease and mortality in 18 countries from five continents (PURE): a prospective cohort study

Author

Diaz, R, Orlandini, A, Linetsky, B, Toscanelli, S, Casaccia, G, Cuneo, JM Maini, Rahman, O, Yusuf, R, Azad, AK, Rabbani, KA, Cherry, HM, Mannan, A, Hassan, I, Talukdar, AT, Tooheen, RB, Khan, MU, Sintaha, M, Choudhury, T, Haque, R, Parvin, S, Avezum, A, Oliveira, GB, Marcilio, CS, Mattos, AC, Teo, K, Yusuf, S, Dejesus, J, Agapay, D, Tongana, T, Solano, R, Kay, I, Trottier, S, Rimac, J, Elsheikh, W, Heldman, L, Ramezani, E, Dagenais, G, Poirier, P, Turbide, G, Auger, D, De Bluts, A LeBlanc, Proulx, MC, Cayer, M, Bonneville, N, Lear, S, Gasevic, D, Corber, E, de Jong, V, Vukmirovich, I, Wielgosz, A, Fodor, G, Pipe, A, Shane, A, Lanas, F, Seron, P, Martinez, S, Valdebenito, A, Oliveros, M, Wei, Li, Lisheng, Liu, Chunming, Chen, Xingyu, Wang, Wenhua, Zhao, Hongye, Zhang, Xuan, Jia, Bo, Hu, Yi, Sun, Jian, Bo, Xiuwen, Zhao, Xiaohong, Chang, Tao, Chen, Hui, Chen, Qing, Deng, Xiaoru, Cheng, Xinye, He, Jian, Li, Juan, Li, Xu, Liu, Bing, Ren, Wei, Wang, Yang, Wang, Jun, Yang, Yi, Zhai, Manlu, Zhu, Fanghong, Lu, Jianfang, Wu, Yindong, Li, Yan, Hou, Liangqing, Zhang, Baoxia, Guo, Xiaoyang, Liao, Shiying, Zhang, Rongwen, Bian, Xiuzhen, Tian, Dong, Li, Di, Chen, Jianguo, Wu, Yize, Xiao, Tianlu, Liu, Peng, Zhang, Changlin, Dong, Ning, Li, Xiaolan, Ma, Yuqing, Yang, Rensheng, Lei, Minfan, Fu, Jing, He, Yu, Liu, Xiaojie, Xing, Qiang, Zhou, Lopez-Jaramillo, P, Lopez, PA Camacho, Garcia, R, Jurado, LJA, Gómez-Arbeláez, D, Arguello, JF, Dueñas, R, Silva, S, Pradilla, LP, Ramirez, F, Molina, DI, Cure-Cure, C, Perez, M, Hernandez, E, Arcos, E, Fernandez, S, Narvaez, C, Paez, J, Sotomayor, A, Garcia, H, Sanchez, G, David, T, Rico, A, Mony, P, Vaz, M, Bharathi, A V, Swaminathan, S, Kurpad, K Shankar AV, Jayachitra, KG, Kumar, N, Hospital, HAL, Mohan, V, Deepa, M, Parthiban, K, Anitha, M, Hemavathy, S, Rahulashankiruthiyayan, T, Anitha, D, Sridevi, K, Gupta, R, Panwar, RB, Mohan, I, Rastogi, P, Rastogi, S, Bhargava, R, Kumar, R, Thakur, J S, Patro, B, Lakshmi, PVM, Mahajan, R, Chaudary, P, Kutty, V Raman, Vijayakumar, K, Ajayan, K, Rajasree, G, Renjini, AR, Deepu, A, Sandhya, B, Asha, S, Soumya, HS, Kelishadi, R, Bahonar, A, Mohammadifard, N, Heidari, H, Yusoff, K, Ismail, TST, Ng, KK, Devi, A, Nasir, NM, Yasin, MM, Miskan, M, Rahman, EA, Arsad, MKM, Ariffin, F, Razak, SA, Majid, FA, Bakar, NA, Yacob, MY, Zainon, N, Salleh, R, Ramli, MKA, Halim, NA, Norlizan, SR, Ghazali, NM, Arshad, MN, Razali, R, Ali, S, Othman, HR, Hafar, CWJCW, Pit, A, Danuri, N, Basir, F, Zahari, SNA, Abdullah, H, Arippin, MA, Zakaria, NA, Noorhassim, I, Hasni, MJ, Azmi, MT, Zaleha, MI, Hazdi, KY, Rizam, AR, Sazman, W, Azman, A, Khatib, R, Khammash, U, Khatib, A, Giacaman, R, Iqbal, R, Afridi, A, Khawaja, R, Raza, A, Kazmi, K, Zatonski, W, Szuba, A, Zatonska, K, Ilow, R, Ferus, M, Regulska-Ilow, B, Rózanska, D, Wolyniec, M, Alkamel, Ali, M, Kruger, M A, Voster, H H, Schutte, A E, Wentzel-Viljoen, E, Eloff, FC, de Ridder, H, Moss, H, Potgieter, J, Roux, AA, Watson, M, de Wet, G, Olckers, A, Jerling, JC, Pieters, M, Hoekstra, T, Puoane, T, Igumbor, E, Tsolekile, L, Sanders, D, Naidoo, P, Steyn, N, Peer, N, Mayosi, B, Rayner, B, Lambert, V, Levitt, N, Kolbe-Alexander, T, Ntyintyane, L, Hughes, G, Swart, R, Fourie, J, Muzigaba, M, Xapa, S, Gobile, N, Ndayi, K, Jwili, B, Ndibaza, K, Egbujie, B, Rosengren, A, Boström, K Bengtsson, Gustavsson, A, Andreasson, M, Snällman, M, Wirdemann, L, Oguz, A, Imeryuz, N, Altuntas, Y, Gulec, S, Temizhan, A, Karsidag, K, Calik, KBT, Akalin, AAK, Caklili, OT, Keskinler, MV, Erbakan, AN, Yusufali, AM, Almahmeed, W, Swidan, H, Darwish, EA, Hashemi, ARA, Al-Khaja, N, Muscat-Baron, JM, Ahmed, SH, Mamdouh, TM, Darwish, WM, Abdelmotagali, MHS, Awed, SA Omer, Movahedi, GA, Hussain, F, Al Shaibani, H, Gharabou, RIM, Youssef, DF, Nawati, AZS, Salah, ZAR Abu, Abdalla, RFE, Al Shuwaihi, SM, Al Omairi, MA, Cadigal, OD, Alejandrino, R.S., Chifamba, J, Gwaunza, L, Terera, G, Mahachi, C, Murambiwa, P, Machiweni, T, Mapanga, R, Dehghan, Mahshid, Mente, Andrew, Zhang, Xiaohe, Swaminathan, Sumathi, Li, Wei, Mohan, Viswanathan, Iqbal, Romaina, Kumar, Rajesh, Wentzel-Viljoen, Edelweiss, Rosengren, Annika, Amma, Leela Itty, Avezum, Alvaro, Chifamba, Jephat, Diaz, Rafael, Khatib, Rasha, Lear, Scott, Lopez-Jaramillo, Patricio, Liu, Xiaoyun, Gupta, Rajeev, Mohammadifard, Noushin, Gao, Nan, Oguz, Aytekin, Ramli, Anis Safura, Seron, Pamela, Sun, Yi, Szuba, Andrzej, Tsolekile, Lungiswa, Wielgosz, Andreas, Yusuf, Rita, Hussein Yusufali, Afzal, Teo, Koon K, Rangarajan, Sumathy, Dagenais, Gilles, Bangdiwala, Shrikant I, Islam, Shofiqul, Anand, Sonia S, and Yusuf, Salim

Published
2017
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7. Association of dietary nutrients with blood lipids and blood pressure in 18 countries: a cross-sectional analysis from the PURE study

Author

Yusuf, S, Rangarajan, S, Teo, K K, Chow, C K, O'Donnell, M, Mente, A, Leong, D, Smyth, A, Joseph, P, Merchant, A, Islam, S, Zhang, M, Hu, W, Ramasundarahettige, C, Wong, G, Bangdiwala, S, Dyal, L, Casanova, A, Dehghan, M, Lewis, G, Aliberti, A, Arshad, A, Reyes, A, Zaki, A, Lewis, B, Zhang, B, Agapay, D, Hari, D, Milazzo, E, Ramezani, E, Hussain, F, Shifaly, F, McAlpine, G, Kay, I, Lindeman, J, Rimac, J, Swallow, J, Heldman, L, Mushtaha, M(a), Mushtaha, M(o), Trottier, M, Riggi, M, Aoucheva, N, Kandy, N, Mackie, P, Solano, R, Chin, S, Ramacham, S, Shahrook, S, Trottier, S, Tongana, T, ElSheikh, W, Iyengar, Y, McQueen, M, Hall, K, Keys, J, Wang, X, Keneth, J, Devanath, A, Diaz, R, Orlandini, A, Linetsky, B, Toscanelli, S, Casaccia, G, Cuneo, JM Maini, Rahman, O, Yusuf, R, Azad, AK, Rabbani, KA, Cherry, HM, Mannan, A, Hassan, I, Talukdar, AT, Tooheen, RB, Khan, MU, Sintaha, M, Choudhury, T, Haque, R, Parvin, S, Avezum, A, Oliveira, GB, Marcilio, CS, Mattos, AC, Teo, K, Dejesus, J, Elsheikh, W, Dagenais, G, Poirier, P, Turbide, G, Auger, D, De Bluts, A LeBlanc, Proulx, MC, Cayer, M, Bonneville, N, Lear, S, Gasevic, D, Corber, E, de Jong, V, Vukmirovich, I, Wielgosz, A, Fodor, G, Pipe, A, Shane, A, Lanas, F, Seron, P, Martinez, S, Valdebenito, A, Oliveros, M, Wei, Li, Lisheng, Liu, Chunming, Chen, Xingyu, Wang, Wenhua, Zhao, Hongye, Zhang, Xuan, Jia, Bo, Hu, Yi, Sun, Jian, Bo, Xiuwen, Zhao, Xiaohong, Chang, Tao, Chen, Hui, Chen, Qing, Deng, Xiaoru, Cheng, Xinye, He, Jian, Li, Juan, Li, Xu, Liu, Bing, Ren, Wei, Wang, Yang, Wang, Jun, Yang, Yi, Zhai, Manlu, Zhu, Fanghong, Lu, Jianfang, Wu, Yindong, Li, Yan, Hou, Liangqing, Zhang, Baoxia, Guo, Xiaoyang, Liao, Shiying, Zhang, Rongwen, Bian, Xiuzhen, Tian, Dong, Li, Di, Chen, Jianguo, Wu, Yize, Xiao, Tianlu, Liu, Peng, Zhang, Changlin, Dong, Ning, Li, Xiaolan, Ma, Yuqing, Yang, Rensheng, Lei, Minfan, Fu, Jing, He, Yu, Liu, Xiaojie, Xing, Qiang, Zhou, Lopez-Jaramillo, P, Lopez, PA Camacho, Garcia, R, Jurado, LJA, Gómez-Arbeláez, D, Arguello, JF, Dueñas, R, Silva, S, Pradilla, LP, Ramirez, F, Molina, DI, Cure-Cure, C, Perez, M, Hernandez, E, Arcos, E, Fernandez, S, Narvaez, C, Paez, J, Sotomayor, A, Garcia, H, Sanchez, G, David, T, Rico, A, Mony, P, Vaz, M, Bharathi, A V, Swaminathan, S, Kurpad, K Shankar AV, Jayachitra, KG, Kumar, N, Hospital, HAL, Mohan, V, Deepa, M, Parthiban, K, Anitha, M, Hemavathy, S, Rahulashankiruthiyayan, T, Anitha, D, Sridevi, K, Gupta, R, Panwar, RB, Mohan, I, Rastogi, P, Rastogi, S, Bhargava, R, Kumar, R, Thakur, J S, Patro, B, Lakshmi, PVM, Mahajan, R, Chaudary, P, Kutty, V Raman, Vijayakumar, K, Ajayan, K, Rajasree, G, Renjini, AR, Deepu, A, Sandhya, B, Asha, S, Soumya, HS, Kelishadi, R, Bahonar, A, Mohammadifard, N, Heidari, H, Yusoff, K, Ismail, TST, Ng, KK, Devi, A, Nasir, NM, Yasin, MM, Miskan, M, Rahman, EA, Arsad, MKM, Ariffin, F, Razak, SA, Majid, FA, Bakar, NA, Yacob, MY, Zainon, N, Salleh, R, Ramli, MKA, Halim, NA, Norlizan, SR, Ghazali, NM, Arshad, MN, Razali, R, Ali, S, Othman, HR, Hafar, CWJCW, Pit, A, Danuri, N, Basir, F, Zahari, SNA, Abdullah, H, Arippin, MA, Zakaria, NA, Noorhassim, I, Hasni, MJ, Azmi, MT, Zaleha, MI, Hazdi, KY, Rizam, AR, Sazman, W, Azman, A, Khatib, R, Khammash, U, Khatib, A, Giacaman, R, Iqbal, R, Afridi, A, Khawaja, R, Raza, A, Kazmi, K, Dans, A, Co, HU, Sanchez, JT, Pudol, L, Zamora-Pudol, C, Palileo-Villanueva, LAM, Aquino, MR, Abaquin, C, Pudol, SL, Cabral, ML, Zatonski, W, Szuba, A, Zatonska, K, Ilow, R, Ferus, M, Regulska-Ilow, B, Rózanska, D, Wolyniec, M, AlHabib, KF, Hersi, A, Kashour, T, Alfaleh, H, Alshamiri, M, Altaradi, HB, Alnobani, O, Bafart, A, Alkamel, N, Ali, M, Abdulrahman, M, Nouri, R, Kruger, A, Voster, H H, Schutte, A E, Wentzel-Viljoen, E, Eloff, FC, de Ridder, H, Moss, H, Potgieter, J, Roux, AA, Watson, M, de Wet, G, Olckers, A, Jerling, JC, Pieters, M, Hoekstra, T, Puoane, T, Igumbor, E, Tsolekile, L, Sanders, D, Naidoo, P, Steyn, N, Peer, N, Mayosi, B, Rayner, B, Lambert, V, Levitt, N, Kolbe-Alexander, T, Ntyintyane, L, Hughes, G, Swart, R, Fourie, J, Muzigaba, M, Xapa, S, Gobile, N, Ndayi, K, Jwili, B, Ndibaza, K, Egbujie, B, Rosengren, A, Bengtsson Boström, K, Gustavsson, A, Andreasson, M, Snällman, M, Wirdemann, L, Yeates, K, Sleeth, J, Kilonzo, K, Oguz, A, Imeryuz, N, Altuntas, Y, Gulec, S, Temizhan, A, Karsidag, K, Calik, KBT, Akalin, AAK, Caklili, OT, Keskinler, MV, Erbakan, AN, Yusufali, AM, Almahmeed, W, Swidan, H, Darwish, EA, Hashemi, ARA, Al-Khaja, N, Muscat-Baron, JM, Ahmed, SH, Mamdouh, TM, Darwish, WM, Abdelmotagali, MHS, Awed, SA Omer, Movahedi, GA, Al Shaibani, H, Gharabou, RIM, Youssef, DF, Nawati, AZS, Salah, ZAR Abu, Abdalla, RFE, Al Shuwaihi, SM, Al Omairi, MA, Cadigal, OD, Alejandrino, R.S., Chifamba, J, Gwaunza, L, Terera, G, Mahachi, C, Murambiwa, P, Machiweni, T, Mapanga, R, Mente, Andrew, Dehghan, Mahshid, Rangarajan, Sumathy, McQueen, Matthew, Dagenais, Gilles, Wielgosz, Andreas, Lear, Scott, Li, Wei, Chen, Hui, Wang, Yang, Diaz, Rafael, Avezum, Alvaro, Lopez-Jaramillo, Patricio, Seron, Pamela, Kumar, Rajesh, Gupta, Rajeev, Mohan, Viswanathan, Swaminathan, Sumathi, Kutty, Raman, Zatonska, Katarzyna, Iqbal, Romaina, Yusuf, Rita, Mohammadifard, Noushin, Khatib, Rasha, Nasir, Nafiza Mat, Ismail, Noorhassim, Oguz, Aytekin, Rosengren, Annika, Yusufali, Afzalhussein, Wentzel-Viljoen, Edelweiss, Puoane, Thandi, Chifamba, Jephat, Teo, Koon, Anand, Sonia S, and Yusuf, Salim

Published
2017
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8. Availability and affordability of blood pressure-lowering medicines and the effect on blood pressure control in high-income, middle-income, and low-income countries: an analysis of the PURE study data

Author

Yusuf, S, Rangarajan, S, Teo, K K, Chow, C K, O'Donnell, M, Mente, A, Leong, D, Smyth, A, Joseph, P, Islam, S, Zhang, M, Hu, W, Ramasundarahettige, C, Wong, G, Dayal, L, Casanova, A, Dehghan, M, Lewis, G, Aliberti, A, Reyes, A, Zaki, A, Lewis, B, Zhang, B, Agapay, D, Hari, D, Milazzo, E, Ramezani, E, Hussain, F, Shifaly, F, Kay, I, Rimac, J, Swallow, J, Heldman, L, Mushtaha, M(a), Mushtaha, M(o), Trottier, M, Aoucheva, N, Kandy, N, Mackie, P, Solano, R, Chin, S, Ramacham, S, Shahrook, S, Trottier, S, Tongana, T, ElSheikh, W, Lindeman, J, McQueen, M, Hall, K, Keys, J, Wang, X, Keneth, J, Devanath, A, Diaz, R, Orlandini, A, Linetsky, B, Toscanelli, S, Casaccia, G, Maini Cuneo, JM, Rahman, O, Yusuf, R, Azad, AK, Rabbani, KA, Cherry, HM, Mannan, A, Hassan, I, Talukdar, AT, Tooheen, RB, Khan, MU, Sintaha, M, Choudhury, T, Haque, R, Parvin, S, Avezum, A, Oliveira, GB, Marcilio, CS, Mattos, AC, Teo, K, Dejesus, J, Elsheikh, W, Dagenais, G, Poirier, P, Turbide, G, Auger, D, De Bluts, A LeBlanc, Proulx, MC, Cayer, M, Bonneville, N, Lear, S, Gasevic, D, Corber, E, de Jong, V, Vukmirovich, I, Wielgosz, A, Fodor, G, Pipe, A, Shane, A, Lanas, F, Seron, P, Martinez, S, Valdebenito, A, Oliveros, M, Wei, Li, Lisheng, Liu, Chunming, Chen, Xingyu, Wang, Wenhua, Zhao, Hongye, Zhang, JiaXuan, Bo, Hu, Yi, Sun, Jian, Bo, Xiuwen, Zhao, Xiaohong, Chang, Tao, Chen, Hui, Chen, Qing, Deng, Xiaoru, Cheng, Xinye, He, Jian, Li, Juan, Li, Xu, Liu, Bing, Ren, Wei, Wang, Yang, Wang, Jun, Yang, Yi, Zhai, Manlu, Zhu, Fanghong, Lu, Jianfang, Wu, Yindong, Li, Yan, Hou, Liangqing, Zhang, Baoxia, Guo, Xiaoyang, Liao, Shiying, Zhang, BianRongwen, TianXiuzhen, Dong, Li, Di, Chen, Jianguo, Wu, Yize, Xiao, Tianlu, Liu, Peng, Zhang, Changlin, Dong, Ning, Li, Xiaolan, Ma, Yuqing, Yang, Rensheng, Lei, Minfan, Fu, Jing, He, Yu, Liu, Xiaojie, Xing, Qiang, Zhou, Lopez-Jaramillo, P, Lopez, PA Camacho, Garcia, R, Jurado, LJA, Gómez-Arbeláez, D, Arguello, JF, Dueñas, R, Silva, S, Pradilla, LP, Ramirez, F, Molina, DI, Cure-Cure, C, Perez, M, Hernandez, E, Arcos, E, Fernandez, S, Narvaez, C, Paez, J, Sotomayor, A, Garcia, H, Sanchez, G, David, T, Rico, A, Mony, P, Vaz, M, Bharathi, A V, Swaminathan, S, Shankar, K, Kurpad, AV, Jayachitra, KG, Kumar, N, Hospital, HAL, Mohan, V, Deepa, M, Parthiban, K, Anitha, M, Hemavathy, S, Rahulashankiruthiyayan, T, Anitha, D, Sridevi, K, Gupta, R, Panwar, RB, Mohan, I, Rastogi, P, Rastogi, S, Bhargava, R, Kumar, R, Thakur, J S, Patro, B, Lakshmi, PVM, Mahajan, R, Chaudary, P, Kutty, V Raman, Vijayakumar, K, Ajayan, K, Rajasree, G, Renjini, AR, Deepu, A, Sandhya, B, Asha, S, Soumya, HS, Kelishadi, R, Bahonar, A, Mohammadifard, N, Heidari, H, Yusoff, K, Ismail, TST, Ng, KK, Devi, A, Nasir, NM, Yasin, MM, Miskan, M, Rahman, EA, Arsad, MKM, Ariffin, F, Razak, SA, Majid, FA, Bakar, NA, Yacob, MY, Zainon, N, Salleh, R, Ramli, MKA, Halim, NA, Norlizan, SR, Ghazali, NM, Arshad, MN, Razali, R, Ali, S, Othman, HR, Hafar, CWJCW, Pit, A, Danuri, N, Basir, F, Zahari, SNA, Abdullah, H, Arippin, MA, Zakaria, NA, Noorhassim, I, Hasni, MJ, Azmi, MT, Zaleha, MI, Hazdi, KY, Rizam, AR, Sazman, W, Azman, A, Khatib, R, Khammash, U, Khatib, A, Giacaman, R, Iqbal, R, Afridi, A, Khawaja, R, Raza, A, Kazmi, K, Dans, A, Co, HU, Sanchez, JT, Pudol, L, Zamora-Pudol, C, Palileo-Villanueva, LAM, Aquino, MR, Abaquin, C, Pudol, SL, Cabral, ML, Zatonski, W, Szuba, A, Zatonska, K, Ilow#, R, Ferus, M, Regulska-Ilow, B, Różańska, D, Wolyniec, M, AlHabib, KF, Hersi, A, Kashour, T, Alfaleh, H, Alshamiri, M, Altaradi, HB, Alnobani, O, Bafart, A, Alkamel, N, Ali, M, Abdulrahman, M, Nouri, R, Kruger, A, Voster, H H, Schutte, A E, Wentzel-Viljoen, E, Eloff, FC, de Ridder, H, Moss, H, Potgieter, J, Roux, AA, Watson, M, de Wet, G, Olckers, A, Jerling, JC, Pieters, M, Hoekstra, T, Puoane, T, Igumbor, E, Tsolekile, L, Sanders, D, Naidoo, P, Steyn, N, Peer, N, Mayosi, B, Rayner, B, Lambert, V, Levitt, N, Kolbe-Alexander, T, Ntyintyane, L, Hughes, G, Swart, R, Fourie, J, Muzigaba, M, Xapa, S, Gobile, N, Ndayi, K, Jwili, B, Ndibaza, K, Egbujie, B, Rosengren, A, Boström, K Bengtsson, Lindblad, U, Langkilde, P, Gustavsson, A, Andreasson, M, Snällman, M, Wirdemann, L, Pettersson, K, Moberg, E, Yeates, K, Sleeth, J, Kilonzo, K, Oguz, A, Akalin, AAK, Calik, KBT, Imeryuz, N, Temizhan, A, Alphan, E, Gunes, E, Sur, H, Karsidag, K, Gulec, S, Altuntas, Y, Yusufali, AM, Almahmeed, W, Swidan, H, Darwish, EA, Hashemi, ARA, Al-Khaja, N, Muscat-Baron, JM, Ahmed, SH, Mamdouh, TM, Darwish, WM, Abdelmotagali, MHS, Awed, SA Omer, Movahedi, GA, Shaibani, H Al, Gharabou, RIM, Youssef, DF, Nawati, AZS, Salah, ZAR Abu, Abdalla, RFE, Shuwaihi, SM Al, Omairi, MA Al, Cadigal, OD, Alejandrino, R.S., Chifamba, J, Gwaunza, L, Terera, G, Mahachi, C, Murambiwa, P, Machiweni, T, Mapanga, R, Attaei, Marjan W, Khatib, Rasha, McKee, Martin, Lear, Scott, Dagenais, Gilles, Igumbor, Ehimario U, AlHabib, Khalid F, Kaur, Manmeet, Kruger, Lanthe, Teo, Koon, Lanas, Fernando, Yusoff, Khalid, Oguz, Aytekin, Gupta, Rajeev, Yusufali, Afzalhussein M, Bahonar, Ahmad, Kutty, Raman, Rosengren, Annika, Mohan, Viswanathan, Avezum, Alvaro, Yusuf, Rita, Szuba, Andrzej, Rangarajan, Sumathy, Chow, Clara, and Yusuf, Salim

Published
2017
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9. Vasomotor sympathetic outflow in the muscle metaboreflex in low birth weight young adults

Author

Chifamba J, Mbangani B, Chimhete C, Gwaunza L, Allen LA, and Chinyanga HM

Subjects
Internal medicine, RC31-1245
Abstract

Jephat Chifamba,1 Brilliant Mbangani,1 Casper Chimhete,1 Lenon Gwaunza,1 Larry A Allen,2 Herbert Mapfumo Chinyanga1 1Department of Physiology, College of Health Sciences, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe; 2Section of Advanced Heart Failure and Transplantation, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA Abstract: A growing body of evidence suggests that low birth weight (LBW) offspring are associated with long-term structural and functional changes in cardiovascular and neuroendocrine systems. We tested the hypothesis that muscle metaboreflex activation produces exaggerated responses in cardiac autonomic tone (represented by heart rate variability ratio) and cutaneous vascular sympathetic tone (represented by plethysmography pulse wave amplitude) in LBW compared to normal birth weight (NBW) young adults. We recruited 23 LBW (18 females and five males) and 23 NBW (14 females and nine males) University of Zimbabwe students with neonatal clinical cards as proof of birth weight at term. Resting electrocardiogram, pulse waves, and blood pressures were recorded. Participants then underwent a static/isometric handgrip exercise until fatigue and a post-exercise circulatory arrest period of 2 minutes. We observed (results mean ± standard deviation) a greater mean increase in heart rate variability ratio from baseline to exercise for LBW compared to NBW individuals (1.015±1.034 versus [vs] 0.119±0.789, respectively; P

Published
2015

10. A Survey of Anatomy and Physiology Pedagogy and Lifestyle Factors in Undergraduate Medical Students in Zimbabwe

Author

Cooper, R. G. and Chifamba, J.

Abstract

Studies on health pedagogy in medical students in African universities are lacking. The aim of the current investigation was to assess the following pedagogy influences on second year Zimbabwean medical students' well-being. A group of 100 students studying Physiology and Anatomy in MBChB. II program at the University of Zimbabwe College of Health Sciences were asked to voluntarily complete a structured questionnaire. As Physiology was examinable, students desired to practice MCQ questions. Dissection was regarded as excellent for medical knowledge. The stress of study probably necessitated the drinking of alcohol. Most of the respondents did not actively smoke. Although students knew about calories, they were unaware of the daily requirements. Their diets were mostly balanced. Music helped alleviate stress. Stress levels were high although no overwhelming effects on general health were observed. IT use was rated well although the slow internet was problematic. We encourage more studies on medical students in central and southern Africa.

Published
2011
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11. Assessing global risk factors for non-fatal injuries from road traffic accidents and falls in adults aged 35–70 years in 17 countries: a cross-sectional analysis of the Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiological (PURE) study

Author

Raina, Parminder, Sohel, Nazmul, Oremus, Mark, Shannon, Harry, Mony, Prem, Kumar, Rajesh, Li, Wei, Wang, Yang, Wang, Xingyu, Yusoff, Khalid, Yusuf, Rita, Iqbal, Romaina, Szuba, Andrzej, Oguz, Aytekin, Rosengren, Annika, Kruger, Annamarie, Chifamba, Jephat, Mohammadifard, Noushin, Darwish, Ebtihal Ahmad, Dagenais, Gilles, Diaz, Rafael, Avezum, Alvaro, Lopez-Jaramillo, Patricio, Seron, Pamela, Rangarajan, Sumathy, Teo, Koon, Yusuf, Salim, Yusuf, S, Rangarajan, S, Teo, KK, Chow, C K, OʼDonnell, M, Mente, A, Leong, D, Smyth, A, Joseph, P, Islam, S, Zhang, M, Hu, W, Wong, G, Manandhar, N, Dehghan, M, Royerr, M, DeJesus, J, Lewis, G, Mackie, P, Farago, L, Kay, I, Agapay, D, Solano, R, Ramacham, S, Kandy, N, Rimac, J, Trottier, S, ElSheikh, W, Mustaha, M, Tongana, T, Aoucheva, N, Swallow, J, Ramezani, E, Lindeman, J, McQueen, M, Hall, K, Keys, J, Wang, X, Keneth, J, Devanath, A, Diaz, R, Orlandini, A, Linetsky, B, Toscanelli, S, Casaccia, G, Cuneo, JM Maini, Rahman, O, Yusuf, R, Azad, AK, Rabbani, KA, Cherry, HM, Mannan, A, Hassan, I, Talukdar, AT, Tooheen, RB, Khan, MU, Sintaha, M, Choudhury, T, Haque, R, Parvin, S, Avezum, A, Oliveira, GB, Marcilio, CS, Mattos, AC, Teo, K, Yusuf, S, Dejesus, J, Agapay, D, Tongana, T, Solano, R, Kay, I, Trottier, S, Rimac, J, Elsheikh, W, Heldman, L, Ramezani, E, Dagenais, G, Poirier, P, Turbide, G, Auger, D, De Bluts, A LeBlanc, Proulx, MC, Cayer, M, Bonneville, N, Lear, S, Gasevic, D, Corber, E, de Jong, V, Vukmirovich, I, Wielgosz, A, Fodor, G, Pipe, A, Shane, A, Lanas, F, Seron, P, Martinez, S, Valdebenito, A, Oliveros, M, Wei, Li, Lisheng, Liu, Chunming, Chen, Xingyu, Wang, Wenhua, Zhao, Hongye, Zhang, Xuan, Jia, Bo, Hu, Yi, Sun, Jian, Bo, Xiuwen, Zhao, Xiaohong, Chang, Tao, Chen, Hui, Chen, Qing, Deng, Xiaoru, Cheng, Xinye, He, Jian, Li, Juan, Li, Xu, Liu, Bing, Ren, Wei, Wang, Yang, Wang, Jun, Yang, Yi, Zhai, Manlu, Zhu, Fanghong, Lu, Jianfang, Wu, Yindong, Li, Yan, Hou, Liangqing, Zhang, Baoxia, Guo, Xiaoyang, Liao, Shiying, Zhang, Rongwen, Bian, Xiuzhen, Tian, Dong, Li, Di, Chen, Jianguo, Wu, Yize, Xiao, Tianlu, Liu, Peng, Zhang, Changlin, Dong, Ning, Li, Xiaolan, Ma, Yuqing, Yang, Rensheng, Lei, Minfan, Fu, Jing, He, Yu, Liu, Xiaojie, Xing, Qiang, Zhou, Lopez-Jaramillo, P, Lopez, PACamacho, Garcia, R, Jurado, LJA, Gómez-Arbeláez, D, Arguello, JF, Dueñas, R, Silva, S, Pradilla, LP, Ramirez, F, Molina, DI, Cure-Cure, C, Perez, M, Hernandez, E, Arcos, E, Fernandez, S, Narvaez, C, Paez, J, Sotomayor, A, Garcia, H, Sanchez, G, David, T, Rico, A, Mony, P, Vaz, M, Bharathi, A V, Swaminathan, S, Kurpad, K Shankar AV, Jayachitra, KG, Kumar, N, Hospital, HAL, Mohan, V, Deepa, M, Parthiban, K, Anitha, M, Hemavathy, S, Rahulashankiruthiyayan, T, Anitha, D, Sridevi, K, Gupta, R, Panwar, RB, Mohan, I, Rastogi, P, Rastogi, S, Bhargava, R, Kumar, R, S Thakur, J, Patro, B, Lakshmi, PVM, Mahajan, R, Chaudary, P, Kutty, V Raman, Vijayakumar, K, Ajayan, K, Rajasree, G, Renjini, AR, Deepu, A, Sandhya, B, Asha, S, Soumya, HS, Kelishadi, R, Bahonar, A, Mohammadifard, N, Heidari, H, Yusoff, K, Ismail, TST, Ng, KK, Devi, A, Nasir, NM, Yasin, MM, Miskan, M, Rahman, EA, Arsad, MKM, Ariffin, F, Razak, SA, Majid, FA, Bakar, NA, Yacob, MY, Zainon, N, Salleh, R, Ramli, MKA, Halim, NA, Norlizan, SR, Ghazali, NM, Arshad, MN, Razali, R, Ali, S, Othman, HR, Hafar, CWJCW, Pit, A, Danuri, N, Basir, F, Zahari, SNA, Abdullah, H, Arippin, MA, Zakaria, NA, Noorhassim, I, Hasni, MJ, Azmi, MT, Zaleha, MI, Hazdi, KY, Rizam, AR, Sazman, W, Azman, A, Iqbal, R, Afridi, A, Khawaja, R, Raza, A, Kazmi, K, Zatonski, W, Szuba, A, Zatonska, K, Ilow, R, Ferus, M, Regulska-Ilow, B, Różańska, D, Wolyniec, M, Kruger, A, Voster, HH, Schutte, A E, Wentzel-Viljoen, E, Eloff, FC, de Ridder, H, Moss, H, Potgieter, J, Roux, AA, Watson, M, de Wet, G, Olckers, A, Jerling, JC, Pieters, M, Hoekstra, T, Puoane, T, Igumbor, E, Tsolekile, L, Sanders, D, Naidoo, P, Steyn, N, Peer, N, Mayosi, B, Rayner, B, Lambert, V, Levitt, N, Kolbe-Alexander, T, Ntyintyane, L, Hughes, G, Swart, R, Fourie, J, Muzigaba, M, Xapa, S, Gobile, N, Ndayi, K, Jwili, B, Ndibaza, K, Egbujie, B, Rosengren, A, Bengtsson Boström, K, Lindblad, U, Langkilde, P, Gustavsson, A, Andreasson, M, Snällman, M, Wirdemann, L, Pettersson, K, Moberg, E, Oguz, A, Akalin, AAK, Calik, KBT, Imeryuz, N, Temizhan, A, Alphan, E, Gunes, E, Sur, H, Karsidag, K, Gulec, S, Altuntas, Y, Yusufali, AM, Almahmeed, W, Swidan, H, Darwish, EA, Hashemi, ARA, Al-Khaja, N, Muscat-Baron, JM, Ahmed, SH, Mamdouh, TM, Darwish, WM, Abdelmotagali, MHS, Omer Awed, SA, Movahedi, GA, Hussain, F, Shaibani, H Al, Gharabou, RIM, Youssef, DF, Nawati, AZS, Salah, ZAR Abu, Abdalla, RFE, Shuwaihi, SM Al, Omairi, MA Al, Cadigal, OD, Alejandrino, R.S., Chifamba, J, Gwaunza, L, Terera, G, Mahachi, C, Mrambiwa, P, Machiweni, T, and Mapanga, R

Published
2016
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15. May Measurement Month 2017: an analysis of blood pressure screening results worldwide

Author

Beaney, T, Schutte, A, Tomaszewski, M, Ariti, C, Burrell, L, Castillo, R, Charchar, F, Damasceno, A, Kruger, R, Lackland, D, Nilsson, P, Prabhakaran, D, Ramirez, A, Schlaich, M, Wang, J, Weber, M, Poulter, N, Napiza-Granada, C, Sevilla, M, Atilano, A, Ona, D, More, A, Jose, A, Maheshwari, A, Kondal, D, Yu, W, Li, W, Xu, S, Yu, J, Zhang, H, Widyantoro, B, Turana, Y, Situmorang, T, Sofiatin, Y, Barack, R, Lin, H, Wang, T, Chen, W, Sirenko, Y, Evstigneeva, O, Negresku, E, Yousif, M, Medani, S, Beheiry, H, Ali, I, Zilberman, J, Marin, M, Rodriguez, P, Garcia-Vasquez, F, Kramoh, K, Ekoua, D, Lopez-Jaramillo, P, Otero, J, Sanchez, G, Narvaez, C, Accini, J, Hernandez-Hernandez, R, Octavio, J, Morr, I, Lopez-Rivera, J, Ojji, D, Arije, A, Babatunte, A, Wahab, K, REIS FERNANDES, M, Pereira, S, Valentim, M, Dzudie, A, Kingue, S, Djomou Ngongang, D, Ogola, E, Barasa, F, Gitura, B, Malik, F, Choudhury, S, Al Mamun, M, Minh, V, Viet, N, Cao Truong, S, Ferri, C, Parati, G, Torlasco, C, Borghi, C, Goma, F, Syatalimi, C, Zelveian, P, Barbosa, E, Sebba Barroso, W, Penaherrera, E, Jarrin, E, Yusufali, A, Bazargani, N, Tsinamdzgvrishvili, B, Trapaidze, D, Neupane, D, Mishra, S, Jozwiak, J, Malyszko, J, Konradi, A, Chazova, I, Ishaq, M, Memon, F, Heagerty, A, Keitley, J, Brady, A, Cockcroft, J, Mcdonnell, B, Lanas, F, Chia, Y, Ndhlovu, H, Kiss, I, Ruilope, L, Ellenga Mbolla, B, Milhailidou, A, Woodiwiss, A, Perl, S, Dolan, E, Azevedo, V, Garre, L, Boggia, J, Lee, V, Kowlessur, S, Miglinas, M, Sukackiene, D, Wainford, R, Habonimana, D, Masupe, T, Ortellado, J, Wuerzner, G, Alcocer, L, Burazeri, G, Sanchez Delgado, E, Lovic, D, Mondo, C, Mostafa, A, Nadar, S, Valdez Tiburcio, O, Leiba, A, Dorobantu, M, De Backer, T, Chifamba, J, Stergiou, G, Nwokocha, C, Sokolovic, S, Toure, A, Connell, K, Khan, N, Burger, D, De Carvalho Rodrigues, M, Kramer, B, Schmieder, R, Unger, T, Wyss, F, Yameogo, N, Beistline, H, Kenerson, J, Alfonso, B, Olsen, M, Soares, M, Beaney, Thomas, Schutte, Aletta E, Tomaszewski, Maciej, Ariti, Cono, Burrell, Louise M, Castillo, Rafael R, Charchar, Fadi J, Damasceno, Albertino, Kruger, Ruan, Lackland, Daniel T, Nilsson, Peter M, Prabhakaran, Dorairaj, Ramirez, Agustin J, Schlaich, Markus P, Wang, Jiguang, Weber, Michael A, Poulter, Neil R, Napiza-Granada, C., Sevilla, Ma. RC, Atilano, A. A., Ona, D. I. D., More, A., Jose, A. P., Maheshwari, A., Kondal, D., Yu, W., Li, W., Xu, S., Yu, J., Zhang, H., Widyantoro, B., Turana, Y., Situmorang, T. D., Sofiatin, Y., Barack, R., Lin, H. -J., Wang, T. -D., Chen, W. -J., Sirenko, Y., Evstigneeva, O., Negresku, E., Yousif, M. E., Medani, S. A., Beheiry, H. M., Ali, I. A., Zilberman, J. M., Marin, M. J., Rodriguez, P. D., Garcia-Vasquez, F., Kramoh, K. E., Ekoua, D., Lopez-Jaramillo, P., Otero, J., Sanchez, G., Narvaez, C., Accini, J. L., Hernandez-Hernandez, R., Octavio, J. A., Morr, I., Lopez-Rivera, J., Ojji, D., Arije, A., Babatunte, A., Wahab, K. W., REIS FERNANDES, MARCOS ANTONIO, Pereira, S. V., Valentim, M., Dzudie, A., Kingue, S., Djomou Ngongang, D. A., Ogola, E. N., Barasa, F. A., Gitura, B., Malik, F-T-N, Choudhury, S. R., Al Mamun, M. A., Minh, V. H., Viet, N. L., Cao Truong, S., Ferri, C., Parati, G., Torlasco, C., Borghi, C., Goma, F. M., Syatalimi, C., Zelveian, P. H., Barbosa, E., Sebba Barroso, W., Penaherrera, E., Jarrin, E., Yusufali, A., Bazargani, N., Tsinamdzgvrishvili, B., Trapaidze, D., Neupane, D., Mishra, S. R., Jozwiak, J., Malyszko, J., Konradi, A., Chazova, I., Ishaq, M., Memon, F., Heagerty, A. M., Keitley, J., Brady, A. J. B., Cockcroft, J. R., McDonnell, B. J., Lanas, F., Chia, Y. -C., Ndhlovu, H., Kiss, I., Ruilope, L. M., Ellenga Mbolla, B. F., Milhailidou, A. S., Woodiwiss, A. J., Perl, S., Dolan, E., Azevedo, V., Garre, L., Boggia, J. G., Lee, V. W. Y., Kowlessur, S., Miglinas, M., Sukackiene, D., Wainford, R. D., Habonimana, D., Masupe, T., Ortellado, J., Wuerzner, G., Alcocer, L., Burazeri, G., Sanchez Delgado, E., Lovic, D., Mondo, C. K., Mostafa, A., Nadar, S. K., Valdez Tiburcio, O., Leiba, A., Dorobantu, M., De Backer, T., Chifamba, J., Stergiou, G., Nwokocha, C. R., Sokolovic, S., Toure, A. I., Connell, K. L., Khan, N. A., Burger, D., De Carvalho Rodrigues, M., Kramer, B. K., Schmieder, R. E., Unger, T., Wyss, F. S., Yameogo, N. V., Beistline, H., Kenerson, J. G., Alfonso, B., Olsen, M. H., Soares, M., Beaney, T, Schutte, A, Tomaszewski, M, Ariti, C, Burrell, L, Castillo, R, Charchar, F, Damasceno, A, Kruger, R, Lackland, D, Nilsson, P, Prabhakaran, D, Ramirez, A, Schlaich, M, Wang, J, Weber, M, Poulter, N, Napiza-Granada, C, Sevilla, M, Atilano, A, Ona, D, More, A, Jose, A, Maheshwari, A, Kondal, D, Yu, W, Li, W, Xu, S, Yu, J, Zhang, H, Widyantoro, B, Turana, Y, Situmorang, T, Sofiatin, Y, Barack, R, Lin, H, Wang, T, Chen, W, Sirenko, Y, Evstigneeva, O, Negresku, E, Yousif, M, Medani, S, Beheiry, H, Ali, I, Zilberman, J, Marin, M, Rodriguez, P, Garcia-Vasquez, F, Kramoh, K, Ekoua, D, Lopez-Jaramillo, P, Otero, J, Sanchez, G, Narvaez, C, Accini, J, Hernandez-Hernandez, R, Octavio, J, Morr, I, Lopez-Rivera, J, Ojji, D, Arije, A, Babatunte, A, Wahab, K, REIS FERNANDES, M, Pereira, S, Valentim, M, Dzudie, A, Kingue, S, Djomou Ngongang, D, Ogola, E, Barasa, F, Gitura, B, Malik, F, Choudhury, S, Al Mamun, M, Minh, V, Viet, N, Cao Truong, S, Ferri, C, Parati, G, Torlasco, C, Borghi, C, Goma, F, Syatalimi, C, Zelveian, P, Barbosa, E, Sebba Barroso, W, Penaherrera, E, Jarrin, E, Yusufali, A, Bazargani, N, Tsinamdzgvrishvili, B, Trapaidze, D, Neupane, D, Mishra, S, Jozwiak, J, Malyszko, J, Konradi, A, Chazova, I, Ishaq, M, Memon, F, Heagerty, A, Keitley, J, Brady, A, Cockcroft, J, Mcdonnell, B, Lanas, F, Chia, Y, Ndhlovu, H, Kiss, I, Ruilope, L, Ellenga Mbolla, B, Milhailidou, A, Woodiwiss, A, Perl, S, Dolan, E, Azevedo, V, Garre, L, Boggia, J, Lee, V, Kowlessur, S, Miglinas, M, Sukackiene, D, Wainford, R, Habonimana, D, Masupe, T, Ortellado, J, Wuerzner, G, Alcocer, L, Burazeri, G, Sanchez Delgado, E, Lovic, D, Mondo, C, Mostafa, A, Nadar, S, Valdez Tiburcio, O, Leiba, A, Dorobantu, M, De Backer, T, Chifamba, J, Stergiou, G, Nwokocha, C, Sokolovic, S, Toure, A, Connell, K, Khan, N, Burger, D, De Carvalho Rodrigues, M, Kramer, B, Schmieder, R, Unger, T, Wyss, F, Yameogo, N, Beistline, H, Kenerson, J, Alfonso, B, Olsen, M, Soares, M, Beaney, Thomas, Schutte, Aletta E, Tomaszewski, Maciej, Ariti, Cono, Burrell, Louise M, Castillo, Rafael R, Charchar, Fadi J, Damasceno, Albertino, Kruger, Ruan, Lackland, Daniel T, Nilsson, Peter M, Prabhakaran, Dorairaj, Ramirez, Agustin J, Schlaich, Markus P, Wang, Jiguang, Weber, Michael A, Poulter, Neil R, Napiza-Granada, C., Sevilla, Ma. RC, Atilano, A. A., Ona, D. I. D., More, A., Jose, A. P., Maheshwari, A., Kondal, D., Yu, W., Li, W., Xu, S., Yu, J., Zhang, H., Widyantoro, B., Turana, Y., Situmorang, T. D., Sofiatin, Y., Barack, R., Lin, H. -J., Wang, T. -D., Chen, W. -J., Sirenko, Y., Evstigneeva, O., Negresku, E., Yousif, M. E., Medani, S. A., Beheiry, H. M., Ali, I. A., Zilberman, J. M., Marin, M. J., Rodriguez, P. D., Garcia-Vasquez, F., Kramoh, K. E., Ekoua, D., Lopez-Jaramillo, P., Otero, J., Sanchez, G., Narvaez, C., Accini, J. L., Hernandez-Hernandez, R., Octavio, J. A., Morr, I., Lopez-Rivera, J., Ojji, D., Arije, A., Babatunte, A., Wahab, K. W., REIS FERNANDES, MARCOS ANTONIO, Pereira, S. V., Valentim, M., Dzudie, A., Kingue, S., Djomou Ngongang, D. A., Ogola, E. N., Barasa, F. A., Gitura, B., Malik, F-T-N, Choudhury, S. R., Al Mamun, M. A., Minh, V. H., Viet, N. L., Cao Truong, S., Ferri, C., Parati, G., Torlasco, C., Borghi, C., Goma, F. M., Syatalimi, C., Zelveian, P. H., Barbosa, E., Sebba Barroso, W., Penaherrera, E., Jarrin, E., Yusufali, A., Bazargani, N., Tsinamdzgvrishvili, B., Trapaidze, D., Neupane, D., Mishra, S. R., Jozwiak, J., Malyszko, J., Konradi, A., Chazova, I., Ishaq, M., Memon, F., Heagerty, A. M., Keitley, J., Brady, A. J. B., Cockcroft, J. R., McDonnell, B. J., Lanas, F., Chia, Y. -C., Ndhlovu, H., Kiss, I., Ruilope, L. M., Ellenga Mbolla, B. F., Milhailidou, A. S., Woodiwiss, A. J., Perl, S., Dolan, E., Azevedo, V., Garre, L., Boggia, J. G., Lee, V. W. Y., Kowlessur, S., Miglinas, M., Sukackiene, D., Wainford, R. D., Habonimana, D., Masupe, T., Ortellado, J., Wuerzner, G., Alcocer, L., Burazeri, G., Sanchez Delgado, E., Lovic, D., Mondo, C. K., Mostafa, A., Nadar, S. K., Valdez Tiburcio, O., Leiba, A., Dorobantu, M., De Backer, T., Chifamba, J., Stergiou, G., Nwokocha, C. R., Sokolovic, S., Toure, A. I., Connell, K. L., Khan, N. A., Burger, D., De Carvalho Rodrigues, M., Kramer, B. K., Schmieder, R. E., Unger, T., Wyss, F. 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Abstract

Background: Increased blood pressure is the biggest contributor to the global burden of disease and mortality. Data suggest that less than half of the population with hypertension is aware of it. May Measurement Month was initiated to raise awareness of the importance of blood pressure and as a pragmatic interim solution to the shortfall in screening programmes. Methods: This cross-sectional survey included volunteer adults (≥18 years) who ideally had not had their blood pressures measured in the past year. Each participant had their blood pressure measured three times and received a a questionnaire about demographic, lifestyle, and environmental factors. The primary objective was to raise awareness of blood pressure, measured by number of countries involved, number of people screened, and number of people who have untreated or inadequately treated hypertension (defined as systolic blood pressure ≥140 mm Hg or diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mm Hg, or both, or on the basis of receiving antihypertensive medication). Multiple imputation was used to estimate the mean of the second and third blood pressure readings if these were not recorded. Measures of association were analysed using linear mixed models. Findings: Data were collected from 1 201 570 individuals in 80 countries. After imputation, of the 1 128 635 individuals for whom a mean of the second and third readings was available, 393 924 (34·9%) individuals had hypertension. 153 905 (17·3%) of 888 616 individuals who were not receiving antihypertensive treatment were hypertensive, and 105 456 (46·3%) of the 227 721 individuals receiving treatment did not have controlled blood pressure. Significant differences in adjusted blood pressures and hypertension prevalence were apparent between regions. Adjusted blood pressure was higher in association with antihypertensive medication, diabetes, cerebrovascular disease, smoking, and alcohol consumption. Blood pressure was higher when measured on the right arm than on the le

Published
2018

16. May measurement month 2019: The global blood pressure screening campaign of the international society of hypertension

Author

Thomas, B, Aletta E, S, George S, S, Claudio, B, Dylan, B, Fadi, C, Suzie, C, Alejandro, D, Albertino, D, Walter, E, Arun Pulikkottil, J, Nadia, K, Yoshihiro, K, Anuj, M, Marcos J, M, Arun, M, Dinesh, N, Peter, N, Mansi, P, Dorairaj, P, Agustin, R, Pablo, R, Markus, S, Ulrike M, S, Maciej, T, Thomas, U, Richard, W, Jiguang, W, Bryan, W, Neil R, P, H Olsen, M, T West-Gustave, K, D Levy, P, Lee, V, L Connell, K, Hammoudi, N, Bovet, P, Viswanathan, B, Perl, S, K Kramer, B, Brady, A, O Oladapo, O, Chifamba, J, Y Goshu, D, M Kassie, D, A Gebru, S, A Ibrahim, T, Kabirou, S, Tavassoli, E, Zolfaghari, M, Yavari, V, Mishchenko, L, Matova, O, Kolenyk, T, Zelenenka, L, Fedorov, S, Dorobantu, M, Paval, A, Bittman, J, Mangat, B, Melville, S, Leung, A, Jessen, N, Dolan, E, Itoh, H, Pathak, A, De Backer, T, S Postadzhiyan, A, V Valoy-Tiburcio, O, R Gonzalez-Medina, A, G Valdez-Valoy, L, S Wyss, F, Mirrakhimov, E, K Nadar, S, I Barrientos, A, R Nwokocha, C, I Nwokocha, M, Picone, D, Yang, J, C Chia, Y, M Ching, S, F Ellenga Mbolla, B, M Kouala Landa, C, Y Houehanou, C, W Wahab, K, B Omotoso, A, Ortellado, J, Gonzales, G, M Ruilope, L, Rodilla, E, Molinero, A, J Woodiwiss, A, Orchard, A, Kruger, R, Brguljan, J, Bozic, N, O Konradi, A, P Rotar, O, Chazova, I, K Masupe, T, T Tlhakanelo, J, Motlhatlhedi, K, Stergiou, G, Doumas, M, Zebekakis, P, P Cappuccio, F, Barciela, C, Tay, T, Dashdorj, N, Tuvdendarjaa, K, Boldbaatar, K, T Lanas, F, Paccot, M, Ishaq, M, Sidique, S, Memon, F, N Najem, R, K Abu Alfa, A, Mallat, S, J Jozwiak, J, Banach, M, Janowski, P, Twumasi-Ankrah, B, A Myers-Hansen, G, K Tannor, E, F Neto, M, Kowlessur, S, Ori, B, Heecharan, J, A Fageh, H, A Derbi, H, M Msalam, O, M Goma, F, Syatalimi, C, Jr Tembo, P, Mukupa, M, L Ndhlovu, H, L Chirwa, M, M Mbeba, M, H Zelveian, P, N Hakobyan, Z, Gourgenyan, S, Cho, M, Lee, H, Shin, J, Parati, G, Grassi, G, Ferri, C, Tsinamdzgvrishvili, B, Gamkrelidze, A, Trapaidze, D, Barbosa, E, S Barroso, W, M Feitosa, A, M Azevedo, V, A Dias, L, N Garcia, G, Delgado, I, Burazeri, G, Qirjako, G, Ylli, A, Cumashi, R, P Costantini-Olmos, A, Morr, I, Chuki, E, Wang, T, Chen, W, Lin, H, Malik, F, R Choudhury, S, Abdullah Al Mamun, M, Ishraquzzaman, M, S Aljuraiban, G, Y Al Slail, F, K Aldhwailea, S, A Badawi, A, L Viet, N, A Tien, H, Dong, N, T Sinh, C, V Minh, H, K Son, T, K Katamba, F, B Buila, N, Dzudie, A, Kingue, S, Epie, N, Njomou, A, S Ndom, M, M Yusufali, A, M Bazargani, N, Bin Belaila, B, Agrawal, A, M Suhail, A, N Ogola, E, M Gitura, B, Mbau, L, K Nguchu, H, A Barasa, F, Gomez, E, A Alcocer, L, Rosas, M, Palomo, S, J Estrada, A, Lopez-Jaramillo, P, Sanchez-Vallejo, G, E Casanova, M, Arcos, E, Aroca, G, Koirala, B, Bhattarai, H, Pandey, G, Devkota, S, Koirala, S, Ranabhat, K, Khanal, P, B Adhikari, T, D Bonzon, D, D Ona, D, M Asis, L, A Balmores Jr, B, C Castillo, R, J Stisman, D, G Espeche, W, J Marin, M, L Ennis, I, Chen, X, Wang, H, Liu, M, Yin, X, Wang, X, Bhalla, S, Gupta, P, Verma, N, K Gupta, B, Sheikh, S, Wuerzner, G, Garré, L, Boggia, J, M Houenassi, D, A OctavioSeijas, J, M'buyamba-Kabangu, J, M Tshiswaka, T, Páll, D, Járai, Z, Hernández, R, Garcia Vásquez, F, A Lopez-Rivera, J, L Gúzman-Franolic, M, Victoria Pereira, S, J Fernandes, M, S Garcia, M, Gijon, T, Meira Da Cunha, V, Beaney, Thomas, Schutte, Aletta E, Stergiou, George S, Borghi, Claudio, Burger, Dylan, Charchar, Fadi, Cro, Suzie, Diaz, Alejandro, Damasceno, Albertino, Espeche, Walter, Jose, Arun Pulikkottil, Khan, Nadia, Kokubo, Yoshihiro, Maheshwari, Anuj, Marin, Marcos J, More, Arun, Neupane, Dinesh, Nilsson, Peter, Patil, Mansi, Prabhakaran, Dorairaj, Ramirez, Agustin, Rodriguez, Pablo, Schlaich, Markus, Steckelings, Ulrike M, Tomaszewski, Maciej, Unger, Thomas, Wainford, Richard, Wang, Jiguang, Williams, Bryan, Poulter, Neil R, Michael H Olsen, Kristin T West-Gustave, Phillip D Levy, Vivian W. Y. Lee, Kenneth L Connell, Naima N. H. Hammoudi, Pascal Bovet, Bharathi Viswanathan, Sabine Perl, Bernard K Kramer, Adrian J. B. Brady, Olulola O Oladapo, Jephat Chifamba, Dejuma Y Goshu, Desalew M Kassie, Sintayehu A Gebru, Toure A Ibrahim, Soumana Kabirou, Elham Tavassoli, Mahsa Zolfaghari, Vahideh Yavari, Larysa Mishchenko, Olena Matova, Tetiana Kolenyk, Liliiya Zelenenka, Sergiy Fedorov, Maria Dorobantu, Alexandra Paval, Jesse Bittman, Biri Mangat, Sarah Melville, Alexander Leung, Neusa Jessen, Eamon Dolan, Hiroshi N. A. Itoh, Atul Pathak, Tine L. M. De Backer, Arman S Postadzhiyan, Osiris V Valoy-Tiburcio, Angel R Gonzalez-Medina, Laura G Valdez-Valoy, Fernando S Wyss, Erkin Mirrakhimov, Sunil K Nadar, Ana I Barrientos, Chukwuemeka R Nwokocha, Magdalene I Nwokocha, Dean Picone, Jun Yang, Yook C Chia, Siew M Ching, Bertrand F Ellenga Mbolla, Christian M Kouala Landa, Corine Y Houehanou, Kolawole W Wahab, Ayodele B Omotoso, Jose Ortellado, Graciela Gonzales, Luis M Ruilope, Enrique Rodilla, Ana Molinero, Angela J Woodiwiss, Ane Orchard, Ruan Kruger, Jana Brguljan, Nina Bozic, Aleksandra O Konradi, Oxana P Rotar, Irian Chazova, Tiny K Masupe, John T Tlhakanelo, Keneilwe Motlhatlhedi, George Stergiou, Michalis Doumas, Pantelis Zebekakis, Francesco P Cappuccio, Carolina Barciela, Tricia Tay, Naranjargal Dashdorj, Khulan Tuvdendarjaa, Khatantuul Boldbaatar, Fernando T Lanas, Melanie Paccot, Mohammed Ishaq, Saulat Sidique, Feroz Memon, Robert N Najem, Ali K Abu Alfa, Samir M. J. Mallat, Jacek J Jozwiak, Maciej Banach, Piotr Janowski, Betty Twumasi-Ankrah, Gustavus A Myers-Hansen, Elliot K Tannor, Marisa F Neto, Sudhirsen Kowlessur, Bhooshun Ori, Jaysing Heecharan, Hatem A Fageh, Hawa A Derbi, Omara M Msalam, Fastone M Goma, Charity Syatalimi, Penias Jr Tembo, Musawa Mukupa, Henry L Ndhlovu, Maureen L Chirwa, Mary M Mbeba, Parounak H Zelveian, Zoya N Hakobyan, Svetlana Gourgenyan, Myeong-Chan Cho, Hae-Young Lee, Jinho Shin, Gianfranco Parati, Guido Grassi, Claudio Ferri, Bezhan Tsinamdzgvrishvili, Amiran Gamkrelidze, Dali Trapaidze, Eduardo C. D. Barbosa, Weimar S Barroso, Audes M Feitosa, Vanda M Azevedo, Luis A Dias, Glenda N Garcia, Isaulina Delgado, Genc Burazeri, Gentiana Qirjako, Alban Ylli, Rudina Cumashi, Antonieta P Costantini-Olmos, Igor Morr, Elias Chuki, Tzung-Dau Wang, Wen-Jone Chen, Hung-Ju Lin, Fazila-Tun-Nesa Malik, Sohel R Choudhury, Mohammad Abdullah Al Mamun, Mir Ishraquzzaman, Ghadeer S Aljuraiban, Fatima Y Al Slail, Shatha K Aldhwailea, Ann A Badawi, Nguyen L Viet, Hoang A Tien, Nguyen T. A. Dong, Cao T Sinh, Huynh V Minh, Tran K Son, Fortunat K Katamba, Nathan B Buila, Anastase Dzudie, Samuel Kingue, Njume Epie, Armel Njomou, Marie S Ndom, Afzalhussein M Yusufali, Nooshin M Bazargani, Buthaina A. Bin Belaila, Amrish Agrawal, Aisha M Suhail, Elijah N Ogola, Bernard M Gitura, Lilian Mbau, Hellen K Nguchu, Felix A Barasa, Enrique Gomez, Luis A Alcocer, Martin Rosas, Silvia Palomo, Alfredo J Estrada, Patricio Lopez-Jaramillo, Gregorio Sanchez-Vallejo, Maria E Casanova, Edgar Arcos, Gustavo Aroca, Bhagawan Koirala, Harikrishna Bhattarai, Ghanashyam Pandey, Surya Devkota, Sweta Koirala, Kamal Ranabhat, Pratik Khanal, Tara B Adhikari, Dolores D Bonzon, Deborah Ignacia D Ona, Leilani M Asis, Benjamin A Balmores Jr, Rafael C Castillo, Diego J Stisman, Walter G Espeche, Marcos J Marin, Irene L Ennis, Xin Chen, Hongyu Wang, Min Liu, Xinhua Yin, Xiaolong Wang, Sandeep Bhalla, Priyanka Gupta, Narsingh Verma, Bal K Gupta, Shehla Sheikh, Gregoire Wuerzner, Laura Garré, José Boggia, Dédonougbo M Houenassi, José A OctavioSeijas, Jean-René M'buyamba-Kabangu, Trésor M Tshiswaka, Dénes Páll, Zoltán Járai, Rafael Hernández, Fortunato Garcia Vásquez, Jesús A Lopez-Rivera, Monica L Gúzman-Franolic, Savarino Victoria Pereira, Mário J Fernandes, Maria S Garcia, Teresa Gijon, Vitoria V. B. Meira Da Cunha, Thomas, B, Aletta E, S, George S, S, Claudio, B, Dylan, B, Fadi, C, Suzie, C, Alejandro, D, Albertino, D, Walter, E, Arun Pulikkottil, J, Nadia, K, Yoshihiro, K, Anuj, M, Marcos J, M, Arun, M, Dinesh, N, Peter, N, Mansi, P, Dorairaj, P, Agustin, R, Pablo, R, Markus, S, Ulrike M, S, Maciej, T, Thomas, U, Richard, W, Jiguang, W, Bryan, W, Neil R, P, H Olsen, M, T West-Gustave, K, D Levy, P, Lee, V, L Connell, K, Hammoudi, N, Bovet, P, Viswanathan, B, Perl, S, K Kramer, B, Brady, A, O Oladapo, O, Chifamba, J, Y Goshu, D, M Kassie, D, A Gebru, S, A Ibrahim, T, Kabirou, S, Tavassoli, E, Zolfaghari, M, Yavari, V, Mishchenko, L, Matova, O, Kolenyk, T, Zelenenka, L, Fedorov, S, Dorobantu, M, Paval, A, Bittman, J, Mangat, B, Melville, S, Leung, A, Jessen, N, Dolan, E, Itoh, H, Pathak, A, De Backer, T, S Postadzhiyan, A, V Valoy-Tiburcio, O, R Gonzalez-Medina, A, G Valdez-Valoy, L, S Wyss, F, Mirrakhimov, E, K Nadar, S, I Barrientos, A, R Nwokocha, C, I Nwokocha, M, Picone, D, Yang, J, C Chia, Y, M Ching, S, F Ellenga Mbolla, B, M Kouala Landa, C, Y Houehanou, C, W Wahab, K, B Omotoso, A, Ortellado, J, Gonzales, G, M Ruilope, L, Rodilla, E, Molinero, A, J Woodiwiss, A, Orchard, A, Kruger, R, Brguljan, J, Bozic, N, O Konradi, A, P Rotar, O, Chazova, I, K Masupe, T, T Tlhakanelo, J, Motlhatlhedi, K, Stergiou, G, Doumas, M, Zebekakis, P, P Cappuccio, F, Barciela, C, Tay, T, Dashdorj, N, Tuvdendarjaa, K, Boldbaatar, K, T Lanas, F, Paccot, M, Ishaq, M, Sidique, S, Memon, F, N Najem, R, K Abu Alfa, A, Mallat, S, J Jozwiak, J, Banach, M, Janowski, P, Twumasi-Ankrah, B, A Myers-Hansen, G, K Tannor, E, F Neto, M, Kowlessur, S, Ori, B, Heecharan, J, A Fageh, H, A Derbi, H, M Msalam, O, M Goma, F, Syatalimi, C, Jr Tembo, P, Mukupa, M, L Ndhlovu, H, L Chirwa, M, M Mbeba, M, H Zelveian, P, N Hakobyan, Z, Gourgenyan, S, Cho, M, Lee, H, Shin, J, Parati, G, Grassi, G, Ferri, C, Tsinamdzgvrishvili, B, Gamkrelidze, A, Trapaidze, D, Barbosa, E, S Barroso, W, M Feitosa, A, M Azevedo, V, A Dias, L, N Garcia, G, Delgado, I, Burazeri, G, Qirjako, G, Ylli, A, Cumashi, R, P Costantini-Olmos, A, Morr, I, Chuki, E, Wang, T, Chen, W, Lin, H, Malik, F, R Choudhury, S, Abdullah Al Mamun, M, Ishraquzzaman, M, S Aljuraiban, G, Y Al Slail, F, K Aldhwailea, S, A Badawi, A, L Viet, N, A Tien, H, Dong, N, T Sinh, C, V Minh, H, K Son, T, K Katamba, F, B Buila, N, Dzudie, A, Kingue, S, Epie, N, Njomou, A, S Ndom, M, M Yusufali, A, M Bazargani, N, Bin Belaila, B, Agrawal, A, M Suhail, A, N Ogola, E, M Gitura, B, Mbau, L, K Nguchu, H, A Barasa, F, Gomez, E, A Alcocer, L, Rosas, M, Palomo, S, J Estrada, A, Lopez-Jaramillo, P, Sanchez-Vallejo, G, E Casanova, M, Arcos, E, Aroca, G, Koirala, B, Bhattarai, H, Pandey, G, Devkota, S, Koirala, S, Ranabhat, K, Khanal, P, B Adhikari, T, D Bonzon, D, D Ona, D, M Asis, L, A Balmores Jr, B, C Castillo, R, J Stisman, D, G Espeche, W, J Marin, M, L Ennis, I, Chen, X, Wang, H, Liu, M, Yin, X, Wang, X, Bhalla, S, Gupta, P, Verma, N, K Gupta, B, Sheikh, S, Wuerzner, G, Garré, L, Boggia, J, M Houenassi, D, A OctavioSeijas, J, M'buyamba-Kabangu, J, M Tshiswaka, T, Páll, D, Járai, Z, Hernández, R, Garcia Vásquez, F, A Lopez-Rivera, J, L Gúzman-Franolic, M, Victoria Pereira, S, J Fernandes, M, S Garcia, M, Gijon, T, Meira Da Cunha, V, Beaney, Thomas, Schutte, Aletta E, Stergiou, George S, Borghi, Claudio, Burger, Dylan, Charchar, Fadi, Cro, Suzie, Diaz, Alejandro, Damasceno, Albertino, Espeche, Walter, Jose, Arun Pulikkottil, Khan, Nadia, Kokubo, Yoshihiro, Maheshwari, Anuj, Marin, Marcos J, More, Arun, Neupane, Dinesh, Nilsson, Peter, Patil, Mansi, Prabhakaran, Dorairaj, Ramirez, Agustin, Rodriguez, Pablo, Schlaich, Markus, Steckelings, Ulrike M, Tomaszewski, Maciej, Unger, Thomas, Wainford, Richard, Wang, Jiguang, Williams, Bryan, Poulter, Neil R, Michael H Olsen, Kristin T West-Gustave, Phillip D Levy, Vivian W. Y. Lee, Kenneth L Connell, Naima N. H. Hammoudi, Pascal Bovet, Bharathi Viswanathan, Sabine Perl, Bernard K Kramer, Adrian J. B. Brady, Olulola O Oladapo, Jephat Chifamba, Dejuma Y Goshu, Desalew M Kassie, Sintayehu A Gebru, Toure A Ibrahim, Soumana Kabirou, Elham Tavassoli, Mahsa Zolfaghari, Vahideh Yavari, Larysa Mishchenko, Olena Matova, Tetiana Kolenyk, Liliiya Zelenenka, Sergiy Fedorov, Maria Dorobantu, Alexandra Paval, Jesse Bittman, Biri Mangat, Sarah Melville, Alexander Leung, Neusa Jessen, Eamon Dolan, Hiroshi N. A. Itoh, Atul Pathak, Tine L. M. De Backer, Arman S Postadzhiyan, Osiris V Valoy-Tiburcio, Angel R Gonzalez-Medina, Laura G Valdez-Valoy, Fernando S Wyss, Erkin Mirrakhimov, Sunil K Nadar, Ana I Barrientos, Chukwuemeka R Nwokocha, Magdalene I Nwokocha, Dean Picone, Jun Yang, Yook C Chia, Siew M Ching, Bertrand F Ellenga Mbolla, Christian M Kouala Landa, Corine Y Houehanou, Kolawole W Wahab, Ayodele B Omotoso, Jose Ortellado, Graciela Gonzales, Luis M Ruilope, Enrique Rodilla, Ana Molinero, Angela J Woodiwiss, Ane Orchard, Ruan Kruger, Jana Brguljan, Nina Bozic, Aleksandra O Konradi, Oxana P Rotar, Irian Chazova, Tiny K Masupe, John T Tlhakanelo, Keneilwe Motlhatlhedi, George Stergiou, Michalis Doumas, Pantelis Zebekakis, Francesco P Cappuccio, Carolina Barciela, Tricia Tay, Naranjargal Dashdorj, Khulan Tuvdendarjaa, Khatantuul Boldbaatar, Fernando T Lanas, Melanie Paccot, Mohammed Ishaq, Saulat Sidique, Feroz Memon, Robert N Najem, Ali K Abu Alfa, Samir M. J. Mallat, Jacek J Jozwiak, Maciej Banach, Piotr Janowski, Betty Twumasi-Ankrah, Gustavus A Myers-Hansen, Elliot K Tannor, Marisa F Neto, Sudhirsen Kowlessur, Bhooshun Ori, Jaysing Heecharan, Hatem A Fageh, Hawa A Derbi, Omara M Msalam, Fastone M Goma, Charity Syatalimi, Penias Jr Tembo, Musawa Mukupa, Henry L Ndhlovu, Maureen L Chirwa, Mary M Mbeba, Parounak H Zelveian, Zoya N Hakobyan, Svetlana Gourgenyan, Myeong-Chan Cho, Hae-Young Lee, Jinho Shin, Gianfranco Parati, Guido Grassi, Claudio Ferri, Bezhan Tsinamdzgvrishvili, Amiran Gamkrelidze, Dali Trapaidze, Eduardo C. D. Barbosa, Weimar S Barroso, Audes M Feitosa, Vanda M Azevedo, Luis A Dias, Glenda N Garcia, Isaulina Delgado, Genc Burazeri, Gentiana Qirjako, Alban Ylli, Rudina Cumashi, Antonieta P Costantini-Olmos, Igor Morr, Elias Chuki, Tzung-Dau Wang, Wen-Jone Chen, Hung-Ju Lin, Fazila-Tun-Nesa Malik, Sohel R Choudhury, Mohammad Abdullah Al Mamun, Mir Ishraquzzaman, Ghadeer S Aljuraiban, Fatima Y Al Slail, Shatha K Aldhwailea, Ann A Badawi, Nguyen L Viet, Hoang A Tien, Nguyen T. A. Dong, Cao T Sinh, Huynh V Minh, Tran K Son, Fortunat K Katamba, Nathan B Buila, Anastase Dzudie, Samuel Kingue, Njume Epie, Armel Njomou, Marie S Ndom, Afzalhussein M Yusufali, Nooshin M Bazargani, Buthaina A. Bin Belaila, Amrish Agrawal, Aisha M Suhail, Elijah N Ogola, Bernard M Gitura, Lilian Mbau, Hellen K Nguchu, Felix A Barasa, Enrique Gomez, Luis A Alcocer, Martin Rosas, Silvia Palomo, Alfredo J Estrada, Patricio Lopez-Jaramillo, Gregorio Sanchez-Vallejo, Maria E Casanova, Edgar Arcos, Gustavo Aroca, Bhagawan Koirala, Harikrishna Bhattarai, Ghanashyam Pandey, Surya Devkota, Sweta Koirala, Kamal Ranabhat, Pratik Khanal, Tara B Adhikari, Dolores D Bonzon, Deborah Ignacia D Ona, Leilani M Asis, Benjamin A Balmores Jr, Rafael C Castillo, Diego J Stisman, Walter G Espeche, Marcos J Marin, Irene L Ennis, Xin Chen, Hongyu Wang, Min Liu, Xinhua Yin, Xiaolong Wang, Sandeep Bhalla, Priyanka Gupta, Narsingh Verma, Bal K Gupta, Shehla Sheikh, Gregoire Wuerzner, Laura Garré, José Boggia, Dédonougbo M Houenassi, José A OctavioSeijas, Jean-René M'buyamba-Kabangu, Trésor M Tshiswaka, Dénes Páll, Zoltán Járai, Rafael Hernández, Fortunato Garcia Vásquez, Jesús A Lopez-Rivera, Monica L Gúzman-Franolic, Savarino Victoria Pereira, Mário J Fernandes, Maria S Garcia, Teresa Gijon, and Vitoria V. B. Meira Da Cunha

Abstract

Elevated blood pressure remains the single biggest risk factor contributing to the global burden of disease and mortality. May Measurement Month is an annual global screening campaign aiming to improve awareness of blood pressure at the individual and population level. Adults (≥18 years) recruited through opportunistic sampling were screened at sites in 92 countries during May 2019. Ideally, 3 blood pressure readings were measured for each participant, and data on lifestyle factors and comorbidities were collected. Hypertension was defined as a systolic blood pressure ≥140 mm Hg, or a diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mm Hg (mean of the second and third readings) or taking antihypertensive medication. When necessary, multiple imputation was used to estimate participants' mean blood pressure. Mixed-effects models were used to evaluate associations between blood pressure and participant characteristics. Of 1 508 130 screenees 482 273 (32.0%) had never had a blood pressure measurement before and 513 337 (34.0%) had hypertension, of whom 58.7% were aware, and 54.7% were on antihypertensive medication. Of those on medication, 57.8% were controlled to <140/90 mm Hg, and 28.9% to <130/80 mm Hg. Of all those with hypertension, 31.7% were controlled to <140/90 mm Hg, and 350 825 (23.3%) participants had untreated or inadequately treated hypertension. Of those taking antihypertensive medication, half were taking only a single drug, and 25% reported using aspirin inappropriately. This survey is the largest ever synchronized and standardized contemporary compilation of global blood pressure data. This campaign is needed as a temporary substitute for systematic blood pressure screening in many countries worldwide.

Published
2020

19. Household, community, sub-national and country-level predictors of primary cooking fuel switching in nine countries from the PURE study

Author

Shupler, Matthew, Hystad, Perry, Gustafson, Paul, Rangarajan, Sumathy, Mushtaha, Maha, Jayachtria, KG, Mony, Prem K, Mohan, Deepa, Kumar, Parthiban, Lakshmi, PVM, Sagar, Vivek, Gupta, Rajeev, Mohan, Indu, Nair, Sanjeev, Varma, Ravi Prasad, Li, Wei, Hu, Bo, You, Kai, Ncube, Tatenda, Ncube, Brian, Chifamba, Jephat, West, Nicola, Yeates, Karen, Iqbal, Romaina, Khawaja, Rehman, Yusuf, Rita, Khan, Afreen, Seron, Pamela, Lanas, Fernando, Lopez-Jaramillo, Patricio, Camacho, Paul A, Puoane, Thandi, Yusuf, Salim, Brauer, Michael, Yusuf, S, Rangarajan, S, Teo, KK, Anand, SS, Chow, CK, O'Donnell, M, Mente, A, Leong, D, Smyth, A, Joseph, P, Duong, M, Kurmi, O, D'Souza, R, Walli-Attaei, M, Balaji, B, Naito, R, Islam, S, Hu, W, Ramasundarahettige, C, Sheridan, P, Bangdiwala, S, Dyal, L, Casanova, A, Dehghan, M, Lewis, G, Agapay, D, Aliberti, A, Aoucheva, N, Arshad, A, Reyes, A, Bideri, B, Buthool, R, Chin, S, Di Marino, M, Frances, R, Gopal, S, Jakymyshn, M, Kandy, N, Kay, I, Lindeman, J, McAlpine, G, McNeice, E, Mushtaha, M, Patel, R, Pattath, D, Ramacham, S, Ramezani, E, Rimac, J, Shifaly, F, Swallow, J, Trottier, M, Trottier, S, Solano, R, Zaki, A, Zhang, B, Zhang, V, Rahman, O, Yusuf, R, Ahmed, SAKS, Choudhury, T, Sintaha, M, Khan, A, Alam, O, Nayeem, N, Mitra, SN, Pasha, F, Lanas, F, Seron, P, Oliveros, MJ, Cazor, F, Palacios, Y, Wei, Li, Lisheng, Liu, Jian, Bo, Bo, Hu, Lu, Yin, Wenhua, Zhao, Hongye, Zhang, Xuan, Jia, Yi, Sun, Xingyu, Wang, Xiuwen, Zhao, Xinye, He, Tao, Chen, Hui, Chen, Xiaohong, Chang, Qing, Deng, Xiaoru, Cheng, Liya, Xie, Zhiguang, Liu, Juan, Li, Jian, Li, Xu, Liu, Bing, Ren, Wei, Wang, Yang, Wang, Jun, Yang, Yi, Zhai, Manlu, Zhu, Fanghong, Lu, Jianfang, Wu, Yindong, Li, Yan, Hou, Liangqing, Zhang, Baoxia, Guo, Xiaoyang, Liao, Shiying, Zhang, BianRongwen, Xiuzhen, Tian, Dong, Li, Di, Chen, Jianguo, Wu, Yize, Xiao, Tianlu, Liu, Peng, Zhang, Changlin, Dong, Ning, Li, Xiaolan, Ma, Yuqing, Yang, Rensheng, Lei, Minfan, Fu, Jing, He, Yu, Liu, Xiaojie, Xing, Qiang, Zhou, Lopez-Jaramillo, P, Camacho-Lopez, PA, Otero-Wandurraga, J, Molina, DI, Cure-Cure, C, Perez, M, Hernandez, E, Arcos, E, Narvaez, C, Sotomayor, A, Garcia, H, Sanchez, G, Cotes, F, Rico, A, Duran, M, Torres, C, Mony, P, Vaz, M, Swaminathan, S, Shankar, K, Kurpad, AV, Jayachitra, KG, Kumar, N, Hospital, HAL, Mohan, V, Deepa, M, Parthiban, K, Anitha, M, Hemavathy, S, Rahulashankiruthiyayan, T, Anitha, D, Anjana, RM, Dhanasekar, R, Sureshkumar, S, Sridevi, K, Gupta, R, Panwar, RB, Mohan, I, Rastogi, P, Rastogi, S, Bhargava, R, Kumar, R, Thakur, JS, Patro, B, Mahajan, R, Chaudary, P, Kutty, V Raman, Vijayakumar, K, Ajayan, K, Rajasree, G, Renjini, AR, Deepu, A, Sandhya, B, Asha, S, Soumya, HS, Kaur, M, Sagar, V, Iqbal, R, Khawaja, R, Azam, I, Kazmi, K, Kruger, L, Kruger, A, Bestra, P, Voster, HH, Schutte, AE, Wentzel-Viljoen, E, Eloff, FC, de Ridder, H, Moss, H, Potgieter, J, Roux, AA, Watson, M, de Wet, G, Olckers, A, Jerling, JC, Pieters, M, Hoekstra, T, Puoane, T, Swart, R, Igumbor, E, Tsolekile, L, Ndayi, K, Sanders, D, Naidoo, P, Steyn, N, Peer, N, Mayosi, B, Rayner, B, Lambert, V, Levitt, N, Kolbe-Alexander, T, Ntyintyane, L, Hughes, G, Fourie, J, Muzigaba, M, Xapa, S, Gobile, N, Jwili, B, Ndibaza, K, Egbujie, B, Yeates, K, Oresto, M, West, N, Chifamba, J, Ncube, T, Ncube, B, Chimhete, C, Neya, GK, Manenji, T, Gwaunza, L, Mapara, V, Terera, G, Mahachi, C, Murambiwa, P, Mapanga, R, Chinhara, A, Epidemiolo, Prospective Urban Rural, and Everest

Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Air pollution, 010501 environmental sciences, medicine.disease_cause, 01 natural sciences, Agricultural economics, Article, Country level, 11. Sustainability, medicine, Coal, Baseline (configuration management), 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, General Environmental Science, 2. Zero hunger, Kerosene, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, business.industry, Multilevel model, 1. No poverty, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, 13. Climate action, Environmental science, Survey data collection, Community setting, business
Abstract

Digital, Introduction. Switching from polluting (e.g. wood, crop waste, coal) to clean (e.g. gas, electricity) cooking fuels can reduce household air pollution exposures and climate-forcing emissions. While studies have evaluated specific interventions and assessed fuel-switching in repeated cross-sectional surveys, the role of different multilevel factors in household fuel switching, outside of interventions and across diverse community settings, is not well understood. Methods. We examined longitudinal survey data from 24 172 households in 177 rural communities across nine countries within the Prospective Urban and Rural Epidemiology study. We assessed household-level primary cooking fuel switching during a median of 10 years of follow up (∼2005–2015). We used hierarchical logistic regression models to examine the relative importance of household, community, sub-national and national-level factors contributing to primary fuel switching. Results. One-half of study households (12 369) reported changing their primary cooking fuels between baseline and follow up surveys. Of these, 61% (7582) switched from polluting (wood, dung, agricultural waste, charcoal, coal, kerosene) to clean (gas, electricity) fuels, 26% (3109) switched between different polluting fuels, 10% (1164) switched from clean to polluting fuels and 3% (522) switched between different clean fuels. Among the 17 830 households using polluting cooking fuels at baseline, household-level factors (e.g. larger household size, higher wealth, higher education level) were most strongly associated with switching from polluting to clean fuels in India; in all other countries, community-level factors (e.g. larger population density in 2010, larger increase in population density between 2005 and 2015) were the strongest predictors of polluting-to-clean fuel switching. Conclusions. The importance of community and sub-national factors relative to household characteristics in determining polluting-to-clean fuel switching varied dramatically across the nine countries examined. This highlights the potential importance of national and other contextual factors in shaping large-scale clean cooking transitions among rural communities in low- and middle-income countries., Ciencias Médicas y de la Salud

Published
2019

20. May measurement month 2018: a pragmatic global screening campaign to raise awareness of blood pressure by the International Society of Hypertension (vol 40, pg 2006, 2019)

Author

Beaney, T, Burrell, LM, Castillo, RR, Charchar, FJ, Cro, S, Damasceno, A, Kruger, R, Nilsson, PM, Prabhakaran, D, Ramirez, AJ, Schlaich, MP, Schutte, AE, Tomaszewski, M, Touyz, R, Wang, JG, Weber, MA, Poulter, NR, Burazeri, G, Qirjako, G, Roshi, E, Cunashi, R, Fernandes, MJCC, Pereira, VSS, Neto, MFMP, Oliveira, PNM, Feijao, ACG, Cerniello, Y, Marin, MJ, Vasquez, GF, Espeche, WG, Stisman, D, Fuentes, IA, Zilberman, JM, Rodriguez, P, Babinyan, KY, Engibaryan, AH, Avagyan, AM, Minasyan, AA, Gevorkyan, AT, Carnagarin, R, Carrington, MJ, Sharman, JE, Lee, R, Perl, S, Niederl, E, Malik, FT, Choudhury, SR, Al Mamun, MA, Ishraquzzaman, M, Anthony, F, Connell, K, De Backer, TLM, Krzesinski, J, Houenassi, MD, Houehanou, CY, Sokolovic, S, Bahtijarevic, R, Tiro, MB, Mosepele, M, Masupe, TK, Barroso, WS, Gomes, MAM, Feitosa, ADM, Brandao, AA, Miranda, RD, Azevedo, VMAA, Dias, LM, Garcia, GDN, Martins, IPP, Dzudie, A, Kingue, S, Djomou, FAN, Njume, E, Khan, N, Lanas, FT, Garcia, MS, Paccot, MF, Torres, P, Li, Y, Liu, M, Xu, L, Li, L, Chen, X, Deng, J, Zhao, W, Fu, L, Zhou, Y, Lopez-Jaramillo, P, Otero, J, Camacho, PA, Accini, JL, Sanchez, G, Arcos, E, M'Buyamba-Kabangu, JR, Katamba, FK, Ngoyi, GN, Buila, NM, Bayauli, PM, Mbolla, EBF, Bakekolo, PR, Landa, KCM, Kaky, KGS, Kramoh, EK, Ngoran, YNK, Olsen, MH, Valoy, VL, Santillan, M, Rafael, AGM, Penaherrera, CE, Villalba, J, Ramirez, M, Arteaga, F, Delgado, P, Beistline, H, Cappuccio, FP, Keitley, J, Tay, T, Goshu, DY, Kassie, DM, Gebru, SA, Pathak, A, Denolle, T, Tsinamdzgvrishvili, B, Trapaidze, D, Sturua, L, Abesadze, T, Grdzelidze, N, Grabfelder, M, Kramer, BK, Schmeider, RE, Twumasi-Ankrah, B, Tannor, EK, Lincoln, MD, Deku, EM, Quintana, WFS, Kenerson, J, Baptiste, JED, Saintilmond, WW, Barrientos, AL, Jose, PA, More, A, Takalkar, A, Turana, Y, Widyantoro, B, Danny, SS, Djono, S, Handari, SD, Tambunan, M, Tiksnadi, BB, Hermiawaty, E, Tavassoli, E, Zolfaghari, M, Dolan, E, O'Brien, E, Borghi, C, Ferri, C, Torlasco, C, Parati, G, Nwokocha, CR, Nwokocha, M, Ogola, EN, Gitura, BM, Barasa, AL, Barasa, FA, Wairagu, AW, Nalwa, WZ, Najem, RN, Abu Alfa, AK, Fageh, HA, Msalam, OM, Derbi, HA, Bettamar, KA, Zakauskiene, U, Vickiene, A, Calmes, J, Alkerwi, A, Gantenbein, M, Ndhlovu, HLL, Masiye, JK, Chirwa, ML, Nyirenda, NM, Dhlamini, TD, Chia, YC, Ching, SM, Devaraj, NK, Ouane, N, Fane, T, Kowlessur, S, Ori, B, Heecharan, J, Alcocer, L, Chavez, A, Ruiz, G, Espinosa, C, Gomez-Alvarez, E, Neupane, D, Bhattarai, H, Ranabhat, K, Adhikari, TB, Koirala, S, Toure, IA, Soumana, KH, Wahab, KW, Omotoso, AB, Sani, MU, Okubadejo, NU, Nadar, SK, Al-Riyami, HA, Ishaq, M, Memon, F, Sidique, S, Choudhry, HA, Khan, RA, Ayala, M, Maidana, AJO, Bogado, GG, Ona, D, Atilano, A, Granada, C, Bartolome, R, Manese, L, Mina, A, Dumlao, MC, Villaruel, MC, Gomez, L, Jozwiak, J, Malyszko, J, Banach, M, Mastej, M, Rodrigues, DCMM, Martins, LL, Paval, A, Dorobantu, M, Konradi, AO, Chazova, IE, Rotar, O, Spoares, MC, Viegas, D, Almustafa, BA, Alshurafa, SA, Brady, A, Bovet, P, Viswanathan, B, Oladapo, OO, Russell, JW, Beheiry, HM, Ali, IA, Osman, AAA, Fahal, NAW, Osman, HA, Altahir, F, Persson, M, Wuerzner, G, Burkard, T, Wang, TD, Lin, HJ, Pan, HY, Chen, WJ, Lin, E, Mondo, CK, Ingabire, PM, Khomazyuk, TT, Krotova, VV, Negresku, E, Evstigneeva, O, Bazargani, NN, Agrawal, A, Bin Belaila, BA, Suhail, AM, Muhammed, KO, Shuri, HH, Wainford, RD, Levy, PD, Boggia, JJ, Garre, LL, Hernandez-Hernandez, R, Octavio-Seijas, JA, Lopez-Rivera, JA, Morr, I, Duin, A, Huynh, M, Cao, ST, Nguyen, VL, To, M, Phan, HN, Cockroft, J, McDonnell, B, Goma, FM, Syatalimi, C, Chifamba, J, Gwini, R, Tiburcio, O, and Xia, X

Subjects
Science & Technology, Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems, Cardiovascular System & Hematology, Cardiovascular System & Cardiology, 1103 Clinical Sciences, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, 1102 Cardiorespiratory Medicine and Haematology
Published
2019

21. May Measurement Month 2018: a pragmatic global screening campaign to raise awareness of blood pressure by the International Society of Hypertension

Author

Beaney, T, Burrell, LM, Castillo, RR, Charchar, FJ, Cro, S, Damasceno, A, Kruger, R, Nilsson, PM, Prabhakaran, D, Ramirez, AJ, Schlaich, MP, Schutte, AE, Tomaszewski, M, Touyz, R, Wang, J-G, Weber, MA, Poulter, NR, Burazeri, G, Qirjako, G, Roshi, E, Cunashi, R, Fernandes, MJCC, Pereira, SSV, Neto, MFMP, Oliveira, PNM, Feijao, ACG, Cerniello, Y, Marin, MJ, Vasquez, FG, Espeche, WG, Stisman, D, Fuentes, IA, Zilberman, JM, Rodriguez, P, Babinyan, KY, Engibaryan, AH, Avagyan, AM, Minasyan, AA, Gevorkyan, AT, Carnagarin, R, Carrington, MJ, Sharman, JE, Lee, R, Perl, S, Niederl, E, Malik, F-T-N, Choudhury, SR, Al Mamun, MA, Ishraquzzaman, M, Anthony, F, Connell, K, De Backer, TLM, Krzesinski, J, Houenassi, MD, Houehanou, CY, Sokolovic, S, Bahtijarevic, R, Tiro, MB, Mosepele, M, Masupe, TK, Barroso, WS, Gomes, MAM, Feitosa, ADM, Brandao, AA, Miranda, RD, Azevedo, VMAA, Dias, LM, Garcia, GDN, Martins, IPP, Dzudie, A, Kingue, S, Djomou, FAN, Njume, E, Khan, N, Lanas, FT, Garcia, MS, Paccot, MF, Torres, PI, Li, Y, Liu, M, Xu, L, Li, L, Chen, X, Deng, J, Zhao, W, Fu, L, Zhou, Y, Lopez-Jaramillo, P, Otero, J, Camacho, PA, Accini, JL, Sanchez, G, Arcos, E, Buyamba-Kabangu, J-RM, Katamba, FK, Ngoyi, GN, Buila, NM, Bayauli, PM, Mbolla, BFE, Bakekolo, PR, Landa, CMK, Kaky, GSK, Kramoh, EK, Ngoran, YNK, Olsen, MH, Valoy, LV, Santillan, M, Medina, ARG, Penaherrera, CE, Villalba, J, Ramirez, MI, Arteaga, F, Delgado, P, Beistline, H, Cappuccio, FP, Keitley, J, Tay, T, Goshu, DY, Kassie, DM, Gebru, SA, Pathak, A, Denolle, T, Tsinamdzgvrishvili, B, Trapaidze, D, Sturua, L, Abesadze, T, Grdzelidze, N, Grabfelder, M, Kramer, BK, Schmeider, RE, Twumasi-Ankrah, B, Tannor, EK, Lincoln, MD, Deku, EM, Quintana, FSW, Kenerson, J, Baptiste, EDJ, Saintilmond, WW, Barrientos, AL, Peiger, B, Lagos, AR, Forgas, MA, Lee, VWY, Tomlinson, BWY, Jarai, Z, Pall, D, More, A, Maheshwari, A, Verma, N, Sharma, M, Mukherjee, TK, Patil, M, Jose, AP, Takalkar, A, Turana, Y, Widyantoro, B, Danny, SS, Djono, S, Handari, SD, Tambunan, M, Tiksnadi, BB, Hermiawaty, E, Tavassoli, E, Zolfaghari, M, Dolan, E, O'Brien, E, Borghi, C, Ferri, C, Torlasco, C, Parati, G, Nwokocha, CR, Nwokocha, MI, Ogola, EN, Gitura, BM, Barasa, AL, Barasa, FA, Wairagu, AW, Nalwa, WZ, Najem, RN, Abu Alfa, AK, Fageh, HA, Msalam, OM, Derbi, HA, Bettamar, KA, Zakauskiene, U, Vickiene, A, Calmes, J, Alkerwi, A, Gantenbein, M, Ndhlovu, HLL, Masiye, JK, Chirwa, ML, Nyirenda, NM, Dhlamini, TD, Chia, YC, Ching, SM, Devaraj, NK, Ouane, N, Fane, T, Kowlessur, S, Ori, B, Heecharan, J, Alcocer, L, Chavez, A, Ruiz, G, Espinosa, C, Gomez-Alvarez, E, Neupane, D, Bhattarai, H, Ranabhat, K, Adhikari, TB, Koirala, S, Toure, IA, Soumana, KH, Wahab, K, Omotoso, AB, Sani, MU, Okubadejo, NU, Nadar, SK, Al-Riyami, HA, Ishaq, M, Memon, F, Sidique, S, Choudhry, HA, Khan, RA, Ayala, M, Maidana, AJO, Bogado, GGG, Ona, DI, Atilano, A, Granada, C, Bartolome, R, Manese, L, Mina, A, Dumlao, MC, Villaruel, MC, Gomez, L, Jozwiak, J, Malyszko, J, Banach, M, Mastej, M, Rodrigues, MMDC, Martins, LL, Paval, A, Dorobantu, M, Konradi, AO, Chazova, IE, Rotar, O, Spoares, MC, Viegas, D, Almustafa, BA, Alshurafa, SA, Brady, A, Bovet, P, Viswanathan, B, Oladapo, OO, Russell, JW, Brguljan-Hitij, J, Bozic, N, Knez, J, Dolenc, P, Hassan, MM, Woodiwiss, AJ, Myburgh, C, Vally, M, Ruilope, LM, Molinero, A, Rodilla, E, Gijon-Conde, T, Beheiry, HM, Ali, IA, Osman, AAA, Fahal, NAW, Osman, HA, Altahir, F, Persson, M, Wuerzner, G, Burkard, T, Wang, T-D, Lin, H-J, Pan, H-Y, Chen, W-J, Lin, E, Mondo, CK, Ingabire, PM, Khomazyuk, TTA, Krotova, VV-Y, Negresku, E, Evstigneeva, O, Bazargani, NNB, Agrawal, A, Bin Belaila, BA, Suhail, AM, Muhammed, KO, Shuri, HH, Wainford, RD, Levy, PD, Boggia, JJG, Garre, LL, Hernandez-Hernandez, R, Octavio-Seijas, JA, Lopez-Rivera, JA, Morr, I, Duin, A, Huynh, MV, Cao, ST, Nguyen, VL, To, M, Phan, HN, Cockroft, J, McDonnell, B, Goma, FM, Syatalimi, C, Chifamba, J, Gwini, R, Xia, X, Tiburcio, OV, Beaney, T, Burrell, LM, Castillo, RR, Charchar, FJ, Cro, S, Damasceno, A, Kruger, R, Nilsson, PM, Prabhakaran, D, Ramirez, AJ, Schlaich, MP, Schutte, AE, Tomaszewski, M, Touyz, R, Wang, J-G, Weber, MA, Poulter, NR, Burazeri, G, Qirjako, G, Roshi, E, Cunashi, R, Fernandes, MJCC, Pereira, SSV, Neto, MFMP, Oliveira, PNM, Feijao, ACG, Cerniello, Y, Marin, MJ, Vasquez, FG, Espeche, WG, Stisman, D, Fuentes, IA, Zilberman, JM, Rodriguez, P, Babinyan, KY, Engibaryan, AH, Avagyan, AM, Minasyan, AA, Gevorkyan, AT, Carnagarin, R, Carrington, MJ, Sharman, JE, Lee, R, Perl, S, Niederl, E, Malik, F-T-N, Choudhury, SR, Al Mamun, MA, Ishraquzzaman, M, Anthony, F, Connell, K, De Backer, TLM, Krzesinski, J, Houenassi, MD, Houehanou, CY, Sokolovic, S, Bahtijarevic, R, Tiro, MB, Mosepele, M, Masupe, TK, Barroso, WS, Gomes, MAM, Feitosa, ADM, Brandao, AA, Miranda, RD, Azevedo, VMAA, Dias, LM, Garcia, GDN, Martins, IPP, Dzudie, A, Kingue, S, Djomou, FAN, Njume, E, Khan, N, Lanas, FT, Garcia, MS, Paccot, MF, Torres, PI, Li, Y, Liu, M, Xu, L, Li, L, Chen, X, Deng, J, Zhao, W, Fu, L, Zhou, Y, Lopez-Jaramillo, P, Otero, J, Camacho, PA, Accini, JL, Sanchez, G, Arcos, E, Buyamba-Kabangu, J-RM, Katamba, FK, Ngoyi, GN, Buila, NM, Bayauli, PM, Mbolla, BFE, Bakekolo, PR, Landa, CMK, Kaky, GSK, Kramoh, EK, Ngoran, YNK, Olsen, MH, Valoy, LV, Santillan, M, Medina, ARG, Penaherrera, CE, Villalba, J, Ramirez, MI, Arteaga, F, Delgado, P, Beistline, H, Cappuccio, FP, Keitley, J, Tay, T, Goshu, DY, Kassie, DM, Gebru, SA, Pathak, A, Denolle, T, Tsinamdzgvrishvili, B, Trapaidze, D, Sturua, L, Abesadze, T, Grdzelidze, N, Grabfelder, M, Kramer, BK, Schmeider, RE, Twumasi-Ankrah, B, Tannor, EK, Lincoln, MD, Deku, EM, Quintana, FSW, Kenerson, J, Baptiste, EDJ, Saintilmond, WW, Barrientos, AL, Peiger, B, Lagos, AR, Forgas, MA, Lee, VWY, Tomlinson, BWY, Jarai, Z, Pall, D, More, A, Maheshwari, A, Verma, N, Sharma, M, Mukherjee, TK, Patil, M, Jose, AP, Takalkar, A, Turana, Y, Widyantoro, B, Danny, SS, Djono, S, Handari, SD, Tambunan, M, Tiksnadi, BB, Hermiawaty, E, Tavassoli, E, Zolfaghari, M, Dolan, E, O'Brien, E, Borghi, C, Ferri, C, Torlasco, C, Parati, G, Nwokocha, CR, Nwokocha, MI, Ogola, EN, Gitura, BM, Barasa, AL, Barasa, FA, Wairagu, AW, Nalwa, WZ, Najem, RN, Abu Alfa, AK, Fageh, HA, Msalam, OM, Derbi, HA, Bettamar, KA, Zakauskiene, U, Vickiene, A, Calmes, J, Alkerwi, A, Gantenbein, M, Ndhlovu, HLL, Masiye, JK, Chirwa, ML, Nyirenda, NM, Dhlamini, TD, Chia, YC, Ching, SM, Devaraj, NK, Ouane, N, Fane, T, Kowlessur, S, Ori, B, Heecharan, J, Alcocer, L, Chavez, A, Ruiz, G, Espinosa, C, Gomez-Alvarez, E, Neupane, D, Bhattarai, H, Ranabhat, K, Adhikari, TB, Koirala, S, Toure, IA, Soumana, KH, Wahab, K, Omotoso, AB, Sani, MU, Okubadejo, NU, Nadar, SK, Al-Riyami, HA, Ishaq, M, Memon, F, Sidique, S, Choudhry, HA, Khan, RA, Ayala, M, Maidana, AJO, Bogado, GGG, Ona, DI, Atilano, A, Granada, C, Bartolome, R, Manese, L, Mina, A, Dumlao, MC, Villaruel, MC, Gomez, L, Jozwiak, J, Malyszko, J, Banach, M, Mastej, M, Rodrigues, MMDC, Martins, LL, Paval, A, Dorobantu, M, Konradi, AO, Chazova, IE, Rotar, O, Spoares, MC, Viegas, D, Almustafa, BA, Alshurafa, SA, Brady, A, Bovet, P, Viswanathan, B, Oladapo, OO, Russell, JW, Brguljan-Hitij, J, Bozic, N, Knez, J, Dolenc, P, Hassan, MM, Woodiwiss, AJ, Myburgh, C, Vally, M, Ruilope, LM, Molinero, A, Rodilla, E, Gijon-Conde, T, Beheiry, HM, Ali, IA, Osman, AAA, Fahal, NAW, Osman, HA, Altahir, F, Persson, M, Wuerzner, G, Burkard, T, Wang, T-D, Lin, H-J, Pan, H-Y, Chen, W-J, Lin, E, Mondo, CK, Ingabire, PM, Khomazyuk, TTA, Krotova, VV-Y, Negresku, E, Evstigneeva, O, Bazargani, NNB, Agrawal, A, Bin Belaila, BA, Suhail, AM, Muhammed, KO, Shuri, HH, Wainford, RD, Levy, PD, Boggia, JJG, Garre, LL, Hernandez-Hernandez, R, Octavio-Seijas, JA, Lopez-Rivera, JA, Morr, I, Duin, A, Huynh, MV, Cao, ST, Nguyen, VL, To, M, Phan, HN, Cockroft, J, McDonnell, B, Goma, FM, Syatalimi, C, Chifamba, J, Gwini, R, Xia, X, and Tiburcio, OV

Abstract

AIMS: Raised blood pressure (BP) is the biggest contributor to mortality and disease burden worldwide and fewer than half of those with hypertension are aware of it. May Measurement Month (MMM) is a global campaign set up in 2017, to raise awareness of high BP and as a pragmatic solution to a lack of formal screening worldwide. The 2018 campaign was expanded, aiming to include more participants and countries. METHODS AND RESULTS: Eighty-nine countries participated in MMM 2018. Volunteers (≥18 years) were recruited through opportunistic sampling at a variety of screening sites. Each participant had three BP measurements and completed a questionnaire on demographic, lifestyle, and environmental factors. Hypertension was defined as a systolic BP ≥140 mmHg or diastolic BP ≥90 mmHg, or taking antihypertensive medication. In total, 74.9% of screenees provided three BP readings. Multiple imputation using chained equations was used to impute missing readings. 1 504 963 individuals (mean age 45.3 years; 52.4% female) were screened. After multiple imputation, 502 079 (33.4%) individuals had hypertension, of whom 59.5% were aware of their diagnosis and 55.3% were taking antihypertensive medication. Of those on medication, 60.0% were controlled and of all hypertensives, 33.2% were controlled. We detected 224 285 individuals with untreated hypertension and 111 214 individuals with inadequately treated (systolic BP ≥ 140 mmHg or diastolic BP ≥ 90 mmHg) hypertension. CONCLUSION: May Measurement Month expanded significantly compared with 2017, including more participants in more countries. The campaign identified over 335 000 adults with untreated or inadequately treated hypertension. In the absence of systematic screening programmes, MMM was effective at raising awareness at least among these individuals at risk.

Published
2019

22. Inequalities in the use of secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease by socioeconomic status: evidence from the PURE observational study

Author

Murphy, A. (Adrianna), Palafox, B. (Benjamin), O'Donnell, O.A. (Owen), Stuckler, D. (David), Perel, P. (Pablo), AlHabib, K.F. (Khalid F), Avezum, A. (Alvaro), Bai, X. (Xiulin), Chifamba, J. (Jephat), Chow, C.K. (Clara K), Corsi, D.J. (Daniel J), Dagenais, G.R. (Gilles R), Dans, A.L. (Antonio L), Díaz, R. (Rafael), Erbakan, A.N. (Ayse N), Ismail, N. (Noorhassim), Iqbal, R. (Romaina), Kelishadi, R. (Roya), Khatib, R. (Rasha), Lanas, F. (Fernando), Lear, S.A. (Scott A), Li, W. (Wei), Liu, J. (Jia), Lopez-Jaramillo, P. (Patricio), Mohan, V. (Viswanathan), Monsef, N. (Nahed), Mony, P.K. (Prem K), Puoane, T. (Thandi), Rangarajan, S. (Sumathy), Rosengren, A. (Annika), Schutte, A.E. (Aletta E), Sintaha, M. (Mariz), Teo, K.K. (Koon K), Wielgosz, A. (Andreas), Yeates, K. (Karen), Yin, L. (Lu), Yusoff, K. (Khalid), Zatońska, K. (Katarzyna), Yusuf, S. (Salim), McKee, M. (Martin), Murphy, A. (Adrianna), Palafox, B. (Benjamin), O'Donnell, O.A. (Owen), Stuckler, D. (David), Perel, P. (Pablo), AlHabib, K.F. (Khalid F), Avezum, A. (Alvaro), Bai, X. (Xiulin), Chifamba, J. (Jephat), Chow, C.K. (Clara K), Corsi, D.J. (Daniel J), Dagenais, G.R. (Gilles R), Dans, A.L. (Antonio L), Díaz, R. (Rafael), Erbakan, A.N. (Ayse N), Ismail, N. (Noorhassim), Iqbal, R. (Romaina), Kelishadi, R. (Roya), Khatib, R. (Rasha), Lanas, F. (Fernando), Lear, S.A. (Scott A), Li, W. (Wei), Liu, J. (Jia), Lopez-Jaramillo, P. (Patricio), Mohan, V. (Viswanathan), Monsef, N. (Nahed), Mony, P.K. (Prem K), Puoane, T. (Thandi), Rangarajan, S. (Sumathy), Rosengren, A. (Annika), Schutte, A.E. (Aletta E), Sintaha, M. (Mariz), Teo, K.K. (Koon K), Wielgosz, A. (Andreas), Yeates, K. (Karen), Yin, L. (Lu), Yusoff, K. (Khalid), Zatońska, K. (Katarzyna), Yusuf, S. (Salim), and McKee, M. (Martin)

Abstract

Background: There is little evidence on the use of secondary prevention medicines for cardiovascular disease by socioeconomic groups in countries at different levels of economic development. Methods: We assessed use of antiplatelet, cholesterol, and blood-pressure-lowering drugs in 8492 individuals with self-reported cardiovascular disease from 21 countries enrolled in the Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology (PURE) study. Defining one or more drugs as a minimal level of secondary prevention, wealth-related inequality was measured using the Wagstaff concentration index, scaled from −1 (pro-poor) to 1 (pro-rich), standardised by age and sex. Correlations between inequalities and national health-related indicators were estimated. Findings: The proportion of patients with cardiovascular disease on three medications ranged from 0% in South Africa (95% CI 0–1·7), Tanzania (0–3·6), and Zimbabwe (0–5·1), to 49·3% in Canada (44·4–54·3). Proportions receiving at least one drug varied from 2·0% (95% CI 0·5–6·9) in Tanzania to 91·4% (86·6–94·6) in Sweden. There was significant (p<0·05) pro-rich inequality in Saudi Arabia, China, Colombia, India, Pakistan, and Zimbabwe. Pro-poor distributions were observed in Sweden, Brazil, Chile, Poland, and the occupied Palestinian territory. The strongest predictors of inequality were public expenditure on health and overall use of secondary prevention medicines. Interpretation: Use of medication for secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease is alarmingly low. In many countries with the lowest use, pro-rich inequality is greatest. Policies associated with an equal or pro-poor distribution include free medications and community health programmes to support adherence to medications. Funding: Full funding sources listed at the end of the paper (see Acknowledgments).

Published
2018
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23. Deriving an optimal threshold of waist circumference for detecting cardiometabolic risk in sub-Saharan Africa

Author

Ekoru, K., Murphy, G. A.V., Young, E. H., Delisle, H., Jerome, C. S., Assah, F., Longo-Mbenza, B., Nzambi, J. P.D., On'Kin, J. B.K., Buntix, F., Muyer, M. C., Christensen, D. L., Wesseh, C. S., Sabir, A., Okafor, C., Gezawa, I. D., Puepet, F., Enang, O., Raimi, T., Ohwovoriole, E., Oladapo, O. O., Bovet, P., Mollentze, W., Unwin, N., Gray, W. K., Walker, R., Agoudavi, K., Siziya, S., Chifamba, J., Njelekela, M., Fourie, C. M., Kruger, S., Schutte, A. E., Walsh, C., Gareta, D., Kamali, A., Seeley, J., Norris, S. A., Crowther, N. J., Pillay, D., Kaleebu, P., Motala, A. A., Sandhu, M. S., Ekoru, K., Murphy, G. A.V., Young, E. H., Delisle, H., Jerome, C. S., Assah, F., Longo-Mbenza, B., Nzambi, J. P.D., On'Kin, J. B.K., Buntix, F., Muyer, M. C., Christensen, D. L., Wesseh, C. S., Sabir, A., Okafor, C., Gezawa, I. D., Puepet, F., Enang, O., Raimi, T., Ohwovoriole, E., Oladapo, O. O., Bovet, P., Mollentze, W., Unwin, N., Gray, W. K., Walker, R., Agoudavi, K., Siziya, S., Chifamba, J., Njelekela, M., Fourie, C. M., Kruger, S., Schutte, A. E., Walsh, C., Gareta, D., Kamali, A., Seeley, J., Norris, S. A., Crowther, N. J., Pillay, D., Kaleebu, P., Motala, A. A., and Sandhu, M. S.

Abstract

Background:Waist circumference (WC) thresholds derived from western populations continue to be used in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) despite increasing evidence of ethnic variation in the association between adiposity and cardiometabolic disease and availability of data from African populations. We aimed to derive a SSA-specific optimal WC cut-point for identifying individuals at increased cardiometabolic risk.Methods:We used individual level cross-sectional data on 24 181 participants aged

Published
2018

24. Inequalities in the use of secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease by socioeconomic status: evidence from the PURE observational study

Author

Murphy, A, Palafox, B, O'Donnell, Owen, Stuckler, D, Perel, P, AlHabib, KF, Avezum, A, Bai, XL, Chifamba, J, Chow, CK, Corsi, DJ, Dagenais, GR, Dans, AL, Diaz, R, Erbakan, AN, Ismail, N, Iqbal, R, Kelishadi, R, Khatib, R, Lanas, F, Lear, SA, Li, W, Liu, J, Lopez-Jaramillo, P, Mohan, V, Monsef, N, Mony, PK, Puoane, T, Rangarajan, S, Rosengren, A, Schutte, AEM, Sintaha, M, Teo, KK, Wielgosz, A, Yeates, K, Yin, L, Yusoff, K, Zatonska, K, Yusuf, S, McKee, M, Murphy, A, Palafox, B, O'Donnell, Owen, Stuckler, D, Perel, P, AlHabib, KF, Avezum, A, Bai, XL, Chifamba, J, Chow, CK, Corsi, DJ, Dagenais, GR, Dans, AL, Diaz, R, Erbakan, AN, Ismail, N, Iqbal, R, Kelishadi, R, Khatib, R, Lanas, F, Lear, SA, Li, W, Liu, J, Lopez-Jaramillo, P, Mohan, V, Monsef, N, Mony, PK, Puoane, T, Rangarajan, S, Rosengren, A, Schutte, AEM, Sintaha, M, Teo, KK, Wielgosz, A, Yeates, K, Yin, L, Yusoff, K, Zatonska, K, Yusuf, S, and McKee, M

Published
2018

25. May Measurement Month 2017: an analysis of blood pressure screening results worldwide

Author

Beaney, Thomas, primary, Schutte, Aletta E, additional, Tomaszewski, Maciej, additional, Ariti, Cono, additional, Burrell, Louise M, additional, Castillo, Rafael R, additional, Charchar, Fadi J, additional, Damasceno, Albertino, additional, Kruger, Ruan, additional, Lackland, Daniel T, additional, Nilsson, Peter M, additional, Prabhakaran, Dorairaj, additional, Ramirez, Agustin J, additional, Schlaich, Markus P, additional, Wang, Jiguang, additional, Weber, Michael A, additional, Poulter, Neil R, additional, Napiza-Granada, C, additional, Sevilla, Ma. RC, additional, Atilano, AA, additional, Ona, DID, additional, More, A, additional, Jose, AP, additional, Maheshwari, A, additional, Kondal, D, additional, Yu, W, additional, Li, W, additional, Xu, S, additional, Yu, J, additional, Zhang, H, additional, Widyantoro, B, additional, Turana, Y, additional, Situmorang, TD, additional, Sofiatin, Y, additional, Barack, R, additional, Lin, H-J, additional, Wang, T-D, additional, Chen, W-J, additional, Sirenko, Y, additional, Evstigneeva, O, additional, Negresku, E, additional, Yousif, ME, additional, Medani, SA, additional, Beheiry, HM, additional, Ali, IA, additional, Zilberman, JM, additional, Marin, MJ, additional, Rodriguez, PD, additional, Garcia-Vasquez, F, additional, Kramoh, KE, additional, Ekoua, D, additional, Lopez-Jaramillo, P, additional, Otero, J, additional, Sanchez, G, additional, Narvaez, C, additional, Accini, JL, additional, Hernandez-Hernandez, R, additional, Octavio, JA, additional, Morr, I, additional, Lopez-Rivera, J, additional, Ojji, D, additional, Arije, A, additional, Babatunte, A, additional, Wahab, KW, additional, Fernandes, M, additional, Pereira, SV, additional, Valentim, M, additional, Dzudie, A, additional, Kingue, S, additional, Djomou Ngongang, DA, additional, Ogola, EN, additional, Barasa, FA, additional, Gitura, B, additional, Malik, F-T-N, additional, Choudhury, SR, additional, Al Mamun, MA, additional, Minh, VH, additional, Viet, NL, additional, Cao Truong, S, additional, Ferri, C, additional, Parati, G, additional, Torlasco, C, additional, Borghi, C, additional, Goma, FM, additional, Syatalimi, C, additional, Zelveian, PH, additional, Barbosa, E, additional, Sebba Barroso, W, additional, Penaherrera, E, additional, Jarrin, E, additional, Yusufali, A, additional, Bazargani, N, additional, Tsinamdzgvrishvili, B, additional, Trapaidze, D, additional, Neupane, D, additional, Mishra, SR, additional, Jozwiak, J, additional, Malyszko, J, additional, Konradi, A, additional, Chazova, I, additional, Ishaq, M, additional, Memon, F, additional, Heagerty, AM, additional, Keitley, J, additional, Brady, AJB, additional, Cockcroft, JR, additional, McDonnell, BJ, additional, Lanas, F, additional, Chia, Y-C, additional, Ndhlovu, H, additional, Kiss, I, additional, Ruilope, LM, additional, Ellenga Mbolla, BF, additional, Milhailidou, AS, additional, Woodiwiss, AJ, additional, Perl, S, additional, Dolan, E, additional, Azevedo, V, additional, Garre, L, additional, Boggia, JG, additional, Lee, VWY, additional, Kowlessur, S, additional, Miglinas, M, additional, Sukackiene, D, additional, Wainford, RD, additional, Habonimana, D, additional, Masupe, T, additional, Ortellado, J, additional, Wuerzner, G, additional, Alcocer, L, additional, Burazeri, G, additional, Sanchez Delgado, E, additional, Lovic, D, additional, Mondo, CK, additional, Mostafa, A, additional, Nadar, SK, additional, Valdez Tiburcio, O, additional, Leiba, A, additional, Dorobantu, M, additional, De Backer, T, additional, Chifamba, J, additional, Stergiou, G, additional, Nwokocha, CR, additional, Sokolovic, S, additional, Toure, AI, additional, Connell, KL, additional, Khan, NA, additional, Burger, D, additional, De Carvalho Rodrigues, M, additional, Kramer, BK, additional, Schmieder, RE, additional, Unger, T, additional, Wyss, FS, additional, Yameogo, NV, additional, Beistline, H, additional, Kenerson, JG, additional, Alfonso, B, additional, Olsen, MH, additional, and Soares, M, additional

Published
2018
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26. Association of dietary nutrients with blood lipids and blood pressure in 18 countries: a cross-sectional analysis from the PURE study

Author

Mente, Andrew, primary, Dehghan, Mahshid, additional, Rangarajan, Sumathy, additional, McQueen, Matthew, additional, Dagenais, Gilles, additional, Wielgosz, Andreas, additional, Lear, Scott, additional, Li, Wei, additional, Chen, Hui, additional, Yi, Sun, additional, Wang, Yang, additional, Diaz, Rafael, additional, Avezum, Alvaro, additional, Lopez-Jaramillo, Patricio, additional, Seron, Pamela, additional, Kumar, Rajesh, additional, Gupta, Rajeev, additional, Mohan, Viswanathan, additional, Swaminathan, Sumathi, additional, Kutty, Raman, additional, Zatonska, Katarzyna, additional, Iqbal, Romaina, additional, Yusuf, Rita, additional, Mohammadifard, Noushin, additional, Khatib, Rasha, additional, Nasir, Nafiza Mat, additional, Ismail, Noorhassim, additional, Oguz, Aytekin, additional, Rosengren, Annika, additional, Yusufali, Afzalhussein, additional, Wentzel-Viljoen, Edelweiss, additional, Puoane, Thandi, additional, Chifamba, Jephat, additional, Teo, Koon, additional, Anand, Sonia S, additional, Yusuf, Salim, additional, Yusuf, S, additional, Rangarajan, S, additional, Teo, K K, additional, Chow, C K, additional, O'Donnell, M, additional, Mente, A, additional, Leong, D, additional, Smyth, A, additional, Joseph, P, additional, Merchant, A, additional, Islam, S, additional, Zhang, M, additional, Hu, W, additional, Ramasundarahettige, C, additional, Wong, G, additional, Bangdiwala, S, additional, Dyal, L, additional, Casanova, A, additional, Dehghan, M, additional, Lewis, G, additional, Aliberti, A, additional, Arshad, A, additional, Reyes, A, additional, Zaki, A, additional, Lewis, B, additional, Zhang, B, additional, Agapay, D, additional, Hari, D, additional, Milazzo, E, additional, Ramezani, E, additional, Hussain, F, additional, Shifaly, F, additional, McAlpine, G, additional, Kay, I, additional, Lindeman, J, additional, Rimac, J, additional, Swallow, J, additional, Heldman, L, additional, Mushtaha, M(a), additional, Mushtaha, M(o), additional, Trottier, M, additional, Riggi, M, additional, Aoucheva, N, additional, Kandy, N, additional, Mackie, P, additional, Solano, R, additional, Chin, S, additional, Ramacham, S, additional, Shahrook, S, additional, Trottier, S, additional, Tongana, T, additional, ElSheikh, W, additional, Iyengar, Y, additional, McQueen, M, additional, Hall, K, additional, Keys, J, additional, Wang, X, additional, Keneth, J, additional, Devanath, A, additional, Diaz, R, additional, Orlandini, A, additional, Linetsky, B, additional, Toscanelli, S, additional, Casaccia, G, additional, Cuneo, JM Maini, additional, Rahman, O, additional, Yusuf, R, additional, Azad, AK, additional, Rabbani, KA, additional, Cherry, HM, additional, Mannan, A, additional, Hassan, I, additional, Talukdar, AT, additional, Tooheen, RB, additional, Khan, MU, additional, Sintaha, M, additional, Choudhury, T, additional, Haque, R, additional, Parvin, S, additional, Avezum, A, additional, Oliveira, GB, additional, Marcilio, CS, additional, Mattos, AC, additional, Teo, K, additional, Dejesus, J, additional, Elsheikh, W, additional, Dagenais, G, additional, Poirier, P, additional, Turbide, G, additional, Auger, D, additional, De Bluts, A LeBlanc, additional, Proulx, MC, additional, Cayer, M, additional, Bonneville, N, additional, Lear, S, additional, Gasevic, D, additional, Corber, E, additional, de Jong, V, additional, Vukmirovich, I, additional, Wielgosz, A, additional, Fodor, G, additional, Pipe, A, additional, Shane, A, additional, Lanas, F, additional, Seron, P, additional, Martinez, S, additional, Valdebenito, A, additional, Oliveros, M, additional, Wei, Li, additional, Lisheng, Liu, additional, Chunming, Chen, additional, Xingyu, Wang, additional, Wenhua, Zhao, additional, Hongye, Zhang, additional, Xuan, Jia, additional, Bo, Hu, additional, Jian, Bo, additional, Xiuwen, Zhao, additional, Xiaohong, Chang, additional, Tao, Chen, additional, Hui, Chen, additional, Qing, Deng, additional, Xiaoru, Cheng, additional, Xinye, He, additional, Jian, Li, additional, Juan, Li, additional, Xu, Liu, additional, Bing, Ren, additional, Wei, Wang, additional, Yang, Wang, additional, Jun, Yang, additional, Yi, Zhai, additional, Manlu, Zhu, additional, Fanghong, Lu, additional, Jianfang, Wu, additional, Yindong, Li, additional, Yan, Hou, additional, Liangqing, Zhang, additional, Baoxia, Guo, additional, Xiaoyang, Liao, additional, Shiying, Zhang, additional, Rongwen, Bian, additional, Xiuzhen, Tian, additional, Dong, Li, additional, Di, Chen, additional, Jianguo, Wu, additional, Yize, Xiao, additional, Tianlu, Liu, additional, Peng, Zhang, additional, Changlin, Dong, additional, Ning, Li, additional, Xiaolan, Ma, additional, Yuqing, Yang, additional, Rensheng, Lei, additional, Minfan, Fu, additional, Jing, He, additional, Yu, Liu, additional, Xiaojie, Xing, additional, Qiang, Zhou, additional, Lopez-Jaramillo, P, additional, Lopez, PA Camacho, additional, Garcia, R, additional, Jurado, LJA, additional, Gómez-Arbeláez, D, additional, Arguello, JF, additional, Dueñas, R, additional, Silva, S, additional, Pradilla, LP, additional, Ramirez, F, additional, Molina, DI, additional, Cure-Cure, C, additional, Perez, M, additional, Hernandez, E, additional, Arcos, E, additional, Fernandez, S, additional, Narvaez, C, additional, Paez, J, additional, Sotomayor, A, additional, Garcia, H, additional, Sanchez, G, additional, David, T, additional, Rico, A, additional, Mony, P, additional, Vaz, M, additional, Bharathi, A V, additional, Swaminathan, S, additional, Kurpad, K Shankar AV, additional, Jayachitra, KG, additional, Kumar, N, additional, Hospital, HAL, additional, Mohan, V, additional, Deepa, M, additional, Parthiban, K, additional, Anitha, M, additional, Hemavathy, S, additional, Rahulashankiruthiyayan, T, additional, Anitha, D, additional, Sridevi, K, additional, Gupta, R, additional, Panwar, RB, additional, Mohan, I, additional, Rastogi, P, additional, Rastogi, S, additional, Bhargava, R, additional, Kumar, R, additional, Thakur, J S, additional, Patro, B, additional, Lakshmi, PVM, additional, Mahajan, R, additional, Chaudary, P, additional, Kutty, V Raman, additional, Vijayakumar, K, additional, Ajayan, K, additional, Rajasree, G, additional, Renjini, AR, additional, Deepu, A, additional, Sandhya, B, additional, Asha, S, additional, Soumya, HS, additional, Kelishadi, R, additional, Bahonar, A, additional, Mohammadifard, N, additional, Heidari, H, additional, Yusoff, K, additional, Ismail, TST, additional, Ng, KK, additional, Devi, A, additional, Nasir, NM, additional, Yasin, MM, additional, Miskan, M, additional, Rahman, EA, additional, Arsad, MKM, additional, Ariffin, F, additional, Razak, SA, additional, Majid, FA, additional, Bakar, NA, additional, Yacob, MY, additional, Zainon, N, additional, Salleh, R, additional, Ramli, MKA, additional, Halim, NA, additional, Norlizan, SR, additional, Ghazali, NM, additional, Arshad, MN, additional, Razali, R, additional, Ali, S, additional, Othman, HR, additional, Hafar, CWJCW, additional, Pit, A, additional, Danuri, N, additional, Basir, F, additional, Zahari, SNA, additional, Abdullah, H, additional, Arippin, MA, additional, Zakaria, NA, additional, Noorhassim, I, additional, Hasni, MJ, additional, Azmi, MT, additional, Zaleha, MI, additional, Hazdi, KY, additional, Rizam, AR, additional, Sazman, W, additional, Azman, A, additional, Khatib, R, additional, Khammash, U, additional, Khatib, A, additional, Giacaman, R, additional, Iqbal, R, additional, Afridi, A, additional, Khawaja, R, additional, Raza, A, additional, Kazmi, K, additional, Dans, A, additional, Co, HU, additional, Sanchez, JT, additional, Pudol, L, additional, Zamora-Pudol, C, additional, Palileo-Villanueva, LAM, additional, Aquino, MR, additional, Abaquin, C, additional, Pudol, SL, additional, Cabral, ML, additional, Zatonski, W, additional, Szuba, A, additional, Zatonska, K, additional, Ilow, R, additional, Ferus, M, additional, Regulska-Ilow, B, additional, Rózanska, D, additional, Wolyniec, M, additional, AlHabib, KF, additional, Hersi, A, additional, Kashour, T, additional, Alfaleh, H, additional, Alshamiri, M, additional, Altaradi, HB, additional, Alnobani, O, additional, Bafart, A, additional, Alkamel, N, additional, Ali, M, additional, Abdulrahman, M, additional, Nouri, R, additional, Kruger, A, additional, Voster, H H, additional, Schutte, A E, additional, Wentzel-Viljoen, E, additional, Eloff, FC, additional, de Ridder, H, additional, Moss, H, additional, Potgieter, J, additional, Roux, AA, additional, Watson, M, additional, de Wet, G, additional, Olckers, A, additional, Jerling, JC, additional, Pieters, M, additional, Hoekstra, T, additional, Puoane, T, additional, Igumbor, E, additional, Tsolekile, L, additional, Sanders, D, additional, Naidoo, P, additional, Steyn, N, additional, Peer, N, additional, Mayosi, B, additional, Rayner, B, additional, Lambert, V, additional, Levitt, N, additional, Kolbe-Alexander, T, additional, Ntyintyane, L, additional, Hughes, G, additional, Swart, R, additional, Fourie, J, additional, Muzigaba, M, additional, Xapa, S, additional, Gobile, N, additional, Ndayi, K, additional, Jwili, B, additional, Ndibaza, K, additional, Egbujie, B, additional, Rosengren, A, additional, Bengtsson Boström, K, additional, Gustavsson, A, additional, Andreasson, M, additional, Snällman, M, additional, Wirdemann, L, additional, Yeates, K, additional, Sleeth, J, additional, Kilonzo, K, additional, Oguz, A, additional, Imeryuz, N, additional, Altuntas, Y, additional, Gulec, S, additional, Temizhan, A, additional, Karsidag, K, additional, Calik, KBT, additional, Akalin, AAK, additional, Caklili, OT, additional, Keskinler, MV, additional, Erbakan, AN, additional, Yusufali, AM, additional, Almahmeed, W, additional, Swidan, H, additional, Darwish, EA, additional, Hashemi, ARA, additional, Al-Khaja, N, additional, Muscat-Baron, JM, additional, Ahmed, SH, additional, Mamdouh, TM, additional, Darwish, WM, additional, Abdelmotagali, MHS, additional, Awed, SA Omer, additional, Movahedi, GA, additional, Al Shaibani, H, additional, Gharabou, RIM, additional, Youssef, DF, additional, Nawati, AZS, additional, Salah, ZAR Abu, additional, Abdalla, RFE, additional, Al Shuwaihi, SM, additional, Al Omairi, MA, additional, Cadigal, OD, additional, Alejandrino, R.S., additional, Chifamba, J, additional, Gwaunza, L, additional, Terera, G, additional, Mahachi, C, additional, Murambiwa, P, additional, Machiweni, T, additional, and Mapanga, R, additional

Published
2017
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28. Glucose tolerance study in low and normal birth weight young adults

Author

Gomo, ZAR, Nyatanga, K, Chifamba, J, Chinyanga, HM, Taderera, T, Gwaunza, LT, Mushayamano, T, and Mahachi, C

Abstract

Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is the commonest congenital heart abnormality beyond the age of one year. Cases of Tetralogy of Fallot can present during pregnancy following successful surgical repair in childhood or occasionally as uncorrected TOF presenting for the first time during pregnancy, indeed the most frequently encountered congenital cyanotic heart lesion during pregnancy is cyanotic TOF. Most adult congenital heart disease in Africa is uncorrected due to widespread unavailability of cardiothoracic surgical services on the continent. Pregnancy is associated with significant haemodynamic alterations affecting both the systemic and pulmonary circulatory beds. These are more likely to have deleterious effects in pregnant women with underlying heart disease or with risk factors for pulmonary hypertension.We describe here the case of a 22 year old pregnant woman with acyanotic tetralogy of Fallot and HIV infection who had an uncomplicated parturition. We discuss possible reasons why this potentially fatal combination was well tolerated by the patient.

Published
2014

30. Deriving an optimal threshold of waist circumference for detecting cardiometabolic risk in sub-Saharan Africa

Author

Ekoru, K, Murphy, G A V, Young, E H, Delisle, H, Jerome, C S, Assah, F, Longo–Mbenza, B, Nzambi, J P D, On'Kin, J B K, Buntix, F, Muyer, M C, Christensen, D L, Wesseh, C S, Sabir, A, Okafor, C, Gezawa, I D, Puepet, F, Enang, O, Raimi, T, Ohwovoriole, E, Oladapo, O O, Bovet, P, Mollentze, W, Unwin, N, Gray, W K, Walker, R, Agoudavi, K, Siziya, S, Chifamba, J, Njelekela, M, Fourie, C M, Kruger, S, Schutte, A E, Walsh, C, Gareta, D, Kamali, A, Seeley, J, Norris, S A, Crowther, N J, Pillay, D, Kaleebu, P, Motala, A A, and Sandhu, M S

Abstract

Background:Waist circumference (WC) thresholds derived from western populations continue to be used in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) despite increasing evidence of ethnic variation in the association between adiposity and cardiometabolic disease and availability of data from African populations. We aimed to derive a SSA-specific optimal WC cut-point for identifying individuals at increased cardiometabolic risk.Methods:We used individual level cross-sectional data on 24?181 participants aged ?15 years from 17 studies conducted between 1990 and 2014 in eight countries in SSA. Receiver operating characteristic curves were used to derive optimal WC cut-points for detecting the presence of at least two components of metabolic syndrome (MS), excluding WC.Results:The optimal WC cut-point was 81.2?cm (95% CI 78.5–83.8?cm) and 81.0?cm (95% CI 79.2–82.8?cm) for men and women, respectively, with comparable accuracy in men and women. Sensitivity was higher in women (64%, 95% CI 63–65) than in men (53%, 95% CI 51–55), and increased with the prevalence of obesity. Having WC above the derived cut-point was associated with a twofold probability of having at least two components of MS (age-adjusted odds ratio 2.6, 95% CI 2.4–2.9, for men and 2.2, 95% CI 2.0–2.3, for women).Conclusion:The optimal WC cut-point for identifying men at increased cardiometabolic risk is lower (?81.2?cm) than current guidelines (?94.0?cm) recommend, and similar to that in women in SSA. Prospective studies are needed to confirm these cut-points based on cardiometabolic outcomes.

Published
2018
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31. Fruit, vegetable, and legume intake, and cardiovascular disease and deaths in 18 countries (PURE): a prospective cohort study

Author

Miller, Victoria, Mente, Andrew, Dehghan, Mahshid, Rangarajan, Sumathy, Zhang, Xiaohe, Swaminathan, Sumathi, Dagenais, Gilles, Gupta, Rajeev, Mohan, Viswanathan, Lear, Scott, Bangdiwala, Shrikant I, Schutte, Aletta E, Wentzel-Viljoen, Edelweiss, Avezum, Alvaro, Altuntas, Yuksel, Yusoff, Khalid, Ismail, Noorhassim, Peer, Nasheeta, Chifamba, Jephat, Diaz, Rafael, Rahman, Omar, Mohammadifard, Noushin, Lana, Fernando, Zatonska, Katarzyna, Wielgosz, Andreas, Yusufali, Afzalhussein, Iqbal, Romaina, Lopez-Jaramillo, Patricio, Khatib, Rasha, Rosengren, Annika, Kutty, V Raman, Li, Wei, Liu, Jiankang, Liu, Xiaoyun, Yin, Lu, Teo, Koon, Anand, Sonia, Yusuf, Salim, Diaz, R, Orlandini, A, Linetsky, B, Toscanelli, S, Casaccia, G, Cuneo, JM Maini, Rahman, O, Yusuf, R, Azad, AK, Rabbani, KA, Cherry, HM, Mannan, A, Hassan, I, Talukdar, AT, Tooheen, RB, Khan, MU, Sintaha, M, Choudhury, T, Haque, R, Parvin, S, Avezum, A, Oliveira, GB, Marcilio, CS, Mattos, AC, Teo, K, Yusuf, S, Dejesus, J, Agapay, D, Tongana, T, Solano, R, Kay, I, Trottier, S, Rimac, J, Elsheikh, W, Heldman, L, Ramezani, E, Dagenais, G, Poirier, P, Turbide, G, Auger, D, De Bluts, A LeBlanc, Proulx, MC, Cayer, M, Bonneville, N, Lear, S, Gasevic, D, Corber, E, de Jong, V, Vukmirovich, I, Wielgosz, A, Fodor, G, Pipe, A, Shane, A, Lanas, F, Seron, P, Martinez, S, Valdebenito, A, Oliveros, M, Wei, Li, Lisheng, Liu, Chunming, Chen, Xingyu, Wang, Wenhua, Zhao, Hongye, Zhang, Xuan, Jia, Bo, Hu, Yi, Sun, Jian, Bo, Xiuwen, Zhao, Xiaohong, Chang, Tao, Chen, Hui, Chen, Xiaohong, Chang, Qing, Deng, Xiaoru, Cheng, Qing, Deng, Xinye, He, Bo, Hu, Xuan, Jia, Jian, Li, Juan, Li, Xu, Liu, Bing, Ren, Yi, Sun, Wei, Wang, Yang, Wang, Jun, Yang, Yi, Zhai, Hongye, Zhang, Xiuwen, Zhao, Manlu, Zhu, Fanghong, Lu, Jianfang, Wu, Yindong, Li, Yan, Hou, Liangqing, Zhang, Baoxia, Guo, Xiaoyang, Liao, Shiying, Zhang, Rongwen, Bian, Xiuzhen, Tian, Dong, Li, Di, Chen, Jianguo, Wu, Yize, Xiao, Tianlu, Liu, Peng, Zhang, Changlin, Dong, Ning, Li, Xiaolan, Ma, Yuqing, Yang, Rensheng, Lei, Minfan, Fu, Jing, He, Yu, Liu, Xiaojie, Xing, Qiang, Zhou, Lopez-Jaramillo, P, Lopez, PA Camacho, Garcia, R, Jurado, LJA, Gómez-Arbeláez, D, Arguello, JF, Dueñas, R, Silva, S, Pradilla, LP, Ramirez, F, Molina, DI, Cure-Cure, C, Perez, M, Hernandez, E, Arcos, E, Fernandez, S, Narvaez, C, Paez, J, Sotomayor, A, Garcia, H, Sanchez, G, David, T, Rico, A, Mony, P, Vaz, M, Bharathi, A V, Swaminathan, S, Kurpad, K Shankar AV, Jayachitra, KG, Kumar, N, Hospital, HAL, Mohan, V, Deepa, M, Parthiban, K, Anitha, M, Hemavathy, S, Rahulashankiruthiyayan, T, Anitha, D, Sridevi, K, Gupta, R, Panwar, RB, Mohan, I, Rastogi, P, Rastogi, S, Bhargava, R, Kumar, R, Thakur, J S, Patro, B, Lakshmi, PVM, Mahajan, R, Chaudary, P, Kutty, V Raman, Vijayakumar, K, Ajayan, K, Rajasree, G, Renjini, AR, Deepu, A, Sandhya, B, Asha, S, Soumya, HS, Kelishadi, R, Bahonar, A, Mohammadifard, N, Heidari, H, Yusoff, K, Ismail, TST, Ng, KK, Devi, A, Nasir, NM, Yasin, MM, Miskan, M, Rahman, EA, Arsad, MKM, Ariffin, F, Razak, SA, Majid, FA, Bakar, NA, Yacob, MY, Zainon, N, Salleh, R, Ramli, MKA, Halim, NA, Norlizan, SR, Ghazali, NM, Arshad, MN, Razali, R, Ali, S, Othman, HR, Hafar, CWJCW, Pit, A, Danuri, N, Basir, F, Zahari, SNA, Abdullah, H, Arippin, MA, Zakaria, NA, Noorhassim, I, Hasni, MJ, Azmi, MT, Zaleha, MI, Hazdi, KY, Rizam, AR, Sazman, W, Azman, A, Khatib, R, Khammash, U, Khatib, A, Giacaman, R, Iqbal, R, Afridi, A, Khawaja, R, Raza, A, Kazmi, K, Zatonski, W, Szuba, A, Zatonska, K, Ilow, R, Ferus, M, Regulska-Ilow, B, Rózanska, D, Wolyniec, M, Alkamel, Ali, M, Kruger, M A, Voster, H H, Schutte, A E, Wentzel-Viljoen, E, Eloff, FC, de Ridder, H, Moss, H, Potgieter, J, Roux, AA, Watson, M, de Wet, G, Olckers, A, Jerling, JC, Pieters, M, Hoekstra, T, Puoane, T, Igumbor, E, Tsolekile, L, Sanders, D, Naidoo, P, Steyn, N, Peer, N, Mayosi, B, Rayner, B, Lambert, V, Levitt, N, Kolbe-Alexander, T, Ntyintyane, L, Hughes, G, Swart, R, Fourie, J, Muzigaba, M, Xapa, S, Gobile, N, Ndayi, K, Jwili, B, Ndibaza, K, Egbujie, B, Rosengren, A, Boström, K Bengtsson, Gustavsson, A, Andreasson, M, Snällman, M, Wirdemann, L, Oguz, A, Imeryuz, N, Altuntas, Y, Gulec, S, Temizhan, A, Karsidag, K, Calik, KBT, Akalin, AAK, Caklili, OT, Keskinler, MV, Erbakan, AN, Yusufali, AM, Almahmeed, W, Swidan, H, Darwish, EA, Hashemi, ARA, Al-Khaja, N, Muscat-Baron, JM, Ahmed, SH, Mamdouh, TM, Darwish, WM, Abdelmotagali, MHS, Awed, SA Omer, Movahedi, GA, Hussain, F, Al Shaibani, H, Gharabou, RIM, Youssef, DF, Nawati, AZS, Salah, ZAR Abu, Abdalla, RFE, Al Shuwaihi, SM, Al Omairi, MA, Cadigal, OD, Alejandrino, R.S., Chifamba, J, Gwaunza, L, Terera, G, Mahachi, C, Murambiwa, P, Machiweni, T, and Mapanga, R

Abstract

The association between intake of fruits, vegetables, and legumes with cardiovascular disease and deaths has been investigated extensively in Europe, the USA, Japan, and China, but little or no data are available from the Middle East, South America, Africa, or south Asia.

Published
2017
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32. Associations of fats and carbohydrate intake with cardiovascular disease and mortality in 18 countries from five continents (PURE): a prospective cohort study

Author

Dehghan, Mahshid, Mente, Andrew, Zhang, Xiaohe, Swaminathan, Sumathi, Li, Wei, Mohan, Viswanathan, Iqbal, Romaina, Kumar, Rajesh, Wentzel-Viljoen, Edelweiss, Rosengren, Annika, Amma, Leela Itty, Avezum, Alvaro, Chifamba, Jephat, Diaz, Rafael, Khatib, Rasha, Lear, Scott, Lopez-Jaramillo, Patricio, Liu, Xiaoyun, Gupta, Rajeev, Mohammadifard, Noushin, Gao, Nan, Oguz, Aytekin, Ramli, Anis Safura, Seron, Pamela, Sun, Yi, Szuba, Andrzej, Tsolekile, Lungiswa, Wielgosz, Andreas, Yusuf, Rita, Hussein Yusufali, Afzal, Teo, Koon K, Rangarajan, Sumathy, Dagenais, Gilles, Bangdiwala, Shrikant I, Islam, Shofiqul, Anand, Sonia S, Yusuf, Salim, Diaz, R, Orlandini, A, Linetsky, B, Toscanelli, S, Casaccia, G, Cuneo, JM Maini, Rahman, O, Yusuf, R, Azad, AK, Rabbani, KA, Cherry, HM, Mannan, A, Hassan, I, Talukdar, AT, Tooheen, RB, Khan, MU, Sintaha, M, Choudhury, T, Haque, R, Parvin, S, Avezum, A, Oliveira, GB, Marcilio, CS, Mattos, AC, Teo, K, Yusuf, S, Dejesus, J, Agapay, D, Tongana, T, Solano, R, Kay, I, Trottier, S, Rimac, J, Elsheikh, W, Heldman, L, Ramezani, E, Dagenais, G, Poirier, P, Turbide, G, Auger, D, De Bluts, A LeBlanc, Proulx, MC, Cayer, M, Bonneville, N, Lear, S, Gasevic, D, Corber, E, de Jong, V, Vukmirovich, I, Wielgosz, A, Fodor, G, Pipe, A, Shane, A, Lanas, F, Seron, P, Martinez, S, Valdebenito, A, Oliveros, M, Wei, Li, Lisheng, Liu, Chunming, Chen, Xingyu, Wang, Wenhua, Zhao, Hongye, Zhang, Xuan, Jia, Bo, Hu, Yi, Sun, Jian, Bo, Xiuwen, Zhao, Xiaohong, Chang, Tao, Chen, Hui, Chen, Xiaohong, Chang, Qing, Deng, Xiaoru, Cheng, Qing, Deng, Xinye, He, Bo, Hu, Xuan, Jia, Jian, Li, Juan, Li, Xu, Liu, Bing, Ren, Yi, Sun, Wei, Wang, Yang, Wang, Jun, Yang, Yi, Zhai, Hongye, Zhang, Xiuwen, Zhao, Manlu, Zhu, Fanghong, Lu, Jianfang, Wu, Yindong, Li, Yan, Hou, Liangqing, Zhang, Baoxia, Guo, Xiaoyang, Liao, Shiying, Zhang, Rongwen, Bian, Xiuzhen, Tian, Dong, Li, Di, Chen, Jianguo, Wu, Yize, Xiao, Tianlu, Liu, Peng, Zhang, Changlin, Dong, Ning, Li, Xiaolan, Ma, Yuqing, Yang, Rensheng, Lei, Minfan, Fu, Jing, He, Yu, Liu, Xiaojie, Xing, Qiang, Zhou, Lopez-Jaramillo, P, Lopez, PA Camacho, Garcia, R, Jurado, LJA, Gómez-Arbeláez, D, Arguello, JF, Dueñas, R, Silva, S, Pradilla, LP, Ramirez, F, Molina, DI, Cure-Cure, C, Perez, M, Hernandez, E, Arcos, E, Fernandez, S, Narvaez, C, Paez, J, Sotomayor, A, Garcia, H, Sanchez, G, David, T, Rico, A, Mony, P, Vaz, M, Bharathi, A V, Swaminathan, S, Kurpad, K Shankar AV, Jayachitra, KG, Kumar, N, Hospital, HAL, Mohan, V, Deepa, M, Parthiban, K, Anitha, M, Hemavathy, S, Rahulashankiruthiyayan, T, Anitha, D, Sridevi, K, Gupta, R, Panwar, RB, Mohan, I, Rastogi, P, Rastogi, S, Bhargava, R, Kumar, R, Thakur, J S, Patro, B, Lakshmi, PVM, Mahajan, R, Chaudary, P, Kutty, V Raman, Vijayakumar, K, Ajayan, K, Rajasree, G, Renjini, AR, Deepu, A, Sandhya, B, Asha, S, Soumya, HS, Kelishadi, R, Bahonar, A, Mohammadifard, N, Heidari, H, Yusoff, K, Ismail, TST, Ng, KK, Devi, A, Nasir, NM, Yasin, MM, Miskan, M, Rahman, EA, Arsad, MKM, Ariffin, F, Razak, SA, Majid, FA, Bakar, NA, Yacob, MY, Zainon, N, Salleh, R, Ramli, MKA, Halim, NA, Norlizan, SR, Ghazali, NM, Arshad, MN, Razali, R, Ali, S, Othman, HR, Hafar, CWJCW, Pit, A, Danuri, N, Basir, F, Zahari, SNA, Abdullah, H, Arippin, MA, Zakaria, NA, Noorhassim, I, Hasni, MJ, Azmi, MT, Zaleha, MI, Hazdi, KY, Rizam, AR, Sazman, W, Azman, A, Khatib, R, Khammash, U, Khatib, A, Giacaman, R, Iqbal, R, Afridi, A, Khawaja, R, Raza, A, Kazmi, K, Zatonski, W, Szuba, A, Zatonska, K, Ilow, R, Ferus, M, Regulska-Ilow, B, Rózanska, D, Wolyniec, M, Alkamel, Ali, M, Kruger, M A, Voster, H H, Schutte, A E, Wentzel-Viljoen, E, Eloff, FC, de Ridder, H, Moss, H, Potgieter, J, Roux, AA, Watson, M, de Wet, G, Olckers, A, Jerling, JC, Pieters, M, Hoekstra, T, Puoane, T, Igumbor, E, Tsolekile, L, Sanders, D, Naidoo, P, Steyn, N, Peer, N, Mayosi, B, Rayner, B, Lambert, V, Levitt, N, Kolbe-Alexander, T, Ntyintyane, L, Hughes, G, Swart, R, Fourie, J, Muzigaba, M, Xapa, S, Gobile, N, Ndayi, K, Jwili, B, Ndibaza, K, Egbujie, B, Rosengren, A, Boström, K Bengtsson, Gustavsson, A, Andreasson, M, Snällman, M, Wirdemann, L, Oguz, A, Imeryuz, N, Altuntas, Y, Gulec, S, Temizhan, A, Karsidag, K, Calik, KBT, Akalin, AAK, Caklili, OT, Keskinler, MV, Erbakan, AN, Yusufali, AM, Almahmeed, W, Swidan, H, Darwish, EA, Hashemi, ARA, Al-Khaja, N, Muscat-Baron, JM, Ahmed, SH, Mamdouh, TM, Darwish, WM, Abdelmotagali, MHS, Awed, SA Omer, Movahedi, GA, Hussain, F, Al Shaibani, H, Gharabou, RIM, Youssef, DF, Nawati, AZS, Salah, ZAR Abu, Abdalla, RFE, Al Shuwaihi, SM, Al Omairi, MA, Cadigal, OD, Alejandrino, R.S., Chifamba, J, Gwaunza, L, Terera, G, Mahachi, C, Murambiwa, P, Machiweni, T, and Mapanga, R

Abstract

The relationship between macronutrients and cardiovascular disease and mortality is controversial. Most available data are from European and North American populations where nutrition excess is more likely, so their applicability to other populations is unclear.

Published
2017
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33. The nutritional intake of undergraduates at the University of Zimbabwe College of Health Sciences

Author

Cooper, R.G., Chifamba, J., Cooper, R.G., and Chifamba, J.

Abstract

In developing countries the cost of treating disease is much more than prevention and so there is now a lot of interest in understanding nutrition. In this pilot study we selected a cohort of pre-clinical students studying at the College of Health Sciences in the University of Zimbabwe. This study was carried to investigate the gender-based weekly consumption of different food categories amongst University of Zimbabwe students. Semi-structured questionnaires distributed to 100 undergraduate students (male= 47; female= 52). The proportion of male and female respondents, age and body weight did not differ significantly. Principal foods consumed by males included sadza and cerevita; naartjies, bananas and avocado pears; tomatoes, onions, covo and spinach; beef; and condensed milk and powdered milk occupied the larger proportions. Females frequently ate a lot of bread, cerevita, sadza and cereal; lemons and avocado pears; onions, tomatoes, rape and covo; beef and soya meat; creamer, powdered milk and milk. This study suggests that females consumed a greater variety of food, including the infrequent types by comparison with men.

Published
2009

36. The development and commissioning of a commercial treatment plant for stibnite concentrate containing gold from a midlands mine in Zimbabwe.

Author

Furusa W., Extraction metallurgy Africa '98 Johannesburg, South Africa 05-Nov-9806-Nov-98, Chifamba J., Furusa W., Extraction metallurgy Africa '98 Johannesburg, South Africa 05-Nov-9806-Nov-98, and Chifamba J.

Abstract

Following testwork, in 1996 Homestake Mining decided to build a 5 tonne/d plant to recover the 9 000 oz of gold and 1 300 tonnes of antimony in a 3 500 tonne stockpile of refractory stibnite concentrate unamenable to cyanidation from the Anzac mine in Zimbabwe. Following commissioning problems and the resulting downscaling, described, the mine now treats 3.5 tonnes per day. The process involves a double-stage countercurrent caustic soda hot leach in thermally lagged and electrically heated reactors interspaced with solid-liquid separation in Ultraseps to remove dissolved antimony. The final leach residue is thoroughly washed to remove dissolved antimony, which can interfere with gold cyanidation. Testwork on the cyanide and caustic leaches and on electrolytic antimony recovery are described. Six months' operating data show that after 50% antimony dissolution about 71% of the gold is recovered in the cyanide leach circuit and another 5% is recovered in the caustic leach with the antimony. Costs and ROI period are given. The second phase of the project involves the design of a 15 tonne/month antimony electrowinning plant to treat stockpiled antimonial liquor at a metallurgical recovery of 90%., Following testwork, in 1996 Homestake Mining decided to build a 5 tonne/d plant to recover the 9 000 oz of gold and 1 300 tonnes of antimony in a 3 500 tonne stockpile of refractory stibnite concentrate unamenable to cyanidation from the Anzac mine in Zimbabwe. Following commissioning problems and the resulting downscaling, described, the mine now treats 3.5 tonnes per day. The process involves a double-stage countercurrent caustic soda hot leach in thermally lagged and electrically heated reactors interspaced with solid-liquid separation in Ultraseps to remove dissolved antimony. The final leach residue is thoroughly washed to remove dissolved antimony, which can interfere with gold cyanidation. Testwork on the cyanide and caustic leaches and on electrolytic antimony recovery are described. Six months' operating data show that after 50% antimony dissolution about 71% of the gold is recovered in the cyanide leach circuit and another 5% is recovered in the caustic leach with the antimony. Costs and ROI period are given. The second phase of the project involves the design of a 15 tonne/month antimony electrowinning plant to treat stockpiled antimonial liquor at a metallurgical recovery of 90%.

Published
1998

39. Inequalities in the use of secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease by socioeconomic status: evidence from the PURE observational study

Author

Murphy, A., Palafox, B., O Donnell, O., Stuckler, D., Perel, P., Alhabib, K. F., Avezum, A., Bai, X., Chifamba, J., Chow, C. K., Corsi, D. J., Dagenais, G. R., Dans, A. L., Diaz, R., Erbakan, A. N., Ismail, N., Iqbal, R., Kelishadi, R., Khatib, R., Lanas, F., Lear, S. A., Li, W., Liu, J., Lopez-Jaramillo, P., Mohan, V., Monsef, N., Mony, P. K., Puoane, T., Rangarajan, S., Rosengren, A., Schutte, A. E., Sintaha, M., Teo, K. K., Wielgosz, A., Yeates, K., Yin, L., Yusoff, K., Zato Ska, K., Yusuf, S., Martin McKee, and Applied Economics

Subjects
Adult, Male, Rural Population, Urban Population, MEDICINE, lcsh:Public aspects of medicine, CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE, lcsh:RA1-1270, Middle Aged, Global Health, Article, Social Class, Socioeconomic Factors, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, Cardiovascular Diseases, MEDICINE , INEQUALITIES, CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE, Secondary Prevention, Income, INEQUALITIES, Humans, Female, Prospective Studies, Healthcare Disparities, Developing Countries, Poverty
Abstract

Summary: Background: There is little evidence on the use of secondary prevention medicines for cardiovascular disease by socioeconomic groups in countries at different levels of economic development. Methods: We assessed use of antiplatelet, cholesterol, and blood-pressure-lowering drugs in 8492 individuals with self-reported cardiovascular disease from 21 countries enrolled in the Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology (PURE) study. Defining one or more drugs as a minimal level of secondary prevention, wealth-related inequality was measured using the Wagstaff concentration index, scaled from −1 (pro-poor) to 1 (pro-rich), standardised by age and sex. Correlations between inequalities and national health-related indicators were estimated. Findings: The proportion of patients with cardiovascular disease on three medications ranged from 0% in South Africa (95% CI 0–1·7), Tanzania (0–3·6), and Zimbabwe (0–5·1), to 49·3% in Canada (44·4–54·3). Proportions receiving at least one drug varied from 2·0% (95% CI 0·5–6·9) in Tanzania to 91·4% (86·6–94·6) in Sweden. There was significant (p

40. Deriving an optimal threshold of waist circumference for detecting cardiometabolic risk in sub-Saharan Africa

Author

Ekoru, K, Murphy, GAV, Young, EH, Delisle, H, Jerome, CS, Assah, F, Longo-Mbenza, B, Nzambi, JPD, On'Kin, JBK, Buntix, F, Muyer, MC, Christensen, DL, Wesseh, CS, Sabir, A, Okafor, C, Gezawa, ID, Puepet, F, Enang, O, Raimi, T, Ohwovoriole, E, Oladapo, OO, Bovet, P, Mollentze, W, Unwin, N, Gray, WK, Walker, R, Agoudavi, K, Siziya, S, Chifamba, J, Njelekela, M, Fourie, CM, Kruger, S, Schutte, AE, Walsh, C, Gareta, D, Kamali, A, Seeley, J, Norris, SA, Crowther, NJ, Pillay, D, Kaleebu, P, Motala, AA, and Sandhu, MS

Subjects
Clinical, Clinical Research, Prevention, Public Health, Obesity, 3. Good health, 1117 Public Health and Health Services, Nutrition
Abstract

BACKGROUND: Waist circumference (WC) thresholds derived from western populations continue to be used in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) despite increasing evidence of ethnic variation in the association between adiposity and cardiometabolic disease and availability of data from African populations. We aimed to derive a SSA-specific optimal WC cut-point for identifying individuals at increased cardiometabolic risk. METHODS: We used individual level cross-sectional data on 24 181 participants aged ⩾15 years from 17 studies conducted between 1990 and 2014 in eight countries in SSA. Receiver operating characteristic curves were used to derive optimal WC cut-points for detecting the presence of at least two components of metabolic syndrome (MS), excluding WC. RESULTS: The optimal WC cut-point was 81.2 cm (95% CI 78.5-83.8 cm) and 81.0 cm (95% CI 79.2-82.8 cm) for men and women, respectively, with comparable accuracy in men and women. Sensitivity was higher in women (64%, 95% CI 63-65) than in men (53%, 95% CI 51-55), and increased with the prevalence of obesity. Having WC above the derived cut-point was associated with a twofold probability of having at least two components of MS (age-adjusted odds ratio 2.6, 95% CI 2.4-2.9, for men and 2.2, 95% CI 2.0-2.3, for women). CONCLUSION: The optimal WC cut-point for identifying men at increased cardiometabolic risk is lower (⩾81.2 cm) than current guidelines (⩾94.0 cm) recommend, and similar to that in women in SSA. Prospective studies are needed to confirm these cut-points based on cardiometabolic outcomes.International Journal of Obesity advance online publication, 31 October 2017; doi:10.1038/ijo.2017.240.

41. Reductive decomposition of galena (PbS) using Cr(II) ionic species in an aqueous chloride medium for silver (Ag) recovery.

Author

Gudyanga F.P., Chifamba J., Mahlangu T., Simbi D.J., Gudyanga F.P., Chifamba J., Mahlangu T., and Simbi D.J.

Abstract

An investigation showed that the reductive leaching process depended strongly on pH. The leaching of galena at pH values below 0.43 proceeded via both chemical and electrochemical paths, with the electrochemical contribution to the reductive decomposition reaction less significant. Increasing the temperature to above 90 degrees C enhanced the reaction kinetics of the leaching process considerably. Diffusion control was operative in the temperature range 70-105 degrees C, at which an activation energy value of 18.8 kJ/mol was determined. Subsequent to the reductive decomposition of the sulphidic matrix, silver recoveries of up to 95% were achieved in cyanide solutions. Recovery of 85% of lead was achieved by first digesting the lead-containing residue and then chilling the pregnant liquor to temperatures below 10 degrees C, so as to crystallise lead nitrate., An investigation showed that the reductive leaching process depended strongly on pH. The leaching of galena at pH values below 0.43 proceeded via both chemical and electrochemical paths, with the electrochemical contribution to the reductive decomposition reaction less significant. Increasing the temperature to above 90 degrees C enhanced the reaction kinetics of the leaching process considerably. Diffusion control was operative in the temperature range 70-105 degrees C, at which an activation energy value of 18.8 kJ/mol was determined. Subsequent to the reductive decomposition of the sulphidic matrix, silver recoveries of up to 95% were achieved in cyanide solutions. Recovery of 85% of lead was achieved by first digesting the lead-containing residue and then chilling the pregnant liquor to temperatures below 10 degrees C, so as to crystallise lead nitrate.

42. Reductive-oxidative pretreatment of a stibnite flotation concentrate: thermodynamic and kinetic considerations.

Author

Gudyanga F.P., Chifamba J., Mahlangu T., Simbi D.J., Gudyanga F.P., Chifamba J., Mahlangu T., and Simbi D.J.

Abstract

An investigation was carried out into the thermodynamics and kinetics of reductively decomposing refractory stibnite in a concentrate from Anzac mine, Zimbabwe, grading 67.9% Sb2S3, 1.4% pyrite, 1.8% arsenopyrite and 0.4% chalcopyrite. The concentrate was preheated, purged with nitrogen and decomposed in an acidified solution of Cr(II) ions in a chloride medium, for recovery of gold. Well over 80% of the stibnite was reduced to Sb and H2S, the extent of reduction depending on pH and reductant concentration. The contrasting temperature sensitivity above and below 90 degrees C suggested two rate-controlling modes: diffusion in the range 60-90 degrees C and chemical reaction above 90 degrees C. Less than 16% of gold was liberated, but a sequential reductive-oxidative pretreatment achieved 90% gold liberation, suggesting that the gold may be in submicroscopic form or in solid solution as aurostibnite., An investigation was carried out into the thermodynamics and kinetics of reductively decomposing refractory stibnite in a concentrate from Anzac mine, Zimbabwe, grading 67.9% Sb2S3, 1.4% pyrite, 1.8% arsenopyrite and 0.4% chalcopyrite. The concentrate was preheated, purged with nitrogen and decomposed in an acidified solution of Cr(II) ions in a chloride medium, for recovery of gold. Well over 80% of the stibnite was reduced to Sb and H2S, the extent of reduction depending on pH and reductant concentration. The contrasting temperature sensitivity above and below 90 degrees C suggested two rate-controlling modes: diffusion in the range 60-90 degrees C and chemical reaction above 90 degrees C. Less than 16% of gold was liberated, but a sequential reductive-oxidative pretreatment achieved 90% gold liberation, suggesting that the gold may be in submicroscopic form or in solid solution as aurostibnite.

43. Glycemic Index, Glycemic Load, and Cardiovascular Disease and Mortality.

Author

Jenkins, D. J. A., Dehghan, M., Mente, A., Bangdiwala, S. I., Rangarajan, S., Srichaikul, K., Mohan, V., Avezum, A., Diaz, R., Rosengren, A., Lanas, F., Lopez-Jaramillo, P., Li, W., Oguz, A., Khatib, R., Poirier, P., Mohammadifard, N., Pepe, A., Alhabib, K. F., and Chifamba, J.

Subjects
*GLYCEMIC index, *LOW-income countries, *MIDDLE-income countries, *CONSUMPTION (Economics), CARDIOVASCULAR disease related mortality
Abstract

BACKGROUND Most data regarding the association between the glycemic index and cardiovascular disease come from high-income Western populations, with little information from non-Western countries with low or middle incomes. To fill this gap, data are needed from a large, geographically diverse population. METHODS This analysis includes 137,851 participants between the ages of 35 and 70 years living on five continents, with a median follow-up of 9.5 years. We used country- specific food-frequency questionnaires to determine dietary intake and estimated the glycemic index and glycemic load on the basis of the consumption of seven categories of carbohydrate foods. We calculated hazard ratios using multivariable Cox frailty models. The primary outcome was a composite of a major cardiovascular event (cardiovascular death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, stroke, and heart failure) or death from any cause. RESULTS In the study population, 8780 deaths and 8252 major cardiovascular events occurred during the follow-up period. After performing extensive adjustments comparing the lowest and highest glycemic-index quintiles, we found that a diet with a high glycemic index was associated with an increased risk of a major cardiovascular event or death, both among participants with preexisting cardiovascular disease (hazard ratio, 1.51; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.25 to 1.82) and among those without such disease (hazard ratio, 1.21; 95% CI, 1.11 to 1.34). Among the components of the primary outcome, a high glycemic index was also associated with an increased risk of death from cardiovascular causes. The results with respect to glycemic load were similar to the findings regarding the glycemic index among the participants with cardiovascular disease at baseline, but the association was not significant among those without preexisting cardiovascular disease. CONCLUSIONS In this study, a diet with a high glycemic index was associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and death. (Funded by the Population Health Research Institute and others.). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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44. May Measurement Month 2019: The Global Blood Pressure Screening Campaign of the International Society of Hypertension

Author

Beaney, Thomas, Schutte, Aletta E, Stergiou, George S, Borghi, Claudio, Burger, Dylan, Charchar, Fadi, Cro, Suzie, Diaz, Alejandro, Damasceno, Albertino, Espeche, Walter, Jose, Arun Pulikkottil, Khan, Nadia, Kokubo, Yoshihiro, Maheshwari, Anuj, Marin, Marcos J, More, Arun, Neupane, Dinesh, Nilsson, Peter, Patil, Mansi, Prabhakaran, Dorairaj, Ramirez, Agustin, Rodriguez, Pablo, Schlaich, Markus, Steckelings, Ulrike M, Tomaszewski, Maciej, Unger, Thomas, Wainford, Richard, Wang, Jiguang, Williams, Bryan, Poulter, Neil R, Michael H Olsen, Kristin T West-Gustave, Phillip D Levy, Vivian W. Y. Lee, Kenneth L Connell, Naima N. H. Hammoudi, Pascal Bovet, Bharathi Viswanathan, Sabine Perl, Bernard K Kramer, Adrian J. B. Brady, Olulola O Oladapo, Jephat Chifamba, Dejuma Y Goshu, Desalew M Kassie, Sintayehu A Gebru, Toure A Ibrahim, Soumana Kabirou, Elham Tavassoli, Mahsa Zolfaghari, Vahideh Yavari, Larysa Mishchenko, Olena Matova, Tetiana Kolenyk, Liliiya Zelenenka, Sergiy Fedorov, Maria Dorobantu, Alexandra Paval, Jesse Bittman, Biri Mangat, Sarah Melville, Alexander Leung, Neusa Jessen, Eamon Dolan, Hiroshi N. A. Itoh, Atul Pathak, Tine L. M. De Backer, Arman S Postadzhiyan, Osiris V Valoy-Tiburcio, Angel R Gonzalez-Medina, Laura G Valdez-Valoy, Fernando S Wyss, Erkin Mirrakhimov, Sunil K Nadar, Ana I Barrientos, Chukwuemeka R Nwokocha, Magdalene I Nwokocha, Dean Picone, Jun Yang, Yook C Chia, Siew M Ching, Bertrand F Ellenga Mbolla, Christian M Kouala Landa, Corine Y Houehanou, Kolawole W Wahab, Ayodele B Omotoso, Jose Ortellado, Graciela Gonzales, Luis M Ruilope, Enrique Rodilla, Ana Molinero, Angela J Woodiwiss, Ane Orchard, Ruan Kruger, Jana Brguljan, Nina Bozic, Aleksandra O Konradi, Oxana P Rotar, Irian Chazova, Tiny K Masupe, John T Tlhakanelo, Keneilwe Motlhatlhedi, George Stergiou, Michalis Doumas, Pantelis Zebekakis, Francesco P Cappuccio, Carolina Barciela, Tricia Tay, Naranjargal Dashdorj, Khulan Tuvdendarjaa, Khatantuul Boldbaatar, Fernando T Lanas, Melanie Paccot, Mohammed Ishaq, Saulat Sidique, Feroz Memon, Robert N Najem, Ali K Abu Alfa, Samir M. J. Mallat, Jacek J Jozwiak, Maciej Banach, Piotr Janowski, Betty Twumasi-Ankrah, Gustavus A Myers-Hansen, Elliot K Tannor, Marisa F Neto, Sudhirsen Kowlessur, Bhooshun Ori, Jaysing Heecharan, Hatem A Fageh, Hawa A Derbi, Omara M Msalam, Fastone M Goma, Charity Syatalimi, Penias Jr Tembo, Musawa Mukupa, Henry L Ndhlovu, Maureen L Chirwa, Mary M Mbeba, Parounak H Zelveian, Zoya N Hakobyan, Svetlana Gourgenyan, Myeong-Chan Cho, Hae-Young Lee, Jinho Shin, Gianfranco Parati, Guido Grassi, Claudio Ferri, Bezhan Tsinamdzgvrishvili, Amiran Gamkrelidze, Dali Trapaidze, Eduardo C. D. Barbosa, Weimar S Barroso, Audes M Feitosa, Vanda M Azevedo, Luis A Dias, Glenda N Garcia, Isaulina Delgado, Genc Burazeri, Gentiana Qirjako, Alban Ylli, Rudina Cumashi, Antonieta P Costantini-Olmos, Igor Morr, Elias Chuki, Tzung-Dau Wang, Wen-Jone Chen, Hung-Ju Lin, Fazila-Tun-Nesa Malik, Sohel R Choudhury, Mohammad Abdullah Al Mamun, Mir Ishraquzzaman, Ghadeer S Aljuraiban, Fatima Y Al Slail, Shatha K Aldhwailea, Ann A Badawi, Nguyen L Viet, Hoang A Tien, Nguyen T. A. Dong, Cao T Sinh, Huynh V Minh, Tran K Son, Fortunat K Katamba, Nathan B Buila, Anastase Dzudie, Samuel Kingue, Njume Epie, Armel Njomou, Marie S Ndom, Afzalhussein M Yusufali, Nooshin M Bazargani, Buthaina A. Bin Belaila, Amrish Agrawal, Aisha M Suhail, Elijah N Ogola, Bernard M Gitura, Lilian Mbau, Hellen K Nguchu, Felix A Barasa, Enrique Gomez, Luis A Alcocer, Martin Rosas, Silvia Palomo, Alfredo J Estrada, Patricio Lopez-Jaramillo, Gregorio Sanchez-Vallejo, Maria E Casanova, Edgar Arcos, Gustavo Aroca, Bhagawan Koirala, Harikrishna Bhattarai, Ghanashyam Pandey, Surya Devkota, Sweta Koirala, Kamal Ranabhat, Pratik Khanal, Tara B Adhikari, Dolores D Bonzon, Deborah Ignacia D Ona, Leilani M Asis, Benjamin A Balmores Jr, Rafael C Castillo, Diego J Stisman, Walter G Espeche, Marcos J Marin, Irene L Ennis, Xin Chen, Hongyu Wang, Min Liu, Xinhua Yin, Xiaolong Wang, Sandeep Bhalla, Priyanka Gupta, Narsingh Verma, Bal K Gupta, Shehla Sheikh, Gregoire Wuerzner, Laura Garré, José Boggia, Dédonougbo M Houenassi, José A OctavioSeijas, Jean-René M'buyamba-Kabangu, Trésor M Tshiswaka, Dénes Páll, Zoltán Járai, Rafael Hernández, Fortunato Garcia Vásquez, Jesús A Lopez-Rivera, Monica L Gúzman-Franolic, Savarino Victoria Pereira, Mário J Fernandes, Maria S Garcia, Teresa Gijon, Vitoria V. B. Meira Da Cunha, Beaney T, Schutte AE, Stergiou GS, Borghi C, Burger D, Charchar F, Cro S, Diaz A, Damasceno A, Espeche W, Jose AP, Khan N, Kokubo Y, Maheshwari A, Marin MJ, More A, Neupane D, Nilsson P, Patil M, Prabhakaran D, Ramirez A, Rodriguez P, Schlaich M, Steckelings UM, Tomaszewski M, Unger T, Wainford R, Wang J, Williams B, Poulter NR, Thomas, B, Aletta E, S, George S, S, Claudio, B, Dylan, B, Fadi, C, Suzie, C, Alejandro, D, Albertino, D, Walter, E, Arun Pulikkottil, J, Nadia, K, Yoshihiro, K, Anuj, M, Marcos J, M, Arun, M, Dinesh, N, Peter, N, Mansi, P, Dorairaj, P, Agustin, R, Pablo, R, Markus, S, Ulrike M, S, Maciej, T, Thomas, U, Richard, W, Jiguang, W, Bryan, W, Neil R, P, H Olsen, M, T West-Gustave, K, D Levy, P, Lee, V, L Connell, K, Hammoudi, N, Bovet, P, Viswanathan, B, Perl, S, K Kramer, B, Brady, A, O Oladapo, O, Chifamba, J, Y Goshu, D, M Kassie, D, A Gebru, S, A Ibrahim, T, Kabirou, S, Tavassoli, E, Zolfaghari, M, Yavari, V, Mishchenko, L, Matova, O, Kolenyk, T, Zelenenka, L, Fedorov, S, Dorobantu, M, Paval, A, Bittman, J, Mangat, B, Melville, S, Leung, A, Jessen, N, Dolan, E, Itoh, H, Pathak, A, De Backer, T, S Postadzhiyan, A, V Valoy-Tiburcio, O, R Gonzalez-Medina, A, G Valdez-Valoy, L, S Wyss, F, Mirrakhimov, E, K Nadar, S, I Barrientos, A, R Nwokocha, C, I Nwokocha, M, Picone, D, Yang, J, C Chia, Y, M Ching, S, F Ellenga Mbolla, B, M Kouala Landa, C, Y Houehanou, C, W Wahab, K, B Omotoso, A, Ortellado, J, Gonzales, G, M Ruilope, L, Rodilla, E, Molinero, A, J Woodiwiss, A, Orchard, A, Kruger, R, Brguljan, J, Bozic, N, O Konradi, A, P Rotar, O, Chazova, I, K Masupe, T, T Tlhakanelo, J, Motlhatlhedi, K, Stergiou, G, Doumas, M, Zebekakis, P, P Cappuccio, F, Barciela, C, Tay, T, Dashdorj, N, Tuvdendarjaa, K, Boldbaatar, K, T Lanas, F, Paccot, M, Ishaq, M, Sidique, S, Memon, F, N Najem, R, K Abu Alfa, A, Mallat, S, J Jozwiak, J, Banach, M, Janowski, P, Twumasi-Ankrah, B, A Myers-Hansen, G, K Tannor, E, F Neto, M, Kowlessur, S, Ori, B, Heecharan, J, A Fageh, H, A Derbi, H, M Msalam, O, M Goma, F, Syatalimi, C, Jr Tembo, P, Mukupa, M, L Ndhlovu, H, L Chirwa, M, M Mbeba, M, H Zelveian, P, N Hakobyan, Z, Gourgenyan, S, Cho, M, Lee, H, Shin, J, Parati, G, Grassi, G, Ferri, C, Tsinamdzgvrishvili, B, Gamkrelidze, A, Trapaidze, D, Barbosa, E, S Barroso, W, M Feitosa, A, M Azevedo, V, A Dias, L, N Garcia, G, Delgado, I, Burazeri, G, Qirjako, G, Ylli, A, Cumashi, R, P Costantini-Olmos, A, Morr, I, Chuki, E, Wang, T, Chen, W, Lin, H, Malik, F, R Choudhury, S, Abdullah Al Mamun, M, Ishraquzzaman, M, S Aljuraiban, G, Y Al Slail, F, K Aldhwailea, S, A Badawi, A, L Viet, N, A Tien, H, Dong, N, T Sinh, C, V Minh, H, K Son, T, K Katamba, F, B Buila, N, Dzudie, A, Kingue, S, Epie, N, Njomou, A, S Ndom, M, M Yusufali, A, M Bazargani, N, Bin Belaila, B, Agrawal, A, M Suhail, A, N Ogola, E, M Gitura, B, Mbau, L, K Nguchu, H, A Barasa, F, Gomez, E, A Alcocer, L, Rosas, M, Palomo, S, J Estrada, A, Lopez-Jaramillo, P, Sanchez-Vallejo, G, E Casanova, M, Arcos, E, Aroca, G, Koirala, B, Bhattarai, H, Pandey, G, Devkota, S, Koirala, S, Ranabhat, K, Khanal, P, B Adhikari, T, D Bonzon, D, D Ona, D, M Asis, L, A Balmores Jr, B, C Castillo, R, J Stisman, D, G Espeche, W, J Marin, M, L Ennis, I, Chen, X, Wang, H, Liu, M, Yin, X, Wang, X, Bhalla, S, Gupta, P, Verma, N, K Gupta, B, Sheikh, S, Wuerzner, G, Garré, L, Boggia, J, M Houenassi, D, A OctavioSeijas, J, M'buyamba-Kabangu, J, M Tshiswaka, T, Páll, D, Járai, Z, Hernández, R, Garcia Vásquez, F, A Lopez-Rivera, J, L Gúzman-Franolic, M, Victoria Pereira, S, J Fernandes, M, S Garcia, M, Gijon, T, Meira Da Cunha, V, and RS: CARIM other

Subjects
Male, Population level, Comorbidity, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, 0302 clinical medicine, Prevalence, adults, Medicine, Mass Screening, awareness, 030212 general & internal medicine, 1102 Cardiorespiratory Medicine and Haematology, Aged, 80 and over, Aspirin, treatment, adults, awareness, blood pressure, hypertension, risk factor, screening, treatment, blood pressure, Middle Aged, Lifestyle factors, risk factor, Female, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, medicine.drug, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, hypertension, Adolescent, awarene, Opportunistic Sampling, Elevated blood, 1117 Public Health and Health Services, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, Internal Medicine, Humans, Risk factor, Antihypertensive Agents, Aged, Science & Technology, business.industry, screening, Blood Pressure Determination, 1103 Clinical Sciences, Mean blood pressure, Blood pressure, Peripheral Vascular Disease, Cardiovascular System & Hematology, Emergency medicine, Cardiovascular System & Cardiology, business, MMM Investigators
Abstract

Elevated blood pressure remains the single biggest risk factor contributing to the global burden of disease and mortality. May Measurement Month is an annual global screening campaign aiming to improve awareness of blood pressure at the individual and population level. Adults ({greater than or equal to}18 years) recruited through opportunistic sampling were screened at sites in 92 countries during May 2019. Ideally three blood pressure readings were measured for each participant, and data on lifestyle factors and co-morbidities were collected. Hypertension was defined as a systolic BP {greater than or equal to} 140 mmHg, and/or a diastolic BP {greater than or equal to} 90 mmHg (mean of the second and third readings) or taking antihypertensive medication. When necessary, multiple imputation was used to estimate participants' mean blood pressure. Mixed-effects models were used to evaluate associations between blood pressure and participant characteristics. Of 1,508,130 screenees 482,273 (32.0%) had never had a blood pressure measurement before and 513,337 (34.0%) had hypertension, of whom 58.7% were aware and 54.7% were on antihypertensive medication. Of those on medication, 57.8% were controlled to

Published
2020

45. May Measurement Month 2017: an analysis of blood pressure screening results worldwide

Author

Thomas Beaney, Aletta E Schutte, Maciej Tomaszewski, Cono Ariti, Louise M Burrell, Rafael R Castillo, Fadi J Charchar, Albertino Damasceno, Ruan Kruger, Daniel T Lackland, Peter M Nilsson, Dorairaj Prabhakaran, Agustin J Ramirez, Markus P Schlaich, Jiguang Wang, Michael A Weber, Neil R Poulter, C Napiza-Granada, Ma. RC Sevilla, AA Atilano, DID Ona, A More, AP Jose, A Maheshwari, D Kondal, W Yu, W Li, S Xu, J Yu, H Zhang, B Widyantoro, Y Turana, TD Situmorang, Y Sofiatin, R Barack, H-J Lin, T-D Wang, W-J Chen, Y Sirenko, O Evstigneeva, E Negresku, ME Yousif, SA Medani, HM Beheiry, IA Ali, JM Zilberman, MJ Marin, PD Rodriguez, F Garcia-Vasquez, KE Kramoh, D Ekoua, P Lopez-Jaramillo, J Otero, G Sanchez, C Narvaez, JL Accini, R Hernandez-Hernandez, JA Octavio, I Morr, J Lopez-Rivera, D Ojji, A Arije, A Babatunte, KW Wahab, M Fernandes, SV Pereira, M Valentim, A Dzudie, S Kingue, DA Djomou Ngongang, EN Ogola, FA Barasa, B Gitura, F-T-N Malik, SR Choudhury, MA Al Mamun, VH Minh, NL Viet, S Cao Truong, C Ferri, G Parati, C Torlasco, C Borghi, FM Goma, C Syatalimi, PH Zelveian, E Barbosa, W Sebba Barroso, E Penaherrera, E Jarrin, A Yusufali, N Bazargani, B Tsinamdzgvrishvili, D Trapaidze, D Neupane, SR Mishra, J Jozwiak, J Malyszko, A Konradi, I Chazova, M Ishaq, F Memon, AM Heagerty, J Keitley, AJB Brady, JR Cockcroft, BJ McDonnell, F Lanas, Y-C Chia, H Ndhlovu, I Kiss, LM Ruilope, BF Ellenga Mbolla, AS Milhailidou, AJ Woodiwiss, S Perl, E Dolan, V Azevedo, L Garre, JG Boggia, VWY Lee, S Kowlessur, M Miglinas, D Sukackiene, RD Wainford, D Habonimana, T Masupe, J Ortellado, G Wuerzner, L Alcocer, G Burazeri, E Sanchez Delgado, D Lovic, CK Mondo, A Mostafa, SK Nadar, O Valdez Tiburcio, A Leiba, M Dorobantu, T De Backer, J Chifamba, G Stergiou, CR Nwokocha, S Sokolovic, AI Toure, KL Connell, NA Khan, D Burger, M De Carvalho Rodrigues, BK Kramer, RE Schmieder, T Unger, FS Wyss, NV Yameogo, H Beistline, JG Kenerson, B Alfonso, MH Olsen, M Soares, Beaney, T, Schutte, A, Tomaszewski, M, Ariti, C, Burrell, L, Castillo, R, Charchar, F, Damasceno, A, Kruger, R, Lackland, D, Nilsson, P, Prabhakaran, D, Ramirez, A, Schlaich, M, Wang, J, Weber, M, Poulter, N, Napiza-Granada, C, Sevilla, M, Atilano, A, Ona, D, More, A, Jose, A, Maheshwari, A, Kondal, D, Yu, W, Li, W, Xu, S, Yu, J, Zhang, H, Widyantoro, B, Turana, Y, Situmorang, T, Sofiatin, Y, Barack, R, Lin, H, Wang, T, Chen, W, Sirenko, Y, Evstigneeva, O, Negresku, E, Yousif, M, Medani, S, Beheiry, H, Ali, I, Zilberman, J, Marin, M, Rodriguez, P, Garcia-Vasquez, F, Kramoh, K, Ekoua, D, Lopez-Jaramillo, P, Otero, J, Sanchez, G, Narvaez, C, Accini, J, Hernandez-Hernandez, R, Octavio, J, Morr, I, Lopez-Rivera, J, Ojji, D, Arije, A, Babatunte, A, Wahab, K, REIS FERNANDES, M, Pereira, S, Valentim, M, Dzudie, A, Kingue, S, Djomou Ngongang, D, Ogola, E, Barasa, F, Gitura, B, Malik, F, Choudhury, S, Al Mamun, M, Minh, V, Viet, N, Cao Truong, S, Ferri, C, Parati, G, Torlasco, C, Borghi, C, Goma, F, Syatalimi, C, Zelveian, P, Barbosa, E, Sebba Barroso, W, Penaherrera, E, Jarrin, E, Yusufali, A, Bazargani, N, Tsinamdzgvrishvili, B, Trapaidze, D, Neupane, D, Mishra, S, Jozwiak, J, Malyszko, J, Konradi, A, Chazova, I, Ishaq, M, Memon, F, Heagerty, A, Keitley, J, Brady, A, Cockcroft, J, Mcdonnell, B, Lanas, F, Chia, Y, Ndhlovu, H, Kiss, I, Ruilope, L, Ellenga Mbolla, B, Milhailidou, A, Woodiwiss, A, Perl, S, Dolan, E, Azevedo, V, Garre, L, Boggia, J, Lee, V, Kowlessur, S, Miglinas, M, Sukackiene, D, Wainford, R, Habonimana, D, Masupe, T, Ortellado, J, Wuerzner, G, Alcocer, L, Burazeri, G, Sanchez Delgado, E, Lovic, D, Mondo, C, Mostafa, A, Nadar, S, Valdez Tiburcio, O, Leiba, A, Dorobantu, M, De Backer, T, Chifamba, J, Stergiou, G, Nwokocha, C, Sokolovic, S, Toure, A, Connell, K, Khan, N, Burger, D, De Carvalho Rodrigues, M, Kramer, B, Schmieder, R, Unger, T, Wyss, F, Yameogo, N, Beistline, H, Kenerson, J, Alfonso, B, Olsen, M, Soares, M, and Thomas Beaney, Aletta E Schutte, Maciej Tomaszewski, Cono Ariti, Louise M Burrell, Rafael R Castillo, Fadi J Charchar, Albertino Damasceno, Ruan Kruger, Daniel T Lackland, Peter M Nilsson, Dorairaj Prabhakaran, Agustin J Ramirez, Markus P Schlaich, Jiguang Wang, Michael A Weber, Neil R Poulter, MMM Investigators, Claudio Borghi

Subjects
Adult, Male, AWARENESS, medicine.medical_specialty, Lydia Becker Institute, Adolescent, Cross-sectional study, Population, Blood Pressure, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Global Health, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, ResearchInstitutes_Networks_Beacons/lydia_becker_institute_of_immunology_and_inflammation, Diabetes mellitus, MANAGEMENT, MMM Investigators, Humans, Mass Screening, Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, Imputation (statistics), Young adult, education, Volunteer, Mass screening, Public, Environmental & Occupational Health, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, prescription, education.field_of_study, Science & Technology, HYPERTENSION, business.industry, lcsh:Public aspects of medicine, Medicine (all), lcsh:RA1-1270, General Medicine, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, PREVALENCE, Anniversaries and Special Events, Cross-Sectional Studies, Blood pressure, Emergency medicine, Female, business, Life Sciences & Biomedicine
Abstract

Summary Background Increased blood pressure is the biggest contributor to the global burden of disease and mortality. Data suggest that less than half of the population with hypertension is aware of it. May Measurement Month was initiated to raise awareness of the importance of blood pressure and as a pragmatic interim solution to the shortfall in screening programmes. Methods This cross-sectional survey included volunteer adults (≥18 years) who ideally had not had their blood pressures measured in the past year. Each participant had their blood pressure measured three times and received a a questionnaire about demographic, lifestyle, and environmental factors. The primary objective was to raise awareness of blood pressure, measured by number of countries involved, number of people screened, and number of people who have untreated or inadequately treated hypertension (defined as systolic blood pressure ≥140 mm Hg or diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mm Hg, or both, or on the basis of receiving antihypertensive medication). Multiple imputation was used to estimate the mean of the second and third blood pressure readings if these were not recorded. Measures of association were analysed using linear mixed models. Findings Data were collected from 1 201 570 individuals in 80 countries. After imputation, of the 1 128 635 individuals for whom a mean of the second and third readings was available, 393 924 (34·9%) individuals had hypertension. 153 905 (17·3%) of 888 616 individuals who were not receiving antihypertensive treatment were hypertensive, and 105 456 (46·3%) of the 227 721 individuals receiving treatment did not have controlled blood pressure. Significant differences in adjusted blood pressures and hypertension prevalence were apparent between regions. Adjusted blood pressure was higher in association with antihypertensive medication, diabetes, cerebrovascular disease, smoking, and alcohol consumption. Blood pressure was higher when measured on the right arm than on the left arm, and blood pressure was highest on Saturdays. Interpretation Inexpensive global screening of blood pressure is achievable using volunteers and convenience sampling. Pending the set-up of systematic surveillance systems worldwide, MMM will be repeated annually to raise awareness of blood pressure. Funding International Society of Hypertension, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Servier Pharmaceutical Co.

Published
2018

46. Activity limitations, use of assistive devices, and mortality and clinical events in 25 high-income, middle-income, and low-income countries: an analysis of the PURE study.

Author

Joundi RA, Hu B, Rangarajan S, Leong DP, Islam S, Smith EE, Mirrakhimov E, Seron P, Alhabib KF, Assembekov B, Chifamba J, Yusuf R, Khatib R, Felix C, Yusufali A, Mohammadifard N, Rosengren A, Oguz A, Iqbal R, Yeates K, Avezum A, Kruger I, Anjana R, Pvm L, Gupta R, Zatońska K, Barbarash O, Pelliza E, Rammohan K, Li M, Li X, Ismail R, Lopez-Jaramillo P, Evans M, O'Donnell M, and Yusuf S

Subjects
Adult, Aged, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Developed Countries statistics & numerical data, Income statistics & numerical data, Prevalence, Prospective Studies, Socioeconomic Factors, Observational Studies as Topic, Activities of Daily Living, Developing Countries statistics & numerical data, Self-Help Devices statistics & numerical data
Abstract

Background: The focus of most epidemiological studies has been mortality or clinical events, with less information on activity limitations related to basic daily functions and their consequences. Standardised data from multiple countries at different economic levels in different regions of the world on activity limitations and their associations with clinical outcomes are sparse. We aimed to quantify the prevalence of activity limitations and use of assistive devices and the association of limitations with adverse outcomes in 25 countries grouped by different economic levels., Methods: In this analysis, we obtained data from individuals in 25 high-income, middle-income, and low-income countries from the Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiological (PURE) study (175 660 participants). In the PURE study, individuals aged 35-70 years who intended to continue living in their current home for a further 4 years were invited to complete a questionnaire on activity limitations. Participant follow-up was planned once every 3 years either by telephone or in person. The activity limitation screen consisted of questions on self-reported difficulty with walking, grasping, bending, seeing close, seeing far, speaking, hearing, and use of assistive devices (gait, vision, and hearing aids). We estimated crude prevalence of self-reported activity limitations and use of assistive devices, and prevalence standardised by age and sex. We used logistic regression to additionally adjust prevalence for education and socioeconomic factors and to estimate the probability of activity limitations and assistive devices by age, sex, and country income. We used Cox frailty models to evaluate the association between each activity limitation with mortality and clinical events (cardiovascular disease, heart failure, pneumonia, falls, and cancer). The PURE study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03225586., Findings: Between Jan 12, 2001, and May 6, 2019, 175 584 individuals completed at least one question on the activity limitation questionnaire (mean age 50·6 years [SD 9·8]; 103 625 [59%] women). Of the individuals who completed all questions, mean follow-up was 10·7 years (SD 4·4). The most common self-reported activity limitations were difficulty with bending (23 921 [13·6%] of 175 515 participants), seeing close (22 532 [13·4%] of 167 801 participants), and walking (22 805 [13·0%] of 175 554 participants); prevalence of limitations was higher with older age and among women. The prevalence of all limitations standardised by age and sex, with the exception of hearing, was highest in low-income countries and middle-income countries, and this remained consistent after adjustment for socioeconomic factors. The use of gait, visual, and hearing aids was lowest in low-income countries and middle-income countries, particularly among women. The prevalence of seeing close limitation was four times higher (6257 [16·5%] of 37 926 participants vs 717 [4·0%] of 18 039 participants) and the prevalence of seeing far limitation was five times higher (4003 [10·6%] of 37 923 participants vs 391 [2·2%] of 18 038 participants) in low-income countries than in high-income countries, but the prevalence of glasses use in low-income countries was half that in high-income countries. Walking limitation was most strongly associated with mortality (adjusted hazard ratio 1·32 [95% CI 1·25-1·39]) and most consistently associated with other clinical events, with other notable associations observed between seeing far limitation and mortality, grasping limitation and cardiovascular disease, bending limitation and falls, and between speaking limitation and stroke., Interpretation: The global prevalence of activity limitations is substantially higher in women than men and in low-income countries and middle-income countries compared with high-income countries, coupled with a much lower use of gait, visual, and hearing aids. Strategies are needed to prevent and mitigate activity limitations globally, with particular emphasis on low-income countries and women., Funding: Funding sources are listed at the end of the Article., Competing Interests: Declaration of interests AR received grants from the Swedish Research Council and Swedish Heart and Lung Foundation. All other authors declare no competing interests., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.)

Published
2024
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47. May Measurement Month 2021: an analysis of blood pressure screening results from Zimbabwe.

Author

Gwini R, Beaney T, Kerr G, Poulter NR, Mwembe D, and Chifamba J

Abstract

The May Measurement Month 2021 campaign in Zimbabwe was aimed at assessing the frequency of hypertension and improving awareness among the population of the sequelae of elevated blood pressure (BP). Participants aged 18 years and above were recruited at outdoor booths to fill out a questionnaire and provide three BP measurements with 1-min intervals. Of the 2094 participants, over one-third (37.3%) were hypertensive, half of hypertensives (49.7%) were aware they had elevated pressure, and less than half (45.0%) of the hypertensive patients were on antihypertensive medications. Increasing age was directly proportional to hypertension with a large leap from 9.5 to 27.7% between the 18-29 and 30-39 age groups. Hypertension remains a major public health challenge in Zimbabwe. Improving access to preventive health screening services as well as treatment facilities is essential to early detect and control hypertension., Competing Interests: Conflict of interest: none declared., (© The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Cardiology.)

Published
2024
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48. Associations of the glycaemic index and the glycaemic load with risk of type 2 diabetes in 127 594 people from 20 countries (PURE): a prospective cohort study.

Author

Miller V, Jenkins DA, Dehghan M, Srichaikul K, Rangarajan S, Mente A, Mohan V, Swaminathan S, Ismail R, Luz Diaz M, Ravindran RM, Zatonska K, Bahonar A, Altuntas Y, Khatib R, Lopez-Jaramillo P, Yusufali A, Yeates K, Chifamba J, Iqbal R, Yusuf R, Catherina Swart E, Bo H, Han G, Li X, Alhabib KF, Rosengren A, Avezum A, Lanas F, and Yusuf S

Subjects
Humans, Middle Aged, Female, Male, Prospective Studies, Adult, Aged, Risk Factors, Incidence, Blood Glucose analysis, Diet, Cohort Studies, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 epidemiology, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 blood, Glycemic Load, Glycemic Index physiology
Abstract

Background: The association between the glycaemic index and the glycaemic load with type 2 diabetes incidence is controversial. We aimed to evaluate this association in an international cohort with diverse glycaemic index and glycaemic load diets., Methods: The PURE study is a prospective cohort study of 127 594 adults aged 35-70 years from 20 high-income, middle-income, and low-income countries. Diet was assessed at baseline using country-specific validated food frequency questionnaires. The glycaemic index and the glycaemic load were estimated on the basis of the intake of seven categories of carbohydrate-containing foods. Participants were categorised into quintiles of glycaemic index and glycaemic load. The primary outcome was incident type 2 diabetes. Multivariable Cox Frailty models with random intercepts for study centre were used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs)., Findings: During a median follow-up of 11·8 years (IQR 9·0-13·0), 7326 (5·7%) incident cases of type 2 diabetes occurred. In multivariable adjusted analyses, a diet with a higher glycaemic index was significantly associated with a higher risk of diabetes (quintile 5 vs quintile 1; HR 1·15 [95% CI 1·03-1·29]). Participants in the highest quintile of the glycaemic load had a higher risk of incident type 2 diabetes compared with those in the lowest quintile (HR 1·21, 95% CI 1·06-1·37). The glycaemic index was more strongly associated with diabetes among individuals with a higher BMI (quintile 5 vs quintile 1; HR 1·23 [95% CI 1·08-1·41]) than those with a lower BMI (quintile 5 vs quintile 1; 1·10 [0·87-1·39]; p interaction=0·030)., Interpretation: Diets with a high glycaemic index and a high glycaemic load were associated with a higher risk of incident type 2 diabetes in a multinational cohort spanning five continents. Our findings suggest that consuming low glycaemic index and low glycaemic load diets might prevent the development of type 2 diabetes., Funding: Full funding sources are listed at the end of the Article., Competing Interests: Declaration of interests VMi reports a research grant from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research during the conduct of the study. DAJ reports research grants from the Soy Nutrition Institute and the Canadian Institutes of Health Research; in-kind supplies for trials as a research support from the Almond Board of California, Walnut Council of California, the Peanut Institute, Barilla, Unilever, Unico, Primo, Loblaw Companies, Quaker (Pepsico), Pristine Gourmet, Bunge, Kellogg Canada, and WhiteWave Foods; payment or honoraria for lectures or presentations from Nutritional Fundamentals for Health–Nutramedica, Saint Barnabas Medical Center Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, The University of Chicago, 2020 China Glycemic Index International Conference, Atlantic Pain Conference, Academy of Life Long Learning; and travel support from NUTS 2022 and the 40th International Symposium on Diabetes and Nutrition. DAJ is a co-chair of the International Carbohydrate Quality Consortium and has been invited by the International Diabetes Federation to join the committee on diabetes treatment and to take the lead in writing the dietary guidelines for the treatment of diabetes. His wife, Alexandra L Jenkins, is a director and partner of INQUIS Clinical Research for the Food Industry; his two daughters, Wendy Jenkins and Amy Jenkins, have published a vegetarian book that promotes the use of the foods described here (Jenkins WM, Jenkins AE, Jenkins AL, Brydson C. The portfolio diet for cardiovascular disease risk reduction. London: Elsevier, 2019); and his sister, Caroline Brydson, received funding through a grant from the St Michael's Hospital Foundation to develop a cookbook for one of his studies. AR reports funding from the Swedish state, the Swedish Research Council, and the Swedish Heart and Lung Foundation. AA reports consulting fees from NovoNordisk; payment or Honoria for lectures or presentations from NovoNordisk Scientific Board; support for attending meetings or travel to the European Society Cardiology Meeting from NovoNordisk; and participation on data safety monitoring board or advisory board for OPTIMAL-Stroke, OPTIMAL-Diabetes, and IMPACT-BP. All other authors declare no competing interests., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Published
2024
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49. Comparing estimates of household expenditures between pictorial diaries and surveys in three low- and middle-income countries.

Author

Murphy A, Palafox B, Chifamba J, Kruger IM, Ncube BJ, Ncube TL, Rangarajan S, Swart EC, Tsolkile L, Walli-Attaei M, West NJ, Yeates KE, Yusuf S, McKee M, and Hanson K

Abstract

In most low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), household out-of-pocket (OOP) health spending constitutes a major source of healthcare financing. Household surveys are commonly used to monitor OOP health spending, but are prone to recall bias and unable to capture seasonal variation, and may underestimate expenditure-particularly among households with long-term chronic health conditions. Household expenditure diaries have been developed as an alternative to overcome the limitations of surveys, and pictorial diaries have been proposed where literacy levels may render traditional diary approaches inappropriate. This study compares estimates for general household and chronic healthcare expenditure in South Africa, Tanzania and Zimbabwe derived using survey and pictorial diary approaches. We selected a random sub-sample of 900 households across urban and rural communities participating in the Prospective Urban and Rural Epidemiology study. For a range of general and health-specific categories, OOP expenditure estimates use cross-sectional survey data collected via standardised questionnaire, and data from these same households collected via two-week pictorial diaries repeated four times over 2016-2019. In all countries, average monthly per capita expenditure on food, non-food/non-health items, health, and consequently, total household expenditure reported by pictorial diaries was consistently higher than that reported by surveys (each p<0.001). Differences were greatest for health expenditure. The share of total household expenditure allocated to health also differed by method, accounting for 2% in each country when using survey data, and from 8-20% when using diary data. Our findings suggest that the choice of data collection method may have significant implications for estimating OOP health spending and the burden it places on households. Despite several practical challenges to their implementation, pictorial diaries offer a method to assess potential bias in surveys or triangulate data from multiple sources. We offer some practical guidance when considering the use of pictorial diaries for estimating household expenditure., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist., (Copyright: © 2023 Murphy et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.)

Published
2023
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50. Household Air Pollution and Adult Lung Function Change, Respiratory Disease, and Mortality across Eleven Low- and Middle-Income Countries from the PURE Study.

Author

Wang Y, Duong M, Brauer M, Rangarajan S, Dans A, Lanas F, Lopez-Jaramillo P, Puoane T, Yeates K, Chifamba J, Yusuf R, Liu Z, Li Y, Tse LA, Mohan D, Gupta R, Nair S, Lakshmi P, Iqbal R, Anto T, Yusuf S, and Hystad P

Subjects
Adult, Humans, Cross-Sectional Studies, Developing Countries, Lung, Cooking, Air Pollution, Indoor analysis, Air Pollution, Respiratory Tract Diseases
Abstract

Background: Globally, household air pollution (HAP) is a major environmental hazard that affects respiratory health. However, few studies have examined associations between HAP and lung function decline and respiratory disease and mortality., Methods: We used data from the Prospective Urban and Rural Epidemiology study and examined adults residing in 240 rural communities in 11 low- and middle-income countries where HAP from cooking with solid fuels is common. Spirometry was conducted for 28,574 individuals at baseline and 12,489 individuals during follow-up (mean of 8 y between spirometry measures). In cross-sectional analyses, we compared lung function measurements [forced expiratory volume in 1 s ( FEV 1 ), forced vital capacity (FVC), and FEV 1 /FVC ratio] in those who used solid fuels for cooking in comparison with clean fuels. Using repeated measurements of lung function, we examined the percent change in lung function measures per year, comparing individuals by baseline fuel type and individuals who used solid fuels at baseline but switched to clean fuels during follow-up. We also examined associations with prospective health events (any respiratory diseases, respiratory disease hospitalizations, and all-cause mortality)., Results: In adjusted cross-sectional models, use of solid fuel in comparison with clean fuels was associated with lower FEV 1 of - 17.5 mL (95% CI: - 32.7 , - 2.3 ) and FVC of - 14.4 mL (95% CI: - 32.0 , 3.2), but not FEV 1 /FVC. In longitudinal analyses, individuals who switched from solid fuels to clean cooking fuels during follow-up ( n = 3,901 , 46% of those using solid fuel at baseline), showed no differences in the annual rate of change in FEV 1 or FVC, but had small improvements in FEV 1 /FVC change (0.2% per year, 95% CI: 0.03, 0.3). Individuals who switched from solid to clean fuels had a decreased hazard ratio for respiratory events of 0.76 (95% CI: 0.57, 1.00) in comparison with persistent solid fuel users, which was not attenuated by lung function measures., Conclusion: We observed modest associations between HAP exposure and lung function, lung function change, and respiratory disease and mortality. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP11179.

Published
2023
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