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As germination and rise of public environmental awareness in Taiwan, large-scale air pollution, water pollution, noise, land subsidence and other public hazards harming human health and living environment caused by various production or consumption activities are generated. Facing the situation of environment increasingly aggravates, environmental public interest litigation system is constructed. First, Article 9 of Administrative Procedure Law stipulates public interest litigation ;then, Article 34 of Environmental Basic Law clearly stipulates important elements of public interest litigation. In the research, taking the first environmental public interest litigation in Taiwan as the example, collusion process between government and developer, and private environmental protection groups finally obtaining victory through the continuous effort and litigation are iilustrated, thereby uncovering so-called " legal" saying by government and developer. Environmental maintenance and improvement is the duty of every citizen should do, but not only the duty of government, which is mentality of environmental public interest litigation development should have and road must take. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]