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Summary: The role of cysteine‐rich secretory proteins, antigen 5, and pathogenesis‐related 1 (CAP) superfamily proteins in the innate immune responses of mammals is well characterized. However, the biological function of CAP superfamily proteins in plant–microbe interactions is poorly understood.We used proteomics and transcriptome analyses to dissect the apoplastic effectors secreted by the oomycete Phytophthora sojae during early infection of soybean leaves. By transiently expressing these effectors in Nicotiana benthamiana, we identified PsCAP1, a novel type of secreted CAP protein that triggers immune responses in multiple solanaceous plants including N. benthamiana. This secreted CAP protein is conserved among oomycetes, and multiple PsCAP1 homologs can be recognized by N. benthamiana.PsCAP1‐triggered immune responses depend on the N‐terminal immunogenic fragment (aa 27–151). Pretreatment of N. benthamiana with PsCAP1 or the immunogenic fragment increases plant resistance against Phytophthora. The recognition of PsCAP1 and different homologs requires the leucine‐rich repeat receptor‐like protein RCAP1, which associates with two central receptor‐like kinases BRI1‐associated receptor kinase 1 (BAK1) and suppressor of BIR1‐1 (SOBIR1) in planta.These findings suggest that the CAP‐type apoplastic effectors act as an important player in plant–microbe interactions that can be perceived by plant membrane‐localized receptor to activate plant resistance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Underwater superoleophobic mesh has been broadly investigated but its mechanical durability was seldom mentioned. Thus, in this work a ZrO-coated stainless steel mesh was prepared for durable oil/water separation by an electrophoretic deposition method using ZrO sol as electrolyte. The ZrO coating is of hierarchical structure, making the Z-SSM superhydrophilic in air and superoleophobic underwater. The mesh exhibited outstanding separation efficiency of above 97.5% for various oil/water mixtures. The separation efficiency of n-hexane/water mixture maintained over 98% after 50 times of recycle separation. Moreover, the coated mesh maintained high separation efficiency after 30 cycles of abrasion, showing good stability. Graphical abstract: [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]