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Corona mortis (CM) is an anastomotic vessel between the inferior epigastric or external iliac vessels and the obturator or internal iliac vessels. The Latin meaning of it is 'crown of death' which corresponds to massive haemorrhage caused by injury to this vessel during surgery. The incidence of this vessel is around 50% in the hemipelvis. We are presenting an intraoperative video of a right laparoscopic totally extraperitoneal mesh hernioplasty demonstrating a CM artery in the right hemipelvis. Care was taken to prevent injury to this vessel. CO 2 insufflation pressure was reduced to less than 10 mm Hg to see any venous variant of this vessel. Carefully, polypropylene mesh was placed without a fixation device. Anatomical knowledge of the CM vessel is therefore essential in preventing injury for surgeons who approach the inguinal and retropubic regions., Competing Interests: Competing interests: None declared., (© BMJ Publishing Group Limited 2024. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.)

Background: The anatomical variations in the position, length, arterial supply and extension of mesoappendix of the vermiform appendix (VA) are pivotal to establishing a standard pattern in the study population of known ethnicity and their clinical applicability., Materials and Methods: The present study was conducted on 47 adult human cadavers, thirty-five males and twelve female subjects of North Indian ethnicity., Results: Retrocaecal appendix was found in 23 cases (48.9%) followed by pelvic in 13 (27.7%), three cases each of pre-ileal, post-ileal, and promontoric (6.4%), one case (2.1%) each of paracaecal and subcaecal reported. The length of VA varied from three to ten centimetres, averaging about 7.37 ± 1.67 cm, both the shortest (2.9 cm) (female) and longest (10 cm) (male) were of retrocaecal type. The main appendicular artery (MAA) showed a widely varied branching pattern within the mesoappendix, ranging from three to seven. Fourteen cases (29.78%) showed the accessory appendicular artery (AAA) or dual arterial supply, arising from the ileocolic artery in ten (21%) and in four from the post-caecal (9%). In the specimens with dual arterial supply, the estimated portions of the VA supplied by the MAA also vary with distal ¾th being supplied in 57.14%. In ten cases (21%), the mesoappendix failed to reach the tip of the VF., Conclusions: Knowledge of anatomical diversities in position, length, course, arterial supply, branching pattern, and mesoappendix is potentially crucial in avoiding surgical catastrophes. Atypical positions of the organ can cause diagnostic confusion and result in delayed treatment. VF supplied by an end artery is one of the causes of the occurrence of appendicitis and mesoappendix not reaching the tip making the organ more vulnerable to necrosis. Vascular variations and anomalies involving the main or accessory appendicular artery are critical to prevent haemorrhage or faulty ligatures.

Dorsalis pedis artery on the dorsum of the foot was studied to establish the standard description and any variation from normal in the branching pattern in lower limbs of 30 adult human cadavers. The dorsalis pedis artery was present in all 60 (100%) cases. The branching pattern of the artery had textbook description in 54 (90%) cases. In 6 (10%), variation in branching pattern was observed and typing of branching pattern was done as Type A, B and C. The arcuate artery was present in 55(91.7%) cases. High origin of arcuate artery was seen in 1(1.66%) case. Dorsal metatarsal arteries originated from arcuate artery.

Anthropometric dimensions are the basis of evaluation of health of newborns. Results of cephalometric studies can be used in forensic medicine, plastic surgery, pediatrics, oral surgery, dentistry, otolaryngology and syndromology. Three hundred sixty appropriate for gestational age newborns belonging to the region in and around Patiala were the subjects of the present study. The gestational age varied from 29 to 41 weeks. Face length and face width were measured and facial index was calculated. The overall mean face length and mean face width were 5.17 cm and 6.42 cm respectively. Facial index ranged from 79.3 - 81.4% with mean facial index being 80.5%. Facial index increased with increasing gestational age. Gestational age has negative correlation with face length and face width but positively significant correlation was observed between gestational age and facial index. Facial length and facial width were jointly determined. All inter-relationships improved remarkably when determined for gestational age groups. These findings have significant implication as gestational age linearly influenced facial index. In addition they provide database from 29th to 41st week of gestation and can be used as baseline for further anthropometric studies to specify the role of heredity and environment.