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Background: Medication adherence is a major challenge in treatment of type 2 diabetes. Hence the present study was undertaken to assess the factors influencing drug adherence in Type 2 diabetes Bengaluru. Methods: A descriptive study was conducted in urban health training centre Bengaluru for a period of 9 months. A total of 70 type 2 Diabetes patients only on oral drugs willing to give informed consent were included. Institutional Ethical Committee clearance was obtained and pre-tested semi structured proforma was administered and the probable factors that affect adherence was included. Data was entered in Microsoft excel and analyzed in SPSS-21. Descriptive statistics and inferential statistics like Binary logistic regression was used to assess the factors influencing drugs. Results: Around 92.8% consumed ≤2 drugs and consumed single or combination of drugs. Most common anti-diabetic drug consumed was Biguanides in 64(91.4%). Good adherence (0-2 score) to oral anti-diabetic drugs was observed in 43 (61%) study subjects the factor significantly associated with poor adherence in Binary Logistic Regression Model is sometimes forgetting to consume the medication. Conclusion: The factors that influenced oral anti-diabetic drugs good adherence is consuming the medications without forgetting. Efforts are needed to improve adherence and self-management techniques to prevent complications.

Introduction: Acute respiratory infections is one of the most im- portant cause of morbidity and mortality in developing and de- veloped countries among under five children and has a public health issue in India. But the knowledge among parents about ARI and its management is low. Hence the present study has been taken up to assess the parental knowledge and pattern of medicine use in acute respiratory infections (ARI). Materials and Methods: Using pre-tested semi-structured proforma, a decriptive study on 100 parents were done after taking informed consent. Information on knowledge of ARI , antibiotics usage and attitude regarding antibiotic use were collected and re- sults were analysed Microsoft excel. Results: 96 % of them said ARI was caused due to exposure to cold, and 60% by Germs.51% used home remedies, 97%subjects were not of aware any vaccines which prevent ARI. 96% heard about antibiotics, among them 59.3% use antibiotics without con- sultation. 1.25% had least attitude regarding antibiotic resistance. Conclusion: Majority had reasonable good knowledge regarding ARI, but lack of knowledge regarding complications of ARI and vaccines available for prevention of ARI. Subjects had unfavour- able knowledge and attitude on antibiotic use.

Introduction: Considering the importance of Knowledge and positive attitude in preventing severe debilitating complications and controlling diabetes, the present study was undertaken to assess the effectiveness of health education on knowledge and attitude regarding diabetes in Type II Diabetes Mellitus. Materials and methods: The study was conducted from April 2015 to October 2015 among 70 Type II Diabetes Mellitus patients only on oral anti-diabetic drugs. A pre-tested semi-structured proforma was administered and information about socio-demographic profile, and impact of health education intervention was obtained. Results: Most of the subjects were female (80%), in the age group of 35-45yrs (34%), illiterate (40%), unemployed (67%) with Class IV (78%) socio-economic status. The mean ±SD age was 52.47±11.06 years. Significant improvement in knowledge was observed after intervention regarding symptoms, risk factors, complications and maintenance of blood sugar levels. A positive attitude was observed for periodic eye and cardiac examination and were motivated to exercise regularly. Conclusion: There was significant improvement in knowledge and attitude following health education regarding diabetes. Hence it should be an integrated in comprehensive diabetes care.

Introduction: According to WHO (2012) only 25% of total Indian population is covered by some form of Health Insurance. To achieve Universal health coverage (UHC), World Bank & WHO, have developed a framework which includes financial risk protection, as one of the component. Materials & Methods: A community based cross sectional study was done & a total of 447 households meeting inclusion and exclusion criteria were interviewed. Data regarding sociodemographic profile, awareness regarding health insurance, posession of health insurance was collected. Only beneficiaries of Vajpayee Arogyashree scheme were interviewed regarding awareness & utilisation of same. Results: Mean age of the Head of the Family of study households was 41+ 12years. Most of the households were headed by males [89.7%]. Majority [79%] belonged to Upper lower class of socioeconomic status. Only 10.5 % of the study households were aware regarding health insurance & only 6.7% of the total households were covered under some form of health insurance. Out of these, only 1.6% of the study households were covered under Vajpayee Arogyashree. None of the study households had utilised Vajpayee Arogyashree in the last 1 year. Conclusion: Awareness campaign should be undertaken to increase the awareness regarding government health insurance schemes among its beneficiaries, thereby, reducing the out of pocket expenditures as well financial catastrophes during the illness.

Introduction: COVID-19 virus caused a pandemic in 2020. Since vaccine was the only modality to combat the pandemic, the development of vaccine was fast tracked and made available within 1 year of detecting the virus. Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the safety and clinical efficacy of the COVID-19 vaccines. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted between June 2021 and September 2021 in Bengaluru using digital data capture. Data pertaining to sociodemographic profile, details of the vaccine administered, adverse events developing within 7 days of vaccine administration, and breakthrough infection were collected. Descriptive statistics such as frequencies, percentages, and mean and standard deviation were used. Inferential statistics such as the Chi-square test were used to test association. Results: The study involved 103 study participants. Totally 100 (97.08) participants had taken Covishield and 3 (2.92) had taken Covaxin. Only 3 (2.9%) study participants had breakthrough infections and all these three participants had taken Covishield. Ninety-four (91.26%) of study participants had taken at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine. A total of 62 (60.19%) participants had one or the other adverse reaction following vaccination. Only 3 (2.9%) study participants had breakthrough infections and all these three participants had taken Covishield. Conclusion: The given COVID-19 vaccines are safe and clinically efficacious with no statistically significant difference between the COVID-19 vaccine type and adverse reaction or with the incidence of breakthrough infection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]