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The experiment explored the effect of rumen lysine (RP-Lys) and methionine (RP-Met) on the growth performance, nutrient apparent digestibility and nitrogen metabolism of Guizhou Guanling calves aged 91~180 days. A total of 36 Guizhou Guanling calves were selected and randomly divided into four groups, with nine replicates in each group and one calf in each replicate. The calves in control group were fed a basal diet (group A), while the group B, group C and group D were supplemented with 15 g/d RP-Lys, 15 g/d RP-Met and 15 g/d RP-Lys+15 g/d RP-Met to the basal diet of each calf, respectively. The trial period was 90 days. The results showed that compared with the control group, the calves in the experimental group demonstrated an increase in average daily weight gain, a decrease in nitrogen excretion in calf feces, and an improvement in the apparent digestibility of crude protein. The study indicates that adding 15 g/d RP-Lys+15 g/d RP-Met to the diet can promote calves growth and development, increase feed conversion rate, and reduce fecal N excretion, and there was no significant effect on the calves physical development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study was conducted to investigate the effect of ruminal lysine (RP-Lys) and methionine (RP-Met) on lactation performance, nutrient apparent digestibility and serum biochemical parameters of Guanling cows. A total of 24 healthy and disease-free Guanling lactating cows with similar body weight, calving time and parity (second parity) were randomly divided into four groups with six replicates in each group and one cow in each replicate. Cows in group A (control group) were fed with a basal diet, and cows in group B, group C, and group D were fed with basal diet supplemented with 15 g/(head ·d) RP-Met, 15 g/(head ·d) RP-Lys, and 15 g/(head·d) RP-Lys + 15 g/(head·d) RP-Met, respectively. The pre-test period was 7 d, and the formal test period was 90 d. The results showed that the average daily milk yield of group d was higher than that of significant group A and group C on 1~30 d and 31~60 d (P<0.05). On 61~90 d, the average daily milk yield of heifers in group d was higher than that in the other groups. On 1~90 d, the average daily gain of calves in group d was significantly higher than that in other groups (P<0.05). The study indicates that adding 15 g/(head·d) RP-Lys + 15 g/(head·d) RP-Met to the diet of Guanling lactating cows has good effect on improving milk yield, milk composition, and growth performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The effectiveness of selective COX-2 inhibitors in preventing colorectal cancer recurrence has been demonstrated, however it is unknown how safe and successful they will be over the long term. As a result, we looked at the efficacy, safety, and consequences of adding COX-2 inhibitors to the treatment plan afterward. Methods: In patients with advanced colorectal cancer, we compared the efficacy of celecoxib at two different doses (200 mg twice day and 400 mg twice daily) with placebo. To evaluate the impacts of post-treatment, several datasets from inception to June 2022 were searched. Response rate, illness control rate, and 3-year survival were the main results. And evaluated several safety outcomes, particularly those that were susceptible to adverse events. Results: The study comprised a total of 9 randomized controlled trials (3206 participants). Celecoxib and rofecoxib doidn't significantly improved the 1–3 year remission rate (OR, 1.57 [95% CI: 0.95–2.57]) and disease control rate (OR, 1.08 [95% CI: 0.99–1.17]). Subgroup analysis of different doses showed that 400 mg of celecoxib significantly improved the response rate (OR, 2.82 [95%CI: 1.20–6.61]). 200 mg celecoxib was not significant (OR, 1.28 [95% CI: 0.66–2.49]). Rofecoxib also did not fully improve disease response rates. Celecoxib at any dose improved 3-year survival (OR, 1.21 [95% CI: 1.02–1.45]). It is important to note that COX-2 inhibitors did not significantly enhance the likelihood of adverse events including gastrointestinal or cardiovascular side effects at any dose. Conclusions: For patients with advanced colorectal cancer, a reasonable chemoprevention regimen can include celecoxib 400 mg twice daily. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The effectiveness of selective COX-2 inhibitors in preventing colorectal cancer recurrence has been demonstrated, however it is unknown how safe and successful they will be over the long term. As a result, we looked at the efficacy, safety, and consequences of adding COX-2 inhibitors to the treatment plan afterward. Methods: In patients with advanced colorectal cancer, we compared the efficacy of celecoxib at two different doses (200 mg twice day and 400 mg twice daily) with placebo. To evaluate the impacts of post-treatment, several datasets from inception to June 2022 were searched. Response rate, illness control rate, and 3-year survival were the main results. And evaluated several safety outcomes, particularly those that were susceptible to adverse events. Results: The study comprised a total of 9 randomized controlled trials (3206 participants). Celecoxib and rofecoxib doidn't significantly improved the 1–3 year remission rate (OR, 1.57 [95% CI: 0.95–2.57]) and disease control rate (OR, 1.08 [95% CI: 0.99–1.17]). Subgroup analysis of different doses showed that 400 mg of celecoxib significantly improved the response rate (OR, 2.82 [95%CI: 1.20–6.61]). 200 mg celecoxib was not significant (OR, 1.28 [95% CI: 0.66–2.49]). Rofecoxib also did not fully improve disease response rates. Celecoxib at any dose improved 3-year survival (OR, 1.21 [95% CI: 1.02–1.45]). It is important to note that COX-2 inhibitors did not significantly enhance the likelihood of adverse events including gastrointestinal or cardiovascular side effects at any dose. Conclusions: For patients with advanced colorectal cancer, a reasonable chemoprevention regimen can include celecoxib 400 mg twice daily. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Kinds of complex-structure wells can effectively improve production, which are widely used. However, in the process of drilling and completion, complex-structure wells with long drilling cycle and large exposed area of reservoir can lead to the fact that reservoir near wellbore is more vulnerable to the working fluid invasion, resulting in more serious formation damage. In order to quantitatively describe the reservoir formation damage in the construction of complex-structure well, taking the inclined well section as the research object, the coordinate transformation method and conformal transformation method are given according to the flow characteristics of reservoir near wellbore in anisotropic reservoir. Then the local skin factor in orthogonal plane of wellbore is deduced. Considering the uneven distribution of local skin factor along the wellbore, the oscillation decreasing model and empirical equation model of damage zone radius distribution along the wellbore direction are established and then the total skin factor model of the whole well is superimposed to realize the reservoir damage evaluation of complex-structure wells. Combining the skin factor model with the production model, the production of complex-structure wells can be predicted more accurately. The two field application cases show that the accuracy of the model can be more than 90%, which can also fully reflect the invasion characteristics of drilling and completion fluid in any well section of complexstructure wells in anisotropic reservoir, so as to further provide guidance for the scientific establishment of reservoir production system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aiming at the problem of low automation and accuracy of semantic segmentation of transmission line point cloud data, an automatic segmentation algorithm of point cloud data that can extract objects such as towers, ground wires, and conductors is proposed based on the spatial feature distribution and edge detection filtering algorithm of the transmission line. The power plant is being tested using cloud data from the overhead power line LiDAR obtained from a drone. The results show that the algorithms proposed in this document have high accuracy and memory. The precision of the tower, conductor, and ground wire is 99.74%, 99.22%, and 97.69%, respectively, and the recall is 95.08%, 100%, and 97.97%, respectively. The classification effect is better than the commonly used automatic classification software of transmission line point cloud. Therefore, it has significant application value for realizing the accurate extraction of power lines and towers in transmission line point cloud data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Local strong seismic activity shows the potential to closely follow a renewal process, which is inconsistent with the overall seismic activity that aligns with the Poisson process. Given that existing methods for synthesizing stochastic seismic event sets cannot control local seismic activity, a method based on Monte Carlo simulations has been developed for synthesizing random seismic event sets where local strong earthquakes satisfy the renewal process. This method can synthesize seismic activities in a statistical area where the overall activity conforms to the Poisson process and the major seismic activities in local potential sources or faults follow the renewal process. This paper presents long- and short-scale approaches. The long-scale earthquake catalogs are suitable for reflecting the sequential characteristics of seismic activities. Meanwhile, the short-scale catalogs focus on the impacts of specific earthquake events within a group for a detailed understanding of hazards under certain conditions, making them suitable for studies on specific earthquake sequences and geological areas or situations requiring high temporal resolution. In the applications of short-scale sequences, we find that the equivalent occurrence rate method may overestimate the seismic hazard. This synthesis method for earthquake catalogs can simulate realistic seismic activities, thereby enhancing the accuracy of hazard analysis results and is suitable for seismic hazard analysis and earthquake insurance rate setting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We utilize molecular dynamics simulations to investigate the microstructures of ions and polyelectrolytes in aqueous solutions under external electric fields. By focusing on the multi-body interactions between ionic components and H2O molecules, as well as their responses to the external electric fields, we clarify several nontrivial molecular features of the ionic and polyelectrolyte solutions, such as the solvations of cations and anions, clustering of the ions, and dispersions/aggregations of polyelectrolyte chains, as well as the corresponding responses of H2O molecules in these contexts. Our simulations illustrate the variations in structures of ionic solutions caused by reversing the charge sign of the ions, and elucidate the disparity in structures between anionic and cationic polyelectrolyte solutions in the presence of the external electric fields. This work clarifies the mechanism for the alternations in complex multi-body interactions in aqueous solutions caused by the application electric field, which can contribute to the fundamental understanding of the physical and chemical natures of ion-containing and charged polymeric systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Circumferential shear horizontal (CSH) guided waves propagate fully parallel to the surface of a pipe and are thus ideal for axial crack detection. At present, systems using EMATs as transmitters and receivers for in-line inspection (ILI) are widely available. Previous circumferential wave inspection methods led to the development of the bare pipe model and considered the impact of a thin coating on attenuation. This paper focuses on the influence of a three-layer polyethylene (3PE) coating on CSH guided wave inspection. A comparison of the guided wave motions between the multilayer hollow cylinder model of a 3PE-coated pipe and the bare pipe model reveals an increase in the number of admissible modes. Experiments were performed on bare and 3PE-coated pipes with axial defects at two typical excitation frequencies that may be feasible for detection. The results show that the defect echo signal is easier to distinguish in the time domain at low frequencies; however, based on the wavelet time–frequency spectrum and a convolutional neural network (CNN), an axial defect in a 3PE-coated pipe can be identified more effectively at a higher frequency. This work considering the effects of a thick coating achieves high-resolution detection and provides insight into the practical automatic inspection of oil and gas pipelines by means of deep learning techniques. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since the 1990 s, sporadic explosion accidents have occurred in the chemical industry. Accidents related to nitrification reactions or nitrification substances have had the most severe consequences. One reason for this phenomenon is the high risk of nitrification by-products, which are liable to combust and explode. Special attention must be paid to the production, collection, storage, and disposal of nitrification by-products. This study examined the thermal stabilities of the phenolic by-products created during nitrobenzene formation. The thermal stabilities of three representative aromatic nitrophenol by-products were determined using differential scanning calorimetry, accelerating rate calorimetry, and thermogravimetric analysis. Advanced thermodynamic models were established for calculation and fitting, which provided reliable data support for exploring the intrinsic stability of nitrification by-products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The high nickel layered oxide cathode LiNio. 8Coo. 1Mn0102 (NCM811) is widely used in new energy power and equipment due to its high density and low cost. However, the NCM811 cathode is prone to structural rupture, dissolution of transition metal ions, and damage to the electrode/electrolyte interface under high voltage, causing degradation of battery performance and safety issues. in this paper, 3-(Trifluoromethyl) benzoylacetonitrile (3-TBL) was selected as a film-forming flame-retardant additive for the NCM811 cathode of the high-voltage lithium-ion battery, and the synergistic effect with lithium difluoro(oxalato) borate enhanced the battery cycle and safety performance. The results show that: 3-TBL is oxidized pre-ferentially more than carbonate solvent to form a stable and dense cathode-electrolyte interface film, which effectively prevents the continuous oxidative decomposition of the electrolyte and enhances the rate of cycling and overcharge resistance of the Li/NCM811 cells under high pressure. Furthermore, the 3-TBL modified electrolyte can also delay the thermal decomposition temperature of the commercial electrolyte and improve its flame retardant properties. Kinetic analysis showed that the additive increased the activation energy required for the thermal decomposition reaction of electrolyte and NCM811 cathode mixture. Therefore, the additives 3-TBL improve the intrinsic safety of the electrolyte and electrolyte interface, providing a feasible idea for the development of high energy density and high safety electrolytes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective. To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of TAS-102 monotherapy and combination therapy with bevacizumab in the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer. Methods. The PubMed, Web of Science, MEDLINE, and Cochrane Library databases were searched for the literature on TAS-102 treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer. Extracted data include median overall survival (mOS), median progression-free survival (mPFS), and the incidence of adverse events for meta-analysis. Results. Our study found that the mOS of patients treated with TAS-102 monotherapy was 6.95 (95% CI: 6.26-7.72) months and the mPFS was 2.53 (95% CI: 2.31-2.78) months. The mOS in patients treated by TAS-102 combined with bevacizumab was 10.41 (95% CI: 8.40-12.89) months, and the mPFS is 4.35 (95% CI: 3.05-6.20) months. In the control experiment, the patients' mOS and mPFS were improved. TAS-102+B vs. TAS-102 (OR = 0.41 , 95% CI: 0.18-0.93; OR = 0.72 , 95% CI: 0.63-0.83) and TAS-102 vs. placebo (OR = 0.44 , 95% CI: 0.29-0.67; OR = 0.51 , 95% CI: 0.42-0.62) were studied to actively prevent the occurrence of neutropenia, leukopenia, febrile neutropenia, anemia, and vomiting. Conclusion. TAS-102 monotherapy and combination therapy with bevacizumab can significantly improve the survival of patients and prevent specific adverse events from happening. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Outbreaks of dengue fever are often found among Dai ethnical communities along China-Myanmar border. The objective of this study was: 1) to investigate residents' health perceptions, knowledge and control willingness to participate in dengue control and 2) to identify factors associated with control willingness among the Dai ethnic community.Methods: This is a mixed method study of a cross-sectional design, in which qualitative in-depth interviews and quantitative household questionnaire surveys are included.Results: Questionnaire was administered to 261 household heads, and in-depth interview was conducted with 18 key informants. Of them, many participants (70%, 182/259) and 12 key informants (66.7%) from the two rural communities believed that the Lord Buddha would protect the good people. Majority of the participants (81.4%, 206/253) knew that fever was one of dengue fever symptoms and most of them (82.2%, 213/259) indicated that mosquitoes could transmit dengue fever. However, only one third of the participants (30.1%, 78/259) indicated the perceived susceptibility of dengue fever, and only a half of them (50.2%, 130/259) indicated the perceived severity of dengue fever. Multivariate logistic analysis (MLA) indicated that the participants with family wealth index (FWI) 4-5 (OR: 22.9728; 95%CI: 2.4257-217.5688, p = 0.0063) were more likely to turn containers upside down (TCUD) compared to those with FWI 1-3; and the participants in the urban community (OR: 0.0239; 95%CI: 0.0019-0.3032, p = 0.004) were less likely to TCUD compared to those in the two rural communities. Around one third of the participants (36.8%, 96/239) reported that they were willing to seek treatment first for dengue fever from public health facilities. The MLA identified that the participants with the perceived severity of dengue fever (OR: 5.0564; 95%CI: 2.0672-12.3683, p = 0.0004), and with beliefs of sound hygiene helpful to people's health (OR: 11.5671; 95%CI: 2.0505-65.2502, p = 0.0055) were more likely to seek treatment first for dengue fever from the public health facilities.Conclusion: The study finds that most of Dai people have sound knowledge. However, health educational interventions should target to promote the perceived susceptibility and the perceived severity of dengue fever among Dai people. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We describe a time-dependent functional involving the relative entropy and the P H1 seminorm, which decreases along solutions to the spatially homogeneous Landau equation with Coulomb potential. The study of this monotone functional sheds light on the competition between dissipation and nonlinearity for this equation. It enables us to obtain new results concerning regularity/ blowup issues for the Landau equation with Coulomb potential. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) is a frequently fatal malignant disease of haematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. The molecular and phenotypic characteristics of AML are highly heterogeneous. Our previous study concluded that CaMKIIγ was the trigger of chronic myeloid leukaemia progression from the chronic phase to blast crisis, but how CaMKIIγ influences AML stem‐like cells remains elusive. In this study, we found that CaMKIIγ was overexpressed in AML patients and AML cell lines, as measured by qRT‐PCR and Western blot assays. Moreover, CaMKIIγ decreased when the disease was in remission. Using an shRNA lentivirus expression system, we established CaMKIIγ stable‐knockdown AML cell lines and found that knockdown of CaMKIIγ inhibited the viability and self‐renewal of AML stem‐like cell lines. Additionally, the ratio of CD34+ AML cell lines decreased, and CaMKIIγ knockdown induced the downregulation of Alox5 levels. We further detected downstream molecules of the Alox5/NF‐κB pathway and found that c‐myc and p‐IκBα decreased while total IκBα remained normal. In conclusion, our study describes a new role for CaMKIIγ as a stem‐like cell marker that is highly regulated by the Alox5/NF‐κB pathway in AML stem‐like cells. CaMKIIγ can participate in the viability and self‐renewal of AML stem‐like cells by regulating the Alox5/NF‐κB pathway. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

After annealing treatments for fcc-Fe/Ir(111) below 600K, the surface layers remain pseudomorphic. The Ir(111) substrate plays an important role on the expanded Fe lattice. At temperatures between 750 and 800K, the surface composition shows a stable state and a c(2×4) structure is observed. We discover a layered structure composed of some Fe atoms on the top of a Fe0.5Ir0.5 interfacial alloy supported on the Ir(111) substrate. The competition between the negative formation heat of Fe0.5Ir0.5 and surface free energy of Fe causes the formation of layered structure. The existence of ferromagnetic dead layer coincides with the formation of fcc-Fe for ultrathin Fe on Fe0.5Ir0.5/Ir(111). For Fe films thicker than three monolayers, the linear increase of the Kerr intensity versus the Fe coverage is related to the growing of bcc-Fe on the surface where the Fe layer is incoherent to the underlying Fe0.5Ir0.5/Ir(111). These results emphasize the importance of the substrate induced strain and layered structure of Fe/Fe0.5Ir0.5/Ir(111) on the magnetic properties and provide valuable information for future applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A first catalytic enantioselective intermolecular radical aminotrifluoromethylation of alkene with hydrazine and Togni's reagent by Cu(I)/CPA cooperative catalysis has been reported, accessing diversely substituted CF3‐containing enantioenriched diarylmethylamines bearing an α‐tertiary stereocenter with high enantioselectivity and excellent chemoselectivity. The highly asymmetric induction of C−N bond formation between hydrazine and the carbocation intermediate was achieved by using a CPA catalyst via hydrogen‐bonding and ion pair interaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Targeted therapy after osimertinib progression improves survival outcomes. • Patients with actionable markers and received matched therapy had better outcomes. • NGS of rebiopsy at osimertinib progression individualizes treatment strategies. • NGS of rebiopsy specimens should be standard-of-care after osimertinib progression. This single-center retrospective cohort study sought to investigate the impact of rebiopsy analysis after osimertinib progression in improving the survival outcomes. Eighty-nine patients with EGFR T790M-positive advanced NSCLC who received second- or further-line osimertinib between January 2017 and July 2019 were included in this study. The co-primary study endpoints were post-progression progression-free survival (pPFS), defined as the time from osimertinib progression until progression from further-line treatment, and post-progression overall survival (pOS), defined as the time from osimertinib progression until death or the last follow-up date. Pairwise analysis revealed that receiving targeted therapy as further-line treatment after osimertinib progression did not statistically improve the pPFS (P = 0.285) or the pOS (P = 0.903) compared to chemotherapy. However, patients who submitted rebiopsy samples at osimertinib progression for histological and molecular analyses, particularly those who had actionable markers and received highly matched therapy, had significantly longer pPFS and pOS as compared to those who received low-level matched therapy (pPFS = 10.0 m vs. 4.1 m, P = 0.005; pOS = 19.4 m vs. 10.0 m, P = 0.023), unmatched therapy (pPFS = 10.0 m vs. 4.7 m, P = 0.009; pOS = 19.4 m vs. 7.0 m, P = 0.001), and those without rebiopsy data (Rebiopsy vs Non-rebiopsy; pPFS = 6.1 m vs. 3.3 m, P = 0.014; pOS = 11.7 m vs. 6.8 m, P = 0.011). Our real-world cohort study demonstrates that integrated histological and molecular analyses of rebiopsy specimens after osimertinib progression could provide more opportunities for individualized treatments to improve the post-progression survival of patients with advanced NSCLC. Our findings provide clinical evidence that supports the inclusion of NGS-based analysis of rebiopsy specimens as standard-of-care after osimertinib progression and warrants further prospective evaluation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The electromagnetic acoustic transducer (EMAT) is widely used in In-Line Inspection of gas pipeline. However, the transduction efficiency of the EMAT transmitter is lower compared with the traditional piezoelectric transducer and needs improving. To enhance the amplitude of the received signal, an improved periodic-permanent-magnet EMAT is provided as well as its construction method to generate shear horizontal guided waves propagating in the circumferential direction. By designing a racetrack coil and magnetic array with the same radian of the annular pipeline, the EMAT is more suitable to generate the circumferential wave in the pipeline. The performance of the EMAT transmitter has been assessed with the validated finite element model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We prove the sharp regularizing estimates for the gain term of the Boltzmann collision operator, including hard sphere, hard potential, and Maxwell molecule models. Our new estimates characterize both the regularization and the convolution properties of the gain term and have the following features. The regularizing exponent is sharp both in the L² based inhomogeneous Sobolev spaces and the homogeneous Sobolev spaces, which is the exact exponent of the kinetic part of the collision kernel. The functions in these estimates belong to a wider scope of (weighted) Lebesgue spaces than the previous regularizing estimates. For the estimates in homogeneous Sobolev spaces, never seen before, we only need functions lying in Lebesgue spaces instead of weighted Lebesgue spaces; i.e., no loss of weight occurs in this case. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Four species in four genera of Dictyopharidae (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha) are recorded from Nepal, including Dictyohimalaya nepalensis Song & Liang, gen. & sp. nov. which is described and illustrated herein, Orthopagus lunulifer Uhler, 1897, Raivuna sp., and Tenguna medogensis Song & Liang, 2007. An identification key to the species of Dictyopharidae currently known from Nepal is provided. The dictyopharid fauna of the country remains poorly studied and further efforts are required to discover its real diversity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Antimicrobial cotton textiles (CT) show great promise for wound dressings. However, modifying CTs to have antimicrobial properties requires balancing the killing of microbes while protecting normal cells. In this study, the surface of CT was modified using maleopimaric acid quaternary ammonium cations (MPA-N+) from rosin acid. The surfaces morphology and chemical composition were determined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), which confirmed that the MPA-N+ modified CT (CT- g -MPA-N+) was prepared. CT- g -MPA-N+ shows strong and broad spectrum antimicrobial activities against Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli , Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus). It also exhibits prominent durability of antimicrobial capability even after soaking in PBS for 6 days, and can effectively inhibit bacterial biofilm formation. Most importantly, the excellent biocompatibility of CT- g -MPA-N+ was verified by hemocompatible and cytotoxic assays. This work is believed to be promising method to prepare antimicrobial cotton textiles by surface modification and suggest the great potential application in wound dressing. • A facile method was used to enhance the antimicrobial properties of cotton textile. • The antimicrobial cotton textile exhibits excellent hemocompatibility and biocompatibility. • This work provides an idea for the incorporation of renewable resources to control the spread of infection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose. To evaluate the technical efficacy and safety of the pull-through technique in recanalization of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) when standard transjugular approach is inaccessible. Materials and Methods. A retrospective review of patients underwent TIPS revision via the pull-through technique was performed. Transhepatic directly punctured stent was conducted if the portal vein could not be accessed via standard transjugular approach. Technical success was defined by recanalization of shunt. Clinical success was defined as bleeding interruption and ascites regression without pharmacological support. All patients were followed up by clinical evaluation and Doppler ultrasound. Results. Between January 2010 and December 2016, a total of 63 patients underwent TIPS revision, and 14 of them could not be accessed via standard transjugular approaches owing to stenosis or occlusion of the hepatic vein. The pull-through technique was successful in 13 patients, and one patient underwent parallel TIPS. No procedure-related complication was observed. One patient died of liver failure one week after the procedure. During the follow-up, three patients developed hepatic encephalopathy, and one patient developed TIPS dysfunction again and experienced variceal bleeding. The primary patency rate after TIPS revision was 92% (11/12) at 12 months. Conclusion. The pull-through technique was effective and safe for recanalization of TIPS inaccessible via standard transjugular approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the significant attention paid to α‐eleostearic acid (α‐ESA) in a variety of biologically beneficial effects, the demand for high‐concentration products is increasing. A method of cryogenic separation to predict the mass variation of α‐ESA from tung oil was established in this study. The results showed that the best α‐ESA crystallization condition was −20 °C in ethanol, which implied a low energy consumption when compared with the common crystallization temperature of −60 °C. The α‐ESA concentration in the liquid phase was reduced by 90.4% compared to tung oil, and most of the α‐ESA in the solution was recovered by mass transfer. On the other hand, a mathematical model based on the diffusion reaction theory is used in mass variation prediction. The effects of temperature and time on the mass variation in α‐ESA in solution crystallization were examined. The results showed that the proposed model could estimate the composition and total mass of winterized tung oil at R2=0.974. The model was validated by experiments with an error of ±10%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We consider the local well-posedness for 3-D quadratic semilinear wave equations with radial data: ... It has been known that the problem is well-posed for s = 2 and ill-posed for s < 3/2. In this paper, we prove unconditional well-posedness up to the scaling invariant regularity, that is to say, for s > 3/2 and thus fill the gap which was left open for many years. For the purpose, we also obtain a weighted fractional chain rule, which is of independent interest. Our method here also works for a class of nonlinear wave equations with general power type nonlinearities which contain the space-time derivatives of the unknown functions. In particular, we prove the Glassey conjecture in the radial case, with minimal regularity assumption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Porous wicks are a key component of loop heat pipes (LHPs). In order to enhance the antigravity and long-distance operation ability of the LHP, a porous wick is required to have the characteristics of high permeability and high capillary suction capability. In this paper, biporous wicks were prepared by salt dissolution pore-forming technology, and a gas resistance testing platform and a capillary suction testing platform were setup to test the samples. The current research studies the effects of different pore-forming agent mass ratios (10%, 30%, and 40%) and different cold pressing pressures (30 kN, 40 kN, 50 kN, and 60 kN) on the porosity, permeability, and the suction speed. The study finds that the porosity, permeability, and the total suction mass of the porous wicks all increase when the NaCl mass increases; the increase of the suction speed is proportional to the increase of the porosity and the permeability, and hence, proportional to the increase of NaCl mass. The total suction mass and suction speed is inversely proportional to cold pressing pressure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To reduce the airline accident risk probability, this paper proposes a new airline safety assessment method based on fuzzy mathematics and Bayesian networks (BN). Herein, we construct a safety assessment system encompassing five aspects— namely maintenance quality, aircraft technical state, environmental effects, emergency rescue, and safety management— and establish a BN model based on this safety assessment system. The fuzzy mathematical and statistical analyses are used to obtain the prior probabilities, and the data training function in GeNIe2.1 is used to obtain the conditional probabilities. Finally, we apply our method to an unspecified airline. The results indicate that the risk probability was 0.826 for the airline to have an excellent safety status in January 2018; this value was 0.886 according to fault tree analysis (FTA). In addition, by using vertical and horizontal analyses, we investigate the factors affecting airline safety. Thus, our BN-based method is more efficient than FTA because compared with FTA, the BN has the advantages, such as polymorphism and accuracy, particularly in detecting the most risky factors in a complex model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

CdS films prepared via chemical bath deposition exhibit extremely good performance as a buffer layer of chalcogenide solar cells. However, their commercial application is very limited because of the production of a large amount of wastewater containing cadmium. In this study, we develop an efficient way to prepare CdS films using the spin-coating technique. The spin solution is anhydrous, and the oxygen content can be well controlled by changing the Cd/S content ratio in the solution. The crystal structure, morphology, and optical and electrical properties of CdS films with different Cd/S content ratios are characterized. The effect of the oxygen content on the device performance is investigated. We find that the introduction of an appropriate amount of oxygen can improve the carrier transport efficiency by decreasing the interface recombination. The spin-coated CdS films have good coverage of the substrate for film thicknesses below 50 nm. By the optimizing of Cd/S content ratio, we achieve an improved efficiency of 5.76% for the Sb 2 Se 3 solar cells. This preparation technique is sufficiently simple for large-scale processing and produces much less wastewater containing cadmium; thus, it is promising for application to future large-scale solar cell production. [Display omitted] • High quality Cd(S,O) film is prepared by spin-coating. • Oxygen content is controllable. • Cd(S,O) film has a good coverage. • It produces much less waste water containing cadmium than CBD. • The efficiency of Sb 2 Se 3 reaches to 5.76%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP) stands as a rare and locally aggressive soft tissue tumor, characterized by intricated molecular alterations. The imperative to unravel the complexities of intratumor heterogeneity underscores effective clinical management. Herein, we harnessed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) to conduct a comprehensive analysis encompassing samples from primary sites, satellite foci, and lymph node metastases. Rigorous preprocessing of raw scRNA-seq data ensued, and employing t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding (tSNE) analysis, we unveiled seven major cell populations and fifteen distinct subpopulations. Malignant cell subpopulations were delineated using infercnv for copy number variation calculations. Functional and metabolic variations of diverse malignant cell populations across samples were deciphered utilizing GSVA and the scMetabolism R packages. Additionally, the exploration of differentiation trajectories within diverse fibroblast subpopulations was orchestrated through pseudotime trajectory analyses employing CytoTRACE and Monocle2, and further bolstered by GO analyses to elucidate the functional disparities across distinct differentiation states. In parallel, we segmented the cellular components of the immune microenvironment and verified the presence of SPP1+ macrophage, which constituted the major constituent in lymph node metastases. Remarkably, the CellChat facilitated a comprehensive intercellular communication analysis. This study culminates in an all-encompassing single-cell transcriptome atlas, propounding novel insights into the multifaceted nature of intratumor heterogeneity and fundamental molecular mechanisms propelling metastatic DFSP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights • We model the system with the Semi-Markov process theory and the renewal point technique. • A efficient algorithm based on set partition method is presented. • The transient and the steady-state reliability indices are explicitly obtained. • The steady-state availability is unrelated with arbitrary initial condition is demonstrated. Abstract With the shortage of nonrenewable energy, renewable energy resources play an important role in practice. One of the most promising renewable energy is viewed as solar energy resources due to its cleanliness and the inexhaustibility. However, the quantitative assessment method on the reliability of a complicated solar energy generating system has been a considerable challenge. In this paper, we propose a Markov model to imitate a solar energy generating system with inverters in series, unreliable by-pass change-over switches, and common cause failure. Employing the renewal point technique and the Semi-Markov process theory, we build the quantitative reliability models of the system. Further, we develop a new algorithm to obtain the explicit form solution of reliability indices. An example illustrates that the proposed models and the algorithm are efficient and concise. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract The combined application of Grignard/Reformatsky addition and the titanocene-catalyzed umpolung α-amino carbon-carbon bond formations provided a flexible and versatile protocol for preparation of multifunctional pyrrolidinones/piperidinones/ N -Boc-piperidines bearing aza-quaternary carbons (AQC) from cyclic imides and analogues. Based on these multifunctional single-ring motifs, several advanced AQC-bearing heterocycles, such as AQC-possessing indolizidines and 1-azaspirocycles, have been constructed efficiently. Graphical abstract Image 1 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to develop a facile synthesis process of porous starch wall materials from purple sweet potato (PSP) for microencapsulation via enzymatic treatment. The optimum extraction conditions of purple sweet potato starch (PSP-S) were first attained by an orthogonal experiment. Response surface methodology was performed through the enzymatic hydrolysis of PSP-S using an α-amylase and glucoamylase complex to optimize the process parameters for the production of porous starch. Optimal reaction conditions were: the mass ratio (w/w) of glucoamylase to α-amylase of 6.39, amount of substrate of 19.5 g, and amount of enzymes of 0.53%. The surface morphology, microstructure, and thermal stability of the obtained samples were characterized with scanning electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared, and thermogravimetric analyses, respectively. The purple sweet potato porous starch (PSP-PS) had a stable oil adsorption capacity, and the molecular structure and thermal stability of porous starch were not substantially different from those of native starch. This study offers a simple yet efficient approach to produce fully biodegradable food-based porous materials for potential applications in oil microencapsulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new, metal-free I2-catalyzed oxidative tandem annulation of 1,6-enynes by employing tert-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) as the oxidant and the oxygen atom resource for the synthesis of 1H-cyclopropa-[b]naphthalene-2,7-diones is developed. This reaction allows the formation of three new chemical bonds through selective radical addition across the C≡C bond and tandem cyclization cascades, which features a broad 1,6-enyne scope and excellent chemo- and diastereoselectivities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A robust superhydrophobic surface coated with copper stearate (CS) and Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles was prepared on stainless steel mesh (SSM) by dip-coating method for oil/water separation. The superhydrophobicity of CS@Fe 3 O 4 SSM was found to be superior to that of SSM coated with bare CS because of the enhanced surface roughness by Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles. The CS@Fe 3 O 4 SSM shows good performance in water repellency, self-cleaning property, long-term storage, mechanical and chemical stability. And it is capable of separating various immiscible oil/water mixtures even in extreme environments (such as highly acidic, alkaline, and salty solutions) with the separation efficiency > 98% and excellent recyclability. Furthermore, various surfactant-stabilized water-in-oil emulsions were successfully separated by the CS@Fe 3 O 4 SSM due to its good superhydrophobic and superoleophilic properties as well as dense hierarchical micro/nanostructure. The preparing approach of CS@Fe 3 O 4 SSM presented in this work is facile, inexpensive and environment-friendly, which enables the CS@Fe 3 O 4 SSM to be applied in actual oil/water separation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We fabricated robust superhydrophilic or superhydrophobic films on porous copper substrates including copper mesh and copper foam for various oil/water separations. By simple acid etching and replacement reaction, a composite film comprised of copper and silver (denoted as Cu@Ag) with superhydrophilic and underwater superoleophobic properties was prepared. After modification with n-dodecanethiol (DDT), the superhydrophobic and superoleophilic film (denoted as Cu@Ag@DDT) with excellent mechanical stability and chemical stability was then obtained. Both the Cu@Ag coated mesh and the Cu@Ag@DDT coated mesh exhibited efficient separation for various immiscible oil/water mixtures. Importantly, the Cu@Ag coated foam and the Cu@Ag@DDT coated foam respectively realized the separation of surfactant-stabilized oil-in-water and water-in-oil emulsions because of the combination of their opposite wettability for water and oils and individual cage-like structure. The facile strategy presented here provides a novel approach for diverse oil/water separations in practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A mild and general visible light photoredox catalysis-induced intermolecular three-component alkene 1,2-diarylation involving aryl C(sp2)–H functionalization is described. The key to controlling the chemoselectivity toward alkene 1,2-diarylation is the employment of a 2,2′-bipyridine base, thus allowing the formation of two new C(sp3)–C(sp2) bonds via aryl radical formation from aryldiazonium salts, addition across the C=C bonds, and aryl C(sp2)–H functionalization cascades. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A current sourced bi-directional wireless power transfer (WPT) system is proposed to solve the problems that exist in the bi-directional WPT for vehicle-to-grid (V2G) systems. These problems include the fact that these systems are not safe enough, the output power is limited and the control methods are complicated. Firstly, the proposed system adopts two different compensation and control methods on both the primary and secondary sides. Secondly, based on an AC impedance analysis, the working principle is analyzed and the parameter configuration method with frequency stability is given. In order to output a constant voltage, a bi-directional DC/DC circuit and a controllable rectifier bridge are adopted, which are based on the "constant primary current, constant secondary voltage" control strategy. Finally, the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed methods are verified by experimental results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Molecular typing for RHCE blood group alleles has been established in many countries for patients and blood donors. In the Chinese literature nearly 80% of transfused patients with alloimmunization have antibodies specific for antigens of the Rh blood group system. We investigated if it is feasible to match packed red blood cells (RBCs) for Chinese β-thalassemia patients by RHCE genotyping. Methods: In this study, 481 patients with β-thalassemia were enrolled. They were genotyped for RHCE alleles by a simple PCR method with sequence-specific primers (PCR-SSP). Among these patients, 203 continuously received RBCs of the identical Rh subgroups according to the genotyping results for at least 3 months. Subsequently, their phenotypes were tested through a micro-column gel card method. For validation purposes, 400 donors were serologically typed with the same technology, of which 164 were genotyped too. Finally, the C, c, E, and e frequencies and the feasibility of the simple genotyping method were analyzed. Results: All patients showed mixed-field agglutination in the Rh subgroup gel cards before the same Rh subgroups in blood donors were selected for blood transfusion. The results, however, lacked mixed-field agglutination in all 203 cases after transfusion with RBC concentrates selected for the patient's C, c, E, and e antigens for at least 3 months. The genotyping results of 164 donors were all consistent with the serological results. Whole coding regions of RHCE were sequenced in 7 individuals with weak c, E, or e antigens. In only one sample we observed a 1059G>A nucleotide mutation coding for a truncated RhCE polypeptide (GenBank KT957625), in the other 6 samples no sequence variant was found. Both patients and donors were predominantly CcEe and CCee, with a prevalence of 55.3% and 24.9% for patients or 49.3% and 31.3% for donors, respectively. It revealed that about 80% of Chinese could receive Rh-matched RBCs easily. Conclusion: A simple RHCE genotyping technique is safe enough for Rh-matched transfusion of β-thalassemia patients in Chinese Han. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A novel filter paper (FP) with superhydrophobicity and superoleophilicity was prepared via adsorption and immersion process for the separation of surfactant-stabilized water-in-oil emulsions. The realization of superhydrophobicity with a water contact angle of 153° benefits from the Cu(OH) 2 nanostructure formed on FP and subsequent stearic acid (STA) modification. The three-dimensional network of FP as well as superhydrophobic and superoleophilic property can facilitate the demulsification of emulsified oil, thus the only gravity-driven separations of various water-in-oil emulsions with high oil flux and good recyclability have been achieved. The superhydrophobic FP can be massively applied in emulsion separation due to its facile preparation and superior performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The density function theory is used to explore the structures of alkyl-thiolate (RS, R=CH3, CF3) monolayer on the Cu(111) surface. By performing the total energy calculations for RS at three possible adsorption sites (fcc, hcp, bridge) with five different coverages (1/12, 1/9, 1/6, 1/4, 1/3), we obtained the stable adsorption configurations of the Cu-RS system. Especially, the effect of Van der Waals interaction on the adsorption configurations was studied by the DFT-D2 method. The work functions for Cu-RS (R=CH3, CF3) systems were calculated, we find that the CH3S adsorbed on the Cu(111) surface decreases the metal work function remarkably, and the work functions strongly depend on the coverage. In the case of the Cu-CF3S system, the results are just the opposite. Thus, controlling the kind and coverage of the surface adsorbates would be an effective technique to tune the work function of the metal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a clean fuel, LNG has been used in heavy vehicles widely in China. Before reaching the engine for combustion, LNG store in a high vacuum multi-layer thermal insulation tank and need to be evaporated from its cryogenic state to natural gas. During the evaporation, the available cold energy of LNG has been calculated. The concept has been proposed that the separated type heat pipe technology is employed to utilize the available cold energy for automotive air-conditioning. The experiment has been conducted to validate the proposal. It is found that it is feasible to use the separated type heat pipe to convey the cold energy from LNG to automotive air-conditioning. And the cooling capacity of the automotive air-conditioning increase with the LNG consumption and air flow rate increasing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The flow of working liquid from condensing section to evaporative section, driven by capillary pressure in grooved microchannels, plays a dominate role in heat transfer for a grooved heat pipe. To enhance the capillary flow and thermal performance, gradient wettability surfaces inside grooved heat pipes were fabricated by the alkali assistant oxidation technique. The tests of thermal performance demonstrated a maximum decrease of 92.6% in thermal resistance by fabricating a wettability gradient (CA = 20°–85°) in the adiabatic section inner surface of a grooved heat pipe compared with the untreated copper heat pipe. A mathematical model with nth power function of wetting gradient profile was proposed to predict quantitatively the liquid flow velocity in rectangular microchannels inside the grooved heat pipe driven by capillary force and an extra driving force due to the surface wettability gradient. Both experimental and theoretical results show that the relative error between the predicted increase of flow velocity and experimental enhancement of thermal performance due to the gradient wettability in grooved heat pipes is less than 17.5%, indicating rationality of the proposed model. The model prediction further demonstrates an optimal n order within 0.5–1 for the power function of the wetting gradient profiles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The straightforward functionalization of simple alkanes (simple alkanes refer particularly to cyclohexane derivatives) has been a challenging subject in modern chemistry. However, with the development of oxidative radical reaction, it provided an available and alternative approach to meet the requirement of activating these compounds. In the review, we summarized the recent advances in this field, and the review mainly contained the following four parts: (1) the formation of C-C bonds; (2) the formation of C-N bonds; (3) the formation of C-S bonds and (4) the formation of C-O bonds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using large sample data from the 2013 National College Graduate Employment Survey, this article compares and analyzes differences in the job-seeking process and results for college students with urban and rural household registrations and uses a measurement model to explore factors affecting the starting salaries of college students. The research found that in the job seeking results, college students with urban household registrations had higher starting salaries than did college students with rural household registrations, and a greater proportion of college students with urban household registrations entered the main labor market. An overall analysis of the job seeking process shows that compared to college students with rural household registrations, college students with urban household registrations first showed a greater inclination to choosing management and technical professions. Furthermore, they obtain better quality positions by investing more economic resources, making more effective use of information channels, and using less time for job seeking. Finally, a study of the factors impacting starting salaries found that gender factors have a greater impact on college students with urban household registrations, the contribution rate of academic degrees toward starting salary is greater for college students with rural household registrations, and the intergenerational transmission of extent of education and income is more significant for graduates with urban household registrations. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

A g-C 3 N 4 /BiVO 4 composite photocatalyst with enhanced photocatalytic activity and photoelectrochemical (PEC) performance was fabricated via a simple synthesis method with BiVO 4 nanofibers as starting material. The materials were characterized with different techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), N 2 absorption–desorption isotherm (BET) and photoluminescence spectroscopy (PL). The results showed that this synthesis method is effective to make a composite. The photocatalytic evaluation indicates that the photocatalytic activity of the g-C 3 N 4 /BiVO 4 photocatalyst for methylene blue (MB) was about 8 and 7 times higher than that of pure BiVO 4 and g-C 3 N 4 , respectively. This should be due to the enhanced light harvesting ability and to the effective electron transfer during the photocatalytic reaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

CuWO 4 @Cu 2 O film was prepared on copper mesh by a one-step electrochemical anodization method for efficiently separating oil/water mixtures and photodegrading organic pollutants in the water phase. The as-prepared mesh displayed superhydrophilicity and good underwater superoleophobicity due to the hierarchical cauliflower-like structure. The mesh possessed high separation efficiency up to 99.3% for oil/water separation. During the oil/water separation process, water passed through the mesh rapidly by gravity, while oils stayed above due to its underwater superoleophobicity. After the separation, the mesh could be used for degrading the aqueous pollutant in the separated water phase under visible light illumination, which significantly amplifies the utilization of solar energy. Methylene blue and rhodamine B were successfully photodegraded by the as-prepared mesh in the presence of Na 2 S 2 O 8 with a maximum degradation efficiency of 96.4%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Superhydrophilic and underwater superoleophobic titania nanowires (TNWs) films on Ti substrates were fabricated via a facile low temperature and short time-consuming route. The hierarchical one-dimension nanowires morphology with considerable roughness of the films led to the water permeation in air and oil repellency in water. Not only in pure water, the as-prepared TNWs films also exhibited excellent underwater superoleophobicity in corrosive aqueous media, including highly saline, acidic and alkaline solutions. Importantly, the surface of the TNWs films may keep the wetting properties and morphologies after immersed into corrosive solutions for 168 h, indicating the good environmental stability. The TNWs film prepared on Ti mesh showed good oil/water separation ability with a separation efficiency of high up to 99.7%. During the oil/water separation process, water passed through the mesh rapidly by gravity, while oils stayed above the mesh due to its superoleophobicity. We envision that the TNWs films with good underwater superoleophobicity may provide a candidate not only for oil/water separation but also in many other potential applications such as underwater oil manipulation, self-cleaning, bioadhesion control and fluidic devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Temperature change of liquid stratification for LNG tank is more complex; therefore, it is necessary to carry out temperature field analysis of liquid stratification for LNG tank, and the orthogonal ridgelet finite element method is constructed by combining the traditional finite element method and orthogonal ridgelet transformation. Firstly, the basic characteristics of orthogonal ridgelet transform are studied. Secondly, the theory models of liquid stratification of LNG tank are studied. Thirdly, the temperature field analysis model of liquid stratification orthogonal ridgelet finite element for LNG tank is constructed. Finally, the temperature field analysis of liquid stratification of LNG tank is carried out, and the temperature changing rules of liquid stratification for LNG tank are obtained based on the traditional finite element method, B-spline wavelet finite element method, orthogonal ridgelet finite element method, and field test, and comparison of results shows that the orthogonal ridgelet finite element method has highest computing precision and efficiency. In addition, the effect of leakage heat intensity on time of rolling caused by liquid stratification of LNG tank is obtained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The stress-strain behavior of concrete can be improved by providing a lateral passive confining pressure, such as fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) wrapping. Many axial stress-strain models have been proposed for FRP-confined concrete columns. However, few models can predict the stress-strain behavior of confined concrete columns with more than two specified cross-sections. A stress-strain model of FRP-confined concrete columns with cross-sectional unification was developed in this paper based on a database from the existing literature that includes circular, square, rectangular and elliptical concrete columns that are highly confined by FRP jackets. Using the database, the existing theoretical models were evaluated. In addition, the ultimate stress and strain models with cross-sectional unification were proposed using two parameters: the cross-sectional aspect ratio and corner radius ratio. The elliptical cross-section can be considered as a rectangular one with a special corner radius for the model calculations. A simple and accurate model of the equivalent corner radius ratio for elliptical columns was proposed. Compared to the other existing models and experimental data, the proposed models show good performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

K + ions were incorporated into Ca 4.75 (PO 4 ) 3 Cl: 0.05Eu 2+ , 0.2Mn 2+ Phosphors, which has a significant effect on the photoluminescence properties of phosphors. With increasing the K + concentration (x value) in Ca 4.75− x K x (PO 4 ) 3 Cl: 0.05Eu 2+ , 0.2Mn 2+ ( x =0-0.15), the emission intensity of Eu 2+ increases and reaches its maximum value at the x =0.1, and then decreases for the higher K + concentrations, which can be explained by charge compensations and crystal lattice strain relaxing. The results show a potential for increasing the emission intensity of Ca 4.75 (PO 4 ) 3 Cl: 0.05Eu 2+ , 0.2Mn 2+ phosphors by properly doping K + ions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]