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Background As the most basic unit of infectious disease prevention and control, community health service institutions are the frontline and important gateway for the prevention and control of infectious disease. Primary care physicians are responsible for epidemic surveillance, vaccination, health promotion and assistance to centers for disease control in investigating and disposing outbreaks and public health emergencies in their districts, and play an active role in disease prevention and control by groups, susceptible population protection, infectious source control and health education, as well as the effective prevention and control of infectious diseases. Objective To understand the ability of primary care physicians to diagnose and treat infectious diseases in the community, analyse their existing problems and shortcomings, design and conduct a series of intensive training related to infectious diseases for improving the capacity of infectious disease prevention and control at the primary level; To evaluate the effectiveness of online continuing medical education, so as to provide a reference for better continuing medical education on infectious diseases in the community. Methods All participants of the National Community Infectious Diseases Continuing Education Conference held by the Department of Family Medicine of the University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital in November 2021 were selected as research subjects from November 2021 to March 2022. The questionnaires were distributed to all registered attendees before and after the conference through the QR code of the questionnaire star, and the content of pre-conference questionnaire included demographic characteristics of the participants, participation in infectious disease training in the community since started working, diagnosis and treatment of infectious diseases in the community, subjective attitudes towards the prevention and control of infectious diseases in the community (willingness to manage infectious diseases in the community, satisfaction with their own infectious disease management skills), expertise in infectious disease prevention and control and knowledge related to conference content, attitude towards hepatitis B. The content of the post-conference questionnaire mainly included knowledge about the content of conference, attitude towards hepatitis B and satisfaction survey of this online conference. A total of 301 primary care physicians completed the questionnaire before and after the conference, and a total of 194 completed the questionnaire before and after the conference. Results Among all participants, 166 (55.1%) had attended infectious disease training in the community, of whom 49 (29.5%) were satisfied with their infectious disease diagnosis and treatment ability; 135 (44.8%) had not attended the training, of whom 22 (16.3%) were satisfied with their infectious disease diagnosis and treatment ability. 143 (86.1 %) of 166 participants who had attended infectious disease training in the community indicated their willingness to manage community infectious diseases, 99 (73.3%) of 135 participants who had not attended infectious disease training in the community indicated their willingness to manage community infectious diseases. 66 (27.3%) of participants who were satisfied with their infectious disease diagnosis and treatment ability indicated their willingness to manage community infectious diseases. The top three infectious disease tests conducted by the institutions were hepatitis B, AIDS, and hepatitis C; the top three infectious diseases treated in the past six months were hepatitis B, influenza, hand, foot and mouth disease. Different self-evaluation and willingness to train may affect the willingness to manage community infectious diseases (P

Emission models of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from individual indoor building materials have been developed and validated. However, multiple indoor building materials release VOCs simultaneously, and neither single building material nor multiple building material emission models can predict the entire release cycle of VOCs accurately. This study established a long- and short-term numerical prediction model for indoor VOC concentration. The model includes an attenuation coefficient θ. To describe the decay rate of the total VOC content, which is mainly influenced by time, and by designing experiments and testing in environmental warehouses under different seasonal conditions, the value of θ was first obtained. Then, after successfully plotting the emission curve of indoor pollutant concentration over time through numerical solution and using θ, the VOC content was corrected for various seasonal conditions. On the basis of this model, an exposure dose integration algorithm was proposed to evaluate the environmental health risks, as an application of this model. In comparison with previous research results and experimental data, this model has better predictive performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sexual health is an important component of human health. Ignoring, misunderstanding and having misconceptions of sexual health will greatly impair people's quality of life. Owing to the concept of holistic health in general medicine, influence of biopsychosocial model of health, and family as a vital unit of care, and adherence to protecting patient privacy as a professional responsibility, general practitioners (GPs) have obvious advantages in offering sexual health services. However, more efforts are needed to strengthen the promotion of sexual healthcare knowledge popularization, sexual health screening, and sexual problem diagnosis and treatment in primary care of China. To provide support for Chinese GPs to deliver sexual health services, Department of General Medicine, the University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, has pioneered in providing sexual health services and exploring new service delivery models using actions such as constructing a sexual health service team and a genital examination skills workshop, carrying out the consultation about sexual history, and developing a standard diagnostic and therapeutic procedure for sexualproblems.

Soil contamination with heavy metals is a significant environmental issue that adversely affects plant growth and agricultural productivity. Biochar and microbial inoculants have emerged as a promising approach to solving this problem, and previous studies have focused more on the remediation effects of single types of materials on heavy metal soil pollution. This study examined the impact of both standalone and combined applications of distiller's grains biochar, Lactobacillus plantarum thallus, and the bacterial supernatant on the availability of cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn) in soil, its physicochemical features, and its enzyme activities; this study also examined the growth, physiological and biochemical characteristics, and heavy metal accumulation of Sorghum-sudangrass. The findings suggest that the application of distiller's grains biochar, Lactobacillus plantarum thallus, and the bacterial supernatant can improve the soil's physical and chemical properties and enhance soil enzyme activity while reducing the availability of heavy metals in the soil. Furthermore, the addition of these materials promoted plant growth, increased stress resistance, and significantly decreased the accumulation of heavy metals in the plants. A thorough analysis of the results shows that applying 0.025% Lactobacillus plantarum thallus along with 4.4% distiller's grains biochar produced the best results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pollutants such as formaldehyde, benzene series compounds and total volatile organic compounds (TVOC) released by residential interior decoration activities (including household renovation and new furniture) pose a severe threat to children's respiratory health. To study the effect of indoor decoration on children's respiratory diseases and provide suggestions to prevent it, we conducted a cross-sectional questionnaire survey amongst 6547 preschoolers from 34 kindergartens in Chongqing, China, and selected 39 houses to measure their indoor air pollutants concentrations. The results showed that household decoration, during pregnancy and early childhood, would increase the risk of children's rhinitis, asthma and pneumonia. Vacancy time after the completion of decoration, furniture pieces and decoration materials significantly affected the concentration of formaldehyde, xylene and TVOC, which could pose a potential risk to children's respiratory health. The concentration of xylene and TVOC and the incidence of children's asthma and pneumonia were both negatively correlated with the vacancy time. Decoration materials such as composite and ceramic tile/stone/cement flooring and water-based/latex/oil-based paints emit more gaseous pollutants than solid wood flooring and wallpaper, respectively, which were more likely to increase the risk of children's respiratory diseases. Adequate ventilation and air purification can reduce the impact of home decoration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aiming to clarify the effect of Lactobacillus plantarum combined with distiller's grains biochar on lead, cadmium and zinc complex contaminated soil, a pot experiment was conducted to investigate soil effective heavy metal concentration, plant growth, and heavy metal accumulation in the Sorghum hybrid sudangrass. The results revealed that single application of distiller's grains biochar, Lactobacillus plantarum thallus, Lactobacillus plantarum supernatant, and combined application of distiller's grain biochar and Lactobacillus plantarum thallus could significantly reduce the content of available Cd, Pb, and Zn in soil (P