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23. Consideration of Dental Tissues and Composite Mechanical Properties in Secondary Caries Development: A Critical Review.

Author

Gauthier, Rémy, Aboulleil, Hazem, Chenal, Jean-Marc, Chevalier, Jérôme, Colon, Pierre, and Grosgogeat, Brigitte

Subjects
DENTAL materials, TISSUE mechanics, DENTAL enamel, FLUID flow, DENTIN
Abstract

Different kinds of interactions between the restorative material and mineralized dental tissues result in secondary caries around dental composites. Of these, the mechanical interactions have to be carefully investigated. Due to the elastic mismatch between dental tissues and the composite restoration, complex stresses and strains develop at their interface. This complex mechanical environment disturbs the demineralization-remineralization equilibrium of dental hard tissues. The fluid flow both over and within enamel and dentin, associated with their complex ultrastructure and mechanical behavior, is a key factor. It is known that external mechanical loading can indirectly promote the dissolution of enamel and dentin through a pumping action of cariogenic fluids in and out of microgaps at the interface between mineralized tissues and composite. Mechanical loading can also directly influence the physicochemical behavior of dental hard tissues by inducing complex strain and stress fields on the crystal scale. It is important to consider both the direct and indirect paths by which mechanical loading can influence the apatite dissolution kinetics. Therefore, a systematic approach should be used to investigate the mechanism of secondary caries formation considering the tooth-composite interface as a unique complex in which each element has an influence on the other. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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37. High-performance polyamides with engineered disorder

Author

Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament de Ciència i Enginyeria de Materials, Candau, Nicolas, Galland, Sylvain, Cretenoud, Julien, Balog, Sandor, Michaud, Véronique, Chenal, Jean Marc, Lame, Olivier, Plummer, Christopher J. G., Frauenrath, Holger, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament de Ciència i Enginyeria de Materials, Candau, Nicolas, Galland, Sylvain, Cretenoud, Julien, Balog, Sandor, Michaud, Véronique, Chenal, Jean Marc, Lame, Olivier, Plummer, Christopher J. G., and Frauenrath, Holger

Abstract

The extraordinary property profiles of many biological materials derive from their hierarchical structure and control of order and disorder at different length scales. Application of these concepts to the design of synthetic polymers may provide new routes to lightweight materials that combine high stiffness, strength, and toughness. Here, we use high-temperature reactive melt extrusion to introduce aliphatic substitutional defects into a high-performance semiaromatic copolyamide that are able to conform to the dominant crystalline phase. This allows us to generate microstructural disorder while maintaining or even increasing the macroscopic degree of crystallinity, and hence engineer a strain-induced phase transformation in the resulting polyamides that results in an increase in chain extension along the tensile axis in the crystalline regions. The yield stress and stiffness consequently remain comparable to those of the base semiaromatic polyamide, but the strain-to-failure and tensile toughness increase more than five-fold. Tailoring the concentration and distribution of microstructural defects is hence a straightforward and powerful strategy for optimizing performance in semicrystalline polyamides., Peer Reviewed, Postprint (author's final draft)

Published
2021

41. High-performance polyamides with engineered disorder

Author

Candau, Nicolas, primary, Galland, Sylvain, additional, Cretenoud, Julien, additional, Balog, Sandor, additional, Michaud, Véronique, additional, Chenal, Jean-Marc, additional, Lame, Olivier, additional, Plummer, Christopher J. G., additional, and Frauenrath, Holger, additional

Published
2021
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46. Corrigendum. Linear and nonlinear viscoelastic properties of segmented silicone-urea copolymers: Influence of the hard segment structure (vol 186, 122041, 2020)

Author

Falco, Guillaume, Simonin, Leo, Pensec, Sandrine, Dalmas, Florent, Chenal, Jean-Marc, Bouteiller, Laurent, Chazeau, Laurent, Matériaux, ingénierie et science [Villeurbanne] (MATEIS), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire (IPCM), Chimie Moléculaire de Paris Centre (FR 2769), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Paris - Chimie ParisTech-PSL (ENSCP), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Ecole Superieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles de la Ville de Paris (ESPCI Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[PHYS]Physics [physics]
Published
2020
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47. Vieillissement hygrothermique d’un aérogel de silice, évolution des propriétés mécaniques en lien avec les changements de structure et de chimie

Author

Chal, Bruno, Foray, Geneviève, Roiban, Lucian, Masenelli-Varlot, Karine, Chenal, Jean-Marc, and Yrieix, Bernard

Abstract

Dans un contexte de réduction des dépenses énergétiques et des émissions de gaz à effet de serre (COP 21, plan climat), la rénovation des enveloppes thermiques du bâti est une étape indispensable (500 000 logements/an à rénover). Dans cette perspective, les superisolants thermiques (PIV, SIPA) viennent en appui des solutions conventionnelles (laine de verre/de roche, PSE, PU...). Ils présentent une faible conductivité thermique (3-20 mW/(m.K)) permettant d’isoler à moindre épaisseur, un atout indispensable en rénovation. Ces solutions, reposant majoritairement sur des silices nanostructurées (poudre ou aérogel), connaissent néanmoins deux freins à leur développement, le manque de connaissance sur la durabilité de ces matériaux et le prix des systèmes commercialisés. Du fait de leurs propriétés structurelles (200 m²/g < SSA < 850 m²/g ; porosité > 92%; nano-pores) et chimiques, ces silices sont susceptibles, dans certaines conditions d'exposition (T, HR), de subir un vieillissement thermo-hygrique pouvant éventuellement dégrader leurs propriétés fonctionnelles. Cette étude vise ainsi à comprendre les mécanismes propres aux vieillissements des silices afin d’optimiser les solutions., Academic Journal of Civil Engineering, Vol 36 No 1 (2018): Special Issue - RUGC 2018 St Etienne

Published
2019
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48. Engineering polymers with improved charge transport properties from bithiophene-containing polyamides

Author

Özen, Bilal (author), Candau, Nicolas (author), Temiz, C. (author), Grozema, F.C. (author), Fadaei Tirani, Farzaneh (author), Scopelliti, Rosario (author), Chenal, Jean Marc (author), Plummer, Christopher J.G. (author), Frauenrath, Holger (author), Özen, Bilal (author), Candau, Nicolas (author), Temiz, C. (author), Grozema, F.C. (author), Fadaei Tirani, Farzaneh (author), Scopelliti, Rosario (author), Chenal, Jean Marc (author), Plummer, Christopher J.G. (author), and Frauenrath, Holger (author)

Abstract

Polymer semiconductors show unique combinations of mechanical and optoelectronic properties that strongly depend on their microstructure and morphology. Here, we have used a model π-conjugated bithiophene repeat unit to incorporate optoelectronic functionality into an aliphatic polyamide backbone by solution-phase polycondensation. Intermolecular hydrogen bonding between the amide groups ensured stable short-range order in the form of lamellar crystalline domains in the resulting semiaromatic polyamides, which could be processed from the melt and exhibited structural and thermomechanical characteristics comparable with those of existing engineering polyamides. At the same time, however, pulse-radiolysis time-resolved microwave conductivity measurements indicated charge carrier mobilities that were an order of magnitude greater than previously observed in bithiophene-based materials. Our results hence provide a convincing demonstration of the potential of amide hydrogen bonding interactions for obtaining unique combinations of mechanical and optoelectronic properties in thermoplastic polymers., Accepted Author Manuscript, ChemE/Opto-electronic Materials

Published
2020
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49. Engineering polymers with improved charge transport properties from bithiophene-containing polyamides

Author

Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament de Ciència i Enginyeria de Materials, Özen, Bilal, Candau, Nicolas, Temiz, Cansel, Grozema, Ferdinand C., Fadaei Tirani, Farzaneh, Scopelliti, Rosario, Chenal, Jean Marc, Plummer, Christopher J. G., Frauenrath, Holger, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament de Ciència i Enginyeria de Materials, Özen, Bilal, Candau, Nicolas, Temiz, Cansel, Grozema, Ferdinand C., Fadaei Tirani, Farzaneh, Scopelliti, Rosario, Chenal, Jean Marc, Plummer, Christopher J. G., and Frauenrath, Holger

Abstract

Polymer semiconductors show unique combinations of mechanical and optoelectronic properties that strongly depend on their microstructure and morphology. Here, we have used a model p-conjugated bithiophene repeat unit to incorporate optoelectronic functionality into an aliphatic polyamide backbone by solution-phase polycondensation. Intermolecular hydrogen bonding between the amide groups ensured stable short-range order in the form of lamellar crystalline domains in the resulting semiaromatic polyamides, which could be processed from the melt and exhibited structural and thermomechanical characteristics comparable with those of existing engineering polyamides. At the same time, however, pulse-radiolysis time-resolved microwave conductivity measurements indicated charge carrier mobilities that were an order of magnitude greater than previously observed in bithiophene-based materials. Our results hence provide a convincing demonstration of the potential of amide hydrogen bonding interactions for obtaining unique combinations of mechanical and optoelectronic properties in thermoplastic polymers., Peer Reviewed, Postprint (author's final draft)

Published
2020

50. Composites organiques-inorganiques pour la substitution et la réparation osseuse : concepts, premiers résultats et potentialités Organic-inorganic composites for bone substitute and bone repair applications: concepts, first results and potentialities

Author

Peroglio Marianna, Ginsac Nathalie, Chevalier Jérôme, Gremillard Laurent, Meille Sylvain, Chazeau Laurent, Gauthier Catherine, and Chenal Jean-Marc

Subjects
Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), TA1-2040
Abstract

Ce document présente un très bref aperçu de l'intérêt des matériaux composites organique – inorganique pour la substitution et la réparation osseuse. Deux types de composites sont présentés. Dans une première partie, des matériaux poreux en céramique ou bio-verre élaborés par la technologie des poudres sont imprégnés par un polymère. Cette imprégnation se traduit par une forte augmentation de l'énergie à la rupture du squelette céramique, permettant de limiter le risque de rupture fragile. L'augmentation des propriétés mécaniques des substituts osseux céramiques par une phase polymère peut être mise en regard des mécanismes de renforcement présents dans l'os et du rôle du collagène sur la ténacité de celui-ci. Dans une deuxième partie, des composites denses sont élaborés par des technologies de plasturgie, qui permettent de réaliser des produits de formes complexes. Les phases polymères et céramiques sont ici choisies pour leurs caractères respectifs résorbable et ostéo-inducteur. Ces composites permettent la création rapide d'hydroxyapatite à leur surface et accélèrent la guérison osseuse. A terme, ils sont résorbés. Ces deux exemples démontrent les potentialités de tels multi-matériaux architecturés pour la réalisation de substituts osseux plus résistants mécaniquement et apportant de nouvelles fonctionnalités, ainsi que pour la production de produits d'ostéosynthèse favorisant les processus de guérison osseuse. Here we show a brief outline of organic-inorganic composites for bone substitute and bone repair applications. Two types of composites are presented. In a first strategy, porous ceramics and bioactive glasses processed by sintering methods are impregnated by a polymer. The strong improvement of the mechanical properties of the ceramic scaffolds by a polymer phase can be linked to the one present in bone with the role of collagen on bone toughness. In a second strategy, a bioresorbable polymer and an osteo-inductive glass-ceramic in the form of fillers are chosen to process bone repair devices by polymer technologies (injection). The two examples presented show that architecture, multi-functional inorganic-organic composites can be processed for the development of devices able to improve bone regeneration processes.

Published
2013
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