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In 2007, six countries (Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Paraguay, Peru and Uruguay) commenced work on a project to harmonise public policy on school sexuality education (SE) and the prevention of HIV. Inter-sectoral management committees for SE involving ministries of education, ministries of health and civil society were established, national policies and work plans were formulated and implemented, and SE/HIV prevention activities were carried out. The strengths and weaknesses of implementation were assessed. After this, the beginnings of a community of practice were created, with national focal points. This paper analyses the above process using qualitative data generated through semi-structured questionnaires and interviews, with a focus on the perceived contribution of regional collaboration to the development of national policies, national curricula and implementation. Overall, the initiative reached 83,000 teachers and 1,500,000 pupils. Training materials and national curricula and policies were developed, introduced and implemented. Regional collaboration improved political institutionalisation, information exchange, inter-sectoral collaboration, civil society participation, programme legitimacy and the perception of SE as a young person's right. The initiative offers a model for other countries, with regional collaboration helping to establish the case for SE both normatively and institutionally at the political level, mitigate obstacles in the context of such a politically sensitive topic as SE and provide a forum for discussion and the exchange of information which in turn helped legitimise and operationalise national SE policies.

Uma pesquisa de comportamento de risco ao HIV foi conduzida entre conscritos (17-20 anos) do Exército em 1998. A amostra (30.318) foi selecionada em três estratos: 1) municípios das regiões Norte e Centro-Oeste (N/CO); 2) municípios da região Sul (S); 3) municípios dos estados do Rio de Janeiro e São Paulo (RJ/SP), estimando-se a prevalência de infecção pelo HIV em cada estrato. O objetivo deste trabalho foi o de apreciar os resultados por nível sócio-econômico (NSE). A análise estatística utilizou um índice de comportamento sexual de risco para HIV e modelos de regressão logística. O estrato N/CO apresentou os piores indicadores - os relativos ao NSE, ao comportamento sexual de risco ou aos problemas relacionados às infecções sexualmente transmissíveis (IST) - assim como a maior proporção de infectados por HIV. Os melhores indicadores foram encontrados no estrato RJ/SP. O Sul mostrou resultados intermediários. O grau de escolaridade teve papel relevante. Os conscritos com primeiro grau incompleto apresentaram o pior índice de comportamento sexual de risco, o qual se mostrou importante preditor dos problemas relacionados às IST, incluindo a infecção por HIV.

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This article presents information on a telephone survey conducted to measure AIDS knowledge, media usage and condom attitudes and behaviors among 500 adults aged 18 to 49 in Brasilia, Brazil. Researchers undertook this study to ascertain if a telephone survey to determine AIDS knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors would be feasible in Brasilia. In general, demographic predictors of condom use are far less important than psychosocial ones in designing interventions. In this study, several psychosocial variables related to condoms were measured. Of these, only the Condom Attitudes Scale, despite its low reliability, showed a significant relationship with condom use in the past month. Although most respondents who were sexually active believed that condoms were easy to use and that condoms could prevent pregnancy and venereal disease, and few believed that condoms were against their religion, those who actually used condoms were slightly more likely to believe condoms were effective in preventing pregnancy.

We developed a database system for collaborative HIV analysis (DBCollHIV) in Brazil. The main purpose of our DBCollHIV project was to develop an HIV-integrated database system with analytical bioinformatics tools that would support the needs of Brazilian research groups for data storage and sequence analysis. Whenever authorized by the principal investigator, this system also allows the integration of data from different studies and/or the release of the data to the general public. The development of a database that combines sequences associated with clinical/epidemiological data is difficult without the active support of interdisciplinary investigators. A functional database that securely stores data and helps the investigator to manipulate their sequences before publication would be an attractive tool for investigators depositing their data and collaborating with other groups. DBCollHIV allows investigators to manipulate their own datasets, as well as integrating molecular and clinical HIV data, in an innovative fashion.