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Background - With the recent evolution of Financial Technology (FinTech), 11 peers to peer (P2P) lending platforms have been regulated by the Securities Commission in Malaysia since 2016. P2P lending platforms offer new investment opportunities to individual investors to earn higher rates on return than what traditional lenders usually provide. However, individual investors may face higher potential risks of default from their borrowers. Therefore, individual investors need to understand the potential exposure to such P2P lending platforms to make an effective investment decision. This study aims to explore the potential risk exposures that individual investors may experience at Malaysia's licensed P2P lending platforms. Methods - Based on data collected manually from nine P2P lending platforms over five months, relationships between interest rates and various risk classifying factors such as credit rating, industry, business stage, loan purpose, and loan duration are examined. Results- This study shows that loans with a similar credit rating and with or without similar loan purpose; and a business stage may offer investors significantly different interest rates. In addition, loans with shorter durations may provide investors with higher interest rates than those with longer durations. Finally, loans issued by companies from the same industry appeared to be charged with similar interest. These findings are valuable to investors to prepare themselves before making their investments at the P2P lending platforms. Conclusion- With first hand-collected data, this study provides an original insight into Malaysia's current P2P lending platforms. Findings obtained for relationships between interest rates and risk classifying factors such as credit rating, industry, business stage, loan purpose and loan duration are valuable to investors of Malaysian P2P lending platforms.

The higher education structure in Malaysia has experienced significant changes since the implementation of the Private Higher Educational Institutions Act of 1996. The unprecedented expansion of the higher education sector and the increasing autonomy conferred to universities have created a huge demand for competent university leadership that supports the development of higher education in Malaysia. This article discusses the very first national multiplication training in Malaysia in 2014 and analyses such out-comes as the identification of good practices for future initiatives and applications in university leadership training.

Higher Education Leadership and Management have become increasingly important throughout the years due to the complexities that have to be addressed by universities worldwide. This can be seen not only in professionalisation in fields such as faculty management or in areas of quality assurance and internationalisation, but also in the need for exchange and training in academic leadership, such as that of deans or study deans, or of university leadership in general. The Dialogue on Innovative Higher Education Strategies (DIES) is addressing this need in emerging countries by building platforms of exchange and offering training courses. Not only is the programme supporting capacity building of human resources, but it is also specifically focusing on inducing change within the universities, such as introducing new instruments or tools in the area of quality assurance and internationalisation, and addressing specific challenges or setting up new structures in the form of projects in the frame of the training. The ‘National Multiplication Trainings’ Programme under DIES is further addressing the sustainability and multiplication of the DIES Programme, that is, alumni are enabled to implement capacity building in higher education leadership and management in their national context. The articles within this volume of the “Potsdamer Beiträge zur Hochschulforschung” (Potsdam Contributions to Higher Education Research) analyse and share the experiences of such training programmes held in Colombia, Democratic Republic of Congo, Guinea, Malaysia, Kenya, and Uganda. They all revolve around the best ways to address the needs and challenges in higher education leadership and management, and in building capacities in these areas.

The higher education structure in Malaysia has experienced significant changes since the implementation of the Private Higher Educational Institutions Act of 1996. The unprecedented expansion of the higher education sector and the increasing autonomy conferred to universities have created a huge demand for competent university leadership that supports the development of higher education in Malaysia. This article discusses the very first national multiplication training in Malaysia in 2014 and analyses such out-comes as the identification of good practices for future initiatives and applications in university leadership training.

Higher Education Leadership and Management have become increasingly important throughout the years due to the complexities that have to be addressed by universities worldwide. This can be seen not only in professionalisation in fields such as faculty management or in areas of quality assurance and internationalisation, but also in the need for exchange and training in academic leadership, such as that of deans or study deans, or of university leadership in general. The Dialogue on Innovative Higher Education Strategies (DIES) is addressing this need in emerging countries by building platforms of exchange and offering training courses. Not only is the programme supporting capacity building of human resources, but it is also specifically focusing on inducing change within the universities, such as introducing new instruments or tools in the area of quality assurance and internationalisation, and addressing specific challenges or setting up new structures in the form of projects in the frame of the training. The ‘National Multiplication Trainings’ Programme under DIES is further addressing the sustainability and multiplication of the DIES Programme, that is, alumni are enabled to implement capacity building in higher education leadership and management in their national context. The articles within this volume of the “Potsdamer Beiträge zur Hochschulforschung” (Potsdam Contributions to Higher Education Research) analyse and share the experiences of such training programmes held in Colombia, Democratic Republic of Congo, Guinea, Malaysia, Kenya, and Uganda. They all revolve around the best ways to address the needs and challenges in higher education leadership and management, and in building capacities in these areas., Potsdamer Beiträge zur Hochschulforschung, 5

Despite various government efforts incorporating economic, social and political considerations in curbing emigration problem, brain drain remains an issue in Malaysia. This paper examines the determinants of migration from behavioural perspectives. Using Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) model, the engineers’ salient beliefs on migrating abroad were elicited using qualitative analysis. A number of new behavioural, normative and control beliefs were identified. The elicitation of the engineers’ salient beliefs is essential in developing appropriate behavioural intervention programmes to reduce their intention to migrate abroad. The methodology developed in this study can also assist future researchers to identify the salient beliefs of people who have high intention to migrate abroad.

On the basis of DSP digital signal processing chip TMS320F2812 function as the main control chip of power supply, this paper proposes a dual switch forward topology with RCC converter as auxiliary power supply,the bootstrap drive chip IR2110 as power drive circuit, a dual closed loop control strategy with voltage outer loop and current inner loop, and PID control algorithm using integral separation together with dead zone control. The experimental result show that the power supply structure is easy to operate, and the corresponding control strategy and algorithm effectively improve the stability of the power supply output voltage and the rapidness of the response of the system.

In order to realize higher speed and large flow network communication on the new manned spacecraft independently developed in China, it is necessary to apply Ethernet technology. Considering the cost and application prospect, it is planned to use industrial Ethernet control chip. So it is necessary to verify whether it can meet the special requirements of the space environment. According to the space environment of the manned spacecraft design orbit, and the sensitive characteristics of the Ethernet controller chip itself, it is necessary to focus on verifying its single-particle effect. This paper introduces in detail the single-event effect of the Ethernet controller in China for the first time. The Bi-ion and Kr ions of the HIRFL cyclotron are used to carry out the single-event effect on the KSZ8851-16MLLJ Ethernet MAC controller produced by MICREL. The evaluation test, including the single-particle test design, hardware platform, software functions and test data, finally gave the test conclusion.

This paper delves into competition and technology management as a means of economic development. Expanding from Porter's framework on competitiveness and using a novel framework of PTGE（People, Technology, Government and Environment）, this paper argues that three types of competitive advantage could be created. These competitive advantages range from passive to active advantages, i.e. natural advantage, duplicated advantage and niche advantage. Technology and effective management of technology become the key differentiating factors in determining one's competitiveness. This paper discusses key aspects of technology management, namely R&D management, new product development and technology strategy in enhancing competitiveness that may lead to the creation of one of the competitive advantage mentioned.

In the present work, the effect of the microstructure of AlSi6Mg2 alloy on its macro-rheological behavior of the steady AlSi6Mg2 alloy is investigated. Specifically, the effect of particle size, packing mode and degree of the agglomeration of particles are analyzed. It can be seen that the apparent viscosity decreases with increasing the particle size (d) ifdis between a few μm and 200 μm, while the solid particle size does not affect viscosity except this region. This theoretical prediction is in qualitatively agreement with the experimental data. The trend of the variation of the average agglomerate size with the particle size is the same as the one of viscosity. The packing mode of solid particles in agglomerate is closely related to the solid volume fraction and the characteristics of the alloy system. Subsequently, the state of agglomeration of solid particles which determines the rheology of semisolid AlSi6Mg2 alloy, while the external flow conditions (such as shear rate) influence the viscosity by changing the state of agglomeration. Consequently, the particle size, the packing mode and the average agglomerate size have different effect on the rheological behavior of SSMS.

In this paper, we propose and demonstrate a novel technique on improving the conversion efficiency for a metal-insulator-semiconductor (MIS) transistor-based solar cell by using a voltage biasing transparent electrode. The device structure is consisted of a Si-solar cell, a SiO 2 oxide layer, an indium tin oxide (ITO) transparent electrode, and two ohmic-contact electrodes for n-Si and p-Si. The used ITO transparent electrode with a high transmittance at the visible wavelengths and a low sheet resistance are obtained by a sputtering system. The performances of the bare Si-solar cell, the cell with ITO/SiO 2 layers, and the cell with ITO/SiO 2 layers and ITO electrode applying a bias voltage are sequentially characterized under AM1.5 solar illumination. Comparing the performance with the bare solar cell, the efficiency of the solar cell with ITO/SiO 2 films was enhanced of 34.3%. In which, the thin ITO/SiO 2 films provide a function like an anti-reflection (AR) coating. Furthermore, the efficiency as a function of bias-voltage was also observed when the ITO transparent electrode was biased at different volts. At 5 V biasing, the efficiency increasing of more 25.7% was obtained in our recently results, which compared the cell with zero volt biasing. The operation mechanism of the biasing dependent is also discussed.