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BACKGROUND Endothelium injury and coagulation dysfunction play an important role in the pathogenesis of sepsis. Soluble thrombomodulin (sTM), tissue plasminogen activator-inhibitor complex (t-PAIC), thrombin-antithrombin complex (TAT) and α2-plasmin inhibitor-plasmin complex (PIC) are biomarkers of endothelium injury and coagulation dysfunction. This study aimed to explore the prognostic values and diagnostic performance for septic shock and sepsis-induced disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) of endothelial biomarkers. METHODS We conducted an observational study on patients with sepsis admitted to intensive care unit (ICU) at a teaching hospital from January 2016 to December 2018. Levels of sTM, t-PAIC, TAT and PIC were measured at admission day and day 5-7 after admission and detected by qualitative chemiluminescence enzyme immunoassay performed on HISCL automated analyzers. RESULTS A total of 179 septic patients and 125 non-septic ICU controls were enrolled. The level of sTM was higher in septic patients compared to ICU controls (OR =1.093, 95% CI: 1.045-1.151, P

Leaf spot and dieback were observed on box elder (Acer negundo) grown in a nursery in Tai’an city, Shandong Province, China, in 2019, with a disease incidence of 86%. The incidences of Exserohilum rostratum isolation were 75% from the shoots and 66.6% from the leaves of field-infected plants. Isolates were identified at the species level on the basis of morphological characteristics and through phylogenetic analysis of concatenated partial sequences of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region and cam, gapdh, tef1, rpb2, tub2, and his genes from the Exserohilum isolates. The effects of temperature on the mycelial growth of the Exserohilum rostratum isolates were also characterized. In greenhouse tests, seedlings inoculated with the pathogen exhibited systemic symptoms similar to those observed in the field. In pathogenicity experiments on shoots, wounded seedlings were observed to be blighted, suggesting that leaf spot and dieback may develop into more severe blight or dieback when high winds, sudden temperature decreases, or insect infestations occur. To our knowledge, this is the first report of dieback and leaf spot caused by E. rostratum on a species of A. negundo.

BackgroundLittle information was obtained from the published papers about the kinematic coupling effect between tarsal bones during Ponseti manipulation. The aim was to explore the kinematic coupling effect of the joints around talus, to investigate the kinematic rhythm and coupling relationship of tarsal joints; to clarify the pulling effect on medial ligament of the ankle during the process of Ponseti manipulation.MethodsThe model of foot and ankle was reconstructed from the Chinese digital human girl No.1 (CDH-G1) image database. Finite element analysis was applied to explore the kinematic coupling effect of the joints around talus. The distal tibia and fibula bone and the head of talus were fixed in all six degrees of freedom; outward pressure was added to the first metatarsal head to simulate the Ponseti manipulation. Kinematic coupling of each tarsal joint was investigated using the method of whole model splitting, and medial ligament pulling of the ankle was studied by designing the model of medial ligament deletion during the Ponseti manipulation.ResultsAll the tarsal joints produced significant displacement in kinematic coupling effect, and the talus itself produced great displacement in the joint of ankle. Quantitative analysis revealed that the maximum displacement was found in the joints of talonavicular (12.01mm), cuneonavicular (10.50mm), calcaneocuboid (7.97mm), and subtalar(6.99mm).The kinematic coupling rhythm between talus and navicular, talus and calcaneus, calcaneus and cuboid, navicular and cuneiform 1 were 1:12, 1:7, 1:2 and 1:1.6. The results of ligaments pulling showed that the maximum displacement was presented in the ligaments of tibionavicular (mean 27.99mm), talonavicular (21.03mm), and calcaneonavicular (19.18 mm).ConclusionsAll the tarsal joints around talus were involved in the process of Ponseti manipulation, and the strongest kinematic coupling effect was found in the joints of talonavicular, subtalar, calcaneocuboid, and cuneonavicular. The ligaments of tibionavicular, talonavicular, and calcaneonavicular were stretched greatly. It was suggested that the method of Ponseti management was a complex deformity correction processes involved all the tarsal joints. The present study contributed to better understanding the principle of Ponseti manipulation and the pathoanatomy of clubfoot. Also, the importance of cuneonavicular joint should be stressed in clinical practice.

Objective: To investigate the effect of etomidate maintenance anesthesia on immune function and stress response in patients with gastric cancer after the operation. Methods: 160 patients with gastric cancer in our hospital were randomly divided into control group and observation group, with 80 cases in each group. Both of the groups underwent radical gastrectomy, in which the control group was injected propofol anesthesia, while the observation group was injected etomidate anesthesia. The levels of immunoglobulin A, immunoglobulin M, immunoglobulin G, cortisol(Cor), aldosterone(ALD), malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and hypersensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) were detected and compared before and after treatment. Results: After treatment, the serum levels of immunoglobulin A, immunoglobulin G and immunoglobulin M of the patients in the control group were significantly decreased. But in the observation group, these serum level did not change significantly and were higher compared with the control group. The serum levels of Cor, ALD, SOD, and GSH-Px in both groups after treatment were significantly decreased, while the levels of MDA, TNF-α and hs- CRP were significantly increased. The serum levels of Cor, ALD, MDA, TNF-α, and hs-CRP of patients in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group, and the levels of SOD and GSH-Px were significantly higher than those in the control group. Conclusion: Etomidate can enhance the immune function and antioxidant capacity of patients with gastric cancer, alleviate inflammation, and has a good clinical effect. But it is not suitable for patients with severe impairment of adrenocortical function.

Objective: In this study, the effects of combined anesthesia with Remifentanil and Propofol on the hemodynamics and stress state indexes at different times in patients undergoing craniotomy were studied, and the effects of combined anesthesia with Remifentanil and Propofol on neurological function and inflammatory response in patients undergoing craniotomy were explored. Methods: A total of 92 patients who underwent craniotomy in our hospital from January 2017 to February 2019 were collected and divided into observation group and control group according to their anesthesia methods. 45 patients in the control group received propofol to maintain anesthesia. In the observation group, 47 cases were treated with remifentanil combined with propofol to maintain anesthesia. Changes in hemodynamics (HR, SpO2, MAP) of the two groups were monitored at different times throughout the operation. At the same time by ria method detection in patients with two groups of T0, T1, T2, T3, T4 in serum stress state index (Ang Ⅱ, NE, ALD) changes. The changes of nerve function indexes (NSE, S100) and inflammatory factors (CRP, TNF-α) before and after surgery were compared between the two groups. Results: There were no significant differences in hemodynamics and stress state indicators of T0 between the two groups, and there were no significant differences in preoperative inflammatory reaction and neurological function indicators between the two groups. In the observation group, the changes of HR, SpO2 and MAP at each time point during the operation were less than those in the control group, and the hemodynamic state of the observation group was more stable than that of the control group. The level of Ang Ⅱ, NE, ALD in Control patients in T1, T2, T3, T4 were higher than T0. The level of Ang Ⅱ, NE, ALD of the two groups in T1, T2, T3, T4 are higher than T0. Observation group of patients with T1, T2, T3, T4 Ang Ⅱ level obviously is higher than the control group with time. In the observation group, the levels of NE and ALD were higher at T2, T3 and T4 than at T0. The levels of NE and ALD in T3 and T4 were lower in the observation group than in the control group. Postoperative neurological function (NSE, S100) and inflammatory factors (CRP, TNF-α) were significantly higher in the two groups than in the control group. Conclusion: Combined anesthesia with Remifentanil and Propofol can stabilize the hemodynamic state of patients undergoing craniotomy, reduce cardiovascular stress response and inflammatory response, reduce nerve damage, and play a role in brain protection.

Objective: To investigate the effect of dexmedetomidine on the immune function, serum inflammatory factors and hemodynamics in elderly patients with gastric cancer. Method: A total of 84 elderly patients with gastric cancer treated in our hospital from September 2015 to March 2017 were randomly divided into the control group and the observation group, each with 42 cases. The control group received intravenous infusion of Sodium Chloride Injection before anesthesia induction, and the observation group received dexmedetomidine intravenous infusion. The levels of hemodynamic indexes HR and MAP levels, serum inflammatory factors levels of CRP, IL-2, IL-10 levels and T lymphocyte subsets levels were compared between the two groups. Results: Compared with induction of anesthesia before, the HR level of two groups were both significantly increased at 6 h after operation, the MAP level of control group was significantly increased at 6 h after operation while was not changed significantly in the observation group. According comparison between groups at 6 h after operation, the levels of HR, MAP in observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group. Compared with induction of anesthesia before, the CRP level was significantly increased at each postoperative time point in two groups; the IL-2 level at 24 h after operation of two groups were decreased significantly, while both increased back and significantly higher than that before induction of anesthesia; the IL-10 level at 24 h after operation of two groups were increased significantly, while both decreased back and significantly lower than that before induction of anesthesia. Compared with the control group at the same time point, the CRP, IL-10 level of observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group and the IL-2 level of observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group. Compared with induction of anesthesia before, the levels of CD3 + , CD4 + , CD4 + /CD8 + of control group were significantly decreased at 6 h, 24 h, 72 h after operation and significantly decreased at 24 h after operation in observation group. 72 h after operation, the levels of CD3 + , CD4 + , CD4 + /CD8 + of observation group increased back and were not changed significantly compared with induction of anesthesia before. Compared with the control group at the same time point, 6 h, 24 h, 72 h after operation, the levels of CD3 + , CD4 + , CD4 + /CD8 + of observation group were significantly higher than that of the control group. Conclusion: Dexmedetomidine for elderly patients with gastric cancer assisted anesthesia can reduce the stress caused by surgical trauma, improve the immune level, reduce the inflammatory response, and stabilize hemodynamics of patients in the perioperative period significantly. It is worthy of clinical promotion.

Cultivated as a medicinal plant, Cyclocarya paliurus is a monotypic species in its genus and native to China. However, limited information is available regarding diseases that affect its health. In recent years, severe foliar blight and occasional dieback of C. paliurus were observed in the provinces of Anhui, Guangxi, Hubei and Jiangsu in China. The fungus Nigrospora sphaerica was consistently isolated from 70 diseased samples, and its identity was confirmed based on phylogenetic and morphological studies. The phylogenetic analyses of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region, translation elongation factor 1-alpha (TEF), and beta-tubulin (TUB) genes compared 15 representative isolates with reference specimens within the Nigrospora genus and validated the identity of the pathogenic fungus. The pathogenicity tests of C. paliurus leaves showed that regardless of whether mycelial plugs or conidial suspensions were used, inoculation with the N. sphaerica isolates resulted in foliar blight symptoms similar to those observed under field conditions. Mycelial growth of N. sphaerica occurred at temperatures ranging from 5 to 35 °C, with an optimum between 25 and 30 °C. In addition, high relative humidity (>85%) could promote conidial germination of N. sphaerica. This study represents an initial step in studying N. sphaerica as a new phytopathogen of C. paliurus in China with the goal of developing efficient control strategies.

Fluoride conversion films were synthesized on cast magnesium alloy AZ31 by immersion in hydrofluoric acid for different days to improve the corrosion resistance of Mg alloys as degradable implant material. The effects of the films on the corrosion behavior of the mg substrates were investigated by immersion tests. The results showed the fluoride conversion film was affected by the distribution of the chemical component of cast AZ31 alloy and the film on the second phases has more pores and micro-crack, but the bottoms of the pores were also covered by the conversion film and the substrate was not exposed through the pores. The fluoride conversion coatings significantly improved the corrosion resistance of cast AZ31 alloy. The film on the second phase with more pores is the first to dissolve. The most improved corrosion protection was achieved by 15 days treatment with the thickest film in terms of hydrogen evolution rate and damage morphology.

Purinergic signaling contributes to inflammatory and immune responses. The activation of the P2X purinoceptor 7 (P2X7) in satellite glial cells (SGCs) may be an essential component in the promotion of inflammation and neuropathic pain. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in multiple physiological and pathological processes. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of a small interfering RNA for the lncRNA BC168687 on SGC P2X7 expression in a high glucose and high free fatty acids (HGHF) environment. It was demonstrated that BC168687 small interfering (si)RNA downregulated the co-expression of the P2X7 and glial fibrillary acidic protein and P2X7 mRNA expression. Additionally, HGHF may activate the mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway by increasing the release of nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species in SGCs. Taken together, these results indicate that silencing BC168687 expression may downregulate the increased expression of P2X7 receptors in SGCs induced by a HGHF environment.

A model of the problem of variable load line contact EHL with single asperities is established. The influences of the single asperities and variable load on the pressure and film thickness are investigated. Numerical results reveal that the existence of single asperities can lead to pressure change drastically and film thickness become thin in the vicinity of asperities. The effects of the variable load on the pressure and film thickness are discussed. The comparison of the variable load and steady load is given.

Reaction of semirigid Lewis acidity ligand 1-carboxymethylpyridinium-4-carboxylate (L) with various salts affords five new coordination networks: two 2D layered coordination polymers [Ag2(L)(NO3)]·H2O (2) and [Pb(L)(NO3)] (3), and three 3D metal–organic frameworks [Cu4(L)4(OH)2Cl2]·11.55H2O (1), [Pb3(L)4Br2(H2O)2] (4) and [Pr(L)2(H2O)2(NO3)] (5). Complex 1 features a planar tetranuclear [Cu4(μ3-OH)2]6− cluster as a 6-connected node, connecting with eight L ligands to generate a tilted α-Po type structure. Compared with 1, 2 possesses a unique 2D double-layered structure with 1D channels, which is composed of (4,4) topological networks pillared by nitrate anions. Complexes 3 and 4 are both made up of 1D chains. 3 is composed of homo-chiral 21 helices, which provides a chiral 2D polymeric network, whereas 4 consists of two types of infinite 1D chains linked in a cross-like fashion, which displays a 3D plywood-like structure. Complex 5 consists of 4-connected metal nodes, which exhibits a 3-fold interpenetrating 3D diamondoid framework. The results suggest that the semirigid L ligand adopting different coordination modes plays important roles in determining the final structures of complexes 1–5. Moreover, complexes 3 and 5 with an acentric space group show modest powder second-harmonic-generation (SHG) efficiency at room temperature. Based on the Lewis acidity of the pyridinium unit of ligand L, complexes 1–5 were also used as catalysts for aza-Diels–Alder reaction.

In this study, friction stir processing (FSP) has been used to fabricate aluminum alloy 7075 based surface hybrid composite with a mixture of SiC and MoS2 reinforcement particles. The surface hybrid composite layer has been successfully fabricated at different content ratio of SiC and MoS2 particles by one-pass FSP. The SiC and MoS2 particles were distributed almost homogeneously over the nugget zone. The average Vickers hardness at nugget zone increased to about 190 at 100% SiC, and it decreased with increasing the MoS2 content ratio in reinforcement. The wear weight loss of the surface hybrid composite depended on the applied load and the relative content ratio of SiC and MoS2 particles. The surface hybrid composite of 75% SiC and 25% MoS2 showed superior wear resistance among all tested samples. The wear failure was attributed to the combination of the combination of abrasive wear and delamination.

In this study, friction stir processing (FSP) has been used to prepare aluminum-base composite with addition of SiC reinforcement particles. Aluminum alloy 7075 surface composite has been successfully fabricated at a suitable ratio of tool rotation rate/traverse speed by one-pass FSP. SiC particles were distributed almost homogeneously over the nugget zone, and strong interfacial adhesion was obtained between SiC particles and 7075 alloy matrix. The existence of reinforcement particles caused the enhancement of microhardness and impact toughness over the nugget zone compared to 7075 alloy matrix. The impact fracture of composite layer was characterized by aluminum alloy matrix toughness tear and SiC particle brittle rupture.

The coal gangue are produced in a coal mine heap of Pan xian, Gui zhou, by using microwave assisted acid leaching methods and under certain reaction conditions, the products of different stages of acid leaching were characterized through different characterization methods like X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope and energy dispersive spectroscopy. The related process mechanism of Microwave assisted technique acid leaching gangue was preliminarily studied by the characterization results from analyzing the products of different stages of acid leaching.

To reduce the computational resources, experimental design and response surface method (RSM) were employed to investigate the aerodynamic drag coefficient (CD) and lift coefficient (CL) of airfoils by using CFD methods. The selection of sample points, development and validation of response surface model and the effects of different sample points on approximation model were discussed. The results indicates that the number and distribution of sample points have a significant impact on model accuracy and optimize results. Also this method can greatly reduce calculation amount.

The core device of our system is a handheld EEG monitoring analyzer, which is based on a new DSP (Digital Signal Processor) control system. The DSP is based on a Think-Gear module and collects the EEG signals reliably. The system only uses a dry electrode, which ensures that the user can have a happy experience in daily life. Our main purpose is that we can provide a hardware prototype with the application of BCI (Brain-Computer Interface).The system can monitor the sleep process accurately and distinguish the eyes open or closed state, sleep state and the degree of relaxation.

This paper applies AHP method and fuzzy evaluation method to establish evaluation system of CBM well type in Junggar Basin. Conclusions are drawn as follows: weight of each factor which determines well type optimization is very different, coal seam depth is 0.402, coal seam thickness is 0.295, coal permeability is 0.163, coal seam dip is 0.14. Sikeshu area and center of the basin is not suitable for CBM ground drilling. Changji to Fukang area and Muleihasakexian to Wucaiwan area and East Wuerhe area are favorable for vertical well drilling. Jimusaer area is favorable for horizontal well drilling. Other areas in Junggar Basin need vertical and horizontal well joint drilling.

Organic petrology method is applied to analysis hydrocarbon potential of early Cretaceous source rocks in Hebei Weichang, Chifeng basin. Conclusions are drawn as follows: Organic Maceral is mainly pieces of vitrinite, liptinite consists algae and small spores; organic matter abundance is better; organic type isI-II1, in an immature stage which currently does not have potential for bearing hydrocarbon.

Junggar Basin is located in north Xinjiang and it has a huge amount of coalbed methane resources with less exploration and mining. The most vital characteristic in junggar basin is coal dip angel and gas content varies a lot in different areas. This paper reveals the relationship between gas content and coal seam dip angel, bigger the coal seam dip angel lower the gas content. The target area of CBM exploration and mining in junggar basin is HEGSH-STH area, HEGSHX area, BSMY-JJM area,LJM area, KLMY area, HSTLG area and XZJQ area. Gas content is mainly influenced by tectonic movement in junggar basin, it is low in complex structure area and high in simple structure area. Inclination of the coal seam stands for the complexity of the structure in junggar basin, the structure is complex when the coal seam is steep, it is simple when the coal seam is flat. The result can be used as a new method for coalbed methane exploration and development in inclined coal seam areas, small coal dip area should be chosen as the high gas content target.

Based on the coal reservoirs geological feature and coalbed methane (CBM) wells production data, and taken FS-2 well in the southern Junggar Basin as examples, history matching and productivity prediction of FS-2 well were conducted by using COMET3 numerical modeling software and the influence factors sensitivity of gas well productivity in the study area were analyzed. The results suggest: FS-2 well total gas production in the eight years was 2915007 m3, and the average daily gas production reached 1209.5m3/d, the CBM well belongs to medium production well. Permeability and gas content has the most effect on the single wells production in the study area, so the influence of the fracture half-length and coal seam thickness is weakened.

Using data analysis and comparative analysis, the distribution of Coalbed methane (CBM) gas content in southern Junggar were analyzed on the basis of the southern Junggar Basin coalfield geological data, and the main controlling factors of CBM accumulation were studied. The results show that, Gas content ranges from 2cm3/g to 15cm3/g, which overall is highest in central and eastern and becomes progressively smaller in trend of westward. The study area has many characteristics, such as Multi-seam, large coal seam thickness, mainly Fine-grained clastic rock, which is conducive to the enrichment of the CBM. Study area belongs to confined aquifer of low water-richness and receives the supply of atmospheric precipitation and river. In the coal seams within a certain depth formed Runoff water and the CBM diffusion pattern of desorption - diffusion - transport - water soluble gas runoff, which are not conducive to the enrichment of the CBM.

In order to improve the corrosion resistance of Mg alloys as degradable implant material, fluorine conversion coatings were synthesized on AZ31 magnesium alloy by immersion in hydrofluoric acid (HF) for different time. Potentiodynamic electrochemical technique and hydrogen evolution testing were employed to investigate the corrosion behavior of the coated alloys in Hanks solution. It is indicated that the fluoride conversion coating, which is compact and composed of MgF2, can significantly decrease the degradation rate of Mg alloy AZ31 in Hanks solution. The most improved corrosion protection was achieved by immersion for 10 days. The corrosion current density was 40 times lower than that of the substrate and the hydrogen evolution rate of the coated sample was only one-fiftieth of the substrate.

In this paper, the finite element method is utilized to research the coupling effects between the strong electromagnetic pulse and the computer box with holes. Focus on the influence law of the box size on shielding effectiveness of computer box against strong electromagnetic pulses. The relationship between the simulation resonance frequency and the theoretical results is obtained; the influence of the holes shape and size on shielding effect is also obtained. It is concluded that the computer boxs shielding effect is poor under the resonance frequency, and there is no linear relationship between shielding effect and holes size when the frequency is determinated. The shielding effect doesnt become worse with the holes size increasing.

We propose and demonstrate an optical fiber acoustic sensor based on air backing mandrel type fiber optic hydrophone. This novel approach to sensing sounds in the air has not been utilized before and has the advantage that the sensor doesn’t need electric power supply when it is working. To prove the feasibility of such an optical fiber acoustic sensor, we make a model and set up experiment to get the acoustic waves response curve in frequency. Because of its simple mechanical structure, the sensor is robust and shows a good application prospect.

A new implementation of frequency shifting for the delayed self-heterodyne interferometer (DSHI) is proposed in this paper. In order to avoid the costly and complicated acoustic-optic modulator to shift frequency in the DSHI, we propose that a phase modulator can be used instead. The alternative strategy simplifies the complexity of the DSHI setup, as well as reduces the modulation-induced noise by modulating the two arms of DSHI at the same time. Theoretical and experimental analysis show that such a strategy successfully fulfills the frequency shifting function for the DSHI and accurate measurement of a laser’s linewidth and lineshape is realized correspondingly.

The production of transgenic sweetpotato (cv. Xushu 18) plants exhibiting enhanced salt tolerance using salt overly sensitive ( SOS ) genes was achieved through Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation. A. tumefaciens strain EHA105 harbors a binary vector pCAMBIA3301 with SOS genes ( SO S1, SOS2 and SOS3 ) and bar gene. Selection culture was conducted using 0.3 mg L −1 phosphinothricin (PPT). A total of 40 plants were produced from the inoculated 170 cell aggregates via somatic embryogenesis. PCR analysis showed that 37 of the 40 regenerated plants were transgenic plants. The in vitro assay demonstrated that superoxide dismutase (SOD) and proline were significantly more accumulated and malonaldehyde (MDA) was significantly less accumulated in 21 transgenic plants than in control plants when they were exposed to 86 mmol L −1 NaCl. Salt tolerance of these 21 plants was further evaluated with Hoagland solution containing 0, 51, 86, and 120 mmol L −1 NaCl in the greenhouse. The results indicated that 6 of them had significantly better growth and rooting ability than the remaining 15 transgenic plants and control plants. Expression of SOS genes in the 6 salt-tolerant transgenic plants was demonstrated by RT-PCR analysis. This study provides an alternative approach for improving salt tolerance of sweetpotato.

Aperture coupling is a main coupling mode through which strong electromagnetic pulse can disturb and even damage electronic equipments. The amount, offset and mixed shape of aperture arrays can affect the coupling effect, which is analyzed using finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method. The field strength coupled increases with the decrease of the slot amount when the total area of aperture is unchanged. The shielding effectiveness is the smallest when the electromagnetic pulse reaches the resonant frequency, which is only affected by the actual structure size of the shielding cavity. Comparing to two direction offset, the single achieved much larger field strength, which is symmetrical about offset center. The coupled field strength is the smallest when the shape of aperture arrays contains round and rectangular.

To study damage effectiveness of strong electro-magnetic pulse to components of equipments, the power density in area of MOS circuit, diodes and transistor of a computer is simulated, using the method of the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD). Coupling laws in different areas are achieved, and then judging the damage efficiency of components. Electromagnetic pulse reflects constantly in computer box, causing power density appears oscillations. Energy gradually declines to zero, for it radiates outward from slots. Field concentration around PCB board results in dissociation of field strength, and slows down the attenuation of energy. Finally, formula of power density at random field strength and rise time is also obtained.

Taking a company’s automotive panel drawing die as an example, this paper numerically simulates the process of drawing forming based on finite element analysis (FEA) software ANSYS, the design rationality of die structure is analyzed combining distribution characteristics of stress and strain, the paper also proposes feasible improvment measures according simulation analysis to optimize the structure of drawing die. The study result shows that analysis results based on ANSYS can forecast defect and failure regions in the forming process of automotive panel drawing die, optimize the design of drawing die, prolong the die life effectively, and reduce production cost.

Successful application of magnesium alloys as degradable load-bearing implants is determined by their biological performance especially degradation and corrosion behavior in the human body. Three magnesium alloys, namely WE43, ZK60, and AZ91 are investigated in this work. The invitrodegradation behavior, cytotoxicity, and genotoxicity are evaluated by corrosion tests, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, and micronuclei tests, respectively. Immersion tests indicate that the ZK60 alloy has the best corrosion resistance and lowest corrosion rate in Hank’s solution, followed by AZ91 alloy and WE43 alloy in that order. The MTT results obtained from the three magnesium alloys after 7 days of immersion indicate good cellular viability. However, excessively high aluminum and magnesium concentrations have a negative influence on the genetic stability.

Transgenic sweetpotato (cv. Lizixiang) plants exhibiting enhanced salt tolerance were developed using LOW OSMOTIC STRESS 5 (LOS5) with Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation. A. tumefaciens strain EHA105 harbors the pCAMBIA1300 binary vector with the LOS5 and hygromycin phosphotransferase II (hptII) genes. Selection culture was conducted using 25 mg l−1 hygromycin. A total of 26 plants were produced from the inoculated 200 cell aggregates of Lizixiang via somatic embryogenesis. PCR analysis showed that 23 of the 26 regenerated plants were transgenic plants. All of the transgenic plants exhibited higher salt tolerance compared to the untransformed control plants by in vitro assay for salt tolerance with 86 mM NaCl. When plants were exposed to 86 mM NaCl, 16 transgenic plants had significantly higher levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), proline, and abscisic acid (ABA) and significantly lower malonaldehyde (MDA) contents than those in untransformed control plants. Salt tolerance of these 16 plants was further evaluated with Hoagland solution containing 86 mM NaCl in a greenhouse. Four of the sixteen had significantly better growth and rooting ability than the remaining 12 plants and control plants. Stable integration of the LOS5 gene into the genome of the 4 salt-tolerant transgenic plants was confirmed by Southern blot analysis, and the copy number of integrated LOS5 gene ranged from 1 to 3. High level of LOS5 gene expression in the 4 salt-tolerant transgenic plants was demonstrated by real-time quantitative PCR analysis. This study provides an important approach for improving salt tolerance of sweetpotato.

In order to improve the corrosion resistance of Mg alloys in applications as degradable implant material. Fluoride conversion coating was synthesized on Mg alloy AZ31 by immersion in hydrofluoric acid (HF) with various concentrations. The effect of hydrofluoric acid (HF) treatment on the corrosion behavior of the Mg alloy AZ31 was investigated by potentiodynamic electrochemical technique and immersion tests. The XRD analysis indicated the fluoride conversion coating was amorphous, with smooth and compact surface. Electrochemical and immersion tests proved that the fluoride conversion coatings significantly improved the corrosion resistance of AZ31. The most improved corrosion protection was achieved using the concentrations of 40 % and 72 h of treatment time, resulting in corrosion rates 20 times lower than those of untreated samples, showing that fluoride coating by conversion treatment is a simple and promising way of enhancing the corrosion resistance of Mg in Hanks' solution.

The calcium phosphate coatings were prepared by virtue of electrochemical deposition in order to improve the corrosion resistance of Mg-1.0Ca alloys in simulated body fluids. The chemical compositions, structures and morphologies of the coatings were investigated by energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), respectively. The potentiodynamic electrochemical technique was employed to investigate the bio-degradation behavior of Mg-1.0Ca alloys with Ca-P coatings in Hank's solutions. The experimental results show that the deposited coatings predominately consist of flake-shape brushite (DCPD, CaHPO(4)center dot(2)H(2)O) crystallites. The corrosion resistance of the substrates with coatings is improved in Hank's solutions significantly.

On the basis of digital records from Tayuan well, we study coseismic effects of water temperature caused by remote earthquakes. The records show that the water temperature changes are consistently following the process of drop-rise-recovery regardless of focal mechanism or epicentral directions. The step amplitude of water temperature increases with the increase of earthquake magnitude, and decreases with the decrease of epicentral distances. They have rather well correlation. Water temperature rising after earthquake is influenced by water level variations. Finally, the mechanisms of coseismic effects of water temperature have been discussed. Preliminary study shows that accelerated convection and mixing of different temperature water in virtue of seismic wave are the main causes of water temperature drops. Seismic wave accelerates water convection, which causes warm water to move up from deeper part of the well and cold water to go down from the upper part. Temperature probe will detect water temperature drops at early stage. After the occurrence of earthquake, as the fluctuation of water level gradually quiets down, water temperature near the probe begins to rise.

To investigate treatment methods for diabetes complicated with chronic osteomyelitis.The clinical data of 39 diabetic patients with chronic osteomyelitis from 2000 to 2011 were studied. Among the patients, 23 patients were male and 16 patients were female,ranging in age from 21 to 81 years old,with a mean of 45 years old. All the patients had symptoms such as red,swelling,hot and pain to different degrees,and the duration of the disease lasted over more than 3 months,among which,25 patients had preoperative sinus formation. Routine preoperative drainage fluid culture, X-ray and CT examination were performed. Twenty-seven patients underwent debridement, one stage bone grafting and external fixation; 12 patients underwent debridement and antibiotic treatment. The examination results of ESR, CRP and blood routine before and after treatment were compared to evaluate clinical effects.After treatment, the values of ESR(preoperative 35 patients with higher value, and postoperative 32 patients with normal value), blood routine (preoperative 25 patients with abnormal value,and postoperative 23 patients with normal value), and CRP(preoperative 36 patients with higher value, and postoperative 33 patients with normal value) all improved. The liquor puris cultures were negative after treatment. Among 39 patients, 33 patients had clinical cure; 6 patients recurred within 4 months to 4 years.The treatment of diabetes should be paid attention when the chronic osteomyelitis was treated,and the combination treatment can significantly improve the cure rate of diabetes complicated with chronic osteomyelitis.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common chronic progressing disease in the elderly. In current there are many methods of drug treatment for knee osteoarthritis, the intra-articular injection belongs to local application, can direct effect on arthritis, is the most used and most effective methods in osteoarthritis treatment. A single medication may exist that anti-inflammatory effects produce a marked effect but articular cartilage injury is induced, or articular cartilage repairing are promoted but anti-inflammatory effects is not ideal. Therefore,the best method of treatment should be a comprehensive analysis of articular structure, function and possible pathogenic factor to understand the expectations of level of recovery and use in patients to design an individualized treatment plan.

To explore the effects of cannabinoid 2 receptor (CB2) in the development of bone cancer pain in mice.A total of 84 mice (C3H/HeJ) were randomly divided into 4 groups:tumor group (Group T, n = 30), medication administration group (Group J, n = 12), vehicle group (Group D, n = 12) and sham group (Group S, n = 30). And 2 × 10(5) osteolytic NCTC2472 cells in α-MEM were injected into medullary cavity of right distal femur to induce bone cancer pain in a murine model while sham mice received an injection of only α-MEM. All mice were tested for pain-related behaviors at pre-inoculation and at Days 5, 7, 10 and 14 post-inoculation. The tests included paw withdrawal mechanical threshold (PWMT) and paw withdrawal thermal latency (PWTL). Group J and Group D were injected intrathecally with 2 µg JWH015 dissolved in 4% DMSO and only 4% DMSO respectively in a 5 µl. volume. Pain behavior tests were performed before and at 1, 6, 24, 48 and 72 h after an intrathecal injection. Lumbar intumescentia of mice in each group were harvested to examine the expression level of CB2 by Western blot after pain behavior tests at Days 5, 7, 10 and 14 post-inoculation and 12 h after an intrathecal injection.(1) Pain behavior tests:Mechanical allodynia appeared at Day 7 post-inoculation. The value of PWMT was (1.27 ± 0.28) g (P0.05) and it declined gradually to (0.53 ± 0.20) g at Day 14. The threshold of mechanical hyperalgesia increased to (1.00 ± 0.20) g at 6 h after an intrathecal injection of JWH015, peaked at (1.40 ± 0.39) g at 12 h, became alleviated after 48 h and recovered to the pre-dosing levels at 72 h. Thermal hyperalgesia appeared at Day 10 post-inoculation. The value of PWTL was (16.9 ± 0.4) s (P0.05) at Day 10 and declined to (11.5 ± 0.7) s at Day 14 post-inoculation. The threshold of thermal hyperalgesia increased to (15.7 ± 1.9) g at 6 h after an intrathecal injection of JWH015, peaked at (18.6 ± 2.3) g at 12 h, became alleviated after 48 h and recovered to the pre-dosing levels at 72 h. (2) Western blot: From Day 5 post-inoculation, the ratio of CB2/β-actin increased gradually. Compared with the ratio of 0.190 ± 0.010 at Day 5 post-inoculation, the ratio of CB2/β-actin increased to 0.660 ± 0.010 at Day 14 post-inoculation (P0.05); compared with the ratio of 0.903 ± 0.006 in group D at 12 h after an intrathecal injection of JWH015, the ratio of CB2/β-actin 0.510 ± 0.010 significantly decreased (P0.05).The cannabinoid 2 receptor plays an important role in the formation of bone cancer pain.

To study the impact of screw orientation on the pullout strength of OsteoMed M3 titanium screws in expansive unilateral open-door laminoplasty of the cervical spine.Six fresh human cervical spine specimens were randomly numbered and OsteoMed M3 plate and screws were used for an expansive unilateral open-door laminoplasty. The screws were inserted in the lateral mass at different extraversion angles (0°, 30° and 45°). The maximum pullout strength was tested on the ElectroForce material testing machine.The maximum pullout strength was 81.60∓7.33 N, 150.05∓15.57 N, and 160.08∓17.77 N in extraversion angle 0°, 30°, and 45° groups, respectively. The maximum pullout strength was significantly less in extraversion angle 0° group than in 30° and 45° groups (P0.05), but similar in the latter two groups.The pullout strength of the screws inserted at an extraversion angle over 30° provides stronger fixation than an angle of 0° in the unilateral open-door laminoplasty using OsteoMed M3 titanium plate and screws.

To detect the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in patients with osteoarthritis and investigate their roles in the synovial lesions of osteoarthritis.The expressions of HIF-1α and VEGF in the synovium were detected by immunohistochemical staining in 30 osteoarthritis cases, 20 acute traumatic arthritis cases and 10 normal synovial biopsy samples. The correlation between HIF-1α and VEGF, and their relationships with osteoarthritis were analyzed.The rates of positive expression of HIF-1α and VEGF in osteoarthritis cases were significantly higher than those in acute traumatic arthritis (86.7% vs 60% and 80% vs 48%, P0.05). Normal human synovium showed no positive expressions of HIF-1α and VEGF. HIF-1α expression was positively correlated to VEGF expression in acute traumatic synovitis and osteoarthritis cases, with correlation coefficients of 0.666 and 0.678, respectively.The expressions of HIF-1α and VEGF in the synovial tissue are significantly higher in osteoarthritis cases than in cases of acute traumatic arthritis. They have close relationship in the synovial lesions of osteoarthritis and both contribute to the development of osteoarthritis.