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Liu, Guihua, Yang, Hefeng, Li, Guoqing, Chen, Zhenning, Zhang, Bin (2022): A new species of the idiocerine leafhopper genus Chinaocerus Zhang & Li (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) from northwest China, with a checklist and key to species. Zootaxa 5105 (3): 445-450, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5105.3.7

Genus Chinaocerus Zhang & Li, 2016 Chinaocerus Zhang & Li, 2016: 237. Type-species: Chinaocerus bispinatus Zhang & Li, by original designation. Chinaocerus Zhang & Li; Xue, Viraktamath & Zhang, 2016: 406; Zhang & Webb, 2018: 584. Medium-sized leafhoppers. Length usually from 4.9 to 6.2 mm. Body generally yellowish brown to pale brown, with black to dark brown markings on head and thorax. Head broader than pronotum, shagreen. Face shagreen, slightly wider across eyes than long. Ocelli near or above ends of fronal sutures, closer to adjacent eyes than to each other. Anteclypeus projecting beyond genae, expanded apically, lateral margins slightly concave at midlength. Antenna with distal part of flagellum dilatated in male. Lora small, slightly elevated above level of genae. Pronotum shagreen with anterior margin convexly rounded, lateral margins moderately long, posterior margin slightly concave. Scutellum shagreen subtriangular, slightly broader than long, and slightly longer than pronotum. Forewing with three subapical cells, outer subapical cell smallest, central and outer cells closed, inner subapical cell open; four apical cells, outer apical cell longest; appendix moderately broad. Hind femoral macrosetae 2+0, hind tibial macrosetae PD14���17, AD5���6, AV7���8. Hind basitarsus with three platellae. Pygofer elongate and narrow, with dorsal anterior apodeme poorly developed, distinctly finely dentate along caudoventral margin, without ventral process. Anal collar well developed with narrow and elongate processes. Subgenital plates elongate with long fine setae. Male valve distinctly wider than long, anterior margin straight, posterior margin undulate with rounded median projection. Style long, apophysis evenly curved, and usually bearing a row of fine lateral setae. Connective T-shaped, heavily pigmented. Aedeagus with prominent basal apodeme expanded laterad, aedeagal shaft tubular and slightly compressed, with pair of subapical processes, gonopore situated subapically on posterior surface. Female ovipositor strongly projecting beyond pygofer. Sternite VII convexly produced, posterior margin of median area narrowly concave in ventral view. Second valvula regularly broadened in lateral view, bearing approximately 10���27 teeth along dorsal margin. Chinaocerus differs from Idiocerus in having the caudoventral margin of the male pygofer dentate (except in C. sexspinosus Zhang & Webb), a pair of subapical processes arising from the ventral surface of the aedeagal shaft and the female with a more elongate ovipositor., Published as part of Liu, Guihua, Yang, Hefeng, Li, Guoqing, Chen, Zhenning & Zhang, Bin, 2022, A new species of the idiocerine leafhopper genus Chinaocerus Zhang & Li (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) from northwest China, with a checklist and key to species, pp. 445-450 in Zootaxa 5105 (3) on page 446, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5105.3.7, http://zenodo.org/record/6332872, {"references":["Zhang, B. & Li, Z. Z. (2016) See Dang L. H, Zhang B. & Li Z. Z. (2016)","Xue, Q. Q., Viraktamath, C. A. & Zhang, Y. L. (2016) Checklist to Chinese idiocerine leafhoppers, key to genera and description of a new species of Anidiocerus (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha: Cicadellidae). Entomologica Americana, 122 (3), 405 - 417. https: // doi. org / 10.1664 / 1947 - 5144 - 122.3.405","Zhang, B., Chi, W. F. & Webb, M. D. (2018) Description of two new idiocerine leafhoppers of the genus Chinaocerus (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) from southwestern China. Zootaxa, 4457 (4), 583 - 588. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4457.4.8"]}

Chinaocerus dentatus Zhang sp. nov. (Figs 1–4, 5–6, 7, 8–17) Male. Yellowish brown. Vertex (Fig. 1) with two small black spots closer to adjacent eyes than to median line. Face pale yellow (Fig. 5) with dark brown maculae near dorsal margin, eyes lemon yellow. Pronotum (Figs 1–2) yellowish brown with pair of triangular black marks on anterior margin, posterior margin grayish white. Scutellum light brown with basal triangles dark brown, a round dark spot on either side of median line. Forewings (Fig. 2) yellowish brown, veins dark brown. Male dorsal basal abdominal apodemes (Fig. 8) shorter than ventral ones, attaining posterior margin of sternite III. Male genitalia. Pygofer lobe (Figs 9–10) elongate and narrow, with dorsal anterior apodeme developed; anal collar (Fig. 9) with arms elongate with apices hook-like. Apophysis of style (Fig. 11) bearing approximately 15 fine lateral setae distally. Aedeagus (Figs 14–15) with well developed dorsal apodeme bearing pair of acute, fin-like lateral extensions; shaft tapered from base to apex in both lateral and posterior view, in posterior view with pair of very short, indistinct lateral prepical projections above gonopore, in lateral view sinuate, apex foot-like with prepical heel at level of gonopore and relatively broad distal toe. Female. Color (Figs 3–4) similar to male but face brighter yellow, triangular black marks on pronotum smaller and scutellum markings paler. Female genitalia. Second valvulae (Figs 16–17) regularly broadened in lateral view, bearing approximately 10 teeth along dorsal margin. Measurements (mm). Male: body length 5.35–5.5, face length 1.45–1.52, width 1.8–1.85; distance between ocelli 0.45–0.56; distance from ocellus to eyes 0.34–0.35; medial length of pronotum 0.57–0.64, width 1.56–1.57; scutellum length 0.86–86, width 1.15–1.27. Female: body length 6.0–6.15, face length 1.65–1.71, width 1.95–1.98; distance between ocelli 0.56–0.58; distance from ocellus to eyes 0.34–0.36; medial length of pronotum 0.64–0.68, width 1.64–1.66; scutellum length 0.96–0.98, width 1.25–1.27. Material examined. Holotype: ♂, China, Qinghai Province, Huzhu County, 17. viii. 2007, Bin Zhang. Paratypes: 3♀♀, same date as holotype; 1♂, China, Gansu Province, Zhangxian County, 04. x. 1987, Zhitai Sun; 1♀, China, Gansu Province, Mount Lianhuashan, 04. x. 1987, Zhitai Sun; 15♂♂, 21♀♀, China, Qinghai Province, Menyuan County (43.31496°N, 102.81495°E), altitude 2686 m, 26. vii. 2021, Bin Zhang; 3♂♂, 4♀♀, China, Qinghai Province Menyuan County, 26. iv. 2021, Hefeng Yang and Guoqing Li. Host plant. Salix sp. Distribution. China: Qinghai and Gansu. Diagnosis. C. dentatus resembles C. kangdingensis but differs in having the anal collar with arms elongate and apices hook-like, and the aedeagus with a lamellate process with serrated margins on the preatrium and the shaft lacking lamellate processes at midlength. Etymology. The species name refers to the dentations on the lamellate processes of the dorsal apodeme of the aedeagus., Published as part of Liu, Guihua, Yang, Hefeng, Li, Guoqing, Chen, Zhenning & Zhang, Bin, 2022, A new species of the idiocerine leafhopper genus Chinaocerus Zhang & Li (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) from northwest China, with a checklist and key to species, pp. 445-450 in Zootaxa 5105 (3) on pages 447-448, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5105.3.7, http://zenodo.org/record/6332872

Phyllocoptes angustais sp. nov. (Figs 1–8) Diagnosis. With the similar prodorsal shield design and the similar host plants from the family Rosaceae, the new species is similar to P. gansunensis Kuang & Luo, 1998, but can be differentiated from the latter by: admedian lines connected with scapular tubercles (admedian lines extending nearby capular tubercles in P. gansunensis), and female coverflap with 6 ribs (female coverflap with 10 ribs in P. gansunensis). Besides this, the species is also characterized by: Body fusiform, color light yellowish; gnathosoma moderate and projecting obliquely down, prodorsal shield with obvious shield lobe; median line missing, admedian lines connected with scapular tubercles, submedian lines uncomplete; scapular tubercles ahead of rear shield margin, scapular setae projecting up and centrad; coxisternal plates with short lines, prosternal apodeme present; legs with tarsal empodium simple, 5-rayed, tarsal solenidion unknobbed; opisthosoma dorsally with 53– 59 semi-annuli, sculptured with round microtubercles on annular margin or taper microtubercles on rear annular margin; and ventrally with 71–74 semi-annuli, with rounded microtubercles except caudal 3–5 ventral semi-annli with elongated microtubercles; setae h1 present; female genitalia coverflap with 6 ribs. Description. Female (n = 10). Body fusiform, 190 (180–220), 62 (62–75) wide, 74 thick; light yellowish in color. Gnathosoma 27 (25–27), projecting obliquely down; pedipalp coxal setae (ep) 3, dorsal pedipalp genual setae (d) 5 (5). Prodorsal shield 46 (40–46), 52 (52–65) wide, frontal lobe broad, covering with a few waxy materials. Shield design with median and admedian lines missing, submedian lines extending to scapular tubercles. Scapular tubercles ahead of rear shield margin, 18 (16–18) apart; scapular setae (sc) 10 (8–10), projecting up and centrad. Coxigenital region with 9–10 semi-annuli between coxae and genitalia. Coxal plates I and II with short lines, anterolateral setae on coxisternum I (1b) 6 (5–6), 12 (10– 12) apart; proximal setae on coxisternum I (1a) 12 (10–15), 6 (5–6) apart; proximal setae on coxisternum II (2a) 25 (20–30), 22 (20–26) apart; prosternal apodeme present, 7 (6–7). Leg I 30 (30–32), trochanter 3 (3), femur 10 (10–12), basiventral femoral setae (bv) 10 (10–12); genu 4 (4), antaxial genual setae (l'') 25 (20–28); tibia 7 (7), paraxial tibial setae (l') 4 (3–5), located on nearly 1/2 from lateral base; tarsus 6 (6), paraxial, fastigial, tarsal setae (ft') 15 (15–18), antaxial, fastigial, tarsal setae (ft'') 18 (18–20); tarsal empodium (em) 5 (5), simple, 5-rayed; tarsal solenidion (ω) 6 (6), unknobbed. Leg II 28 (28– 30), trochanter 3 (3), femur 10 (10–12), basiventral femoral setae (bv) 8 (8–10); genu 4 (4), antaxial genual setae (l'') 8 (7– 8); tibia 5 (5); tarsus 6 (6), paraxial, fastigial, tarsal setae (ft') 7(6–8), antaxial, fastigial, tarsal setae (ft'')15 (15–18); tarsal empodium (em) 5 (5), simple, 5-rayed; tarsal solenidion (ω) 6 (6), unknobbed. Opisthosoma dorsally with 53 (53–59) semiannuli, sculptured with round microtubercles on annular margin or taper microtubercles on rear annular margin; and ventrally with 71 (71–74) semi-annuli, with rounded microtubercles except caudal 4–5 semi-annuli with elongated microtubercles; setae c2 15 (15–20) on ventral semi-annulus 14–15, 48 (48–58) apart; setae d 25 (20–25) on ventral semi-annulus 29–30, 32 (31–32) apart; setae e 22 (18–25) on ventral semi-annulus 47–48, 12 (11–12) apart; setae f 25 (20–25) on 6th ventral semiannulus from rear, 20(20–23) apart. Setae h1 4, 4 (4) apart; setae h2 40 (40–50), 8 (8) apart. Female genitalia 18 (15–18), 23 (22–25) wide, coverflap with 6 ribs, setae 3a 15 (13–20), 15 (15–18) apart. Male (n = 8). Body fusiform, 133–170, 50–62 wide, 58–70 thick; Gnathosoma 23–25, projecting obliquely down; pedipalp coxal setae (ep) 3, dorsal pedipalp genual setae (d) 6. Prodorsal shield design pattern as female, 40–45, 50–55 wide. Scapular tubercles ahead of rear shield margin, 17 apart; scapular setae (sc) 8, projecting up and centrad. Coxal plates with anterolateral setae on coxisternum I (1b) 7–8, 12–13 apart; proximal setae on coxisternum I (1a) 10–12, 6–7 apart; proximal setae on coxisternum II (2a) 18–20, 20–23 apart; prosternal apodeme 6. Leg I 28–31, trochanter 2, femur 8–11, basiventral femoral setae (bv) 10–13; genu 4, antaxial genual setae (l'') 23; tibia 8, paraxial tibial setae (l')5; tarsus 6, paraxial, fastigial, tarsal setae (ft') 10, antaxial, fastigial, tarsal setae (ft'')15; tarsal empodium (em) 6, simple, 5-rayed; tarsal solenidion (ω) 5, unknobbed. Leg II 27–30, trochanter 2, femur 8–11, basiventral femoral setae (bv) 10; genu 4, antaxial genual setae (l'') 10; tibia 7; tarsus 6, paraxial, fastigial, tarsal setae (ft') 5–6, antaxial, fastigial, tarsal setae (ft'') 12–15; tarsal empodium (em) 5, simple, 5-rayed; tarsal solenidion (ω) 6, unknobbed. Opisthosoma dorsally with 43–46 semi-annuli, and ventrally with 64–67 semi-annuli; setae c2 18–20 on ventral semi-annulus 13–14, 32–40 apart; setae d 13–25 on ventral semi-annulus 25– 26, 23–28 apart; setae e 10–18 on ventral semi-annulus 41–42, 6–11 apart; setae f 23 on 6th ventral semi-annulus from rear, 15–21 apart. Setae h1 3–4, 4 apart; setae h2 40–60, 6–8 apart. Male genitalia 20 wide, setae 3a 13–15, 13–15 apart. Type material. Holotype ♀, from Sibiraea angustata (Rehd.) Hand. -Mazz. (Rosaceae), Maixiu National Forest Park, Zeku Couty, Huangnan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Qinghai, China, 35°13´18"N, 101°57´20"E, elev. 3160 m, 16 August 2019, coll. Manchao Xie. Paratypes. 9♀ 8♂, same data as holotype. Relation to host. The mites are vagrant on the undersurfaces of leaves, with rust damages seen. Etymology. The specific designation angustais is derived from the specific name of the host plant, angusta, by adding the postfix, is, masculine of the gender. Remarks. The genus Phyllocoptes (Eriophyidae: Phyllocoptinae: Phyllocoptini) was erected by Nalepa (1887). About 165 species are arranged in the genus all over the world (Amrine et al., 2003), of which 49 species are distributed in China (Hong et al., 2010), and 4 species are in Qinghai (Li et al., 2012), namely: P. asperatae Song, Xue & Hong, 2006; P. beishanensis Li, Xue & Hong, 2012; P. dangchangi Song, Xue & Hong, 2006 and P. gansunensis Kuang & Luo, 1998. This is firstly collected eriophyid mites from the leaves of Sibiraea angustata (Rehd.) Hand. -Mazz., Published as part of Xie, Manchao, Chen, Zhenning & Han, Fuzhong, 2021, Three new species of eriophyoid mites from Maixiu National Forest Park, Qinghai Province, China (Acari: Eriophyoidea), pp. 200-207 in Zoological Systematics 46 (3) on pages 201-203, DOI: 10.11865/zs.2021302, http://zenodo.org/record/7175839, {"references":["Nalepa, A. 1887. Die Anatomie der Phytopten. Sitzungsberichte der kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften. Mathematisch- Naturwissenschaftliche Klasse, Wien. Abtheilung 1, 96 (4): 115 - 165, pls. 1 - 2.","Amrine, J. W. Jr., Stasny, T. A. H., Flechtmann, C. H. W. 2003. Revised Keys to World Genera of Eriophyoidea (Acari: Prostigmata). Indira Publishing House, Michigan. 244 pp.","Hong, X. Y., Xue, X. F., Song, Z. W. 2010. Eriophyoidea of China: A review of progress, with a checklist. Zoosymposia, 4: 57 - 93.","Li, H. S., Xue, X. F., Hong, X. Y. 2012. Eriophyoid mites from Qinhai Province, northwestern China with descriptions of nine new species (Acari, Eriophyoidea). Zookeys, 196: 47 - 107."]}

Diptacus acutifolius sp. nov. (Figs 17–21) Diagnosis. The new species is similar to D. shangzouensis Xie, 2013 with 5-rayed tarsal empodium and host plants (from the family Rosaceae) and fauna (the northwestern China), but can be differentiated from the latter by shield design with incomplete networks (shield design with complete networks in D. shangzouensis), and dorsal annuli smooth (dorsal annuli sculptured with lines in D. shangzouensis). Besides this, the species is also characterized by: Body fusiform, yellowish-brown in color; gnathosoma large and projecting straight down, prodorsal shield with anterior shield lobe present; shield design with median line strong and incomplete networks on frontal edge; scapular tubercles ahead of rear shield margin, scapular setae projecting up and and centrad; coxisternal plates with granules, prosternal apodeme absent; legs with tarsal empodium divided, 5-rayed, tarsal solenidion with large knob; opisthosoma dorsally with 45–53 semi-annuli, smooth; and ventrally with 84–89 semi-annuli, with rounded microtubercles except caudal 12–15 ventral semi-annli with elongated microtubercles; setae h1 present; female genitalia coverflap almost smooth besides one line. Description. Female (n = 10). Body fusiform, 215 (190–248), 115 (107–115) wide, 110 (95–113) thick; yellowish-brown in color. Gnathosoma 56 (56–60), projecting straight down; pedipalp coxal setae (ep) 5 (5), dorsal pedipalp genual setae (d) 13(13–15). Prodorsal shield 41 (40–41), 82 (82–90) wide, frontal lobe feeble. Shield design with median line strong and incomplete networks on frontal edge. Scapular tubercles ahead of rear shield margin, 27 (25–27) apart; scapular setae (sc) 6 (5–7), projecting up and centrad. Coxigenital region with 11(11–13) semi-annuli between coxae and genitalia. Coxal plates I and II with few granules, anterolateral setae on coxisternum I (1b) 18 (18–20), 14 (14–15) apart; proximal setae on coxisternum I (1a) 50 (45–55), 13 (13–14) apart; proximal setae on coxisternum II (2a) 60 (55–60), 35(35–37) apart; prosternal apodeme absent. Leg I 58 (52–61), trochanter 5 (5), femur 17 (17–18), basiventral femoral setae (bv) absent; genu 8 (5–8), antaxial genual setae (l'') 45 (45–50); tibia 18 (16–18), paraxial tibial setae (l')12 (10–12), located at 1/2 from dorsal base; tarsus 10 (9–12), paraxial, fastigial, tarsal setae (ft') 30 (30–33), antaxial, fastigial, tarsal setae (ft'') 30 (30–33); tarsal empodium (em) 5 (5–6), divided, 5-rayed; tarsal solenidion (ω) 6 (6–7), knobbed. Leg II 54 (49–57), trochanter 5 (5), femur 17 (17–18), basiventral femoral setae (bv) absent; genu 8 (5–8), antaxial genual setae (l'') 15 (12–15); tibia 14 (13–14); tarsus 10 (9–12), paraxial, fastigial, tarsal setae (ft') 10 (8–12), antaxial, fastigial, tarsal setae (ft'') 30 (30–33); tarsal empodium (em) 5 (5–6), divided, 5-rayed; tarsal solenidion (ω) 6 (6–7), knobbed. Opisthosoma dorsally with 48 (45–53) semi-annuli, smooth; ventrally with 84 (84–89) semi-annuli, with few round microtubercles except caudal 12–15 ventral semi-annli with elongated microtubercles; setae c2 60 (55–60) on ventral semi-annulus 18–19, 67 (67–85) apart; setae d 70 (70–80) on ventral semi-annulus 32–33, 50 (50–57) apart; setae e 60 (60–65) on ventral semi-annulus 51–52, 25(24–25) apart; setae f 55 (50–60) on 13-14 ventral semi-annulus from rear, 37 (37–40) apart. Setae h1 1, 10 (9–10) apart; setae h2 90 (80–100), 14 (13–14) apart. Female genitalia 25 (22–25), 33 (30–33) wide, coverflap almost smooth besides one line, setae 3a 12 (12– 15), 17 (17–18) apart. Male. Unknown. Type material. Holotype ♀, from Cotoneaster acutifolius Turcz. (Rosaceae), Maixiu National Forest Park, Zeku Couty, Huangnan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Qinghai, China, 35°12´56"N, 101°50´20"E, elev. 3080 m, 15 August 2019, coll. Manchao Xie. Paratypes. 9♀, same data as holotype. Relation to host. The mites are vagrant on the undersurfaces of leaves, with no visible symptoms observed. Etymology. The specific designation acutifolius is derived from the specific name of the host plant. Remarks. The genus Diptacus (Diptilomiopidae, Diptilomiopinae) was erected by Keifer in 1951. About 43 species are arranged in the genus in the world (Amrine et al., 2003), of which 41 species are distributed in China (Hong et al., 2010), and 2 species are in Qinghai (Li et al., 2012), namely D. berberinus Li, Xue & Hong, 2012 and D. mengdaensis Li, Xue & Hong, 2012. This is the second species of eriophyid mite collected from the leaves of Cotoneaster acutifolius Turcz., the first one is Rhyncaphytoptus acutifoliae Song, Xue & Hong, 2009. Acknowledgements This work is supported by Biodiversity Background Survey in Maixiu National Forest Park, Huangnan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Qinghai Province, China. We thank greatly anonymous reviewers for valuable comments on the manuscript., Published as part of Xie, Manchao, Chen, Zhenning & Han, Fuzhong, 2021, Three new species of eriophyoid mites from Maixiu National Forest Park, Qinghai Province, China (Acari: Eriophyoidea), pp. 200-207 in Zoological Systematics 46 (3) on pages 205-207, DOI: 10.11865/zs.2021302, http://zenodo.org/record/7175839, {"references":["Xie, M. C. 2013. Two new species of the genus Diptacus Keifer (Eriophyoidea, Diptilomiopidae, Diptilomiopinae) from Shaanxi Province, China. Acta Zootaxonomica Sinica, 38 (1): 64 - 69.","Amrine, J. W. Jr., Stasny, T. A. H., Flechtmann, C. H. W. 2003. Revised Keys to World Genera of Eriophyoidea (Acari: Prostigmata). Indira Publishing House, Michigan. 244 pp.","Hong, X. Y., Xue, X. F., Song, Z. W. 2010. Eriophyoidea of China: A review of progress, with a checklist. Zoosymposia, 4: 57 - 93.","Li, H. S., Xue, X. F., Hong, X. Y. 2012. Eriophyoid mites from Qinhai Province, northwestern China with descriptions of nine new species (Acari, Eriophyoidea). Zookeys, 196: 47 - 107."]}

Xie, Manchao, Chen, Zhenning, Han, Fuzhong (2021): Three new species of eriophyoid mites from Maixiu National Forest Park, Qinghai Province, China (Acari: Eriophyoidea). Zoological Systematics 46 (3): 200-207, DOI: 10.11865/zs.2021302, URL: https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/baf3edc9-0723-3f22-b471-46579507d71f/

The fault current is small when a single-phase earth fault occurs in distribution network, so it is still difficult to diagnose the faults accurately. To improve the identification accuracy of single-phase earth faults in distribution network, a fault pattern and convolutional neural network (CNN) based identification method is proposed in this paper. Firstly, this paper extracts the features of different fault types, and a classifier is constructed to identify the single-phase earth fault with low resistance fault and other faults. Then, the Hilbert-Huang transform (HHT) is used to transform the features of special faults from the time-domain to the frequency domain information. Finally, a CNN based classifier is proposed to distinguish the single-phase earth faults with high fault resistance and intermittent characteristics. To investigate the performance of the proposed identification method, simulations of a distribution grid case are carried out in MATLAB. Compared with artificial neural network (ANN) and k-nearest neighbor (KNN), the simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method can achieve higher accuracy on single-phase earth faults.