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Based on the independently developed 5 T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) system and research needs of 13C metabolic MRI, a gradient coil and 1H/13C dual resonance radiofrequency (RF) coil system for small-bore MRI were designed. The gradient coil was designed by using the finite-difference stream function method, and the RF coil was designed as a saddle coil combined with a surface coil in a dual-resonance scheme. Numerical simulation analysis of the magnetic field distribution was carried out by using the finite-element method, and a set of gradient and RF coils for small-bore 5 T 13C MRI was successfully developed. The feasibility of the design scheme was verified using a home-made 5 T MRI system, and the magnetic resonance images of 13C-labeled urea phantom and 1H magnetic resonance images of mice head were acquired by experimental tests, which lays a foundation for 13C metabolic MRI based on dynamic nuclear polarization in the future.

The application of nanotechnologies in alkali-activated materials can significantly improve their performance. In this study, the effects of nano-TiO₂ on the hydration process, hydration products, and microstructure of alkali-activated steel slag - slag materials were analysed using techniques such as hydration heat analysis, infrared spectroscopy and SEM. The results show that the addition of nano-TiO₂ significantly enhances the mechanical properties of alkali-activated steel slag - slag materials at different curing ages. The improvement in the early-stage strength can be mainly attributed to the pronounced nucleation-inducing effect of nano-TiO₂, which accelerates the hydration reaction. The enhancement in the later-stage strength is attributed to the filling effect of nano-TiO₂, as well as the induction of the formation of more gel products, optimising the pore structure and increasing the compactness of the matrix.

Delayed or failed bone healing is a significant clinical challenge worldwide. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) offer a promising approach for improving fracture healing. Isomangiferin, a xanthone C-glucoside, is known for its pharmacological activities, but its role in fracture healing remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the effects of isomangiferin on BMSCs under oxidative stress conditions induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Our results showed that isomangiferin promotes osteogenic differentiation and migration of H2O2-treated BMSCs, reduces apoptosis and reactive oxygen species production, and activates the AMP-activated protein kinase/acetyl-CoA carboxylase (AMPK/ACC) pathway. These findings suggest that isomangiferin may be a potential therapeutic agent for enhancing bone healing by modulating BMSC function.

ABSTRACT African swine fever virus (ASFV) is a highly contagious and often fatal pathogen that poses a significant threat to the swine industry worldwide. The H171R protein, a structural component of ASFV, plays crucial roles in viral assembly, host cell entry, and modulation of the host immune response. This study aimed to comprehensively characterize the linear B-cell epitopes on the H171R protein to facilitate the development of diagnostic tools and subunit vaccines against ASFV. A combined approach involving bioinformatics analysis and experimental techniques was employed. The recombinant H171R protein was expressed and purified, and specific monoclonal antibodies were generated through immunization and hybridoma technology. Systematic epitope mapping using overlapping peptide fragments and alanine-scanning mutagenesis revealed four minimal linear epitopes: 84HPLLPYQQSSDEQP97, 93SDEQPMMPYQQPPG106, 111PYEQIYHKKHASQQ124, and 129LNDYYQHILALGDED143. The identified epitopes exhibited strong immunogenicity, as demonstrated by their reactivity with ASFV-positive swine sera. Critical amino acid residues within each epitope were identified through mutational analysis. Structural modeling and visualization of the H171R protein provided insights into the spatial distribution and accessibility of the epitope regions. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the H171R protein’s antigenic properties and lay the foundation for developing effective diagnostic assays and subunit vaccines against African swine fever.IMPORTANCEAfrican swine fever virus (ASFV) poses a severe threat to the global swine industry. This study characterizes linear B-cell epitopes on the crucial ASFV H171R protein, facilitating the development of improved diagnostics and subunit vaccines. Four immunogenic epitopes were identified, offering valuable information for designing sensitive diagnostic assays and potential subunit vaccine candidates. By advancing the understanding of H171R’s antigenic landscape, this research contributes to controlling ASFV’s devastating impacts, safeguarding the swine industry, and ensuring food security.

Lower early strength has been one of the bottlenecks of low-carbon supersulfated cement (SSC), consisting of slag (∼85 wt.%), gypsum (∼10 wt.%), and a small amount of an alkali activator (Portland cement (PC), ∼5 wt.%). The work aims at improving the early strength of SSC with the addition of calcium formate (CF). Different dosages (1 wt.%, 2 wt.%, 3 wt.%) of CF were added to the SSC. Then, compressive strength, heat flow, hydration product assemblage, and hydration degree of slag were obtained to reveal the role of CF. The results show that CF would significantly increase the compressive strength of the SSC, and the higher the dosage of CF, the more pronounced the effect is. 3 wt.% of CF would increase the 3-day and 28-day compressive strength of the SSC by 126% and 172%, respectively. CF would accelerate the hydration of slag, increase the hydration degree of slag and production of C-(A)-S-H gels; however, it would inhibit the rapid production of AFt during the first 3 days, and have little influence on the final production of AFt. In addition, the lower the crystal-gel ratio (the ratio between AFt and C-(A)-S-H gel by mass) is, the higher the compressive strength. The enhancement effect of CF was attributed to a more appropriate hydration environment (higher Ca2+ concentration and lower pH value), which could promote the precipitation of C-(A)-S-H gels, inhibit the rapid formation of Aft, and reduce the crystal-gel ratio of the system.

The high alkali content in red mud is one of the main issues faced in preparing the cement clinker. In this paper, a calcium ferroaluminate (CFA) cement clinker with and without CaSO₄(C$) was prepared using over 24.2 wt.% of red mud, The effects of C$ on the formation of the CSA clinker minerals at different calcination temperatures and the mechanical properties of the cement clinker were investigated. The results indicate that Na₂O from the red mud obviously reduced the content of the dominant phase C₄A₃$ in the CFA clinker. In contrast, the C₄A₃$ content in the clinker specimens increases with the increasing C$ content in the raw mixture. The optimal calcination temperature for the CFA cement clinker with C$ is 1175 °C, whose compressive strength reaches 40.0 MPa and 57.9 MPa at 1 d and 28 d, respectively. In addition, Na₂O firstly reacts with sulfate to form Na₂SO₄, and secondly incorporates the C₄A₃$ phase to form a solid solution in the CFA clinkers. The finding is important to improve the application of red mud in the preparation of cement clinkers.

IntroductionGeranylgeranyltransferase Subunit Beta (RABGGTB) was expressed at higher levels in patients with Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) compared with healthy controls. This study aims to observe the expression of RABGGTB in different cells from patients with ALS and different diseases.MethodsIn this case–control study, we collected peripheral blood from patients with ALS and healthy controls, and compared the expression of RABGGTB in natural killer cells (NK), T cells and B cells between patients with ALS and healthy controls by flow cytometry. And compared the expression of RABGGTB in monocytes and monocyte-derived macrophages from patients with ALS, Parkinson’s disease (PD), acute cerebrovascular disease (ACVD), and healthy controls by flow cytometry and immunofluorescence. Then flow cytometry was used to detect the expression of RABGGTB in monocytes from SOD1G93A mice and WT mice.ResultsThe expression of RABGGTB was not significantly changed in NK cells, cytotoxic T cells (CTL), helper T cells (Th), regulatory T cells (Treg), and B cells from patients with ALS compared to healthy controls. And the expression of RABGGTB in monocytes and monocyte-derived macrophages was higher in the ALS group than in the PD, ACVD and control group. The expression of RABGGTB was significantly higher in monocytes of SOD1G93A mice compared to WT mice.ConclusionThese findings suggest that RABGGTB expression was increased in monocytes and monocyte-derived macrophages from patients with ALS, not in NK, CTL, Th, Treg, and B cells. Future studies are needed to find the clinical implication of RABGGTB in ALS.

Gliomas are the most common primary intracranial tumors in adults, among which high-grade glioma patients are characterized by short survival and poor prognosis. The diagnosis, treatment, evaluation of effective treatments, and prognosis prediction of high-grade gliomas are of great significance for improving patient survival. Conventional enhanced magnetic resonance imaging has deficiencies in delineating tumor extent, identifying tumor progression and treatment-related changes. Therefore, there is a broad consensus to incorporate amino acid PET, and 18F-FET PET inparticular, into the diagnostic and therapeutic process of high-grade gliomas. In this article, we review the new research progress of 18F-FET PET in the diagnosis and treatment of adult high-grade glioma in recent years.

The impact of ultrafine composite minerals (USCMs) on the long-term characteristics of cement-based materials was explored, revealing that USCMs significantly enhance the long-term mechanical strength of these materials and effectively mitigate mortar shrinkage. The findings demonstrated that the shrinkage could be reduced to as low as 0.11% by 90 d, representing a 95.1% decrease compared to the control group. The influence of USCMs on the hydration kinetics of cement was examined using quantitative X-ray diffraction (QXRD), thermogravimetric-differential thermogravimetry (TG-DTG), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses. The results, in conjunction with the QXRD and TG-DTG analyses, suggest that USCMs intensify the hydration of the C₂S and C₃S phases. Moreover, the pozzolanic reaction of the USCMs increases the concentration of the hydrated calcium silicate gel within the cement matrix during the later stages of hydration, altering the morphology of the hydration products. This not only improves the volume stability of the mortars, but also results in a denser structure for cement-based materials.

High temperature (HT) in-situ XRD method was adopted to investigate the calcium sulfoaluminate cement (CSA) or C4A3$ crystal architecture as well as its phases when passing through the temperature range of 20° to 70 °C. We examined the particle size analysis of the CSA ground powder when heated to different temperature (e.g., 35, 50, and 70 °C) in correlation with the HT X-ray diffraction (HT XRD) pattern as well with the compressive strength. The particle size of the lattice parameters increased during heating. The architecture transformation phase of the CSA took place at 50 °C. The transformation of the crystal cubic structure phase of the C4A3$ when passing from orthogonal to cubic space group was unstable with more heating (70 °C) and was adjustable. The C4A3$ compound's orthogonal and cubic crystal structures were clearly identified. The crystal structures were found to be responsible for the dehydration that occurred as the temperature rose and also for the decrease in compressive strength. The obtained final products of the C4A3$ were in cubic and orthogonal forms. The exothermic form of the C4A3$ was mostly observed at 20 °C and at 35 °C. The AFt and AFm crystal structure framework was constituted of AlO6 (in octahedral form) and AlO4 (in tetrahedral form).

Hidden disaster causing factor is the key issue that restricts the construction of intelligent coal mining. The 3D geological modeling is the main technical means to achieve transparency of hidden disaster causing factors. At present, the 3D geological modeling technology of coal mines mainly relies on geometric modeling and attribute modeling as a supplement, lacking disaster attribute modeling for hidden disaster causing factors. In order to solve the above problems, taking a coal mine in northern Shaanxi as the research object, the 3D geological modeling is conducted on hidden disaster causing factors such as coal seam thickness, roof and floor structural undulations, waterlogged areas, and shallow coal seam topography. Firstly, the digitization of geological data, geophysical exploration, drilling and other achievements are completed. The coal mine geological database is established. Secondly, the DepthInsight modeling software is used to carry out modeling work from two scales: the entire mine and the working face. The drilling layer data is used as the stratigraphic control point, and the stratigraphic sequence is jointly controlled through coal seam and surface contour lines, virtual drilling, and other data. The layer crossing anomalies in the initial layer model is processed. The ground level model and geological body model are constructed. The digital elevation model is used to construct the surface model of the working face. Thirdly, rock mass modeling is used to construct models of goaf and waterlogging areas, and temperature, gas and other information are annotated. The actual mining measurement data of the working face is used to construct a mining measurement model. Finally, the truncated grid model is created. The permeability and water-rich coefficient model of the aquifer is generated through sequential Gaussian simulation to achieve transparent display of hidden hydrological disaster causing factors in the area. Based on a 3D geological model, the distribution and impact of hidden disaster causing factors are analyzed from multiple perspectives such as strata, coal seams and working faces, goaf and its waterlogged areas, and hydrological attributes. The research results can provide a target area for the precise management of hidden disaster causing factors in coal mines, and assist in the construction of intelligent mining in coal mines.

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease with unknown causes, which mainly affects motor neurons in the anterior horn of the spinal cord, brain stem, and cerebral cortex, also known as motor neuron disease. An important pathological feature of ALS is the formation of aggregates of mutant SOD1 protein, CTF25 of TDP-43, or other abnormal proteins in motor neurons, which require autophagy for degradation. Protein prenylation is known to participate in membrane association and proper localization of proteins. RABGGTB is the β subunit of GGTase II (one of the prenyltransferases) that can regulate autophagy via Rab7 geranylgeranylation. In this study, we overexpressed RABGGTB via lentiviral transfection in NSC34-hSOD1G93A and TDP-43 cells. Overexpression of RABGGTB improved ALS cell proliferation by facilitating autophagosome–lysosome fusion. Furthermore, the abnormal aggregation of SOD1 protein was reduced. This indicates that protein prenylation is important for the proliferation and autophagy of cells autophagy. Enhanced autophagy has been observed in two of the most widely used ALS cell models. These findings indicate the widespread applicability of prenylation in ALS. In summary, overexpression of RABGGTB improved the geranylgeranylation of the Rab7 protein and had a positive effect on cells. These findings provide insights into the development of a novel therapeutic strategy for ALS.

A high belite sulfoaluminate cement clinker containing a magnesia-alumina spinel was prepared using industrial solid waste and high-magnesium limestone. The preparation procedure and the influence of the trace elements on the clinker were specifically investigated. This study reveals the mechanism of the clinker formation. The appropriate firing temperature of the clinker and holding time were determined to be 1300 °C and 60 min - 90 min, respectively. The presence of MgO and SO₃ displayed a positive effect on the clinker formation at high temperatures. In addition, the excessive MgO in the raw material was solidified to create the stable inertia mineral MgAl₂O₄, which eliminated the delaying expansion hazard of MgO.

This study dealt with the use of gold tailings, red mud, bauxite, desulfurised gypsum and high magnesium limestone as the raw materials in the production of a belite sulfoaluminate cement clinker containing MgAl₂O₄. The hydration and early mechanical properties of this cement were characterised by isothermal calorimetry, a mechanical test, X-ray diffraction and a thermal analysis. The results showed that the optimal calcination temperature to obtain a satisfactory clinker strength was 1350 °C and the corresponding 1, 3 and 7-day strengths were 27.7, 45.8 and 54.3 MPa, respectively. The initial and final setting times of the cements range between 20 and 31 minutes. The cements had the characteristics of rapid hardening and the main hydration products were AFt, AFm and AH₃. The total hydration heat release of this cement within the first 50 hours was only 158J/g, which could effectively avoid the generation of internal cracks in the cement and has the potential to be applied to large concrete projects. Furthermore, the MgAl₂O₄ mineral phase was inert in the belite sulfoaluminate cement and did not participate in the hydration reaction, which eliminates the disadvantage of MgO in the cement systems and potentially increases the use of high magnesium limestone in cement production.

In order to fully achieve energy saving goals, it is necessary to establish a comprehensive evaluation system for carbon reduction in transmission and transformation projects. Subsequently, weights were assigned to these indicators using a combination of the fuzzy analytical hierarchy process (FAHP) and the entropy weight method (EWM) through both subjective and objective methods. Finally, the ultimate weights were obtained by applying the principle of minimum information. During the construction of the evaluation model, the rank–sum ratio (RSR) method was introduced into the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) for approximating ideal solution ranking. And the Euclidean distance in TOPSIS was replaced with standardized Euclidean distance, effectively avoiding evaluation discrepancies caused by different dimensions. The modified TOPSIS-RSR method was utilized to evaluate and rank power transmission and transformation projects in four regions. By comparing the test values of the two models, the superiority of the enhanced model was confirmed. Furthermore, the GM (1,1) model is used to predict the electricity sales volume of the optimal ranking area. This evaluation model can also be applied to the benefit evaluation of carbon reduction benefits in power transmission and transformation projects in other regions.

Codon usage bias (CUB) refers to different codons exhibiting varying frequencies of usage in the genome. Studying CUB is crucial for understanding genome structure, function, and evolutionary processes. Herein, we investigated the codon usage patterns and influencing factors of protein-coding genes in the chloroplast genomes of four sister genera (monophyletic Roscoea and Cautleya, and monophyletic Pommereschea and Rhynchanthus) from the Zingiberaceae family with contrasting habitats in southwestern China. These genera exhibit distinct habitats, providing a unique opportunity to explore the adaptive evolution of codon usage. We conducted a comprehensive analysis of nucleotide composition and codon usage on protein-coding genes in the chloroplast genomes. The study focused on understanding the relationship between codon usage and environmental adaptation, with a particular emphasis on genes associated with photosynthesis. Nucleotide composition analysis revealed that the overall G/C content of the coding genes was ˂ 48%, indicating an enrichment of A/T bases. Additionally, synonymous and optimal codons were biased toward ending with A/U bases. Natural selection is the primary factor influencing CUB characteristics, particularly photosynthesis-associated genes. We observed differential gene expressions related to light adaptation among sister genera inhabiting different environments. Certain codons were favored under specific conditions, possibly contributing to gene expression regulation in particular environments. This study provides insights into the adaptive evolution of these sister genera by analyzing CUB and offers theoretical assistance for understanding gene expression and regulation. In addition, the data support the relationship between RNA editing and CUB, and the findings shed light on potential research directions for investigating adaptive evolution.

Objective To establish a model of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) infection in mice with open fractures after the femur with intramedullary nailing and to explore the immunoprotective effects of recombinant PcrV-OprI. Methods PcrV-OprI protein was expressed in E. coli, and then the target protein was purified by affinity chromatography and hydrophobic interaction chromatography. The C57BL/6J mice were immunized with PcrV-OprI protein on Day 0, 14 and 21. After that, the titers of specific IgGs and their subtypes were determined by ELISA. In 14 d after the final vaccination, open femur fractures and intramedullary nailing were performed in mice, which was followed by a challenge with PAO1 strain. The protection of PcrV-OprI was assessed with bacterial colonization, body weight, histology, and X-ray imaging. Results The levels of specific antibodies were significantly higher in PcrV-OprI-immunized sera than that of the control group (P

The unique patterns of epigenetic modifications appear in mammalian oocyte development. Establishment of these modifications, including DNA methylation and histone modifications, is a complicated but highly ordered process, which is crucial in terms of oocyte maturation and early embryo development in mammals. Therefore, dissecting the mechanisms of epigenetic establishment in oocytes is of great significance to look insight into the principles of reproduction and pathogenesis of related diseases. In this review, we delineate the distribution patterns and dynamic landscapes of DNA methylation as well as histone methylation, acetylation, ubiquitination, phosphorylation and lactylation in mammalian oocyte development represented by mice and humans. Meanwhile, we present a summary and discussion in the matter of the potential relevance among these epigenetic modifications, which are regulated by multiple factors related to biological functions.

Previous experimental studies of sulphoaluminate cement after exposure to high temperatures have mainly concentrated on the resulting reduction of strength. Its behavior when heated continues to attract our attention because a systematic understanding of its heat-induced damage is needed to determine its reusability. The post-heating mechanical properties of sulphoaluminate cement mortar (SACM) made with three different types of fine aggregates after natural air cooling (NAC), water immersion cooling (WIC), and fire extinguisher cooling (FEC) are presented in this paper. Basalt and artificial sand have strong angularity, as indicated by their convexity and Wadell roundness values, which has an impact on improving their strength properties when heated. Convexity and Wadell roundness turn out to be independent, with convexity and circularity in good agreement. In addition, the loss of mechanical properties in river sand mortar was greater when either NAC or FEC was adopted than with WIC. The tests showed that independent of the type of sand, the SACM recovers its strength better when WIC or FEC is used in cooling rather than NAC.

To investigate the economic impact of carbon reduction technology on power transmission and transformation projects, carbon reduction technologies adapted to power transmission and transformation projects were investigated, and the evaluation indicator system for cost-benefit in power transmission and transformation projects was established based on AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) and EWM (Entropy Weight Method). Taking 110 kV and 220 kV transmission and transformation projects in a province located in northwest China as an example, a sensitivity analysis was carried out for the weight of each carbon reduction technology. Additionally, based on the evaluation indicator system, eight alternative carbon reduction schemes were proposed, and the net present value and scheme scores were analyzed with TOPSIS (Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution). The results showed that in the criterion layer of the 110 kV case, the highest proportion of weight is “high-efficiency transformer”, accounting for 34.12%, and in the indicator layer, the highest proportion of weight is “ parasitic losses”, accounting for 12.35%. After conducting error analysis on the 110 kV and 220 kV cases, it was found that the errors were within an acceptable range both in the criterion layer and index layer. Moreover, it is expected to achieve greater economic benefits through lower costs according to Scheme VI, and due to the limitations of carbon reduction technologies and the lack of a relevant policy system, it is difficult to achieve the goal of covering costs with benefits for the eight schemes studied.

The transformer is a fundamental piece of equipment for power grids. The analysis and optimization of their life-cycle costs are of great importance to reinforce the economic efficiency of electrical networks. This paper constructs a comprehensive transformer life-cycle cost (LCC) model by fusing life-cycle cost theory with relevant transformer expenditure. It proceeds to examine the life-cycle cost aspects of the transformer, delving into its cost dynamics under various influencing factors, establishing interconnections between these factors and analyzing the cost relationship. By employing MATLAB software (Matlab 2021a) along with the whale optimization algorithm (WOA) this paper optimizes the objective function. Through this, it establishes the LCC model for 20 power transformers, obtaining the optimal objective function curve and the maximum value for LCC optimization of the transformer. Unlike previous research, this study adds a detailed analysis of several factors that influence LCC. At the same time, it develops a more complete, scientific and rational LCC optimization model. An illustrative example validates the model and the superiority of the whale optimization algorithm. The algorithm not only shows its scientific basis and superiority, but also serves as a guiding mechanism for LCC management in transformer engineering practices. Ultimately, it emerges as a fundamental tool to improve the efficiency of power grid asset management.

Composite materials are frequently exposed to external factors during their operational service, resulting in internal structural damage which subsequently impacts their structural performance. This paper employs ferromagnetic materials for their sensitivity to magnetic field strength. By detecting variations in the magnetic field within the embedded ferromagnetic microwires of composite materials, the aim is to indirectly assess the health status of the composite materials. Firstly, a theoretical numerical model for magnetic field intensity at the crack site was established. Subsequently, a finite element model was employed to analyze the variations in the magnetic characteristics of ferromagnetic microwires at the crack site. Under different parameter conditions, the patterns of magnetic signals at the crack site were determined. The results indicate that with an increase in the angle between the external magnetic field and the crack, the fitted curve of the magnetic signal shows a linear increase. The distance between the peak and valley of the radial magnetic signal in the axial direction decreases, and the axial magnetic signal transitions from double-peak to single-peak. With the increase in crack depth, the fitted curve of the magnetic signal shows a linear increase, and the magnetic signal at the crack tip also exhibits a linear increase. An increase in crack width leads to a non-linear decrease in the fitted curve of the magnetic signal, and after reaching a certain width, the magnetic signal stabilizes. For two identical cracks at different distances, the magnetic signal exhibits a transition from a complete pattern to two complete patterns. With the increase in the external magnetic field, the magnetic signal shows a completely regular linear increase. By analyzing and calculating the variations in magnetic signals, the patterns of magnetic characteristics under the damaged state of ferromagnetic microwires were obtained. This serves as a basis for assessing whether they can continue in service and for evaluating the overall health status of composite materials.

[Introduction] A new construction scheme of 110 kV prefabricated cabin substation is proposed which can quickly respond to the needs of rapid station construction in industrial parks and promote the rapid development of urbanization in China. [Method] A complete set of electrical design method was proposed. Based on the general design experience of substation, the layout scheme of 110 kV substation construction and the selection of electrical equipment were determined according to the characteristics of load nature, load scale and land conditions of industrial park. Form the construction mode of 110 kV substation, including electrical wiring, size and splicing mode of electrical prefabricated cabin. [Result] According to the load size, grade and land conditions of the industrial park, three classical industrial park construction models are simulated which are mode A, mode B and mode C considering reliability and economy. Three corresponding construction schemes are designed, and technical and economic comparisons are analysed. [Conclusion] Three typical electrical construction schemes can guide the design of 110 kV substation in industrial park, and have certain popularization significance.

Background: Currently, there is no effective treatment for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a devastating neurodegenerative disorder. Many biomarkers have been proposed, but because ALS is a clinically heterogeneous disease with an unclear etiology, biomarker discovery for ALS has been challenging due to the lack of specificity of these biomarkers. In recent years, the role of autophagy in the development and treatment of ALS has become a research hotspot. In our previous studies, we found that the expression of RabGGTase (low RABGGTB expression and no change in RABGGTA) is lower in the lumbar and thoracic regions of spinal cord motoneurons in SOD1G93A mice compared with WT (wild-type) mice groups, and upregulation of RABGGTB promoted prenylation modification of Rab7, which promoted autophagy to protect neurons by degrading SOD1. Given that RabGGTase is associated with autophagy and autophagy is associated with inflammation, and based on the above findings, since peripheral blood mononuclear cells are readily available from patients with ALS, we proposed to investigate the expression of RabGGTase in peripheral inflammatory cells. Methods: Information and venous blood were collected from 86 patients diagnosed with ALS between January 2021 and August 2023. Flow cytometry was used to detect the expression of RABGGTB in monocytes from peripheral blood samples collected from patients with ALS and healthy controls. Extracted peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were differentiated in vitro into macrophages, and then the expression of RABGGTB was detected by immunofluorescence. RABGGTB levels in patients with ALS were analyzed to determine their impact on disease progression. Results: Using flow cytometry in monocytes and immunofluorescence in macrophages, we found that RABGGTB expression in the ALS group was significantly higher than in the control group. Age, sex, original location, disease course, C-reactive protein (CRP), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) did not correlate with the ALS functional rating scale—revised (ALSFRS-R), whereas the RABGGTB level was significantly correlated with the ALSFRS-R. In addition, multivariate analysis revealed a significant correlation between RABGGTB and ALSFRS-R score. Further analysis revealed a significant correlation between RABGGTB expression levels and disease progression levels (ΔFS). Conclusions: The RABGGTB level was significantly increased in patients with ALS compared with healthy controls. An elevated RABGGTB level in patients with ALS is associated with the rate of progression in ALS, suggesting that elevated RABGGTB levels in patients with ALS may serve as an indicator for tracking ALS progression.

IntroductionAmyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease that widely affects motor neurons of the CNS. About 20% of patients with ALS have familial ALS (fALS). One of the classic models of ALS are SOD1G93A mice. Misfolded SOD1 protein can be overexpressed in motor neurons, which results in progressive paralysis of the limbs of mice. There is still no effective treatment for ALS. In recent years, the treatment of ALS by regulating autophagy has become a research hotspot. Autophagy obstacles have been confirmed to be one of the early pathological events of ALS. Rab7 is a member of the Ras superfamily and plays a key role in the late stage of autophagy. In our previous studies, we found that prenoylation of Rab7 was inhibited in the ALS model. Prenylation is a post-translational modification in which farnesyl or geranylgeranyl groups are covalently linked to target proteins. Based on these findings, we proposed the novel idea that the regulation of RabGGTB (the β-subunit of RabGGTase) mediated prenylation modification of Rab7, and that this can be used as a prevention and treatment of ALS associated with abnormal protein accumulation.MethodsIn the present study, RabGGTB was overexpressed in mouse spinal cord motoneurons by using adeno-associated virus as vector. Then immunofluorescence quantitative analysis was used for pathological study. The body weight, footprint analysis, the accelerating rotarod test, and neurological deficits score were used to evaluate animal behavior.ResultsOur results show that the protein level of RabGGTB was significantly increased in the lumbar and thoracic regions of spinal cord motoneurons of injected mice. Furthermore, the onset time and survival time of SOD1G93A mice injected with AAV9-RabGGTB-GFP+ were delayed compared with those of mice without overexpression. At the same time, we also observed a decrease in SOD1 misfolded and glial overactivation in the lumbar spinal cord of these SOD1G93A mice.ConclusionThe findings reported here show that RabGGTB plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of SOD1G93A mice and with great therapeutic potential for reducing abnormal aggregation of SOD1 in ALS.

Background: Individualized recurrence risk prediction in patients with stage II/III colorectal cancer (CRC) is crucial for making postoperative treatment decisions. However, there is still a lack of effective approaches for identifying patients with stage II and III CRC at a high risk of recurrence. In this study, we aimed to establish a credible gene model for improving the risk assessment of patients with stage II/III CRC.Methods: Recurrence-free survival (RFS)-related genes were screened using Univariate Cox regression analysis in GSE17538, GSE39582, and GSE161158 cohorts. Common prognostic genes were identified by Venn diagram and subsequently subjected to least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression analysis and multivariate Cox regression analysis for signature construction. Kaplan-Meier (K-M), calibration, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to assess the predictive accuracy and superiority of our risk model. Single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) was employed to investigate the relationship between the infiltrative abundances of immune cells and risk scores. Genes significantly associated with the risk scores were identified to explore the biological implications of the 9-gene signature.Results: Survival analysis identified 347 RFS-related genes. Using these genes, a 9-gene signature was constructed, which was composed of MRPL41, FGD3, RBM38, SPINK1, DKK1, GAL3ST4, INHBB, CTB-113P19.1, and FAM214B. K-M curves verified the survival differences between the low- and high-risk groups classified by the 9-gene signature. The area under the curve (AUC) values of this signature were close to or no less than the previously reported prognostic signatures and clinical factors, suggesting that this model could provide improved RFS prediction. The ssGSEA algorithm estimated that eight immune cells, including regulatory T cells, were aberrantly infiltrated in the high-risk group. Furthermore, the signature was associated with multiple oncogenic pathways, including cell adhesion and angiogenesis.Conclusion: A novel RFS prediction model for patients with stage II/III CRC was constructed using multicohort validation. The proposed signature may help clinicians better manage patients with stage II/III CRC.

Objective To investigate the associations between imaging markers of cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) and global cognition and cognitive domains in the community elderly people. Methods From August 2016 to October 2019, 933 healthy community elderly subjects were enrolled from three districts in Shanghai. We used MRI to assess imaging markers of CSVD, including lacunar infarct (LACI), white matter hyperintensity (WMH), cerebral microbleeds (CMBs), enlarged perivascular space (EPVS) and total CSVD score. These subjects underwent Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) to assess global cognition, Auditory Verbal Learning Test (AVLT) to assess memory function, Trial Making Test (TMT) to assess executive function, Stick Test (ST) to assess visuospatial function, adapted Common Objects Sorting Test (COST) to assess language function. We performed Spearman rank correlation and partial correlation analyses to investigate the association between imaging markers and cognition, and multiple linear regression analysis to validate the relationships. Results A total of 863 subjects underwent head MRI and cognitive assessment. In Spearman rank correlation analysis, LACI (rs=⁃0.076, P=0.025) and periventricular WMH (rs=⁃0.070, P=0.044) was correlated with MoCA. LACI (rs=⁃0.086, P=0.022), basal ganglia EPVS (rs=⁃0.078, P=0.038) and total CSVD score (rs=⁃0.090, P=0.023) were correlated with AVLT. LACI was correlated with TMT (rs=0.099, P=0.004). Periventricular WMH (rs=⁃0.113, P=0.029) and strictly lobar CMB (rs=⁃0.107, P=0.041) were correlated with ST. Centrum semiovale EPVS was correlated with COST (rs=⁃0.150, P=0.004). In partial correlation analysis, LACI was associated with TMT (r=0.072, P=0.038). Deep WMH was associated with ST (r=0.105, P=0.047). Periventricular WMH (r=⁃0.111, P=0.001), CMBs (r=⁃0.088, P=0.015) and total CSVD score (r=⁃0.087, P=0.015) were associated with MoCA. In multiple linear regression analysis, after adjusting sex, age, education, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia and smoking history factors, periventricular WMH (βstandardized=⁃0.088, PFDR=0.020) and CMBs at any position (βstandardized=⁃0.078, PFDR=0.040) were independently correlated with MoCA. Conclusions In the elderly community population in China, CSVD may already have an impact on cognition. Periventricular WMH and CMBs are early imaging markers for CSVD⁃related global cognitive impairment.

A label-free-based fiber optic biosensor based on etched tilted Bragg fiber grating (TFBG) is proposed and practically demonstrated. Conventional phase mask technic has been utilized to inscribe tilted fiber Bragg grating with a tilt angle of 10°, while the etching has been accomplished with hydrofluoric acid. A composite of polyethylenimine (PEI)/poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) has been thermally deposited on the etched TFBG, followed by immobilization of probe DNA (pDNA) on this deposited layer. The hybridization of pDNA with the complementary DNA (cDNA) has been monitored using wavelength-dependent interrogation. The reproducibility of the probes has been demonstrated by fabricating three identical probes and their response has been investigated for cDNA concentration ranging from 0 μM to 3 μM. The maximum sensitivity has been found to be 320 pm/μM, with the detection limit being 0.65 μM. Furthermore, the response of the probes towards non-cDNA has also been investigated in order to establish its specificity.

The application of 3D digital models to high-throughput plant phenotypic analysis is a research hotspot nowadays. Traditional methods, such as manual measurement and laser scanning, have high costs, and multi-view, unsupervised reconstruction methods are still blank in the field of crop research. It is challenging to obtain a high-quality 3D crop surface feature composition for 3D reconstruction. In this paper, we propose a wheat point cloud generation and 3D reconstruction method based on SfM and MVS using sequential wheat crop images. Firstly, the camera intrinsics and camera extrinsics of wheat were estimated using a structure-from-motion system with feature maps, which effectively solved the problem of camera point location design. Secondly, we proposed the ReC-MVSNet, which integrates the heavy parametric structure into the point cloud 3D reconstruction network, overcoming the difficulty of capturing complex features via the traditional MVS model. Through experiments, it was shown that this research method achieves non-invasive reconstruction of the 3D phenotypic structure of realistic objects, the accuracy of the proposed model was improved by nearly 43.3%, and the overall value was improved by nearly 14.3%, which provided a new idea for the development of virtual 3D digitization.

Background: Phosphorylated Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) has been reported to be intimately involved in various malignant tumors. The effect of p-FAK on colorectal cancer (CRC) is still disputable. The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of p-FAK in the prognosis of colorectal cancer.Methods: The clinical significance of p-FAK expression in CRC was evaluated by immunohistochemistry in a large cohort, including carcinoma and para-carcinoma tissues from 908 patients, and normal tissues, adenoma, and metastasis tissues. The correlation between p-FAK expression and CRC occurrence was investigated in tumor and other tissues. Factors contributing to prognosis were evaluated using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and Cox regression model.Results: p-FAK is apparently overexpressed in CRC and metastasis tissues. Compared with low p-FAK expression, patients with high p-FAK expression had shorter overall survival [hazard ratio (HR), 2.200; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.265–3.452; p < 0.01] and disease-free survival (HR, 2.004; 95% CI 1.262–3.382; p < 0.01) in multivariate Cox analysis after adjusting other prognostic factors. High p-FAK expression was also related to a worse chemotherapeutic response in patients who achieved adjuvant chemotherapy (p < 0.01).Conclusion: Expression level of p-FAK is an independent risk factor and can serve as a prognostic biomarker for CRC. High p-FAK expression predicts an unfavorable prognosis of CRC as well as poor chemotherapeutic response.

Manufacturing ceramic foams derived from solid waste can not only alleviate hazards to the environment, but also obtain high value-added products. The self-foaming ceramic foams were prepared by recycling fly ash (FA) and red mud (RM) as raw materials. The pore structure, physical and mechanical properties of the sintered foams subjected to different sintering schedules were investigated. The results showed that the ceramic foams performed a self-foaming procedure in the course of sintering, derived from the combustion of the organic materials and/or the decomposition of the carbonates in the studied FA and RM. The sample sintered at 675 °C for 60 min exhibited promising properties, including a bulk density of 331 kg/m³, a porosity of 83.8 %, a water absorption of 2.91 % and a compressive strength of 1.96 MPa, which has good potential application in the fields of insulation, gardening and lightweight constructions.

Calcium barium sulfoaluminate (abbr. C4-xBxA₃$), one of the special cementitious minerals originated from ye'elimite (abbr.C₄A₃$), has superior hydration and hardening performance. In this paper, a series of C4-xBxA₃$ with different Ba-doping concentrations (x=0, 0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2) were prepared, and the effect of the Ba-doping concentration on the formation was systematically investigated by the Rietveld/XRD quantitative phase analysis. The results show that BaSO₄ is the essential intermediate phase for the formation of the Ba-doped ye'elimite. The solid-state reaction process of C4-xBxA₃$ is separately expressed as two main forms, corresponding to the cases in which the Ba-doping concentration (x) is larger than and less than "1", respectively. The Jander diffusion model shows the optimal fitting for C4-xBxA₃$ and it clearly proves that the C4-xBxA₃$ formation becomes increasingly difficult as the Ba-doping concentration increases. The correlation between the apparent activation energy (Ea) and the Ba-doping concentration is positively well related, which can be expressed as 'Ea) =71.9x+304' (kJ/mol).

The compressive strength, modulus and stress-strain behaviour of rapid-hardening sulfoaluminate cement concrete were evaluated as functions of the temperature increase. The compressive strength decreased from 51.3 to 31.1 MPa (around a 39% reduction) as the temperature increased from 20 ̊C to 300 ̊C while the specimens burst at 400 ˚C before being removed from the furnace. A significant change in the stress-strain behaviour was noticed with an increasing temperature. For the control specimens (20 ̊C), linear elastic behaviour was followed by plastic deformation before reaching the peak stress prior to failure, but for higher temperatures, the modulus of elasticity was up to 85% lower and was characterised by a gradually decreasing slope until failure. The micro-structural changes detected by SEM, DTG/TG and XRD were consistent with this pattern. The degree of cracking at the interfacial transition zone and crack-width growth detected by SEM followed a clear trend with the increasing temperature. The transformation of the primary hydration products (e.g., ettringite and Al(OH)₃) as detected by XRD and DTG/TG provides a useful explanation of the strength reduction with the increasing temperature up to 300 ̊C. The vapour pressure evolvement within the specimens at elevated temperatures correlates well with the reduced strength and modulus of elasticity, with a very intense effect at 400̊C

The use of SAC (sulfoaluminate cement) has been increasing in the constructions of diverse buildings with some close to reactors, which are often exposed to high temperatures in China. This study compares the flexural strength, compressive strength, crack load, mass weight loss, porosity, and flexural stress--strain of the sulfoaluminate cement concrete (SACC) to that of ordinary Portland cement concrete (OPCC) after both are exposed to high temperatures. The results show that the samples of SACC show a rapid decrease in the flexural strength, crack load, and compressive strength after heating, and, thus, cannot be repaired, but should be demolished. Samples made with OPCC can be repaired because the structural integrity remains acceptable after heating. 56% SACC is ˂ half of its initial strength after heating to 200℃, while OPCC remains at ˃ 90% of its compressive strength after heating at 200℃, and retains 80% of its compressive strength when heated to 300℃. SACC initially had a higher flexural strength and consequently a higher crack load; therefore, it performed better than the OPCC in terms of the load carrying capacity of the structure. Also, the OPCC had a constant decrease in the strength, compared to the SACC which did not. However, the OPCC has a better resilience strength rating as the temperatures increase than the SACC one because testing revealed a very rapid decrease in the strength after exposure to 100 °C, 200 °C, and 300 °C. The results agree on the better firm structure uniformity and density of the SACC at an ambient temperature (20 °C) compared to the OPCC. The severe deterioration (micro-crack) inside both concretes, revealed by the longer transmitting time and the small amplitude values of the waves, indicated the effective negative impact which is no longer demonstrated when the extreme temperature has a larger effect on the concrete made with SAC, therefore, the other results highlighted the rapid decrease in the strength of the SACC compared to that of the OPCC.

Background: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play an important regulatory role in carcinogenesis and cancer progression. MiR-95-3p has been reported to be an oncogene in hepatocellular carcinoma. However, the role of miR-95-3p in colorectal carcinoma (CRC) remains unclear. Methods: miR-95-3p was validated in an independent validation sample cohort of 215 CRC tissues. Functional assays, Cell proliferation (MTT) assay colony formation, wound healing, transwell and animal xenograft assays were used to determine the oppressor role of miR-95-3p in human CRC progression. Furthermore, Bioinformatics analysis, western blotting and dual-luciferase reporter assay were used to determine the mechanism by which miR-95-3p suppresses progression of CRC cells. Results: In this study, we found that miR-95-3p was downregulated in CRC tissues. The low level of miR-95-3p in CRC tumors was correlated with aggressive clinicopathological characteristics, and it predicted poor prognosis in CRC patients. The overexpression of miR-95-3p significantly inhibited CRC cell proliferation, colony formation and metastasis in vitro and in vivo. Bioinformatic analysis further identified hepatoma-derived growth factor (HDGF) as a novel target of miR-95-3p in CRC cells. These findings suggest that miR-95-3p regulates CRC cell survival, partially through the downregulation of HDGF. Conclusions: Therefore, the miR-95-3p/HDGF axis might serve as a novel therapeutic target in patients with CRC.

Permeable concrete has been widely used in infrastructure constructions due to its excellent water permeability and environmental protection function. In this paper, a silane coupling agent (SCA) was utilised to modify a cement paste and permeable concrete with an emulsified asphalt (EA) for improving the workability of the cement paste and the frost resistance of the permeable concrete. A rheometer was used to characterise the rheological properties of the cement paste. The results of the experiment suggested that the hysteresis loop area of the cement paste increased 10.2 % to a value of 22739 Pa/s, proving that the utilisation of the SCA was suitable to enhance the workability of the cement paste with the EA. The frost resistance of the permeable concrete increased 4.2 % while its 120-day dry shrinkage reduced 40.7 %. In addition, the bonding strength of the cement paste and the 28-day compressive strength of the permeable concrete increased 40.7 % and 61.4 % by the 0.14 % SCA, respectively. Furthermore, the difference of the total void ratio and interconnected void ratio of the permeable concrete was reduced by the SCA, which suggested the utilisation of the SCA was beneficial in ensuring the mechanical properties and water permeability of the concrete.

In vehicle visual navigation, image matching algorithm is highly critical to positioning accuracy and processing efficiency. One single matching algorithm cannot satisfy all types of image features accurate acquisition, so Harris, SUSAN, FAST, SIFT, and SURF are respectively adopted to process various road images under normal lighting condition. During practical application, the appropriate algorithm can be selected based on detection rate and running time of the above algorithms. Aiming at the illumination change interference of the collected images in vehicle visual navigation, many traditional matching algorithms for illumination change are not optimal, so an image precise matching algorithm with illumination change robustness is proposed. Because image edges and detail information have lower sensitivity for illumination change, SURF feature points are optimized by image gradient based on the idea of Canny, and the bidirectional search is used to obtain precise matching points. The experimental results show that feature point detection of the algorithm remains good stability for illumination change in images, and the matching accuracy can reach more than 94%. The algorithm is not only robust to illumination change, but also ensures higher matching speed and meanwhile improves the matching accuracy significantly.

The influence of morphology of the Ti2Cu phase on biological corrosion and antibacterial properties of Ti-Cu alloy was investigated by micro-galvanic corrosion. Elongated “micro-galvanic cells” were formed between lamellar Ti2Cu phase (L-Ti2Cu) and α-Ti matrix due to the different Volta potentials. The corrosion rate (Vcorr) of L-Ti2Cu was twice that of granular Ti2Cu phase (G-Ti2Cu) because lamellar Ti2Cu phase had more galvanic interface. The release of Cu2+ ions in L-Ti2Cu was 55 % higher than G-Ti2Cu, reaching 99.5 % of the antibacterial rate in L-Ti2Cu and providing a great potential in clinical application for dental implants.

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a global public health threat. Reaching the World Health Organization’s objective for eliminating viral hepatitis by 2030 will require a precise disease diagnosis. While immunoassays and qPCR play a significant role in detecting HCV, rapid and accurate point-of-care testing is important for pathogen identification. This study establishes a reverse transcription recombinase-aided amplification–lateral flow dipstick (RT-RAA-LFD) assay to detect HCV. The intact workflow was completed within 30 min, and the detection limit for synthesized C/E1 plasmid gene-containing plasmid was 10 copies/μl. In addition, the test showed good specificity, with no cross-reactivity observed for hepatitis A virus, hepatitis B virus, HIV, syphilis, and human papillomavirus virus. Using extracted RNAs from 46 anti-HCV antibody-positive samples, RT-RAA-LFD showed 100% positive and negative concordance rates with qPCR. In summary, the RT-RAA-LFD assay established in this study is suitable for the rapid clinical detection of HCV at the community level and in remote areas.

For chloride-contaminated RC structures, steel corrosion is one of the most common reasons causing the deterioration of reinforced concrete (RC) structures. Electrochemical chloride extraction (ECE), which migrates the chloride ions out of the RC structure, is preferred as it is a nondestructive repairing method. In this context, electrokinetic models are often used to investigate ECE processes. Currently, electrokinetic models based on different potential theories, such as the constant potential, electroneutrality, and Gauss’ law, may be used to solve the potential distribution. Although many ECE numerical simulations have been conducted, there has been no systematic comparison of models based on different potential theories. Therefore, in this study, a comprehensive comparative study has been conducted on these models in terms of the potential distribution, current density, quantity of electric charge, and ion concentration. Two commonly used ECE methods, namely, steady voltage and steady current, were numerically simulated and analyzed. The numerical results with actual ECE data were also compared. Although the electrokinetic model based on electroneutrality might overestimate the residual chloride concentration and underestimate current density and hydroxyl concentration, critical analysis suggests that electroneutrality is more appropriate than the constant potential and Gauss’ law for electrokinetic modeling.

Ultra-thin superconducting aluminum films of 3-nm grown on sapphire by molecule-beam epitaxy show excellent superconductivity and large kinetic inductance. This results in a record high Kerr non-linearity of 33 kHz and 3.62 MHz per photon in notch-type and transmission-type resonators, respectively. 4-wave mixing leverages this non-linearity to achieve 12 dB parametric amplification in transmission type resonator, making the ultra-thin film ideal for photon detection and amplification applications.

BackgroundCetuximab is an effective antibody to treat colorectal cancer (CRC) by targeting the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). However, the mechanisms of acquired resistance to cetuximab therapy, especially in patients without identifiable gene mutations, are not fully understood.MethodsOur study investigated the role of pumilio RNA-binding family member 1 (PUM1) in cetuximab resistance. We established cetuximab-resistant colon cancer cell lines SW480R and Caco-2R and knocked out PUM1 and DEAD-box helicase 5 (DDX5) with the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-caspase 9 (Cas9) system. To check cell proliferation, we used Cell Counting Kit-8. We performed qPCR and immunoblot to examine the levels of mRNAs and proteins for each cell line.ResultsOur data showed that PUM1 was upregulated in SW480R and Caco-2R cells with increased protein levels and cell proliferation, and PUM1 knockout reduced cell viability in the presence of cetuximab. We also found that PUM1 interacted with DDX5 in 3′ untranslated region (UTR) and positively regulated its mRNA expression. Furthermore, suppression of DDX5 also decreased the proliferation of SW480R and Caco-2R cells.ConclusionOur study suggests that PUM1 positively regulates DDX5 and acts as a promoter in cetuximab-resistant colon cancer cells.

Limestone, calcined clay and cement (LC³) are one of the low carbon cement materials which are used as a partial substitution of clinker and Portland cement. In this study, the effects of limestone and calcined clay (LC²) on the mechanical properties and microstructure of mortars were studied under multi-scales. It could be concluded that the compressive strength decreased slightly with an increase in the LC² content, but the flexural strength increased significantly due to the greater formation of crystalline aluminates in the LC³. The x-ray diffraction and thermal analysis results prove the pozzolanic activity of the calcined clay in the LC³ system which is in agreement with the results of the decreasing calcium hydroxide and the increasing ettringite content, and the LC² could reduce the heat of the hydration of the LC³ significantly. Also, the formation of calcium hemicarboaluminate (3CaO.Al₂O₃.Ca[(OH)(CO₃)0.5].xH₂O) and calcium monocarboaluminate (3CaO.Al₂O₃.CaCO₃.xH₂O), as well as the pozzolanic activity of the calcined clay contributed to the development of the mechanical strength.

To meet the requirement of vehicle real-time and precise ego-localization on the flat road of city, a vehicle ego-localization method based on the fusion of optical flow and feature points matching is proposed. A novel FAST algorithm with self-adaptive threshold is applied to detect feature points. Based on the assumption of flat plane, the improved Lucas-Kanade algorithm is carried out to track feature points, and then the custom LARSAE is used to amend vehicle offsets. Meanwhile, Hu moments are used as the feature descriptor to complete image matching, realizing vehicle motion estimation. These two methods are fused by the discrete kalman filter to update and optimize vehicle position. Experimental results show that the fusion algorithm overcomes the shortcomings of poor positioning accuracy of optical flow and the low processing speed of feature matching, and is able to provide more accurate real-time positioning output, having a certain robustness for circumstances such as illumination change and low pavement texture.