43 results on '"Chenyu Pan"'
Search Results
2. Identification of a rare Gli1+ progenitor cell population contributing to liver regeneration during chronic injury
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Jiayin Peng, Fei Li, Jia Wang, Chaoxiong Wang, Yiao Jiang, Biao Liu, Juan He, Kai Yuan, Chenyu Pan, Moubin Lin, Bin Zhou, Luonan Chen, Dong Gao, and Yun Zhao
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Cytology ,QH573-671 - Abstract
Abstract In adults, hepatocytes are mainly replenished from the existing progenitor pools of hepatocytes and cholangiocytes during chronic liver injury. However, it is unclear whether other cell types in addition to classical hepatocytes and cholangiocytes contribute to hepatocyte regeneration after chronic liver injuries. Here, we identified a new biphenotypic cell population that contributes to hepatocyte regeneration during chronic liver injuries. We found that a cell population expressed Gli1 and EpCAM (EpCAM+Gli1+), which was further characterized with both epithelial and mesenchymal identities by single-cell RNA sequencing. Genetic lineage tracing using dual recombinases revealed that Gli1+ nonhepatocyte cell population could generate hepatocytes after chronic liver injury. EpCAM+Gli1+ cells exhibited a greater capacity for organoid formation with functional hepatocytes in vitro and liver regeneration upon transplantation in vivo. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that EpCAM+Gli1+ cells can serve as a new source of liver progenitor cells and contribute to liver repair and regeneration.
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- 2022
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3. Squalene epoxidase promotes colorectal cancer cell proliferation through accumulating calcitriol and activating CYP24A1‐mediated MAPK signaling
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Luwei He, Huaguang Li, Chenyu Pan, Yutong Hua, Jiayin Peng, Zhaocai Zhou, Yun Zhao, and Moubin Lin
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calcitriol ,cell proliferation ,cholesterol biosynthesis ,colorectal cancer ,CYP24A1 ,MAPK signaling ,Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,RC254-282 - Abstract
Abstract Background Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most malignant tumors with high incidence, yet its molecular mechanism is not fully understood, hindering the development of targeted therapy. Metabolic abnormalities are a hallmark of cancer. Targeting dysregulated metabolic features has become an important direction for modern anticancer therapy. In this study, we aimed to identify a new metabolic enzyme that promotes proliferation of CRC and to examine the related molecular mechanisms. Methods We performed RNA sequencing and tissue microarray analyses of human CRC samples to identify new genes involved in CRC. Squalene epoxidase (SQLE) was identified to be highly upregulated in CRC patients. The regulatory function of SQLE in CRC progression and the therapeutic effect of SQLE inhibitors were determined by measuring CRC cell viability, colony and organoid formation, intracellular cholesterol concentration and xenograft tumor growth. The molecular mechanism of SQLE function was explored by combining transcriptome and untargeted metabolomics analysis. Western blotting and real‐time PCR were used to assess MAPK signaling activation by SQLE. Results SQLE‐related control of cholesterol biosynthesis was highly upregulated in CRC patients and associated with poor prognosis. SQLE promoted CRC growth in vitro and in vivo. Inhibition of SQLE reduced the levels of calcitriol (active form of vitamin D3) and CYP24A1, followed by an increase in intracellular Ca2+ concentration. Subsequently, MAPK signaling was suppressed, resulting in the inhibition of CRC cell growth. Consistently, terbinafine, an SQLE inhibitor, suppressed CRC cell proliferation and organoid and xenograft tumor growth. Conclusions Our findings demonstrate that SQLE promotes CRC through the accumulation of calcitriol and stimulation of CYP24A1‐mediated MAPK signaling, highlighting SQLE as a potential therapeutic target for CRC treatment.
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- 2021
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4. Repression of Abd-B by Polycomb is critical for cell identity maintenance in adult Drosophila testis
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Shuo Zhang, Chenyu Pan, Xiangdong Lv, Wei Wu, Hao Chen, Wenqing Wu, Hailong Wu, Lei Zhang, and Yun Zhao
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Abstract Hox genes play a fundamental role in regulating animal development. However, less is known about their functions on homeostasis maintenance in adult stem cells. Here, we report that the repression of an important axial Hox gene, Abdominal-B (Abd-B), in cyst stem cells (CySCs) is essential for the homeostasis and cell identity maintenance in the adult Drosophila testis. Derepression of Abd-B in CySCs disrupts the proper self-renewal of both germline stem cells (GSCs) and CySCs, and leads to an excessive expansion of early stage somatic cells, which originate from both lineages. We further demonstrate that canonical Polycomb (Pc) and functional pathway of Polycomb group (PcG) proteins are responsible for maintaining the germline cell identity non-autonomously via repressing Abd-B in CySCs in the adult Drosophila testis.
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- 2017
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5. Probiotic properties of Lactobacillus strains isolated from Tibetan kefir grains.
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Yongchen Zheng, Yingli Lu, Jinfeng Wang, Longfei Yang, Chenyu Pan, and Ying Huang
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the functional properties of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolated from Tibetan kefir grains. Three Lactobacillus isolates identified as Lactobacillus acidophilus LA15, Lactobacillus plantarum B23 and Lactobacillus kefiri D17 that showed resistance to acid and bile salts were selected for further evaluation of their probiotic properties. The 3 selected strains expressed high in vitro adherence to Caco-2 cells. They were sensitive to gentamicin, erythromycin and chloramphenicol and resistant to vancomycin with MIC values of 26 µg/ml. All 3 strains showed potential bile salt hydrolase (BSH) activity, cholesterol assimilation and cholesterol co-precipitation ability. Additionally, the potential effect of these strains on plasma cholesterol levels was evaluated in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. Rats in 4 treatment groups were fed the following experimental diets for 4 weeks: a high-cholesterol diet, a high-cholesterol diet plus LA15, a high-cholesterol diet plus B23 or a high-cholesterol diet plus D17. The total cholesterol, triglyceride and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in the serum were significantly (P
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- 2013
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6. Measurement-based analysis of characteristics of fast moving underwater acoustic communication channel.
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Yang Wang, Honglu Yan, Chenyu Pan, and Songzuo Liu
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- 2022
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7. Multi-user underwater acoustic communication using binary phase-coded hyperbolic frequency-modulated signals.
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Habib Hussain Zuberi, Songzuo Liu, Muhammad Zohaib Sohail, and Chenyu Pan
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- 2022
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8. Statistical analysis of time-varying channel for underwater acoustic communication and network.
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Honglu Yan, Tianlong Ma, Chenyu Pan, Yanan Liu, and Songzuo Liu
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- 2021
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9. Effects of Ca(OH)2 on the reinforcement corrosion of sulfoaluminate cement mortar
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Yufeng Song, Yi Zhang, Siyi Shen, Chenyu Pan, Dongming Yan, Zhiguang Wang, Su Wang, and Shaoqin Ruan
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Mechanics of Materials ,General Materials Science ,Building and Construction ,Civil and Structural Engineering - Published
- 2023
10. Squalene epoxidase promotes colorectal cancer cell proliferation through accumulating calcitriol and activating CYP24A1‐mediated MAPK signaling
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Yun Zhao, Huaguang Li, Yutong Hua, Zhaocai Zhou, Luwei He, Jiayin Peng, Chenyu Pan, and Moubin Lin
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calcitriol ,Cancer Research ,Calcitriol ,Colorectal cancer ,Squalene monooxygenase ,medicine.medical_treatment ,colorectal cancer ,MAPK signaling ,Biology ,terbinafine ,Targeted therapy ,Transcriptome ,medicine ,cholesterol biosynthesis ,Humans ,Vitamin D3 24-Hydroxylase ,RC254-282 ,Tissue microarray ,Cell growth ,Cancer ,Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,Original Articles ,medicine.disease ,digestive system diseases ,cell proliferation ,CYP24A1 ,Oncology ,Squalene Monooxygenase ,Cancer research ,squalene epoxidase ,Original Article ,Colorectal Neoplasms ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Background Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most malignant tumors with high incidence, yet its molecular mechanism is not fully understood, hindering the development of targeted therapy. Metabolic abnormalities are a hallmark of cancer. Targeting dysregulated metabolic features has become an important direction for modern anticancer therapy. In this study, we aimed to identify a new metabolic enzyme that promotes proliferation of CRC and to examine the related molecular mechanisms. Methods We performed RNA sequencing and tissue microarray analyses of human CRC samples to identify new genes involved in CRC. Squalene epoxidase (SQLE) was identified to be highly upregulated in CRC patients. The regulatory function of SQLE in CRC progression and the therapeutic effect of SQLE inhibitors were determined by measuring CRC cell viability, colony and organoid formation, intracellular cholesterol concentration and xenograft tumor growth. The molecular mechanism of SQLE function was explored by combining transcriptome and untargeted metabolomics analysis. Western blotting and real‐time PCR were used to assess MAPK signaling activation by SQLE. Results SQLE‐related control of cholesterol biosynthesis was highly upregulated in CRC patients and associated with poor prognosis. SQLE promoted CRC growth in vitro and in vivo. Inhibition of SQLE reduced the levels of calcitriol (active form of vitamin D3) and CYP24A1, followed by an increase in intracellular Ca2+ concentration. Subsequently, MAPK signaling was suppressed, resulting in the inhibition of CRC cell growth. Consistently, terbinafine, an SQLE inhibitor, suppressed CRC cell proliferation and organoid and xenograft tumor growth. Conclusions Our findings demonstrate that SQLE promotes CRC through the accumulation of calcitriol and stimulation of CYP24A1‐mediated MAPK signaling, highlighting SQLE as a potential therapeutic target for CRC treatment., SQLE increases the levels of calcitriol and CYP24A1. Then MAPK signaling is induced to accelerate CRC tumor growth.
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- 2021
11. Performance buildup of reactive magnesia cement (RMC) formulation via using CO2-strengthened recycled concrete aggregates (RCA)
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Chenyu Pan, Yufeng Song, Yuxi Zhao, Tao Meng, Yanlin Zhang, Ruohong Chen, Xiangming Zhou, and Shaoqin Ruan
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Mechanics of Materials ,Architecture ,Building and Construction ,Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality ,Civil and Structural Engineering - Published
- 2023
12. LINC00176 facilitates CD4+T cell adhesion in systemic lupus erythematosus via the WNT5a signaling pathway by regulating WIF1
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Xue Shao, Shengzhu Zhou, Chang Lu, and Chenyu Pan
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0301 basic medicine ,Cd4 t cell ,Immunology ,Translation (biology) ,Context (language use) ,Adhesion ,Biology ,WIF1 ,WNT5A ,03 medical and health sciences ,030104 developmental biology ,0302 clinical medicine ,Expression pattern ,immune system diseases ,Cancer research ,Signal transduction ,skin and connective tissue diseases ,Molecular Biology ,030215 immunology - Abstract
Accruing research shows the implications of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in the progression of various autoimmune diseases including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The present study aimed to identify the expression pattern of LINC00176 in SLE and to explore its effects on CD4+T cell adhesion in this context. The biological functions of LINC00176, WIF1 and WNT5a on CD4+T cells in SLE were evaluated via gain- and loss-of-function experiments, following delivery of pcDNA3-LINC00176, siRNA-LINC00176, pcDNA3-WIF1 and WNT-sFRP5 (an inhibitor for the WNT5a signaling pathway). High LINC00176 expression was evident in the CD4+T cells of SLE patients. Additionally, WIF1 was identified as a potential target gene of LINC00176, and was negatively regulated by LINC00176. The overexpression of LINC00176 could promote proliferation and adhesion of CD4+T cells in SLE. Such alternations were reversed following up-regulation of WIF1 or inhibition of the WNT5a signaling pathway. Taken together, the key findings of our study highlight the ability of LINC00176 to potentially promote the proliferation and adhesion of CD4+T cells in SLE by down-regulating WIF1 and activating the WNT5a signaling pathway, providing new insight and a theoretical basis for translation in SLE therapy.
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- 2021
13. Sufu limits sepsis-induced lung inflammation via regulating phase separation of TRAF6.
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Yehua Li, Jiayin Peng, Yuanxin Xia, Chenyu Pan, Yu Li, Weijie Gu, Jia Wang, Chaoxiong Wang, Yuang Wang, Jiawen Song, Xuan Zhou, Liya Ma, Yiao Jiang, Biao Liu, Qiongni Feng, Wenjia Wang, Shi Jiao, Liwei An, Dianfan Li, and Zhaocai Zhou
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- 2023
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14. FCAN: Flash Crowds Alleviation Network.
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Chenyu Pan, Merdan Atajanov, Mohammad Belayet Hossain, Toshihiko Shimokawa, and Norihiko Yoshida
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- 2006
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15. SLAP reagents for the photocatalytic synthesis of C3/C5-substituted, N-unprotected selenomorpholines and 1,4-selenazepanes
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Rajamani Lakshminarayanan, Xingwang Deng, Eunice Tze Leng Goh, Chenyu Pan, Rajavel Srinivasan, and Guan Zhou
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Chemistry ,Metals and Alloys ,Alcohol ,General Chemistry ,Combinatorial chemistry ,Catalysis ,Surfaces, Coatings and Films ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Reagent ,Materials Chemistry ,Ceramics and Composites ,Photocatalysis ,Amine gas treating - Abstract
Herein, we disclose the first set of unique selenium-containing SLAP (SiLicon Amine Protocol) reagents for the direct synthesis of C3/C5-substituted selenomorpholines and 1,4-selenazepanes from diverse (hetero)aldehydes under mild photocatalytic conditions. Enantiomerically pure 1,2-amino alcohol/α-amino acid versions of these heterocycles were also synthesized. Further, we have shown the late-stage modification of certain biologically active agents using the developed seleno-SLAP reagents.
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- 2020
16. Size distribution of pores and their geometric analysis in red mud-based autoclaved aerated concrete (AAC) using regression neural network and elastic mechanics
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Minghao Dong, Rui Ma, Guangcheng Sun, Chenyu Pan, Shulin Zhan, Xiaoqian Qian, Ruohong Chen, and Shaoqin Ruan
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General Materials Science ,Building and Construction ,Civil and Structural Engineering - Published
- 2022
17. FCAN: Flash Crowds Alleviation Network Using Adaptive P2P Overlay of Cache Proxies.
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Chenyu Pan, Merdan Atajanov, Mohammad Belayet Hossain, Toshihiko Shimokawa, and Norihiko Yoshida
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- 2006
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18. To evaluate the serum cortisol, salivary cortisol, and serum interleukin-1 B level in patients of chronic periodontitis with smoking and stress and without smoking and stress
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Chenyu Pan, Bocheng Chen, Haiou Zhang, and Ansheng Zhang
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Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Evening ,Hydrocortisone ,Interleukin-1beta ,Observational Study ,psychological factors ,Gastroenterology ,smoking ,Internal medicine ,Humans ,Medicine ,Prospective Studies ,Saliva ,Prospective cohort study ,Depression (differential diagnoses) ,Morning ,business.industry ,Interleukin ,chronic periodontitis ,General Medicine ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Chronic periodontitis ,Healthy Volunteers ,salivary cortisol ,Sample size determination ,Etiology ,Female ,business ,interleukin B ,Biomarkers ,Stress, Psychological ,Research Article - Abstract
The role of cognitive, social and biological factors in the etiology of chronic periodontitis has been reported. The aim of this study was to evaluate the salivary cortisol level and interleukin-1 B level in patients of Chronic periodontitis in smokers and stress and nonsmokers without stress. The design of study randomized, prospective, double-blinded, and prospective study. The total sample size was comprised of 600 subjects between the ages of 20 and 50 years. The sample size was divided into 300 males and 300 females. Out of 600 subjects, 200 subjects comprised of subjects with chronic periodontitis with positive depression level with a history of smoking (Group I), 200 subjects comprised of subjects with chronic periodontitis without depression and without smoking (Group II), and 200 subjects who were taken as the control group comprised of healthy subjects without chronic periodontitis, without depression level, and no smoking history (Group III). Salivary cortisol levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The result showed that there was a positive correlation between morning and evening salivary cortisol level in all the groups with correlation coefficient. There was significant higher value of salivary cortisol in Group I patients when compared with Group II and Group III. However, when the comparison of salivary cortisol levels was done between the Group II and Control group, the result showed nonsignificant P value. It is suggested that stress is positively correlated with the salivary cortisol levels in smokers and nonsmokers.
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- 2021
19. Biologically inspired underwater acoustic communication based on discrete cosine transform
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Tianlong Ma, Gang Qiao, Songzuo Liu, Suleman Mazhar, Naihua Zheng, and Chenyu Pan
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Acoustics and Ultrasonics - Published
- 2022
20. Visualized nutrition education and dietary behavioral change: A systematic review and meta-analysis
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Xinyi Li, Zhaokun Wang, Yan Cai, Yangmu Huang, Ruoyu Yin, and Chenyu Pan
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Gerontology ,Databases, Factual ,genetic structures ,030309 nutrition & dietetics ,Nutrition Education ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering ,03 medical and health sciences ,0404 agricultural biotechnology ,Risk Factors ,Vegetables ,Humans ,Health Education ,0303 health sciences ,Feeding Behavior ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,General Medicine ,040401 food science ,eye diseases ,Diet ,Fruit ,Meta-analysis ,Health education ,Nutrition Therapy ,Diet, Healthy ,Psychology ,Food Science - Abstract
Effectiveness of using visual approaches in health education and its influential factors were still in debate. This study aimed to asess the effects of visualized nutrition education on dietary knowledge and behavioral changes, and factors influencing them. A comprehensive search of PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, and Cochrane Library was conducted. Eligible studies were trials assessed effects of visualized nutrition education on dietary knowledge or behavior changes, compared with non-visualized or no education group. Fourteen studies (
- Published
- 2018
21. LINC00176 facilitates CD4
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Chang, Lu, Xue, Shao, Shengzhu, Zhou, and Chenyu, Pan
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Adult ,CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes ,Male ,Adolescent ,Wnt-5a Protein ,Young Adult ,Gene Expression Regulation ,Cell Adhesion ,Humans ,Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic ,Female ,RNA, Long Noncoding ,Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing ,Signal Transduction - Abstract
Accruing research shows the implications of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in the progression of various autoimmune diseases including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The present study aimed to identify the expression pattern of LINC00176 in SLE and to explore its effects on CD4
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- 2020
22. Distinct functions of polycomb group proteins in regulating Ci transcription in developing Drosophila
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Yi Lu, Yun Zhao, Yuanxin Xia, Wenqing Wu, Hailong Wu, Shuo Zhang, Lei Zhang, Zhao Zhang, Xiangdong Lv, Jialin Fan, Chenyu Pan, and Hao Chen
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0301 basic medicine ,Transcription, Genetic ,Protein domain ,Biology ,Methylation ,Epigenesis, Genetic ,Animals, Genetically Modified ,03 medical and health sciences ,Protein Domains ,Transcription (biology) ,Genetics ,Polycomb-group proteins ,Animals ,Drosophila Proteins ,Molecular Biology ,Psychological repression ,Homeodomain Proteins ,Polycomb Repressive Complex 1 ,Regulation of gene expression ,Lysine ,Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 ,Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental ,Nuclear Proteins ,Cell Biology ,General Medicine ,Chromatin ,Cell biology ,DNA-Binding Proteins ,Drosophila melanogaster ,030104 developmental biology ,Histone methyltransferase ,Mutation ,Transcription Factors - Published
- 2018
23. NRF2 Plays a Critical Role in Both Self and EGCG Protection against Diabetic Testicular Damage
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Hao Wu, Tie Li, Chenyu Pan, Lingyun Liu, Yanyan Song, Fuchun Wang, Lijuan Ha, Xiaona Liu, Shengzhu Zhou, Junduo Wu, and Jingyan Tian
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Male ,0301 basic medicine ,Aging ,Apoptosis ,Epigallocatechin gallate ,environment and public health ,Biochemistry ,Catechin ,Mice ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Testis ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,lcsh:Cytology ,food and beverages ,General Medicine ,respiratory system ,Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress ,Immunohistochemistry ,Blot ,medicine.symptom ,Oxidation-Reduction ,Research Article ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Article Subject ,NF-E2-Related Factor 2 ,Blotting, Western ,Inflammation ,digestive system ,Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental ,Diabetes Complications ,03 medical and health sciences ,Internal medicine ,Diabetes mellitus ,In Situ Nick-End Labeling ,medicine ,Animals ,lcsh:QH573-671 ,Reactive oxygen species ,Activator (genetics) ,business.industry ,Endoplasmic reticulum ,Wild type ,Cell Biology ,medicine.disease ,Mice, Inbred C57BL ,Oxidative Stress ,030104 developmental biology ,Endocrinology ,chemistry ,Reactive Oxygen Species ,business - Abstract
Activation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) has been found to ameliorate diabetic testicular damage (DTD) in rodents. However, it was unclear whether NRF2 is required for these approaches in DTD. Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) is a potent activator of NRF2 and has shown beneficial effects on multiple diabetic complications. However, the effect of EGCG has not been studied in DTD. The present study aims to explore the role of NRF2 in both self and EGCG protection against DTD. Therefore, streptozotocin-induced diabetic C57BL/6 wild type (WT) and Nrf2 knockout (KO) mice were treated in the presence or absence of EGCG, for 24 weeks. The Nrf2 KO mice exhibited more significant diabetes-induced loss in testicular weight and spermatozoa count, and increase in testicular apoptotic cell death, as compared with the WT mice. EGCG activated NRF2 expression and function, preserved testicular weight and spermatozoa count, and attenuated testicular apoptotic cell death, endoplasmic reticulum stress, inflammation, and oxidative damage in the WT diabetic mice, but not the Nrf2 KO diabetic mice. The present study demonstrated for the first time that NRF2 plays a critical role in both self and EGCG protection against DTD.
- Published
- 2017
24. To evaluate the serum cortisol, salivary cortisol, and serum interleukin-1 B level in patients of chronic periodontitis with smoking and stress and without smoking and stress.
- Author
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Haiou Zhang, Bocheng Chen, Chenyu Pan, Ansheng Zhang, Zhang, Haiou, Chen, Bocheng, Pan, Chenyu, and Zhang, Ansheng
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- 2021
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25. A positive role for polycomb in transcriptional regulation via H4K20me1
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Xiaofeng Yang, Gang Wei, Yun Zhao, Hui Han, Bo Yang, Hao Chen, Lei Zhang, Lin Fu, Zhijun Han, Lin Li, Shuo Zhang, Zhaocai Zhou, Yuanxin Xia, Xiangdong Lv, Min Wu, and Chenyu Pan
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Transcription, Genetic ,H3K27me3 ,Repressor ,macromolecular substances ,Biology ,Methylation ,Histones ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Transcription (biology) ,Polycomb-group proteins ,Transcriptional regulation ,Animals ,Drosophila Proteins ,Wings, Animal ,Molecular Biology ,Transcription factor ,Gene ,Regulation of gene expression ,Genetics ,Polycomb Repressive Complex 1 ,General transcription factor ,Base Sequence ,Lysine ,positive transcriptional regulation ,Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental ,Nuclear Proteins ,Cell Biology ,Repressor Proteins ,030104 developmental biology ,Drosophila melanogaster ,polycomb group proteins ,H4K20me1 ,Original Article ,Corrigendum ,Broad ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Biomarkers ,Transcription Factors - Abstract
The highly conserved polycomb group (PcG) proteins maintain heritable transcription repression of the genes essential for development from fly to mammals. However, sporadic reports imply a potential role of PcGs in positive regulation of gene transcription, although systematic investigation of such function and the underlying mechanism has rarely been reported. Here, we report a Pc-mediated, H3K27me3-dependent positive transcriptional regulation of Senseless (Sens), a key transcription factor required for development. Mechanistic studies show that Pc regulates Sens expression by promoting H4K20me1 at the Sens locus. Further bioinformatic analysis at genome-wide level indicates that the existence of H4K20me1 acts as a selective mark for positive transcriptional regulation by Pc/H3K27me3. Both the intensities and specific patterns of Pc and H3K27me3 are important for the fates of target gene transcription. Moreover, binding of transcription factor Broad (Br), which physically interacts with Pc and positively regulates the transcription of Sens, is observed in Pc(+)H3K27me3(+)H4K20me1(+) genes, but not in Pc(+)H3K27me3(+)H4K20me1(-) genes. Taken together, our study reveals that, coupling with the transcription factor Br, Pc positively regulates transcription of Pc(+)H3K27me3(+)H4K20me1(+) genes in developing Drosophila wing disc.
- Published
- 2016
26. Fsh-Pc-Sce complex mediates active transcription of Cubitus interruptus (Ci)
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Lei Zhang, Hailong Wu, Yi Lu, Yuanxin Xia, Chenyu Pan, Xiangdong Lv, Zhao Zhang, Shuo Zhang, Hao Chen, Yun Zhao, Jialin Fan, and Wenqing Wu
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0301 basic medicine ,endocrine system ,Transcription, Genetic ,Repressor ,Biology ,Epigenesis, Genetic ,Animals, Genetically Modified ,03 medical and health sciences ,Transcription (biology) ,Genetics ,Transcriptional regulation ,Animals ,Drosophila Proteins ,Wings, Animal ,Molecular Biology ,Transcription factor ,Derepression ,Tissue homeostasis ,Regulation of gene expression ,Homeodomain Proteins ,Polycomb Repressive Complex 1 ,Cell Biology ,General Medicine ,Cell biology ,DNA-Binding Proteins ,030104 developmental biology ,Drosophila melanogaster ,Gene Expression Regulation ,Multiprotein Complexes ,Mutation ,Homeotic gene ,hormones, hormone substitutes, and hormone antagonists ,Transcription Factors - Abstract
The Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway plays important roles in both embryonic development and adult tissue homeostasis. Such biological functions are mediated by the transcription factor Cubitus interruptus (Ci). Yet the transcriptional regulation of the effector Ci itself is poorly investigated. Through an RNAi-based genetic screen, we identified that female sterile (1) homeotic (Fsh), a transcription co-activator, directly activates Ci transcription. Biochemistry assays demonstrated physical interactions among Fsh, Sex combs extra (Sce), and Polycomb (Pc). Functional assays further showed that both Pc and Sce are required for Ci expression, which is not likely mediated by the derepression of Engrailed (En), a repressor of Ci, in Pc or Sce mutant cells. Finally, we provide evidence showing that Pc/Sce facilitates the binding of Fsh at Ci locus and that the physical interaction between Fsh and Pc is essential for Fsh-mediated Ci transcription. Taken together, we not only uncover that Ci is transcriptionally regulated by Fsh-Pc-Sce complex but also provide evidence for the coordination between Fsh and PcG proteins in transcriptional regulation.
- Published
- 2017
27. Atrophin–Rpd3 complex represses Hedgehog signaling by acting as a corepressor of CiR
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Wenqing Wu, Jing Feng, Zhaocai Zhou, Yun Zhao, Chenyu Pan, Xiangdong Lv, Feng Liu, Lei Zhang, and Zhao Zhang
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animal structures ,Repressor ,Histone Deacetylase 1 ,Biology ,Evolution, Molecular ,Histones ,Report ,Animals ,Drosophila Proteins ,Humans ,Hedgehog Proteins ,Hedgehog ,Transcription factor ,Zebrafish ,Research Articles ,Binding Sites ,Decapentaplegic ,Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ,Acetylation ,Cell Biology ,Zebrafish Proteins ,Molecular biology ,Hedgehog signaling pathway ,DNA-Binding Proteins ,Drosophila melanogaster ,Histone ,Genetic Loci ,biology.protein ,Histone deacetylase ,Co-Repressor Proteins ,Corepressor ,Protein Binding ,Signal Transduction ,Transcription Factors - Abstract
Atrophin suppresses Hedgehog signaling by interacting with the transcriptional effector CiR and recruiting the histone deacetylase Rpd3 to the dpp locus to repress its transcription., The evolutionarily conserved Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway is transduced by the Cubitus interruptus (Ci)/Gli family of transcription factors that exist in two distinct repressor (CiR/GliR) and activator (CiA/GliA) forms. Aberrant activation of Hh signaling is associated with various human cancers, but the mechanism through which CiR/GliR properly represses target gene expression is poorly understood. Here, we used Drosophila melanogaster and zebrafish models to define a repressor function of Atrophin (Atro) in Hh signaling. Atro directly bound to Ci through its C terminus. The N terminus of Atro interacted with a histone deacetylase, Rpd3, to recruit it to a Ci-binding site at the decapentaplegic (dpp) locus and reduce dpp transcription through histone acetylation regulation. The repressor function of Atro in Hh signaling was dependent on Ci. Furthermore, Rerea, a homologue of Atro in zebrafish, repressed the expression of Hh-responsive genes. We propose that the Atro–Rpd3 complex plays a conserved role to function as a CiR corepressor.
- Published
- 2013
28. Hedgehog in the Drosophila testis niche: what does it do there?
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Yun Zhao, Chenyu Pan, and Zhao Zhang
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Male ,Somatic cell ,Niche ,Biology ,Biochemistry ,Germline ,Testis ,Drug Discovery ,Animals ,Drosophila Proteins ,Hedgehog Proteins ,Stem Cell Niche ,Hedgehog ,Janus Kinases ,Genetics ,Adult Germline Stem Cells ,Ovary ,JAK-STAT signaling pathway ,Cell Biology ,Mini-Review ,Human genetics ,Cell biology ,STAT Transcription Factors ,Bone Morphogenetic Proteins ,Drosophila ,Female ,Stem cell ,Developmental biology ,Signal Transduction ,Transcription Factors ,Biotechnology - Abstract
Stem cell niche is a specialized microenvironment crucial to self-renewal. The testis in Drosophila contains two different types of stem cells, the germline stem cells and the somatic cyst stem cells that are sustained by their respective niche signals, thus is a good system for studying the interaction between the stem cells and their hosting niche. The JAK-STAT and BMP pathways are known to play critical roles in the self-renewal of different kinds of stem cells, but the roles of several other pathways have emerged recently in a complex signaling network in the testis niche. Reports of independent observations from three research groups have uncovered an important role of Hedgehog (Hh) in the Drosophila testis niche. In this review, we summarize these recent findings and discuss the interplay between the Hh signaling mechanisms and those of the JAK-STAT and BMP pathways. We also discuss directions for further investigation.
- Published
- 2013
29. UbcD1 regulates Hedgehog signaling by directly modulating Ci ubiquitination and processing
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Xiangdong Lv, Jialin Fan, Hailong Wu, Yun Zhao, Feng Liu, Hao Chen, Yue Xiong, Shuo Zhang, Wenqing Wu, Lei Zhang, Zhaocai Zhou, Chenyu Pan, and Yuanxin Xia
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Hh signaling ,Embryo, Nonmammalian ,Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases ,Cell Cycle Proteins ,Biology ,Biochemistry ,Patched-2 Receptor ,03 medical and health sciences ,Ubiquitin ,Genetics ,Homologous chromosome ,Animals ,Drosophila Proteins ,Hedgehog Proteins ,Polyubiquitin ,Molecular Biology ,Transcription factor ,Hedgehog ,Conserved Sequence ,Zebrafish ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Protein Stability ,Scientific Reports ,Ubiquitination ,Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental ,Anatomy ,Zebrafish Proteins ,Hedgehog signaling pathway ,Cell biology ,DNA-Binding Proteins ,030104 developmental biology ,Enzyme ,Drosophila melanogaster ,chemistry ,Imaginal Discs ,Larva ,Proteolysis ,Ubiquitin-Conjugating Enzymes ,biology.protein ,Protein Processing, Post-Translational ,Signal Transduction ,Transcription Factors - Abstract
The Hh pathway controls many morphogenetic processes in metazoans and plays important roles in numerous pathologies and in cancer. Hh signaling is mediated by the activity of the Gli/Ci family of transcription factors. Several studies in Drosophila have shown that ubiquitination by the ubiquitin E3 ligases Slimb and Rdx(Hib) plays a crucial role in controlling Ci stability dependent on the levels of Hh signals. If Hh levels are low, Slimb adds K11- and K48-linked poly-ubiquitin chains on Ci resulting in partial degradation. Ubiquitin E2 enzymes are pivotal in determining the topologies of ubiquitin chains. However, which E2 enzymes participate in the selective ubiquitination-degradation of Ci remains elusive. Here, we find that the E2 enzyme UbcD1 negatively regulates Hh signaling activity in Drosophila wing disks. Genetic and biochemical analyses in wing disks and in cultured cells reveal that UbcD1 directly controls Ci stability. Interestingly, UbcD1 is found to be selectively involved in Slimb-mediated Ci degradation. Finally, we show that the homologs of UbcD1 play a conserved role in modulating Hh signaling in vertebrates.
- Published
- 2016
30. SUMO regulates somatic cyst stem cells maintenance and directly targets hedgehog pathway in adult Drosophila testis
- Author
-
Haiyun Song, Tong Guo, Yun Zhao, Yuanxin Xia, Lei Zhang, Shuo Zhang, Zhao Zhang, Chenyu Pan, Hui Han, Xiangdong Lv, and Hao Chen
- Subjects
Male ,0301 basic medicine ,Aging ,Somatic cell ,Cellular differentiation ,SUMO protein ,Biology ,03 medical and health sciences ,Testis ,Animals ,Drosophila Proteins ,Hedgehog Proteins ,Molecular Biology ,Hedgehog ,Cell Proliferation ,Stem Cells ,Sumoylation ,Cell Differentiation ,Epistasis, Genetic ,Molecular biology ,Hedgehog signaling pathway ,Cell biology ,Drosophila melanogaster ,030104 developmental biology ,Small Ubiquitin-Related Modifier Proteins ,Stem cell ,Drosophila Protein ,Signal Transduction ,Developmental Biology ,Adult stem cell - Abstract
SUMO (Small ubiquitin-related modifier) modification (SUMOylation) is a highly dynamic post-translational modification (PTM) that plays important roles in tissue development and disease progression. However, its function in adult stem cell maintenance is largely unknown. Here, we report the function of SUMOylation in somatic cyst stem cell (CySC) self-renewal in adult Drosophila testis. The SUMO pathway cell-autonomously regulates CySC maintenance. Reduction of SUMOylation promotes premature differentiation of CySCs and impedes the proliferation of CySCs, which leads to a reduction in the number of CySCs. Consistent with this, CySC clones carrying a mutation of the SUMO-conjugating enzyme are rapidly lost. Furthermore, inhibition of the SUMO pathway phenocopies disruption of the Hedgehog (Hh) pathway, and can block the proliferation of CySCs induced by Hh activation. Importantly, the SUMO pathway directly regulates the SUMOylation of Hh pathway transcription factor Cubitus interruptus (Ci), which is required for promoting CySC proliferation. Thus, we conclude that SUMO directly targets the Hh pathway and regulates CySC maintenance in adult Drosophila testis.
- Published
- 2016
31. Antagonistic roles of Nibbler and Hen1 in modulating piRNA 3' ends in Drosophila
- Author
-
Hui, Wang, Zaijun, Ma, Kongyan, Niu, Yi, Xiao, Xiaofen, Wu, Chenyu, Pan, Yun, Zhao, Kai, Wang, Yaoyang, Zhang, and Nan, Liu
- Subjects
endocrine system ,Aging ,Genome, Insect ,Molecular Sequence Data ,piRNA ,Models, Biological ,Nbr ,3′ terminal trimming ,Animals ,Drosophila Proteins ,Gene Silencing ,RNA, Small Interfering ,Hen1 ,Transposon ,Alleles ,Base Sequence ,urogenital system ,Ovary ,Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental ,2′-O-methylation ,Methyltransferases ,Drosophila melanogaster ,Germ Cells ,Exoribonucleases ,DNA Transposable Elements ,Female ,Drosophila ,Small RNA sequencing ,Research Article - Abstract
In eukaryotes, aberrant expression of transposable elements (TEs) is detrimental to the host genome. Piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) of ∼23 to 30 nucleotides bound to PIWI clade Argonaute proteins silence transposons in a manner that is strictly dependent on their sequence complementarity. Hence, a key goal in understanding piRNA pathways is to determine mechanisms that modulate piRNA sequences. Here, we identify a protein-protein interaction between the 3′-to-5′ exoribonuclease Nibbler (Nbr) and Piwi that links Nbr activity with piRNA pathways. We show that there is a delicate balance in the interplay between Nbr and Hen1, a methyltransferase involved in 2′-O-methylation at the 3′ terminal nucleotides of piRNAs, thus connecting two genes with opposing activities in the biogenesis of piRNA 3′ ends. With age, piRNAs become shorter and fewer in number, which is coupled with the derepression of select TEs. We demonstrate that activities of Nbr and Hen1 inherently contribute to TE silencing and age-dependent profiles of piRNAs. We propose that antagonistic roles of Nbr and Hen1 define a mechanism to modulate piRNA 3′ ends., Summary: Antagonism between Nbr and Hen1 represents a novel mechanism for the modulation of piRNA sequences, revealing new players involved in the silencing of transposable elements.
- Published
- 2015
32. Gut–neuron interaction via Hh signaling regulates intestinal progenitor cell differentiation in Drosophila
- Author
-
Chunying Liu, Wenqing Wu, Xiaofeng Yang, Yun Zhao, Junhai Han, Hui Han, Yue Xiong, Lei Zhang, Zhaocai Zhou, Yi Lu, Hai Jiang, Chenyu Pan, and Xiangdong Lv
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,intestinal stem cell ,Cell Biology ,Biology ,Ligand (biochemistry) ,Biochemistry ,Phenotype ,Article ,neuron ,Cell biology ,Autonomic nervous system ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Endocrinology ,nervous system ,Downregulation and upregulation ,Internal medicine ,Genetics ,medicine ,Drosophila ,Hh signaling ,Neuron ,Progenitor cell ,Stem cell ,Molecular Biology ,Hedgehog - Abstract
Intestinal homeostasis is maintained by intestinal stem cells (ISCs) and their progenies. A complex autonomic nervous system spreads over posterior intestine. However, whether and how neurons regulate posterior intestinal homeostasis is largely unknown. Here we report that neurons regulate Drosophila posterior intestinal homeostasis. Specifically, downregulation of neuronal Hedgehog (Hh) signaling inhibits the differentiation of ISCs toward enterocytes (ECs), whereas upregulated neuronal Hh signaling promotes such process. We demonstrate that, among multiple sources of Hh ligand, those secreted by ECs induces similar phenotypes as does neuronal Hh. In addition, intestinal JAK/STAT signaling responds to activated neuronal Hh signaling, suggesting that JAK/STAT signaling acts downstream of neuronal Hh signaling in intestine. Collectively, our results indicate that neuronal Hh signaling is essential for the determination of ISC fate.
- Published
- 2015
33. Antagonistic roles between Nibbler and Hen1 modulate piRNA 3' ends in Drosophila
- Author
-
Yun Zhao, Kai Wang, Kongyan Niu, Yaoyang Zhang, Xiaofen Wu, Nan Liu, Chenyu Pan, Hui Wang, Yi Xiao, and Zaijun Ma
- Subjects
Transposable element ,Genetics ,endocrine system ,urogenital system ,2'-O-methylation ,Piwi-interacting RNA ,Argonaute ,Biology ,biology.organism_classification ,Exoribonuclease ,RasiRNA ,Drosophila melanogaster ,Molecular Biology ,Biogenesis ,Developmental Biology - Abstract
In eukaryotes, aberrant expression of transposable elements (TEs) is detrimental to the host genome. Piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) of ∼23 to 30 nucleotides bound to PIWI clade Argonaute proteins silence transposons in a manner that is strictly dependent on their sequence complementarity. Hence, a key goal in understanding piRNA pathways is to determine mechanisms that modulate piRNA sequences. Here, we identify a protein-protein interaction between the 3'-to-5' exoribonuclease Nibbler (Nbr) and Piwi that links Nbr activity with piRNA pathways. We show that there is a delicate balance in the interplay between Nbr and Hen1, a methyltransferase involved in 2'-O-methylation at the 3' terminal nucleotides of piRNAs, thus connecting two genes with opposing activities in the biogenesis of piRNA 3' ends. With age, piRNAs become shorter and fewer in number, which is coupled with the derepression of select TEs. We demonstrate that activities of Nbr and Hen1 inherently contribute to TE silencing and age-dependent profiles of piRNAs. We propose that antagonistic roles of Nbr and Hen1 define a mechanism to modulate piRNA 3' ends.
- Published
- 2015
34. FCAN: Flash Crowds Alleviation Network Using Adaptive P2P Overlay of Cache Proxies
- Author
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Norihiko Yoshida, Merdan Atajanov, Toshihiko Shimokawa, Chenyu Pan, and Mohammad Belayet Hossain
- Subjects
Computer Networks and Communications ,business.industry ,Computer science ,Peer-to-peer ,computer.software_genre ,Proxy server ,Shared resource ,Flash (photography) ,Crowds ,The Internet ,Cache ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,DNS hijacking ,business ,computer ,Software ,Computer network - Abstract
With the rapid spread of information and ubiquitous access of browsers, flash crowds, a sudden, unanticipated surge in the volume of request rates, have become the bane of many Internet websites. This paper models and presents FCAN, an adaptive network that dynamically optimizes the system structure between peer-to-peer (P2P) and client-server (C/S) configurations to alleviate flash crowds effect. FCAN constructs P2P overlay on cache proxy server layer to distribute the flash traffic from origin server. It uses policy-configured DNS redirection to route the client requests in balance, and adopts strategy load detection to monitor and react the load changes. Our preliminary simulation results showed that the system is overall well behaved, which validates the correctness of our design.
- Published
- 2006
35. Erratum: A positive role for polycomb in transcriptional regulation via H4K20me1
- Author
-
Xiaofeng Yang, Gang Wei, Min Wu, Shuo Zhang, Yuanxin Xia, Yun Zhao, Chenyu Pan, Bo Yang, Zhaocai Zhou, Xiangdong Lv, Lei Zhang, Hao Chen, Zhijun Han, Lin Li, Hui Han, and Lin Fu
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,Notice ,010608 biotechnology ,Transcriptional regulation ,Cell Biology ,Biology ,01 natural sciences ,Molecular Biology ,Neuroscience - Abstract
Correction to: Cell Research (2016) 26:529–542. doi:10.1038/cr.2016.33; published online on 22 March 2016 The authors apologized for the missing of labeling the first two authors as co-first authors, since they contributed equally to this work. The correct form is as follows. We are also sorry for the delayed notice.
- Published
- 2017
36. The Formation of Fullerenes from Sonic Velocity Gaseous Carbon
- Author
-
Raouf O. Loutfy, James C. Withers, and Chenyu Pan
- Subjects
Fullerene ,Materials science ,Chemical engineering ,Annealing (metallurgy) ,General Chemical Engineering ,Speed of sound ,Vaporization ,Physics::Atomic and Molecular Clusters ,Hybrid reactor ,Organic chemistry ,Adiabatic process - Abstract
A contact are and adiabatic expansion hybrid reactor has been utilized to provide a controlled cooling process of gaseous carbon species capable of attaining very high velocities. Both vaporization and annealing temperatures and annealing time were found to be impartant for the formation of fullerenes. Immediate rapid quenching of gaseous carbon resulted in the reduction of fullerene yields. However, rapid quenching was demonstrated to improve the fullerene yield by preserving the as-grown fullerenes in the high temperature annealing process.
- Published
- 1996
37. Rate of decomposition of C60 and C70 heated in air and the attempted characterization of the products
- Author
-
R. E. Haufler, Dieter Heymann, Milton L. Pierson, Chenyu Pan, and L. P. Felipe Chibante
- Subjects
Fullerene ,Chemistry ,Analytical chemistry ,Infrared spectroscopy ,General Chemistry ,Electron microprobe ,Toluene ,Decomposition ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Ultraviolet visible spectroscopy ,General Materials Science ,Methanol ,Pyrolysis ,Nuclear chemistry - Abstract
Solid C60 and C70 were decomposed by heating in air at temperatures ranging from 150 to 250 °C and times ranging from 1 to 743 h. The products dissolved increasingly poorly with increasing temperatures and longer times. The rates at which soluble fullerenes were extracted from products decreased also with longer time of heating. Extrapolations of decomposition rates to 25 °C suggested that a fullerene mix containing 15 mole% C70 became totally insoluble in toluene after about 450 y, while that time is about 2,000 y for C60. Analytical techniques for the characterization of products included X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy, UV-visible spectroscopy, mass-spectrometry and electron microprobe analysis. The insoluble products contained no detectable amounts of fullerenes. The products were partially soluble in acetone, methanol, and water. The insoluble portions contained a fine-grained, black powder consisting of very small carbon particles. The products contained substances with aromatic bonds and with C O, C-C and carboxylic groups.
- Published
- 1993
38. FCAN
- Author
-
Toshikiko Shimokawa, Norihiko Yoshida, Merdan Atajanov, Mohammad Belayet Hossain, and Chenyu Pan
- Subjects
Web server ,Flash (photography) ,Crowds ,business.industry ,Computer science ,Volume (computing) ,The Internet ,Cache ,DNS hijacking ,business ,computer.software_genre ,computer ,Computer network - Abstract
With the rapid spread of information and ubiquitous access of browsers, flash crowd, a sudden, unanticipated surge in the volume of request rates, has become the bane of many Internet websites. This paper models and presents FCAN, an adaptive CDN network that dynamically optimizes the system structure between peer-to-peer (P2P) and client-server(C/S) configurations to alleviate flash crowds effect. FCAN constructs P2P overlay on cache proxy layer to distribute the flash traffic from origin web server. It uses policy-configured DNS redirection to route the client requests in balance, and adopts strategy load detection to monitor and react the load changes. Our preliminary simulation result shows that the system is overall well behaved, which validates the correctness of our basic design and points the way for the future research.
- Published
- 2006
39. SUMO regulates somatic cyst stem cell maintenance and directly targets the Hedgehog pathway in adult Drosophila testis.
- Author
-
Xiangdong Lv, Chenyu Pan, Zhao Zhang, Yuanxin Xia, Hao Chen, Shuo Zhang, Tong Guo, Hui Han, Haiyun Song, Lei Zhang, and Yun Zhao
- Subjects
- *
SMALL ubiquitin-related modifier proteins , *HEDGEHOG signaling proteins , *DROSOPHILA genetics , *STEM cells , *GENETIC mutation - Abstract
SUMO (Small ubiquitin-related modifier) modification (SUMOylation) is a highly dynamic post-translational modification (PTM) that plays important roles in tissue development and disease progression. However, its function in adult stem cell maintenance is largely unknown. Here, we report the function of SUMOylation in somatic cyst stem cell (CySC) self-renewal in adult Drosophila testis. The SUMO pathway cell-autonomously regulates CySC maintenance. Reduction of SUMOylation promotes premature differentiation of CySCs and impedes the proliferation of CySCs, which leads to a reduction in the number of CySCs. Consistent with this, CySC clones carrying a mutation of the SUMO-conjugating enzyme are rapidly lost. Furthermore, inhibition of the SUMO pathway phenocopies disruption of the Hedgehog (Hh) pathway, and can block the proliferation of CySCs induced by Hh activation. Importantly, the SUMO pathway directly regulates the SUMOylation of Hh pathway transcription factor Cubitus interruptus (Ci), which is required for promoting CySC proliferation. Thus, we conclude that SUMO directly targets the Hh pathway and regulates CySC maintenance in adult Drosophila testis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Antagonistic roles of Nibbler and Hen1 in modulating piRNA 3' ends in Drosophila.
- Author
-
Hui Wang, Zaijun Ma, Kongyan Niu, Yi Xiao, Xiaofen Wu, Chenyu Pan, Yun Zhao, Kai Wang, Yaoyang Zhang, and Nan Liu
- Subjects
EUKARYOTES ,GENE expression ,NUCLEOTIDES ,TRANSPOSONS ,PROTEIN-protein interactions - Abstract
In eukaryotes, aberrant expression of transposable elements (TEs) is detrimental to the host genome. Piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) of ∼23 to 30 nucleotides bound to PIWI clade Argonaute proteins silence transposons in a manner that is strictly dependent on their sequence complementarity. Hence, a key goal in understanding piRNA pathways is to determine mechanisms that modulate piRNA sequences. Here, we identify a protein-protein interaction between the 3'-to-5' exoribonuclease Nibbler (Nbr) and Piwi that links Nbr activity with piRNA pathways. We show that there is a delicate balance in the interplay between Nbr and Hen1, a methyltransferase involved in 2'-O-methylation at the 3' terminal nucleotides of piRNAs, thus connecting two genes with opposing activities in the biogenesis of piRNA 3' ends. With age, piRNAs become shorter and fewer in number, which is coupled with the derepression of select TEs. We demonstrate that activities of Nbr and Hen1 inherently contribute to TE silencing and age-dependent profiles of piRNAs. We propose that antagonistic roles of Nbr and Hen1 define a mechanism to modulate piRNA 3' ends. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Probiotic Properties of Lactobacillus Strains Isolated from Tibetan Kefir Grains
- Author
-
Jinfeng Wang, Yingli Lu, Chenyu Pan, Yongchen Zheng, Longfei Yang, and Ying Huang
- Subjects
Male ,Cultured Milk Products ,medicine.drug_class ,lcsh:Medicine ,Biology ,Tibet ,Microbiology ,Bacterial Adhesion ,law.invention ,Bile Acids and Salts ,Rats, Sprague-Dawley ,Eating ,Feces ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Probiotic ,Lactobacillus acidophilus ,Species Specificity ,law ,Lactobacillus ,Drug Resistance, Bacterial ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,lcsh:Science ,Hypolipidemic Agents ,Multidisciplinary ,Bile acid ,Triglyceride ,Cholesterol ,Probiotics ,lcsh:R ,Body Weight ,Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ,biology.organism_classification ,Anti-Bacterial Agents ,Rats ,Lactic acid ,Intestines ,Liver ,chemistry ,lcsh:Q ,Caco-2 Cells ,Edible Grain ,Lactobacillus plantarum ,Research Article - Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the functional properties of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolated from Tibetan kefir grains. Three Lactobacillus isolates identified as Lactobacillus acidophilus LA15, Lactobacillus plantarum B23 and Lactobacillus kefiri D17 that showed resistance to acid and bile salts were selected for further evaluation of their probiotic properties. The 3 selected strains expressed high in vitro adherence to Caco-2 cells. They were sensitive to gentamicin, erythromycin and chloramphenicol and resistant to vancomycin with MIC values of 26 µg/ml. All 3 strains showed potential bile salt hydrolase (BSH) activity, cholesterol assimilation and cholesterol co-precipitation ability. Additionally, the potential effect of these strains on plasma cholesterol levels was evaluated in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. Rats in 4 treatment groups were fed the following experimental diets for 4 weeks: a high-cholesterol diet, a high-cholesterol diet plus LA15, a high-cholesterol diet plus B23 or a high-cholesterol diet plus D17. The total cholesterol, triglyceride and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in the serum were significantly (P
- Published
- 2013
42. A neurobiological association of revenge propensity during intergroup conflict
- Author
-
Xiaochun Han, Michele J Gelfand, Bing Wu, Ting Zhang, Wenxin Li, Tianyu Gao, Chenyu Pang, Taoyu Wu, Yuqing Zhou, Shuai Zhou, Xinhuai Wu, and Shihui Han
- Subjects
intergroup conflict ,oxytocin ,medial prefrontal cortex ,revenge ,Medicine ,Science ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
Revenge during intergroup conflict is a human universal, but its neurobiological underpinnings remain unclear. We address this by integrating functional MRI and measurements of endogenous oxytocin in participants who view an ingroup and an outgroup member's suffering that is caused mutually (Revenge group) or by a computer (Control group). We show that intergroup conflict encountered by the Revenge group is associated with an increased level of oxytocin in saliva compared to that in the Control group. Furthermore, the medial prefrontal activity in response to ingroup pain in the Revenge group but not in the Control group mediates the association between endogenous oxytocin and the propensity to give painful electric shocks to outgroup members, regardless of whether they were directly involved in the conflict. Our findings highlight an important neurobiological correlate of revenge propensity, which may be implicated in conflict contagion across individuals in the context of intergroup conflict.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Atrophin-Rpd3 complex represses Hedgehog signaling by acting as a corepressor of CiR.
- Author
-
Zhao Zhang, Jing Feng, Chenyu Pan, Xiangdong Lv, Wenqing Wu, Zhaocai Zhou, Feng Liu, Lei Zhang, and Yun Zhao
- Subjects
- *
HEDGEHOG signaling proteins , *DROSOPHILA melanogaster , *ZEBRA danio , *HISTONE acetylation , *TRANSCRIPTION factors - Abstract
The evolutionarily conserved Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway is transduced by the Cubitus interruptus (Ci)/Gli family of transcription factors that exist in two distinct repressor (CiR/GliR) and activator (CiA/GliA) forms. Aberrant activation of Hh signaling is associated with various human cancers, but the mechanism through which CiR/GliR properly represses target gene expression is poorly understood. Here, we used Drosophila melanogaster and zebrafish models to define a repressor function of Atrophin (Atro) in Hh signaling. Atro directly bound to Ci through its C terminus. The N terminus of Atro interacted with a histone deacetylase, Rpd3, to recruit it to a Ci-binding site at the decapentaplegic (dpp) locus and reduce dpp transcription through histone acetylation regulation. The repressor function of Atro in Hh signaling was dependent on Ci. Furthermore, Rerea, a homologue of Atro in zebrafish, repressed the expression of Hh-responsive genes. We propose that the Atro-Rpd3 complex plays a conserved role to function as a CiR corepressor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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