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Urban parks enhance residents' quality of life and health by fostering a harmonious relationship between people and nature, so effective park design needs to prioritize ecological protection, sustainable landscapes, and practical spatial structures to achieve these benefits. This study takes the typical case of urban park renovation and reconstruction—Kowloon Walled City Park—as an example to conduct research and divides the interior of the park into four types of areas: contemporary built-up area; historical relic area; natural–folk custom area; and ecological conservation area. Based on 405 valid questionnaire data for respondents, this study conducts empirical research using a combination of the Semantic Differential (SD) method, Importance Performance Analysis (IPA) model, and unordered multivariate logit choice model, comprehensively describes and analyzes individual spatial perception and preferences, and further discusses the potential factors affecting individual perception preferences. The results show that there are differences in many characteristics between different areas in Kowloon Walled City Park. At the same time, people generally prefer park areas that integrate modern and traditional elements, natural and cultural environments, and pay attention to the balance between naturalness and sociality in park design. These results provide useful information for planners, developers, and others, as well as data for designing urban park construction with higher practical value and natural benefits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Promoting the development of eco-industries plays a significant role in achieving the harmonious symbiosis between economic growth and environmental protection as well as enhancing the comprehensive effectiveness of ecological and economic benefits. Due to their unique nature, cooperatives may play a crucial role in facilitating the integration between farmers and the development of eco-industries. To investigate whether cooperatives possess the capacity to enhance the income-generating effects for farmers involved in eco-industries, this study selected the Crested Ibis National Nature Reserve (CINNR), a representative area for eco-industry development, as the research site. Data were gathered through face-to-face interviews, and this research empirically analyzed the impact of cooperatives on the income-generating effect of farmers using endogenous switching regression (ESR). The findings are threefold. First, cooperatives indeed enhance the income-generating effects for farmers engaged in eco-industries. Second, variables such as the distribution of agroforestry materials, premium capacity, soil quality, and status of village cadres have a positive impact on farmers joining cooperatives, whereas punishment initiatives discourage their participation. Third, for farmers who have joined cooperatives, factors such as the distribution of agroforestry materials, premium capacity, low-cost conservation initiatives, land area, status of village cadres, the proportion of labor force, technical training, soil quality, and land area positively affect their income from eco-industries. Conversely, punishment initiatives, age, and land location negatively impact their income. The results of this study provide new ideas for farmers to participate in the development of eco-industries, new evidence showing co-operatives can improve farmers' income, and new directions for coordinating conflicts between conservation and development in protected areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To study the mechanism of Yiqi Hexue Formula in the treatment of liver cirrhosis based on network pharmacology and experimental verification. Methods: Firstly, the effective components and action targets of various traditional Chinese medicines in Yiqi Hexue Formula were searched from TCMSP and BATMAN-TCM databases. The disease target genes were obtained by using GeneCard, PharmGkb, OMIM, DrugBank and TTD databases. The potential target genes of drugs and disease target genes were intersected, and the Venn diagram was drawn. The "active ingredient-core target" network was constructed by Cytoscape software, and the KEGG pathway of the intersection genes was analyzed by R software. Animal experiments were conducted to observe the effect of Yiqi Hexue Formula on histopathology of CCl4-induced liver cirrhosis model rats, determine the expression levels of JAK2 and STAT3 mRNA in liver tissue, and preliminarily explore the mechanism of Yiqi Hexue Formula in the treatment of liver cirrhosis. Results: A total of 43 active components and 648 targets of Yiqi Hexue Formula for the treatment of liver cirrhosis were screened through the database. KEGG pathway analysis showed that Yiqi Hexue Formula mainly affected PI3K/Akt, MAPK, IL-17 and JAK/STAT signaling pathway. Animal experimental research showed that compared with the model group, the degree of inflammation and fibrosis in liver tissue of rats treated with Yiqi Hexue Formula was significantly improved; The expression of JAK2 and STAT3 mRNA decreased significantly in the treatment group of Yiqi Hexue Formula (P<0.05). Conclusion: Yiqi Hexue Formula can treat liver cirrhosis through multiple components, multiple targets and multiple pathways. JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway is involved in the formation of liver cirrhosis. Yiqi Hexue Formula can improve the pathological manifestations of cirrhotic rats. Its mechanism may be related to inhibiting the transmission of JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]