175 results on '"Chia-Chi Chen"'
Search Results
2. Time to positivity of Klebsiella pneumoniae in blood cultures as prognostic marker in patients with intra-abdominal infection: A retrospective study
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Yong-Ye Yang, I-Ting Tsai, Chung-Hsu Lai, Chih-Ping Chen, Chia‐Chi Chen, and Yin-Chou Hsu
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Prognosis ,blood culture ,time to positivity ,bacteraemia ,intra-abdominal infections ,Klebsiella pneumoniae ,Infectious and parasitic diseases ,RC109-216 - Abstract
ABSTRACTKlebsiella pneumoniae is a common causative pathogen of intra-abdominal infection with concomitant bacteraemia, leading to a significant mortality risk. The time to positivity (TTP) of blood culture is postulated to be a prognostic factor in bacteraemia caused by other species. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the prognostic value of TTP in these patients. The single-centred, retrospective, observational cohort study was conducted between 1 July 2016 and 30 June 2021. All adult emergency department patients with diagnosis of intra-abdominal infection and underwent blood culture collection which yield K. pneumoniae during this period were enrolled. A total of 196 patients were included in the study. The overall 30-day mortality rate was 12.2% (24/196), and the median TTP of the studied cohort was 12.3 h (10.5–15.8 h). TTP revealed a moderate 30-day mortality discriminative ability (area under the curve 0.73, p 12 h, N = 109), patients in the early TTP (≤12 h, N = 87) group had a significantly higher risk of 30-day morality (21.8% vs. 4.6%, p
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- 2024
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3. Development of a Humanized Antibody Targeting Extracellular HSP90α to Suppress Endothelial-Mesenchymal Transition-Enhanced Tumor Growth of Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma Cells
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Chi-Shuan Fan, Hui-Chen Hung, Chia-Chi Chen, Li-Li Chen, Yi-Yu Ke, Teng-Kuang Yeh, Chin-Ting Huang, Teng-Yuan Chang, Kuei-Jung Yen, Chung-Hsing Chen, Kee Voon Chua, John Tsu-An Hsu, and Tze-Sing Huang
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extracellular HSP90α ,CD91 ,endothelial-mesenchymal transition ,M2 macrophage ,tumor immunity ,Cytology ,QH573-671 - Abstract
Extracellular HSP90α (eHSP90α) is a promoter of tumor development and malignant progression. Patients with malignancies, including pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), have generally shown 5~10-fold increases in serum/plasma eHSP90α levels. In this study, we developed a humanized antibody HH01 to target eHSP90α and evaluated its anticancer efficacy. HH01, with novel complementarity-determining regions, exhibits high binding affinity toward HSP90α. It recognizes HSP90α epitope sites 235AEEKEDKEEE244 and 251ESEDKPEIED260, with critical amino acid residues E237, E239, D240, K241, E253, and K255. HH01 effectively suppressed eHSP90α-induced invasive and spheroid-forming activities of colorectal cancer and PDAC cell lines by blocking eHSP90α’s ligation with the cell-surface receptor CD91. In mouse models, HH01 potently inhibited the tumor growth of PDAC cell grafts/xenografts promoted by endothelial-mesenchymal transition-derived cancer-associated fibroblasts while also reducing serum eHSP90α levels, reflecting its anticancer efficacy. HH01 also modulated tumor immunity by reducing M2 macrophages and reinvigorating immune T-cells. Additionally, HH01 showed low aggregation propensity, high water solubility, and a half-life time of >18 days in mouse blood. It was not cytotoxic to retinal pigmented epithelial cells and showed no obvious toxicity in mouse organs. Our data suggest that targeting eHSP90α with HH01 antibody can be a promising novel strategy for PDAC therapy.
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- 2024
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4. Prenatal exposure to low-dose di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) induces potentially hepatic lipid accumulation and fibrotic changes in rat offspring
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Hung-Yuan Su, Ching-Shu Lai, Kuo-Hsin Lee, Yu-Wei Chiang, Chia-Chi Chen, and Ping-Chi Hsu
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Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate ,Liver ,Multigeneration ,Hepatic fibrosis ,Steatosis ,Hepatic stellate cell ,Environmental pollution ,TD172-193.5 ,Environmental sciences ,GE1-350 - Abstract
Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is a plasticizer that is widely used to enhance the flexibility and durability of various products. As an endocrine disruptor, DEHP can interfere with normal hormonal functions, posing substantial health risks to organisms. Given the critical role of the liver in DEHP metabolism, we investigated potential liver damage in offspring induced by prenatal exposure to low doses of DEHP in Sprague Dawley rats. Pregnant rats were divided into three groups and administered 20 or 200 μg/kg/day of DEHP or corn oil vehicle control via oral gavage from gestation days 0–20. Male rat offspring were euthanized on postnatal day 84, and blood and liver specimens were collected for analysis. We observed fibrotic changes in the livers of the exposed groups, accompanied by the proliferation and activation of hepatic stellate cells and upregulated expression of TGF-B and collagen 1A1. Additionally, an inflammatory response, characterized by increased macrophage infiltration and elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, was evident. Third, hepatic and serum triglyceride and serum cholesterol were notably increased, along with upregulated expression of lipid metabolism-related proteins, such as sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c, acetyl-CoA carboxylase, fatty acid synthase, and diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 1, particularly in the low-dose group. These results suggest that prenatal exposure to DEHP can disrupt lipid metabolism, resulting in hepatic lipid accumulation in the offspring. This exposure may also induce an inflammatory response that contributes to the development of liver fibrosis. Thus, even at relatively low doses, such exposure can precipitate latent liver damage in offspring.
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- 2024
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5. Plasma levels and tissue expression of liver-type fatty acid-binding protein in patients with breast cancer
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Chi-Chang Chang, Chia-Chang Hsu, Teng-Hung Yu, Wei-Chin Hung, Shyh-Ming Kuo, Chia-Chi Chen, Cheng-Ching Wu, Fu-Mei Chung, Yau-Jiunn Lee, and Ching-Ting Wei
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Liver-type fatty acid-binding protein ,Concentrations ,Expression ,Breast cancer ,Surgery ,RD1-811 ,Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,RC254-282 - Abstract
Abstract Background Liver-type fatty acid-binding protein (L-FABP) is widely expressed in hepatocytes and plays a role in lipid metabolism. It has been demonstrated to be overexpressed in different types of cancer; however, few studies have investigated the association between L-FABP and breast cancer. The aim of this study was to assess the association between plasma concentrations of L-FABP in breast cancer patients and the expression of L-FABP in breast cancer tissue. Method A total of 196 patients with breast cancer and 57 age-matched control subjects were studied. Plasma L-FABP concentrations were measured using ELISA in both groups. The expression of L-FABP in breast cancer tissue was examined using immunohistochemistry. Result The patients had higher plasma L-FABP levels than the controls (7.6 ng/mL (interquartile range 5.2–12.1) vs. 6.3 ng/mL (interquartile range 5.3–8.5), p = 0.008). Multiple logistic regression analysis showed an independent association between L-FABP and breast cancer, even after adjusting for known biomarkers. Moreover, the rates of pathologic stage T2+T3+T4, clinical stage III, positive HER-2 receptor status, and negative estrogen receptor status were significantly higher in the patients with an L-FABP level greater than the median. Furthermore, the L-FABP level gradually increased with the increasing stage. In addition, L-FABP was detected in the cytoplasm, nuclear, or both cytoplasm and nuclear of all breast cancer tissue examined, not in the normal tissue. Conclusions Plasma L-FABP levels were significantly higher in the patients with breast cancer than in the controls. In addition, L-FABP was expressed in breast cancer tissue, which suggests that L-FABP may be involved in the pathogenesis of breast cancer.
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- 2023
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6. Tissue Expression of Growth Differentiation Factor 11 in Patients with Breast Cancer
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Chia-Chi Chen, Thung-Lip Lee, I-Ting Tsai, Chin-Feng Hsuan, Chia-Chang Hsu, Chao-Ping Wang, Yung-Chuan Lu, Chien-Hsun Lee, Fu-Mei Chung, Yau-Jiunn Lee, and Ching-Ting Wei
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breast cancer ,growth differentiation factor 11 ,expression ,clinicopathological characteristics ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
Protein growth differentiation factor 11 (GDF11) plays crucial roles in cellular processes, including differentiation and development; however, its clinical relevance in breast cancer patients is poorly understood. We enrolled 68 breast cancer patients who underwent surgery at our hospital and assessed the expression of GDF11 in tumorous, ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), and non-tumorous tissues using immunohistochemical staining, with interpretation based on histochemical scoring (H-score). Our results indicated higher GDF11 expressions in DCIS and normal tissues compared to tumorous tissues. In addition, the GDF11 H-score was lower in the patients with a tumor size ≥ 2 cm, pathologic T3 + T4 stages, AJCC III-IV stages, Ki67 ≥ 14% status, HER2-negative, and specific molecular tumor subtypes. Notably, the patients with triple-negative breast cancer exhibited a loss of GDF11 expression. Spearman correlation analysis revealed associations between GDF11 expression and various clinicopathological characteristics, including tumor size, stage, Ki67, and molecular subtypes. Furthermore, GDF11 expression was positively correlated with mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration and negatively correlated with neutrophil count, as well as standard deviation and coefficient of variation of red cell distribution width. These findings suggest that a decreased GDF11 expression may play a role in breast cancer pathogenesis.
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- 2024
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7. A Simple and Affordable Method to Create Nonsense Mutation Clones of p53 for Studying the Premature Termination Codon Readthrough Activity of PTC124
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Chia-Chi Chen, Ruo-Yu Liao, Fang-Yu Yeh, Yu-Rou Lin, Tze-You Wu, Alexa Escobar Pastor, Danny Danilo Zul, Yun-Chien Hsu, Kuan-Yo Wu, Ke-Fang Liu, Reiji Kannagi, Jang-Yi Chen, and Bi-He Cai
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p53 ,PTC124 ,nonsense mutation ,PTC readthrough ,site-directed mutagenesis ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
(1) Background: A premature termination codon (PTC) can be induced by a type of point mutation known as a nonsense mutation, which occurs within the coding region. Approximately 3.8% of human cancer patients have nonsense mutations of p53. However, the non-aminoglycoside drug PTC124 has shown potential to promote PTC readthrough and rescue full-length proteins. The COSMIC database contains 201 types of p53 nonsense mutations in cancers. We built a simple and affordable method to create different nonsense mutation clones of p53 for the study of the PTC readthrough activity of PTC124. (2) Methods: A modified inverse PCR-based site-directed mutagenesis method was used to clone the four nonsense mutations of p53, including W91X, S94X, R306X, and R342X. Each clone was transfected into p53 null H1299 cells and then treated with 50 μM of PTC124. (3) Results: PTC124 induced p53 re-expression in H1299-R306X and H1299-R342X clones but not in H1299-W91X and H1299-S94X clones. (4) Conclusions: Our data showed that PTC124 more effectively rescued the C-terminal of p53 nonsense mutations than the N-terminal of p53 nonsense mutations. We introduced a fast and low-cost site-directed mutagenesis method to clone the different nonsense mutations of p53 for drug screening.
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- 2023
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8. The Competition of Yin and Yang: Exploring the Role of Wild-Type and Mutant p53 in Tumor Progression
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Bi-He Cai, Yu-Te Sung, Chia-Chi Chen, Jei-Fu Shaw, and I-Lun Hsin
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n/a ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
The protein p53 is a well-known tumor suppressor that plays a crucial role in preventing cancer development [...]
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- 2023
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9. Endothelial-mesenchymal transition harnesses HSP90α-secreting M2-macrophages to exacerbate pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
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Chi-Shuan Fan, Li-Li Chen, Tsu-An Hsu, Chia-Chi Chen, Kee Voon Chua, Chung-Pin Li, and Tze-Sing Huang
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EndoMT ,Cancer-associated fibroblast ,M2-type macrophage ,eHSP90α ,Diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs ,RC633-647.5 ,Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,RC254-282 - Abstract
Abstract Background Endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndoMT) can provide a source of cancer-associated fibroblasts which contribute to desmoplasia of many malignancies including pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). We investigated the clinical relevance of EndoMT in PDAC, and explored its underlying mechanism and therapeutic implication. Methods Expression levels of 29 long non-coding RNAs were analyzed from the cells undergoing EndoMT, and an EndoMT index was proposed to survey its clinical associations in the PDAC patients of The Cancer Genome Atlas database. The observed clinical correlation was further confirmed by a mouse model inoculated with EndoMT cells-involved PDAC cell grafts. In vitro co-culture with EndoMT cells or treatment with the conditioned medium were performed to explore the underlying mechanism. Because secreted HSP90α was involved, anti-HSP90α antibody was evaluated for its inhibitory efficacy against the EndoMT-involved PDAC tumor. Results A combination of low expressions of LOC340340, LOC101927256, and MNX1-AS1 was used as an EndoMT index. The clinical PDAC tissues with positive EndoMT index were significantly correlated with T4-staging and showed positive for M2-macrophage index. Our mouse model and in vitro cell-culture experiments revealed that HSP90α secreted by EndoMT cells could induce macrophage M2-polarization and more HSP90α secretion to promote PDAC tumor growth. Furthermore, anti-HSP90α antibody showed a potent therapeutic efficacy against the EndoMT and M2-macrophages-involved PDAC tumor growth. Conclusions EndoMT cells can secrete HSP90α to harness HSP90α-overproducing M2-type macrophages to promote PDAC tumor growth, and such effect can be targeted and abolished by anti-HSP90α antibody.
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- 2019
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10. Gastroprotective Effect of Anisomeles indica on Aspirin-Induced Gastric Ulcer in Mice
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Hsiu-Man Lien, Yu-Yen Wang, Mei-Zi Huang, Hui-Yu Wu, Chao-Lu Huang, Chia-Chi Chen, Shao-Wen Hung, Chia-Chang Chen, Cheng-Hsun Chiu, and Chih-Ho Lai
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Anisomeles indica ,ovatodiolide ,aspirin ,gastric ulcer ,inflammation ,Therapeutics. Pharmacology ,RM1-950 - Abstract
Gastric ulcers are commonly seen in the upper gastrointestinal tract and may be related to the Helicobacter pylori infection and the use of aspirin, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID). Typically, proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs) are used to treat gastric ulcers; however, adverse effects have emerged following long-term treatment. Natural medicines are used as alternative therapeutic agents in the treatment of gastric ulcers, with few side effects. Despite various reports on the anti-H. pylori and anti-gastric cancer activities of Anisomeles indica, its gastroprotective effect on ulcers remains undetermined. This study investigated the protective effect of A. indica on aspirin-induced gastric ulcers in murine models. Our results show that three fractions of ethanol-extracted A. indica inhibited aspirin-induced gastric injury. Among these, A. indica Fraction 1 was observed to enrich ovatodiolide, which effectively diminished gastric acidity and alleviated aspirin-induced inflammation in the stomach. Our results provide evidence that A. indica could be developed as an effective therapeutic agent for gastroprotective purposes.
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- 2022
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11. PTC124 Rescues Nonsense Mutation of Two Tumor Suppressor Genes NOTCH1 and FAT1 to Repress HNSCC Cell Proliferation
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Ming-Han Wu, Rui-Yu Lu, Si-Jie Yu, Yi-Zhen Tsai, Ying-Chen Lin, Zhi-Yu Bai, Ruo-Yu Liao, Yi-Chiang Hsu, Chia-Chi Chen, and Bi-He Cai
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NOTCH1 ,FAT1 ,PTC124 ,nonsense mutation ,HNSCC ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
(1) Background: PTC124 (Ataluren) is an investigational drug for the treatment of nonsense mutation-mediated genetic diseases. With the exception of the TP53 tumor suppressor gene, there has been little research on cancers with nonsense mutation. By conducting a database search, we found that another two tumor suppressor genes, NOTCH1 and FAT1, have a high nonsense mutation rate in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). PTC124 may re-express the functional NOTCH1 or FAT1 in nonsense mutation NOTCH1 or FAT1 in HSNCC (2) Methods: DOK (with NOTCH1 Y550X) or HO-1-u-1 (with FAT1 E378X) HNSCC cells were treated with PTC124, and the NOTCH1 or FAT1 expression, cell viability, and NOTCH1- or FAT1-related downstream gene profiles were assayed. (3) Results: PTC124 was able to induce NOTCH1 or FAT1 expression in DOK and HO-1-u-1 cells. PTC124 was able to upregulate NOTCH downstream genes HES5, AJUBA, and ADAM10 in DOK cells. PTC124 enhanced DDIT4, which is under the control of the FAT1–YAP1 pathway, in HO-1-u-1 cells. FLI-06 (a NOTCH signaling inhibitor) reversed PTC124-mediated cell growth inhibition in DOK cells. PTC124 could reverse TT-10 (a YAP signaling activator)-mediated HO-1-u-1 cell proliferation. (4) Conclusions: PTC124 can rescue nonsense mutation of NOTCH1 and FAT1 to repress HNSCC cell proliferation.
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- 2022
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12. Pigeon Circovirus over Three Decades of Research: Bibliometrics, Scoping Review, and Perspectives
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Benji Brayan Ilagan Silva, Michael Louie R. Urzo, Jaymee R. Encabo, Alea Maurice Simbulan, Allen Jerard D. Lunaria, Susan A. Sedano, Keng-Chih Hsu, Chia-Chi Chen, Yu-Chang Tyan, and Kuo-Pin Chuang
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bibliometrics ,circovirus ,pigeon circovirus ,young pigeon disease syndrome ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Abstract
The pigeon circovirus (PiCV), first described in the literature in the early 1990s, is considered one of the most important infectious agents affecting pigeon health. Thirty years after its discovery, the current review has employed bibliometric strategies to map the entire accessible PiCV-related research corpus with the aim of understanding its present research landscape, particularly in consideration of its historical context. Subsequently, developments, current knowledge, and important updates were provided. Additionally, this review also provides a textual analysis examining the relationship between PiCV and the young pigeon disease syndrome (YPDS), as described and propagated in the literature. Our examination revealed that usages of the term ‘YPDS’ in the literature are characterizations that are diverse in range, and neither standard nor equivalent. Guided by our understanding of the PiCV research corpus, a conceptualization of PiCV diseases was also presented in this review. Proposed definitions and diagnostic criteria for PiCV subclinical infection (PiCV-SI) and PiCV systemic disease (PiCV-SD) were also provided. Lastly, knowledge gaps and open research questions relevant to future PiCV-related studies were identified and discussed.
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- 2022
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13. P63 and P73 Activation in Cancers with p53 Mutation
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Bi-He Cai, Yun-Chien Hsu, Fang-Yu Yeh, Yu-Rou Lin, Rui-Yu Lu, Si-Jie Yu, Jei-Fu Shaw, Ming-Han Wu, Yi-Zhen Tsai, Ying-Chen Lin, Zhi-Yu Bai, Yu-Chen Shih, Yi-Chiang Hsu, Ruo-Yu Liao, Wei-Hsin Kuo, Chao-Tien Hsu, Ching-Feng Lien, and Chia-Chi Chen
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p53 ,p63 ,p73 ,mutation ,gain of function ,aggregation ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
The members of the p53 family comprise p53, p63, and p73, and full-length isoforms of the p53 family have a tumor suppressor function. However, p53, but not p63 or p73, has a high mutation rate in cancers causing it to lose its tumor suppressor function. The top and second-most prevalent p53 mutations are missense and nonsense mutations, respectively. In this review, we discuss possible drug therapies for nonsense mutation and a missense mutation in p53. p63 and p73 activators may be able to replace mutant p53 and act as anti-cancer drugs. Herein, these p63 and p73 activators are summarized and how to improve these activator responses, particularly focusing on p53 gain-of-function mutants, is discussed.
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- 2022
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14. Reparative Efficacy of Liposome-Encapsulated Oleanolic Acid against Liver Inflammation Induced by Fine Ambient Particulate Matter and Alcohol in Mice
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Ching-Ting Wei, Yu-Wen Wang, Yu-Chiuan Wu, Li-Wei Lin, Chia-Chi Chen, Chun-Yin Chen, and Shyh-Ming Kuo
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oleanolic acid ,liposome ,PM2.5 ,alcohol ,liver inflammation ,Pharmacy and materia medica ,RS1-441 - Abstract
Airborne fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is a severe problem and is associated with health issues including liver diseases. Workers performing manual labor tend to be alcohol consumers during work, where they are also exposed to PM2.5. Long-term PM2.5 exposure can increase oxidative stress, leading to inflammation. Whether long-term exposure to air pollution and alcohol synergistically increases liver fibrosis risk warrants investigation. Oleanolic acid (OA)—a triterpenoid—has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, but its low water solubility and cytotoxicity impair its potential applications. In this study, we fabricated liposomal OA nanoparticles (Lipo-OAs); then, we evaluated the anti-inflammatory effect on exposed cells and the ameliorative effect of Lipo-OAs on PM2.5 and alcohol-induced liver fibrosis in mice. The half maximal inhibitory concentration of PM2.5 for hepatic stellate cells was 900 μg/mL; at a concentration of ≥600 μg/mL, PM2.5 significantly increased interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α production. OA encapsulation in Lipo-OAs, 353 ± 140 nm in diameter with 79% encapsulation efficiency, significantly reduced OA cytotoxicity. Lipo-OAs treatment significantly reduced alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and γ-glutamyltransferase levels; histologically, it alleviated steatosis and improved Ishak’s modified HAI score. In conclusion, Lipo-OAs have potential anti-inflammatory and reparative effects for PM2.5 and alcohol-induced liver injury treatment.
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- 2022
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15. Supplementation of beef extract improves chemotherapy-induced fatigue and toxic effects in mice
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Tsung-Hsien Hsu, Shao-Wen Hung, Chun-Yun Wu, Chien-Chao Chiu, Hsin-Tai Hong, Guo-Chi Lee, Chia-Chi Chen, Jyh-Shiun Lin, and Chean-Ping Wu
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Beef extract ,Chemotherapy ,Fatigue ,Antioxidant enzymes ,Nutrition. Foods and food supply ,TX341-641 - Abstract
Physiological fatigue and toxic effects are commonly associated with chemotherapy. Beef extract (BE) is a nutritional supplement obtained by cooking beef. The present study examined the effects of several BE concentrations on 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-induced fatigue and toxic effects in mice. Results showed BE supplementation ameliorated 5-FU-induced body and organ weight loss. All BE + 5-FU groups demonstrated increased grip strength (135.3–163.2 g), endurance time (567.3–911.3 s), and movement distance (23623–31225 cm) when compared with the 5-FU group (97.6 g, 265.2 s, and 13916 cm). Hepatic and muscular (0.76 and 1.06 mg/g) glycogen levels were maintained in the BE-3x + 5-FU group when compared with the 5-FU group (0.44 and 0.58 mg/g). Moreover, catalase (liver and muscle) and glutathione peroxidase (liver) activities were enhanced. The serum alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and histopathological changes were ameliorated in the BE-2x + 5-FU and BE-3x + 5-FU groups. BE supplementation could provide a novel strategy for managing 5-FU-induced fatigue and toxic effects.
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- 2020
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16. NAMPT Inhibitor and P73 Activator Represses P53 R175H Mutated HNSCC Cell Proliferation in a Synergistic Manner
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Bi-He Cai, Zhi-Yu Bai, Ching-Feng Lien, Si-Jie Yu, Rui-Yu Lu, Ming-Han Wu, Wei-Chen Wu, Chia-Chi Chen, and Yi-Chiang Hsu
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p53 ,p73 ,hand and neck ,NAMPT ,aggregation ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Abstract
The p53 family has the following three members: p53, p63 and p73. p53 is a tumor suppressor gene that frequently exhibits mutation in head and neck cancer. Most p53 mutants are loss-of-function (LoF) mutants, but some acquire some oncogenic function, such as gain of function (GoF). It is known that the aggregation of mutant p53 can induce p53 GoF. The p73 activators RETRA and NSC59984 have an anti-cancer effect in p53 mutation cells, but we found that p73 activators were not effective in all head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cell lines, with different p53 mutants. A comparison of the gene expression profiles of several regulator(s) in mutant HNSCC cells with or without aggregation of p53 revealed that nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) is a key regulator of mutant p53 aggregation. An NAMPT inhibitor, to reduce abnormal aggregation of mutant p53, used in combination with a p73 activator, was able to effectively repress growth in HNSCC cells with p53 GoF mutants. This study, therefore, suggests a potential combination therapy approach for HNSCC with a p53 GoF mutation.
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- 2022
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17. Extracellular HSP90α Induces MyD88-IRAK Complex-Associated IKKα/β−NF-κB/IRF3 and JAK2/TYK2−STAT-3 Signaling in Macrophages for Tumor-Promoting M2-Polarization
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Chi-Shuan Fan, Chia-Chi Chen, Li-Li Chen, Kee Voon Chua, Hui-Chen Hung, John T. -A. Hsu, and Tze-Sing Huang
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tumor-infiltrating macrophage ,M2-polarization ,extracellular HSP90α (eHSP90α) ,CD91 ,TLR4 ,Cytology ,QH573-671 - Abstract
M2-polarization and the tumoricidal to tumor-promoting transition are commonly observed with tumor-infiltrating macrophages after interplay with cancer cells or/and other stroma cells. Our previous study indicated that macrophage M2-polarization can be induced by extracellular HSP90α (eHSP90α) secreted from endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition-derived cancer-associated fibroblasts. To extend the finding, we herein validated that eHSP90α-induced M2-polarized macrophages exhibited a tumor-promoting activity and the promoted tumor tissues had significant increases in microvascular density but decreases in CD4+ T-cell level. We further investigated the signaling pathways occurring in eHSP90α-stimulated macrophages. When macrophages were exposed to eHSP90α, CD91 and toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) functioned as the receptor/co-receptor for eHSP90α binding to recruit interleukin (IL)-1 receptor-associated kinases (IRAKs) and myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88), and next elicited a canonical CD91/MyD88–IRAK1/4–IκB kinase α/β (IKKα/β)–nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB)/interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) signaling pathway. Despite TLR4-MyD88 complex-associated activations of IKKα/β, NF-κB and IRF3 being well-known as involved in macrophage M1-activation, our results demonstrated that the CD91-TLR4-MyD88 complex-associated IRAK1/4−IKKα/β−NF-κB/IRF3 pathway was not only directly involved in M2-associated CD163, CD204, and IL-10 gene expressions but also required for downregulation of M1 inflammatory cytokines. Additionally, Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) and tyrosine kinase 2 (TYK2) were recruited onto MyD88 to induce the phosphorylation and activation of the transcription factor signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (STAT-3). The JAK2/TYK2−STAT-3 signaling is known to associate with tumor promotion. In this study, the MyD88−JAK2/TYK2−STAT-3 pathway was demonstrated to contribute to eHSP90α-induced macrophage M2-polarization by regulating the expressions of M1- and M2-related genes, proangiogenic protein vascular endothelial growth factor, and phagocytosis-interfering factor Sec22b.
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- 2022
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18. Geranium and Lemon Essential Oils and Their Active Compounds Downregulate Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2), a SARS-CoV-2 Spike Receptor-Binding Domain, in Epithelial Cells
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K. J. Senthil Kumar, M. Gokila Vani, Chung-Shuan Wang, Chia-Chi Chen, Yu-Chien Chen, Li-Ping Lu, Ching-Hsiang Huang, Chien-Sing Lai, and Sheng-Yang Wang
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geranium essential oil ,lemon essential oil ,citronellol ,limonene ,ACE2 ,TMPRSS2 ,Botany ,QK1-989 - Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), also known as coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19), is a pandemic disease that has been declared as modern history’s gravest health emergency worldwide. Until now, no precise treatment modality has been developed. The angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor, a host cell receptor, has been found to play a crucial role in virus cell entry; therefore, ACE2 blockers can be a potential target for anti-viral intervention. In this study, we evaluated the ACE2 inhibitory effects of 10 essential oils. Among them, geranium and lemon oils displayed significant ACE2 inhibitory effects in epithelial cells. In addition, immunoblotting and qPCR analysis also confirmed that geranium and lemon oils possess potent ACE2 inhibitory effects. Furthermore, the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS) analysis displayed 22 compounds in geranium oil and 9 compounds in lemon oil. Citronellol, geraniol, and neryl acetate were the major compounds of geranium oil and limonene that represented major compound of lemon oil. Next, we found that treatment with citronellol and limonene significantly downregulated ACE2 expression in epithelial cells. The results suggest that geranium and lemon essential oils and their derivative compounds are valuable natural anti-viral agents that may contribute to the prevention of the invasion of SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 into the human body.
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- 2020
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19. Octyl Gallate Induces Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Cell Apoptosis and Suppresses Endothelial-Mesenchymal Transition-Promoted M2-Macrophages, HSP90α Secretion, and Tumor Growth
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Kee Voon Chua, Chi-Shuan Fan, Chia-Chi Chen, Li-Li Chen, Shu-Chen Hsieh, and Tze-Sing Huang
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octyl gallate ,endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition ,cancer-associated fibroblasts ,myeloid-derived macrophages ,extracellular hsp90α ,Cytology ,QH573-671 - Abstract
Octyl gallate (OG) is a common antioxidant and preservative safely used in food additive and cosmetics. In this study, OG exhibited an activity to induce apoptosis in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cells. It induced BNIP3L level and facilitated physical associations of BNIP3L with Bcl-2 as well as Bcl-XL to set the mitochondrial Bax/Bak channels free for cytochrome c release. In addition, in vivo evaluation also showed that daily oral administration of OG was efficacious to prevent the tumor growth of PDAC cell grafts. Considering PDAC is a desmoplastic tumor consisting of many cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), we further evaluated the efficacy of OG in a CAFs-involved PDAC mouse model. Endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndoMT) is an important source of CAFs. The mix of EndoMT-derived CAFs with PDAC cell grafts significantly recruited myeloid-derived macrophages but prevented immune T cells. HSP90α secreted by EndoMT-derived CAFs further induced macrophage M2-polarization and more HSP90α secretion to expedite PDAC tumor growth. OG exhibited its potent efficacy against the tumor growth, M2-macrophages, and serum HSP90α level in the EndoMT-involved PDAC mouse model. CD91 and TLR4 are cell-surface receptors for extracellular HSP90α (eHSP90α). OG blocked eHSP90α−TLR4 ligation and, thus, prevented eHSP90α-induced M2-macrophages and more HSP90α secretion from macrophages and PDAC cells.
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- 2019
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20. Myeloid-derived macrophages and secreted HSP90α induce pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma development
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Chia-Chi Chen, Li-Li Chen, Chung-Pin Li, Yu-Ting Hsu, Shih-Sheng Jiang, Chi-Shuan Fan, Kee Voon Chua, Sheng-Xiang Huang, Yi-Ming Shyr, Li-Tzong Chen, and Tze-Sing Huang
- Subjects
ehsp90α ,k-ras transgenic mice ,macrophage ,pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma ,tissue microenvironment ,Immunologic diseases. Allergy ,RC581-607 ,Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,RC254-282 - Abstract
We detected a significant elevation of serum HSP90α levels in pancreatitis patients and even more in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) patients. However, there was no significant difference in the serum HSP90α levels between patients with early-stage and late-stage PDAC. To study whether elevation of serum HSP90α levels occurred early during PDAC development, we used LSL-KrasG12D/Pdx1-Cre transgenic mice as a studying model. Elevated serum HSP90α levels were detected before PDAC formation and an extracellular HSP90α (eHSP90α) inhibitor effectively prevented PDAC development. Both serum HSP90α level and pancreatic lesion were suppressed when the mice were administered a CD11b-antagonizing antibody, suggesting that CD11b+-myeloid cells were associated with eHSP90α levels and pancreatic carcinogenesis. Consistently, in CD11b-DTR-EGFP transgenic mouse model with CD11b+-myeloid cells depletion, serum HSP90α levels were suppressed and Panc-02 cell grafts failed to develop tumors. Macrophages and granulocytes are two common tissue-infiltrating CD11b+-myeloid cells. Duplex in situ hybridization assays suggested that macrophages were predominant HSP90α-expressing CD11b+-myeloid cells during PDAC development. Immunohistochemical and immunohistofluorescent staining results revealed that HSP90α-expressing cells included not only macrophages but also pancreatic ductal epithelial (PDE) cells. Cell culture studies also indicated that eHSP90α could be produced by macrophages and macrophage-stimulated PDE cells. Macrophages not only secreted significant amount of HSP90α, but also secreted interleukin-6 and interleukin-8 to induce a JAK2−STAT3 signaling axis in PDE cells, stimulating them to express and secrete HSP90α. eHSP90α further promoted cellular epithelial-mesenchymal transition, migration, and invasion in PDE cells. Besides myeloid cells, eHSP90α can be potentially taken as a target to suppress PDAC pathogenesis.
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- 2018
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21. Injurious Effects of Curcumin on Maturation of Mouse Oocytes, Fertilization and Fetal Development via Apoptosis
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Wen-Hsiung Chan and Chia-Chi Chen
- Subjects
curcumin ,apoptosis ,oocyte maturation ,embryonic development ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
Curcumin, a common dietary pigment and spice, is a hydrophobic polyphenol derived from the rhizome of the herb Curcuma longa. Previously, we reported a cytotoxic effect of curcumin on mouse embryonic stem cells and blastocysts and its association with defects in subsequent development. In the present study, we further investigated the effects of curcumin on oocyte maturation and subsequent pre- and post-implantation development, both in vitro and in vivo. Notably, curcumin induced a significant reduction in the rate of oocyte maturation, fertilization, and in vitro embryonic development. Treatment of oocytes with curcumin during in vitro maturation (IVM) led to increased resorption of postimplantation embryos and decreased fetal weight. Experiments with an in vivo mouse model disclosed that consumption of drinking water containing 40 μM curcumin led to decreased oocyte maturation and in vitro fertilization as well as early embryonic developmental injury. Finally, pretreatment with a caspase-3-specific inhibitor effectively prevented curcumin-triggered injury effects, suggesting that embryo impairment by curcumin occurs mainly via a caspase-dependent apoptotic process.
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- 2012
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22. Hazardous Effects of Curcumin on Mouse Embryonic Development through a Mitochondria-Dependent Apoptotic Signaling Pathway
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Wen-Hsiung Chan, Fu-Jen Huang, Yan-Der Hsuuw, Ming-Shu Hsieh, and Chia-Chi Chen
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curcumin ,blastocyst ,apoptosis ,development ,ROS ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
In this study, we examined the cytotoxic effects of curcumin, the yellow pigment of Curcuma longa, on the blastocyst stage of mouse embryos, subsequent embryonic attachment, and outgrowth in vitro and in vivo implantation by embryo transfer. Mouse blastocysts were incubated in medium with or without curcumin (6, 12 or 24 μM) for 24 h. Cell proliferation and growth were investigated using dual differential staining, apoptosis was analyzed with terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL), and implantation and post-implantation development of embryos were measured by in vitro development analysis and in vivo embryo transfer, respectively. Blastocysts treated with 24 μM curcumin displayed significantly increased apoptosis and decreased total cell number. Interestingly, we observed no marked differences in the implantation success rates between curcumin-pretreated and control blastocysts during in vitro embryonic development through implantation with a fibronectin-coated culture dish. However, in vitro treatment with 24 μM curcumin was associated with decreased implantation rate and increased resorption of postimplantation embryos in mouse uterus, as well as decreased fetal weight in the embryo transfer assay. Our results collectively indicate that in vitro exposure to curcumin triggers apoptosis and retards early postimplantation development after transfer to host mice. In addition, curcumin induces apoptotic injury effects on mouse blastocysts through ROS generation, and further promotes mitochondria-dependent apoptotic signaling processes to impair sequent embryonic development.
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- 2010
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23. Inhibition of Citrinin-Induced Apoptotic Biochemical Signaling in Human Hepatoma G2 Cells by Resveratrol
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Chia-Chi Chen and Wen-Hsiung Chan
- Subjects
resveratrol ,citrinin ,ROS ,JNK ,apoptosis ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
The mycotoxin citrinin (CTN), a natural contaminant in foodstuffs and animal feeds, exerts cytotoxic and genotoxic effects on various mammalian cells. CTN causes cell injury, including apoptosis, but its precise regulatory mechanisms of action are currently unclear. Resveratrol, a member of the phytoalexin family found in grapes and other dietary plants, possesses antioxidant and anti-tumor properties. In the present study, we examined the effects of resveratrol on apoptotic biochemical events in Hep G2 cells induced by CTN. Resveratrol inhibited CTN-induced ROS generation, activation of JNK, loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), as well as activation of caspase-9, caspase-3 and PAK2. Moreover, resveratrol and the ROS scavengers, NAC and α-tocopherol, abolished CTN-stimulated intracellular oxidative stress and apoptosis. Active JNK was required for CTN-induced mitochondria-dependent apoptotic biochemical changes, including loss of MMP, and activation of caspases and PAK2. Activation of PAK2 was essential for apoptosis triggered by CTN. These results collectively demonstrate that CTN stimulates ROS generation and JNK activation for mitochondria-dependent apoptotic signaling in Hep G2 cells, and these apoptotic biochemical events are blocked by pretreatment with resveratrol, which exerts antioxidant effects.
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- 2009
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24. White Matter Differences in Networks in Elders with Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer's Disease.
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Fan Pei Gloria Yang, Sukhdeep Singh Bal, Jia-Fu Lee, and Chia-Chi Chen
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- 2021
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25. Evaluating Recurrence Risk in Patients Undergoing Breast-conserving Surgery Using E-cadherin Staining as a Biomarker.
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CHIEH-NI KAO, CHIA-CHI CHEN, WAN-LING CHU, CHI-WEN LUO, WEI-LUN HUANG, SIN-HUA MOI, MING-FENG HOU, and MEI-REN PAN
- Subjects
BREAST surgery ,CANCER relapse ,CADHERINS ,IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY ,CLINICAL trials - Abstract
Background/Aim: Following the National Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelines, radiotherapy is administered after breast-conserving surgery (BCS) in patients with more than four positive lymph nodes. Four positive lymph nodes are typically considered an indicator to assess disease spread and patient prognosis. However, the subjective counting of positive axillary lymph nodes underscores the need for biomarkers to improve diagnostic precision and reduce the risk of unnecessary treatments. Loss of E-cadherin expression is associated with cancer metastasis, but its potential as a predictive marker for cancer treatment remains uncertain. This study aimed to investigate the validity of E-cadherin as a reference for adjuvant radiotherapy in breast cancer patients with positive lymph nodes post-mastectomy. Materials and Methods: Immunohistochemistry was performed on 60 clinical tissue specimens to assess these implications. Results: Although no significant result was found in a single E-cadherin subgroup (low, medium, and high subgroups according to the X-tile algorithm), the proposed multivariate model, including the Ecadherin category, breast cancer subtype, and tumor size, yielded satisfactory recurrence risk estimation results for patients undergoing BCS. Patients with a low E-cadherin category, triple-negative breast cancers, and tumor size over 5 cm could have an increased risk of recurrence. Conclusion: Our study proposed a multivariate model that serves as a candidate prognostic factor for recurrence-free survival in patients undergoing BCS and radiotherapy. Utilizing this model for patient stratification in high-risk diseases and as a standard for assessing postoperative intensified therapy can potentially improve patient outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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26. A Study for S-generation of Children's Creative Thinking Ability.
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Yu-Che Huang, Cheng-Yu Liu 0001, and Chia-Chi Chen
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- 2019
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27. Research on the Application of QFD in the Merchandise Presentation of Budget Accessories in the Hypermarket.
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Yu-Che Huang, Chia-Chi Chen, and Chia-Cheng Hsu
- Published
- 2019
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28. Concept Assessment System Integrated with a Knowledge Map Using Deep Learning.
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Nen-Fu Huang, Chia-Chi Chen, Jian-Wei Tzeng, Tung-Te Fang, and Chia-An Lee
- Published
- 2018
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29. Analysis of the components of commercially traditional herbal tea (Platostoma palustre) in Taiwan
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null Hsing-Tan Liu, null Chien-Hsiang Ni, null Ya-Peng Wang, null Tsung-Han Wu, null Chia-Chi Chen, null Ya-Ling Cyue, null Yen-Jung Lu, null Pi-Hsin Chen, null Shih-Yi Guo, null Suz-Ching Ke, null Yu-Ying Fang, null Szu-Ping Sung, null Chien-Chao Chiu, null Ching-Feng Chiu, null Hsuan-Wen Chiu, null Wei-Huang Tsai, null Yu-Hsing Lin, and null Shao-Wen Hung
- Abstract
Platostoma palustre jelly is a traditional food. It has been used as folk medicine and is effective against heat-shock, hypertension and diabetes. Therefore, the aim of this study was want to analyze the components of commercially traditional herbal tea (P. palustre) in Taiwan. The commercial herbal tea (P. palustre) was kindly provided by Yueta Agricultural Biotechnology Inc. The detection methods of the components of commercially traditional herbal tea (P. palustre) were followed the analysis protocols in Taiwan Herbal Pharmacopeia (IV). The levels of chlorogenic acid, rosmarinic acid, caffeic acid, and rutin were detected via using high-performance liquid chromatography / photodiode array detector (HPLC-PDA). The level of astragaloside was detected by using high-performance liquid chromatography / evaporative light scattering detectors (HPLC-ELSD). In this analysis, the levels of chlorogenic acid, astragaloside, and rutin were not detected. The levels of rosmarinic acid and caffeic acid were 46.96 μg/mL and 29.29 μg/mL, respectively. Taken all results together, the components of commercially traditional herbal tea (P. palustre) were detected via HPLC-PDA and HPLC-ELSD. The major components of commercially traditional herbal tea (P. palustre) were rosmarinic acid and caffeic acid. Based on the results of this assay, it is speculated that the herbal tea has the functional properties that are considerable potential for physiological function regulations.
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- 2023
30. (Invited) Non-Enzymatic Glucose Sensor Fabricated By Ni-Nanowires Decorated Graphene Gated FETs
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Sheng-Chun Hung, Chia-Chi Chen, Yu-Cheng Lin, and Chung-Wei Lin
- Subjects
General Medicine - Abstract
In this study, an innovative non-invasive glucose sensor made of nickel nanowire-decorated graphene-gated field-effect transistors is demonstrated. Due to the redox reaction between nickel nanowires and glucose molecules, electron exchange occurs when Ni(III) reacts with glucose to form Ni(II) and gluconolactone. Changes in electron concentration are amplified by transistors at the bottom, improving detection sensitivity. In this study, the electrical properties of glucose sensor fabricated from nickel nanowire/graphene/gold surfaces was studied. Since the CVD-grown graphene film has excellent electrical conductivity, the electrons generated by the redox reaction can be quickly and evenly dispersed. The results show that the glucose sensor with graphene film has good current stability, low detection limit and good linear relationship between current and concentration. The demonstrated nickel wire-decorated graphene-gated FET biosensor can be used for the quantification of glucose with a linear range of 10-50 mM and a detection limit of 51nM.
- Published
- 2023
31. A novel vCPE framework for enabling virtual network functions with multiple flow tables architecture in SDN switches.
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Nen-Fu Huang, Chi-Hsuan Li, Chia-Chi Chen, I-Hsien Hsu, Che-Chuan Li, and Ching-Hsuan Chen
- Published
- 2017
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32. Application identification system for SDN QoS based on machine learning and DNS responses.
- Author
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Nen-Fu Huang, Che-Chuan Li, Chi-Hsuan Li, Chia-Chi Chen, Ching-Hsuan Chen, and I-Hsien Hsu
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- 2017
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33. Establishment of a dextran sulfate sodium-induced ulcerative disease mouse model
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null Yu-Hsing Lin, null Yun-Xuan Chang, null Tzu-Yun Chi, null Tsung-Han Wu, null Ya-Peng Wang, null Yen-Jung Lu, null Chia-Yu Lin, null Ping-Min Huang, null Guan-Hong Chen, null Chien-Chao Chiu, null Ching-Feng Chiu, null Hsuan-Wen Chiu, null Wei-Huang Tsai, null Chia-Chi Chen, and null Shao-Wen Hung
- Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are multifactorial chronic intestinal disorders. Currently, mesalamine etc. and therapeutic strategies were suggested for IBD therapy. However, the etiology of IBD remains unclear which is an ongoing challenge and side effects of therapeutic drugs must be also considered. Thus, the aim of this study was to establish an optimal mouse model of IBD for the drug and therapeutic strategy investigations. Herein, 12 mice with 2% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis (the negative control group) were via oral administration. Twelve mice were administered with drinking water without 2% DSS (the normal control group) via the same method as DSS-induced mice. At the end of the experiment, the body weight (BW), the stool appearance/status, the macroscopic and microscopic colonic injuries, and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity were monitored, measured, and scored. The results showed that BALB/c mice’ BW decreased on D6-D8 of 2% DSS induction and then BALB/c mice’ BW continuously increased until D13 of the experiment. The stool appearance/status was seen soft stool on D2 of 2% DSS induction. The soft stool was mainly occurred on D2-D6 of 2% DSS induction. In addition, the watery stool was occurred on D4 of 2% DSS induction and was continuous until the end of the experiment (D14). The macroscopic colonic injuries were showed that colon length of the negative group (2% DSS-induced group) was significantly shorter than that of the normal control group (p < 0.001). The colon weight of the negative group was significantly increase than that of the normal control group (p < 0.001). The colon weight / length ratio in the negative group was significantly higher than that of the normal control group (p < 0.001). According to the histopathologic scores (evaluation of the microscopic colonic injuries), the scores of area, ulceration, inflammation, and edema in the colon tissues of the negative group was significantly higher than that of the normal control group (p < 0.001). The total histopathologic scores in the negative group was significantly higher than that of the normal control group (p < 0.001). The myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity in the inflamed colon tissue of the negative group was significantly higher than that of the normal control group (p < 0.001). Taken all results together, a DSS-induced ulcerative disease mouse model was successfully established. We hope that this animal model may be a useful tool for the research of the better therapeutics for IBD.
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- 2022
34. Introductory Chapter: Animal Welfare - New Insights
- Author
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Chia-Chi, Chen, Tseng-Ting, Kao, Chung-Lun, Lu, and Shao-Wen, Hung
- Published
- 2023
35. Dynamic Normalization BPN for Stock Price Forecasting.
- Author
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Chia-Chi Chen, Chun Kuo, Shu-Yu Kuo, and Yao-Hsin Chou
- Published
- 2015
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36. Evaluation of experimental animal behaviors through establishment of an ovalbumin-induced experimental mouse model of allergic rhinitis
- Author
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null Yu-Hsing Lin, null Yun-Xuan Chang, null Ying-Ching Hung, null Tzu-Yun Chi, null Ping-Min Huang, null Ya-Peng Wang, null Tsung-Han Wu, null Yen-Jung Lu, null Chia-Yu Lin, null Guan-Hong Chen, null Chien-Chao Chiu, null Ching-Feng Chiu, null Hsuan-Wen Chiu, null Wei-Huang Tsai, null Chia-Chi Chen, and null Shao-Wen Hung
- Abstract
Allergic rhinitis (AR) was also called hay fever which was a type of nasal inflammation when the immune system overreacts to environmental allergen exposures. AR’s clinical symptoms included a runny or stuffy nose, sneezing, red, itchy, watery eyes, and eye swelling. The fluid in the nasal cavity was usually clear. Patients with AR can affect sleep and work qualities. Seriously, the AR symptoms can also cause asthma, allergic conjunctivitis, or atopic dermatitis. Therefore, it is an important issue to attenuate AR symptoms and research the novel therapeutic drugs for AR patients. The purpose of this study was to introduce an easy-to-establish experimental mouse model of AR. In this study, the male BALB/c mice were divided respectively into as the Group A (n = 12) and the Group B (n = 12). Group A and Group B were designed as the normal control and RA, respectively. BALB/c mice in Group B were sensitized by intraperitoneal injection of ovalbumin (OVA) on day 0, day 4, day 13, and day 20, followed by continuous nasal administration of OVA solution once per day between day 21-43. BALB/c mice in Group A received sensitization of intraperitoneal injection of phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) on day 0, day 4, day 13, and day 20 and continuous nasal administration of PBS instead of OVA once per day between day 21-43. Before and after sensitization, the frequencies of nasal symptoms (sneezing, nasal rubbing) were recorded and counted. Results were showed that sneezing times in Group B were higher than Group A on D29, D30, D36, and D43 of the experiment. The sneezing times in Group A were significant higher on D29 and D30 of the experiment. However, the sneezing times in Group B were significant higher on D29, D30, D36, and D43 of the experiment. The rubbing times in Group B were higher than Group A on D29, D30, D36, and D43 of the experiment. The rubbing times in Group A were significant higher on D30 and D43 of the experiment. However, the rubbing times in Group B were significant higher on D29, D30, D36, and D43 of the experiment. Based on these results, a successful mouse model of AR has been established. We hope that this RA mouse model will provide a tool for the research of the novel AR therapeutic drugs and apply these novel AR therapeutic drugs to attenuate the AR symptoms in AR patients in the future.
- Published
- 2022
37. Application of the novel environment-cleaned light-emitting diode devices in various test fields
- Author
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null Yu-Hsing Lin, null Tzu-Yun Chi, null Yun-Xuan Chang, null Chia-Yu Lin, null Ya-Peng Wang, null Hsiao-Yun Chen, null Ping-Min Huang, null Guan-Hong Chen, null Ying-Ching Hung, null Tsung-Han Wu, null Yen-Jung Lu, null Chien-Chao Chiu, null Ching-Feng Chiu, null Hsuan-Wen Chiu, null Wei-Huang Tsai, null Chia-Chi Chen, and null Shao-Wen Hung
- Abstract
Faced with the impact of extreme climate, countries have proposed carbon dioxide emission reductions, hoping to achieve carbon neutrality by 2050, and Taiwan’s industries must also face the transformation of low-carbon green energy. Light-emitting diode (LED) is a cost effective semiconductor device that produces light within a narrow bandwidth of wavelength through electroluminescence. Recently, LED technology has attention to apply in the area of food production, preservation, and safety. At present, some researches have been demonstrated that the antimicrobial LED visible light is less anti-microbial efficacy than ultraviolet (UV) light. However, the antimicrobial LED visible light has been recognized as an alternative technology to UV light since it is an environmentally friendly and safe technology for human and animals. For this reason, LED technology has recently received attention for applying in many test fields as laboratory, pig farms, computer, bio-medical industries etc. In this study, this novel clean and disinfect tool-novel environment-cleaned LED devices were tested in the various fields and obtained the positive results as the application of novel environment-cleaned LED devices on anti-fungal efficacy, and ethylene, PM2.5, and harmful gas degradations in laboratory, anti-bacterial and virus efficacy in laboratory and/or pig farms, anti-microbial notebook panel development, and anti-colorectal cancer in vitro. In the future, we wish this novel environment-cleaned LED devices will friendly used in human and animal environments to decrease the harmful matters in the environments.
- Published
- 2022
38. Development of skin health test efficacy modules in vivo
- Author
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null Yu-Hsing Lin, null Yun-Xuan Chang, null Tzu-Yun Chi, null Hsiao-Yun Chen, null Ping-Min Huang, null Chia-Yu Lin, null Ya-Peng Wang, null Ying-Ching Hung, null Guan-Hong Chen, null Tsung-Han Wu, null Yen-Jung Lu, null Chien-Chao Chiu, null Ching-Feng Chiu, null Hsuan-Wen Chiu, null Wei-Huang Tsai, null Chia-Chi Chen, and null Shao-Wen Hung
- Abstract
Sunlight contains ultraviolet (UV) light that causes sunburn and makes the skin age faster, leading to more wrinkles as older. The UV light can come from the natural and artificial sources. Moreover, UV light has shorter wavelengths than the visible light. Therefore, people’ eyes can’t see UV, but people’ skin can feel it. In this study, the in vivo skin health test efficacy modules have been established via the detection of skin’s moisture retention (%), skin’s cytokine expression levels, enzymatic expressions in the skin, the expression levels of hyaluronic acid (HA), collagen type I, melanin, and malondialdehyde (MDA) in the skin, and the experimental mice’ skin thickness and lesions via histo-pathologic examination. According to the results, the clinical behavior observation indexes of Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) mice in each group were normal during the experiments. Moreover, all ICR mice were survival until the end of the experiments. The moisture retention (%) of skin in ICR mice in UVB group was significant decrease after D1, D3, and D5 of UVB irradiation compared to the normal control group. Based on the IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α analysis expressions, both IL-1β and IL-6 expressions in UVB group were significantly increase than the control group, while there was no significant difference in the TNF-α expression between the groups. ICR mice’ skin enzymatic expressions in each group presented that catalase (CAT) expression and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in UVB group were significantly lower than the control group. The MDA expression in UVB group were significantly higher than the control group. The HA and collagen type I expressions in UVB group were significantly lower than the control group. However, the melanin expressions in UVB group and the control groups were not significantly different. The matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2) expressions in UVB group was significantly higher than the control group. The skin epidermal thickness in UVB group was significantly thicker than the control group. The dermal thickness in two groups was not significantly different. The number of sunburn cells in the derma in UVB group was significantly increase than the control group. The solar elastosis in the derma in two groups was not significantly different. Based on the above results, we have successfully established in vivo skin health test efficacy modules to evaluate the status of skin health. We hope the modules should be provide for the research and development (R&D) of the effective treatment included drugs and therapeutic strategies.
- Published
- 2022
39. Effects of herbal tea (Platostoma palustre) on blood glucose regulation in vivo
- Author
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null Hsing-Tan Liu, null Yun-Xuan Chang, null Tzu-Yun Chi, null Ya-Peng Wang, null Tsung-Han Wu, null Yen-Jung Lu, null Pi-Hsin Chen, null Ya-Ling Cyue, null Shih-Yi Guo, null Suz-Ching Ke, null Tseng-Han Chou, null Chien-Chao Chiu, null Ching-Feng Chiu, null Hsuan-Wen Chiu, null Wei-Huang Tsai, null Yu-Hsing Lin, null Chia-Chi Chen, and null Shao-Wen Hung
- Subjects
Blood glucose ,Herbal tea ,In vivo ,Platostoma palustre ,Regulation ,General Medicine - Abstract
Platostoma palustrejelly is a traditional food.Platostoma palustrehas been used as folk medicine and is effective against heat-shock, hypertension and diabetes. Therefore, the aim ofin vivostudy was to determine the effects of herbal tea (Platostoma palustre) on blood glucose regulation. The commercial herbal tea (Platostoma palustre) was kindly provided by Yueta Agricultural Biotechnology Inc. Adult male 18 Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) mice [8 weeks old; body weight (BW) between 31-33 g] with specific pathogen-free conditions were used for this study. All ICR mice were divided respectively the normal control group (n = 6), the negative control group (n = 6), and the herbal tea group (n = 6). The ICR mice (the negative control group and the herbal tea group) were intraperitoneally injected with streptozotocin (65 mg/kg BW) and nicotinamide (230 mg/kg BW) for inducing the symptoms of hyperglycemia. In the herbal tea group, the herbal tea (10 mL/kg BW) was administrated to ICR mice by gavage. To monitor the blood glucose levels in ICR mice, blood was obtained from the tail of ICR mice, and blood glucose levels were determined using the external glucometer. Blood glucose measurements were conducted once in ICR mice before the experiment and were detected once per month after the experiment. Additionally, the change of ICR mice’ BW, the blood glucose of ICR mice, and the observation of ICR mice’ behavior were monitored and detected during the experiment. The results of this experiment showed · Weight change: the weight gain of the negative control group and the herbal tea group were significantly lower than those of the normal control group and there was no significant difference between the negative control group and the herbal tea group. · Fasting blood glucose and postprandial blood glucose: the fasting blood glucose of the negative control group was significantly higher than that of the normal control group, while the herbal tea group had a tendency to lower the fasting blood glucose, but there was no significant difference compared with the negative control group. The postprandial blood glucose level results showed that the negative control group was significantly higher than the normal control group. The postprandial blood glucose level of the herbal tea group was between the normal control group and the negative control group at the 4thweek administration with the herbal tea. At the 8thweek administration with the herbal tea, there was a significant difference compared with the negative control group. · Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT): 4 to 12 weeks after hyperglycemia was induced, the blood glucose levels of the negative control group at each OGTT test point were significantly higher than those of the normal control group. The blood glucose level at the test point tended to decrease, but there was no significant difference from the negative control group. By calculating the area under the OGTT curve, it was found that the area under the curve of the negative control group was significantly higher than that of the normal control group, while the results of the herbal tea group at the 8thand 12thweeks were significantly lower than those of the negative control group. Taken all results together, the hyperglycemia was successfully induced in the experimental ICR mice. After administrating with the herbal tea, the fasting blood glucose level of the ICR mice tended to improve. In addition, a significant improvement was seen in the results of postprandial blood sugar and oral glucose tolerance test effectiveness. Therefore, based on the results of this experiment, it is speculated that drinking the herbal tea for 3 months has considerable potential for blood glucose regulation, which can be used as the basis for the development of related products of the herbal tea in the future.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Prognostic factors of disease-free survival in patients with breast cancer
- Author
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Chia-Chi Chen, Wei-Hua Tang, Cheng-Ching Wu, Thung-Lip Lee, I-Ting Tsai, Chin-Feng Hsuan, Wei-Chin Hung, Fu-Mei Chung, Yau-Jiunn Lee, Teng-Hung Yu, and Ching-Ting Wei
- Abstract
Background Breast cancer is the second most common malignancy globally and a leading cause of cancer death in women. Analysis of factors related to disease-free survival (DFS) has improved understanding of the disease and characteristics related to recurrence. The aim of this study was to investigate the predictors of DFS in patients with breast cancer to enable the identification of patients at high risk who may benefit from prevention interventions.Methods We retrospectively analyzed 559 women with breast cancer who underwent treatment between 2004 and 2022. The study endpoint was DFS (including local recurrence, regional recurrence, secondary breast cancer, or death from any cause). Baseline tumor-related characteristics, treatment-related characteristics, sociodemographic and biochemical data were analyzed using Cox proportional hazards analysis and receiving operating characteristic curves. The median DFS was 45 months (range, 2 to 225 months).Results Breast cancer recurred in 86 patients (15.4%). Regression analysis showed that age, body mass index, surgery type, T3-T4 clinical tumor stage, tumor grade 3, American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) stage III, Ki67 ≥ 14%, estrogen receptor-negative, progesterone receptor-negative, chemotherapy, carcinoembryonic antigen, CA153, red cell distribution width (RDW)-standard deviation (SD), aspartate aminotransferase, estimated glomerular filtration rate, albumin, hemoglobin, RDW-coefficient of variation, and platelet, white blood cell, neutrophil and monocyte count were associated with DFS. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that AJCC stage III, Ki67 ≥ 14%, albumin, platelet, and RDW-SD were independently associated with DFS. Furthermore, Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that albumin ≤ 4.1 g/dl, platelet ≥ 253 10^3/µl, RDW-SD ≥ 44 fL were significantly reduced DFS in patients with breast cancer.Conclusions In addition to the traditional prognostic factors such as AJCC stage III and Ki67 ≥ 14%, preoperative a cutoff albumin value of ≤ 4.1 g/dl, a cutoff platelet value of ≥ 253 10^3/µl, and a cutoff RDW-SD value of ≥ 44 fL could significantly predict DFS in patients with breast cancer.
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- 2023
41. Evaluation of eye protection efficacy of sweet potato leaf ethanolic extracts In Vivo
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null Yu-Hsing Lin, null Yun-Xuan Chang, null Hsiao-Yun Chen, null Ping-Min Huang, null Chia-Yu Lin, null Tzu-Yun Chi, null Guan-Hong Chen, null Ying-Ching Hung, null Ya-Peng Wang, null Tsung-Han Wu, null Yen-Jung Lu, null Chien-Chao Chiu, null Ching-Feng Chiu, null Hsuan-Wen Chiu, null Wei-Huang Tsai, null Chia-Chi Chen, and null Shao-Wen Hung
- Abstract
Many studies have been verified that human retina contains a large amount of carotenoids such as lutein and zeaxanthin, especially the concentrations of lutein and zeaxanthin in the retina and macula are 1,000 times higher than other tissues in human. Therefore, lutein and zeaxanthin play an important role in the health of human vision. The research and development (R&D) of agricultural functional materials or products for eye protection is urgently needed. In this experiment, except for the normal control group, the other groups were irradiated with light-emitting diode (LED) light at the range of 600-1,000 lux for 12 hours / day for 6 weeks. All BALB/c mice were fed with the normal composition for 6 weeks during the experiment. BALB/c mice in the negative control group and three sweet potato leaf ethanolic extracts (SPLEE) groups were fed SPLEE [0.31, 0.62, and 1.23 mg/kg body weight (BW), respectively] for 6 weeks by gavage during the experiment. During the experiment, the eye status of BALB/c mice in each group were observed every week. At the end of the experiment, the BALB/c mice were sacrificed and their eyes in each group were collected for hematoxylin & eosin (H&E) staining, immunohistochemical (IHC) staining, free radical detection, and the detection of cytokine gene expressions (IL-6; interleukin-6 and TNF-α; tumor necrosis factor-α) and caspase-3 gene expression. Based on the results of this experiment, no obvious lesions by ophthalmoscopy were observed in the eyes of BALB/c mice in three SPLEE groups. H&E and IHC staining results showed that the consumption of high dose (1.23 mg/kg BW) of SPLEE significantly improved retinal outer nuclear layer (ONL) thickness, which was compared to the negative control group. Other evaluation indicators included retinal out segments-inner segments (OS/IS) thickness, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) staining, and middle-wavelength opsin (M-opsin) staining, showed no significant difference among three SPLEE groups and the negative control group. The free radical detection results showed that no statistical difference between all groups (p > 0.05), however, the trend showed that the free radicals in the high and middle doses (1.23 and 0.62 mg/kg BW) of SPLEE groups were lower than those in the negative control group and the low dose (0.31 mg/kg BW) of SPLEE group. The results of IL-6 and TNF-α gene expression showed that the normal control group and three SPLEE groups were significantly lower than the negative control group (p < 0.05), while the gene expression of caspase-3 was not significantly differences between all groups (p > 0.05). Taken these results together, the high dose SPLEE (1.23 mg/kg BW) has the better potential for improving the retinal ONL thickness and anti-inflammatory effects under LED irradiation.
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- 2022
42. Evaluation of the prevention of fat accumulation efficacy of sweet potato fermented products in vivo
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null Yu-Hsing Lin, null Yun-Xuan Chang, null Tzu-Yun Chi, null Hsiao-Yun Chen, null Ying-Ching Hung, null Chia-Yu Lin, null Guan-Hong Chen, null Ya-Peng Wang, null Ping-Min Huang, null Tsung-Han Wu, null Yen-Jung Lu, null Chien-Chao Chiu, null Ching-Feng Chiu, null Hsuan-Wen Chiu, null Wei-Huang Tsai, null Chia-Chi Chen, and null Shao-Wen Hung
- Abstract
Over-nutrition rather than under-nutrition is an important public health challenge in some developed countries. However, the under-nutrition is a major problem according to the global perspective. Therefore, the research and development (R&D) of agricultural functional materials or products for the prevention of fat accumulation is urgently needed. In this experiment, Sprague Dawley (SD) rats in the normal control group were fed with the normal composition for 8 weeks during the experiment. SD rats in the negative control group and three sweet potato fermented products (SPFP) groups were fed a high fat diet for 8 weeks during the experiment. According to the experimental design, three doses SPFP [250, 500, and 1,000 mg/kg body weight (BW)] will be administered after 4 weeks of feeding the high fat diet. During the experiment, BW of the SD rats was recorded every week and blood, liver, and body fat were collected for analysis of body fat rate, blood lipid content, blood glucose content, liver lipid content, and liver and renal functions. Based on the results, the consumption of SPFP does not affect liver and kidney functions, indicating that SPFP is a safe and edible agricultural material. BW change of the normal control group was significantly lower than that of the negative control group and three SPFP groups (p < 0.05). In addition, there was no significant difference in the BW change rate among the groups eat the high fat feed (p > 0.05), but the trend of BW change rate in the low and middle doses of SPFP groups was lower than that in the other high fat feed groups. The food utilization rate of the high fat diet group was significantly higher than that of the normal diet group (p < 0.05). The body fat rate of the normal control group was significantly lower than that of the high fat feed groups (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference between the high fat feed groups (p > 0.05). However, the trend showed that the body fat rate of the low and middle doses of SPFP groups were lower than that of the negative control group and the high dose of SPFP group. In addition, the results of other measurement indicators such as blood lipid content, blood glucose content, and liver lipid content did not show any negative effects of SPFP. Based on the above results, although SPFP on the prevention of body fat accumulation was not significantly exhibited, however, the trend shows that the low and middle doses of SPFP can decrease body fat production. Taken these results together, SPFP may has the potential for the prevention of fat accumulation.
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- 2022
43. Effects of Platostoma palustre ethanolic extracts and commercial herbal tea on the cell viability of colorectal cancer cells
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Yu-Hsing Lin, Yun-Xuan Chang, Chia-Chi Chen, Hsiao-Yun Chen, Ying-Ching Hung, Tzu-Yun Chi, Chia-Yu Lin, Guan-Hong Chen, Ping-Min Huang, Ya-Peng Wang, Tsung-Han Wu, Yen-Jung Lu, Chien-Chao Chiu, Ching-Feng Chiu, Hsuan-Wen Chiu, Wei-Huang Tsai, and Shao-Wen Hung
- Subjects
Cell viability ,Colorectal cancer ,Commercial herbal tea ,Ethanolic extraction ,In vitro ,Platostoma palustre extracts - Abstract
Platostoma palustrejelly is a traditional food.Platostoma palustrehas been used as folk medicine and is effective against heat-shock, hypertension and diabetes. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the effects of ethanolic extracts and commercial herbal tea ofPlatostoma palustrein inhibiting colorectal cancer cell viability. The ethanolic extracts ofPlatostoma palustreby using 90% ethanol for extraction. In this study, 2-fold serial dilution of 100 mg/mLPlatostoma palustreextracts were applied. On other hand, the same dilution fold was also performed for 100% commercial herbal tea withPlatostoma palustre. Additionally, CT-26 and HT-29 colorectal cancer cell lines were also used in this study. After co-culturing for 24 hours, the cell viability of CT-26 and HT-29 colorectal cancer cell lines were performed by using 3-(4, 5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. According to these data, the 1.56-100 mg/mLPlatostoma palustreextracts possessed the significant inhibition effects of CT-26 colorectal cancer cell viability. The 3.13-100% commercial herbal tea withPlatostoma palustrepossessed the significant inhibition effects of CT-26 colorectal cancer cell viability. The 6.25-100 mg/mLPlatostoma palustreextracts possessed the significant inhibition effects of HT-29 colorectal cancer cell viability. The 25-100% commercial herbal tea withPlatostoma palustrepossessed the significant inhibition effects of HT-29 colorectal cancer cell viability. However, the 0.39-3.13 mg/mLPlatostoma palustreextracts possessed the significant promoting effects of HT-29 colorectal cancer cell viability. The 0.39-12.5% commercial herbal tea withPlatostoma palustrealso possessed the significant promoting effects of HT-29 colorectal cancer cell viability. Comparison of CT-26 and HT-29 cell lines was on the cell viability afterPlatostoma palustreethanolic extracts and commercial herbal tea treatments, CT-26 cell line was better sensitive than HT-29 cell line on the inhibition of cell viability after treatment ofPlatostoma palustreethanolic extracts and the commercial herbal tea. Taken these results together,Platostoma palustreethanolic extracts and commercial herbal tea may have a potential for inhibiting the growth of colorectal cancer cells.
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- 2022
44. Establishment of an in vitro flow cytometric detection method for lipid-accumulated cells
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null Yu-Hsing Lin, null Chia-Chi Chen, null Hsiao-Yun Chen, null Ying-Ching Hung, null Yun-Xuan Chang, null Tzu-Yun Chi, null Chia-Yu Lin, null Guan-Hong Chen, null Ping-Min Huang, null Tsung-Han Wu, null Yen-Jung Lu, null Chien-Chao Chiu, null Ching-Feng Chiu, null Hsuan-Wen Chiu, null Wei-Huang Tsai, null Wen-Der Fang, and null Shao-Wen Hung
- Abstract
Eukaryotic cells can store and converse excess lipid to the cytosolic lipid droplets. Adipogenesis of preadipocytes has been often used to study the molecular basis and the effect of obesity drugs on fat cell conversion. Many methods were developed for the detection of the cytosolic lipid droplets as Nile red, BODIPY 493/503 (4, 4-difluoro-1, 3, 5, 7, 8-pentamethyl-4-bora-3a, 4adiaza-s-indacene), BODIPY 665/676, 1,6-diphenylhexatriene (DPH), DAPI, Hoechst, Sudan III, and Oil-red O. The differences in the spectral properties of these lipophilic dyes and their advantages of each are discussed. In this study, an in vitro flow cytometric detection method was established for the detection of lipid-accumulated cells. Commonly, the longer the period of adipogenic induction, the greater the quantity of lipid in fat cell can accumulate. Thus, to determine whether increasing the fat stored within a cell would result in the greater granularity. 3T3-L1 cells in culture were hormonally induced for adipogenesis. Then, these cells were dissociated and analyzed in a flow cytometer at 0, 5, and 10 days post-induction. After adipogenic induction, the cells had become increasingly heterogeneous in their cellular granularity. The cells containing greater granular structure were markedly increased, and this increase in granularity positively correlated with the time of the post-adipogenic induction. On the other analysis, the 0 and 10 days post adipogenic induction of 3T3-L1 cells were gated for 4 regions. The R1 region contains cells with a level of granularity similar to that seen in the control cells (non-adipogenic induction), whereas R2 to R4 regions contain cells with increasing granularity. According to all data, we have successfully established an in vitro flow cytometric detection method for the detection of lipid-accumulated cells. We wish this method will be applied on the research of obesity drugs and the design of therapeutic strategies for obesity in the future.
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- 2022
45. Establishment of a Surgery-Induced Osteoarthritis Rat Model
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Yu-Hsing Lin, Chia-Chi Chen, and Hsiao-Yun Chen
- Abstract
The degenerative arthritis has been a common knee joint disease in Taiwan. In mild cases of degenerative arthritis, it may just be a little uncomfortable to walk, but severe degenerative arthritis will cause difficulty in walking and even loss of basic mobility. The loss of articular cartilage in degenerative arthritis is irrecoverable. Currently, the degeneration of the knee joint can be easily divided into three levels based on its severity: primary, intermediate, and severe. The choice of treatments for degenerative arthritis will vary in according to different levels that is mainly divided into the non-surgical treatment and surgical treatment. Therefore, how to prevent knee joint degeneration is an important issue. In this study, anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT) plus medial meniscectomy (MMx) surgery were used to established a rat model with degenerative arthritis. According to all data, we have successfully established a rat model with degenerative arthritis via ACLT-MMx surgery. We wish this model will applied on the research of degenerative arthritis drugs and the design of therapeutic strategies for degenerative arthritis in the future.
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- 2022
46. Evaluation of genotoxicity of ethanolic extracts of Platostoma palustre by micronucleus assay
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null Yu-Hsing Lin, null Yun-Xuan Chang, null Tzu-Yun Chi, null Hsiao-Yun Chen, null Ying-Ching Hung, null Chia-Yu Lin, null Guan-Hong Chen, null Ya-Peng Wang, null Ping-Min Huang, null Tsung-Han Wu, null Yen-Jung Lu, null Chien-Chao Chiu, null Ching-Feng Chiu, null Hsuan-Wen Chiu, null Wei-Huang Tsai, null Chia-Chi Chen, and null Shao-Wen Hung
- Abstract
Platostoma palustre (Pp) jelly is a traditional food. Pp has been used as folk medicine and is effective against heat-shock, hypertension and diabetes. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the ethanolic extracts of Pp’ genotoxicity. The ethanolic extracts of Pp by using 40% ethanol for extraction. Evaluation of genotoxicity of ethanolic extracts of Pp by micronucleus assay was performed in vivo. During the in vivo genotoxicity-evaluated experiment, the experimental animal’s clinical behavior, body weight (BW), food consumption, and the percentage of RET/RBCs (reticulocytes/red blood cells) and MN-RET/RETs (micronucleated reticulocytes/reticulocytes) after the treatments of Pp ethanolic extracts were evaluated. Both sexes Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) mice were given three daily treatments by intraperitoneal injection of 2 mg/kg of mitomycin C (genotoxicity induction) or by oral route of 200 μL of PBS (normal control group). Until 48 h after the last treatment, K2-EDTA-anticoagulated peripheral blood specimens were collected. These blood samples were processed for the microscopy-based analysis using Giemsa stain and the percentage of reticulocytes and micronucleated reticulocytes was determined. The results were shown that the experimental animal’s clinical behaviors were normal in all groups. The BW and food consumption were no significant difference between all groups. RET/RBCs (‰) in male or female ICR mice in the negative control group, the normal control group, the high dose of Pp ethanolic extract group, the middle dose of Pp ethanolic extract group, and the low dose of Pp ethanolic extract group were respectively 7.8 ± 0.8 / 8.6 ± 0.8, 23.2 ± 1.5 / 22.1 ± 1.3, 22.8 ± 1.6 / 22.1 ± 1.7, 23.2 ± 1.5 / 22.6 ± 1.0 and 22.2 ± 1.9 / 23.9 ± 1.9; MN-RET/RETs (‰) in male or female ICR mice in the negative control group, the normal control group, the high dose of Pp ethanolic extract group, the middle dose of Pp ethanolic extract group, and the low dose of Pp ethanolic extract group were 2.0 ± 0.0 / 2.0 ± 0.0, 43.2 ± 10.6 / 39.6 ± 10.9, 1.8 ± 0.4 / 1.6 ± 0.5, 1.6 ± 0.5 / 1.4 ± 0.5, and 1.8 ± 0.4 / 1.6 ± 0.5, respectively. Both RET/RBCs (‰) and MN-RET/RETs (‰) in male or female ICR mice in the negative control group were significantly difference than the other groups (p < 0.001). Taken all results together, Pp ethanolic extracts were without genotoxicity. Therefore, Pp ethanolic extracts were safety.
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- 2022
47. The Design and Evaluation of a Gamification Teaching Activity Using Board Game and QR Code for Organic Chemical Structure and Functional Groups Learning.
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Chang-Hsin Wu, Chia-Chi Chen, Shu-Ming Wang, and Huei-Tse Hou
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- 2018
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- View/download PDF
48. 0276 Detecting Apnea Hypopnea Index for Classified the Severity of Obstructive Sleep Apnea using PPG signals
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Amy Chiu, Yao Shiao, Yu Ting Liu, Chia Mo Lin, and Chia Chi Chen
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Physiology (medical) ,Neurology (clinical) - Abstract
Introduction A polysomnography or home sleep apnea study provides multiple pieces of information to diagnose obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), but the tests are costly with limited access. The study aims to use an automated AHI model with only PPG signals and can be applied to a wearable device. Methods We have included patients with different OSA severity to build an algorithm detecting ODI based on the scoring criteria with varying sizes of windows ranging from 10 to 60 seconds. For patients without ODI events, the automated CPC for detecting low-frequency oscillation is included to support the automated AHI model. Results The automated ODI and the combination of automated CPC are highly correlated with the AHI. When a CPC is detected without the ODI, the low-frequency coupling can assist in detecting AHI. The accuracy of the automated AHI is 86% compared to the actual AHI, with the sensitivity, specificity and precision at 92%, 73% and 89%, respectively. Conclusion The automated AHI algorithm with PPG signals as input can have a high sensitivity and accuracy in screening patients with OSA (AHI≥5), which can considerably be implied in a PPG wearable device. Support (if any)
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- 2023
49. Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Is Related to Abnormal Corrected QT Interval and Left Ventricular Hypertrophy in Chinese Male Steelworkers
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Wei-Chin Hung, Teng-Hung Yu, Cheng-Ching Wu, Thung-Lip Lee, Wei-Hua Tang, Chia-Chi Chen, I-Cheng Lu, Fu-Mei Chung, Yau-Jiunn Lee, and Chia-Chang Hsu
- Subjects
Electrocardiography ,Long QT Syndrome ,China ,Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Humans ,Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular ,Arrhythmias, Cardiac ,corrected QT prolongation ,left ventricular hypertrophy ,nonalcoholic fatty liver disease ,steelworkers - Abstract
Objectives: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has been associated with an increased risks of corrected QT (QTc) prolongation and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), both of which are associated with the development of cardiovascular disease. Rotating night shift work and a higher risk of incident NAFLD have been reported in male steelworkers. This study aimed to investigate the association of the severity of NAFLD with a prolonged QTc interval and LVH in a large cohort of Chinese male steelworkers. Methods: We examined baseline data of 2998 male steel workers aged 26 to 71 years at two plants. All workers at both plants received regular health assessments, including 12-lead ECG and echocardiography. Abdominal ultrasonography was performed to evaluate the severity of NAFLD. QTc prolongation was defined as follows: normal ≤ 430 ms, borderline 431–450 ms, and abnormal ≥ 451 ms. LVH was defined as a left ventricular mass index (LVMI) >131 g/m2. Associations of NAFLD with an abnormal QTc interval and LVH were examined using univariate and multivariate analyses. Results: The QTc interval and the LVMI were significantly correlated with the NAFLD fibrosis score, and the severity of NAFLD was correlated with an abnormal QTc interval and LVH (p for trend < 0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that in comparison to the workers without NAFLD, the odds ratios of having an abnormal QTc interval and LVH were 2.54 (95% CI: 1.22–5.39, p = 0.013) times and 2.23 (95% CI: 1.02–5.01, p = 0.044) times higher in the workers with moderate/severe NAFLD. Conclusions: NAFLD may be closely associated with the risks of an abnormal QTc interval and LVH, suggesting that regular electrocardiogram and echocardiogram monitoring could be used to evaluate the risk of arrhythmia and LVH in male steelworkers with NAFLD.
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- 2022
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50. Gastroprotective Effect of
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Hsiu-Man, Lien, Yu-Yen, Wang, Mei-Zi, Huang, Hui-Yu, Wu, Chao-Lu, Huang, Chia-Chi, Chen, Shao-Wen, Hung, Chia-Chang, Chen, Cheng-Hsun, Chiu, and Chih-Ho, Lai
- Abstract
Gastric ulcers are commonly seen in the upper gastrointestinal tract and may be related to the
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- 2022
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