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A high-contrast luminescent material exhibits dual-emission and pressure-induced bidirectional shifting, originating from the cooperative effects of TADF and excimers. It provides a novel mechanism for the piezochromic behavior.

Individuals can form consensual first impressions of others based on brief exposures to their faces. However, whether first impressions are accurate and the underlying mechanism remained unclear. Here, we tried to address these questions by asking subjects to evaluate employees’ professional capabilities and personal traits based on employees’ facial images. Results showed that individuals could form consensual subjective impressions of employees’ professional capabilities, which can be further predicted by employees’ traits evaluated by another independent group of subjects. However, there was no significant correlation between subjective judgments of professional capability and objective indicators of employees’ job performance. Also, with facial features extracted by a deep neural network (VGG-Face), we can build a model to predict the subjective evaluation of professional capability. In contrast, models built on the same facial features failed to predict objective job performance indicators. These results indicated that different individuals consensually judged others’ professional capabilities based on image-computable facial features, but their evaluations did not reflect the objective value of job performance.

A number of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been identified in silkworm, but little is known about their functions. Recent study showed that the let-7 miRNA cluster (contains let-7, miR-2795, and miR-100) was transcribed from the last exon of lncRNA lncR17454 in silkworm. To investigate the functional role of lncR17454, dsRNAs of lncR17454 were injected into the hemolymph of 1-d-old third-instar larvae of Bombyx mori, repression of lncR17454 led to molting arrestment during the larval–larval and larval–pupal transition of silkworm, which was consistent to the result as let-7 knockdown in other studies. The expression level of mature let-7, miR-100, and miR-2795 decreased 40%, 36%, and 40%, respectively, while the mRNA level of two predicted target genes of let-7, the Broad Complex isoform 2 (BR-C-Z2) and the BTB-Zinc finger transcription repression factor gene Abrupt (Ab), increased significantly after lncR17454 knockdown. In contrast, when adding the 20-Hydroxyecdysone (20E) to silkworm BmN4 cell lines, the expression level of lncR17454 and let-7 cluster all increased significantly, but the expression of Abrupt, the predicted target gene of let-7, was repressed. Dual-luciferase reporter assays confirmed Abrupt was the real target of let-7. Here we found that the lncRNA lncR17454 can play regulator roles in the metamorphosis of silkworm through let-7 miRNA cluster and the ecdysone signaling pathway, which will provide new clues for lepidopteran pest control.

This paper studies the cluster ensemble selection problem for unsupervised learning. Given a large ensemble of clustering solutions, our goal is to select a subset of solutions to form a smaller yet better performing cluster ensemble than using all available solutions. The common way of aggregating the chosen solutions is accumulating the information of the selected results to a similarity matrix. This paper suggests transforming the similarity matrix to a modularity matrix and then applying a new consensus function which optimizes modularity measure in it. We represent the modularity maximization problem as a 0-1 quadratic program which can be exactly solved for small datasets. We also established a new greedy algorithm, namely sum linkage, to optimize the objective function specially for large scale datasets in a very short time. We show that the proposed consensus partition gets much closer to the actual cluster structure than the partitions obtained from the direct application of common cluster ensemble methods. The promising results compared with other most cited consensus functions show the excellent efficiency of the proposed method.

Prediction of stock market is important and popular for investors, to decrease the loss and increase the profit, how to prevent the risk becomes a special field and there is amount of solutions of the problem. Previous researches were focus on the factors that may influence the emotions of investors, the researchers finished researches based on the social media, the period of stock market and applied different models to extract the feature of stock. We first used natural language processing to deal with the text, including TF-IDF, Word2Vec, CountVectorizer and Doc2Vec. Then, we reduce dimension by PCA, finally, we used machine learning to deal with data, including Adaboost, XGboost and GBDT, decision tree, logistics regression. After voting process, we find GBDT is the most accurate algorithm to predict the stock. Comparing with previous work, we focus on the emotion and select information from news, which is more accurate than other researches.

Key Points Question Is the labor migration of parents in China associated with nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) or suicidality among children, adolescents, and young adults who were left behind, and are there sex differences in any association? Findings In this cross-sectional study in China of 15 312 participants, labor migration of the father or of both parents was associated with 1 to 4 (but not ≥5) episodes of NSSI in 1 year and with suicidality among offspring, whereas differential associations by sex were minimal. In addition, higher odds of experiencing 1 to 4 episodes of NSSI were found for offspring who were initially separated from 1 or both parents at preschool age. Meaning These findings suggest that interventions to address NSSI should consider potential associations with parental migration., Importance The labor migration of parents in China often leaves children behind, which may be adversely associated with children’s health. However, few studies have assessed the association of parental migration with nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) or with suicidality among their offspring. Objective To examine the associations of parental labor migration with NSSI and with suicidality as well as potential differential associations by sex among offspring left behind. Design, Setting, and Participants This nationwide cross-sectional study was conducted from February to October 2015 among individuals aged 11 to 20 years from 45 public middle and high schools across 5 provinces of China. Data analysis was performed from November 1, 2020, to March 1, 2021. Exposures Parental labor migration, including parental migration status (yes vs no), migration pattern (father, mother, or both), and the child’s age at the initial parent-child separation. Main Outcomes and Measures Less frequent (1-4 episodes) NSSI, more frequent (≥5 episodes) NSSI, suicidal ideation, and suicide attempt in the past year were measured using validated questionnaires. Multinomial or binomial logistic regression analyses were used separately to estimate adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and 95% CIs of the associations between parental migration and NSSI, suicidal ideation, or suicide attempt. Potential covariates (demographic, family-level, and psychological characteristics) were adjusted for in 3 sequential models. Results A total of 15 312 participants (7904 male [51.6%] and 7408 female [48.4%]) aged 11 to 20 years (mean [SD] age, 15.1 [1.8] years) were included. Of those participants, 5963 (23.3%) experienced parental migration. The 12-month prevalence of less frequent NSSI was 17.2% (2635 of 15 312), the 12-month prevalence of more frequent NSSI was 11.6% (1783 of 15 312), the 12-month prevalence of suicidal ideation was 15.2% (2335 of 15 312), and the 12-month prevalence of suicide attempt was 3.5% (535 of 15 312). Parental migration was associated with less frequent NSSI (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.13; 95% CI, 1.03-1.24); no significant association of parental migration with more frequent NSSI (aOR, 1.01; 95% CI, 0.90-1.13), suicidal ideation (aOR, 1.00; 95% CI, 0.90-1.10), or suicide attempt (aOR, 1.09; 95% CI, 0.90-1.33) was identified. Compared with children whose parents did not migrate, the aOR for less frequent NSSI for participants whose father migrated was 1.18 (95% CI, 1.06-1.31), and the aOR for less frequent NSSI for participants having both parents migrate was 1.12 (95% CI, 1.01-1.28). Compared with children whose parents did not migrate, participants who experienced initial separation from 1 or both parents at preschool age had an aOR for less frequent NSSI of 1.16 (95% CI, 1.03-1.31). No sex disparities were found in these associations except for participants who experienced initial separation from 1 or both migrant parents at preschool age, for which the aOR for more frequent NSSI was higher among male (aOR, 1.27; 95% CI, 1.04-1.55) than female (aOR, 0.96; 95% CI, 0.77-1.19) participants. Conclusions and Relevance This cross-sectional study found that parental migration, mainly of the father or of both parents, or an initial separation of children at preschool age from 1 or both parents who migrated was associated with higher odds of experiencing 1 to 4 NSSI episodes in 1 year among offspring. Overall, the associations of parental migration with NSSI and suicidality were similar between male and female participants., This cross-sectional study examines whether migration of 1 or both parents is associated with risk of nonsuicidal self-injury or suicidality and whether the risk differs by sex among the children, adolescents, and young adult offspring left behind in China.

Prolonged separation from migrant parents may lead to child development risks, despite the potential benefits from improved financial circumstances. Within the substantial literature on the health and well-being of the so-called left-behind children, the cognitive impact of parental migration has been inconclusive across different settings globally. In this issue, Hou et al.'s study in rural China focused on school-age children who experience persistent absence of both migrant parents since infancy, and revealed disadvantages in language comprehension outcomes among these children, despite the mitigating effect of higher household income. While results from this study are limited to the ongoing parent-child separation, previous absence of migrant parents has been suggested to have long-lasting negative effects in studies of adolescents in reunited families. Findings from Hou and colleagues' study highlight the needs to better understand migration-related parent-child separation during sensitive developmental periods in infancy and early childhood. A spectrum of risk due to parental migration should be established, accounting for the timing and duration of migration and care arrangements, in order to better identify the at-risk children in communities affected by out-migration. Future research should further explore the mediating and moderating factors in child's environments, and evaluate post-separation adjustment among reunited families after parents' return migration. Research evidence on these aspects will inform the development of tailored intervention programs for left-behind children, and strengthen the abilities of families and communities in best serving the needs of children affected by prolonged parental absence.

Purpose Prolonged separation from migrant parents raises concerns for the well-being of 60 million left behind children (LBC) in rural China. This study aimed to investigate the impact of current and previous parental migration on child psychosocial well-being, with a focus on emotional and behavioral outcomes, while considering factors in family care and support. Methods Children were recruited from schools in migrant-sending rural areas in Zhejiang and Guizhou provinces by random stratified sampling. A self-administered questionnaire measured children’s psychosocial well-being, demographics, household characteristics, and social support. Multiple linear regression models examined the effects of parental migration and other factors on psychosocial difficulties. Results Data from 1930 current, 907 previous, and 701 never LBC were included (mean age 12.4, SD 2.1). Adjusted models showed both previous and current parental migration was associated with significantly higher overall psychosocial difficulties, involving aspects of emotion, conduct, peer relationships, hyperactivity, and pro-social behaviors. Parental divorce and lack of available support demonstrated a strong association with greater total difficulties. While children in Guizhou had much worse psychosocial outcomes than those in Zhejiang, adjusted subgroup analysis showed similar magnitude of between-province disparities regardless of parental migration status. However, having divorced parents and lack of support were greater psychosocial risk factors for current and previous-LBC than for never LBC. Conclusions Parental migration has an independent, long-lasting adverse effect on children. Psychosocial well-being of LBC depends more on the relationship bonds between nuclear family members and the availability of support, rather than socioeconomic status.

Background The number of people migrating for labour is growing around the world, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Parents often move for work, leaving their children behind. In China alone there are 61 million left-behind children and adolescents (LBCA). Methods We conducted a systematic review including studies on parental migration and LBCA aged 0–19 years in low- and middle-income countries. Our outcomes were the 10 main causes of disability-adjusted life years in the under-5, 5–9 and 10–19 year age groups. These included nutrition, mental health, unintentional injuries, infectious disease, substance use, unprotected sex, early pregnancy and abuse among. We searched databases including MEDLINE, EMBASE and CINAHL from inception to April 2017, with no language restrictions. We conducted meta-analyses, sensitivity analyses based on the quality of studies, subgroup analyses (internal and international migration and one or two parent absence), and meta-regression to investigate child gender and age. A revised version of the Newcastle-Ottawa tool was used to assess bias. The protocol was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42017064871). Results We identified 111 studies, including 2 64 967 children and adolescents. 91 studies were conducted in China, all of which focused on internal migration. The other 20 studies were largely related to international migration in Asia. LBCA had an increased risk of depression (risk ratio (RR) 1.52; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.27,1.82) and higher depression scores (standardised mean difference (SMD) 0.16; 0.10,0.21), anxiety (RR 1.85;95% CI 1.36,2.53 and SMD 0.18; 95% CI 0.11,0.26), suicidal ideation (RR 1·70; 95% CI 1.28,2.26), conduct disorder (SMD 0.16; 95% CI 0.04,0.28) and substance use (RR 1.24; 95% CI 1.00,1.52). There was an increased risk of malnutrition: wasting (RR 1.13; 95% CI 1.02,1.24) and stunting (RR 1.12; 95% CI 1.00,1.26). We found no difference for other nutrition outcomes, unintentional injury, abuse or diarrhoea. Removing low quality studies made little difference to the outcomes, as did subgroup analyses. Meta-regression showed no significant effect of gender or mean age on any outcomes. Conclusions Parental labour migration is associated with morbidity in LBCA, with no evidence of any benefit. The strongest evidence exists in China, with more research required in the rest of the world.

Internal and international migration impacts family structure, parent–child relationships, and child care arrangements for the world’s ∼1 billion migrants.1 When parents migrate without their children, this experience of prolonged separation has profound repercussions on children’s development and well-being. Because international migration disrupts family systems globally, internal migration, such as rural-to-urban migration in low- and middle-income countries, also has massive impacts. In China alone, 61 million rural children are living apart from their parents who have migrated to urban areas.2 These so-called “left-behind children” comprise 34% of all rural children and 22% of the total child population in China.2 The well-being of children who are affected by parental migration has raised concerns worldwide. Although labor-related migration tends to improve a family’s socioeconomic circumstances, a prolonged separation from migrant parents can place children at an increased risk for psychosocial disorders.3 Even reunification with parents may lead to additional distress because of an abrupt restructuring of family dynamics.4,5 Despite the many clinical implications of parental migration and family separation, little information is available to help clinicians understand how parental migration may affect mental and behavioral development in children. Migrant parents often leave their children behind in the pursuit of employment even in Asian cultures, in which family connection is emphasized as the major source of identity and protection. Factors that prevent migrant parents from bringing their children along include residence permit policies, a high cost of living, and a lack of access to child care and education. … Address correspondence to Chenyue Zhao, PhD, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, School of Medicine, New York University, 1 Park Ave, 7th Floor, New York, NY 10016. E-mail: chenyue.zhao{at}nyumc.org

Objectives To determine the causes of death among infants in high-mortality areas of western China with the use of globally recognized methods. Study design A survey of all infant deaths identified over 1 year in 4 counties in Yunnan and Xinjiang in which combined verbal autopsy was combined with a physician's diagnosis of the cause to calculate the local infant mortality rate. Results Among 470 completed investigations, a cause of death was assigned to 423 cases (90%). Overall, pneumonia (34.5%), preterm birth complications (16.5%), diarrhea (10.4%), birth asphyxia (10.3%), and congenital abnormalities (8.5%) were the main causes, with 56.6% of deaths occurring in the neonatal period. Deaths were attributable predominantly to prematurity or birth asphyxia in the early neonatal period, whereas infection accounted for more than 60% and 80% of deaths in the late and postneonatal periods, respectively. Calculated infant mortality was 21.9 in 1000 live births. Conclusions The pattern of infant mortality observed in the surveyed counties differs markedly from that reported previously at the national level, with a high proportion the result of causes that may be preventable with globally recommended interventions. Financial and political support is needed to promote improved cause of death surveillance and newborn and infant health care in China's western region.

Background Lengthy separation from migrant parents raises concerns for the wellbeing of 60 million left-behind children (LBC) in rural China. This study aimed to investigate the effect of current and previous parental migration on the psychosocial wellbeing of left-behind children, and the mitigating or exacerbating factors in family care and support. Methods Children were recruited from schools by random stratified sampling in rural Zhejiang and Guizhou provinces where out-migration was high. A self-administered questionnaire measured children's psychosocial wellbeing (Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire), demographics, household characteristics, and family and social support. Multiple linear regression models examined the effects of parental migration and other factors on psychosocial difficulties. Informed consent was obtained from children and parents, and ethics approval from UCL Research Ethics Committee. Findings Data from 1930 current, 907 previous, and 701 never LBC were included (mean age 12·36, SD 2·08; 1696 boys, 1874 girls). Adjusted model showed both previous (B=0·75, 95% CI 0·26–1·24, p=0·003) and current (0·57, 0·10–1·04, p=0·017) parental migration was associated with significantly higher psychosocial difficulties score. Age, sex, household wealth, primary caregiver, and presence of siblings did not affect the outcome. Parental divorce (1·00, 0·48–1·54, p=0·0002) and lack of available support (3·03, 2·30–3·75, p Interpretation Parental migration is associated with independent, long-lasting adverse outcomes in children. Psychosocial wellbeing of LBC appears to be associated with relationships between nuclear family members and availability of support, rather than socioeconomic status. Funding UK Economic and Social Research Council.