18 results on '"Chesser, David"'
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2. The Ontario Line, another milestone in developing Toronto's public transit system.
- Author
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Neugebauer, Erich, Chesser, David, Meyer, Veronica, and Fromberger, Thomas
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PUBLIC transit , *TRAFFIC congestion , *SUBWAYS , *RAILROAD tunnels , *CORRIDORS (Ecology) , *LOCAL transit access , *UNDERGROUND construction , *COMMUNITY development - Abstract
The new Ontario Line is one of four priority transit projects announced by the province of Ontario in 2019 for the Greater Toronto Area (GTA). It will be a 15.6 km stand‐alone rapid transit line that will run through the city from Exhibition/Ontario Place in the southwest, through the heart of downtown Toronto, all the way to the Ontario Science Centre in the northeast. Over half of the route (9 km) is planned to run underground through new tunnels, with the remainder running along elevated and at‐grade rail corridor sections of track. Fifteen new stations are proposed, whereby eight are planned as deep underground structures. Most of these underground stations will be built in the downtown core, with numerous connections to the broader transit network of the GTA, including GO Transit rail services, the Toronto Transit Commission's (TTC) existing subway Lines 1 and 2, the Line 5 (Eglinton Crosstown LRT) currently under construction, as well as numerous bus and streetcar routes. The expected project benefits of Ontario Line are as follows: A faster and more reliable access to rapid transit system with more than 227,500 people living within walking distance to the new line.Reduction in crowding of existing Line 1 subway.Up to 47,000 jobs accessible by transit in 45 min or less for Toronto residents.Economic and community growth along the future transit line and significant reduction in traffic congestion and greenhouse gases by providing alternative transportation options. The Ontario Line is currently being delivered through a number of contracts with different procurement approaches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Evidence against regulation of AMP-activated protein kinase and LKB1/STRAD/MO25 activity by creatine phosphate
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Taylor, Eric B., Ellingson, William J., Lamb, Jeremy D., Chesser, David G., Compton, Cori L., and Winder, William W.
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Exercise -- Testing ,Exercise -- Varieties ,Metabolism -- Research ,Adenosine triphosphate -- Research ,Muscles -- Research ,Muscles -- Analysis ,Adenylic acid -- Research ,Adenylic acid -- Analysis ,Biological sciences - Abstract
Muscle contraction results in phosphorylation and activation of the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) by an AMPK kinase (AMPKK). LKB1/STRAD/MO25 (LKB1) is the major AMPKK in skeletal muscle; however, the activity of LKB1 is not increased by muscle contraction. This finding suggests that phosphorylation of AMPK by LKB1 is regulated by allosteric mechanisms. Creatine phosphate is depleted during skeletal muscle contraction to replenish ATP. Thus the concentration of creatine phosphate is an indicator of cellular energy status. A previous report found that creatine phosphate inhibits AMPK activity. The purpose of this study was to determine whether creatine phosphate would inhibit 1) phosphorylation of AMPK by LKB1 and 2) AMPK activity after phosphorylation by LKBI. We found that creatine phosphate did not inhibit phosphorylation of either recombinant or purified rat liver AMPK by LKB1. We also found that creatine phosphate did not inhibit 1) active recombinant [alpha]1[beta]1[gamma]1 or [alpha]2[beta]2[gamma]2 AMPK, 2) AMPK immunoprecipitated from rat liver extracts by either the [alpha]1 or [alpha]2 subunit, or 3) AMPK chromatographically purified from rat liver. Inhibition of skeletal muscle AMPK by creatine phosphate was greatly reduced or eliminated with increased AMPK purity. In conclusion, these results suggest that creatine phosphate is not a direct regulator of LKB1 or AMPK activity. Creatine phosphate may indirectly modulate AMPK activity by replenishing ATP at the onset of muscle contraction. adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase kinase; adenosine triphosphate; exercise; metabolism; skeletal muscle
- Published
- 2006
4. Endurance training increases skeletal muscle LKB1 and PGC-1[alpha] protein abundance: effects of time and intensity
- Author
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Taylor, Eric B., Lamb, Jeremy D., Hurst, Richard W., Chesser, David G., Ellingson, William J., Greenwood, Lyle J., Porter, Brian B., Herway, Seth T., and Winder, William W.
- Subjects
Endurance sports -- Health aspects ,Muscle proteins -- Research ,Biological sciences - Abstract
Recent research suggests that LKB1 is the major AMP-activated protein kinase kinase (AMPKK). Peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptor-[gamma] coactivator-1[alpha] (PGC-1[alpha]) is a master coordinator of mitochondrial biogenesis. Previously we reported that skeletal muscle LKB1 protein increases with endurance training. The purpose of this study was to determine whether training-induced increases in skeletal muscle LKB1 and PGC-1[alpha] protein exhibit a time course and intensity-dependent response similar to that of citrate synthase. Male Sprague-Dawley rats completed endurance- and interval-training protocols. For endurance training, rats trained for 4, 11, 25, or 53 days. Interval-training rats trained identically to endurance-trained rats, except that after 25 days interval training was combined with endurance training. Time course data were collected from endurance-trained red quadriceps (RQ) after each time point. Interval training data were collected from soleus, RQ, and white quadriceps (WQ) muscle alter 53 days only. Mouse protein 25 (MO25) and PGC-1[alpha] protein increased significantly after 4 days. Increased citrate synthase activity, increased LKB1 protein, and decreased AMPKK activity were found after 11 days. Maximal increases occurred after 4 days for hexokinase II, 25 days for MO25, and 53 days for citrate synthase, LKB1, and PGC-1[alpha]. In WQ, but not RQ or soleus, interval training had an additive effect to endurance training and induced significant increases in all proteins measured. These results demonstrate that LKB1 and PGC-1[alpha] protein abundances increase with endurance and interval training similarly to citrate synthase. The increase in LKB1 and PGC-1[alpha] with endurance and interval training may function to maintain the traininginduced increases in mitochondrial mass. adenosine 5'-monophosphate-activated protein kinase, AMP-activated protein kinase kinase; diabetes; MO25, Ste-20-related adaptor protein
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- 2005
5. Time-course Of Increases Of Lkb1, Citrate Synthase, And Hexokinase With Endurance Training In Muscle: 2295 Board #84 10:30AM – 12:00PM
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Taylor, Eric B., Lamb, Jeremy D., Hurst, Richard W., Chesser, David G., Herway, Seth T., Lindsay, Bryan K., Ellingson, William J., Kim, Jason E., Porter, Brian B., and Winder, William W.
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- 2005
6. Transformational Leadership An Imperative for Army Reserve Readiness in the 21st Century
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Chesser, David E., primary
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- 2006
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. The Combat Corps Wheeled Battalion in the Divisional Warfight: Combat Engineering in an Urban Environment
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ARMY ENGINEER SCHOOL FORT LEONARD WOOD MO, Chesser, David E, Roth, Adam S, ARMY ENGINEER SCHOOL FORT LEONARD WOOD MO, Chesser, David E, and Roth, Adam S
- Abstract
Imagine a unit being transformed from Code 4 (C4) (not combat ready) to Code 1 (C1) (fully combat ready) in only 152 days and then successfully executing more than 1,400 combat engineer missions in an urban environment in the span of a one-year deployment. A unit engaged by insurgent forces more than 50 times, yet never wavering in the face of the inherent dangers of combat. A unit whose Soldiers were awarded 42 Bronze Stars, 22 Purple Hearts, and 12 Army Commendation Medals for Valor and nominated for the Meritorious Unit Citation. Sounds like Audie Murphy s unit in World War II, doesn t it? Well, it isn t. This is the story of the 458th Engineer Battalion (Corps) (Wheeled), United States Army Reserve, and how its Citizen-Soldiers provided full spectrum engineer support to the 1st Cavalry Division in the urban environment of Baghdad, Iraq, during Operation Iraqi Freedom. The purpose of this article is to share information with the Engineer Regiment to help guide other engineer units in their preparations for conducting operations in an urban environment in support of the Global War on Terrorism., Published in Engineer p11-14 Jul-Sep 2005.
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- 2005
8. National Transportation Statistics (NTS) 2009
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United States. Department of Transportation. Research and Innovative Technology Administration, Nguyen, Long X., Chesser, David, Mengesha, Adam, Mekonnen, Getachew, Schultz, Matthew W., Zhang, Jie, Moore, William H., Wingfield, Alpha, Beningo, Steven, Notis, Kenneth, United States. Department of Transportation. Bureau of Transportation Statistics, United States. Department of Transportation. Research and Innovative Technology Administration, Nguyen, Long X., Chesser, David, Mengesha, Adam, Mekonnen, Getachew, Schultz, Matthew W., Zhang, Jie, Moore, William H., Wingfield, Alpha, Beningo, Steven, Notis, Kenneth, and United States. Department of Transportation. Bureau of Transportation Statistics
- Abstract
National Transportation Statistics was formed by the union of: United States. Department of Transportation. Office of the Assistant Secretary for Policy, Plans, and International Affairs. Summary of national transportation statistics; and: Energy statistics., Compiled and published by the U.S. Department of Transportation's Bureau of Transportation Statistics (BTS), National Transportation Statistics presents information on the U.S. transportation system, including its physical components, safety record, economic performance, energy use, and environmental impacts. National Transportation Statistics is a companion document to the Transportation Statistics Annual Report, which analyzes some of the data presented here, and State Transportation Statistics, which presents state-level data on many of the same topics presented here. The report has four chapters: - Chapter 1 provides data on the extent, condition, use, and performance of the physical transportation network. - Chapter 2 details transportation's safety record, giving data on accidents, crashes, fatalities, and injuries for each transportation mode and hazardous materials. - Chapter 3 focuses on the relationship between transportation and the economy, presenting data on transportation's contribution to the gross domestic product, employment by industry and occupation, and transportation-related consumer and government expenditures. - Chapter 4 presents data on transportation energy use and transportation-related environmental impacts. Appendix A contains metric conversions of select tables. BTS obtained the data in this report from many sources, including federal government agencies, private industry, and associations. Documents cited as sources for the tables provide detailed information about definitions, methodologies, and statistical reliability. Some of the data are based on samples and are subject to sampling variability.
9. Sitting on the Runway: Current Aircraft Taxi Times Now Exceed Pre-9/11 Experience
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Goldberg, Bruce, Chesser, David, United States. Department of Transportation. Bureau of Transportation Statistics, Goldberg, Bruce, Chesser, David, and United States. Department of Transportation. Bureau of Transportation Statistics
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Several high profile incidents have focused attention on "tarmac delays" that resulted in air travelers spending long periods of time aboard aircraft waiting to either take off or move to a gate after landing. Taxi-time data collected by the Bureau of Transportation Statistics (BTS) for the year 2007 shows: • Both outbound and inbound taxi times increased noticeably in 2007 and surpassed the previous peak reached in 2000; • 93 percent of flights left the ground within 30 minutes of gate departure, compared to 96 percent in 1995; • Extended taxi times in excess of 2 hours, which occur infrequently, increased in recent years but have not reached the levels experienced in the 1999 to 2000 period; • The longest taxi-out times occurred during the summer; and, • Although flight volumes impact taxiing times, other factors also come into play.
10. Pocket Guide to Transportation 2011
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United States. Department of Transportation. Research and Innovative Technology Administration, Johnson, Deborah, Anderson, Steven, Chesser, David, Fang, Bingsong, Ford, Chester, Han, Xiaoli, Mekonnen, Getachew, Mengesha, Adam, Moore, William H., Nguyen, Long, Ross, Hilary, Shao, Gang, Spencer, Michael, Tang, Lei, Jahanmir, Sean, United States. Department of Transportation. Bureau of Transportation Statistics, United States. Department of Transportation. Research and Innovative Technology Administration, Johnson, Deborah, Anderson, Steven, Chesser, David, Fang, Bingsong, Ford, Chester, Han, Xiaoli, Mekonnen, Getachew, Mengesha, Adam, Moore, William H., Nguyen, Long, Ross, Hilary, Shao, Gang, Spencer, Michael, Tang, Lei, Jahanmir, Sean, and United States. Department of Transportation. Bureau of Transportation Statistics
- Abstract
The safety of the traveling public is the number one concern of the U.S. Department of Transportation. Although progress has been made in reducing fatalities, roughly 94 percent of transportation fatalities arose from motor vehicle crashes. Injuries from crashes are a major U.S. public health issue. The U.S. transportation system is an extensive, interrelated public and private network of roads, airports, railroads, transit routes, waterways, terminals, ports, and pipelines. Millions of people and businesses rely on this expanding system to get to work, conduct business, ship goods within the United States and abroad and travel on vacations. The transportation system links regions and connects urban and rural areas. The U.S. transportation system makes possible a high degree of personal accessibility and freight activity. The data in this section show growth in travel and freight shipments over time. Factors influencing this growth include vehicle availability, travel costs, population, congestion, the economy, and consumer income. Transportation is a major sector of the U.S. economy. It moves people and goods, employs millions of workers, generates revenue, and consumes resources and services produced by other sectors of the economy. In 2009, transportation related goods and services contributed $1.2 trillion to the $14.1 trillion U.S. Gross Domestic Product. While transportation enhances the quality of our lives, it also generates environmental impacts that can lead to human health problems and environmental damage. Overall, most transportation air emissions in the United States, such as particulates, have declined since 1980 despite significant increases in U.S. population, Gross Domestic Product, and vehicle-miles traveled. However, carbon dioxide emissions from transportation fuel use rose steadily until 2007 before decreasing in 2008. Statistics published in this Pocket Guide to Transportation come from many different sources. Some statistics are based on samp
11. National Transportation Statistics (NTS) 2000
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United States. Department of Transportation. Research and Innovative Technology Administration, Battelle, Sedor, Joanne, Moore, Chip, Abel, Troy, Ammah-Tagoe, Felix, Beene, Charles, Bushery, John, Chapman, Lillian, Chesser, David, Clements, Joseph, Cohen, Michael, Fang, Bingsong, Fenn, Marsha, Fletcher, Wendell, Gibson, Robert, Gross, Marilyn, Han, Xiaoli, Khan, Maha, Mallett, William, Oldenburg, Kirsten, Randall, Lisa, Thomas, Thea, United States. Department of Transportation. Bureau of Transportation Statistics, United States. Department of Transportation. Research and Innovative Technology Administration, Battelle, Sedor, Joanne, Moore, Chip, Abel, Troy, Ammah-Tagoe, Felix, Beene, Charles, Bushery, John, Chapman, Lillian, Chesser, David, Clements, Joseph, Cohen, Michael, Fang, Bingsong, Fenn, Marsha, Fletcher, Wendell, Gibson, Robert, Gross, Marilyn, Han, Xiaoli, Khan, Maha, Mallett, William, Oldenburg, Kirsten, Randall, Lisa, Thomas, Thea, and United States. Department of Transportation. Bureau of Transportation Statistics
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National Transportation Statistics was formed by the union of: United States. Department of Transportation. Office of the Assistant Secretary for Policy, Plans, and International Affairs. Summary of national transportation statistics; and: Energy statistics., Compiled and published by the Bureau of Transportation Statistics (BTS), U.S. Department of Transportation, National Transportation Statistics 2000 presents information on the U.S. transportation system, including its physical components, safety record, economic performance, energy use, and environmental impacts. National Transportation Statistics 2000 is a companion document to the Transportation Statistics Annual Report, which analyzes the data presented here. The report has four chapters. - Chapter 1 provides data on the extent, condition, use, and performance of the physical transportation network. - Chapter 2 details transportation's safety record, giving data on accidents, crashes, fatalities, and injuries for each mode and for hazardous materials. - Chapter 3 focuses on the relationship between transportation and the economy, presenting data on transportation's contribution to gross domestic product, employment by industry and occupation, and transportation-related consumer and government expenditures. - Chapter 4 presents data on transportation energy use and transportation-related environmental impacts. Data are presented in five-year increments from 1960 through 1995 and annually thereafter. For annual time-series statistics dating back to 1960, readers are referred to the 1993 edition of this report. Because many data series presented in the 1993 edition have since been revised, the reader should be careful when comparing this earlier data series to that found in this edition. BTS obtained the data in this report from many sources, including federal government agencies, private industries, and associations. Some of the data are based on samples and are subject to sampling variability. Data from all sources may be subject to omissions and errors in reporting, recording, and processing. Documents cited as sources for the tables often provide detailed information about definitions, methodologies, and statistical reliability. In addition, as part of BTS's ong
12. Transportation Statistics Annual Report 2009
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United States. Department of Transportation. Research and Innovative Technology Administration, Johnson, Deborah, Anderson, Steven, Beningo, Steven, Bradford, Mark, Chesser, David, Contrino, Heather, Dudley, Derald, Duych, Ronald, Fang, Vincent, Ford, Chester, Gorham, Jeff, Han, Xiaoli, Hommeland, Jacob, Jahanmir, Sean, Jeeves, Alan, Kowalewski, Rick, Kumar, Suresh, Leonard, Richard, Lewis, Steve, Mekonnen, Getachew, Menegus, Dominic, Mengesha, Adam, Mohamed, Fahim, Nguyen, Long X., Notis, Ken, Ross, Hilary, Santos, Adella, Sharp, Joy, Smallen, David, Spencer, Michael, Sprung, Michael J., Stankus, Bernard, Tang, Lei, Wilson, Amanda J., Young, Peg, Zhang, Jie, Moore, William H., Wingfield, Alpha, United States. Department of Transportation. Bureau of Transportation Statistics, United States. Department of Transportation. Research and Innovative Technology Administration, Johnson, Deborah, Anderson, Steven, Beningo, Steven, Bradford, Mark, Chesser, David, Contrino, Heather, Dudley, Derald, Duych, Ronald, Fang, Vincent, Ford, Chester, Gorham, Jeff, Han, Xiaoli, Hommeland, Jacob, Jahanmir, Sean, Jeeves, Alan, Kowalewski, Rick, Kumar, Suresh, Leonard, Richard, Lewis, Steve, Mekonnen, Getachew, Menegus, Dominic, Mengesha, Adam, Mohamed, Fahim, Nguyen, Long X., Notis, Ken, Ross, Hilary, Santos, Adella, Sharp, Joy, Smallen, David, Spencer, Michael, Sprung, Michael J., Stankus, Bernard, Tang, Lei, Wilson, Amanda J., Young, Peg, Zhang, Jie, Moore, William H., Wingfield, Alpha, and United States. Department of Transportation. Bureau of Transportation Statistics
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This report presents data and information selected by the Bureau of Transportation Statistics (BTS), a component of the U.S. Department of Transportation's (USDOT's) Research and Innovative Technology Administration (RITA), to fulfill its legislative mandate. For the reader's convenience, the data and information have been selected and organized by topic or transportation mode. Chapter 1 discusses key USDOT initiatives: fostering safety, improving livable communities, improving the state of good repair, fostering economic competitiveness, and building environmental sustainability of the U.S. transportation system. The chapter reflects the intermodal and multimodal nature of the U.S. transportation system and also highlights the Commodity Flow Survey (CFS). The CFS identifies and reports hazardous material shipments by geographic regions, mode of transportation, and classification scheme. Chapter 2 examines the modal systems that comprise the U.S. transportation system. More specifically, this chapter covers aviation, motor vehicles, the marine transportation system, rail, and transit. The legislative mandate requires BTS to document the methods used to obtain the report's statistical information, ensure its quality, and make recommendations for improvements. In chapter 3, the major BTS program areas respond to this requirement by identifying the guidelines that apply to Federal data quality and the statistics included in this report. The chapter also lists the select Federal agencies that collect or compile transportation data. In addition, this chapter focuses on data gaps and improving the ways in which transportation statistics are collected, compiled, analyzed, and published.
13. Transportation Statistics Annual Report 2008
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United States. Department of Transportation. Research and Innovative Technology Administration, Duych, Ronald, Anderson, Steven, Beningo, Steven, Bradford, Mark, Chesser, David, Dudley, Derald, Finkel, Cristin, Ford, Chester, Han, Xiaoli, Hommeland, Jacob, Jones, June Taylor, Jeeves, Alan, Lewis, Steve, Mekonnen, Getachew, Memmott, Jeffery L., Mengesha, Adam, Mohamed, Fahim, Nguyen, Long X., Notis, Ken, Santos, Adella, Schultz, Matthew W., Sharp, Joy, Sprung, Michael J., Tennyson, Charles, Young, Peg, Zhang, Jie, Moore, William H., Wingfield, Alpha, United States. Department of Transportation. Bureau of Transportation Statistics, United States. Department of Transportation. Research and Innovative Technology Administration, Duych, Ronald, Anderson, Steven, Beningo, Steven, Bradford, Mark, Chesser, David, Dudley, Derald, Finkel, Cristin, Ford, Chester, Han, Xiaoli, Hommeland, Jacob, Jones, June Taylor, Jeeves, Alan, Lewis, Steve, Mekonnen, Getachew, Memmott, Jeffery L., Mengesha, Adam, Mohamed, Fahim, Nguyen, Long X., Notis, Ken, Santos, Adella, Schultz, Matthew W., Sharp, Joy, Sprung, Michael J., Tennyson, Charles, Young, Peg, Zhang, Jie, Moore, William H., Wingfield, Alpha, and United States. Department of Transportation. Bureau of Transportation Statistics
- Abstract
The Transportation Statistics Annual Report presents transportation data and information that the Bureau of Transportation Statistics (BTS), a component of the U.S. Department of Transportation's Research and Innovative Technology Administration (RITA), has selected in accordance with the 13 topics specified in the Department's legislative mandate, the Safe, Accountable, Flexible, Efficient Transportation Equity Act: A Legacy for Users (SAFETEA-LU). Where possible, the figures and tables cover the 10 most recent years for which data are available BTS has expanded and restructured this year's report. Chapter 1 highlights environmental stewardship and transportation security and contains a summary of the 2007 Commodity Flow Survey. Chapter 2 explores transportation infrastructure, safety, congestion, and global connectivity. These groupings reflect the intermodal/multimodal nature of the U.S. transportation system, which is a complex system of systems. For the reader's convenience, chapter 3 examines the modal systems that comprise the U.S. transportation system, including civil aviation, motor vehicle highway system, marine transportation system, railroad network, and transit. Chapter 4 describes the economic and social impact of the U.S. transportation system. The legislative mandate, SAFETEA-LU, also requires BTS to document the methods used to obtain the report's statistical information, ensure its quality and make recommendations for improving transportation statistical information. In chapter 5, the major BTS program offices respond to this requirement. This chapter identifies the guidelines that apply to federal data quality and the statistics included in this report. Further, this chapter focuses on closing data gaps and improving the ways in which transportation statistics are collected, compiled, analyzed and published. Appendix A includes a list of acronyms used throughout the report. Appendix B provides a glossary. Appendix C includes the ferry routes and
14. National Transportation Statistics (NTS) 2008
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Nguyen, Long X., Chesser, David, Mekonnen, Getachew, Schultz, Matthew W., Tennyson, Charles, Zhang, Jie, Moore, William H., Wingfield, Alpha, Beningo, Steven, Notis, Kenneth, United States. Department of Transportation. Bureau of Transportation Statistics, Nguyen, Long X., Chesser, David, Mekonnen, Getachew, Schultz, Matthew W., Tennyson, Charles, Zhang, Jie, Moore, William H., Wingfield, Alpha, Beningo, Steven, Notis, Kenneth, and United States. Department of Transportation. Bureau of Transportation Statistics
- Abstract
National Transportation Statistics was formed by the union of: United States. Department of Transportation. Office of the Assistant Secretary for Policy, Plans, and International Affairs. Summary of national transportation statistics; and: Energy statistics., Compiled and published by the U.S. Department of Transportation's Bureau of Transportation Statistics (BTS), National Transportation Statistics presents information on the U.S. transportation system, including its physical components, safety record, economic performance, energy use, and environmental impacts. National Transportation Statistics is a companion document to the Transportation Statistics Annual Report, which analyzes some of the data presented here, and State Transportation Statistics, which presents state-level data on many of the same topics presented here. The report has four chapters: - Chapter 1 provides data on the extent, condition, use, and performance of the physical transportation network. - Chapter 2 details transportation's safety record, giving data on accidents, crashes, fatalities, and injuries for each transportation mode and hazardous materials. - Chapter 3 focuses on the relationship between transportation and the economy, presenting data on transportation's contribution to the gross domestic product, employment by industry and occupation, and transportation-related consumer and government expenditures. - Chapter 4 presents data on transportation energy use and transportation-related environmental impacts. Appendix A contains metric conversions of select tables. BTS obtained the data in this report from many sources, including federal government agencies, private industry, and associations. Documents cited as sources for the tables provide detailed information about definitions, methodologies, and statistical reliability. Some of the data are based on samples and are subject to sampling variability.
15. Transportation Statistics Annual Report 2010
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MacroSys Research and Technology (Firm), United States. Department of Transportation. Research and Innovative Technology Administration, Johnson, Deborah, Jones, David, Wilson, Amanda J., Chien, David, Collia, Demetra, Memmott, Jeffery L., Anderson, Steven, Leonard, Richard, Moritz, Clay, Suissa, Anne, Bradford, Mark, Lewis, Steve, Champaneri, Amrut, Crutcher, Bernetta, Guarino, Jenny, Jeeves, Alan, Sharp, Joy, Steve, Kenneth, Beningo, Steven, Duych, Ronald, Ford, Chester, Jahanmir, Sean, Linsey, Casey, Nguyen, Long X., Chesser, David, Chuklin, Sergey, Fang, Bingsong, Han, Xiaoli, Kumar, Suresh, Mekonnen, Getachew, Mohamed, Fahim, Ross, Hilary, Shao, Gang, Spencer, Michael, Tang, Lei, Menegus, Dominic, Bolle, Thomas, Mellow, Jane, Smallen, David, Hamlet, Renita, Moore, William H., Wingfield, Alpha, United States. Department of Transportation. Bureau of Transportation Statistics, MacroSys Research and Technology (Firm), United States. Department of Transportation. Research and Innovative Technology Administration, Johnson, Deborah, Jones, David, Wilson, Amanda J., Chien, David, Collia, Demetra, Memmott, Jeffery L., Anderson, Steven, Leonard, Richard, Moritz, Clay, Suissa, Anne, Bradford, Mark, Lewis, Steve, Champaneri, Amrut, Crutcher, Bernetta, Guarino, Jenny, Jeeves, Alan, Sharp, Joy, Steve, Kenneth, Beningo, Steven, Duych, Ronald, Ford, Chester, Jahanmir, Sean, Linsey, Casey, Nguyen, Long X., Chesser, David, Chuklin, Sergey, Fang, Bingsong, Han, Xiaoli, Kumar, Suresh, Mekonnen, Getachew, Mohamed, Fahim, Ross, Hilary, Shao, Gang, Spencer, Michael, Tang, Lei, Menegus, Dominic, Bolle, Thomas, Mellow, Jane, Smallen, David, Hamlet, Renita, Moore, William H., Wingfield, Alpha, and United States. Department of Transportation. Bureau of Transportation Statistics
- Abstract
This Annual Report presents data and information compiled by the Bureau of Transportation Statistics (BTS), a component of the U.S. Department of Transportation's (USDOT's) Research and Innovative Technology Administration (RITA), to fulfill its legislative mandate. The Annual Highlights section focuses on recent USDOT efforts to collect, compile, analyze, and publish transportation data and analysis. Such efforts include the following: 1. the Survey of State Funding for Public Transportation, 2. Livable Communities and Environmental Sustainability highlights from the Omnibus Household Survey, and 3. Commodity Flow Survey (CFS) data and analysis on Hazardous Materials (Hazmat) shipments. In addition, this section reviews commercial aviation and the airline industry reported by BTS through its Office of Airline Information (OAI). BTS has organized chapters in the U.S. Transportation System section by the topics relevant to the USDOT's strategic goals, including: promoting safety, building livable communities, improving the state of good repair, fostering economic competitiveness, and supporting environmental sustainability of the U.S. transportation system. All modes of transportation are covered.
16. National Transportation Statistics (NTS) 2007
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United States. Department of Transportation. Research and Innovative Technology Administration, Battelle, Nguyen, Long X., Moore, William H., Wingfield, Alpha, Kim, Sharon, Lepofsky, Mark, Oh, Brian, Ammah-Tagoe, Felix, Chesser, David, Dennis, Scott M., Han, Xiaoli, Mekonnen, Getachew, Sprung, Michael, Zhang, Jie, United States. Department of Transportation. Bureau of Transportation Statistics, United States. Department of Transportation. Research and Innovative Technology Administration, Battelle, Nguyen, Long X., Moore, William H., Wingfield, Alpha, Kim, Sharon, Lepofsky, Mark, Oh, Brian, Ammah-Tagoe, Felix, Chesser, David, Dennis, Scott M., Han, Xiaoli, Mekonnen, Getachew, Sprung, Michael, Zhang, Jie, and United States. Department of Transportation. Bureau of Transportation Statistics
- Abstract
National Transportation Statistics was formed by the union of: United States. Department of Transportation. Office of the Assistant Secretary for Policy, Plans, and International Affairs. Summary of national transportation statistics; and: Energy statistics., Compiled and published by the U.S. Department of Transportation's Bureau of Transportation Statistics (BTS), National Transportation Statistics presents information on the U.S. transportation system, including its physical components, safety record, economic performance, energy use, and environmental impacts. National Transportation Statistics is a companion document to the Transportation Statistics Annual Report, which analyzes some of the data presented here, and State Transportation Statistics, which presents state-level data on many of the same topics presented here. The report has four chapters: - Chapter 1 provides data on the extent, condition, use, and performance of the physical transportation network. - Chapter 2 details transportation's safety record, giving data on accidents, crashes, fatalities, and injuries for each transportation mode and hazardous materials. - Chapter 3 focuses on the relationship between transportation and the economy, presenting data on transportation's contribution to the gross domestic product, employment by industry and occupation, and transportation-related consumer and government expenditures. - Chapter 4 presents data on transportation energy use and transportation-related environmental impacts. Appendix A contains metric conversions of select tables. BTS obtained the data in this report from many sources, including federal government agencies, private industry, and associations. Documents cited as sources for the tables provide detailed information about definitions, methodologies, and statistical reliability. Some of the data are based on samples and are subject to sampling variability.
17. Effects of Endurance Training on the AMPK Response to Exercise.
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Chesser, David G., Thompson, Bradley R., Auton, Tyler, Thomson, David M., and Winder, William W.
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EXERCISE , *PROTEIN kinases , *ADENOSINE monophosphate , *PHOSPHORYLATION , *PHYSICAL fitness , *LABORATORY rats - Abstract
It is well-established that regular exercise plays a role in increasing insulin sensitivity of muscle and prevention of type 2 diabetes. Some of these beneficial effects may be mediated by repetitive activation of the 5′-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in the contracting muscle. Activation of AMPK results in the upregulation of several intracellular systems which help to prepare a cell for a high energy challenge. In response to exercise, AMPK activity increases while the muscle cell experiences metabolic stress brought about by an extreme cellular demand for ATP. This AMPK response to exercise has been found to notably decrease in red quadriceps (RQ) following training while putative AMPK roles seem to be maintained; specifically, the biogenesis of mitochondria and higher levels of hexokinase II and GLUT4. If the AMPK response to exercise is responsible in part for these adaptations, how can they be maintained if the AMPK response is attenuated? The purpose of this study was to determine whether phosphorylation of AMPK increases during 2 hour training bouts after rats have trained for 8 weeks. Male Sprague-Dawley rats ran up to 30 m/min up a 15% grade, 2 hr/day for 8 weeks. On the final bout of exercise, trained rats ran for 0, 30, or 120 min up at 15% grade at 30 m/min. Red quadriceps (RQ), soleus and white quadriceps (WQ) were immediately collected and frozen for analysis. Citrate synthase activity increased in RQ (79 ± 3 vs 37 ± 4 µol/g/min) and soleus (64 ± 4 vs 35 ± 2 µmol/g/min) but not in WQ compared to non-trained controls. In trained rats, maximal increases in T-172 phosphorylation of AMPK occurred after 30 min of exercise (relative values = 1.29 ± 0.06 vs 1.00 ± 0.06). AMPK phosphorylation did not change significantly in trained rats run for 2 hours (1.31 ± 0.09) compared to rats ran for 30 min. Previous studies demonstrated a 2-3 fold increase in AMPK activity in non-trained rats after 30 min of exercise at lower work rates. These results demonstrate that the AMPK response to exercise is attenuated even after two hour bouts of exercise. This implies that the increase in mitochondrial oxidative enzymes, GLUT4, and hexokinase II may be maintained by signals other than the AMPK signaling system. Alternatively, the attenuated AMPK response may still be above file threshold required for inducing these adaptations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2007
18. LKB1 Is Required for AICAR-Induced Elevations in Hexokinase II Content in Skeletal Muscle.
- Author
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Thomson, David M., Brown, Jacob D., Kim, Hyung-Jun, Chesser, David G., Fillmore, Natasha, Porter, Brian B., Tall, James H., Barrow, Jeffery R., and Winder, William W.
- Subjects
PROTEIN kinases ,GLUCOKINASE ,MUSCLES ,PHOSPHORYLATION ,MICE - Abstract
Chronic AICAR administration increases the content of hexokinase II (HKII) in type IIb skeletal muscle via phosphorylation and activation of 5′AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). LKB1 is the predominant AMPK kinase in skeletal muscle. While other potential AMPK kinases have been identified, their role in the regulation of AMPK in skeletal muscle remains obscure. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine whether LKB1 is necessary for the increase in HKII that occurs with chronic AICAR stimulation. Wild-type (WT) and skeletal muscle-specific LKB1-KO (KO) mice were injected subcutaneously once per day for 5 days with AICAR (0.5 mg/ g BW) or saline. White quadriceps muscles were removed from the mice 90 minutes after the final AICAR injection on day 5 and were subsequently homogenized and analyzed by western blotting. LKB1 concentration and AMPK phosphorylation at Thr172 were reduced by ∼96% in KO muscles compared to WT muscles, demonstrating the efficacy of the LKB1 knock-out. Neither LKB1 protein level or AMPK phosphorylation were affected by AICAR treatment. Nevertheless, phosphorylation of acetyl CoA carboxylase (a downstream target of AMPK), was increased by ∼200% in the WT, but not KO muscles, suggesting that in-vivo AMPK activity was indeed elevated by AICAR in a LKB1-dependent manner. HKII levels were increased by ∼150% with AICAR treatment in the WT muscles, but were unchanged in the KO muscles, demonstrating the necessity of LKB1 for AICAR-induced increases in HKII concentration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2007
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