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Supercapacitors with high power density, ultralong lifespan and wide range operating temperature have drawn significant attention in recent years. However, monitoring the state of charge in supercapacitors in a cost-effective and flexible way is still challenging. Techniques such as transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction can analyze the characteristics of supercapacitor well. But with large size and high price, they are not suitable for daily monitoring of the supercapacitors’ operation. In this paper, a low cost and easily fabricated fiber-optic localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) probe is proposed to monitor the state of charge of the electrode in a supercapacitor. The Au nanoparticles were loading on the fiber core as LSPR sensing region. In order to implant the fiber in the supercapacitor, a reflective type of fiber sensor was used. The results show that this tiny fiber-optic LSPR sensor can provide online monitoring of the state of charge during the charging and discharging process in situ. The intensity shift in LSPR sensor has a good linear relationship with the state of charge calculated by standard galvanostatic charging and discharging test. In addition, this LSPR sensor is insensitive to the temperature change, presenting a great potential in practical applications.

This paper presents an interested area visible watermark algorithm for digital color image based on internet. By converting color image from RGB to HSI and using the original image information to obtain the watermark coefficient, the algorithm embeds watermark on the spatial domain and selects the interested area by clicking on the picture. By visiting the site (http://dgdz.ccee.cqu.edu.cn/watermark/watermarkb.aspx) and uploading the original image and watermark image, the color image with the visible watermark can be gained on web. Experimental results show that the algorithm has only a little influence on the original image and the image of watermark is clearly visible. It is very suitable for obvious identification of the copyright from digital image through Internet.

SUMMARY The dynamic balance between the self‐renewal and differentiation of stem cells in plants is precisely regulated by a series of developmental regulated genes that exhibit spatiotemporal‐specific expression patterns. Several studies have demonstrated that the WOX family transcription factors play critical roles in maintaining the identity of stem cells in Arabidopsis thaliana. In this study, we obtained amiR‐WOX9 transgenic plants, which displayed terminating prematurely of shoot apical meristem (SAM) development, along with alterations in inflorescence meristem and flower development. The phenotype of amiR‐WOX9 plants exhibited similarities to that of wus‐101 mutant, characterized by a stop‐and‐go growth pattern. It was also found that the expression of WUS in amiR‐WOX9 lines was decreased significantly, while in UBQ10::WOX9‐GFP transgenic plants, the WUS expression was increased significantly despite no substantial alteration in meristem size compared to Col. Therefore, these data substantiated the indispensable role of WOX9 in maintaining the proper expression of WUS. Further investigations unveiled the direct binding of WOX9 to the WUS promoter via the TAAT motif, thereby activating its expression. It was also found that WUS recognized identical the same TAAT motif cis‐elements in its own promoter, thereby repress self‐expression. Next, we successfully identified a physical interaction between WOX9 and WUS, and verified that it was harmful to the expression of WUS. Finally, our experimental findings demonstrate that WOX9 was responsible for the direct activating of WUS, which however was interfered by the ways of WUS binding its own promoter and the interaction of WUS and WOX9, thereby ensuring the appropriate expression pattern of WUS and then the stem cell stability. This study contributes to an enhanced comprehension of the regulatory network of the WOX9‐WUS module in maintaining the equilibrium of the SAM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lithium metal anodes tend to form non-uniform Li deposition that causes dendrite growth during cycling. Meanwhile, the deposition and dissolution of lithium metal often results in the continuous formation and breakdown of the SEI. Additionally, the use of thick lithium metal often results in an excessive inventory of lithium, which diminishes the energy advantage of lithium metal. Fabricating thin lithium foils is challenging owing to the low mechanical strength of lithium metal. To address these issues, we employed an in situ structural regulation strategy to prepare high-performance lithium metal batteries. The mechanical strength of the prepared LiF@LiZn10/Li foil was significantly enhanced, allowing it to be thinned down to a thickness of 5 μm, accompanied with great air stability. Moreover, the in situ formation of LiZn alloys improved Li-deposition behavior. Furthermore, we demonstrated the participation of LiF particles in the in situ formation of the SEI, which facilitated Li+-transport kinetics. The LiF@LiZn10/Li electrode demonstrated significantly enhanced cycling performance by synergistically improving Li-deposition behavior and optimizing the SEI layer in situ. The LiF@LiZn10/Li foil electrode exhibited a long cycling life of over 1300 h at 1 mA cm−2 and 1 mA h cm−2. When coupled with a commercial LiFePO4 cathode (3.3 mA h cm−2), the LiFePO4‖LiF@LiZn10/Li cell exhibited a cycle life approximately thrice that of the cells with LMBs. This work provides a novel strategy to optimize LMAs for next-generation LMBs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Prelithiation is a well‐established strategy for enhancing battery energy density. However, traditional prelithiation approaches have primarily addressed compensating for the initial active lithium loss (ALL) while overlooking the ALL during extended cycling. In response, a novel method is introduced by increasing the prelithiation degree and pre‐storing stable LiCx within the anode. This innovation facilitates sustainable lithium replenishment, resulting in a significant improvement in battery cycle life and energy density. Moreover, challenges associated with using pure Li foils to realize this strategy in contact prelithiation are revealed, such as difficulties in thinning to less than 5 µm, and the loss of the electronic pathway during prelithiation, resulting in low lithium utilization rates and numerous residues. Additionally, the significantly accelerated capacity fading caused by these residues, typically emerging after hundreds of cycles, has been overlooked. To overcome these challenges, an ultrathin Li‐Mg‐Al alloy foil is developed with significantly improved mechanical properties and delithiation behavior. During prelithiation, the 96Li2Mg2Al alloy maintains a complete film structure with numerous micropores, avoiding randomly distributed debris. This structure ensures high utilization, unimpeded electronic pathways, and efficient electrolyte filtration. By employing a 5‐µm 96Li2Mg2Al foil for sustainable prelithiation, a substantial improvement in energy density is achieved and tripled the battery's lifespan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Selective removal of 99TcO₄− from radioactive wastewater is a challenging but significant task, which benefits spent fuel reprocessing and radioactive-waste leakage treatment. This work introduces the performance of adsorption ReO4− using a series of novel anion exchange resins, namely MAPE-1, MAPE-2, MAPE-3, and MAGD-1, impregnated with functionalized ionic liquids as active sites. They exhibit a high selectivity towards TcO₄−/ReO₄−, in a wide pH range of pH 5–11 for ReO₄−/TcO₄− adsorption. Among these resins, MAPE-1 has the best adsorption performance for ReO4−, with a maximum adsorption capacity of 202.4 mg/g and a high distribution ratio Kd of 6.2 × 10⁶ mL/g at pH 7. The adsorption mechanism involves anion exchange between functionalized ionic liquids and TcO₄−/ReO₄−, which is supported by X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) analyses. In addition, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) further illustrates the interaction between the resin and perrhenate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]