Search

Specificity and efficiency of plant virus transmission depend largely on protein-protein interactions of vectors and viruses. Cucurbit chlorotic yellows virus (CCYV), transmitted specifically by tobacco whitefly, Bemisia tabaci, in a semi-persistent manner, has caused serious damage on cucurbit and vegetable crops around the world. However, the molecular mechanism of interaction during CCYV retention and transmission are still lacking. CCYV was proven to bind particularly to the whitefly foregut, and here, we confirmed that the minor coat protein (CPm) of CCYV is participated in the interaction with the vector. In order to identify proteins of B. tabaci that interact directly with CPm of CCYV, the immunoprecipitation (IP) assay and DUALmembrane cDNA library screening technology were applied. The cytochrome c oxidase subunit 5A (COX), tubulin beta chain (TUB) and keratin, type I cytoskeletal 9-like (KRT) of B. tabaci shown strong interactions with CPm and are closely associated with the retention within the vector and transmission of CCYV. These findings on whitefly protein-CCYV CPm interactions are crucial for a much better understanding the mechanism of semi-persistent plant virus transmission by insect vectors, as well as for implement new strategies for effective management of plant viruses and their vector insects.

Eusocial insects can employ various behavioural and physiological disease defences to avoid, resist and tolerate pathogen infections in their closely related and packed colonies, termed social immunity. Recent studies have shown that several molecules serve insect social immunity, including chemical odours, insect venoms, immune-related proteins, etc. However, whether and how microRNAs (miRNAs), whose precursors are processed by Dicer-1, drive social immunity in insect colonies is still unknown. Here, we used a ‘host–pathogen’ system (host: Reticulitermes chinensis; pathogen: Metarhizium anisopliae) to explore the impact of miRNAs on social immunity in termite colonies. We found that RNAi-mediated silencing of Dicer-1 led to decreased miRNA concentration, significantly inhibited carbohydrate and energy metabolism and affected other life processes, such as the immune response and oxidation–reduction reactions, in whole body of the termite. In behavioural defence, silencing Dicer-1 significantly diminished defensive social behaviours such as locomotion, grooming, cannibalism and burial in termite groups when encountering fungal contamination. In physiological defence, Dicer-1 silencing and miR-71-5 stimulation resulted in significantly decreased antifungal activities of termites. Furthermore, both Dicer-1-silenced and miR-71-5 stimulant-treated termite groups exhibited a high level of mortality during fungal contamination. Our findings demonstrated the important role of miRNAs in shaping social immunity in termite colonies, providing insights necessary to understand the potential mechanisms underlying behavioural and physiological disease defences in insects and hence laying the groundwork for miRNA-based pest control.

The selective synthesis and transformation of Borromean rings and [2]catenane, are presented based on linear/aromatic conjugated ligands through different stacking interactions, promoting nonradiative transitions and trigger photothermal conversion.

In recent years,deep learning has been widely used in image super-resolution reconstruction.To solve the problems of inadequate feature extraction,loss of details and gradient disappearance in super-resolution reconstruction methods based on deep learning,a deep recursive residual neural network model based on channel attention is proposed for single image super-resolution reconstruction.The proposed model constructs a simple recursive residual network structure by residual nested networks and jump connections to deepen the network and speed up its convergence while avoiding network degradation and gradient problems.An attention mechanism is introduced into the feature extraction part to improve the discriminant learning ability of the network for more accurate and more effective extraction of deep residual features,which is combined with the subsequent reconstruction network with parallel mapping structure to ensure the final accurate reconstruction.Quantitative and qualitative assessments are performed on benchmark dataset Set5,Set14,B100 and Urban100 at the magnification of 2,3 and 4 times by comparison with the mainstream methods.Experimental results show that the objective index values of the proposed method increase significantly compared to the comparative methods on all four test data sets.Among them,compared with the interpolation method and the SRCNN algorithm,the average PSNR improves 3.965dB and 1.56dB,3.19dB and 1.42dB,2.79dB and 1.32dB,respectively,at the magnification of 2,3 and 4 times.Visual effects show that the proposed method can recover image details better.

Understanding the origin of intrinsic lattice thermal conductivity in crystalline solids is critical to research fields ranging from thermoelectric materials to thermal barrier coatings. This work ...

Seafood traceability is an important means of ensuring the quality of local seafood. Jellyfish are an important edible resource with a large yield on a global scale. Different species of pickled jellyfish, a traditional Chinese food, cannot be differentiated solely from the appearance of the product due to its special processing methods. In this paper, two species of jellyfish, R. esculentum and S. meleagris, were identified by PCR-RFLP technique. The genetic identification of the jellyfish R. esculentum and S. meleagris was based on PCR amplification of a common 651 bp fragment of the 16S rRNA gene, followed by digestion of four restriction enzymes, Hind III, Hpa I, Xho I and Dra I, respectively. The results showed that the two species of fresh jellyfish could be identified clearly, as could the pickled R. esculentum. To verify this result, PCR-RFLP was applied to authenticate four kinds of commercial pickled jellyfish. The electrophoretogram clearly showed that R. esculentum and S. meleagris were easily and accurately authenticated. This PCR-RFLP system has the potential to become an effective method for identifying the jellyfish products from Liaoning Province of China.

The purpose of the present study was to explore the antioxidant activity of organic extracts from Maillard reaction products (MRPs) of sea cucumber (Stichopus japonicus) gut hydrolysates (SCGHs). The SCGHs were obtained after treatment with neutrase, and they were then reacted with ribose at a mass ratio of 1:2, pH 8.0, and 95 °C for up to 12 h. The MRPs were extracted by methanol and ethanol. The methanol extracts of the MRPs had a higher UV absorbance, browning intensity, and fluorescence intensity than the crude MRPs. The scavenging capacities of methanol and ethanol extracts from MRPs in both 2′,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH) assays increased significantly (p

For seeking high enantiopurity, the previously reported thermal asymmetric catalysis is usually carried out at low temperature sometimes with limited yield, that is, the high enantiomeric excess (ee) usually at the cost of high yield. Thus, the achieving both high stereoselectivity and yield is an enormous challenge. We report herein two metal nanoparticle (M NP)-loaded and porphyrin-containing homochiral covalent organic framework (CCOF)-based composite catalysts, and their application in the thermally-driven asymmetric one-pot Henry and A3-coupling reactions. All the reactions are conducted at elevated temperatures with both excellent stereoselectivity and yield which resulted from the synergy of CCOF confinement effect and M NP catalytic activation. Notably, the needed thermal energy for the asymmetric reactions herein is derived from the photothermal conversion via porphyrin-based CCOF upon irradiation with visible light. Remarkably, the CCOF confinement effect can be effectively maintained up to 100 °C for the asymmetric one-pot Henry and A3-coupling reactions herein., Achieving both high stereoselectivity and yield is a challenge for conventional asymmetric catalysis. Here, the authors report two metal nanoparticle-loaded and porphyrin-containing homochiral covalent organic framework-based composite catalysts that exhibit high stereoselectivity and yield in the thermally-driven asymmetric reactions.

Herein, two new organometallic triprisms catalytic systems, 1, 2 were successfully constructed by the reaction of edge arm units E1, E2 and a tridentate ligand 4, 4′, 4''-(1H-imidazole-2, 4, 5-triyl) tripyridine (L1), respectively through the coordination-driven self-assembly strategy at room temperature. The structural configuration of triprisms 1 and 2 were determined by X-ray crystallography in combination with NMR spectroscopy. And a carefully structural analysis shows that there exists an obvious and ordered supramolecular pockets based on accumulation effect of these discrete triprisms, which could accommodate appropriate guest molecules by space effect and supramolecular interactions including hydrgen bonding and hydrophobic interactions. Interestingly, anthracene (ANT) molecules could be wrapped in the confined pockets to form stable ANT@1 complex in solution, which could be confirmed forcefully by UV–vis and 1H NMR spectra. Notably, when the ANT@1 was irradiated in methanol under UV light of 365 nm, a new set of NMR peaks appeared, well matching these signals of di-paraanthracene, clearly demonstrating the occurrence of [4 + 4] cycloaddition reaction. This research provides a new idea for photodimerization of ANT into di-paraanthracene.

Aims Postmenopausal osteoporosis is a bone metabolism disease that is caused by an imbalance between bone-resorbing osteoclast and bone-forming osteoblast actions. Herein, we describe the role of troxerutin (TRX), a trihydroxyethylated derivative of rutin, in ovariectomy (OVX)-induced osteoporosis and its effects on the regulation of osteoclasts and osteoblasts. Main methods In vivo, OVX female mice were intraperitoneally injected with either saline, 50 mg/kg TRX, or 150 mg/kg TRX for 6 weeks and then sacrificed for micro-computed tomography analyses, histological analyses, and biomechanical testing. In vitro, RAW264.7 cell-derived osteoclasts and MC3T3-E1 cell-derived osteoblasts were treated with different concentrations of TRX to examine the effect of TRX on osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption, as well as on osteogenesis and mineralization. Key findings In this study, we demonstrated that TRX prevented cortical and trabecular bone loss in ovariectomized mice by reducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting osteogenesis in vivo. In vitro, TRX inhibited the formation and activity of RAW264.7-derived osteoclasts and the expression of nuclear factor of activated T-cells 1 and cathepsin K. Meanwhile, TRX improved the osteogenesis and mineralization of MC3T3-E1 by enhancing the expression of Runt-related transcription factor 2, Osterix, and collagen type 1 alpha 1. Significance Our data demonstrated that TRX could prevent OVX-induced osteoporosis and be used in a novel treatment for postmenopausal osteoporosis.

Background and Purpose Aseptic prosthesis loosening, caused by wear particles, is one of the most common causes of arthroplasty failure. Extensive and over-activated osteoclast formation and physiological functioning are regarded as the mechanism of prosthesis loosening. Therapeutic modalities based on inhibiting osteoclast formation and bone resorption have been confirmed to be an effective way of preventing aseptic prosthesis loosening. In this study, we have investigated the effects of sophocarpine (SPC, derived from Sophora flavescens) on preventing implant loosening and further explored the underlying mechanisms. Experimental Approach The effects of SPC in inhibiting osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption were evaluated in RANKL-induced osteoclast formation in vitro. A rat femoral particle-induced peri-implant osteolysis model was established. Subsequently, micro-CT, histology, mechanical testing and bone turnover were used to assess the effects of SPC in preventing implant loosening. Key Results In vitro, we found that SPC suppressed osteoclast formation, bone resorption, F-actin ring formation and osteoclast-associated gene expression by inhibiting NF-κB signaling, specifically by targeting IκB kinases (IKKs). Our in vivo study showed that SPC prevented particle-induced prosthesis loosening by inhibiting osteoclast formation, resulting in reduced periprosthetic bone loss, diminished pseudomembrane formation, improved bone-implant contact, reduced bone resorption-related turnover, and enhanced stability of implants. Inhibition of NF-κB signaling by SPC was further confirmed in vivo. Conclusion and Implications Our data demonstrated that SPC can prevent implant loosening through inhibiting osteoclast formation and bone resorption. Thus,SPC might be a novel therapeutic agent to prevent prosthesis loosening and for osteolytic diseases.

Aseptic loosening is the most common complication of joint replacement. Previous studies showed that acrylic bone cement loaded with a commercially-available alendronate powder (APAC) had good promise against wear debris-mediated osteolysis for prevention of aseptic loosening. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of adding alendronate powder to an acrylic bone cement on quasi-static mechanical properties (namely, compressive strength, compressive modulus, tensile strength, and flexural strength), fatigue life, porosity, and microstructure of the cement. The results showed that adding up to 1 wt./wt.% alendronate powder exerted no detrimental effect on any of the quasi-static mechanical properties. However, the fatigue life of APAC decreased by between ~17% and ~27 % and its porosity increased by between ~ 5-7 times compared with corresponding values for the control cement (no alendronate powder added). Fatigue life was negatively and significantly correlated with porosity. Considering that fatigue life of the cement plays a significant role in joint replacement survival, clinical use of APAC cannot be recommended.

Solvent effects on photophysical and photochemical properties of mono-biotinylated curcumin (mbt-Cur) in comparison with curcumin (Cur) were studied. Same with Cur, mbt-Cur dominantly adopts ‘enol-keto’ configuration in all solvents stabilized by intramolecular H-bond. In non-protic solvents, the photophysical properties of mbt-Cur depend on the solvent polarity parameter Δf. In H-bond solvent methanol, dramatic deviation of all photophysical properties from the correlation established in non-H-bond solvent occurred. H-bond capability of solvent was found to determine the excitation dynamic mechanism of mbt-Cur at a microsecond timescale. This research laid the foundation for further application of mbt-Cur in biological systems.

Maillard reaction products (MRPs) were produced in sea cucumber gut hydrolysates (SCGHs)-ribose system at 75°C, 85°C, and 95°C with a pH value of 7.0 or 8.0 for 12 hour. The parameters of amount of...

We have investigated the electronic transport properties of Sn-phthalocyanine (SnPc) by using nonequilibrium Green's functions in combination with the density functional theory. The results show that, the spin-up/spin-down PDOS peak at 0.74 eV of SnPc will firstly move toward to the Fermi level and then be away from the Feimi level as the Sn atom is pulled out. A transform from spin-down filter to spin-up filter can be observed in parallel configuration due to spin flipping introduced by structural reorganization. While in anti-parallel configuration, the band structures of the two electrodes will play the dominant role in the electron properties of SnPc. The spin filter type conversion can be realized by pulling the Sn atom out of the SnPc or flipping the magnetic field of one electrode.

We investigate the effects of embedded magnetic atoms on the edge states and spin-dependent transport properties of zigzag 6, 6, 12-graphyne nanoribbon (6, 6, 12-Z GYNRs) using non-equilibrium Greens functions combined with density-function theory. The results show that spin splitting occurs when doping magnetic atoms in the natural “holes” of the 6, 6, 12-Z GYNRs. Particularly, the half-metallicity can be achievable by the magnetic doping of the Co atom, which originates from the reversion of magnetic moment of edge carbon atoms induced by the coupling between the edge and the impurity states. Furthermore, in such doped nanoribbons, a high spin-filtering effect in rather wide bias range is found, opening a huge possibility in spintronics device applications.

It has been identified that arginine vasopressin (AVP), vasopressin receptor 2(V2R), and the aquaporin 2 (AQP2) signaling pathway in the inner ear play important roles in hearing and balance functions through regulating the endolymph equilibrium; however, the contributions of this signaling pathway to the development of motion sickness are unclear. The present study was designed to investigate whether the activation of the AVP-V2R-AQP2 signaling pathway in the inner ear is involved in the induction of motion sickness and whether mozavaptan, a V2R antagonist, could reduce motion sickness. We found that both rotatory stimulus and intraperitoneal AVP injection induced conditioned taste aversion (a confirmed behavioral index for motion sickness) in rats and activated the AVP-V2R-AQP2 signaling pathway with a responsive V2R downregulation in the inner ears, and AVP perfusion in cultured epithelial cells from rat endolymphatic sacs induced similar changes in this pathway signaling. Vestibular training, V2R antagonist mozavaptan, or PKA inhibitor H89 blunted these changes in the V2R-AQP2 pathway signaling while reducing rotatory stimulus- or DDAVP (a V2R agonist)-induced motion sickness in rats and dogs. Therefore, our results suggest that activation of the inner ear AVP-V2R-AQP2 signaling pathway is potentially involved in the development of motion sickness; thus, mozavaptan targeting AVP V2Rs in the inner ear may provide us with a new application option to reduce motion sickness. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Motion sickness affects many people traveling or working. In the present study our results showed that activation of the inner ear arginine vasopressin-vaspopressin receptor 2 (V2R)-aquaporin 2 signaling pathway was potentially involved in the development of motion sickness and that blocking V2R with mozavaptan, a V2R antagonist, was much more effective in reducing motion sickness in both rat and dog; therefore, we demonstrated a new mechanism to underlie motion sickness and a new candidate drug to reduce motion sickness.

A new homochiral BINAPDA-Zr-MOF was prepared by a new chiral organic linker of (R)-4,4'-(6,6'-dichloro-2,2'-diethoxyl-[1,1'-binaphthalene]-4,4'-diyl)dibenzoic acid (R-L) and ZrCl4 under solvothermal conditions. Its structure was determined by Pawley refinement on the basis of the measured PXRD pattern determined for BINAPDA-Zr-MOF, and it showed that the obtained chiral MOF crystallized in the F23 space group with the same topological structure as that of UiO-66. The obtained BINAPDA-Zr-MOF can be a very active catalyst to catalyze aldehyde cyanosilylation. In addition, the chiral BINAPDA-Zr-MOF was a typical solid catalyst, which was proved by a hot leaching test; moreover, it could be reused at least five times without loss of its catalytic activity and enantioselectivity.

The proteolysis in muscle tissues of sea cucumber Stichopus japonicus (sjMTs) was characterized. The proteins from sjMTs were primarily myosin heavy chains (MHCs), paramyosin (Pm), and actin (Ac) having a molecular mass of approximately 200, 98, and 42 kDa, respectively. Based on SDS-PAGE analysis and quantification of trichloroacetic acid (TCA)-soluble peptides released, degradation of muscle proteins from sjMTs was favorable at pH 5 and 50°C. Proteolysis of MHCs was mostly inhibited by cysteine protease inhibitors, including trans-epoxysuccinyl-L-leucyl-amido (4-guanidino) butane (E-64) and antipain (AP). E-64 and AP completely inhibited the degradation of Pm and Ac, while iodoacetic acid showed a partially inhibitory effect. These results indicated that the proteolysis of sjMTs was mainly attributed to cysteine proteases. Avoidance of setting the tissues at 40-50°C and slightly acidic condition and inhibition of cysteine proteases are helpful for decreasing sea cucumber autolysis.

This study aimed to investigate the expression of the immediate-early response 5 (IER5) gene in cervical cancer tissues and explore the association between the expression of IER5 and the clinical outcomes of radiotherapy. We collected specimens by surgery or biopsy and obtained 53 specimens from tissues after radiotherapy and 16 specimens from tissues before radiotherapy. Immunohistochemistry and western blotting were used to assess the protein expression levels of IER5. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was performed to assess the mRNA expression levels of IER5. The protein and mRNA expression levels of IER5 in cervical cancer patients treated with radiation doses ≥20 Gy were significantly higher than in those treated with radiation doses

Background Postoperative squeaking in patients who applied the fourth-generation ceramic bearing in primary hip replacement has not been reported systematically; we aim to study the squeaking incidence in the fourth-generation ceramic bearing and related risk factors for squeaking, and we also attempt to explore the relationship between squeaking and prosthetic brands. Methods The PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane library were searched, and 14 articles were finally included. Patients’ demographic data, surgical-related information, and prosthesis data were extracted. The occurrence rate of squeaking was calculated by meta-analysis, and subgroup analysis was performed based on prosthetic brands and follow-up time. Regression analysis was further applied to investigate the relationship between various risk factors and squeaking. Results The squeaking incidence in patients with the fourth-generation ceramic bearing was 3%. Age, gender, body mass index, and abduction and anteversion angles of acetabular cup might have no influence on squeaking. The squeaking incidence was significantly high with the presence of Delta Motion cup (DePuy, Warsaw, Indiana) and Secure-Fit stem (Stryker, Kalamazoo, MI), and the overall incidence of DePuy femoral stem was relatively small except for the Summit femoral stem. And there was no significant difference of squeaking incidence between less than 5-year and more than or equal to 5-year follow-up subgroups. Conclusions In our study, squeaking in the fourth-generation ceramic bearing occurred at a rate of 3%; occurrence rate was high when the Delta Motion cup was applied. We hope for more relevant researches to focus on this issue. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13018-018-0841-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Condensation of benzene-1,3,5-tricarbohydrazide with benzene-1,4-dicarboxaldehyde generated a new covalent organic framework, COF-ASB (1), in which the organic units are held together via hydrazone linkage to form porous frameworks. COF-ASB (1) is highly crystalline and displays good chemical and thermal stability and is permanently porous. In addition, 1 can be an ideal support to load Ru nanoparticles (Ru NPs) to generate Ru@COF-ASB (2). The obtained composite material is able to highly promote one-pot tandem synthesis of imine products from benzyl alcohols and corresponding amines under solvent-free conditions in air.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Aseptic prosthesis loosening, caused by wear particles, is one of the most common causes of arthroplasty failure. Extensive and over‐activated osteoclast formation and physiological functioning are regarded as the mechanism of prosthesis loosening. Therapeutic modalities based on inhibiting osteoclast formation and bone resorption have been confirmed to be an effective way of preventing aseptic prosthesis loosening. In this study, we have investigated the effects of sophocarpine (SPC, derived from Sophora flavescens) on preventing implant loosening and further explored the underlying mechanisms. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH: The effects of SPC in inhibiting osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption were evaluated in osteoclast formation, induced in vitro by the receptor activator of NF‐κB ligand (RANKL). A rat femoral particle‐induced peri‐implant osteolysis model was established. Subsequently, micro‐CT, histology, mechanical testing and bone turnover were used to assess the effects of SPC in preventing implant loosening. KEY RESULTS: In vitro, we found that SPC suppressed osteoclast formation, bone resorption, F‐actin ring formation and osteoclast‐associated gene expression by inhibiting NF‐κB signalling, specifically by targeting IκB kinases. Our in vivo study showed that SPC prevented particle‐induced prosthesis loosening by inhibiting osteoclast formation, resulting in reduced periprosthetic bone loss, diminished pseudomembrane formation, improved bone‐implant contact, reduced bone resorption‐related turnover and enhanced stability of implants. Inhibition of NF‐κB signalling by SPC was confirmed in vivo. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS: SPC can prevent implant loosening through inhibiting osteoclast formation and bone resorption. Thus, SPC might be a novel therapeutic agent to prevent prosthesis loosening and for osteolytic diseases.

Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) is one of the FGF family members that is produced mainly by tissues with high metabolic activity such as liver, pancreas, muscle and adipose tissue. The major function of FGF21 is to improve insulin sensitivity, ameliorate hepatic steatosis and enhance energy expenditure. Recently, several studies have reported a correlation between FGF21 and liver disease with numerous cross-sectional studies demonstrating significant correlation. This review will focus on the role of FGF21 in the pathogenesis of liver disease and its potential role as a biomarker and a new target for therapeutic intervention.This review discusses cross-sectional studies and underlying mechanisms of FGF21 as an endocrine hormone in several liver diseases. Two major theories of 'endoplasmic reticulum stress' and 'FGF21 resistance' in particular are explained. Moreover, early functional detection and pharmacological effect of FGF21 for liver disease are also described.FGF21 can be a promising treatment in liver disease. However, still several problems are needed to be answered. The most important are whether different liver disease share common underlying mechanisms and the pharmacological effect in human with limited studies. Further studies are needed to explain the underlying mechanisms and develop potential therapeutic effect for human liver disease.

As a measure of demand-side management, efficiency power plant (EPP) can save energy and bring economic and environmental benefits to the power system, although the widely used EPP technology may have negative effect on both power system stability and operation costs. The concept of EPP and its related characteristics such as capacity, output curve, and cost were introduced, and a probabilistic production simulation model based on the equivalent energy function (EEF) method was established to analysis the impact and benefits of EPP. With a numerical example, a result is found that EPP can not only improve the reliability and load rate of power system, thus reducing the social costs of power outage, but also reduce the total production and operating costs of power system.

Integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) is an efficient, low-pollution clean coal power generation technology and efficient use of IGCC technology is helpful to realize clean conversion and comprehensive utilization of coal resources in China. This paper analyzed the factors that influence the power supply efficiency of IGCC power plants, determined assessment model for power supply efficiency of IGCC power plants. Then based on IGCC power plant construction specific data including power supply efficiency, combining the general technical and economic evaluation of the project, the technical and economic evaluation step of IGCC plant was determined. The economic evaluation of IGCC power plant was carried out as well as sensitivity analysis in terms of static total investment, utilization hours and standard coal tax price. The results showed that introduced IGCC of 40 megawatt had higher tariff and utilization hours had maximum impact on tariff.

In-stent restenosis (ISR) remains the most common complication of percutaneous coronary intervention. Due to shared risk factors, it is postulated that non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) patients have an increased risk of ISR. This study aimed to determine the association between NAFLD and ISR in patients after bare metal stenting. This study included a cohort of 210 consecutive patients (150 men and 60 women) undergoing follow-up angiography. The primary end-point was angiographic ISR. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify independent risk factors for ISR. The cumulative ISR rate during follow-up was analyzed by Kaplan-Meier method. Subgroup analyses were also done for different gender. The ISR rate was 29.5%. Patients with NAFLD had a significantly higher prevalence of ISR than patients without NAFLD (43.3 vs. 16.0%, P < 0.001). In logistic regression analysis, NAFLD was associated with increased ISR, independent of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, body mass index (adjusted odds ratio: 2.688, 95% confidence intervals: 1.285-5.537, P < 0.001). Male NAFLD patients had a higher prevalence of ISR than patients without NAFLD (48.4 vs. 15.3%, P < 0.001), while the prevalence of ISR in female patients with and without NAFLD were comparable (7.7 vs. 17.0%, P = 0.404). Kaplan-Meier analysis showed a significant association between NAFLD and ISR in all patients (log-rank P = 0.008) and in male subgroup (log-rank P = 0.033), but not in female subgroup (log-rank P = 0.313). This preliminary study suggests that NAFLD could independently associate with a high prevalence of ISR, especially in male patients.