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Purpose: Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is associated with visual impairment and negative effects on patients' abilities and independence in their life. This study aims at exploring the process of self-empowerment among individuals with RP. Method: This study was conducted using a grounded theory design. Participants were RP-afflicted individuals. Results: "Erosion of personal and social abilities" was the main problem of participants. The context in which the process happened was "The social poverty of the context." Their main strategy for managing this problem was "self-improving," which was associated with improved personal and social status. The core category of the study was "participatory self-empowering in the unfavorable context of society." Conclusions: Affliction by RP in an inappropriate social environment causes individuals different problems. Therefore, individuals modify their lifestyles, develop their social abilities, adapt to their environment, and seek help in order to manage their problems. Holistic multidisciplinary interventions based on the needs of patients are recommended for their empowerment.

In an era of advancing technology, nurses find themselves at the forefront of protecting patient information. Safeguarding patient information is a critical concern in healthcare settings due to the potential adverse effects that can result from breaches or mishandling of this data. This invasion of privacy can have profound emotional, social, and financial repercussions for patients. In this article, possible and effective approaches were provided under evolving cybersecurity threats, balancing access and privacy, human error and insider threats, education and training, interoperability and data sharing headings. Patient information security is a complex and ever -evolving challenge for nursing professionals. Nurses must remain vigilant, well-informed, and proactive in implementing cybersecurity best practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The present study aimed to assess the correlation of spiritual well-being with parental stress and coping strategies in mothers with preterm neonates hospitalized in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs). Methods: This prospective cross-sectional study assessed Spiritual Well-Being (SWB), parental stress, and coping strategies in mothers (n=200) of preterm infants admitted to NICUs. Mothers were further divided based on socio)demographic characteristics, such as mother’s age, gestational age, average scores at school, mothers’ literacy level, the birth rank, cesarean or vaginal delivery, number of children, job, and duration of hospital stay. Results: The results pointed out that 46.6% and 53.4%of mothers had moderate and high levels of SWB, respectively. Moreover, the religion domain (53.30±7.33) had a higher score, in comparison with the existence domain (46.03±7.15). The planful problem-solving was the most frequently used (46.02±11.46) strategy. Religion domain had a significant positive and negative correlation with planful problem-solving strategy (r=0.439**; P≤0/000) and emotional-driven coping strategy (r=-0.420**; P≤0/000), respectively. There was a significant negative correlation (r=-0.322**; P≤.0/000) between the existence domain and the emotional-driven coping strategy. Conclusion: Regarding the close interrelationship between mothers and NICU nursing staff, it is clear that nurses can help mothers to cope with stress more quickly and efficiently using accurate assessment and appropriate intervention in terms of their spiritual and religious beliefs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Progressive visual impairment is one of the problems that threatening the health of patients and has the negative effects on their abilities. This study aimed to explore the health concerns of patients with Retinitis Pigmentosa (RP). Materials & Methods: A qualitative inductive approach was used. Eleven patients with RP, participated in this study in Iran. Patients were selected through purposeful sampling. Data collection was done through two methods of in-depth semi-structured individual interviews and field notes. Data analysis was performed using approach of conventional content analysis. Results: The categories of "perceived health threat" and "perceived support needs", were extracted. The category of perceived health threat included sub-subcategories of "gradual decline in physical function", "sustained fluctuations in mental health", and "weakening of social capability". "need for socio-economic support", "need for educational support", "need for psychological support", and "need for a personal assistant" were extracted as sub-subcategories of perceived support needs. Conclusion: RP Patients faced with the problem of abilities impairment in various physical, mental, and social dimensions and need for support in society. So, to improve the health of these patients, members of the health group are suggested to develop a context-based wholistic care program through multidisciplinary cooperation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Exploring emergency medical technicians' (EMTs) experiences of COVID-19 epidemic, help to identify the challenges they face in their daily work and develop strategies that address these challenges. This study aimed to explore EMTs' experiences of the challenges of prehospital care delivery during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: This qualitative study was conducted in March-July 2020 using conventional content analysis approach. Fifteen EMTs were purposively selected from the Emergency Medical Services (EMS) Center in Qom, Iran. For data collection, semistructured interviews were conducted until data saturation was reached. RESULTS: EMTs' experiences of the challenges of prehospital care delivery during the COVID-19 pandemic were classified into three main categories including "restless society", "difficult care delivery conditions", and "unprepared organization". The emergent subcategories were "need for information", "limited perception of the COVID-19 risk", "obsessive use of disinfectants", "fear over the transmission of COVID-19 to self and others", "burnout due to heavy workload", "altered communication with hospital staff", "ethical conflicts", "lack of a definite treatment plan", "lack of protective equipment", "staff shortage due to the affliction of EMTs by COVID-19", and "inadequate support by authorities". CONCLUSION: During COVID-19 pandemics, EMTs face many challenges including emotional and occupational stress, social strains, risk of affliction by infections, heavy workload, and ethical conflicts and hence, experience difficulties in quality care delivery. Developing appropriate strategies, guidelines, and policies are needed to effectively manage these challenges and improve the quality of prehospital care delivery in COVID-19 epidemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and purpose: In the time of emerging infectious diseases, quarantine is one of the necessary preventive measures to maintain public health. This study aimed at reviewing the determinants of quarantine compliance in epidemics in synchrony with the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Materials and methods: A systematic scoping review of studies (2000-2020) on quarantine determinants was done in both Persian and English. PubMed, Embase ProQuest, Science Direct, Google Scholar, MagIran, SID, Iran Doc, and Element were searched using the following keywords: quarantine, social distancing, home quarantine, infectious epidemic, compliance, acceptance, adherence, and noncompliance in both Persian and English. Results: A total of 13,755 articles were found of which 10 eligible studies were included in this review. The main factors inhibiting adherence to the COVID-19 quarantine were financial problems following job loss, lack of adequate education and awareness, low levels of education, psychological pressures, difficulty of the quarantine period, lack of trust, and low supervision. Factors influencing adherence to quarantine included awareness, creating voluntary conditions, clear communication, offering assurance about jobs, moral commitments, high levels of education, and living in urban areas. Economic incentives and effective informative and training campaigns could increase public compliance with quarantine. Conclusion: There is paucity of information about compliance with quarantine during COVID19 pandemic, therefore, further studies on this issue are needed in Iran and other countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Early motherhood may develop various stresses for the teen mothers and have adverse consequences. Current research aims at exploring experiences of teen mothers with stress and stressors of early motherhood. This qualitative study was conducted using conventional content analysis through in-depth semistructured interview. Eighteen Iranian teen mothers, who experienced parenting stress, with maximum variation in the age of first pregnancy, child's age, place of residence, and financial condition took part in this research. Data collection continued until saturation and were analyzed using MAXQDA10 software. Data analysis led to extraction of five categories including "storm of anxiety," "wander identity," "an unaccompanied way," "unarmed combat," and "a tired body." Teen mothers experienced tensions such as fear and worry, isolation and loneliness, regret, shame, depression, and doubt. These tensions originated from identity conflicts, inadequate social support, role inefficiencies, physical problems, and responsibilities. Teen mothers are influenced by various physical, psychological, social, and economic stressors which are in relation with the teenage, motherhood role, and the environment. Nurses are the major source of support for the teen mothers. Nurses should identify stress and stressors in teen mothers and strengthen well-being feeling in the teen mothers and their children through care, educational, consultative, and coordination interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]