26 results on '"Chiclana Actis C"'
Search Results
2. Treatments for Persistent Genital Arousal Disorder in Women: A Scoping Review
- Author
-
Martín-Vivar M, Villena-Moya A, Mestre-Bach G, Hurtado-Murillo F, and Chiclana-Actis C
- Abstract
Background: Persistent genital arousal disorder (PGAD) is characterized by elevated discomfort associated with persistent genital arousal in the absence of sexual desire. Aim: To perform a scoping review of the proposed treatments for PGAD and their efficacy. Methods: A scoping review was carried out (PRISMA-Scr) that included articles on PGAD as the main disorder, only in women, which explained, in detail, the treatment and its efficacy, was empirical, was written in English and Spanish. No prior filtering by years was performed. Outcomes: Three different effective treatments were found (Physical therapies, pharmacological therapies, and psychotherapeutics in combination with other therapies). Results: Thirty-eight articles were selected. From physical therapies, treatments using neuromodulation, transcutaneous electrical stimulation, Botox, surgery, electroconvulsive therapy, manual therapy, pelvic floor therapy, dietary changes, and transcranial magnetic stimulation showed effectiveness. Using the pharmacological approach, paroxetine, duloxetine, pramipexole, ropinirole, and clonazepam treatments were effective. Psychotherapy treatments showed effectiveness only in combination with other types of treatments, specifically a combination of cognitive-behavioral strategies with pharmacological treatment. Clinical implications: Pharmacological treatment, specifically SSRIs, have proven to be the therapy of choice for different subtypes of patients. Strengths and limitations: This study analyzed treatment effectiveness with different approaches and took into consideration those articles where psychotherapy was used as a combination treatment with pharmacological and physical therapy. The main limitation is that it was focused exclusively on women, and the results cannot be generalized to include men. Conclusions: To date, a combination of pharmacological interventions with physical therapy and, in some occasions, with psychological therapy is main strategy followed to accomplish effective treatment of PGAD. Copyright (C) 2022, International Society of Sexual Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
- Published
- 2022
3. Secci��n Actualizacion y Reflexiones en Sexolog��a
- Author
-
Villena, A., Tolosa, I., Normand, E., Mart��n-Vivar, M., Serrano, G., Ferrer, N., Rama, D., Mestre-Bach, G., and Chiclana Actis, C.
- Subjects
education ,health care economics and organizations - Abstract
RESUMEN Se presenta en esta secci��n una revisi��n de los art��culos cient��ficos de mayor impacto publicados entre junio de 2021 y agosto del 2021 en las revistas internacionales sobre Sexolog��a con mayor reconocimiento a nivel nacional e internacional (Journal of Sexual Medicine; International Journal of Sexual Health; Archives of Sexual Behavior; Sex roles; Sexual Addiction & Compulsivity, Psychology and Sexuality; Culture, Health and Sexuality; DeSexolog��a, Psicolog��a de la orientaci��n sexual y la diversidad, American Journal of Sexual Education, Journal of Sex & Marital Therapy y Violence Against Woman)., Psicosom��tica y Psiquiatr��a, N��m. 19 (2021): octubre-noviembre-diciembre
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Trastornos de la personalidad
- Author
-
Chiclana Actis, C. and García Martín, I.
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Qualitative Methodology: Psychobiography
- Author
-
Chiclana Actis C, Jareño Gómez A, and Noriega García C
- Subjects
Psychoanalysis ,Unconscious mind ,Psychobiography ,Cognition ,General Medicine ,Sociology ,Qualitative research - Published
- 2019
6. Preventing the recurrence of depression with a Mediterranean diet supplemented with extra-virgin olive oil. The PREDI-DEP trial: study protocol
- Author
-
Sanchez-Villegas, A. (Almudena), Cabrera-Suárez, B. (B.), Molero, P. (Patricio), Gonzalez-Pinto, A. (Ana), Chiclana-Actis, C. (Carlos), Cabrera, C. (Carmen), Lahortiga, F. (Francisca), Florido-Rodríguez, M. (M.), Vega-Pérez, R. (R.), Pla-Vidal, J. (Jorge), Calviño-Cabada, M. J. (M. J.), Ortuño-Sanchez-Pedreño, F. (Felipe), Navarro, S. (Silvia), Almeida, Y. (Y.), and Hernández-Fleta, J. L. (J. L.)
- Subjects
Clinical trial ,Mediterranean diet ,Extra-virgin olive oil ,Recurrence of depression ,Ciencias de la Salud::Psiquiatría y psicología [Materias Investigacion] - Abstract
Background: The role of dietary patterns in the prevention of unipolar depression has been analyzed in several epidemiological studies. The primary aims of this study are to determine the effectiveness of an extra-olive oil enriched Mediterranean diet in reducing the recurrence of depression and improving the symptoms of this condition. Methods: Multicenter, two-arm, parallel-group clinical trial. Arm 1, extra-virgin olive oil Mediterranean diet; Arm 2, control group without nutritional intervention. Dieticians are in charge of the nutritional intervention and regular contact with the participants. Contacts are made through our web platform (https://predidep.es/participantes/) or by phone. Recurrence of depression is assessed by psychiatrists and clinical psychologists through clinical evaluations (semi-structured clinical interviews: Spanish SCID-I). Depressive symptoms are assessed with the Beck Depression Inventory. Information on quality of life, level of physical activity, dietary habits, and blood, urine and stool samples are collected after the subject has agreed to participate in the study and once a year. Discussion: To the best of our knowledge, the PREDI-DEP trial is the first ongoing randomized clinical trial designed to assess the role of the Mediterranean diet in the prevention of recurrent depression. It could be a cost-effective approach to avoid recurrence and improve the quality of life of these patients.
- Published
- 2019
7. Preventing the recurrence of depression with a Mediterranean diet supplemented with extra-virgin olive oil. The PREDI-DEP trial: study protocol
- Author
-
Sánchez-Villegas, A., primary, Cabrera-Suárez, B., additional, Molero, P., additional, González-Pinto, A., additional, Chiclana-Actis, C., additional, Cabrera, C., additional, Lahortiga-Ramos, F., additional, Florido-Rodríguez, M., additional, Vega-Pérez, P., additional, Vega-Pérez, R., additional, Pla, J., additional, Calviño-Cabada, M. J., additional, Ortuño, F., additional, Navarro, S., additional, Almeida, Y., additional, and Hernández-Fleta, J. L., additional
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. SÍNDROME DE ENFERMEDAD POSTORGÁSMICA.
- Author
-
Hernández, M. Naranjo, Ruiz-Oviedo, L., and Chiclana-Actis, C.
- Abstract
Copyright of Revista Chilena de Urologia is the property of Sociedad Chilena de Urologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2021
9. Adicción al sexo: ¿patología independiente o síntoma comórbido?
- Author
-
Chiclana Actis, C., Contreras Chicote, María, Carriles Cervera, Sofía, Rama Víctor, Daniel, Chiclana Actis, C., Contreras Chicote, María, Carriles Cervera, Sofía, and Rama Víctor, Daniel
- Abstract
Aunque el DSM-5 ha desestimado el Trastorno Hipersexual (THS) como nuevo diagnóstico, los pacientes siguen consultando por aumento en la frecuencia, intensidad de fantasías, excitación, impulsos y conductas sexuales que les provocan malestar significativo, deterioro social u ocupacional. Esta sintomatología presenta alta prevalencia en varones y elevada comorbilidad en el Eje I. Evaluamos la presencia de hipersexualidad mediante los criterios diagnósticos propuestos por la agenda de trabajo del DSM-5 y la comorbilidad en el Eje I en 638 pacientes ambulatorios. Ochenta pacientes (90 % varones), cumplirían los criterios clínicos de hipersexualidad. El 71,3 % presentaba comorbilidad en el Eje I, principalmente Trastorno por Déficit de Atención e Hiperactividad (44 %), Trastorno Obsesivo Compulsivo (TOC) (23 %), Trastorno Depresivo (12 %) y Trastornos de Ansiedad (9 %). Veintitrés sujetos presentarían Adicción al sexo como entidad independiente (3,6 % de la muestra general). Aunque la APA no considere esta realidad como una entidad propia, existe una demanda clínica para atender esta sintomatología. Conviene llevar a cabo estudios epidemiológicos para determinar la prevalencia, investigar si es un síntoma inespecífico de una patología del Eje I, si existe la Adicción al Sexo como una entidad independiente o si es la expresión psicopatológica de eventos traumáticos en la vida sexual o en el desarrollo del apego. También se requiere estudiar el impacto económico y social en la salud pública, y desarrollar ensayos clínicos aleatoriados sobre la eficacia de los tratamientos farmacológicos y psicoterapéuticos.
- Published
- 2015
10. Trastornos de la personalidad: expresión dimensional del diagnóstico categorial
- Author
-
Chiclana-Actis, C. (Carlos), Lahortiga, F. (Francisca), and Sanchez-Villegas, A. (Almudena)
- Subjects
TP ,Diagnóstico categorial ,Ciencias de la Salud::Psiquiatría y psicología [Materias Investigacion] ,Trastorno de la personalidad - Abstract
INTRODUCCIÓN Existen argumentos a favor y en contra del uso de modelos categoriales o dimensionales en el diagnóstico de trastornos de personalidad (TP) y también sobre la influencia de algunas variables clínicas en el diagnóstico de Trastorno de la Personalidad. OBJETIVOS Determinar cómo se expresa el diagnóstico categorial de TP obtenido a través de la entrevista diagnóstica semiestructurada International Personality Disorder Examination (IPDE), en los cuestionarios dimensionales Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory 2 (MMPI-2), Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) y Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory II (MCMI-II). Comparar los perfiles obtenidos e inferir qué combinación de las escalas de cada cuestionario caracteriza mejor la presencia/ausencia de TP. Analizar las variables clínicas y demográficas de los pacientes con/ sin TP, y con comorbilidad Eje I y II; analizar las características de la comorbilidad Eje II /Eje I y Eje II / Eje III. SUJETOS, MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS 188 sujetos completaron la IPDE y los cuestionarios MMPI-2, MCMI-II y TCI; se recogieron variables clínicas y sociodemográficas y diagnósticos de los Ejes I y III. ANÁLISIS ESTADÍSTICO Tests de la U de Mann-Whitney y de Kruskal-Wallis (cuantitativas) y Ji-cuadrado (cualitativas) para describir la distribución de las diferentes variables según la presencia de Eje I, Eje II, Eje III o comorbilidad Eje I y Eje II. Análisis univariantes (U de Mann-Whitney y Kruskall-Wallis) para el análisis de las diferencias en los instrumentos de evaluación dimensional. Análisis multivariantes de regresión logística para determinar qué combinación de escalas en los instrumentos de evaluación dimensional resultaban más idóneos para predecir la presencia de TP. RESULTADOS 74 pacientes cumplieron criterios completos de TP (grupo Sí TP), 83 no los cumplieron (grupo No TP) y 31criterios parciales (grupo Criterios Parciales). El TP No Especificado fue el más frecuente (32,4%), seguido del Evitativo (22,9%). El 85,1% presentó algún diagnóstico en el Eje I, siendo el más frecuente los Trastornos del Estado de Ánimo El 65,2% presentaban patología en el Eje III, con mayor prevalencia del grupo con varias patologías concomitantes. Los pacientes con comorbilidad en los Ejes I y II no presentaron un perfil sociodemográfico ni clínico estadísticamente diferente al que mostraron los pacientes con patología en uno sólo de los Ejes. Los tres grupos presentaron perfiles estadísticamente diferentes en los cuestionarios MMPI-2, TCI y MCMI-II CONCLUSIONES Los sujetos con TP obtuvieron perfiles de personalidad en los cuestionarios TCI, MMPI-2 y MCMI-II diferentes, y más patológicos, que los sujetos sin TP; el grupo con Criterios Parciales presentó un perfil intermedio entre ambos. Los pacientes con TP presentaron un perfil sociodemográfico diferente de aquellos sin TP, con menor consumo de alcohol, menor número de noviazgos, más puestos de trabajo diferentes, mayor frecuencia de estatus socioeconómico medio-bajo y menor vida sexual activa. Se dio una alta comorbilidad entre los Ejes I y II; estos pacientes no presentaron un perfil sociodemográfico diferente al de los sujetos sin tal comorbilidad. Hubo una mayor prevalencia de patología del Eje III en el grupo de participantes con patología del Eje II. Existió una combinación de las escalas en cada uno de los cuestionarios que diferenciaba de manera significativa al grupo Sí TP: En el MMPI-2 puntuaciones bajas en la escala K de validez y elevadas en la escala Introversión Social. En el TCI puntuaciones disminuidas en la escala Dependencia de la Recompensa y elevadas en lade Evitación del Riesgo. En el MCMI-II altas puntuaciones en las escalas Alteración, Sinceridad, Esquizotipia, Depresiva, Dependencia de la Droga y Trastorno del Pensamiento.
- Published
- 2010
11. Protocolo diagnóstico del paciente con riesgo de suicidio
- Author
-
Chiclana Actis, C. and Giner, L.
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Trastornos de la personalidad: expresión dimensional del diagnóstico categorial
- Author
-
Chiclana-Actis, C. (Carlos)
- Subjects
- Materias Investigacion::Ciencias de la Salud::Psiquiatría y psicología, Trastorno de la personalidad, TP, Diagnóstico categorial
- Abstract
INTRODUCCIÓN Existen argumentos a favor y en contra del uso de modelos categoriales o dimensionales en el diagnóstico de trastornos de personalidad (TP) y también sobre la influencia de algunas variables clínicas en el diagnóstico de Trastorno de la Personalidad. OBJETIVOS Determinar cómo se expresa el diagnóstico categorial de TP obtenido a través de la entrevista diagnóstica semiestructurada International Personality Disorder Examination (IPDE), en los cuestionarios dimensionales Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory 2 (MMPI-2), Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) y Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory II (MCMI-II). Comparar los perfiles obtenidos e inferir qué combinación de las escalas de cada cuestionario caracteriza mejor la presencia/ausencia de TP. Analizar las variables clínicas y demográficas de los pacientes con/ sin TP, y con comorbilidad Eje I y II; analizar las características de la comorbilidad Eje II /Eje I y Eje II / Eje III. SUJETOS, MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS 188 sujetos completaron la IPDE y los cuestionarios MMPI-2, MCMI-II y TCI; se recogieron variables clínicas y sociodemográficas y diagnósticos de los Ejes I y III. ANÁLISIS ESTADÍSTICO Tests de la U de Mann-Whitney y de Kruskal-Wallis (cuantitativas) y Ji-cuadrado (cualitativas) para describir la distribución de las diferentes variables según la presencia de Eje I, Eje II, Eje III o comorbilidad Eje I y Eje II. Análisis univariantes (U de Mann-Whitney y Kruskall-Wallis) para el análisis de las diferencias en los instrumentos de evaluación dimensional. Análisis multivariantes de regresión logística para determinar qué combinación de escalas en los instrumentos de evaluación dimensional resultaban más idóneos para predecir la presencia de TP. RESULTADOS 74 pacientes cumplieron criterios completos de TP (grupo Sí TP), 83 no los cumplieron (grupo No TP) y 31criterios parciales (grupo Criterios Parciales). El TP No Especificado fue el más frecuente (32,4%), seguido del Evitativo (22,9%). El 85,1% presentó algún diagnóstico en el Eje I, siendo el más frecuente los Trastornos del Estado de Ánimo El 65,2% presentaban patología en el Eje III, con mayor prevalencia del grupo con varias patologías concomitantes. Los pacientes con comorbilidad en los Ejes I y II no presentaron un perfil sociodemográfico ni clínico estadísticamente diferente al que mostraron los pacientes con patología en uno sólo de los Ejes. Los tres grupos presentaron perfiles estadísticamente diferentes en los cuestionarios MMPI-2, TCI y MCMI-II CONCLUSIONES Los sujetos con TP obtuvieron perfiles de personalidad en los cuestionarios TCI, MMPI-2 y MCMI-II diferentes, y más patológicos, que los sujetos sin TP; el grupo con Criterios Parciales presentó un perfil intermedio entre ambos. Los pacientes con TP presentaron un perfil sociodemográfico diferente de aquellos sin TP, con menor consumo de alcohol, menor número de noviazgos, más puestos de trabajo diferentes, mayor frecuencia de estatus socioeconómico medio-bajo y menor vida sexual activa. Se dio una alta comorbilidad entre los Ejes I y II; estos pacientes no presentaron un perfil sociodemográfico diferente al de los sujetos sin tal comorbilidad. Hubo una mayor prevalencia de patología del Eje III en el grupo de participantes con patología del Eje II. Existió una combinación de las escalas en cada uno de los cuestionarios que diferenciaba de manera significativa al grupo Sí TP: En el MMPI-2 puntuaciones bajas en la escala K de validez y elevadas en la escala Introversión Social. En el TCI puntuaciones disminuidas en la escala Dependencia de la Recompensa y elevadas en lade Evitación del Riesgo. En el MCMI-II altas puntuaciones en las escalas Alteración, Sinceridad, Esquizotipia, Depresiva, Dependencia de la Droga y Trastorno del Pensamiento.
- Published
- 2021
13. Formación y evaluación psicológica del candidato al sacerdocio
- Author
-
Chiclana-Actis, C. (Carlos)
- Subjects
- Ratio Fundamentalis Institutionis Sacerdotalis, Seminarista, Evaluación psicológica, Personalidad
- Abstract
De acuerdo con la Ratio Fundamentalis Institutionis Sacerdotalis y los conocimientos en salud mental, se proponen diversas estrategias para la formación y evaluación de los candidatos al Sacerdocio para ayudarles en la consecución de una personalidad equilibrada y con madurez suficiente. Pretende también ayudar a decidir qué momentos son adecuados para la evaluación psicológica, en qué aspectos puede focalizarse y qué contenidos se podrían incluir en el proyecto formativo en espera de las indicaciones específicas de cada Conferencia Episcopal.
- Published
- 2019
14. Pornography Use and Associated Factors in Adolescents: A Cross-Jurisdictional Approach (Spain vs. Mexico).
- Author
-
Villena-Moya A, Chiclana-Actis C, Granero R, Fernández-Aranda F, Potenza MN, Jiménez-Murcia S, and Mestre-Bach G
- Abstract
Pornography use is common among adolescents. However, there has been limited in-depth examination of cross-country differences in adolescent pornography use. Therefore, the main aim of the present study was to understand cross-jurisdictional differences in problematic pornography use (PPU) in 1810 adolescents from Spain and Mexico. The relationship between sociodemographic variables, loneliness, sexual risk behaviors, and religiosity with PPU and cross-jurisdictional differences between the two Spanish-speaking populations was assessed. In the Spanish sample, pornography use was a mediator of risky sexual behaviors, with this association being greater in males, older individuals, and those with a non-heterosexual orientation. In the Mexican sample, non-use of condoms was directly statistically predicted by older age, poor familial relationships, low religiosity, and more frequent pornography use. Jurisdictional differences in relationships between variables were observed in the two samples (Spanish and Mexican). Clinical implications and potential sociocultural factors that may underlie observed differences in the two Spanish-speaking cultures are considered and warrant additional investigation., (© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Trends in suicidal behavior among hospitalized adolescents in Spain over two decades.
- Author
-
Soriano V, Ramos JM, López-Ibor MI, Chiclana-Actis C, Faraco M, González-Cabrera J, González-Fraile E, Mestre-Bach G, Pinargote H, Corpas M, Gallego L, Corral O, and Blasco-Fontecilla H
- Subjects
- Humans, Adolescent, Spain epidemiology, Female, Male, Retrospective Studies, Child, Suicidal Ideation, COVID-19 epidemiology, Hospital Mortality, Suicide statistics & numerical data, Suicide trends, Adolescent Behavior psychology, Hospitalization statistics & numerical data, Mental Disorders epidemiology, Suicide, Attempted statistics & numerical data, Suicide, Attempted trends
- Abstract
Background: Suicide ranks as a leading cause of premature death among adolescents globally. Understanding the trends and key determinants of suicidal behavior in youth are critical for implementing educational policies and supporting preventive strategies in schools., Methods: This retrospective study examined all hospitalizations due to suicidal behavior in children and adolescents aged 11 to 18 years in Spain, using data from the Spanish National Registry of Hospital Discharges spanning 2000 to 2021., Results: Over the 22-year study period, there were 2,015,589 hospitalizations among adolescents in Spain, with 118,609 (5.9 %) cases involving mental disorders. There were 2855 admissions with suicidal behavior, constituting 2.4 % of the hospitalizations among youth with mental disorders. Girls represented 73.4 % of all hospitalizations, with a median age of 16 years. Admissions for suicidal behavior saw a four-fold increase during the last decade (p < 0.001). The in-hospital mortality rate for adolescents with suicidal behavior doubled that of those hospitalized for other mental disorders. During the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic, admissions of adolescents with suicidal behavior decreased, only to surge by 2.5-fold during 2021., Conclusion: Hospital admissions for suicidal behavior among adolescents have risen in Spain over the last two decades. Girls represented 73.4 % of these admissions, yet in-hospital mortality was more frequent in boys., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest None for all authors., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. Spanish Validation of the Brief Pornography Screen Within a Clinical Sample of Individuals with Gambling Disorder.
- Author
-
Tarragón E, Testa G, Granero R, Potenza MN, Kraus SW, Uríszar JC, Chiclana Actis C, Fernández-Aranda F, Jiménez-Murcia S, and Mestre-Bach G
- Abstract
Problematic pornography use (PPU) shares characteristics with behavioral addictions, such as gambling disorder (GD), and PPU and GD may frequently co-occur. In order to fill existing gaps in screening instruments for PPU validated in GD, the study examined the psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the Brief Pornography Screen (BPS) within a clinical sample of individuals with GD. A total of 200 individuals seeking treatment for GD were consecutively recruited. The psychometric properties of the BPS were examined by performing confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and testing for evidence of convergent and discriminant validity. The CFA supported a one-factor solution showing high internal consistency (α = 0.81). The BPS showed convergent validity and correlated with psychological distress, general psychopathology, impulsive tendencies, and low self-directedness. The BPS demonstrated adequate psychometric properties and is therefore recommended as a brief screening tool for identifying probable PPU in individuals seeking treatment for GD., (© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Mediterranean diet-based intervention to improve depressive symptoms: analysis of the PREDIDEP randomized trial.
- Author
-
Cabrera-Suárez BM, Hernández-Fleta JL, Molero P, González-Pinto A, Lahortiga F, Cabrera C, Chiclana-Actis C, and Sánchez-Villegas A
- Subjects
- Humans, Male, Female, Middle Aged, Adult, Recurrence, Treatment Outcome, Diet, Mediterranean, Depression diet therapy, Olive Oil administration & dosage
- Abstract
Background: The effect of an intervention based on Mediterranean diet on reducing recurrence risk or subsyndromal depressive symptoms in recovered depressed patients has not been explored., Methods: The PREDIDEP study was a two-year randomized trial designed to assess the effect of the Mediterranean Diet enriched with extra virgin olive oil on depression recurrence. At baseline and at four, eight, 16, 20, and 24 months of follow-up, depressive symptoms were evaluated through the Beck Depression inventory. Cox regression analysis was fitted to assess the role of dietary intervention on the risk of depression recurrence. Mixed effects linear models were used to assess changes in depressive subsyndromal symptoms according to the intervention., Results: After two years of intervention, the dietary intervention group ( n = 103) compared to the control group ( n = 93) showed no differences regarding depression recurrence risk as main outcome. As secondary outcomes, an improvement of depressive symptoms was yielded at four (-2.15; 95% CI = -4.00 to -0.29) and eight months (-2.42; 95% CI = -4.17 to -0.67) in the intervention group, with no changes in control group. Moreover, at 20 months, significant differences were found between groups (-3.35; 95% CI = -6.08 to -0.61)., Conclusions: An intervention with Mediterranean diet in patients with previous depressive episodes might contribute to the reduction of depressive subsyndromal symptoms.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. Understanding the Co-occurrence of Gambling Disorder and Problematic Pornography Use: Exploring Sociodemographic and Clinical Factors.
- Author
-
Mestre-Bach G, Potenza MN, Granero R, Uríszar JC, Tarragón E, Chiclana Actis C, Testa G, Fernández-Aranda F, and Jiménez-Murcia S
- Subjects
- Humans, Male, Female, Adult, Middle Aged, Behavior, Addictive psychology, Behavior, Addictive epidemiology, Emotional Regulation, Comorbidity, Substance-Related Disorders psychology, Substance-Related Disorders epidemiology, Personality, Gambling psychology, Gambling epidemiology, Erotica psychology, Impulsive Behavior
- Abstract
The co-occurrence between gambling disorder (GD) and problematic pornography use (PPU) has not yet been explored. Therefore, the present study compared (a) sociodemographic variables, (b) GD-related factors, (c) substance use, (d) psychopathology, (e) personality features, (f) impulsivity, and (g) emotion regulation between individuals with GD (GD group) and those with co-occurring GD and PPU (GD+PPU group). The sample consisted of 359 treatment-seeking individuals with GD: n = 332 individuals had GD only (GD group) and n = 37 individuals had GD and co-occurring PPU (GD+PPU group). GD severity, impulsivity, psychopathology, personality, emotion regulation, and other sociodemographic and clinical variables were assessed. No between-group differences in sociodemographic measures were observed. The GD+PPU group demonstrated greater GD severity and a higher likelihood of substance use compared to those without PPU. Furthermore, the presence of PPU was associated with worse psychopathology, higher impulsivity (except for lack of premeditation and positive urgency), more difficulties in emotion regulation (except for non-acceptance of emotions and limited access to emotions), and a personality profile characterized by lower levels of self-directedness and cooperativeness. The co-occurrence of GD and PPU seems associated with a more dysfunctional clinical profile., (© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. Hospital admissions in adolescents with mental disorders in Spain over the last two decades: a mental health crisis?
- Author
-
Soriano V, Ramos JM, López-Ibor MI, Chiclana-Actis C, Faraco M, González-Cabrera J, González-Fraile E, Mestre-Bach G, Pinargote H, Corpas M, Gallego L, Corral O, and Blasco-Fontecilla H
- Abstract
Mental disorders account for a large and increasing health burden worldwide. Characterizing the spectrum of mental disorders and trends over time in adolescents should influence education policies and support preventative strategies at schools. Retrospective study of all hospitalizations in Spain in adolescents 11-18-years old, including mental disorders as diagnosis using the Spanish National Registry of Hospital Discharges. Information was retrieved from 2000 to 2021. During the 22-year study period there were 2,015,589 hospitalizations in adolescents in Spain, of which 118,609 (5.9%) had mental disorders. The rate of psychiatric diagnoses significantly increased from 3.9% in 2000 to 9.5% in 2021. Females accounted for 55.1% of admissions. Mean age at admission declined from 17 to 15 years-old from 2000 to 2021. Mean hospital stay was 10.6 days. Mean in-hospital mortality was 0.24%. By rate order, diagnoses were: substance use disorders (SUD) (40%) > eating disorders (15%) > anxiety/posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) (13%) > attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) (9%) > major depression (8%) > schizophrenia/psychosis (6%) > autism spectrum disorder (ASD) (6%) > sleep disorder (3%) > suicidal behavior (2%) > sexual disorders (1%). A significant gender dichotomy was noticed, with female predominance for internalizing disorders (i.e., anxiety, depression, suicidal behavior and eating disorders) whereas externalizing disorders (i.e., SUD, ADHD, ASD, schizophrenia and other psychoses) predominated in males. Suicidal behavior and male sex were independent predictors of in-hospital death in multivariate analysis. After the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic, hospitalizations due to mental disorders in adolescents increased by 51% in 2021. There is a growing crisis of mental health among adolescents in Spain. Although the COVID-19 pandemic has unveiled the high rate and severity of psychiatric disorders among youth, a steadily increase has occurred since the beginning of the millennium. Primary preventative strategies should be adapted to distinct and more prevalent mental disorders in adolescents., (© 2024. Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Pornography Use and Violence: A Systematic Review of the Last 20 Years.
- Author
-
Mestre-Bach G, Villena-Moya A, and Chiclana-Actis C
- Subjects
- Humans, Sexual Behavior, Violence, Erotica, Intimate Partner Violence, Rape, Sex Offenses
- Abstract
Pornography use is one of the factors that has been proposed to be associated with violence. We aimed to explore the literature of the last 20 years, with the objective of understanding the possible association between pornography use and violence. Two electronic databases (PsycINFO/PsycARTICLES and PubMed/Medline) were used. We included members of the general population, of any sex, age, and sexual orientation, who were direct users of pornography or have a partner who uses pornography. Only studies with pornography use and violence assessments, and that specifically evaluated the association between both factors, were included. In all, 59 studies met the inclusion criteria. An association between pornography use and nonsexual violence seems to exist, although the causality of this association remains unclear. Heterogeneity of results exists regarding the association between pornography use and intimate partner sexual assault and coercion: some studies have failed to demonstrate this association, while others have observed it partially or significantly. Contradictory results have also been observed when examining the association between pornography use, rape myths, and other beliefs/attitudes. The main limitation is the heterogeneity in the conceptualization of both constructs (pornography and violence). Multiple theoretical models, methodologies, and categorizations have been used in the studies, complicating the comparability of the findings. The association between different types of violence and pornography use requires further in-depth research to better understand the specific link between both constructs.CRD42021259874., Competing Interests: Declaration of Conflicting InterestsThe author(s) declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Spanish Validation of the Long and Short Versions of the Problematic Pornography Consumption Scale (PPCS and PPCS-6) in Adolescents.
- Author
-
Villena-Moya A, Granero R, Chiclana-Actis C, Potenza MN, Blycker GR, Demetrovics Z, Bőthe B, Steward T, Fernández-Aranda F, Jiménez-Murcia S, and Mestre-Bach G
- Subjects
- Male, Female, Humans, Adolescent, Psychometrics, Factor Analysis, Statistical, Mexico, Spain, Erotica
- Abstract
Although 1-14% of adolescents may experience problematic pornography use (PPU), psychometrically sound instruments for assessing PPU in Spanish-speaking adolescents are scarce. Given the advantages of the different forms of the Problematic Pornography Consumption Scale (PPCS), the aim of the present study was to assess the psychometric properties of the PPCS and PPCS-6, and to examine associations between PPU and age among boys and girls. Two school-based adolescent samples were recruited in Spain (n = 650; M
age = 16.0 [SD = 1.1]; 50% girls and 50% boys) and Mexico (n1, 160; Mage = 15.8 [SD = 1.1]; 68% girls) to assess the psychometric properties of the PPCS and PPCS-6. Confirmatory factor analysis was applied and convergent and discriminant validity with other measures related to PPU was also tested. The results provided empirical support for the six-factor structure of the PPCS and the one-factor structure of the PPCS-6. Boys with older age showed higher levels of tolerance than girls on the PPCS in both countries. Both the PPCS and the PPCS-6 may be considered valid psychometric instruments for the assessment of PPU in Spanish-speaking adolescents from Spain and Mexico., (© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.)- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. 'Effectiveness of a remote nutritional intervention to increase the adherence to the Mediterranean diet among recovered depression patients'.
- Author
-
Cabrera-Suárez B, Pla J, González-Pinto A, Hernández J, Chiclana-Actis C, Ortuño F, Florido-Rodriguez M, Sanchez-Villegas A, and Investigators PD
- Subjects
- Humans, Olive Oil, Feeding Behavior, Depression prevention & control, Diet, Mediterranean
- Abstract
Background: There is substantial evidence supporting that remote interventions are useful to change dietary habits. However, the effect of a remote intervention based on Mediterranean diet (MD) in depressive patients has been less explored., Objective: This study aims to assess the effectiveness of a remotely provided Mediterranean diet-based nutritional intervention in the context of a secondary prevention trial of depression., Methods: The PREDIDEP study was a 2-year multicenter, randomized, single-blinded trial designed to assess the effect of the MD enriched with extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) on the prevention of depression recurrence. The intervention group received usual care for depressed patients and remote nutritional intervention every three months which included phone contacts and web-based interventions; and the control group, usual care. At baseline and at 1-year and 2-year follow-up, the 14-item MD Adherence Screener (MEDAS) questionnaire and a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) were collected by a dietitian. Mixed effects linear models were used to assess changes in nutritional variables according to the group of intervention. The trial was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03081065., Results: Compared with control group, the MD intervention group showed more adherence to MD (between-group difference: 2.76; 95% CI 2.13-3.39; p < 0.001); and a healthier diet pattern with a significant increase in the consumption of olive oil ( p < 0.001), and a significant reduction in refined cereals ( p = 0.031) after 2 years of intervention., Conclusions: The remote nutritional intervention increases adherence to the MD among recovered depression patients. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03081065.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. The use of 'sex' and 'gender' in medical research.
- Author
-
Chiclana-Actis C and Soriano V
- Subjects
- Humans, Male, Female, Sex Factors, Gender Identity, HIV Infections, Biomedical Research
- Abstract
There is a widespread practice of using 'sex' and 'gender' interchangeably. The World Health Organization considers that they are not. It defines sex as a set of chromosome-dependent biological variables that show unique hormone profiles and anatomy. Conversely, gender refers to socially constructed sex attributions with differential roles, behavioral expressions, identity, etc. Researchers and institutions have proposed guidelines to ensure that good science is not compromised by ideologies, media or social pressures, morality, religion or economic interests. Sex differences are immune to any ideology or socio-cultural interest, because they are governed by biologically determined genetic parameters. Considering men and women to be alike is very valuable from a moral or social perspective, but ignoring differences could be wrong and unacceptable from a biomedical perspective. The organization of health and/or research systems that does not consider the different morbidity, evolution or treatment response depending on sex would generate biases and mistakes. To work on medical innovation with a gender perspective should need to take sex differences into account and integrate them properly, recognizing diversity. The controversy is not just about sex or gender, but about sex and gender and how they may influence each other. Maintaining a scientific and academic approach will help both to advance science and enrich laws and/or ideologies., (Copyright: © 2023 Permanyer.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Associations between pornography exposure, body image and sexual body image: A systematic review.
- Author
-
Paslakis G, Chiclana Actis C, and Mestre-Bach G
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Body Image, Female, Heterosexuality, Humans, Male, Sexual Behavior, Erotica, Sexual and Gender Minorities
- Abstract
There is evidence for associations between pornography exposure and sexual behaviors of adults and adolescents. Here, we review associations between pornography exposure and body image/sexual body image. Using a systematic search, we found 26 studies meeting inclusion criteria. Compelling evidence shows that frequency of pornography exposure is associated with negatively perceived body image and sexual body image; both heterosexual men and women appear to be affected. Due to scarcity of studies in adolescents and non-heterosexual samples, findings cannot be generalized to adolescents or individuals who identify as sexual minorities. Implications and future directions are discussed.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Pornography Use in Adolescents and Its Clinical Implications.
- Author
-
Farré JM, Montejo AL, Agulló M, Granero R, Chiclana Actis C, Villena A, Maideu E, Sánchez M, Fernández-Aranda F, Jiménez-Murcia S, and Mestre-Bach G
- Abstract
(1) Background: The Differential Susceptibility to Media Effects Model (DSMM) suggests that pornography use effects are conditional and they depend on dispositional, developmental, and social differential susceptibility variables. This framework also highlights that the differential susceptibility variables act as predictors of pornography use and as moderators of the effect of pornography on criterion variables. (2) Methods: By administering a survey to n = 1500 adolescents, we tested whether these assumptions were met. (3) Results: Pornography use was related to being male and older, having a bisexual or undefined sexual orientation, higher substance use, being non-Muslim, and reporting sexual interest and the use of the media to obtain sexual information. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) showed that higher levels in the criterion variables were directly related to pornography use, older age, substance use, and being women. Some mediational links also emerged. Pornography use mediated between the age and criterion variables. Moreover, substance use mediated the association between age and gender with the criterion variables. (4) Conclusions: Our findings support the clinical applicability of the theoretical DSMM framework. Knowing adolescent pornography consumers' profiles and the impact of pornography on this population would allow for the designing of more effective prevention and regulation proposals.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Factors Influencing Couples' Sexuality in the Puerperium: A Systematic Review.
- Author
-
Serrano Drozdowskyj E, Gimeno Castro E, Trigo López E, Bárcenas Taland I, and Chiclana Actis C
- Subjects
- Dyspareunia, Female, Humans, Libido, Male, Postpartum Period, Sexual Behavior physiology, Sexual Behavior psychology
- Abstract
Introduction: The puerperium is a period of adaptation in which various transformations take place in the lives of women and men on their way to becoming mothers and fathers. These changes can also have repercussions on their sexual relations. How the couple deals with this transition is crucial to the well-being of the couple and affects how parents relate to the baby., Aim: This study aimed to explore the factors that influence sexuality in both women and men during postpartum., Methods: We conducted a bibliographic review of 236 articles found on the PubMed database and published from 2008 to January 2019., Main Outcome Measure: The main outcome measure was the impact of various physical, psychological, and sociocultural factors on couples' sexual functioning during postpartum., Results: The main problems that couples face after childbirth can be classified as (i) psychological changes, such as loss of a sense of self, transitioning to parenthood, taking on the new roles of mother and father, and feelings of abandonment among men; (ii) body changes in women that affect their self-image and perineal trauma; (iii) hormonal changes in women and men that can lead to reduced sexual desire in both and vaginal dryness or dyspareunia in women; (iv) changes in the marital relationship, including changes in each other's roles, taking time for intimacy, and initiating sexual intercourse; (v) sociocultural influences, such as social support, culturally expected roles, and beliefs regarding when to resume sex; and (vi) lifestyle changes, especially with regard to baby care., Conclusion: Sexuality during postpartum is influenced by multiple factors: physical, psychological, and sociocultural. Our findings offer a deeper understanding of how the transition to parenthood affects sexual relationships during the postpartum period. Implications regarding caring for and promoting the sexual health of individuals and couples after childbirth are discussed, and some medical recommendations for parents are offered. Serrano Drozdowskyj E, Gimeno Castro E, Trigo López E, et al. Factors Influencing Couples' Sexuality in the Puerperium: A Systematic Review. Sex Med Rev 2020;8:38-47., (Copyright © 2019 International Society for Sexual Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
Catalog
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.