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NO2 is the common precursor of the secondary conversion of PM2.5 and O3. Understanding its change characteristics and influencing factors is of great significance for the collaborative treatment of PM2.5 and O3. Based on the VLF/LF three-dimensional lightning location monitoring system, SNPP/VIIRS satellite fire point data, NO2 column density in Sentinel-5P NRTI NO2 data products and other data, using various statistical methods, selecting February to April with high NO2 density and June to August with frequent lightning activities, this paper compares and analyses the influence of lightning activities on NO2 density in region A (96.5°-102°E, 20.5°-24°N) with high biomass burning in southwest Yunnan and its surrounding areas and region B (102°-104°E, 24°-26°N) with high human activities in central Yunnan. The results show that: (1) There are obvious differences in the spatial and temporal distribution of the number of lightning and NO2 column density in region A and region B. The NO2 column density outside area A is higher than that in China, but the distribution of lightning times is the opposite. The NO2 column density in region B decreases from Kunming to the surrounding area, and the number of lightning is less and more. In the dry season (November to April of the next year), the concentration of NO2 density is higher, and the rainy season (May to October) is lower, and the number of lightning is opposite. (2) From February to April, the NO2 column density in region A and region B has a significant positive spatial correlation with the number of fire points and anthropogenic CO2 emissions, respectively, but a significant negative correlation with the number of lightning. (3) Lightning activity is mostly accompanied by obvious rainfall (R≥1 mm). When the lightning activity is weak, the wet deposition effect of rainfall on the ground NO2 density is obvious, and the wet deposition effect of rain falling from the stronger lightning activity cannot completely offset the contribution of lightning to the increase of ground NO2 density. (4) The change of surface NO2 density during the first lightning from June to August is more regular than that from February to April, which shows that the ground NO2 density increases hourly in the first 6 hours and decreases slowly hourly in the last 3 hours. (5) The ground NO2 density on the lightning days in the two regions is generally higher than those on the days without lightning. Changes in biomass combustion intensity, rainfall intensity and planetary boundary layer height have a significant impact on the ground NO2 density.

BackgroundMetacognition， the capacity to monitor and control one's cognitive processes， has been identified as a crucial component of effective decision-making and behavioral adaptation. Previous research has revealed cognitive deficits in patients with major depressive disorder （MDD）， while findings about metacognitive capacities in patients with MDD have been inconsistent across studies， and the exact relationship between metacognitive capacities and clinical symptoms in MDD patients remains uncertain.ObjectiveTo examine the metacognitive capacities of adolescent hospitalized patients with MDD and to explore its relationship with depressive and anxiety symptoms， thus providing an unprecedented insight into the prevention of MDD.MethodsA coherent 56 adolescent hospitalized patients with MDD in the Psychiatry Department at the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University from March 2022 to June 2023 and met the diagnostic criteria for depression as defined by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders， fourth edition （DSM-IV） were enrolled as MDD group. At the same time， 62 healthy individuals matched with the age and sex of the MDD group residing in Luzhou were concurrently selected as control group. The metacognitive ability of the two groups was evaluated by perceptual decision-making task and confidence rating task， and the indicators included confidence deviation， reaction time of confidence evaluation and metacognitive efficiency. Additionally， the severity of depressive and anxiety symptoms was measured with Beck Depression Inventory （BDI） and Beck Anxiety Inventory （BAI）. Pearson correlation analysis was utilized to examine the relationship between metacognitive capacities and clinical symptoms.ResultsMDD group scored higher on BDI and BAI when compared with control group （t=-13.722， -9.674， P0.05）. In terms of metacognitive performance， MDD group reported a reduction in overall confidence， confidence in correct decisions， confidence in incorrect decisions and metacognitive efficiency compared with control group （t=3.044， 2.769， 2.836， 3.667， P0.05）. Furthermore， metacognitive efficiency in MDD patients exhibited negative correlation with both BDI and BAI scores （r=-0.269， -0.290， P

In order to recover user’s queries in conjunctive keyword searchable encryption schemes, two attacks against the conjunctive keyword searchable encryption schemes were proposed, such as cross leakage attack and frequency matching attack. Firstly, a set of candidate keywords were extracted from the leakage. Then the keywords were filtered according to the keyword pair result pattern leakage and query frequency information respectively. Results show that in the cross leakage attack, with knowledge of only 10% of the dataset, the accuracy of query recovery can reach up to 90% if the keyword space is 100. And more than 50% of the queries are still able to recovered by the attacker if the keyword space is expanded to 1 000. In frequency matching attack, even with only inaccurate frequency distribution information known to the attacker, at least 70% of queries can be accurately recovered.

[Objective] Wind-water erosion crisscross region in Loess Plateau is a typical fragile ecosystem. Biological soil crusts (BSCs) are widely distributed in this region and play key roles in the accumulation and transformation of soil organic carbon (SOC). However, the effect of BSCs succession and microorganisms on enzymes related to organic carbon conversion is still unclear. [Methods] In this manuscript, SOC contents, microbial number and enzymes related with carbon conversion in different BSCs types were investigated. The relationships among SOC, microbial number and enzume activities related with carbon conversion were also analyzed by SEM model. [Results] (1) BSCs succession significantly inceased SOC content and enzyme activities related with carbon conversion. SOC and enzyme activities in BSCs layer(0—2 cm) were significantly higher than those in bare sand 2—5 cm soil layer (p

Abstract The modulation recognition technology for acoustic signals holds significant research importance in signal demodulation and communication signal reconnaissance, serving as a crucial component and key aspect. This paper investigates the modulation recognition technology for acoustic signals (

Abstract The core of clinic treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD) is to enhance dopamine (DA) signaling within the brain. The regulation of dopamine transporter (DAT) is integral to this process. This study aims to explore the regulatory mechanism of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) on DAT, thereby gaining a profound understanding its potential value in treating PD. In this study, we investigated the effects of GDNF on both cellular and mouse models of PD, including the glycosylation and membrane transport of DAT detected by immunofluorescence and immunoblotting, DA signal measured by neurotransmitter fiber imaging technology, Golgi morphology observed by electron microscopic, as well as cognitive ability assessed by behavior tests. This study revealed that in animal trials, MPTP-induced Parkinson's Disease (PD) mice exhibited a marked decline in cognitive function. Utilizing ELISA and neurotransmitter fiber imaging techniques, we observed a decrease in dopamine levels and a significant reduction in the intensity of dopamine signal release in the Prefrontal Cortex (PFC) of PD mice induced by MPTP. Intriguingly, these alterations were reversed by Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (GDNF). In cellular experiments, following MPP + intervention, there was a decrease in Gly-DAT modification in both the cell membrane and cytoplasm, coupled with an increase in Nongly-DAT expression and aggregation of DAT within the cytoplasm. Conversely, GDNF augmented DAT glycosylation and facilitated its membrane transport in damaged dopaminergic neurons, concurrently reversing the effects of GRASP65 depletion and Golgi fragmentation, thereby reducing the accumulation of DAT in the Golgi apparatus. Furthermore, overexpression of GRASP65 enhanced DAT transport in PD cells and mice, while suppression of GRASP65 attenuated the efficacy of GDNF on DAT. Additionally, GDNF potentiated the reutilization of neurotransmitters by the PFC presynaptic membrane, boosting the effective release of dopamine following a single electrical stimulation, ultimately ameliorating the cognitive impairments in PD mice.Therefore, we propose that GDNF enhances the glycosylation and membrane trafficking of DAT by facilitating the re-aggregation of the Golgi apparatus, thereby amplifying the utilization of DA signals. This ultimately leads to the improvement of cognitive abilities in PD mouse models. Our study illuminates, from a novel angle, the beneficial role of GDNF in augmenting DA utilization and cognitive function in PD, providing fresh insights into its therapeutic potential.

In the medical field, the recognition of medical entities is often influenced by their adjacent context, the current named entity recognition methods typically rely on BiLSTM to capture the global dependency relationships within text, lacking modeling of local dependencies between characters. To resolve this problem, a Chinese medical named entity recognition model LENER based on local enhancement was proposed. Firstly, the representation of characters was enriched by LENER utilizing multi-source information, including phonetic, graphic and semantic features. Secondly, relative position encoding was combined to perform local attention calculations on sequence segments divided by sliding windows, and local information was fused with global information obtained from BiLSTM through nonlinear computation. Finally, the recognized entity heads and tails were combined by LENER to extract the entities. The experimental results show that the LENER model has excellent entity recognition capabilities, and the F1 value is improved by 0.5% to 2% compared with other models.

Facing the future requirements of distributed warfare at sea, the strategic planning of missile penetration is firstly analyzed based on the background of intelligent missile salvo penetration against surface ships in distributed warfare scenario. Secondly, a strategic planning method of intelligent missile penetration based on reward-shaping reinforcement learning is designed by using multi-class reward function. Then, the operation scenario of the missile penetration ship is constructed on the Mozi joint operation simulation system. The comparison experiment shows that the success rate of the intelligent missile penetration attack controlled by the model learned by the reward molding method is 79%, which verifies the effectiveness of the reward-based reinforcement learning method. Finally, after action review, it is found that there are emerging four kinds of penetration strategies of intelligent missiles in the reward shaping experiment, including concentrated and roundabout attack, scattered penetration multi-direction attack, group delay attack and cruise detection guide attack.

[Objective] The study aimed to explore the effects of aeration on crop growth characteristics and soil environmental characteristics in the root zone under reduced topdressing conditions. [Methods] The present paper took the field cultivated tomato in Yinbei irrigation area of Ningxia as the research object. Four groups of micro-nano gas aeration ratios (0, 5%, 10%, and 15%) and three topdressing fertilizer (urea-triple superphosphate-potassium sulfate) levels (180-400-480 kg/hm2, 135-300-360 kg/hm2, and 90-200-240 kg/hm2) were set up for the two-year field experiment conducted in 2019 and 2020. [Results] With the same topdressing level, the dry matter and nutritional elements (N, P, and K) accumulation in the plant increased with the increase of aeration ratio, and increasing the aeration ratio was beneficial to the accumulation of phosphorus in roots during flowering-fruit setting period and the potassium accumulation at fruit expansion stage. With the same topdressing level, the tomato yield increased by 14.0%~44.2% as the aeration ratio increased by 5%~15%. With the same aeration ratio, the tomato yield increased by 0.4%~9.1% as the topdressing level was appropriately reduced (-25%) compared with the traditional fertilization. The increase of the aeration ratio and topdressing level was beneficial to increase the soil enzymes (catalase, alkaline phosphatase, and urease) activity significantly during the flowering-fruit setting period and fruit enlargement period of tomato. With the same topdressing level, increasing the aeration ratio by 5%~15% corresponded to an increase in soil enzyme activity by 27.5%~122.9%. [Conclusion] It was suggested that, to promote tomato plant growth, stabilize tomato yield and improve the soil enzymes activity in the Yinbei irrigation district, the suitable topdressing level of “urea-triple superphosphate-potassium” was 135-300-360 kg/hm2 (25% lower than the traditional topdressing amount), and the suitable micro-nano aeration ratio was 10%.

Objective We explored the prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection among women in Jinshan District, Shanghai. Methods We analyzed all HPV testing samples sent from our unit between December 2023 and April 2024. We reported the HPV prevalence overall, by age, and by subtype. Results In total, 3788 women aged 16 to 90 years had HPV test results. The prevalence of infection with any HPV subtype was 17.9%. The HPV prevalence by age group was: ≤30 years, 15.4%; 31–40 years, 14.7%; 41–50 years, 17.0%; 51–60 years, 22.4%; >60 years, 31.0%. Among HPV-positive women, 80.6% had infection with one subtype, 16.4% had dual infection, and 3.1% had three or more subtypes detected. We found 640 cases (16.9%) of infection with high-risk HPV subtypes and 139 cases (5.04%) of infection with low-risk HPV subtypes. The most common high-risk subtypes were HPV 52, 53, 58, and 16; the most common low-risk subtypes were HPV 81, 70, and 42. Conclusion We detected ≥1 HPV subtype among most women in our study. The prevalence of HPV was lowest in younger women and highest in women age >60 years. Tailored strategies for older women are needed to prevent HPV infection and cervical cancer.

Objective: This study aimed to prepare a kind of mushroom paste with Lentinus edodes, Pleurotus eryngii and Agaricus bisporus as raw materials by enzymolysis with cellulase. Methods: The response surface method was used to optimize the optimal enzymatic hydrolysis process of the mushroom paste with amino acid nitrogen content as the index. Results: The optimal enzymolysis conditions were as follows: enzyme dosage 0.6%, pH 6, enzymolysis temperature 50 ℃, solid-liquid ratio 1∶30 （g/mL）. Under these conditions, the actual amino acid nitrogen content was 0.418 μg/100 g. Conclusion: The sensory evaluation and nutritional indexes of the mushroom paste are up to or better than the national standard, which indicates that the process is feasible and has certain popularization and application values.

Objective: This study aimed to explore the aroma differences of Pixian bean paste from different brands and establish an analytical method for quality evaluation and quality control methods in Douban Sauce, based on solid-phase microextraction (SPME) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) techniques along with sensory evaluation. Methods: Three different brands of Pixian Douban Sauce were selected as the research objects. SPME and GC-MS techniques were used to extract and qualitatively analyze the aroma components, and the sensory evaluation of the three types of Pixian Douban Sauce was conducted based on current effective group standards. Results: 57, 90, and 70 volatile flavor compounds were identified in brands T, J, and C Pixian Douban Sauce, and 46, 70, and 60 were identified in the database. Excluding impurity peaks and extremely low content fragment peaks, the flavor substances of brands T, J, and C are 32, 47, and 43, respectively. Brand J has the highest sensory rating, followed by brand T, and brand C has the lowest. Based on the analysis of aroma components and content, the relative content of 3-methylbutyraldehyde and 2-methylbutyraldehyde (both with apple aroma and a pleasant feeling) in brand J is higher than the other two brands, and only furfural with a relative content greater than 3% was detected in brand C. Conclusion: The combination of SPME-GC-MS technology and sensory evaluation analysis can distinguish the aroma components of different brands of Pixian Douban Sauce.

Objective To explore the value of probe-based confocal laser endomicroscopy (pCLE) in the differential diagnosis of fundic gland polyps. Methods A total of 63 patients who underwent conventional white light image (WLI) and suggested with gastric polyps in our gastroenterology endoscopy center during June and December 2023 were enrolled, and their clinical data, WLI, narrow band images (NBI), pCLE images and postoperative histopathological findings were collected. The characteristics of fundic gland polyps under pCLE were statistically verified, and the sensitivity, specificity, accuracy and consistency of different endoscopic diagnoses were calculated respectively. Results Under pCLE, fundic gland polyps were mainly manifested as elongated gastric pit opening, "hand-in-hand" gastric pit opening, well-arranged blood vessels around the pit opening, and no luciferin oozing. The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy of WLI were 72.73%, 75.00%, 73.13% and 0.343 for fundic gland polyps, and 81.82%, 71.43%, 71.64% and 0.354 for hyperplastic polyps, respectively. While, the above values of NBI were 87.27%, 83.33%, 86.57% and 0.673 for fundic gland polyps, and 81.82%, 85.71%, 85.07% and 0.554 for hyperplastic polyps; and those of pCLE were 92.73%, 91.67%, 92.53% and 0.769 for fundic gland polyps, and 90.91%, 94.64%, 94.03% and 0.797 for hyperplastic polyps pCLE had better sensitivity, specificity and accuracy than WLI and NBI, and had the results consistent with histopathological findings. Conclusion pCLE can be used in the differential diagnosis of fundic gland polyps.

[Objective] To explore the optimal salt composition and salt concentration of irrigation water suitable for tomato field cultivation in arid and semi-arid areas. [Methods] Three salinity levels (1, 2, and 3 g/L) and five Na∶Ca molar concentration ratio levels (1, 3, 5, 7, and 9) of irrigation water were used in a 3-year field experiment of drip irrigation under tomato film in Yinbei irrigation district of Ningxia, China. [Results] The experiment found that with lower irrigation water salinity (1 g/L), appropriate increases in the Na∶Ca molar ratio of irrigation water were beneficial for the accumulation of tomato plant dry matter and nutrients. Tomato fruit weight, marketable yield, and total yield decreased linearly with the increase of irrigation water Na∶Ca molar ratios. Moreover, with each increase in Na∶Ca molar ratio of irrigation water, the tomato marketable yield decreased by 5 761.7 to 6 036.7 kg/hm2. Irrigation water with “high salinity (2, 3 g/L) and low Na∶Ca molar ratio (1 and 3)” was more profitable for tomato yield increase than irrigation water with “low salinity and high Na∶Ca molar ratio”. The soil sodium adsorption ratio in 0—40 cm and the amount of soil salt accumulation in 0—100 cm increased linearly with the increase of irrigation water Na∶Ca molar ratio. [Conclusion] To alleviate the soil salt accumulation and obtain a relatively high fruit yield during the growth period of field cultivated tomatoes in Yinbei irrigation area of Ningxia, irrigation water with salinity of 2 g/L and Na∶Ca molar concentration ratio of 5 was recommended for mulched drip irrigation, under the control limit of soil matrix potential at -20 kPa.

Tuberculosis （TB） and human immunodeficiency virus infection / acquired immune deficiency syndrome （HIV/AIDS） are both serious global public health threats. Early detection of infected persons and/or patients through TB/HIV bi-directional screening is crucial for prevention and control strategy in China and globally. In recent years， with the promotion and application of new TB and HIV detection technologies worldwide， TB/HIV bi-directional screening technologies and strategies have made remarkable changes. This expert consensus introduces the significance and challenges of TB/HIV bi-directional screening， summarizes important progress of research and applications， and makes recommendations on screening measures and procedures to further strengthen TB/HIV bi-directional screening in China.

In order to solve the contradiction between large aperture elements and high-resolution images, in this study, we propose an improved image-resolution method based on generative adversarial network (GAN). First, we analyze the imaging principle of the optical synthetic aperture. Further, we improve a super-resolution GAN; especially, this network uses a multi-scale convolutional cascade to obtain global features of the image, and a multi-scale receptive field block and residual in residual dense block are built to obtain image details. In addition, this study uses the Mish function as the activation function of the discriminator to solve the problems of neuron extreme, gradient explosion, and poor generalization ability of the model. Through simulation, the results show that the proposed method can achieve a peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) of 30 dB compared with traditional image super-resolution reconstruction methods for synthetic aperture image. The method proposed has an improvement of 2 dB in the PSNR and 0.016 in structure similarity index measure compared with the original super-resolution GAN. Therefore, this method can effectively reduce the image distortion and improve the quality of image reconstruction.

Breast cancer, as a malignant tumor threatening the survival of women in China, its incidence rate is increasing year by year and showing a younger trend, control of cancer cell proliferation, invasion, metastasis is the focus and difficulty of treatment. DEAD-box polypeptide 5 (DDX5), a processing factor regulating RNA biological function, is a multi-dimensional functional protein involved in regulating RNA splicing, ribosome biological function, transcription and translation. It can promote the proliferation, invasion and metastasis of breast cancer through gene amplification, activation of carcinogens, enhancement of epithelial mesenchymal transformation, and reorganization of cytoskeleton. It can also be used as a marker of prognosis and recurrence of breast cancer. This article reviews the role of DDX5 in promoting the proliferation, invasion and metastasis of breast cancer, its significance in the classification, prognosis and recurrence of breast cancer, and the clinical reports of existing Chinese medicine intervention DDX5 on breast cancer, which can provide a new perspective for the exploration of the etiology of breast cancer and new targeted therapy ideas.

The vacuum impregnation resin method was used to prepare composite bipolar plates in fuel cell in this study. The effects of the content of epoxy resin diluent added, temperature and pore structure of graphite on the impregnation content during the vacuum impregnation process were studied. The electrical conductivity, flexural strength and airtightness of the prepared fuel cell bipolar plates were investigated. The results show that increasing the content of diluent and temperature can reduce viscosity and increase the upper limit of resin impregnation, enabling the resin to impregnate and fill into smaller pores, while there are still some pores that cannot be filled and saturated, such as the pores below 0.1 μm are difficult to fully penetrate in the expanded graphite plate, resulting in the resin being unable to completely fill the entire pores of the expanded graphite. The optimal temperature for impregnating the epoxy resin/diluent system by vacuum impregnation is 50 ℃, and the optimal addition ratio of diluent ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether is 15%(mass fraction). The obtained bipolar plate has excellent electrical conductivity of 340.12 S/cm, flexural strength of 41.52 MPa, and helium permeability of 5.4×10-7 cm3·cm-2·s-1.

ObjectiveThis study aims to examine the nutritional status of individuals diagnosed with esophageal cancer and compare the nutritional indicators and intestinal flora between malnourished and non-malnourished patients. The findings aim to contribute to the early prevention of malnutrition and the development of interventions targeting the intestinal flora to treat esophageal cancer.MethodsAn 80-patient sample of hospitalized individuals with esophageal cancer was selected from the radiotherapy department of our hospital between July 2021 and July 2022 to evaluate NRS2002 scores and PG-SGA scores. This cross-sectional analysis aimed to examine the disparities in dietary nutrient intake, blood indicators, body composition, and fecal intestinal flora between malnourished and non-malnourished patients with esophageal cancer. Additionally, we randomly selected 40 cases to predict and analyze the relationship between intestinal flora and malnutrition.ResultsThe incidence of nutritional risk and malnutrition in patients with esophageal cancer was 62.5% and 60%, respectively. The low intake of carbohydrates and dietary fiber in the malnutrition group was statistically significant compared to those in the non-malnutrition group (P < 0.05). The albumin (ALB) level was lower in the malnutrition group than in the non-malnutrition group, while the C-reactive protein (CRP) level was higher; these differences were also statistically significant (P < 0.05). The basal metabolic rate, phase angle, body cell mass, muscle mass, skeletal muscle index, and fat-free mass index in the malnutrition group all decreased compared to the non-malnutrition group. The extracellular water/total body water was higher than that in the non-malnutrition group, which was also statistically significant (P < 0.05). As shown by 16S rDNA sequencing of fecal intestinal flora, there was no significant difference in α and β diversity between the malnutrition and non-malnutrition groups; at the genus level, significant differences were observed for Selimonas, Clostridioides, Dielma, Lactobacillus, and [Eubacterium]_siraeum_group. However, Dielma, Sellimonas, and Clostridioides were significantly lower in the malnutrition group than in the non-malnutrition group, while Anaerococcus, Atopobium, Eubacterium_siraeum_group, and Lactobacillus were significantly higher in the malnutrition group. Correlation analysis between different genera and clinical indicators showed that Lactobacillus was positively correlated with ALB, dietary energy, intracellular water/total body water (ICW/TBW), phase angle (PA), muscle mass (MM), skeletal muscle mass (SMM), body cell mass (BCM), basal metabolic rate (BMR), appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASMM), total body water (TBW), fat-free mass index (FFMI), skeletal muscle index (SMI), fat-free mass (FFM), Weight, body mass index (BMI) (r > 0, P < 0.05), but negatively correlated with PG-SGA score, NRS2002 score, and extracellular water/total body water (ECW/TBW) (r < 0, P < 0.05). Based on PG-SGA, there was only a low accuracy for identifying nutrient deficiency (most areas under curve (AUC) values fell within 0.5 to 0.7, or even lower), with Lachnoclostridium's AUC being 0.688 (CI = 0.518–0.858) and Lactobacillus_salivarius_g_Lactobacillus's AUC being 0.257 (CI = 0.098–0.416). A KEGG functional analysis based on 16S data indicated potential differences affecting glucose metabolism pathways and the synthesis or division of DNA, influencing the onset, development, and prognosis of esophageal cancer patients.ConclusionEsophageal cancer patients are more likely to be malnourished. The nutritional status of these patients is closely linked to the intake of carbohydrates and fiber, albumin levels, inflammation levels, and lean body mass. Furthermore, the patient's intestinal flora composition plays a significant role in their nutritional well-being. Consequently, modulating the intestinal flora holds promise as a potential therapeutic approach for addressing malnutrition in esophageal cancer patients.Clinical trial registrationChiCTR2100048141

To analyze the effect of heat treatment on the structure and physicochemical properties of buckwheat bran protein (BBP), the molecular mass, secondary structure, intrinsic fluorescence spectrum, free sulfhydryl content, disulfide bond content, microstructure, thermal properties, and rheological properties of BBP were characterized before and after heat treatment. The results showed that part of the subunits of BBP were degraded into small polypeptides or oligopeptides. The α-helical structure was transformed into β-sheet, β-turn and random coil, and the contents of free sulfhydryl groups and disulfide bonds were significantly increased. Compared with soy protein isolate (SPI), the peak temperature, denaturation enthalpy, apparent viscosity, storage modulus (G’) and loss modulus (G”) of BBP were significantly lower. The surface of heat-induced gels of BBP was rougher, and there were obvious cracks on the gel wall, indicating that the thermal stability of BBP was lower than that of SPI. In summary, heat treatment could change the structure of BBP, and have different effects on its physicochemical properties.

Objective: This study focused on optimizing the Iota carrageenan extraction process and improving Iota carrageenan yield. Methods: Iota carrageenan was extracted from Eucheuma spinulosa by ultrasonic-assisted complex enzyme technology. Through single factor and orthogonal experiments, the optimum ratio of complex enzymes (cellulase, hemicellulose and papain) and enzymatic hydrolysis conditions of complex enzymes were first determined. Then, the optimum ultrasonic treatment conditions were determined. Finally, the boiling process conditions were optimized. Results: The optimal compound enzyme ratios were cellulase of 0.50%, hemicellulase of 1.25% and papain of 0.20%. The optimal enzymolysis conditions were as follows: enzymolysis at 60 ℃ and pH 5.5 for 2.5 h, with enzymolysis material-liquid ratio at 1∶30 (g/mL). The best ultrasonic treatment process was ultrasonic power of 350 W, treated at 40 ℃ for 25 min. The best boiling process was using 0.04% sodium hexametaphosphate (SHMP), boiling at 90 ℃ for 3 h. Conclusion: Under the control of the optimal process conditions, Iota carrageenan can reach a high extraction yield as 47.17%.

Carbon-based materials strongly pertain to citizens’ daily life due to their versatile derivatives such as diamond, graphite, fullerenes, carbon nanotube, single-layer graphene, and amorphous carbon (a-C). Compared to other families, a-C exhibits reconfigurable electrical properties by triggering its sp2–sp3 transition and vice versa, which can be readily fabricated by conventional film deposition technologies. For above reasons, a-C has been adopted as a promising memristive material and has given birth to several physical and theoretical prototypes. To further help researchers comprehend the physics behind a-C-based memristors and push forward their development, here we first reviewed the classification of a-C-based materials associated with their respective electrical and thermal properties. Subsequently, several a-C -based memristors with different architectures were presented, followed by their respective memristive principles. We also elucidated the state-of-the-art modeling strategies of a-C memristors, and their practical applications on neuromorphic fields were also described. The possible scenarios to further mitigate the physical performances of a-C memristors were eventually discussed, and their future prospect to rival with other memristors was also envisioned.

Proteins are important parts of the biological structures and encode a lot of biological information. Protein–protein interaction network alignment is a model for analyzing proteins that helps discover conserved functions between organisms and predict unknown functions. In particular, multi-network alignment aims at finding the mapping relationship among multiple network nodes, so as to transfer the knowledge across species. However, with the increasing complexity of PPI networks, how to perform network alignment more accurately and efficiently is a new challenge. This paper proposes a new global network alignment algorithm called Simulated Annealing Multiple Network Alignment (SAMNA), using both network topology and sequence homology information. To generate the alignment, SAMNA first generates cross-network candidate clusters by a clustering algorithm on a k-partite similarity graph constructed with sequence similarity information, and then selects candidate cluster nodes as alignment results and optimizes them using an improved simulated annealing algorithm. Finally, the SAMNA algorithm was experimented on synthetic and real-world network datasets, and the results showed that SAMNA outperformed the state-of-the-art algorithm in biological performance.

BackgroundThe persistently high prevalence of insomnia seriously affects the quality of life of all populations. Studies showed that state-trait anxiety， resilience and neuroticism are related to the occurrence of insomnia， while the research on the relationship among the four factors in college students is still insufficient.ObjectiveTo discuss the impact of neuroticism on insomnia among college students， and to examine the mediating role of state-trait anxiety and resilience in the relationship between neuroticism and insomnia， thus providing references for the intervention of insomnia in college students.MethodsFrom September to December 2020， simple random sampling techniques were utilized to select 1 416 students in a university in Sichuan province， and all subjects were assessed using State-Trait Anxiety Inventory （STAI）， Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale （CD-RISC）， Chinese Big Five Personality Inventory-15 （CBF-PI-15） and Insomnia Severity Index （ISI）. Then Pearson correlation analysis was conducted to examine the correlation among the above four scales， and the mediating role of STAI and CD-RISC in the relationship between CBF-PI-15 neuroticism dimension and ISI was verified by Process macro mediation analysis.ResultsInsomnia was reported in 241/1 416 （17.02%） college students. The prevalence rate of insomnia in male students was higher than that in female students， with statistical difference （χ2=16.417， P

BackgroundThe schizophrenia is majorly treated with drug and through physical therapy. However， both treatments would lead to adverse reactions， which could affect therapy adherence and treatment efficacy. Previous studies have shown that aerobic exercise can help alleviate cognitive function in patients with Alzheimer's disease and depressive disorder. At present， little research has been done on such alleviation in schizophrenia patients.ObjectiveTo explore the effect of aerobic exercise on cognitive function in male patients with chronic schizophrenia， so as to provide references for relevant treatments.MethodsA total of 76 male patients with chronic schizophrenia hospitalized in the Fourth People's Hospital of Wuhu between December 2022 and April 2023 were selected as the study subjects and， in accordance with random number table， divided into study group （n=36） and control group （n=40）. Both groups received conventional drug treatment. On this basis， the study group received a 60-minute aerobic exercise 5 times a week for 8 weeks as intervention. Before and after intervention， assessment of cognitive function was performed by using MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery （MCCB） and Stroop Color Word Test （SCWT）.ResultAfter intervention， compared with the control group， the study group spent less time on finishing the Trail Making Test and scored higher in both the spatial span test and maze test （Z=-2.070， -2.306， -2.375， P

Objective: In this study, the effects of silymarin on the biofilm S. aureus ATCC25923 and its virulence factors were investigated. Methods: The inhibition and clearance of silymarin on S. aureus ATCC25923 biofilm formation were detected by crystal violet staining, the effects of silymarin on its biofilm metabolism were investigated by MTT staining, and the effects of silymarin on its coagulase expression and hemolytic activity were investigated by freeze-dried plasma and aseptic defibrinated sheep blood. In parallel, the effects of different concentrations of silymarin on its biofilm and Fourier transform were observed under an optical microscope. Results: The results showed that the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of silymarin against S. aureus ATCC25923 was 0.5 mg/mL, the inhibition rate of silymarin to S. aureus ATCC25923 biofilm at MIC concentration reached 90%, and the clearance rate reached 89.2%, and the low dose of silymarin could significantly inhibit its hemolytic activity and coagulase expression. Conclusion: The outcomes of the experiment demonstrate the great potential applications of silymarin in the areas of natural preservatives and food safety.

A group of compounds structurally related to tetrahydrocannabinol or capable of binding to cannabinoid receptors are collectively referred to as cannabinoids. Cannabinoids can be divided into plant derived cannabinoids， synthetic cannabinoids， and endogenous cannabinoids. Δ-9-THC is the only psychoactive compound in plant cannabinoids. Cannabis with Δ-9-THC>0.3% is internationally listed as a prohibited drug， while cannabis with Δ-9-THC

Perinatal mental disorders are one of the most common disorders during pregnancy and may lead to adverse maternal and offspring outcomes. There is an increasing number of women currently at risk for emotional problems such as anxiety and depression during pregnancy and childbirth, and women with previous mental disorders are also at risk of relapse during pregnancy. At the same time, the lack of clinical guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of perinatal mental disorders has made the work of clinicians even more challenging. The expert writing group integrated the latest medical evidence and clinical practice in related fields at home and abroad to form the expert consensus, consisting of the epidemiology and pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, clinical evaluation, diagnosis, treatment and management of perinatal mental disorders, which can provide reference and guidance for practical clinical work. The consensus advocates comprehensive, whole-process, hierarchical, multidisciplinary and collaborative diagnosis and treatment, to help frontline clinicians screen, rationally assess and clinically diagnose perinatal pregnant women as soon as possible, as well as provide necessary psychological interventions and clinical medication for them.

Objective To explore the potential molecular mechanism of GluN3A gene deletion involved in depression-like behaviors. Methods Fourteen male adult GluN3A knockout (KO) mice and 15 male wild type (WT) mice were recruited in this study. Sucrose preference test (SPT) and forced swim test (FST) were conducted to measure depression-like behaviors. Then tissue samples of medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and hippocampus (HP) were collected from 5 mice in each group for mRNA transcriptome sequencing. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened using DESeq2 software, and some DEGs were selected and validated by qPCR. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis was performed using clusterProfiler software. Protein interaction network analysis was performed using string online database together with Cytoscape software. Results GluN3A KO mice exhibited decreased sucrose preference (P < 0.05) and sucrose consumption (P < 0.05) in FST and prolonged immobile time (P < 0.01) in FST. There were 740 and 666 DEGs found in the mPFC and the hippocampus of GluN3A KO mice, respectively. GO analysis showed that down-regulated DEGs in the mPFC were enriched in angiogenesis and neural precursor cell proliferation, while down-regulated DEGs in the hippocampus were mainly enriched in synapse assembly, axon development, dendrite development, axon guidance and synaptic membrane. And up-regulated DEGs in both mPFC and hippocampus were mainly associated with cytosolic ribosome and ribosomal subunit. Protein interaction network analysis revealed that most of the core genes in the mPFC and hippocampus were ribosomal protein genes. Conclusion GluN3A deletion may be involved in the occurrence of depression-like behaviors by regulating angiogenesis, neural precursor cell proliferation, synapse formation and protein synthesis.

High temperature solid oxide electrolysis cell (SOEC) is a new type of high-efficiency electrochemical energy transfer device with high energy transfer efficiency, high reaction rate and wide application scenarios. It has enormous potential in the fields including production of low-cost green hydrogen and carbonaceous product with high added values. Nitrogen oxide treatment and ammonia synthesis may also be a promising direction of application. SOEC is expected to play an important role in the low-carbon transformation of energy, chemical industry, transportation and other fields. Based on the latest progress of SOEC in the fields of hydrogen production, oil production, nitride treatment and ammonia production, the development status of SOEC was systematically summarized, and the key directions for future development were prospected.

Flowering phenology is closely related to plant reproduction, and its response to climate change is obvious; therefore, revealing its influencing factors and interspecific changes has become an important issue in global change ecology and physical geography. Previous studies have reported that interspecific changes in flowering phenology are affected by climatic factors (such as temperature and precipitation) and related to plant functional traits. However, the magnitude of the correlation between functional traits and flowering phenology varies greatly among different regions and climatic zones, and the relationship between them remains unclear. In this study, to explore whether functional traits affect interspecific changes in the flowering phenology of subtropical evergreen broadleaf species, 67 woody species in the Ningbo Botanical Garden were chosen as the study objects. Four types of flowering phenological characteristics (initial flowering time, full bloom time, falling flower time, and duration of the flowering period) were observed. General statistical analyses (i.e., maximum, minimum, mean, coefficient of variation, and frequency) were used to test the distribution patterns of flowering phenology. Four statistical methods (independent samples t-test, one-way analysis of variance, linear fitting, and generalized linear mixed effect regression models) were used to analyze the differences in flowering phenology between different types (tree vs. shrubs, different types of flower color, and fruit type) and the contributions of different functional traits (i.e., potential maximum tree height, life form, flower color, and fruit type) to the changes in flowering phenology. The results showed that: (1) the initial flowering time, full bloom time, falling flower time, and duration of the flowering period of 67 woody plants were March 28 ± 21.64 d, March 30 ± 27.02 d, April 15 ± 30.78 d, and 23.82 ± 13.31 d, respectively. (2) The initial flowering time and full bloom time of trees were significantly earlier than those of shrubs (P < 0.05); however, no significant difference was observed between them in the falling flower time or duration of the flowering period (P > 0.05). The standard deviation of the flowering phenology of trees was lower than that of shrubs, indicating that the flowering phenology of trees was more stable than that of shrubs. (3) The results of generalized linear mixed-effect regression models showed that the effects of the four functional traits on flowering phenology differed. More specifically, flower color significantly affected falling-flower time (P < 0.01). The falling flower time of colored flowers was earlier than that of white flowers. Life form and potential maximum tree height significantly affected the duration of the flowering period (P < 0.01). Plants with higher potential maximum heights have longer flowering periods. In conclusion, our study indicates that the flowering phenology of 67 woody species in the Ningbo Botanical Garden is affected by functional traits. However, the magnitude of the influence is related to the type of functional trait. Flower color and potential maximum tree height contributed more to interspecific changes in flowering phenology than other functional traits. Our results help us understand the variation in flowering phenology among woody species in subtropical regions and provide a new perspective for the theoretical exploration of phenology.

There is a strong real-time coupling between seabed topography and wave field, current field and wind field in shallow water area. The existing analysis model cannot directly consider the influence factors of seabed, and it is more difficult to explain the unsteady evolution mechanism of the coupling field between typical seabed topography and wave, shear flow and gradient wind. Based on the secondary development of STAR-CCM+platform, the shallow sea wind-wave-current numerical pool is constructed under four typical seabed landform conditions: seabed plain, seabed slope, trough, and flat landform. The multi-layer particle velocity coupling method is proposed and the multi-layer wind-wave-current coupling model is established. The wind-wave-current decoupling is realized at the initial time. The temporal and spatial evolution laws of wave field, current field, and wind field in different seabed topographies are compared and analyzed. The principal component analysis method is introduced to evaluate the unsteady effect of wind-wave-current in various typical seabed topographies, and the unsteady evaluation index of the whole life cycle of the wind-wave-current-seabed coupling field is established. The results show that the multi-layer wind-wave-current coupling model can more truly reflect the influence of vertical wind speed and uneven velocity distribution on wave field. The seabed topography can lead to a multi-stage time-history distribution of wave field in the evolution process. The flat topography, submarine slope, and trough conditions are divided into wave surface surge, attenuation, and stability stages. The submarine plain conditions are divided into external breaking wave, internal breaking wave, and climbing stage. The evolution of the current field presents a multi-stage spatial distribution, and the seabed leads to the formation of multi-vortex accumulation or multi-vortex coexistence in the current field. The coupling evolution of wind-wave-current-seabed has an amplification effect on the wind profile index, and positive relationship between seabed height and wind profile coefficient. The end-stage unsteady evaluation indices of flat landform, submarine plain, submarine slope, and trough are 0.268, 4.612, 0.672, and 0.926, respectively.

Abstract O-Methylated stilbenes are prominent nutraceuticals but rarely produced by crops. Here, the inherent ability of two Saccharinae grasses to produce regioselectively O-methylated stilbenes is reported. A stilbene O-methyltransferase, SbSOMT, is first shown to be indispensable for pathogen-inducible pterostilbene (3,5-bis-O-methylated) biosynthesis in sorghum (Sorghum bicolor). Phylogenetic analysis indicates the recruitment of genus-specific SOMTs from canonical caffeic acid O-methyltransferases (COMTs) after the divergence of Sorghum spp. from Saccharum spp. In recombinant enzyme assays, SbSOMT and COMTs regioselectively catalyze O-methylation of stilbene A-ring and B-ring respectively. Subsequently, SOMT-stilbene crystal structures are presented. Whilst SbSOMT shows global structural resemblance to SbCOMT, molecular characterizations illustrate two hydrophobic residues (Ile144/Phe337) crucial for substrate binding orientation leading to 3,5-bis-O-methylations in the A-ring. In contrast, the equivalent residues (Asn128/Asn323) in SbCOMT facilitate an opposite orientation that favors 3ʹ-O-methylation in the B-ring. Consistently, a highly-conserved COMT is likely involved in isorhapontigenin (3ʹ-O-methylated) formation in wounded wild sugarcane (Saccharum spontaneum). Altogether, our work reveals the potential of Saccharinae grasses as a source of O-methylated stilbenes, and rationalize the regioselectivity of SOMT activities for bioengineering of O-methylated stilbenes.

The effective and efficient refractive index of a multilayer optical waveguide is computed by taking into account the various order modes of the waveguide, such as the Quasi-Transverse Electric/Transverse Magnetic (Quasi-TE/TM) mode. According to the effective refractive index method, the effective refractive index of the Quasi-TE/TM mode is calculated from the electromagnetic field curve distribution calculated for each mode in the 6-layer loss optical waveguide compute the effective refractive index each order of TE/TM mdes. Further, we analyze the dependence of the waveguide properties on the structure. We conclude that the mode effective refractive index and mode order do not decrease monotonicallythe lossy waveguide mode is more prevalent. The research work in this paper can be used as the theoretical basis for the design, fabrication and application of practical optical waveguide devices.

By predicting the construction elevation of a cable-stayed bridge with the help of the BP neural network, it was found that the BP neural network is suitable for the prediction of bridge construction, and an accurate prediction value can be obtained. The maximum deviation of the prediction value is 41.6 mm, which is a large error. Therefore, the use of intelligent algorithms to predict the linear elevation of cable-stayed bridge construction and reduce the impact of error can provide an important reference basis for the next stage of elevation control of standing molds and guarantee the accuracy of bridge construction control.

The advancement of the high-quality development of the blended teaching of ideological and political courses in colleges and universities, as well as the thorough integration of artificial intelligence with this teaching approach, are imperative demands of the modern era. In order to analyze the specific applications of artificial intelligence technology in the teaching of ideological and political courses in colleges and universities, this paper first establishes the general framework for their application. It then proceeds, module by module, from the individual courses and examines how they are taught. Data mining techniques are used to extract the characteristics of the ideological and political course teaching resources, determine the similarity between learners, and complete the personalized intelligent recommendation of ideological and political course teaching resources in the personalized ideological and political course learning module. The ideological and political course teaching resources recommendation model is constructed through artificial intelligence technology. The text responses from the students are processed using natural language technology, and the learning effect is predicted using a logistic regression model. To build the BF-BKT knowledge tracking model, which tracks student feedback during the learning process of ideological and political courses, incorporating behavioral and forgetting elements. The purpose of the teaching framework is to examine the results of combining political and ideological courses with AI. The results indicate that the student’s critical thinking score is 46.6245 after incorporating artificial intelligence, which is roughly 6 points higher than the traditional technique. Following the use of AI fusion, the students’ three viewpoints and their cognition of family and national sentiment improved, with increases of 4.9 and 4.7 points, respectively, in the pre-and post-tests. It is evident that the integration of political and ideological courses at the university with artificial intelligence aids in students’ formation of their three points of view and emotional development, ultimately leading to cognitive characterization.

With the continuous development of science and technology level, remote sensing technology has a wide range of application prospects in water pollution monitoring. The study combines the Grab-Cut image segmentation algorithm, atmospheric radiation correction, and water pollution identification to construct a remote sensing technology-based method for monitoring water pollution. The research is focused on analyzing the water quality distribution pattern of the upper and lower lakes in the sample lake area using the constructed water pollution monitoring method. On this basis, from the four dimensions of water pollution prevention and control, recycled water recycling, ecological restoration and protection, and environmental monitoring, the comprehensive management measures for water pollution are proposed. The pollutant contents of the upper and lower lakes before and after the management are compared to explore the effect of the comprehensive management of water pollution. The results show that COD contributes 86.77% to the water pollution in the sample lake area. The water quality of the upper and lower lakes is more distributed by class V and class III, which account for 36.67% and 43.33%, respectively. The proposed water pollution monitoring method is able to accurately identify and classify the pollution. After the comprehensive treatment, the COD and ammonia nitrogen content of the upper lake decreased by 30.51% and 37.43%, and that of the lower lake decreased by 35.90% and 39.06%. The effect of water pollution treatment was remarkable.

Along with the application and popularization of information fusion technology in all fields of life, education informatization is also increasing. In this paper, a scale prediction model is introduced based on the Multi-scale Attention Module MAM, composed of CSP-MAM, to detect the position of students in the classroom. Students’ expression changes in the school are identified through face classification, border regression, and face key point localization techniques. Using the data analysis function of the back-end of the information classroom, we obtain students’ classroom interaction information, and with the help of information fusion technology, we fuse the Information of the three classroom dimensions to construct the ideological and political learning evaluation model. In evaluating individual students’ concentration, the frequency of neutral and positive expressions of the five students is 49,960 times higher than that of negative expressions. After the ideological and political informatization teaching, the student’s overall learning effect score is 9.0174, and the three dimensions have been improved by 1.245, 0.9492, and 0.9024, respectively, which shows that the student’s learning concentration and effect under ideological and political informatization education are good.

With the advent of the scientific and technological era, the times and the modernization of China, the requirements and goals of the Political perspective applied to undergraduate universities in the Age of Science and Technology are constantly updated, and it is of practical significance to learn from a political perspective college students in the new era of rapid development today. This paper constructs the 4C/ID learning model by finding literature and methods involved and applied in the learning process to realize political learning of college students based on Internet technology and provide some theoretical reference basis for teachers and students of relevant colleges and universities. Taking the study of new ways of political learning of college students as the theoretical basis, through the support of Internet technology, the traditional research ideas discussing the political learning of college students are analyzed, discussions are held around the new ways political level learning, and finally, the 4C/ID learning model of Political learning of college students based on Internet science is constructed. How to improve the political level learning model and open up new related learning pathways is a necessary issue that educators cannot ignore today. The study shows that the 4C/ID learning model of introducing the Internet into the study of college students at the political level technology can develop political level learning to the greatest extent. Based on Internet technology, the curriculum content system political level learning can be deeply explored to promote Xi Jinping’s idea in the new social and technological era of the healthy and vigorous development of socialist culture construction.

As an important carrier of intelligent logistics, AGV can effectively reduce the labor cost of factories and warehouses. With the comprehensive promotion of “smart manufacturing”, the manufacturing industry has a stronger demand for automated AGV logistics systems. This paper firstly analyzes the principle of fuzzy PID controller and establishes its kinematic model to obtain the intrinsic relationship between the motion form and the speed of each driving wheel. Secondly, through the data measured and fed back by the fuzzy PID control system, the AGV driving angle deviation and position deviation are used as the input of the fuzzy controller; its fuzzy deviation correction technology is applied to realize the path correction of the AGV and ensure the stable operation of the AGV through the cooperative motion control technology. Finally, MATLAB software establishes the joint simulation model of the AGV fuzzy PID control system. The results show that through the two algorithms of PID control and fuzzy PID control correction test, the fuzzy PID controller system corrects the deflection efficiency by 47.41%; in the kinematic test, the path tracking efficiency is increased by 30.76%, the distance correction efficiency is increased by 69.56%, the angle correction efficiency is increased by 69.56%, and the average performance is increased by 53.44%. Through the two comparisons, it is concluded that the fuzzy controller designed in this paper has the advantages of fast response speed, good stability, and strong deflection correction performance, which substantially improves the speed and accuracy of intelligent search of intelligent vehicles.

This paper first focuses on the design elements and digital platforms of stone carving art and then discusses the dissemination of stone carving art on social media platforms. Secondly, a social media propagation dynamics modeling of stone sculpture art promotion is proposed, and the degree distribution of stone sculpture art promotion in the BA scale-free network is calculated by the social media network model and propagation evolution model. Finally, the kinetic analysis of social media on stone carving art promotion by different influencing factors and information dissemination stages is explored. The results show that when the user recognizes stone carving art as Ii(0) = 0.7 the larger the value Ii = (0), the greater the user’s propensity to spread stone carving art promotion information and the greater the rate of stone carving art promotion information dissemination. Through the in-depth combination of social media and stone carving art, this paper has important practice and significance for the protection and inheritance of stone carving art and for improving its influence and popularity.

As a typical representative of advanced producer services, banks can be used to characterize the spatial structure of urban networks through the headquarters-branch connections and the implied capital flow process, which can guide the exploration of financial market connectivity and coordinated regional development. In this paper, the financial linkages of 26 representative banks in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA) were transformed from city scale to county scale urban network using the interlocking network model, and the structural characteristics and influencing mechanism of urban network are discussed using the Social Network Analysis and Geographically Weighted Regression model. The results show that: 1) The Pearl River Estuary in the GBA is a dense area of financial linkages. The level of financial linkages on the east bank of the Pearl River is generally higher than that on the west bank of the Pearl River, and the hierarchical expansion to the peripheral space is continuous or progressive. 2) The clustering and accessibility of the overall network perform well. The whole network presents a typical "small world" effect. Guangzhou Tianhe, Guangzhou Yuexiu, Foshan Nanhai, Foshan Shunde, and other nodes are of high gradability and proximity, and they are also important intermediaries for financial connections in the GBA. 3) Most of the nodes with high gradability have higher effective scale and efficiency, and have the advantage of structural holes. The peripheral spatial nodes have a high restriction degree. The network mainly relies on some nodes in the core or sub-core subgroups to generate financial linkages, while the financial linkages among most nodes of the edge subgroup are weak. 4) The variables negatively correlated with the total number of linkages are population density, economic development level, and government control behavior. The variables that are positively correlated with the total number of linkages are the degree of transportation convenience and social consumption ability. The relationship between the demand for financial services and the level of openness to the outside world and the total linkages is complex and has bidirectional effects. An additional contribution of this paper is as follows: 1) The preference for location choice of APS enterprises represented by banks is higher for geographical agglomeration in local markets, and the financial relationship at the county scale is more important for the location choice of bank branches within cities. 2) The differentiated urban network structure characteristics revealed by the heterogeneity of bank branches provide a reference value for the appeal of different types of bank branches.

The function of α/β discrimination is very useful for analyzing the mixed sample of α and β nuclides by the technology of liquid scintillation counting(LSC). The liquid scintillation counters with the function of α/β discrimination can be classified as Type A or Type B. Type B counters allow the adjustment of discrimination parameter after the sample measurement, which is a great convenience for α/β discrimination. Hidex liquid scintillation counter is one of Type B counters, but no new LSC spectra, including LSC spectra for α radiation and those for β radiation, is given for new discrimination parameter. This paper suggests methods of reconstructing the LSC spectra for any new discrimination parameter with the example of measuring LSC samples of 237Np or uranium. The reconstructed LSC spectra are in good agreement with those reported in literature.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the current screening methods for the students who were in close contact with tuberculosis patients， that could accurately identify the preventive treatment subjects， and to improve the tuberculosis prevention and control in Shanghai schools.MethodsThe freshman/sophomore who were in close contact with active tuberculosis patients in the colleges in 2019 were recruited. All the subjects underwent both tuberculin skin test （TST） and QuantiFERON-TB gold in-tube （QFT） test at the enrollment. After signed the informed consent， all of the participants filled in a questionnaire and determined their baseline tuberculosis infection status. They were followed up for 2 years to monitor the conversion of infection status and the incidence of tuberculosis.ResultsFour of 9 （44.4%） positive participants had conversion to negative results， and 5 of 300 （1.7%） negative participants had conversion to positive during the 2-year follow-up， one of which was diagnosed with active tuberculosis. We assessed diagnostic agreement between QFT and TST at different cut-off values. The highest coincidence rate was 94.0% when choosing 15 mm as the cut-off value， with Kappa coefficient of 0.45 （95%CI： 0.32‒0.59）.ConclusionAlthough stricter than the national work requirements， the prevention and control of tuberculosis in Shanghai schools still need to be carried out meticulously. It's necessary to strengthen daily prevention and control measures， and improve the ability of management.

ObjectiveTo describe the characteristics of treatment outcomes of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis （MDR-TB） patients enrolled in second-line treatment in Shanghai from 2017 to 2018， and to analyze the influencing factors of treatment outcomes.MethodsTotally 182 MDR-TB patients were analyzed by using data collected from the China tuberculosis management information system， the hospital's electronic medical record information system， whole genome sequencing results and a questionnaire survey， and logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the factors affecting the success of treatment.ResultsIn 182 MDR-TB patients， the success rate of treatment was 65.4%， the loss to follow-up rate was 8.2%， the mortality rate was 4.9%， the unassessable rate was 13.7%， and the drug withdrawal rate was 7.7%. The factors affecting the success of treatment in MDR-TB patients included age （35‒ years old， OR=5.28， 95%CI： 1.58‒17.59， P=0.007； 55‒ years old， OR=16.30， 95%CI： 4.36‒60.92， P

We present a case of 80 years woman chronic smoker (10 cigarettes)/ per day for 50 years diagnosed with adenocarcinoma in the upper left lobe of her lungs in a geriatric clinic. She has no history of diabetes but taking medicine for hypertension and dyslipidemia. She was admitted and operated on for partial pneumonectomy and discharged after 11 days of care with all essential drugs, and instructions. After 4 weeks of treatment, she complained of unusual polyuria, diagnosed in the department of Geriatrics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, China.

In order to rapidly determine deoxynivalenol (DON) and Zearalenone (ZEN) in maize, a rapid quantitative immunofluorescence assay based on superconductor coating was used to detect multiple maize samples. Combined with the recovery rate, stability, detection limit, precision and other indexes, the applicability of the method was evaluated and compared with the results of liquid chromatography. The results showed that the superconductor coated immunofluorescence diaper method had the good linearity in the range of 100 ng/mL~2 500 ng/mL for DON and 5~200 µg/kg for ZEN. The recoveries of DON were 103.72%~108.17% in the range of 500~2 000 µg/kg, and 97.81%~111.27% in the range of ZEN 50~150 µg/kg. Compared with the results of liquid chromatography, the superconductor coated immunofluorescence diaper method is an effective, practical, rapid and quantitative analysis method within the allowable deviation range, which can meet the requirements of simultaneous detection of DON and ZEN in maize.

This review summarized the research achievements of mushroom sauce in recent years, from the aspects of raw and auxiliary materials selection, formula, and process research, analysis and testing, existing problems, and prospected the raw material quality and nutrition safety detection.

Objective To evaluate the safety and efficacy of cold snare polypectomy (CSP) and hot snare polypectomy (HSP) in the treatment of small colorectal polyps. Methods The clinical data of 3 750 patients who underwent endoscopic polypectomy for small colorectal polyps in our hospital from January 1, 2020 to August 31, 2021 were collected and analyzed retrospectively. There were 1 796 cases assigned into CSP group and 1 954 cases into HSP group. Their general data, number and utilization rate of titanium clips, complete resection rate, specimen recovery rate, incidence of delayed bleeding, perforation rate and incidence of abdominal discomfort were analyzed and compared between the 2 groups. Results There were no significant differences in the general data (age, gender, BMI, and number, size, location, morphology and pathological type of polyps) and in proportions of comorbidities (hypertension and diabetes) between the 2 groups (P>0.05). The utilization rate and average number of clips used were significantly lower in the CSP group than the HSP group (11.19% vs 19.55%, P < 0.001; 0.16±0.49 vs 0.27±0.63, P < 0.001). No statistical difference was found in the complete resection rate between the 2 groups (93.99% vs 95.04%, P=0.158). The CSP group had higher specimen recovery rate (99.55% vs 98.26%, P < 0.001), lower incidence of delayed bleeding (0.06% vs 0.46%, P=0.037) and incidence of abdominal discomfort (4.18% vs 9.31%, P < 0.001) when compared with the HSP group. In terms of perforation, no occurrence was observed in the CSP group and 1 case (0.05%) in the HSP group, though no statistical difference (P=0.521). Conclusion When compared with HSP, CSP has advantages of lower utilization rate and less number of titanium clips, higher specimen recovery rate, and lower incidence of complications in the treatment of small colorectal polyps. It is a safe and effective treatment, and worthy of clinical application.

Foamy viruses belong to the Spumaretrovirinae subfamily member of the Retroviridae family and produce nonpathogenic infection to hosts in the natural conditions. However, infections of foamy viruses can dramatically cause severe cytopathic effects in vitro. To date, the exact molecular mechanism has remained unclear which implied the tremendous importance of virus-host cell immune reactions. In this study, we found that the transactivator Tas in two foamy viruses isolated from Old World Monkey (OWM) induced obvious inhibition of cell proliferation via the upregulation of Foxo3a expression. It was mediated by the generation of ROS and the initiation of ER stress, and ultimately, the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway was triggered. Notably, PFV Tas contributed to the accumulation of G0/G1 phase cycle arrest induced by the activation of the p53 signaling pathway and the nuclear transportation of HDAC4 via upregulating PPM1E expression. Together, these results demonstrated the different survival strategies by which foamy virus can hijack host cell cytokines and regulate virus-host cell interactions.