90 results on '"Cheng-Pin Chen"'
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2. The presence of broadly neutralizing anti-SARS-CoV-2 RBD antibodies elicited by primary series and booster dose of COVID-19 vaccine.
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Xiaorui Chen, Arpita Mohapatra, Hong Thuy Vy Nguyen, Lisa Schimanski, Tiong Kit Tan, Pramila Rijal, Cheng-Pin Chen, Shu-Hsing Cheng, Wen-Hsin Lee, Yu-Chi Chou, Alain R Townsend, Che Ma, and Kuan-Ying A Huang
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Immunologic diseases. Allergy ,RC581-607 ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
Antibody-mediated immunity plays a key role in protection against SARS-CoV-2. We characterized B-cell-derived anti-SARS-CoV-2 RBD antibody repertoires from vaccinated and infected individuals and elucidate the mechanism of action of broadly neutralizing antibodies and dissect antibodies at the epitope level. The breadth and clonality of anti-RBD B cell response varies among individuals. The majority of neutralizing antibody clones lose or exhibit reduced activities against Beta, Delta, and Omicron variants. Nevertheless, a portion of anti-RBD antibody clones that develops after a primary series or booster dose of COVID-19 vaccination exhibit broad neutralization against emerging Omicron BA.2, BA.4, BA.5, BQ.1.1, XBB.1.5 and XBB.1.16 variants. These broadly neutralizing antibodies share genetic features including a conserved usage of the IGHV3-53 and 3-9 genes and recognize three clustered epitopes of the RBD, including epitopes that partially overlap the classically defined set identified early in the pandemic. The Fab-RBD crystal and Fab-Spike complex structures corroborate the epitope grouping of antibodies and reveal the detailed binding mode of broadly neutralizing antibodies. Structure-guided mutagenesis improves binding and neutralization potency of antibody with Omicron variants via a single amino-substitution. Together, these results provide an immunological basis for partial protection against severe COVID-19 by the ancestral strain-based vaccine and indicate guidance for next generation monoclonal antibody development and vaccine design.
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- 2024
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3. Author Correction: Mortality outcomes with hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine in COVID-19 from an international collaborative meta-analysis of randomized trials
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Cathrine Axfors, Andreas M. Schmitt, Perrine Janiaud, Janneke van’t Hooft, Sherief Abd-Elsalam, Ehab F. Abdo, Benjamin S. Abella, Javed Akram, Ravi K. Amaravadi, Derek C. Angus, Yaseen M. Arabi, Shehnoor Azhar, Lindsey R. Baden, Arthur W. Baker, Leila Belkhir, Thomas Benfield, Marvin A. H. Berrevoets, Cheng-Pin Chen, Tsung-Chia Chen, Shu-Hsing Cheng, Chien-Yu Cheng, Wei-Sheng Chung, Yehuda Z. Cohen, Lisa N. Cowan, Olav Dalgard, Fernando F. de Almeida e Val, Marcus V. G. de Lacerda, Gisely C. de Melo, Lennie Derde, Vincent Dubee, Anissa Elfakir, Anthony C. Gordon, Carmen M. Hernandez-Cardenas, Thomas Hills, Andy I. M. Hoepelman, Yi-Wen Huang, Bruno Igau, Ronghua Jin, Felipe Jurado-Camacho, Khalid S. Khan, Peter G. Kremsner, Benno Kreuels, Cheng-Yu Kuo, Thuy Le, Yi-Chun Lin, Wu-Pu Lin, Tse-Hung Lin, Magnus Nakrem Lyngbakken, Colin McArthur, Bryan J. McVerry, Patricia Meza-Meneses, Wuelton M. Monteiro, Susan C. Morpeth, Ahmad Mourad, Mark J. Mulligan, Srinivas Murthy, Susanna Naggie, Shanti Narayanasamy, Alistair Nichol, Lewis A. Novack, Sean M. O’Brien, Nwora Lance Okeke, Léna Perez, Rogelio Perez-Padilla, Laurent Perrin, Arantxa Remigio-Luna, Norma E. Rivera-Martinez, Frank W. Rockhold, Sebastian Rodriguez-Llamazares, Robert Rolfe, Rossana Rosa, Helge Røsjø, Vanderson S. Sampaio, Todd B. Seto, Muhammad Shahzad, Shaimaa Soliman, Jason E. Stout, Ireri Thirion-Romero, Andrea B. Troxel, Ting-Yu Tseng, Nicholas A. Turner, Robert J. Ulrich, Stephen R. Walsh, Steve A. Webb, Jesper M. Weehuizen, Maria Velinova, Hon-Lai Wong, Rebekah Wrenn, Fernando G. Zampieri, Wu Zhong, David Moher, Steven N. Goodman, John P. A. Ioannidis, and Lars G. Hemkens
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Science - Published
- 2024
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4. Longitudinal neutralizing antibody responses after SARS-CoV-2 infection: A convalescent cohort study in Taiwan
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Yen-Fang Huang, Fang-Chi Hsu, Jiunn-Jong Wu, Yi-Ling Lin, Ming-Tsan Liu, Chin-Hui Yang, Hsu-Sung Kuo, Yen-Ju Chen, Chien-Yu Cheng, His-Hsun Lin, Chun-Che Liao, Chih-Shin Chang, Jian-Jong Liang, Wen-Yueh Cheng, Jason C. Huang, Cheng-Pin Chen, Shu-Hsing Cheng, Yi-Chun Lin, Shung-Haur Yang, and Yiing-Jenq Chou
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SARS-CoV-2 ,COVID-19 ,Disease severity ,Neutralizing antibody titer ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Abstract
Background: Understanding the neutralizing antibody (NAb) titer against COVID-19 over time is important to provide information for vaccine implementation. The longitudinal NAb titer over one year after SARS-CoV-2 infection is still unclear. The purposes of this study are to evaluate the duration of the neutralizing NAb titers in COVID-19 convalescents and factors associated with the titer positive duration. Methods: A cohort study followed COVID-19 individuals diagnosed between 2020 and 2021 May 15th from the COVID-19 database from the Taiwan Centers for Disease Control. We analyzed NAb titers from convalescent SARS-CoV-2 individuals. We used generalized estimating equations (GEE) and a Cox regression model to summarize the factors associated with NAb titers against COVID-19 decaying in the vaccine-free population. Results: A total of 203 convalescent subjects with 297 analytic samples were followed for a period of up to 588 days. Our study suggests that convalescent COVID-19 in individuals after more than a year and four months pertains to only 25% of positive titers. The GEE model indicates that longer follow-up duration was associated with a significantly lower NAb titer. The Cox regression model indicated the disease severity with advanced condition was associated with maintaining NAb titers (adjusted hazard ratio: 2.01, 95% CI: 1.11–3.63) and that smoking was also associated with higher risk of negative NAb titers (adjusted hazard ratio: 0.55, 95% CI: 0.33–0.92). Conclusions: Neutralizing antibody titers diminished after more than a year. The antibody titer response against SARS-CoV-2 in naturally convalescent individuals provides a reference for vaccinations.
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- 2023
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5. Switching to coformulated bictegravir, emtricitabine, and tenofovir alafenamide maintained viral suppression in adults with historical virological failures and K65N/R mutation
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Mao-Song Tsai, Hsin-Yun Sun, Cheng-Pin Chen, Chen-Hsiang Lee, Chun-Yuan Lee, Chun-Eng Liu, Hung-Jen Tang, Tung-Che Hung, Chia-Wen Li, Yuan-Ti Lee, Bo-Huang Liou, Chia-Jui Yang, and Chien-Ching Hung
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Viral rebound ,Low-level viremia ,Integrase strand-transfer inhibitor ,Nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitor ,Resistance-associated mutation ,Genetic barrier ,Infectious and parasitic diseases ,RC109-216 - Abstract
Objectives: Real-world experience with coformulated bictegravir, emtricitabine, and tenofovir alafenamide (BIC/FTC/TAF) is sparse as a switch regimen among people living with HIV (PLWH) having achieved viral suppression after previous virologic failures with the emergence of K65N/R. Methods: In this retrospective study, PLWH aged ≥20 years who had previous virologic failures with emergent K65N/R were included for switching to BIC/FTC/TAF after having achieved plasma HIV RNA load (PVL) 50 copies/ml) at week 48 using a modified US Food and Drug Administration snapshot algorithm. Results: A total of 72 PLWH with K65N/R who switched to BIC/FTC/TAF were identified. A total of 42 (59.7%) had concurrent M184V/I, and 9 (12.5%) had ≥1 thymidine analog mutations. The median duration of viral suppression was 4.7 years (interquartile range 2.3-5.8), and 97.2% (n = 70) had PVL
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- 2023
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6. Clinical assessment of SARS-CoV-2 infectivity by rapid antigen test compared with virus isolation
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Tai-Ling Chao, Wen-Hau Lee, Hui-Chun Hu, Yi-Chun Lin, Shu-Yuan Ho, Hui-Hou Chen, Cheng-Pin Chen, Ya-Min Tsai, Jun-Tung Fang, Si-Man Leong, Yu-Chen Cheng, Mavis Peng, Shu-Hsing Cheng, Chien-Yu Cheng, and Sui-Yuan Chang
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SARS-COV-2 ,Real-time RT-PCR ,Rapid antigen test ,Infectivity ,Infectious and parasitic diseases ,RC109-216 - Abstract
Although real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (real-time RT-PCR) remains as a golden standard for detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, it can not be easily expanded to large-scaled screening during outbreaks, and the positive results do not necessarily correlate with infectious status of the identified subjects. In this study, the performance of Vstrip® RV2 COVID-19 Antigen Rapid Test (RAT) and its correlation with virus infectivity was examined by virus culture using 163 sequential respiratory specimens collected from 26 SARS-CoV-2 infected patients. When the presence of cytopathic effects (CPE) in cell culture was used as a reference method for virus infectivity, the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of Vstrip® RV2 COVID-19 Antigen Rapid Test was 96.43%, 89.63%, and 90.8%, respectively. The highest Ct value was 27.7 for RdRp gene and 25.79 for E gene within CPE-positive samples, and the highest Ct value was 31.9 for RdRp gene and 29.1 for E gene within RAT positive samples. When the Ct values of specimens were below 25, the CPE and RAT results had high degree of consistency. We concluded that the RAT could be a great alternative method for determining the infectious potential of individuals with high viral load.
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- 2023
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7. Multicenter evaluation of four immunoassays for the performance of early diagnosis of COVID-19 and assessment of antibody responses of patients with pneumonia in Taiwan
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Yi-Chun Lin, Yu-Lin Lee, Chien-Yu Cheng, Wen-Pin Tseng, Jhong-Lin Wu, Chien-Hao Lin, Ming-Yi Chung, Chun-Min Kang, Ya-Fan Lee, Cheng-Pin Chen, Chien-Hua Huang, Chun-Eng Liu, Shu-Hsing Cheng, Shyr-Chyr Chen, Shey-Ying Chen, and Po-Ren Hsueh
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COVID-19 ,Immunoassays ,Antibody responses ,False positive ,Pneumonia ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Abstract
Background/purpose: Our study goals were to evaluate the diagnostic performance of four anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies tests and the differences in dynamic immune responses between COVID-19 patients with and without pneumonia. Methods: We collected 184 serum samples from 70 consecutively qRT-PCR-confirmed COVID-19 patients at four participating hospitals from 23 January 2020 to 30 September 2020. COVID-19 pneumonia was defined as the presence of new pulmonary infiltration. Serum samples were grouped by the duration after symptom onset on a weekly basis for antibody testing and analysis. The four immunoassays: Beckman SARS-CoV-2 IgG/IgM (Beckman Test), Siemens (ADVIA Centaur®) SARS-CoV-2 Total (COV2T) (Siemens Test), SBC COVID-19 IgG ELISA (SBC Test) and EliA SARS-CoV-2-Sp1 IgG/IgM/IgA P2 Research (EliA Test) were used for detecting the SARS-CoV-2 specific antibodies. Results: The sensitivity of all tests reached 100% after 42 days of symptom onset. Siemens Test, the only test detecting total anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, had the best performance in the early diagnosis of COVID-19 infection (day 0–7: 77%; day 8–14: 95%) compared to the other 3 serological tests. All tests showed 100% specificity except SBC Test (98%). COVID-19 patients with pneumonia had significantly higher testing signal values than patients without pneumonia (all p values
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- 2021
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8. Anti-Spike Antibody Response to Natural Infection with SARS-CoV-2 and Its Activity against Emerging Variants
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Cheng-Pin Chen, Kuan-Ying A. Huang, Shin-Ru Shih, Yi-Chun Lin, Chien-Yu Cheng, Yhu-Chering Huang, Tzou-Yien Lin, and Shu-Hsing Cheng
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COVID-19 ,neutralization antibody ,memory B cell ,Omicron ,SARS-CoV-2 ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Abstract
ABSTRACT The outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has substantially affected human health globally. Spike-specific antibody response plays a major role in protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection. Here, we examined serological anti-spike antibody and memory B cell responses in adults with acute SARS-CoV-2 infection. Twenty-five adult patients were enrolled between January and September 2020, and 21 (84%) had a detectable spike-binding antibody response in serum on day 21 ± 8 (6 to 33) after the onset of illness. Among those with positive spike-binding antibody response, 19 (90%) had a positive hemagglutination titer and 15 (71%) had angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2)-blocking serological activities. Follow-up serum samples collected 11 ± 1 (7 to 15) months after infection exhibited an average of 2.6 ± 1.0 (1.0 to 3.5)-fold reduction in the spike-binding antibody response. Moreover, convalescent and follow-up serum samples showed 83 ± 82 (15 to 306)- and 165 ± 167 (12 to 456)-fold reductions in the neutralization activity against the Omicron variant, respectively. Upon acute infection, spike-specific memory B cell responses were elicited, with an average frequency of 1.3% ± 1.2% of peripheral B cells on day 19 ± 7 (6 to 33) after the onset of illness. IgM memory B cells were predominantly induced. Patients with fever and pneumonia showed significantly stronger spike-binding, ACE2-blocking antibody, and memory B cell responses. In conclusion, spike-specific antibody response elicited upon acute SARS-CoV-2 infection may wane over time and be compromised by the emergence of viral variants. IMPORTANCE As spike protein-specific antibody responses play a major role in protection against SARS-CoV-2, we examined spike-binding and ACE2-blocking antibody responses in SARS-CoV-2 infection at different time points. We found robust responses following acute infection, which waned approximately 11 months after infection. Patients with fever and pneumonia showed significantly stronger spike-binding, ACE2-blocking antibody, and memory B cell responses. In particular, spike-specific antibody response in the convalescent and follow-up serum samples was substantially affected by emerging variants, especially Beta and Omicron variants. These results warrant continued surveillance of spike-specific antibody responses to natural infections and highlight the importance of maintaining functional anti-spike antibodies through immunization.
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- 2022
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9. Clinical validation of an automated reverse transcription-insulated isothermal PCR assay for the detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
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Pai-Ling Chang, Chia-Yi Lin, Cheng-Pin Chen, Yi-Chun Lin, Hui-Chun Hu, Shu-Hsing Cheng, and Chien-Yu Cheng
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SARS-CoV-2 ,COVID-19 ,Insulated isothermal PCR ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Abstract
To determine clinical performance of the single-target SARS-CoV-2 orf 1 ab reverse transcription-insulated isothermal PCR (RT-iiPCR) assay, the positive percentage agreement between this assay and a laboratory real-time RT-PCR assay was 96.8% (30 of 31; 95% confidence interval [CI], 90.5%–100%) and the negative percentage agreement was 97.1% (67 of 69; 95% CI, 93.1%–100%).
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- 2021
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10. Mortality outcomes with hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine in COVID-19 from an international collaborative meta-analysis of randomized trials
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Cathrine Axfors, Andreas M. Schmitt, Perrine Janiaud, Janneke van’t Hooft, Sherief Abd-Elsalam, Ehab F. Abdo, Benjamin S. Abella, Javed Akram, Ravi K. Amaravadi, Derek C. Angus, Yaseen M. Arabi, Shehnoor Azhar, Lindsey R. Baden, Arthur W. Baker, Leila Belkhir, Thomas Benfield, Marvin A. H. Berrevoets, Cheng-Pin Chen, Tsung-Chia Chen, Shu-Hsing Cheng, Chien-Yu Cheng, Wei-Sheng Chung, Yehuda Z. Cohen, Lisa N. Cowan, Olav Dalgard, Fernando F. de Almeida e Val, Marcus V. G. de Lacerda, Gisely C. de Melo, Lennie Derde, Vincent Dubee, Anissa Elfakir, Anthony C. Gordon, Carmen M. Hernandez-Cardenas, Thomas Hills, Andy I. M. Hoepelman, Yi-Wen Huang, Bruno Igau, Ronghua Jin, Felipe Jurado-Camacho, Khalid S. Khan, Peter G. Kremsner, Benno Kreuels, Cheng-Yu Kuo, Thuy Le, Yi-Chun Lin, Wu-Pu Lin, Tse-Hung Lin, Magnus Nakrem Lyngbakken, Colin McArthur, Bryan J. McVerry, Patricia Meza-Meneses, Wuelton M. Monteiro, Susan C. Morpeth, Ahmad Mourad, Mark J. Mulligan, Srinivas Murthy, Susanna Naggie, Shanti Narayanasamy, Alistair Nichol, Lewis A. Novack, Sean M. O’Brien, Nwora Lance Okeke, Léna Perez, Rogelio Perez-Padilla, Laurent Perrin, Arantxa Remigio-Luna, Norma E. Rivera-Martinez, Frank W. Rockhold, Sebastian Rodriguez-Llamazares, Robert Rolfe, Rossana Rosa, Helge Røsjø, Vanderson S. Sampaio, Todd B. Seto, Muhammad Shahzad, Shaimaa Soliman, Jason E. Stout, Ireri Thirion-Romero, Andrea B. Troxel, Ting-Yu Tseng, Nicholas A. Turner, Robert J. Ulrich, Stephen R. Walsh, Steve A. Webb, Jesper M. Weehuizen, Maria Velinova, Hon-Lai Wong, Rebekah Wrenn, Fernando G. Zampieri, Wu Zhong, David Moher, Steven N. Goodman, John P. A. Ioannidis, and Lars G. Hemkens
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Science - Abstract
Abstract Substantial COVID-19 research investment has been allocated to randomized clinical trials (RCTs) on hydroxychloroquine/chloroquine, which currently face recruitment challenges or early discontinuation. We aim to estimate the effects of hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine on survival in COVID-19 from all currently available RCT evidence, published and unpublished. We present a rapid meta-analysis of ongoing, completed, or discontinued RCTs on hydroxychloroquine or chloroquine treatment for any COVID-19 patients (protocol: https://osf.io/QESV4/ ). We systematically identified unpublished RCTs (ClinicalTrials.gov, WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform, Cochrane COVID-registry up to June 11, 2020), and published RCTs (PubMed, medRxiv and bioRxiv up to October 16, 2020). All-cause mortality has been extracted (publications/preprints) or requested from investigators and combined in random-effects meta-analyses, calculating odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs), separately for hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine. Prespecified subgroup analyses include patient setting, diagnostic confirmation, control type, and publication status. Sixty-three trials were potentially eligible. We included 14 unpublished trials (1308 patients) and 14 publications/preprints (9011 patients). Results for hydroxychloroquine are dominated by RECOVERY and WHO SOLIDARITY, two highly pragmatic trials, which employed relatively high doses and included 4716 and 1853 patients, respectively (67% of the total sample size). The combined OR on all-cause mortality for hydroxychloroquine is 1.11 (95% CI: 1.02, 1.20; I² = 0%; 26 trials; 10,012 patients) and for chloroquine 1.77 (95%CI: 0.15, 21.13, I² = 0%; 4 trials; 307 patients). We identified no subgroup effects. We found that treatment with hydroxychloroquine is associated with increased mortality in COVID-19 patients, and there is no benefit of chloroquine. Findings have unclear generalizability to outpatients, children, pregnant women, and people with comorbidities.
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- 2021
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11. Rapid establishment of a COVID-19 biobank in NHRI by National Biobank Consortium of Taiwan
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Shiu-Feng Huang, Yhu-Chering Huang, Feng-Yee Chang, Jung-Chung Lin, Chun-Hsiang Chiu, Chien-Wen Chen, Fu-Der Wang, Yen-Ling Chiu, Shu-Hsing Cheng, Chien-Yu Cheng, Yi-Chun Lin, Cheng-Pin Chen, Chien-Hsien Huang, Po-Yu Liu, Yuan-Ti Lee, Chen-Hsiang Lee, Yao-Shen Chen, Cheng-Len Sy, Yu-Ting Tseng, Cheng-Ting Hsu, Chia-Chun Tseng, Yu-Lin Lee, Chun-Eng Liu, and Huey-Kang Sytwu
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COVID-19 ,Biobank ,Pneumonia ,Consortium ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
By the request of the Minister of Health and Welfare, NHRI Biobank was assigned to establish a COVID-19 biobank in early Feb, 2020 to collect COVID-19 patients’ blood samples for Taiwan researchers and industries in an emergent way. It was set up in less than 3 weeks and quickly opened for application. By August 5, 2020, this COVID-19 biobank has collected 165 blood samples of 110 patients from more than 10 hospitals across north, middle and south part of Taiwan, including both COVID-19 (+) and (-) pneumonia patients. This biobank can provide applicants with biosamples, such as serum, DNA and RNA, and also the clinical and genomic data, so as to accelerate the COVID-19 treatment and prevention research in Taiwan. This COID-19 biobank already received 15 applications. It has become the most important research resource for the COVID-19 pandemic in Taiwan, including new screening reagents, disease mechanism, the variable human responses and epidemic preventions. Since it is publicly available for both academic and industrial applicants.
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- 2020
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12. Lopinavir/ritonavir did not shorten the duration of SARS CoV-2 shedding in patients with mild pneumonia in Taiwan
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Chien-Yu Cheng, Yu-Lin Lee, Cheng-Pin Chen, Yi-Chun Lin, Chun-Eng Liu, Chia-Hung Liao, and Shu-Hsing Cheng
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COVID-19 ,SARS CoV-2 ,Lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r) ,Shedding ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Abstract
An increase of Ct values was 0.9 per day in 2 cases of COVID-19 treated with lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r), an increase was 1.0 per day in 3 cases without LPV/r through illness day 1–10, indicating that LPV/r did not shorten the duration of SARS CoV-2 shedding.
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- 2020
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13. Multicenter evaluation of two chemiluminescence and three lateral flow immunoassays for the diagnosis of COVID-19 and assessment of antibody dynamic responses to SARS-CoV-2 in Taiwan
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Shey-Ying Chen, Yu-Lin Lee, Yi-Chun Lin, Nan-Yao Lee, Chia-Hung Liao, Yuan-Pin Hung, Min-Chi Lu, Jhong-Lin Wu, Wen-Pin Tseng, Chien-Hao Lin, Ming-Yi Chung, Chun-Min Kang, Ya-Fan Lee, Tai-Fen Lee, Chien-Yu Cheng, Cheng-Pin Chen, Chien-Hua Huang, Chun-Eng Liu, Shu-Hsing Cheng, Wen-Chien Ko, Po-Ren Hsueh, and Shyr-Chyr Chen
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COVID-19 ,antibody response ,lateral flow immunoassays ,chemiluminescence immunoassays ,cross-reactivity ,Infectious and parasitic diseases ,RC109-216 ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Abstract
ABSTRACTThis multicenter, retrospective study included 346 serum samples from 74 patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and 194 serum samples from non-COVID-19 patients to evaluate the performance of five anti-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) antibody tests, i.e. two chemiluminescence immunoassays (CLIAs): Roche Elecsys® Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Test (Roche Test) and Abbott SARS-CoV-2 IgG (Abbott Test), and three lateral flow immunoassays (LFIAs): Wondfo SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Test (Wondfo Test), ASK COVID-19 IgG/IgM Rapid Test (ASK Test), and Dynamiker 2019-nCoV IgG/IgM Rapid Test (Dynamiker Test). We found high diagnostic sensitivities (%, 95% confidence interval [CI]) for the Roche Test (97.4%, 93.4–99.0%), Abbott Test (94.0%, 89.1–96.8%), Wondfo Test (91.4%, 85.8–94.9%), ASK Test (97.4%, 93.4–99.0%), and Dynamiker Test (90.1%, 84.3–94.0%) after >21 days of symptom onset. Meanwhile, the diagnostic specificity was 99.0% (95% CI, 96.3–99.7%) for the Roche Test, 97.9% (95% CI, 94.8–99.2%) for the Abbott Test, and 100.0% (95% CI, 98.1–100.0%) for the three LFIAs. Cross-reactivity was observed in sera containing anti-cytomegalovirus (CMV) IgG/IgM antibodies and autoantibodies. No difference was observed in the time to seroconversion detection of the five serological tests. Specimens from patients with COVID-19 pneumonia demonstrated a shorter seroconversion time and higher chemiluminescent signal than those without pneumonia. Our data suggested that understanding the dynamic antibody response after COVID-19 infection and performance characteristics of different serological test are crucial for the appropriate interpretation of serological test result for the diagnosis and risk assessment of patient with COVID-19 infection.
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- 2020
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14. Correction: Breadth and function of antibody response to acute SARS-CoV-2 infection in humans
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Kuan-Ying A. Huang, Tiong Kit Tan, Ting-Hua Chen, Chung-Guei Huang, Ruth Harvey, Saira Hussain, Cheng-Pin Chen, Adam Harding, Javier Gilbert-Jaramillo, Xu Liu, Michael Knight, Lisa Schimanski, Shin-Ru Shih, Yi-Chun Lin, Chien-Yu Cheng, Shu-Hsing Cheng, Yhu-Chering Huang, Tzou-Yien Lin, Jia-Tsrong Jan, Che Ma, William James, Rodney S. Daniels, John W. McCauley, Pramila Rijal, and Alain R. Townsend
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Immunologic diseases. Allergy ,RC581-607 ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Published
- 2021
15. Safety and Immunogenicity of a Heterologous Booster of Protein Subunit Vaccine MVC-COV1901 after Two Doses of Adenoviral Vector Vaccine AZD1222
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Shu-Hsing Cheng, Yi-Chun Lin, Cheng-Pin Chen, and Chien-Yu Cheng
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COVID-19 vaccine ,SARS-CoV-2 ,heterologous booster ,protein subunit vaccine ,MVC-COV1901 ,AZD1222 ,Medicine - Abstract
We report the safety and immunogenicity results in participants administrated with a booster dose of protein subunit vaccine MVC-COV1901 at 12 (Group A) or 24 (Group B) weeks after two doses of AZD1222 (ChAdOx1 nCoV-19). The administration of the MVC-COV1901 vaccine as a booster dose in both groups was generally safe. There were no serious adverse events related to the intervention as adverse events reported were “mild” or “moderate” in nature. In subjects fully vaccinated with two doses of AZD1222, waning antibody immunity was apparent within six months of the second dose of AZD1222. At one month after the MVC-COV1901 booster dose, those who were vaccinated within 12 weeks after the last AZD1222 dose (Group A) had anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike IgG antibody titers and neutralizing antibody titers which were 14- and 6.5-fold increased, respectively, when compared to the titer levels on the day of the booster dose. On the other hand, fold-increase a month post-booster in people who had a booster 24 weeks after the last AZD1222 dose (Group B) were 19.5 and 14.0 times for anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike IgG antibody titers and neutralizing antibody titers, respectively. Among those who were vaccinated within 12 weeks after the last AZD1222 dose, we also observed 5.2- and 5.6-fold increases in neutralizing titer levels against ancestral strain and Omicron variant pseudovirus after the booster dose, respectively. These results support the use of MVC-COV1901 as a heterologous booster for individuals vaccinated with AZD1222. Furthermore, regardless of the dosing schedule, the combination of AZD1222 primary series and MVC-COV1901 booster can be cost-effective and suitably applied to low- and middle-income countries (LMIC).
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- 2022
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16. A case of transient existence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in the respiratory tract with the absence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody response
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Yi-Chun Lin, Chien-Yu Cheng, Cheng-Pin Chen, Shu-Hsing Cheng, Sui-Yuan Chang, and Po-Ren Hsueh
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COVID-19 ,SARS-CoV-2 ,Asymptomatic infection ,Colonization ,Contamination ,Infectious and parasitic diseases ,RC109-216 - Abstract
We report the case of a patient who had travelled to Japan and who presented mild respiratory symptoms during the COVID-19 outbreak period. There was transient existence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) RNA in his oropharynx. The RNA was absent in the six respiratory specimens that were subsequently tested. An anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody response was absent in the acute and convalescent sera. The reported case indicates that transient colonization of SARS-CoV-2 in the upper respiratory tract is possible without inciting any antibody response against the virus.
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- 2020
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17. Evaluation of cost-effectiveness of peginterferon plus ribavirin for chronic hepatitis C treatment and direct-acting antiviral agents among HIV-infected patients in the prison and community settings
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Cheng-Pin Chen, Chien-Yu Cheng, Huachun Zou, Chun-Han Cheng, Shu-Hsing Cheng, Cheng-Kuo Chen, Ching-Hsiang Chen, and Ming-Jong Bair
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Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Abstract
Background: In Taiwan, the majority of chronic hepatitis C carriers with HIV co-infection are intravenous drug users and inmates in correctional facilities. Peginterferon and ribavirin (PegIFN/RBV) have been the standard-of-care for chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection more than decades. We evaluated the estimated cost-effectiveness of PegIFN/RBV from the National Health Insurance Research Database, covering the population of Taiwan from 1998 to 2013. Materials and methods: This is an observational study, and study during was 2010–2016 and a total of 239 patients were treated with PegIFN/RBV. Of them, 156 patients were treated in the correctional facilities of Taipei, Taoyuan, Taichung and Taitung prisons, and 83 patients were treated in communities. The cost-effectiveness was analyzed in regimens of PegIFN/RBV and direct-acting antiviral agents. Results: By multivariate analysis, the patients completed PegIFN/RBV in prison (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 4.56, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.58–13.12, p = 0.005), HCV RNA level
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- 2019
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18. An Immunobridging Study to Evaluate the Neutralizing Antibody Titer in Adults Immunized with Two Doses of Either ChAdOx1-nCov-19 (AstraZeneca) or MVC-COV1901
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Josue Antonio Estrada, Chien-Yu Cheng, Shin-Yen Ku, Hui-Chun Hu, Hsiu-Wen Yeh, Yi-Chun Lin, Cheng-Pin Chen, Shu-Hsing Cheng, Robert Janssen, and I-Feng Lin
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immunobridging ,MVC-COV1901 ,ChAdOx nCOV-19 ,neutralizing antibodies ,Medicine - Abstract
Rapid development and deployment of vaccines is crucial to control the continuously evolving COVID-19 pandemic. The placebo-controlled phase 3 efficacy trial is still the standard for authorizing vaccines in the majority of the world. However, due to a lack of eligible participants in parts of the world, this has not always been feasible. Recently, the Taiwan Food and Drug Administration, following the consensus of the International Coalition of Medicines Regulatory Authorities (ICMRA), adopted the use of immunobridging studies as acceptable for authorizing COVID-19 vaccines in lieu of efficacy data. Here, we describe a study in which our candidate vaccine, MVC-COV1901, an adjuvanted protein subunit vaccine, has been granted emergency use authorization (EUA) in Taiwan based on a noninferiority immunobridging study. Immunogenicity results from the per protocol immunogenicity (PPI) subset (n = 903) from the MVC-COV1901 phase 2 trial were compared with results from 200 subjects who had received an adenovirus vector vaccine, AstraZeneca ChAdOx nCOV-19 (AZD1222), in a separate study. The lower bound of the 95% confidence interval (CI) of the geometric mean titer (GMT) ratio comparing MVC-COV1901 to AZD1222 was 3.4. The lower bound of the 95% CI of the sero-response rate was 95.5%. Both the GMT ratio and sero-response rate exceeded the criteria established by the Taiwan regulatory authority, leading to EUA approval of MVC-COV1901 in Taiwan.
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- 2022
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19. Breadth and function of antibody response to acute SARS-CoV-2 infection in humans.
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Kuan-Ying A Huang, Tiong Kit Tan, Ting-Hua Chen, Chung-Guei Huang, Ruth Harvey, Saira Hussain, Cheng-Pin Chen, Adam Harding, Javier Gilbert-Jaramillo, Xu Liu, Michael Knight, Lisa Schimanski, Shin-Ru Shih, Yi-Chun Lin, Chien-Yu Cheng, Shu-Hsing Cheng, Yhu-Chering Huang, Tzou-Yien Lin, Jia-Tsrong Jan, Che Ma, William James, Rodney S Daniels, John W McCauley, Pramila Rijal, and Alain R Townsend
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Immunologic diseases. Allergy ,RC581-607 ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
Serological and plasmablast responses and plasmablast-derived IgG monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) have been analysed in three COVID-19 patients with different clinical severities. Potent humoral responses were detected within 3 weeks of onset of illness in all patients and the serological titre was elicited soon after or concomitantly with peripheral plasmablast response. An average of 13.7% and 3.5% of plasmablast-derived MAbs were reactive with virus spike glycoprotein or nucleocapsid, respectively. A subset of anti-spike (10 of 32) antibodies cross-reacted with other betacoronaviruses tested and harboured extensive somatic mutations, indicative of an expansion of memory B cells upon SARS-CoV-2 infection. Fourteen of 32 anti-spike MAbs, including five anti-receptor-binding domain (RBD), three anti-non-RBD S1 and six anti-S2, neutralised wild-type SARS-CoV-2 in independent assays. Anti-RBD MAbs were further grouped into four cross-inhibiting clusters, of which six antibodies from three separate clusters blocked the binding of RBD to ACE2 and five were neutralising. All ACE2-blocking anti-RBD antibodies were isolated from two recovered patients with prolonged fever, which is compatible with substantial ACE2-blocking response in their sera. Finally, the identification of non-competing pairs of neutralising antibodies would offer potential templates for the development of prophylactic and therapeutic agents against SARS-CoV-2.
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- 2021
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20. Incidence and Risk Factors of Reinfection with HCV after Treatment in People Living with HIV
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Chien-Yu Cheng, Shin-Yen Ku, Yi-Chun Lin, Cheng-Pin Chen, Shu-Hsing Cheng, and I-Feng Lin
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people who inject drugs (PWID) ,reinfection with HCV ,people living with HIV (PLWH) ,heroin dependency ,amphetamine abuse ,men who have sex with men (MSM) ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Abstract
Infection with hepatitis C virus (HCV) does not induce protective immunity, and re-exposure to HCV can reinfect the population engaging in high-risk behavior. An increasing incidence of acute hepatitis C infection in people living with HIV (PLWH) has been described in recent years. This retrospective cohort study was conducted in PLWH who completed HCV therapy between June 2009 and June 2020 at an HIV care hospital, to analyze their basic characteristics and risky behavior. Of 2419 patients, 639 were diagnosed with HCV infection and 516 completed the HCV therapy with a sustained virologic response. In total, 59 patients (11.4%) were reinfected with acute hepatitis C, and the median time to reinfection was 85.3 weeks (IQR: 57–150). The incidence of reinfection was 6.7 cases/100 person-years. The factors associated with reinfection were being male (AHR, 8.02; 95% CI 1.08–59.49), DAA (direct-acting antiviral) treatment (AHR, 2.23; 95% CI 1.04–4.79), liver cirrhosis (AHR, 3.94; 95% CI 1.09–14.22), heroin dependency (AHR: 7.41; 95% CI 3.37–14.3), and HIV viral loads
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- 2022
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21. Author Correction: Mortality outcomes with hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine in COVID-19 from an international collaborative meta-analysis of randomized trials
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Cathrine Axfors, Andreas M. Schmitt, Perrine Janiaud, Janneke van’t Hooft, Sherief Abd-Elsalam, Ehab F. Abdo, Benjamin S. Abella, Javed Akram, Ravi K. Amaravadi, Derek C. Angus, Yaseen M. Arabi, Shehnoor Azhar, Lindsey R. Baden, Arthur W. Baker, Leila Belkhir, Thomas Benfield, Marvin A. H. Berrevoets, Cheng-Pin Chen, Tsung-Chia Chen, Shu-Hsing Cheng, Chien-Yu Cheng, Wei-Sheng Chung, Yehuda Z. Cohen, Lisa N. Cowan, Olav Dalgard, Fernando F. de Almeida e Val, Marcus V. G. de Lacerda, Gisely C. de Melo, Lennie Derde, Vincent Dubee, Anissa Elfakir, Anthony C. Gordon, Carmen M. Hernandez-Cardenas, Thomas Hills, Andy I. M. Hoepelman, Yi-Wen Huang, Bruno Igau, Ronghua Jin, Felipe Jurado-Camacho, Khalid S. Khan, Peter G. Kremsner, Benno Kreuels, Cheng-Yu Kuo, Thuy Le, Yi-Chun Lin, Wu-Pu Lin, Tse-Hung Lin, Magnus Nakrem Lyngbakken, Colin McArthur, Bryan J. McVerry, Patricia Meza-Meneses, Wuelton M. Monteiro, Susan C. Morpeth, Ahmad Mourad, Mark J. Mulligan, Srinivas Murthy, Susanna Naggie, Shanti Narayanasamy, Alistair Nichol, Lewis A. Novack, Sean M. O’Brien, Nwora Lance Okeke, Léna Perez, Rogelio Perez-Padilla, Laurent Perrin, Arantxa Remigio-Luna, Norma E. Rivera-Martinez, Frank W. Rockhold, Sebastian Rodriguez-Llamazares, Robert Rolfe, Rossana Rosa, Helge Røsjø, Vanderson S. Sampaio, Todd B. Seto, Muhammad Shahzad, Shaimaa Soliman, Jason E. Stout, Ireri Thirion-Romero, Andrea B. Troxel, Ting-Yu Tseng, Nicholas A. Turner, Robert J. Ulrich, Stephen R. Walsh, Steve A. Webb, Jesper M. Weehuizen, Maria Velinova, Hon-Lai Wong, Rebekah Wrenn, Fernando G. Zampieri, Wu Zhong, David Moher, Steven N. Goodman, John P. A. Ioannidis, and Lars G. Hemkens
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Science - Published
- 2021
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22. A multicenter, randomized, open-label, controlled trial to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of hydroxychloroquine and a retrospective study in adult patients with mild to moderate coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).
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Cheng-Pin Chen, Yi-Chun Lin, Tsung-Chia Chen, Ting-Yu Tseng, Hon-Lai Wong, Cheng-Yu Kuo, Wu-Pu Lin, Sz-Rung Huang, Wei-Yao Wang, Jia-Hung Liao, Chung-Shin Liao, Yuan-Pin Hung, Tse-Hung Lin, Tz-Yan Chang, Chin-Fu Hsiao, Yi-Wen Huang, Wei-Sheng Chung, Chien-Yu Cheng, Shu-Hsing Cheng, and Taiwan HCQ Study Group
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
ObjectiveIn this study, we evaluated the efficacy of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) via a randomized controlled trial (RCT) and a retrospective study.MethodsSubjects admitted to 11 designated public hospitals in Taiwan between April 1 and May 31, 2020, with COVID-19 diagnosis confirmed by pharyngeal real-time RT-PCR for SARS-CoV-2, were randomized at a 2:1 ratio and stratified by mild or moderate illness. HCQ (400 mg twice for 1 d or HCQ 200 mg twice daily for 6 days) was administered. Both the study and control group received standard of care (SOC). Pharyngeal swabs and sputum were collected every other day. The proportion and time to negative viral PCR were assessed on day 14. In the retrospective study, medical records were reviewed for patients admitted before March 31, 2020.ResultsThere were 33 and 37 cases in the RCT and retrospective study, respectively. In the RCT, the median times to negative rRT-PCR from randomization to hospital day 14 were 5 days (95% CI; 1, 9 days) and 10 days (95% CI; 2, 12 days) for the HCQ and SOC groups, respectively (p = 0.40). On day 14, 81.0% (17/21) and 75.0% (9/12) of the subjects in the HCQ and SOC groups, respectively, had undetected virus (p = 0.36). In the retrospective study, 12 (42.9%) in the HCQ group and 5 (55.6%) in the control group had negative rRT-PCR results on hospital day 14 (p = 0.70).ConclusionsNeither study demonstrated that HCQ shortened viral shedding in mild to moderate COVID-19 subjects.
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- 2020
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23. The association of molecular typing, vancomycin MIC, and clinical outcome for patients with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections
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Cheng-Pin Chen, Meei-Fang Liu, Chin-Fu Lin, Shih-Pin Lin, and Zhi-Yuan Shi
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clinical outcomes ,sequence type ,Staphylococcus aureus ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Abstract
Background/Purpose: There are reports of an increase in vancomycin minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) over time, a phenomenon referred to as “MIC creep”, but some studies have conflicting results. The aim of this study is to evaluate the association of molecular typing, vancomycin MIC, and clinical outcome for patients with MRSA infections. Methods: Thirty-two MRSA isolates from Taichung Veterans General Hospital (TCVGH), Taichung, Taiwan during the period of 2003 to 2008 were analyzed for the association of sequence typing, vancomycin MIC, and the correlated clinical outcome for patients with MRSA infections. The vancomycin MICs of 28 additional isolates from 2014 were used for the detection of MIC creep. Results: Among the genotypes of 32 isolates, there were 17 (53.1%) isolates with ST239-SCCmecIII, seven (21.9%) isolates with ST5-SCCmecII, six (18.8%) isolates with ST59-SCCmecIV, and two (6.2%) isolates with ST59-SCCmecVT. Two isolates had an MIC of 2 μg/mL and were identified as ST239-SCCmecIII. No statistically significant change in the distribution of MICs of all isolates was observed between 2003 and 2014 (p = 0.263). There was no significant difference in the mortality rates between two groups of patients with vancomycin MICs 0.99). Conclusion: There was no vancomycin MIC creep in the period from 2003 to 2014 in this study. Appropriate prognostic models for assessment of the association among sequence types, vancomycin MICs, and clinical outcome warrant further investigation.
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- 2017
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24. Predicting Emotional Valence of People Living with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Using Daily Voice Clips: A Preliminary Study
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Ray F. Lin, Shu-Hsing Cheng, Yung-Ping Liu, Cheng-Pin Chen, Yi-Jyun Wang, and Shu-Ying Chang
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HIV ,speech emotion recognition ,feature selection ,artificial intelligence ,clinical diagnosis ,Medicine - Abstract
To detect depression in people living with the human immunodeficiency virus (PLHIV), this preliminary study developed an artificial intelligence (AI) model aimed at discriminating the emotional valence of PLHIV. Sixteen PLHIV recruited from the Taoyuan General Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, participated in this study from 2019 to 2020. A self-developed mobile application (app) was installed on sixteen participants’ mobile phones and recorded their daily voice clips and emotional valence values. After data preprocessing of the collected voice clips was conducted, an open-source software, openSMILE, was applied to extract 384 voice features. These features were then tested with statistical methods to screen critical modeling features. Several decision-tree models were built based on various data combinations to test the effectiveness of feature selection methods. The developed model performed very well for individuals who reported an adequate amount of data with widely distributed valence values. The effectiveness of feature selection methods, limitations of collected data, and future research were discussed.
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- 2021
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25. Rapid Escherichia coli Cloned DNA Detection in Serum Using an Electrical Double Layer-Gated Field-Effect Transistor-Based DNA Sensor
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Akhil K. Paulose, Yueh-Ju Hou, Yu-Shan Huang, Navyamol Chakkalaparambil Dileep, Chia-Lin Chiu, Arnab Pal, Vishal Mani Kalaimani, Zong-Hong Lin, Chuang-Rung Chang, Cheng-Pin Chen, Yi-Chun Lin, Chien-Yu Cheng, Shu-Hsing Cheng, Chao-Min Cheng, and Yu-Lin Wang
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Analytical Chemistry - Published
- 2023
26. The prevalence and clinical features of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients with traits of asthma in Taiwan
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Wei-Chang Huang, Ben Cheng-Pin Chen, Diahn-Warng Perng, Chau-Chyun Sheu, Shih-Lung Cheng, Jeng-Yuan Hsu, and Hao-Chien Wang
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Medicine (General) ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Exacerbation ,Traits of asthma ,Taiwan ,Disease ,Clinical practice ,Immunoglobulin E ,GINA/GOLD guidelines ,Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive ,03 medical and health sciences ,R5-920 ,0302 clinical medicine ,Internal medicine ,Prevalence ,medicine ,Humans ,COPD ,Eosinophilia ,Retrospective Studies ,Asthma ,biology ,business.industry ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease ,Obstructive lung disease ,respiratory tract diseases ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Cohort ,biology.protein ,030211 gastroenterology & hepatology ,medicine.symptom ,business - Abstract
Background/Purpose The application of the checkbox for identifying patients with traits of both chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma proposed by the 2015 Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA)/Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) recommendations has not been well studied although such identification is important in clinical practice. Thus, we aimed to investigate the prevalence and features of COPD coexistent with asthma traits diagnosed based on the 2015 GINA/GOLD strategies, and explore the gap between guidelines and routine practice in the diagnosis and pharmacological management of such condition in a COPD cohort. Methods COPD subjects were enrolled retrospectively throughout Taiwan. A patient record form was completed for each participant and the data were analyzed. Results Of 340 participants, the prevalence of COPD coexistent with traits of asthma was 39.4% and 30.3% based on guidelines and physician's judgment, respectively. Coexistent patients were characterized by blood eosinophilia, higher total immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels, preserved lung function, and the presence of gastro-esophageal reflux disease and atopic disease while total IgE level > 100 kU/L and the presence of atopic disease were predictors for coexistent patients. Gaps existed in the diagnosis (a weak agreement with kappa = 0.53) and treatment (non-adherence to the preferred therapy in 18.4% of physician-judged coexistent patients) in COPD patients with asthma traits. The exacerbation history was similar between coexistent and non-coexistent patients. Conclusion We found that measuring circulatory eosinophil and total IgE levels may raise clinicians’ awareness of the presence of traits of asthma in the management of COPD.
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- 2022
27. Structures and therapeutic potential of anti-RBD human monoclonal antibodies against SARS-CoV-2
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Kuan-Ying A. Huang, Daming Zhou, Tiong Kit Tan, Charles Chen, Helen M. E. Duyvesteyn, Yuguang Zhao, Helen M. Ginn, Ling Qin, Pramila Rijal, Lisa Schimanski, Robert Donat, Adam Harding, Javier Gilbert-Jaramillo, William James, Julia A. Tree, Karen Buttigieg, Miles Carroll, Sue Charlton, Chia-En Lien, Meei-Yun Lin, Cheng-Pin Chen, Shu-Hsing Cheng, Xiaorui Chen, Tzou-Yien Lin, Elizabeth E. Fry, Jingshan Ren, Che Ma, Alain R. Townsend, and David I. Stuart
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medicine.drug_class ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,Receptor-binding domain epitope ,Monoclonal antibody ,medicine.disease_cause ,Crystallography, X-Ray ,Binding, Competitive ,Epitope ,Neutralization ,Madin Darby Canine Kidney Cells ,Epitopes ,Dogs ,Protein Domains ,Neutralization Tests ,Cricetinae ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Viral shedding ,Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (miscellaneous) ,Mutation ,Binding Sites ,biology ,SARS-CoV-2 ,Cryoelectron Microscopy ,Antibodies, Monoclonal ,COVID-19 ,Antibody cocktail ,Human monoclonal antibody ,Virology ,Antibodies, Neutralizing ,In vitro ,COVID-19 Drug Treatment ,Antibody-antigen complex ,Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus ,biology.protein ,In vitro and in vivo function ,Female ,Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 ,Antibody ,Viral load ,Research Paper - Abstract
Background: Administration of potent anti-receptor-binding domain (RBD) monoclonal antibodies has been shown to curtail viral shedding and reduce hospitalization in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, the structure-function analysis of potent human anti-RBD monoclonal antibodies and its links to the formulation of antibody cocktails remains largely elusive. Methods: Previously, we isolated a panel of neutralizing anti-RBD monoclonal antibodies from convalescent patients and showed their neutralization efficacy in vitro. Here, we elucidate the mechanism of action of antibodies and dissect antibodies at the epitope level, which leads to a formation of a potent antibody cocktail. Results: We found that representative antibodies which target non-overlapping epitopes are effective against wild type virus and recently emerging variants of concern, whilst being encoded by antibody genes with few somatic mutations. Neutralization is associated with the inhibition of binding of viral RBD to ACE2 and possibly of the subsequent fusion process. Structural analysis of representative antibodies, by cryo-electron microscopy and crystallography, reveals that they have some unique aspects that are of potential value while sharing some features in common with previously reported neutralizing monoclonal antibodies. For instance, one has a common VH 3-53 public variable region yet is unusually resilient to mutation at residue 501 of the RBD. We evaluate the in vivo efficacy of an antibody cocktail consisting of two potent non-competing anti-RBD antibodies in a Syrian hamster model. We demonstrate that the cocktail prevents weight loss, reduces lung viral load and attenuates pulmonary inflammation in hamsters in both prophylactic and therapeutic settings. Although neutralization of one of these antibodies is abrogated by the mutations of variant B.1.351, it is also possible to produce a bi-valent cocktail of antibodies both of which are resilient to variants B.1.1.7, B.1.351 and B.1.617.2. Conclusions: These findings support the up-to-date and rational design of an anti-RBD antibody cocktail as a therapeutic candidate against COVID-19.
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- 2022
28. Switching to coformulated bictegravir, emtricitabine, and tenofovir alafenamide maintained viral suppression in adults with historical virological failures and K65N/R mutation
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Mao-Song Tsai, Hsin-Yun Sun, Cheng-Pin Chen, Chen-Hsiang Lee, Chun-Yuan Lee, Chun-Eng Liu, Hung-Jen Tang, Tung-Che Hung, Chia-Wen Li, Yuan-Ti Lee, Bo-Huang Liou, Chia-Jui Yang, and Chien-Ching Hung
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Microbiology (medical) ,Adult ,Alanine ,Anti-HIV Agents ,Adenine ,HIV Infections ,General Medicine ,Viral Load ,Heterocyclic Compounds, 4 or More Rings ,Drug Combinations ,Infectious Diseases ,Mutation ,Humans ,Emtricitabine ,Tenofovir ,Retrospective Studies - Abstract
Real-world experience with coformulated bictegravir, emtricitabine, and tenofovir alafenamide (BIC/FTC/TAF) is sparse as a switch regimen among people living with HIV (PLWH) having achieved viral suppression after previous virologic failures with the emergence of K65N/R.In this retrospective study, PLWH aged ≥20 years who had previous virologic failures with emergent K65N/R were included for switching to BIC/FTC/TAF after having achieved plasma HIV RNA load (PVL)200 copies/ml for ≥3 months. PLWH were excluded if integrase inhibitor resistance-associated mutations were detected. The primary end point was losing virologic control (PVL50 copies/ml) at week 48 using a modified US Food and Drug Administration snapshot algorithm.A total of 72 PLWH with K65N/R who switched to BIC/FTC/TAF were identified. A total of 42 (59.7%) had concurrent M184V/I, and 9 (12.5%) had ≥1 thymidine analog mutations. The median duration of viral suppression was 4.7 years (interquartile range 2.3-5.8), and 97.2% (n = 70) had PVL50 copies/ml before switching. After a median observation of 98.6 weeks (interquartile range 77.9-120.3), 94.4% (n = 68) continued BIC/FTC/TAF. At week 48, the rate of losing virologic control was 2.8% (2/72). M184V/I was not associated with viral rebound.Despite the emergence of K65N/R +/- M184V/I after virologic failures, BIC/FTC/TAF could be an option for simplification after viral suppression.
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- 2022
29. Rapid establishment of a COVID-19 biobank in NHRI by National Biobank Consortium of Taiwan
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Fu Der Wang, Chen Hsiang Lee, Cheng Ting Hsu, Chien Wen Chen, Yao Shen Chen, Chien Hsien Huang, Chien Yu Cheng, Po-Yu Liu, Yu Lin Lee, Yhu Chering Huang, Huey-Kang Sytwu, Feng-Yee Chang, Chun Eng Liu, Shu Hsing Cheng, Cheng Len Sy, Chun Hsiang Chiu, Chia Chun Tseng, Jung Chung Lin, Yen Ling Chiu, Cheng-Pin Chen, Yuan Ti Lee, Yi-Chun Lin, Shiu Feng Huang, and Yu-Ting Tseng
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0301 basic medicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,Genomic data ,Pneumonia, Viral ,Taiwan ,Article ,Betacoronavirus ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Pandemic ,medicine ,Humans ,Pandemics ,lcsh:QH301-705.5 ,Biological Specimen Banks ,Biobank ,lcsh:R5-920 ,SARS-CoV-2 ,COVID-19 ,Pneumonia ,General Medicine ,Hospitals ,COVID-19 Drug Treatment ,Important research ,030104 developmental biology ,lcsh:Biology (General) ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Family medicine ,Business ,Coronavirus Infections ,lcsh:Medicine (General) ,Consortium - Abstract
By the request of the Minister of Health and Welfare, NHRI Biobank was assigned to establish a COVID-19 biobank in early Feb, 2020 to collect COVID-19 patients' blood samples for Taiwan researchers and industries in an emergent way. It was set up in less than 3 weeks and quickly opened for application. By August 5, 2020, this COVID-19 biobank has collected 165 blood samples of 110 patients from more than 10 hospitals across north, middle and south part of Taiwan, including both COVID-19 (+) and (-) pneumonia patients. This biobank can provide applicants with biosamples, such as serum, DNA and RNA, and also the clinical and genomic data, so as to accelerate the COVID-19 treatment and prevention research in Taiwan. This COID-19 biobank already received 15 applications. It has become the most important research resource for the COVID-19 pandemic in Taiwan, including new screening reagents, disease mechanism, the variable human responses and epidemic preventions. Since it is publicly available for both academic and industrial applicants.
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- 2020
30. Lopinavir/ritonavir did not shorten the duration of SARS CoV-2 shedding in patients with mild pneumonia in Taiwan
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Shu Hsing Cheng, Yu Lin Lee, Chun Eng Liu, Cheng-Pin Chen, Yi-Chun Lin, Chia Hung Liao, and Chien Yu Cheng
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Male ,0301 basic medicine ,lcsh:QR1-502 ,Lopinavir/ritonavir ,Lopinavir ,lcsh:Microbiology ,0302 clinical medicine ,immune system diseases ,Immunology and Allergy ,030212 general & internal medicine ,virus diseases ,Chloroquine ,General Medicine ,Lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r) ,Middle Aged ,Virus Shedding ,Drug Combinations ,COVID-19 ,Shedding ,SARS CoV-2 ,Infectious Diseases ,Female ,Coronavirus Infections ,medicine.drug ,Microbiology (medical) ,2019-20 coronavirus outbreak ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) ,Pneumonia, Viral ,030106 microbiology ,Taiwan ,Antiviral Agents ,Article ,Betacoronavirus ,03 medical and health sciences ,Ribavirin ,medicine ,Humans ,In patient ,Pandemics ,Ritonavir ,General Immunology and Microbiology ,SARS-CoV-2 ,business.industry ,medicine.disease ,Virology ,Pneumonia ,business - Abstract
An increase of Ct values was 0.9 per day in 2 cases of COVID-19 treated with lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r), an increase was 1.0 per day in 3 cases without LPV/r through illness day 1-10, indicating that LPV/r did not shorten the duration of SARS CoV-2 shedding.
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- 2020
31. Predicting Emotional Valence of People Living with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Using Daily Voice Clips: A Preliminary Study
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Yi-Jyun Wang, Shu-Ying Chang, Ray F. Lin, Shu-Hsing Cheng, Yung-Ping Liu, and Cheng-Pin Chen
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Leadership and Management ,Applied psychology ,Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) ,Health Informatics ,Feature selection ,Emotional valence ,medicine.disease_cause ,Article ,feature selection ,Health Information Management ,medicine ,General hospital ,Valence (psychology) ,CLIPS ,computer.programming_language ,Health Policy ,HIV ,artificial intelligence ,Test (assessment) ,clinical diagnosis ,speech emotion recognition ,Medicine ,Data pre-processing ,Psychology ,computer - Abstract
To detect depression in people living with the human immunodeficiency virus (PLHIV), this preliminary study developed an artificial intelligence (AI) model aimed at discriminating the emotional valence of PLHIV. Sixteen PLHIV recruited from the Taoyuan General Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, participated in this study from 2019 to 2020. A self-developed mobile application (app) was installed on sixteen participants’ mobile phones and recorded their daily voice clips and emotional valence values. After data preprocessing of the collected voice clips was conducted, an open-source software, openSMILE, was applied to extract 384 voice features. These features were then tested with statistical methods to screen critical modeling features. Several decision-tree models were built based on various data combinations to test the effectiveness of feature selection methods. The developed model performed very well for individuals who reported an adequate amount of data with widely distributed valence values. The effectiveness of feature selection methods, limitations of collected data, and future research were discussed.
- Published
- 2021
32. Author Correction: Mortality outcomes with hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine in COVID-19 from an international collaborative meta-analysis of randomized trials
- Author
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Steven N. Goodman, Norma E. Rivera-Martinez, Magnus Nakrem Lyngbakken, David Moher, John P. A. Ioannidis, Frank W. Rockhold, Todd B. Seto, Helge Røsjø, Vincent Dubée, Ahmad Mourad, Andrea B. Troxel, Carmen M. Hernández-Cárdenas, Vanderson de Souza Sampaio, Thuy Le, Andy I. M. Hoepelman, Fernando Val, Sean M. O'Brien, Ting Yu Tseng, Leila Belkhir, Susanna Naggie, Patricia Meza-Meneses, Marvin A.H. Berrevoets, Javed Akram, Alistair Nichol, Léna Perez, Rebekah Wrenn, Susan C. Morpeth, Laurent Perrin, Felipe Jurado-Camacho, Lindsey R. Baden, Shehnoor Azhar, Bryan J. McVerry, Cheng-Yu Kuo, Arantxa Remigio-Luna, Thomas Hills, Cathrine Axfors, Ireri Thirion-Romero, Steve Webb, Wuelton Marcelo Monteiro, Jason E. Stout, Jesper M. Weehuizen, Peter G. Kremsner, Shanti Narayanasamy, Derek C. Angus, Yehuda Z. Cohen, Shu Hsing Cheng, Gisely Cardoso de Melo, Rossana Rosa, Nwora Lance Okeke, Stephen R. Walsh, Srinivas Murthy, Anissa Elfakir, Mark J. Mulligan, Olav Dalgard, Cheng-Pin Chen, Tse Hung Lin, Fernando G. Zampieri, Khalid S. Khan, Yi-Wen Huang, Anthony C. Gordon, Yaseen M. Arabi, Wu Zhong, Hon Lai Wong, Wei Sheng Chung, Bruno Igau, Andreas M. Schmitt, Maria Velinova, Robert J. Ulrich, Nicholas A Turner, Wu Pu Lin, Janneke van’t Hooft, Shaimaa Soliman, Lennie P. G. Derde, Colin McArthur, Arthur W. Baker, Benno Kreuels, Ravi K. Amaravadi, Ronghua Jin, Benjamin S. Abella, Sherief Abd-Elsalam, Thomas Benfield, Lewis A. Novack, Lars G. Hemkens, Ehab F. Abdo, Perrine Janiaud, Sebastian Rodriguez-Llamazares, Chien Yu Cheng, Muhammad Shahzad, Robert Rolfe, Tsung Chia Chen, Yi-Chun Lin, Rogelio Perez-Padilla, Marcus V. G. Lacerda, and Lisa N. Cowan
- Subjects
Adult ,medicine.medical_specialty ,2019-20 coronavirus outbreak ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,Epidemiology ,International Cooperation ,Science ,MEDLINE ,General Physics and Astronomy ,Comorbidity ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ,law.invention ,Randomized controlled trial ,Pregnancy ,law ,Chloroquine ,Internal medicine ,Odds Ratio ,medicine ,Humans ,Pregnancy Complications, Infectious ,Author Correction ,Child ,Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ,Multidisciplinary ,SARS-CoV-2 ,business.industry ,COVID-19 ,Hydroxychloroquine ,General Chemistry ,Combined Modality Therapy ,COVID-19 Drug Treatment ,Viral infection ,Meta-analysis ,Female ,Patient Participation ,business ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Substantial COVID-19 research investment has been allocated to randomized clinical trials (RCTs) on hydroxychloroquine/chloroquine, which currently face recruitment challenges or early discontinuation. We aim to estimate the effects of hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine on survival in COVID-19 from all currently available RCT evidence, published and unpublished. We present a rapid meta-analysis of ongoing, completed, or discontinued RCTs on hydroxychloroquine or chloroquine treatment for any COVID-19 patients (protocol: https://osf.io/QESV4/ ). We systematically identified unpublished RCTs (ClinicalTrials.gov, WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform, Cochrane COVID-registry up to June 11, 2020), and published RCTs (PubMed, medRxiv and bioRxiv up to October 16, 2020). All-cause mortality has been extracted (publications/preprints) or requested from investigators and combined in random-effects meta-analyses, calculating odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs), separately for hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine. Prespecified subgroup analyses include patient setting, diagnostic confirmation, control type, and publication status. Sixty-three trials were potentially eligible. We included 14 unpublished trials (1308 patients) and 14 publications/preprints (9011 patients). Results for hydroxychloroquine are dominated by RECOVERY and WHO SOLIDARITY, two highly pragmatic trials, which employed relatively high doses and included 4716 and 1853 patients, respectively (67% of the total sample size). The combined OR on all-cause mortality for hydroxychloroquine is 1.11 (95% CI: 1.02, 1.20; I² = 0%; 26 trials; 10,012 patients) and for chloroquine 1.77 (95%CI: 0.15, 21.13, I² = 0%; 4 trials; 307 patients). We identified no subgroup effects. We found that treatment with hydroxychloroquine is associated with increased mortality in COVID-19 patients, and there is no benefit of chloroquine. Findings have unclear generalizability to outpatients, children, pregnant women, and people with comorbidities.
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- 2021
33. A case of transient existence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in the respiratory tract with the absence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody response
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Chien Yu Cheng, Cheng-Pin Chen, Sui-Yuan Chang, Yi-Chun Lin, Shu Hsing Cheng, and Po-Ren Hsueh
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0301 basic medicine ,Microbiology (medical) ,Colonization ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) ,viruses ,030106 microbiology ,Article ,Virus ,lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Contamination ,Medicine ,lcsh:RC109-216 ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Respiratory system ,skin and connective tissue diseases ,business.industry ,SARS-CoV-2 ,fungi ,Asymptomatic infection ,RNA ,Outbreak ,virus diseases ,COVID-19 ,General Medicine ,Virology ,respiratory tract diseases ,body regions ,Infectious Diseases ,Antibody response ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,business ,Respiratory tract - Abstract
Highlights • A case of transient existence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in the respiratory tract with the absence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody response • The SARS-CoV-2 RNA was absent in the six respiratory specimens that were subsequently tested. • Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgM and IgG were absent in the acute and convalescent sera., We report a patient who had travelled to Japan presented mild respiratory symptom during the COVID-19 infection outbreak period. There was transient existence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in his oropharynx. The RNA was absent in the six respiratory specimens that were subsequently tested. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody response in the acute and convalescent sera were absent. The reported case indicates that transient colonization of SARS-CoV-2 in the upper respiratory tract is possible without inciting any antibody response against the virus.
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- 2020
34. Early Seroreversion After 2 Doses of Hepatitis A Vaccination in Human Immunodeficiency Virus–Positive Patients: Incidence and Associated Factors
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Po-Liang Lu, Chun-Eng Liu, Chen-Hsiang Lee, Chia-Jui Yang, Sung-Hsi Huang, Te-Yu Lin, Shu-Hsing Cheng, Chung-Hao Huang, Kuan-Yin Lin, Chien-Ching Hung, Guan-Jhou Chen, Shih-Ping Lin, Tun-Chieh Chen, Ning-Chi Wang, Cheng-Pin Chen, Chi-Ying Lin, Yuan-Ti Lee, and Yu-Lin Lee
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0301 basic medicine ,Pediatrics ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Hepatology ,business.industry ,Viral Hepatitis ,Incidence (epidemiology) ,Case-control study ,virus diseases ,Retrospective cohort study ,Viremia ,Original Articles ,Odds ratio ,medicine.disease ,Serology ,Vaccination ,03 medical and health sciences ,030104 developmental biology ,0302 clinical medicine ,Medicine ,Original Article ,030211 gastroenterology & hepatology ,Seroconversion ,business - Abstract
Serological responses (Seroresponse) and durability of hepatitis A virus (HAV) vaccination are reduced among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)‐positive patients. Incidence of and associated factors with early seroreversion (loss of seroresponse) among HIV‐positive patients who have achieved seroresponses after two doses of HAV vaccination remain unclear. In this multicenter study, we followed HIV‐positive adults who had mounted seroresponses after completing two doses of HAV vaccination during a recent outbreak of acute hepatitis A between 2015 and 2017, a 1:4 case‐control study was conducted to identify factors associated with seroreversion. Case patients were those with seroreversion, and controls were those with similar follow‐up durations who were able to maintain seroresponses. During the study period, 49 of the 1,256 patients (3.9%) seroreverted after a median follow‐up of 611 days. In a case‐control study, seroreversion was more likely to occur in patients with a higher weight (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.703; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.292‐2.323, per 10‐kg increment) and HIV viremia at the time of vaccination (aOR, 2.922; 95% CI, 1.067‐7.924), whereas positive seroresponse at 6 months of HAV vaccination and higher CD4 lymphocyte counts at vaccination were inversely associated with early seroreversion with an aOR of 0.059 (95% CI, 0.020‐0.154) and 0.837 (95% CI, 0.704‐0.979, per 100‐cell/mm3 increment), respectively, in multivariable analyses. Conclusion: During an outbreak setting, early seroreversion following two‐dose HAV vaccination occurred in 3.9% of HIV‐positive patients. Lower and delayed seroresponses to HAV vaccination, a higher weight, and HIV viremia and lower CD4 lymphocyte counts at the time of HAV vaccination were associated with early seroreversion. Regular monitoring of seroresponse and booster vaccination might be warranted, especially in HIV‐positive adults with predictors of early seroreversion.
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- 2019
35. Maintenance Chemotherapy with S-1 Following SOX Regimen Chemotherapy Improves Prognosis of Stage 3 Gastric Cancer After D2 Gastrectomy: A 5-Year Analysis
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Wenming Feng, Chengwu Tang, Cheng Pin Chen, and Ying Chun Bao
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0301 basic medicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,medicine.medical_treatment ,overall survival ,chemotherapy ,Gastroenterology ,OncoTargets and Therapy ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Adjuvant therapy ,Pharmacology (medical) ,recurrence-free survival ,Stage (cooking) ,Original Research ,Body surface area ,Chemotherapy ,business.industry ,gastric cancer ,Cancer ,Retrospective cohort study ,medicine.disease ,Oxaliplatin ,Regimen ,030104 developmental biology ,Oncology ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,business ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Chengwu Tang, Wenming Feng, Ying Bao, Cheng Chen Department of General Surgery, First People’s Hospital Affiliated to Huzhou Normal College, Huzhou, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Cheng Chen Department of General SurgeryFirst People’s Hospital Affiliated to Huzhou Normal College, No. 158 Guangchang Hou Road, Huzhou, Zhejiang Province 313000, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86 05722039346Fax +86 05722023728Email wjc_hzyy@sina.comObjective: To assess the effectiveness and safety of treatment consisting of maintenance chemotherapy (MCT) with S-1 following S-1 plus oxaliplatin (SOX) chemotherapy for stage 3 gastric cancer (GC) after D2 gastrectomy.Methods: In this retrospective study, we enrolled 255 patients with stage 3 GC who underwent D2 gastrectomy between February 2011 and May 2014. The SOX regimen chemotherapy was administrated to all of the patients as adjuvant therapy. The SOX regimen consisted of S-1 (for patients with a body surface area [BSA] of less than 1.25 m2, 80 mg/d; 100 mg/d for BSA=1.25 m2- < 1.5 m2, and 120 mg/d for BSA≥ 1.5 m2, in 2 divided doses for 14 d) and oxaliplatin (130 mg/m2 given on Day 1), repeated every 21 d for 8 cycles. Following SOX chemotherapy, 122 of these patients received maintenance chemotherapy (the MCT group) with S-1, whereas 133 patients (the control group) received no MCT. The MCT consisted of S-1 (80, 100, or 120 mg daily based on BSA, in 2 divided doses for 14 d), repeated every 21 d for 8 cycles at most. The chemotherapy was discontinued if unacceptable toxicity or disease progression occurred or upon the request of the patient. All cases were followed up, and overall survival (OS), recurrence-free survival (RFS), and toxicities were compared.Results: The MCT group exhibited a distinctly higher 5-year OS (P=0.0425) and RFS (P=0.0479) than those of the control group. The incidence of hand-foot syndrome was markedly greater in the MCT group (P=0.0026). No toxicity-related death occurred.Conclusion: Maintenance chemotherapy with S-1 following the SOX regimen chemotherapy provides significant survival benefit for stage 3 GC after D2 gastrectomy.Keywords: gastric cancer, chemotherapy, overall survival, recurrence-free survival
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- 2020
36. Multicenter evaluation of two chemiluminescence and three lateral flow immunoassays for the diagnosis of COVID-19 and assessment of antibody dynamic responses to SARS-CoV-2 in Taiwan
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Chien-Hua Huang, Cheng-Pin Chen, Ya Fan Lee, Yu Lin Lee, Chien Yu Cheng, Min-Chi Lu, Ming Yi Chung, Chun Min Kang, Shey-Ying Chen, Chia Hung Liao, Wen Chien Ko, Shyr-Chyr Chen, Yuan Pin Hung, Tai Fen Lee, Po-Ren Hsueh, Shu Hsing Cheng, Jhong Lin Wu, Nan Yao Lee, Yi-Chun Lin, Chun Eng Liu, Chien Hao Lin, and Wen Pin Tseng
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0301 basic medicine ,Male ,cross-reactivity ,Epidemiology ,medicine.disease_cause ,Antibodies, Viral ,Cross-reactivity ,Gastroenterology ,Severity of Illness Index ,Serology ,Drug Discovery ,Coronavirus ,Immunoassay ,biology ,General Medicine ,Middle Aged ,Infectious Diseases ,Seroconversion ,Female ,Antibody ,Coronavirus Infections ,Research Article ,Adult ,medicine.medical_specialty ,lateral flow immunoassays ,030106 microbiology ,Pneumonia, Viral ,Immunology ,Taiwan ,Cross Reactions ,Microbiology ,03 medical and health sciences ,Betacoronavirus ,chemiluminescence immunoassays ,Internal medicine ,Virology ,parasitic diseases ,medicine ,Humans ,Serologic Tests ,Pandemics ,Aged ,business.industry ,SARS-CoV-2 ,Autoantibody ,COVID-19 ,Reproducibility of Results ,antibody response ,medicine.disease ,Confidence interval ,Pneumonia ,030104 developmental biology ,Luminescent Measurements ,biology.protein ,Parasitology ,business - Abstract
This multicenter, retrospective study included 346 serum samples from 74 patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and 194 serum samples from non-COVID-19 patients to evaluate the performance of five anti-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) antibody tests, i.e. two chemiluminescence immunoassays (CLIAs): Roche Elecsys® Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Test (Roche Test) and Abbott SARS-CoV-2 IgG (Abbott Test), and three lateral flow immunoassays (LFIAs): Wondfo SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Test (Wondfo Test), ASK COVID-19 IgG/IgM Rapid Test (ASK Test), and Dynamiker 2019-nCoV IgG/IgM Rapid Test (Dynamiker Test). We found high diagnostic sensitivities (%, 95% confidence interval [CI]) for the Roche Test (97.4%, 93.4–99.0%), Abbott Test (94.0%, 89.1–96.8%), Wondfo Test (91.4%, 85.8–94.9%), ASK Test (97.4%, 93.4–99.0%), and Dynamiker Test (90.1%, 84.3–94.0%) after >21 days of symptom onset. Meanwhile, the diagnostic specificity was 99.0% (95% CI, 96.3–99.7%) for the Roche Test, 97.9% (95% CI, 94.8–99.2%) for the Abbott Test, and 100.0% (95% CI, 98.1–100.0%) for the three LFIAs. Cross-reactivity was observed in sera containing anti-cytomegalovirus (CMV) IgG/IgM antibodies and autoantibodies. No difference was observed in the time to seroconversion detection of the five serological tests. Specimens from patients with COVID-19 pneumonia demonstrated a shorter seroconversion time and higher chemiluminescent signal than those without pneumonia. Our data suggested that understanding the dynamic antibody response after COVID-19 infection and performance characteristics of different serological test are crucial for the appropriate interpretation of serological test result for the diagnosis and risk assessment of patient with COVID-19 infection.
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- 2020
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37. Mortality outcomes with hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine in COVID-19: an international collaborative meta-analysis of randomized trials
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Thomas Hills, Cathrine Axfors, Yehuda Z. Cohen, Nwora Lance Okeke, Fernando G. Zampieri, Lindsey R. Baden, Ting-Yu Tseng, Derek C. Angus, Vanderson de Souza Sampaio, Thuy Le, Bruno Igau, Fernando Almeida Val, Shanti Narayanasamy, Tsung-Chia Chen, Shaimaa Soliman, Srinivas Murthy, Nicholas A Turner, Lennie P. G. Derde, Sean M. O'Brien, Cheng-Pin Chen, Todd B. Seto, Benjamin S. Abella, Ireri Thirion-Romero, Stephen R. Walsh, Muhammad Shehzad, Wu Zhong, Yaseen M. Arabi, Sherief Abd-Elsalam, Anissa Elfakir, Javed Akram, Léna Perez, Mark J. Mulligan, Wei-Sheng Chung, John P. A. Ioannidis, Khalid S. Khan, Yi-Wen Huang, Felipe Jurado-Camacho, Thomas Benfield, Wuelton Marcelo Monteiro, Jason E. Stout, Anthony C. Gordon, Bryan J. McVerry, Lars G. Hemkens, Robert J. Ulrich, Colin McArthur, Sebastian Rodriguez-Llamazares, Hon-Lai Wong, Norma E. Rivera-Martinez, Leila Belkhir, Magnus Nakrem Lyngbakken, Andy I. M. Hoepelman, Ehab F. Abdo, David Moher, Maria Velinova, Benno Kreuels, Arthur W. Baker, Ravi K. Amaravadi, Ahmad Mourad, Ronghua Jin, Perrine Janiaud, Shehnoor Azhar, Marvin A.H. Berrevoets, Chien-Yu Cheng, Arantxa Remigio-Luna, Shu-Hsing Cheng, Lewis A. Novack, Steve Webb, Steven N. Goodman, Helge Røsjø, Tse-Hung Lin, Vincent Dubée, Andrea B. Troxel, Frank W. Rockhold, Rossana Rosa, Peter G. Kremsner, Rebekah Wrenn, Susan C. Morpeth, Laurent Perrin, Andreas M. Schmitt, Robert Rolfe, Alistair Nichol, Carmen M. Hernández-Cárdenas, Janneke van 't Hooft, Olav Dalgard, Susanna Naggie, Yi-Chun Lin, Jesper M. Weehuizen, Gisely Cardoso de Melo, Wu-Pu Lin, Patricia Meza-Meneses, Cheng-Yu Kuo, Lisa N. Cowan, Rogelio Perez-Padilla, and Marcus V. G. Lacerda
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,business.industry ,Hydroxychloroquine ,Odds ratio ,Confidence interval ,law.invention ,Clinical trial ,Randomized controlled trial ,law ,Chloroquine ,Meta-analysis ,Internal medicine ,Medicine ,business ,medicine.drug - Abstract
BackgroundSubstantial COVID-19 research investment has been allocated to randomized clinical trials (RCTs) on hydroxychloroquine/chloroquine, which currently face recruitment challenges or early discontinuation. We aimed to estimate the effects of hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine on survival in COVID-19 from all currently available RCT evidence, published and unpublished. Methods: Rapid meta-analysis of ongoing, completed, or discontinued RCTs on hydroxychloroquine or chloroquine treatment for any COVID-19 patients (protocol: https://osf.io/QESV4/). We systematically identified published and unpublished RCTs by September 14, 2020 (ClinicalTrials.gov, WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform, PubMed, Cochrane COVID-19 registry). All-cause mortality was extracted (publications/preprints) or requested from investigators and combined in random-effects meta-analyses, calculating odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs), separately for hydroxychloroquine/chloroquine. Prespecified subgroup analyses included patient setting, diagnostic confirmation, control type, and publication status.ResultsSixty-two trials were potentially eligible. We included 16 unpublished trials (1596 patients) and 10 publications/preprints (6317 patients). The combined summary OR on all-cause mortality for hydroxychloroquine was 1.08 (95%CI: 0.99, 1.18; I2=0%; 24 trials; 7659 patients) and for chloroquine 1.77 (95%CI: 0.15, 21.13, I2=0%; 4 trials; 307 patients). We identified no subgroup effects.ConclusionsWe found no benefit of hydroxychloroquine or chloroquine on the survival of COVID-19 patients. For hydroxychloroquine, the confidence interval is compatible with increased mortality (OR 1.18) or negligibly reduced mortality (OR 0.99). Findings have unclear generalizability to outpatients, children, pregnant women, and people with comorbidities.
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- 2020
38. A multicenter, randomized, open-label, controlled trial to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of hydroxychloroquine and a retrospective study in adult patients with mild to moderate coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)
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Ting-Yu Tseng, Tse-Hung Lin, Yuan Pin Hung, Hon-Lai Wong, Chung-Shin Liao, Cheng-Pin Chen, Wei-Yao Wang, Chien-Yu Cheng, Yi-Wen Huang, Wu-Pu Lin, Wei-Sheng Chung, Tsung-Chia Chen, Cheng-Yu Kuo, Shu-Hsing Cheng, Chin-Fu Hsiao, Yi-Chun Lin, Tz-Yan Chang, Sz-Rung Huang, and Jia-Hung Liao
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0301 basic medicine ,Male ,RNA viruses ,Viral Diseases ,Coronaviruses ,law.invention ,Geographical Locations ,0302 clinical medicine ,Medical Conditions ,Randomized controlled trial ,law ,Medicine and Health Sciences ,Public and Occupational Health ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Young adult ,Pathology and laboratory medicine ,Multidisciplinary ,Medical record ,Drugs ,Standard of Care ,Chloroquine ,Middle Aged ,Medical microbiology ,Vaccination and Immunization ,Treatment Outcome ,Infectious Diseases ,Tolerability ,Research Design ,Viruses ,Observational Studies ,Medicine ,Female ,medicine.symptom ,Safety ,SARS CoV 2 ,Pathogens ,medicine.drug ,Hydroxychloroquine ,Research Article ,Adult ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Randomization ,Drug Research and Development ,Asia ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,SARS coronavirus ,Science ,Immunology ,Taiwan ,Research and Analysis Methods ,Microbiology ,03 medical and health sciences ,Young Adult ,Antimalarials ,Antiviral Therapy ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Clinical Trials ,Retrospective Studies ,Pharmacology ,business.industry ,Organisms ,Viral pathogens ,Biology and Life Sciences ,Retrospective cohort study ,Covid 19 ,Randomized Controlled Trials ,COVID-19 Drug Treatment ,Microbial pathogens ,030104 developmental biology ,People and Places ,Sputum ,Observational study ,Preventive Medicine ,Clinical Medicine ,business - Abstract
Objective In this study, we evaluated the efficacy of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) via a randomized controlled trial (RCT) and a retrospective study. Methods Subjects admitted to 11 designated public hospitals in Taiwan between April 1 and May 31, 2020, with COVID-19 diagnosis confirmed by pharyngeal real-time RT-PCR for SARS-CoV-2, were randomized at a 2:1 ratio and stratified by mild or moderate illness. HCQ (400 mg twice for 1 d or HCQ 200 mg twice daily for 6 days) was administered. Both the study and control group received standard of care (SOC). Pharyngeal swabs and sputum were collected every other day. The proportion and time to negative viral PCR were assessed on day 14. In the retrospective study, medical records were reviewed for patients admitted before March 31, 2020. Results There were 33 and 37 cases in the RCT and retrospective study, respectively. In the RCT, the median times to negative rRT-PCR from randomization to hospital day 14 were 5 days (95% CI; 1, 9 days) and 10 days (95% CI; 2, 12 days) for the HCQ and SOC groups, respectively (p = 0.40). On day 14, 81.0% (17/21) and 75.0% (9/12) of the subjects in the HCQ and SOC groups, respectively, had undetected virus (p = 0.36). In the retrospective study, 12 (42.9%) in the HCQ group and 5 (55.6%) in the control group had negative rRT-PCR results on hospital day 14 (p = 0.70). Conclusions Neither study demonstrated that HCQ shortened viral shedding in mild to moderate COVID-19 subjects.
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- 2020
39. The association of molecular typing, vancomycin MIC, and clinical outcome for patients with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections
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Meei-Fang Liu, Shih-Pin Lin, Cheng-Pin Chen, Zhi-Yuan Shi, and Chin-Fu Lin
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Adult ,DNA, Bacterial ,Male ,Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus ,0301 basic medicine ,Microbiology (medical) ,sequence type ,Staphylococcus aureus ,Genotype ,030106 microbiology ,Taiwan ,lcsh:QR1-502 ,Microbial Sensitivity Tests ,medicine.disease_cause ,lcsh:Microbiology ,Microbiology ,03 medical and health sciences ,Minimum inhibitory concentration ,Molecular typing ,Vancomycin ,Immunology and Microbiology(all) ,medicine ,Humans ,Immunology and Allergy ,Typing ,Aged ,Aged, 80 and over ,General Immunology and Microbiology ,business.industry ,Significant difference ,General Medicine ,Middle Aged ,Staphylococcal Infections ,biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition ,Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ,clinical outcomes ,Treatment Outcome ,Infectious Diseases ,Female ,business ,Multilocus Sequence Typing ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Background/Purpose There are reports of an increase in vancomycin minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) over time, a phenomenon referred to as "MIC creep", but some studies have conflicting results. The aim of this study is to evaluate the association of molecular typing, vancomycin MIC, and clinical outcome for patients with MRSA infections. Methods Thirty-two MRSA isolates from Taichung Veterans General Hospital (TCVGH), Taichung, Taiwan during the period of 2003 to 2008 were analyzed for the association of sequence typing, vancomycin MIC, and the correlated clinical outcome for patients with MRSA infections. The vancomycin MICs of 28 additional isolates from 2014 were used for the detection of MIC creep. Results Among the genotypes of 32 isolates, there were 17 (53.1%) isolates with ST239-SCC mec III, seven (21.9%) isolates with ST5-SCC mec II, six (18.8%) isolates with ST59-SCC mec IV, and two (6.2%) isolates with ST59-SCC mec V T . Two isolates had an MIC of 2 μg/mL and were identified as ST239-SCC mec III. No statistically significant change in the distribution of MICs of all isolates was observed between 2003 and 2014 ( p = 0.263). There was no significant difference in the mortality rates between two groups of patients with vancomycin MICs p = > 0.99). Conclusion There was no vancomycin MIC creep in the period from 2003 to 2014 in this study. Appropriate prognostic models for assessment of the association among sequence types, vancomycin MICs, and clinical outcome warrant further investigation.
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- 2017
40. Analytical validation of an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry method for urinary iodine concentration measurements in Taiwan
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Chun-Jui Huang, Lin-Hsuan Lee, Cheng-Pin Cheng, Harn-Shen Chen, Chii-Min Hwu, Kam-Tsun Tang, Chiao-Wei Shih, Chang-Ching Yeh, Fan-Fen Wang, and Chen-Chang Yang
- Subjects
Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry ,Iodine ,Taiwan ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
Background: Urinary iodine concentration (UIC) measured by Sandell-Kolthoff spectrophotometric method has been used in the Nutrition and Health Surveys in Taiwan but this method is time consuming and produces toxic waste from arsenic trioxide. The aim of this study was to develop and validate an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) system to determine UIC in Taiwan. Methods: Samples and iodine calibrators were diluted 100-fold into an aqueous solution containing Triton X-100, 0.5% ammonia solution, and tellurium (128Te) as an internal standard. Digestion prior to analysis was not necessary. Precision, accuracy, serial dilution, and recovery tests were performed. A total of 1243 urine samples covering a wide range of iodine concentrations were measured by both Sandell-Kolthoff method and ICP-MS. Passing-Bablok regression and Bland–Altman plots were used to compare values across methods. Results: The limit for detection and quantification by ICP-MS was 0.95 μg/L and 2.85 μg/L, respectively. The intra-assay and inter-assay coefficients were
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- 2023
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41. Evaluation of cost-effectiveness of peginterferon plus ribavirin for chronic hepatitis C treatment and direct-acting antiviral agents among HIV-infected patients in the prison and community settings
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Ching-Hsiang Chen, Chien-Yu Cheng, Cheng-Pin Chen, Ming-Jong Bair, Huachun Zou, Cheng-Kuo Chen, Chun-Han Cheng, and Shu-Hsing Cheng
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0301 basic medicine ,Microbiology (medical) ,Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Genotype ,Cost effectiveness ,Cost-Benefit Analysis ,030106 microbiology ,Population ,lcsh:QR1-502 ,Taiwan ,HIV Infections ,Antiviral Agents ,lcsh:Microbiology ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,Internal medicine ,Ribavirin ,medicine ,Immunology and Allergy ,Humans ,030212 general & internal medicine ,education ,Retrospective Studies ,Hepatitis ,education.field_of_study ,General Immunology and Microbiology ,business.industry ,Coinfection ,virus diseases ,General Medicine ,Hepatitis C ,Odds ratio ,Health Care Costs ,Hepatitis C, Chronic ,Middle Aged ,Viral Load ,medicine.disease ,Confidence interval ,Infectious Diseases ,chemistry ,Prisons ,Observational study ,Drug Therapy, Combination ,Female ,business - Abstract
Background: In Taiwan, the majority of chronic hepatitis C carriers with HIV co-infection are intravenous drug users and inmates in correctional facilities. Peginterferon and ribavirin (PegIFN/RBV) have been the standard-of-care for chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection more than decades. We evaluated the estimated cost-effectiveness of PegIFN/RBV from the National Health Insurance Research Database, covering the population of Taiwan from 1998 to 2013. Materials and methods: This is an observational study, and study during was 2010–2016 and a total of 239 patients were treated with PegIFN/RBV. Of them, 156 patients were treated in the correctional facilities of Taipei, Taoyuan, Taichung and Taitung prisons, and 83 patients were treated in communities. The cost-effectiveness was analyzed in regimens of PegIFN/RBV and direct-acting antiviral agents. Results: By multivariate analysis, the patients completed PegIFN/RBV in prison (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 4.56, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.58–13.12, p = 0.005), HCV RNA level
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- 2018
42. High efficiency blue phosphorescent organic light-emitting diode using tetraphenylsilane core molecule as host material
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Cyong-Huei Huang, Cheng-Pin Chen, Chi-Feng Lin, Jiun-Haw Lee, Tien-Lung Chiu, and Man-kit Leung
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Materials science ,business.industry ,Doping ,chemistry.chemical_element ,02 engineering and technology ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Photochemistry ,01 natural sciences ,0104 chemical sciences ,Indium tin oxide ,law.invention ,chemistry ,law ,OLED ,Optoelectronics ,Phosphorescent organic light-emitting diode ,Quantum efficiency ,Iridium ,0210 nano-technology ,business ,Phosphorescence ,Diode - Abstract
We reported a blue phosphorescent organic light-emitting diode (OLED) with the highest current efficiency of 55.2 cd/A, power efficiency of 50.5 lm/W and external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 24.8%, by using a tetraphenylsilane host in the emitting layer doped with blue emitter, bis[2-(4,6-difluorophenyl)pyridinato-C2,N](picolinato)iridium(in) (FIrpic).
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- 2016
43. Fabrication and Characterizations of Nanorod Light Emitting Diode Arrays Using Nanosphere Lithography
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Cheng-Pin Chen, Hung-Hsien Chen, Liang-Yi Chen, Min-Yung Ke, Min-Yan Hsieh, Yun-Wei Cheng, Jian-Jang Huang, Hung-Li Chiang, and Cheng-Yin Wang
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Fabrication ,Materials science ,business.industry ,law ,Optoelectronics ,Nanosphere lithography ,Nanorod ,business ,Light-emitting diode ,law.invention - Abstract
In this paper, by sping-coating a mono layer of nanospheres (nanoparticles) on top of the sample, the technology of nanosphere lithography is developed and applied to GaN based LED epi-structures. By etching the p-type GaN further through the active region, p-i-n nanorods are exposed all over the mesa area. By inserting a spacer layer in between rods, nanrod LED arrays can be realized without shorting the p-type contact to n-GaN. The electrical and optical properties of the InGaN/GaN-based nano-devices are investigated at room temperatures.
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- 2009
44. Application of Nanosphere Lithography to LED Surface Texturing and to the Fabrication of Nanorod LED Arrays
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Cheng-Pin Chen, Min-Yung Ke, Hung-Li Chiang, Cheng-Yin Wang, Jian-Jang Huang, Hung-Hsien Chen, Liang-Yi Chen, Yun-Wei Cheng, and Min-Yann Hsieh
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Materials science ,business.industry ,Nanophotonics ,Surface finish ,Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics ,law.invention ,Optics ,law ,Surface roughness ,Optoelectronics ,Nanosphere lithography ,Quantum efficiency ,Nanorod ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,business ,Lithography ,Light-emitting diode - Abstract
In this study, the process of nanosphere lithography was developed and applied to LED surface texturing and nanorod device fabrication. We observed a texture-size-dependent improvement of total light output. While the increase of output optical power from the textured LEDs can be attributed to surface roughening in the GaN-air surface and to the increase of internal quantum efficiency as the strain is relaxed with the surface texturing, the size-dependent device performance is related to the interaction of generated photons with the textured surface. We further etched through the p-GaN and quantum well region to form p-i-n nanorods on the sample. By inserting a spacer to prevent p-type contact from shorting the n-GaN, we successfully demonstrated nanorod LED arrays. For such a device, a narrower radiation profile was demonstrated from the nanorod LED array as compared with that from the planar LED. The result is associated with the vertical guiding effect along the nanorod cylinder and the Bragg scattering of photons extracted from the sidewall by the rest of the rods. Furthermore, the electroluminescence spectra showed a nearly constant peak wavelength of the nanorod LED arrays, which is due to the suppression of the effect of quantum confined Stark effect.
- Published
- 2009
45. Effect of selective ion-implanted p-GaN on the junction temperature of GaN-based light emitting diodes
- Author
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Hung-Hsien Chen, Min-Yung Ke, Cheng-Pin Chen, Yun-Wei Cheng, and Jian-Jang Huang
- Subjects
Materials science ,business.industry ,Binary compound ,Linearity ,Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials ,Ion ,law.invention ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Ion implantation ,Optics ,chemistry ,law ,Optoelectronics ,Junction temperature ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry ,business ,Luminescence ,Layer (electronics) ,Light-emitting diode - Abstract
A low-junction-temperature light emitting diode (LED) by selectively ion-implantation in part of the p-type GaN layer is demonstrated. The junction temperature extracted from a forward voltage method of an ion-implanted LED is significantly lower than that of a conventional LED. Furthermore, the linearity of the luminescence–current curve of the device is improved without altering electrical properties.
- Published
- 2009
46. Measurements of elemental iodine in soy sauces in Taiwan using a modified microplate method
- Author
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Chun-Jui Huang, Lin-Hsuan Lee, Cheng-Pin Cheng, Shan-Fan Yao, Harn-Shen Chen, Chii-Min Hwu, Kam-Tsun Tang, Fan-Fen Wang, Chiao-Wei Shih, Chen-Chang Yang, and Wen-Sheng Huang
- Subjects
iodine ,low iodine diet ,soybean ,soy sauce ,Taiwan ,Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology ,RC648-665 - Abstract
BackgroundSoy sauce is widely used in a variety of Asian dishes to enhance flavor. Soybean and most soybean products, including soy sauces, are listed as prohibited foods in a low iodine diet. However, the iodine content in soy sauces is largely unknown. The aim of this study was to determine the iodine content in domestic soy sauces in Taiwan.MethodsTwenty-five different kinds of soy sauces were diluted with distilled water and with a dilution factor of fifty or above. Iodine concentrations of the diluted samples were measured colourimetrically based on the Sandell-Kolthoff reaction by a modified microplate method. All the measurements were repeated twelve times on three different days for determination of mean and standard deviation (SD), and coefficients of variance (CV). Serial dilution and recovery tests were also performed for validation. The results were confirmed by an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) method.ResultsAmong the twenty-five surveyed soy sauces, most of them (n=22) were iodine-free (
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Preliminary Analysis of Characteristics of Lightning in Nagqu Area of Qinghai-Xizang Plateau
- Author
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Yang Zhao, Hong‐Fa Zhang, Tong Zhang, Wansheng Dong, Yi‐Jun Zhang, and Cheng‐Pin Chen
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geography ,Plateau ,geography.geographical_feature_category ,Meteorology ,Middle latitudes ,Thunderstorm ,Environmental science ,General Medicine ,Atmospheric sciences ,Lightning ,Preliminary analysis - Abstract
The data of electric field and electric field changes produced by lightning on the ground in Nagqu area of Qinghai-Xizang plateau in the summer of 2002 were analyzed. The results showed that the charge structure in thunderstorms was varied and complex. Few cloud-to-ground (CG) lightning flashes occurred in the thunderstorm. A long time discharge process in cloud occurred just before step leader of positive and negative CG lightning. Most of CG lightning discharges only involved one return stroke. The proportion of positive CG lightning discharges was 33%, which was obviously higher than that in lower and middle latitude area, and negative 67% in thunderstorms. A continuing current process with short lasting time occurred just after the return-stroke.
- Published
- 2004
48. Nontyphoidal Salmonella Urinary Tract Infection in a Case of Hyperparathyroidism and Nephrocalcinosis
- Author
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SR Huang, Po-Yu Liu, ZY Shi, Ca Tsai, SP Lin, Cheng-Pin Chen, YH Lin, CH Chen, and WM Chen
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Hyperparathyroidism ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Salmonella ,endocrine system diseases ,business.industry ,Urinary system ,High mortality ,Urology ,Case Report ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease ,medicine.disease_cause ,Gastroenterology ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Urine specimen ,In patient ,Nephrocalcinosis ,business ,Primary hyperparathyroidism - Abstract
Nontyphoidal Salmonella infections often present with self-limited gastroenteritis. Extraintestinal focal infections are uncommon but have high mortality and morbidity. Urinary tract infection caused by nontyphoidal Salmonella is usually associated with structural abnormalities of the urinary tract. Nephrocalcinosis and nephrolithiasis are the major risk factors. Although primary hyperparathyroidism has been reported to increase the risk of nephrocalcinosis and nephrolithiasis, little is known about the association between hyperparathyroidism and Salmonella urinary tract infection. We report the case of a 37-year old man who had a history of primary hyperparathyroidism and bilateral nephrocalcinosis and who developed urinary tract infection. Salmonella Group D was isolated from his urine specimen. Salmonella should be considered as a possible causality organism in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism and nephrocalcinosis who develop urinary tract infection. These patients need to be aware of the potential risks associated with salmonellosis.
- Published
- 2014
49. Investigation of Carrier Transient Response of Nanopatterned n-ZnO/a-Si(i)/p$^{+}$-Si Photodiodes
- Author
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Shao-Sun Hsu, Min-Yung Ke, Pei-Hsuan Lin, Liang-Yi Chen, Hao-Chung Kuo, Yen-Jen Hung, Yun-Wei Cheng, Cheng-Pin Chen, Ching-Hua Chiu, and Jian-Jang Huang
- Subjects
Amorphous silicon ,Materials science ,Silicon ,business.industry ,Photoconductivity ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials ,Photodiode ,law.invention ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Semiconductor ,chemistry ,law ,Rise time ,Optoelectronics ,Transient response ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,business ,Diode - Abstract
We investigated the carrier transient response of the nanopatterned silicon heterojunction photodiodes using ZnO as the n-type semiconductor. The results show that under the constant light illumination intensity, the planar structure has faster carrier response than the nanopatterned amorphous silicon (intrinsic) (a-Si(i)) diodes. It is attributed to a higher number of generated carriers in the nanostructure (due to the lower surface reflectivity) that increases the probability of collisions. On the other hand, the shortest response time of the device with nanopatterned p+-Si suggests that carriers can be effectively transported vertically and horizontally through the p-i(intrinsic)-n structure. Furthermore, the wavelength-dependent rise time is correlated to the different transport distance between electrons and holes at different excited wavelengths.
- Published
- 2010
50. Polarization-Dependent Sidewall Light Diffraction of LEDs Surrounded by Nanorod Arrays
- Author
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Kun-Mao Pan, Yuh-Renn Wu, Cheng-Pin Chen, Liang-Yi Chen, Jian-Jang Huang, Ying-Yuan Huang, Yun-Wei Cheng, and Min-Yung Ke
- Subjects
Diffraction ,Materials science ,business.industry ,Wide-bandgap semiconductor ,Nanophotonics ,Bragg's law ,Optical polarization ,Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials ,law.invention ,Optics ,law ,Optoelectronics ,Nanosphere lithography ,Nanorod ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,business ,Light-emitting diode - Abstract
The polarization behavior of the light-emitting diodes (LEDs) with nanorods surrounding the p-mesa is investigated. The nanorods were fabricated using a natural nanosphere lithography and are intended to diffract laterally propagated light. In the horizontal direction, s-polarized light is dominated since the injected carriers choose to fill up the lowest energy state in a direction parallel to the quantum-well layers. The p/s-polarized ratio starts to increase with the increase of radiated angles and eventually saturates. Since the Bragg diffraction of laterally propagated p-polarized mode by nanorods is more efficient than the s-polarized light, the p/s-ratio of the device with nanorods is higher than that without rods. The p/s-ratio of the LED with nanorods is 1.96 at 90deg, and is 1.52 when the integrating intensity between 0deg and 90deg is considered.
- Published
- 2009
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